A Key To Uncle Tom's Cabin

''A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin'' is a book by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe. It was published to document the veracity of the depiction of slavery in Stowe's anti-slavery novel ''Uncle Tom's Cabin'' (1852). First published in 1853 by Jewett, Proctor & Worthington, the book also provides insights into Stowe's own views on slavery.

Origins

After the publication of ''Uncle Tom's Cabin'', Southerners accused Stowe of misrepresenting slavery. In order to show that she had neither lied about slavery nor exaggerated the plight of enslaved people, she compiled ''A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin''. The book was subtitled "Presenting the Original Facts and Documents upon Which the Story Is Founded, Together with Corroborative Statements Verifying the Truth of the Work".McFarland, Philip. ''Loves of Harriet Beecher Stowe''. New York: Grove Press, 2007: 105.

Reception

The reaction of Stowe's contemporaries to ''A Key to Uncle Tom’s Cabin'' was very similar to the reaction to ''Uncle Tom’s Cabin'', with both very positive and very negative reviews. The responses of abolitionists and Northerners in general were among the positive, lauding the documentation of the evils of slavery and the confirmation of the truth of ''Uncle Tom’s Cabin.''

The great interest in ''Uncle Tom’s Cabin'' in England also transferred to the ''Key''. One English review of the 1853 publication called it a "marvelous book, more so if possible than ''Uncle Tom’s Cabin'' itself". This same review also commends Stowe's self-control and character. This impression of Stowe and the reception of the book is very different from the reaction to the ''Key'' in the South.

The pro-slavery response to the ''Key'' paralleled the response to ''Uncle Tom's Cabin''. Despite Stowe's use of documented examples, most Southern reviews still claimed that Stowe was misrepresenting slavery and exaggerating the cruelty of the institution. A review in the ''Southern Literary Messenger'' called the ''Key'' a "distortion of the facts and mutilation of the records, for the sake of giving substance to the scandalous fancy, and reduplicating the falsehood of the representation".Simms, William Gilmore. "Stowe's ''Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin''". ''The Southern Quarterly Review'' 8.15 (July 1853): 214–254. Rpt. in ''Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism''. Ed. Laurie Lanzen Harris. Vol. 3.
Although these reviews claimed that Stowe was misrepresenting slavery, they did not accuse Stowe of using false documentation. Rather they claimed that the examples that Stowe provided are the most extreme instances, which she gathered to give the worst possible impression of the institution of slavery, and of the South. One critic, William Simms, accused her of using faulty argumentation by gathering facts to prove her assumption, instead of forming assumptions based on facts.

Another pro-slavery response to both ''Uncle Tom's Cabin'' and ''A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin'' was attacks on Stowe's character. Many reviews made insinuations about what sort of woman Stowe must be to write about such events as were found in the ''Key''. A review by George Holmes questioned whether "scenes of license and impurity, and ideas of loathsome depravity and habitual prostitution reto be made the cherished topics of the female pen"; he appealed to women, especially Southern women, not to read Stowe's works.

Despite the attacks from pro-slavery reviewers, ''A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin'' sold well: 90,000 copies in the first month, a clear best-seller.Geary, Susan. "Harriet Beecher Stowe, John P. Jewett, and Author-Publisher Relations in 1853". ''Studies in the American Renaissance''. Ed. Joel Myerson. Boston: Twayne, 1977. 345–367.

References

Further reading

* Otter, Samuel. "Stowe and Race". ''The Cambridge Companion to Harriet Beecher Stowe''. Ed. Cindy Weinstein. Cambridge Companions to Literature (Cctl). Cambridge, England: Cambridge UP, 2004. 15–38. , .

External links

Full text of ''A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin''
(1854 edition) at the electronic text center of the University of Virginia. It is part o
"''Uncle Tom's Cabin'' and American Culture: A Multimedia Archive"
directed by Stephen Railton. Accessed July 22, 2006.
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Key To Uncle Tom's Cabin, A
1853 non-fiction books
Uncle Tom's Cabin
American non-fiction books
Non-fiction books about American slavery
Works by Harriet Beecher Stowe