Year 985 ( CMLXXXV) was a

common year starting on Thursday A common year starting on Thursday is any non-leap year (i.e. a year with 365 days) that begins on Thursday, 1 January, and ends on Thursday, 31 December. Its dominical letter hence is D. The most recent year of such kind was 2015 and the next one ...

(link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Europe

* Summer – Henry II (the Wrangler) is restored as duke of Bavaria by Empress Theophanu and her mother-in-law Adelaide at an '' Hoftag'' assembly in Rohr ( Thuringia). King

Otto III Otto III (June/July 980 – 23 January 1002) was Holy Roman Emperor from 996 until his death in 1002. A member of the Ottonian dynasty, Otto III was the only son of the Emperor Otto II and his wife Theophanu. Otto III was crowned as King of ...

(5-years old) remains under the regency of the two empresses in the Holy Roman Empire and in the Kingdom of Italy. *

Battle of Fýrisvellir The Battle of Fýrisvellir was fought in the 980s on the plain called Fýrisvellir, where modern Uppsala is situated, between King Eric the Victorious and an invading force. According to Norse sagas, this force was led by his nephew Styrbjörn ...

: King Eric the Victorious defeats a Swedish Viking army under

Styrbjörn the Strong Styrbjörn the Strong ( non, Styrbjǫrn Sterki ; died about 985) according to late Norse sagas was a son of the Swedish king Olof, and a nephew of Olof's co-ruler and successor Eric the Victorious, who defeated and killed Styrbjörn at the Battle ...

(his nephew) near Uppsala. * July 6 – The city of Barcelona is sacked by

Moorish The term Moor, derived from the ancient Mauri, is an exonym first used by Christian Europeans to designate the Muslim inhabitants of the Maghreb, the Iberian Peninsula, Sicily and Malta during the Middle Ages. Moors are not a distinct or se ...

troops under Al-Mansur, the '' de facto'' ruler of Al-Andalus (modern-day Spain).

England

* Lady

Wulfrun __NOTOC__ Wulfrun(a) (-) was an Anglo-Saxon (early English) noble woman of Mercia and a landowner who held estates in Staffordshire. Today she is particularly remembered for her association with ''Hēatūn'', Anglo-Saxon for "high or principal ...

, an Anglo-Saxon noblewoman, is granted land by King Æthelred II (the Unready). She founds ''Heantune'' that later becomes the city of Wolverhampton in the

West Midlands West or Occident is one of the four cardinal directions or points of the compass. It is the opposite direction from east and is the direction in which the Sun sets on the Earth. Etymology The word "west" is a Germanic word passed into some ...

Asia

* Raja Raja Chola I (considered by many as the greatest emperor of the Chola Empire) becomes ruler of the Chola Dynasty. During his reign he expands his domains beyond South India.

By topic

Exploration

* Greenland is colonized by the Icelandic Viking

Erik the Red Erik Thorvaldsson (), known as Erik the Red, was a Norse explorer, described in medieval and Icelandic saga sources as having founded the first settlement in Greenland. He most likely earned the epithet "the Red" due to the color of his hair a ...

(according to legend, but has been established as approximately correct – see History of Greenland).

Religion

* July 20 – Anti-Pope

Boniface VII Antipope Boniface VII (died 20 July 985), otherwise known as Franco Ferrucci, was a Catholic prelate who claimed the Holy See in 974 and from 984 until 985. A popular tumult compelled him to flee to Constantinople in 974; he carried off a vast tr ...

dies under suspicious circumstances at Rome. He is succeeded by

John XV John is a common English name and surname: * John (given name) * John (surname) John may also refer to: New Testament Works * Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John * First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John * Second E ...

as the 137th pope of the Catholic Church. * Amalfitan

Benedictines , image = Medalla San Benito.PNG , caption = Design on the obverse side of the Saint Benedict Medal , abbreviation = OSB , formation = , motto = (English: 'Pray and Work') , foun ...

found the only Latin Christian monastery on

Mount Athos Mount Athos (; el, Ἄθως, ) is a mountain in the distal part of the eponymous Athos peninsula and site of an important centre of Eastern Orthodox monasticism in northeastern Greece. The mountain along with the respective part of the penins ...

with the support of John the Iberian. The monastery will last until 1287.

Births

August 13 Events Pre-1600 * 29 BC – Octavian holds the first of three consecutive triumphs in Rome to celebrate the victory over the Dalmatian tribes. * 523 – John I becomes the new Pope after the death of Pope Hormisdas. * 554 – Em ...

–

Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah Abū ʿAlī Manṣūr (13 August 985 – 13 February 1021), better known by his regnal name al-Ḥākim bi-Amr Allāh ( ar, الحاكم بأمر الله, lit=The Ruler by the Order of God), was the sixth Fatimid caliph and 16th Ismaili ima ...

, Fatimid caliph (d.

1021 Year 1021 ( MXXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * November – Emperor Henry II conducts his fourth Italian military campaign. He crosses ...

) *

Adalbert Adalbert is a German given name which means "noble bright" or "noble shining", derived from the words ''adal'' (meaning noble) and ''berht'' (shining or bright). Alternative spellings include Adelbart, Adelbert and Adalberto. Derivative names inclu ...

, margrave of Austria (approximate date) * Boniface III, margrave of Tuscany (approximate date) * Gilbert Buatère, Norman nobleman (approximate date) * Gisela (or Gizella), queen of Hungary (d.

1065 Year 1065 (Roman numerals, MLXV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * December 24 – King Ferdinand I of León, Ferdinand I (the Great) di ...

) * John Gualbert, Italian monk and abbot (d.

1073 Year 1073 ( MLXXIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * Spring – Emperor Michael VII (Doukas) sends a Byzantine army to deal wi ...

) * Hamza ibn 'Ali ibn-Ahmad, founding leader of the

Druze The Druze (; ar, دَرْزِيٌّ, ' or ', , ') are an Arabic-speaking esoteric ethnoreligious group from Western Asia who adhere to the Druze faith, an Abrahamic, monotheistic, syncretic, and ethnic religion based on the teachings of ...

Maria of Amalfi Maria (985 – c. 1040) was ruling Duchess of Amalfi in co-regency with her sons twice: in 1028–29 and in 1034–39. During the reigns of her sons, she appears to have held the actual power. Life She was one of the two daughters of Pandulf II o ...

, Lombard duchess and regent *

Osmond Drengot Osmond Drengot (c. 985 – 1 October 1018) was one of the first Norman adventurers in the Mezzogiorno. He was the son of a petty, but rich, lord of Carreaux, at Bosc-Hyons in the region of Rouen. Carreaux gives his family the alternate name o ...

, Norman nobleman (approximate date) * Pilgrim, archbishop of Cologne (approximate date) * Radbot, German nobleman (approximate date) * Rodulfus Glaber, French monk and

chronicle A chronicle ( la, chronica, from Greek ''chroniká'', from , ''chrónos'' – "time") is a historical account of events arranged in chronological order, as in a timeline. Typically, equal weight is given for historically important events and lo ...

r (d.

1047 Year 1047 (Roman numerals, MXLVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * September 25–September 28, 28 – Rebel general Leo T ...

) * Theobald II, French nobleman (approximate date) * Wazo, bishop of

Liège Liège ( , , ; wa, Lîdje ; nl, Luik ; german: Lüttich ) is a major city and municipality of Wallonia and the capital of the Belgian province of Liège. The city is situated in the valley of the Meuse, in the east of Belgium, not far from b ...

(approximate date) * Zhao Yuanyan, prince of the Song Dynasty (d.

1044 Year 1044 ( MXLIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * July 6 – Battle of Ménfő: German troops, under King Henry III (the Black), defeat the Hungarian army, led by King Samue ...

)

Deaths

* January 31 – Ryōgen, Japanese monk and abbot (b.

912 Year 912 ( CMXII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. __NOTOC__ Events By place Byzantine Empire * May 11 – Emperor Leo VI (the Wise) dies after a 26-year reign in wh ...

) * June 26 –

Ramiro III Ramiro is a Spanish and Portuguese name. Notable people with the name include: Given name * Ramiro I of Asturias (c. 790–850), king of Asturias * Ramiro II of León (c. 900–951), king of Leon * Ramiro III of León (961–985), king of Leo ...

, king of León ( Spain) (b. 961) * July 20 –

, antipope of the Catholic Church * August 25 – Dietrich of Haldensleben, German margrave * Basil Lekapenos, Byzantine chief minister (b.

925 Year 925 ( CMXXV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * May 15 – Nicholas I Mystikos, twice the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantin ...

) *

Chen Hongjin Chen Hongjin () (914–985), courtesy name Jichuan (), formally Duke Zhongshun of Qi (), was a warlord late in the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period, who controlled Qingyuan Circuit (headquartered in modern Quanzhou, Fujian). After a ...

, Chinese warlord and general (b. 914) * Herbert III (the Old), Frankish nobleman (b.

910 Year 910 ( CMX) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. __NOTOC__ Events By place Europe * June 12 – Battle of Augsburg: The Hungarians defeat the East Frankish army under ...

) * Hywel ap Ieuaf, king of

Gwynedd Gwynedd (; ) is a county and preserved county (latter with differing boundaries; includes the Isle of Anglesey) in the north-west of Wales. It shares borders with Powys, Conwy County Borough, Denbighshire, Anglesey over the Menai Strait, and C ...

( Wales) * Judith, duchess regent of Bavaria (b.

) * Kishi Joō, Japanese female waka poet (b.

929 Year 929 ( CMXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * January 16 – Emir Abd-al-Rahman III of Córdoba proclaims himself caliph and create ...

) *

Marzuban ibn Muhammad Marzuban ibn Muhammad (died 957) was the Sallarid ruler of Azerbaijan (941/42–957). He was the son of Muhammad bin Musafir, the ruler of Tarum. Takeover of Azerbaijan In 941 Marzuban and his brother Wahsudan ibn Muhammad, with the tacit approva ...

, Shaddadid emir *

Muirgus mac Domnaill Muirgus mac Domnaill (died 985) was 35th King of Uí Maine. Muirgus's time is not noted in the Irish annals A number of Irish annals, of which the earliest was the Chronicle of Ireland, were compiled up to and shortly after the end of the 1 ...

, king of

Uí Maine U or u, is the twenty-first and sixth-to-last letter and fifth vowel letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''u'' (pro ...

( Ireland) * Rikdag, margrave of

Meissen Meissen (in German orthography: ''Meißen'', ) is a town of approximately 30,000 about northwest of Dresden on both banks of the Elbe river in the Free State of Saxony, in eastern Germany. Meissen is the home of Meissen porcelain, the Albrecht ...

( Germany) *

Tornike Eristavi Tornike Eristavi () also known as John Tornikios; el, Ιωάννης Τορνίκιος) (died in 985) was a retired Georgian general and monk who came to be better known as a founder of the formerly Georgian Orthodox Iviron Monastery on Mount A ...

, Georgian general and monk * Harold II (Bluetooth), king of Denmark and Norway

References

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