The very first analog

mobile radio telephone Mobile radio telephone systems were telephone systems of a wireless type that preceded the modern cellular mobile form of telephony technology. Since they were the predecessors of the first generation of cellular telephones, these systems are so ...

Czechoslovakia , rue, Чеськословеньско, , yi, טשעכאסלאוואקיי, , common_name = Czechoslovakia , life_span = 1918–19391945–1992 , p1 = Austria-Hungary , image_p1 ...

(and in the whole

Eastern Bloc The Eastern Bloc, also known as the Communist Bloc and the Soviet Bloc, was the group of socialist states of Central and Eastern Europe, East Asia, Southeast Asia, Africa, and Latin America under the influence of the Soviet Union that existed du ...

) was AMR (sometimes AMRAD), in

Czech Czech may refer to: * Anything from or related to the Czech Republic, a country in Europe ** Czech language ** Czechs, the people of the area ** Czech culture ** Czech cuisine * One of three mythical brothers, Lech, Czech, and Rus' Places *Czech, ...

Automatizovaný městský radiotelefon (''Automated Municipal

Radiotelephone A radiotelephone (or radiophone), abbreviated RT, is a radio communication system for conducting a conversation; radiotelephony means telephony by radio. It is in contrast to '' radiotelegraphy'', which is radio transmission of telegrams (mes ...

''). The system was developed by company Tesla in

Pardubice Pardubice (; german: Pardubitz) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 89,000 inhabitants. It is the capital city of the Pardubice Region and lies on the Elbe River. The historic centre is well preserved and is protected as an Cultural monu ...

. Since 1978 it was tested in experimental mode and in 1983 it switched into full mode. At the time it was used mainly for communication between distant employees (typically in telecommunication industry). After 1989 commercial use was allowed and the network stayed until 1999 when it was stopped. The network was owned and operated by state telecom company "SPT Telecom" (later Český Telecom, then

Telefónica O2 Czech Republic O2 Czech Republic (operating under the O2 brand) is a major integrated operator in the Czech Republic. It is now operating more than six million lines, both fixed and mobile, making it one of the Czech Republic’s leading providers of fully co ...

Technical features

* The complete network has 63

base station Base station (or base radio station) is – according to the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR) – a "land station in the land mobile service." The term is used in the context of mobile telephony, wireless com ...

s and capacity for 9,999 users (4 numbers were used for identification). * Reach of base station was 15 – 25 km, the radiophones were also able to communicate directly with one another. * Three frequency bands were used: 162/167

MHz The hertz (symbol: Hz) is the unit of frequency in the International System of Units (SI), equivalent to one event (or cycle) per second. The hertz is an SI derived unit whose expression in terms of SI base units is s−1, meaning that one he ...

for the experimental network, 161/165 MHz for the country level network and 152/157 MHz for local networks. * Fixed monthly payment tariff was used, 1000 Kčs per month in 1990, because the system was unable to record call details. * Authentication of the users was added only in 1993. * There was no encryption of the transmission and it was possible to listen to the traffic on any tuned receiver (as standard radio). * The only services provided were incoming and outgoing voice calls within the country. AMR network was followed by mobile network based on

NMT NMT may refer to: Science and technology * Nordic Mobile Telephone, an analogue mobile phone system * Neurologic Music Therapy * Neural machine translation * Network management protocols, in the CANopen#Network management (NMT) protocols, CANopen ...

standard (450 MHz, on 12 September 1991, by Eurotel) and a radio-paging service (RDS) in 1992. In 1996 the first network based on

GSM The Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) is a standard developed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) to describe the protocols for second-generation ( 2G) digital cellular networks used by mobile devices such as ...

standard was started in the

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. {{DEFAULTSORT:Amr Radiotelephone Network (Czechoslovakia) Mobile radio telephone systems Science and technology in Czechoslovakia