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In
software engineering Software engineering is a systematic engineering approach to software development. A software engineer is a person who applies the principles of software engineering to design, develop, maintain, test, and evaluate computer software. The term '' ...
, architecture tradeoff analysis method (ATAM) is a risk-mitigation process used early in the
software development life cycle In software engineering, a software development process is a process of dividing software development work into smaller, parallel, or sequential steps or sub-processes to improve design, product management. It is also known as a software devel ...
. ATAM was developed by the Software Engineering Institute at the
Carnegie Mellon University Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) is a private research university in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. One of its predecessors was established in 1900 by Andrew Carnegie as the Carnegie Technical Schools; it became the Carnegie Institute of Technology ...
. Its purpose is to help choose a suitable
architecture Architecture is the art and technique of designing and building, as distinguished from the skills associated with construction. It is both the process and the product of sketching, conceiving, planning, designing, and constructing building ...
for a software system by discovering trade-offs and sensitivity points. ATAM is most beneficial when done early in the software development life-cycle, when the cost of changing architectures is minimal.


ATAM benefits

The following are some of the benefits of the ATAM process: * identified risks early in the life cycle * increased communication among stakeholders * clarified quality attribute requirements * improved architecture documentation * documented basis for architectural decisions


ATAM process

The ATAM process consists of gathering stakeholders together to analyze business drivers (system functionality, goals, constraints, desired non-functional properties) and from these drivers extract quality attributes that are used to create scenarios. These scenarios are then used in conjunction with architectural approaches and architectural decisions to create an analysis of trade-offs, sensitivity points, and risks (or non-risks). This analysis can be converted to risk themes and their impacts whereupon the process can be repeated. With every analysis cycle, the analysis process proceeds from the more general to the more specific, examining the questions that have been discovered in the previous cycle, until such time as the architecture has been fine-tuned and the risk themes have been addressed.


Steps of the ATAM process

ATAM formally consists of nine steps, outlined below: #Present ATAM – Present the concept of ATAM to the stakeholders, and answer any questions about the process. #Present business drivers – everyone in the process presents and evaluates the business drivers for the system in question. #Present the architecture – the architect presents the high-level architecture to the team, with an 'appropriate level of detail' #Identify architectural approaches – different architectural approaches to the system are presented by the team, and discussed. #Generate quality attribute utility tree – define the core business and technical requirements of the system, and map them to an appropriate architectural property. Present a scenario for this given requirement. #Analyze architectural approaches – Analyze each scenario, rating them by priority. The architecture is then evaluated against each scenario. #Brainstorm and prioritize scenarios – among the larger stakeholder group, present the current scenarios, and expand. #Analyze architectural approaches – Perform step 6 again with the added knowledge of the larger stakeholder community. #Present results – provide all documentation to the stakeholders. These steps are separated in two phases: Phase 1 consists of steps 1-6 and after this phase, the state and context of the project, the driving architectural requirements and the state of the architectural documentation are known. Phase 2 consists of steps 7-9 and finishes the evaluation


See also

*
ilities In systems engineering and requirements engineering, a non-functional requirement (NFR) is a requirement that specifies criteria that can be used to judge the operation of a system, rather than specific behaviours. They are contrasted with functi ...
*Architecture-centric design method *
Multi-criteria decision analysis Multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) or multiple-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) is a sub-discipline of operations research that explicitly evaluates multiple conflicting criteria in decision making (both in daily life and in settings ...
*
ARID A region is arid when it severely lacks available water, to the extent of hindering or preventing the growth and development of plant and animal life. Regions with arid climates tend to lack vegetation and are called xeric or desertic. Most ar ...
* Software architecture analysis method, precursor to architecture tradeoff analysis method * Architectural analytics


References

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External links


Reduce Risk with Architecture Evaluation

ATAM: Method for Architecture Evaluation
Software architecture Enterprise architecture