A03A Drugs for
functional gastrointestinal disorder Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID), also known as disorders of gut–brain interaction, include a number of separate idiopathic disorders which affect different parts of the gastrointestinal tract and involve visceral hypersensitivity ...
s

A03AA Synthetic
anticholinergic Anticholinergics (anticholinergic agents) are substances that block the action of the neurotransmitter called acetylcholine (ACh) at synapses in the central and peripheral nervous system. These agents inhibit the parasympathetic nervous sys ...
s,
ester In chemistry, an ester is a compound derived from an oxoacid (organic or inorganic) in which at least one hydroxyl group () is replaced by an alkoxy group (), as in the substitution reaction of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. Glycerides a ...
s with tertiary amino group

:A03AA01 Oxyphencyclimine :A03AA03 Camylofin :A03AA04 Mebeverine :A03AA05 Trimebutine :A03AA06 Rociverine :A03AA07

Dicycloverine Dicycloverine, also known as dicyclomine, sold under the brand name Bentyl in the US, is a medication that is used to treat spasms of the intestines such as occur in irritable bowel syndrome. It is taken by mouth or by injection into a muscle. ...

:A03AA08 Dihexyverine :A03AA09 Difemerine :A03AA30 Piperidolate

A03AB Synthetic anticholinergics, quaternary ammonium compounds

:A03AB01 Benzilone :A03AB02 Glycopyrronium bromide :A03AB03 Oxyphenonium :A03AB04 Penthienate :A03AB05 Propantheline :A03AB06 Otilonium bromide :A03AB07 Methantheline :A03AB08 Tridihexethyl :A03AB09 Isopropamide :A03AB10 Hexocyclium :A03AB11 Poldine :A03AB12

Mepenzolate Mepenzolate is an antimuscarinic A muscarinic receptor antagonist (MRA) is a type of anticholinergic agent that blocks the activity of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. The muscarinic receptor is a protein involved in the transmission of ...

:A03AB13 Bevonium :A03AB14

Pipenzolate Pipenzolate bromide is an antimuscarinic. It binds to muscarinic acetylcholine receptors as an antagonist therefore preventing acetylcholine Acetylcholine (ACh) is an organic chemical that functions in the brain and body of many types of an ...

:A03AB15 Diphemanil :A03AB16 (2-benzhydryloxyethyl)diethyl-methylammonium iodide :A03AB17 Tiemonium iodide :A03AB18 Prifinium bromide :A03AB19 Timepidium bromide :A03AB21 Fenpiverinium :A03AB53 Oxyphenonium, combinations :QA03AB90 Benzetimide :QA03AB92

Carbachol Carbachol, also known as carbamylcholine and sold under the brand name Miostat among others, is a cholinomimetic drug that binds and activates acetylcholine receptors. Thus it is classified as a cholinergic agonist. It is primarily used for va ...

:QA03AB93 Neostigmin

A03AC Synthetic
antispasmodic An antispasmodic (synonym: spasmolytic) is a pharmaceutical drug or other agent that suppresses muscle spasms. Smooth muscle spasm One type of antispasmodics is used for smooth muscle relaxation, especially in tubular organs of the gastrointest ...
s, amides with tertiary amines

:A03AC02 Dimethylaminopropionylphenothiazine :A03AC04 Nicofetamide :A03AC05 Tiropramide

A03AD
Papaverine Papaverine (Latin '' papaver'', "poppy") is an opium alkaloid antispasmodic drug, used primarily in the treatment of visceral spasms and vasospasms (especially those involving the intestines, heart, or brain), occasionally in the treatment of e ...
and derivatives

:A03AD01

Papaverine Papaverine (Latin '' papaver'', "poppy") is an opium alkaloid antispasmodic drug, used primarily in the treatment of visceral spasms and vasospasms (especially those involving the intestines, heart, or brain), occasionally in the treatment of e ...

:A03AD02 Drotaverine :A03AD30

Moxaverine Moxaverine has been used in therapy based on the direct vasodilatory effect of the drug, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, and on its influence on the rheological properties of red blood cells. Moxaverine hydrochloride (Kollateral forte®, Ursapharm ...

A03AE Serotonin receptor antagonists

:A03AE01

Alosetron Alosetron, sold under the brand name Lotronex among others, is a 5-HT3 antagonist used for the management of severe diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in females only. It was patented in 1987 and approved for medical use in 2 ...

:A03AE03 Cilansetron

A03AX Other drugs for functional gastrointestinal disorders

:A03AX01 Fenpiprane :A03AX02 Diisopromine :A03AX03 Chlorbenzoxamine :A03AX04

Pinaverium Pinaverium bromide ( INN) is a medication used for functional gastrointestinal disorders. It belongs to a drug group called antispasmodics and acts as a calcium channel blocker in helping to restore the normal contraction process of the bowel. ...

:A03AX05 Fenoverine :A03AX06 Idanpramine :A03AX07 Proxazole :A03AX08

Alverine Alverine is a drug used for functional gastrointestinal disorders. Alverine is a smooth muscle relaxant. Smooth muscle is a type of muscle that is not under voluntary control; it is the muscle present in places such as the gut and uterus. A ...

:A03AX09 Trepibutone :A03AX10

Isometheptene Isometheptene (usually as isometheptene mucate) is a sympathomimetic amine sometimes used in the treatment of migraines and tension headaches due to its vasoconstricting properties; that is, it causes constriction (narrowing) of blood vessels (a ...

:A03AX11

Caroverine Caroverine (Spasmium, Tinnitin, Tinnex) is a muscle-relaxing drug used in Austria and Switzerland to relieve spasms in smooth muscles (which include intestines, arteries, and other organs), and the use in those countries was extended to aid wi ...

:A03AX12

Phloroglucinol Phloroglucinol is an organic compound with the formula C6H3(OH)3. It is a colorless solid. It is used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and explosives. Phloroglucinol is one of three isomeric benzenetriols. The other two isomers are hydroxyqu ...

:A03AX13

Silicones A silicone or polysiloxane is a polymer made up of siloxane (−R2Si−O−SiR2−, where R = organic group). They are typically colorless oils or rubber-like substances. Silicones are used in sealants, adhesives, lubricants, medicine, cookin ...

:A03AX14 Valethamate :A03AX15 Menthae piperitae aetheroleum :A03AX30 Trimethyldiphenylpropylamine :A03AX58 Alverine, combinations :QA03AX63 Silicones, combinations :QA03AX90 Physiostigmin :QA03AX91 Macrogol ricinoleat (NFN)

A03B Belladonna and derivatives, plain

A03BA Belladonna alkaloids, tertiary amines

:A03BA01 Atropine :A03BA03 Hyoscyamine :A03BA04 Belladonna total alkaloids

A03BB Belladonna alkaloids, semisynthetic, quaternary ammonium compounds

:A03BB01

Butylscopolamine Hyoscine butylbromide, also known as scopolamine butylbromide and sold under the brandname Buscopan among others, is an anticholinergic medication used to treat crampy abdominal pain, esophageal spasms, renal colic, and bladder spasms. It is a ...

:A03BB02 Methylatropine :A03BB03 Methylscopolamine :A03BB04 Fentonium :A03BB05 Cimetropium bromide :A03BB06

Homatropine methylbromide Homatropine methylbromide (INN; also known as methylhomatropine bromide) is a quaternary ammonium salt of methylhomatropine. It is a peripherally acting anticholinergic medication that inhibits muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and thus the par ...

A03C
Antispasmodic An antispasmodic (synonym: spasmolytic) is a pharmaceutical drug or other agent that suppresses muscle spasms. Smooth muscle spasm One type of antispasmodics is used for smooth muscle relaxation, especially in tubular organs of the gastrointest ...
s in combination with
psycholeptic In pharmacology, a psycholeptic is a medication which produces a calming effect upon a person. Such medications include barbiturates, benzodiazepines, nonbenzodiazepines, phenothiazines, opiates/opioids, carbamates, ethanol, 2-methyl-2-butanol, GH ...
s

A03CA Synthetic
anticholinergic Anticholinergics (anticholinergic agents) are substances that block the action of the neurotransmitter called acetylcholine (ACh) at synapses in the central and peripheral nervous system. These agents inhibit the parasympathetic nervous sys ...
agents in combination with
psycholeptic In pharmacology, a psycholeptic is a medication which produces a calming effect upon a person. Such medications include barbiturates, benzodiazepines, nonbenzodiazepines, phenothiazines, opiates/opioids, carbamates, ethanol, 2-methyl-2-butanol, GH ...
s

:A03CA01 Isopropamide and psycholeptics :A03CA02 Clidinium and psycholeptics :A03CA03 Oxyphencyclimine and psycholeptics :A03CA04 Otilonium bromide and psycholeptics :A03CA05

Glycopyrronium Glycopyrronium bromide is a medication of the muscarinic anticholinergic group. It does not cross the blood–brain barrier and consequently has few to no central effects. It is available in oral, intravenous, topical, and inhaled forms. It is a ...

and psycholeptics :A03CA06 Bevonium and psycholeptics :A03CA07 Ambutonium and psycholeptics :A03CA08 Diphemanil and psycholeptics :A03CA09

and psycholeptics :A03CA30 Emepronium and psycholeptics :A03CA34 Propantheline and psycholeptics

A03CB Belladonna and derivatives in combination with psycholeptics

:A03CB01 Methylscopolamine and psycholeptics :A03CB02 Belladonna total alkaloids and psycholeptics :A03CB03 Atropine and psycholeptics :A03CB04

and psycholeptics :A03CB31 Hyoscyamine and psycholeptics

A03CC Other antispasmodics in combination with psycholeptics

A03D Antispasmodics in combination with analgesics

A03DA Synthetic anticholinergic agents in combination with analgesics

:A03DA01 Tropenzilone and analgesics :A03DA02 Pitofenone and analgesics :A03DA03 Bevonium and analgesics :A03DA04 Ciclonium and analgesics :A03DA05 Camylofin and analgesics :A03DA06 Trospium and analgesics :A03DA07 Tiemonium iodide and analgesics

A03DB Belladonna and derivatives in combination with analgesics

:A03DB04

and analgesics

A03DC Other antispasmodics in combination with analgesics

A03E Antispasmodics and anticholinergics in combination with other drugs

A03EA Antispasmodics, psycholeptics and analgesics in combination

A03ED Antispasmodics in combination with other drugs

A03F Propulsives

A03FA Propulsives

:A03FA01

Metoclopramide Metoclopramide is a medication used for stomach and esophageal problems. It is commonly used to treat and prevent nausea and vomiting, to help with emptying of the stomach in people with delayed stomach emptying, and to help with gastroesoph ...

:A03FA02

Cisapride Cisapride is a gastroprokinetic agent, a drug that increases motility in the upper gastrointestinal tract. It acts directly as a serotonin 5-HT4 receptor agonist and indirectly as a parasympathomimetic. Stimulation of the serotonin receptors in ...

:A03FA03

Domperidone Domperidone, sold under the brand name Motilium among others, is a dopamine antagonist medication which is used to treat nausea and vomiting and certain gastrointestinal problems like gastroparesis (delayed gastric emptying). It raises the le ...

:A03FA04 Bromopride :A03FA05

Alizapride Alizapride (Litican, Plitican, Superan, Vergentan) is a dopamine antagonist with prokinetic and antiemetic effects used in the treatment of nausea and vomiting, including postoperative nausea and vomiting. It is structurally related to metoclo ...

:A03FA06

Clebopride Clebopride is a dopamine antagonist drug with antiemetic and prokinetic properties used to treat functional gastrointestinal disorders. Chemically, it is a substituted benzamide, closely related to metoclopramide. A small Spanish study found th ...

:A03FA07

Itopride Itopride ( INN; brand name Ganaton) is a prokinetic benzamide derivative. These drugs inhibit dopamine and acetylcholine esterase enzyme and have a gastrokinetic effect. Itopride is indicated for the treatment of functional dyspepsia and other ...

:A03FA08

Cinitapride Cinitapride (trade names Cintapro, Pemix) is a gastroprokinetic agent and antiemetic agent of the benzamide class which is marketed in India, Mexico, Pakistan and Spain. It acts as an agonist of the 5-HT1 and 5-HT4 receptors and as an antagoni ...

:A03FA09

Mosapride Mosapride is a gastroprokinetic agent that acts as a selective 5HT4 agonist. The major active metabolite of mosapride, known as M1, additionally acts as a 5HT3 antagonist, which accelerates gastric emptying throughout the whole of the gastroin ...

:QA03FA90 Physiostigmine

References

{{Drugs for functional gastrointestinal disorders A03