The 8th century is the period from
701
__NOTOC__
Year 701 ( DCCI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 701 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era ...
(
DCCI) through
800 (
DCCC) in accordance with the
Julian Calendar. The coast of
North Africa and the
Iberian Peninsula quickly came under
Islamic
Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God (or '' Allah'') as it was revealed to Muhammad, the mai ...
Arab domination. The westward expansion of the
Umayyad Empire
The Umayyad Caliphate (661–750 CE; , ; ar, ٱلْخِلَافَة ٱلْأُمَوِيَّة, al-Khilāfah al-ʾUmawīyah) was the second of the four major caliphates established after the death of Muhammad. The caliphate was ruled by the ...
was famously halted at the
siege of Constantinople by the
Byzantine Empire and the
Battle of Tours by the
Franks. The tide of Arab conquest came to an end in the middle of the 8th century.
[Roberts, J., '']History of the World
Human history, also called world history, is the narrative of humanity's past. It is understood and studied through anthropology, archaeology, genetics, and linguistics. Since the invention of writing, human history has been studied through ...
'', Penguin, 1994.
In Europe, late in the century, the
Vikings, seafaring peoples from
Scandinavia, begin raiding the coasts of
Europe and the
Mediterranean, and go on to found several important
kingdoms.
In Asia, the
Pala Empire is founded in
Bengal. The
Tang dynasty reaches its pinnacle under
Chinese
Chinese can refer to:
* Something related to China
* Chinese people, people of Chinese nationality, citizenship, and/or ethnicity
**''Zhonghua minzu'', the supra-ethnic concept of the Chinese nation
** List of ethnic groups in China, people of va ...
Emperor Xuanzong. The
Nara period begins in
Japan
Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...
.
Events
* Estimated century in which the poem
Beowulf
''Beowulf'' (; ang, Bēowulf ) is an Old English epic poem in the tradition of Germanic heroic legend consisting of 3,182 alliterative lines. It is one of the most important and most often translated works of Old English literature. The ...
is composed.
* Classical
Maya civilization begins to decline.
* The
Kombumerri burial grounds are founded.
* The first
Serbian
Serbian may refer to:
* someone or something related to Serbia, a country in Southeastern Europe
* someone or something related to the Serbs, a South Slavic people
* Serbian language
* Serbian names
See also
*
*
* Old Serbian (disambiguat ...
state is formed at the beginning of the century.
* Buddhist
Jataka stories are translated into
Syriac and
Arabic as
Kalilag and Damnag
The ''Panchatantra'' (IAST: Pañcatantra, ISO: Pañcatantra, sa, पञ्चतन्त्र, "Five Treatises") is an ancient Indian collection of interrelated animal fables in Sanskrit verse and prose, arranged within a frame story. ...
.
* An account of
Buddha's life is translated into
Greek by Saint
John of Damascus
John of Damascus ( ar, يوحنا الدمشقي, Yūḥanna ad-Dimashqī; gr, Ἰωάννης ὁ Δαμασκηνός, Ioánnēs ho Damaskēnós, ; la, Ioannes Damascenus) or John Damascene was a Christian monk, priest, hymnographer, and a ...
, and widely circulated to
Christians as the story of
Barlaam and Josaphat.
* Height of the
Classic period
Mesoamerican chronology divides the history of prehispanic Mesoamerica into several periods: the Paleo-Indian (first human habitation until 3500 BCE); the Archaic (before 2600 BCE), the Preclassic or Formative (2500 BCE –  ...
in
pre-Columbian Maya civilization history.
* Śāntideva, a Buddhist monk at Nalanda Monastery in India, composes the famous Bodhicharyāvatāra, or ''Guide to the Bodhisattva's Way of Life''.
* The height of the
Giant Wild Goose Pagoda in
Xi'an, China is extended by 5 stories.
*
701
__NOTOC__
Year 701 ( DCCI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 701 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era ...
: The
Taihō Code is enacted in late
Asuka period Japan.
*
705: Death of Arab caliph
Abd al-Malik
Abdul Malik ( ar, عبد الملك) is an Arabic (Muslim or Christian) male given name and, in modern usage, surname. It is built from the Arabic words '' Abd'', ''al-'' and '' Malik''. The name means "servant of the King", in the Christian insta ...
, his succession by his nominated heir and elder son
al-Walid.
* 705: Overthrow of Empress
Wu Zetian, the reign of
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...
's first and only sole-ruling empress ends.
*
705:
Justinian II is forced to give the title Caesar of Byzantium to the Bulgarian Emperor
Tervel. The Byzantine Empire begins to pay annual tributes to Bulgaria.
*
708
__NOTOC__
Year 708 ( DCCVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 708 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era b ...
–
711 711 may refer to:
* 711 (number), a natural number
* AD 711, a year of the 8th century AD
* 711 BC, a year of the 8th century BC
* 7-1-1, the telephone number of the Telecommunications Relay Service in the United States and Canada
* 7-Eleven, a cha ...
: The Bulgarians defeat Justinian II at the
Battle of Anchialus. An Arab Umayyad army under
Muhammad ibn al-Qasim invades
Sindh
Sindh (; ; ur, , ; historically romanized as Sind) is one of the four provinces of Pakistan. Located in the southeastern region of the country, Sindh is the third-largest province of Pakistan by land area and the second-largest province ...
in northern India.
[Roberts, J., ''History of the World'', Penguin, 1994.]
*
710:
Empress Genmei moves the capital to
Heijō-kyū (present day
Nara), initiating the Nara period of Japan.
*
711 711 may refer to:
* 711 (number), a natural number
* AD 711, a year of the 8th century AD
* 711 BC, a year of the 8th century BC
* 7-1-1, the telephone number of the Telecommunications Relay Service in the United States and Canada
* 7-Eleven, a cha ...
:
Palenque is conquered by
Toniná.
*
711 711 may refer to:
* 711 (number), a natural number
* AD 711, a year of the 8th century AD
* 711 BC, a year of the 8th century BC
* 7-1-1, the telephone number of the Telecommunications Relay Service in the United States and Canada
* 7-Eleven, a cha ...
:
Tariq ibn Ziyad crosses the Straits of Gibraltar.
With the creation of
Al-Andalus, most of the
Iberian Peninsula is conquered by
Arab and
Berber
Berber or Berbers may refer to:
Ethnic group
* Berbers, an ethnic group native to Northern Africa
* Berber languages, a family of Afro-Asiatic languages
Places
* Berber, Sudan, a town on the Nile
People with the surname
* Ady Berber (1913–196 ...
Muslims, thus ending the
Visigothic rule, and beginning almost eight centuries of Muslim rule.
*
712
__NOTOC__
Year 712 ( DCCXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 712 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era be ...
:
Liutprand, King of the Lombards
Liutprand was the king of the Lombards from 712 to 744 and is chiefly remembered for his multiple phases of law-giving, in fifteen separate sessions from 713 to 735 inclusive, and his long reign, which brought him into a series of conflicts, mos ...
begins his reign (until
744
__NOTOC__
Year 744 ( DCCXLIV) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 744 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar e ...
).
* c.
712
__NOTOC__
Year 712 ( DCCXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 712 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era be ...
: Metropolitan episcopal see is established by the
Church of the East
The Church of the East ( syc, ܥܕܬܐ ܕܡܕܢܚܐ, ''ʿĒḏtā d-Maḏenḥā'') or the East Syriac Church, also called the Church of Seleucia-Ctesiphon, the Persian Church, the Assyrian Church, the Babylonian Church or the Nestorian C ...
in Chinese capital of
Chang'an.
*
712
__NOTOC__
Year 712 ( DCCXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 712 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era be ...
–
756:
Emperor Xuanzong reigned, the time was considered one of
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...
's high points.
*
712
__NOTOC__
Year 712 ( DCCXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 712 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era be ...
–
740
__NOTOC__
Year 740 ( DCCXL) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar, the 740th year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 740th year of the 1st millennium, th ...
:
Caliphate campaigns in India
In the first half of the 8th century CE, a series of battles took place between the Umayyad Caliphate and kingdoms to the east of the Indus river, in the Indian subcontinent.
Subsequent to the Arab conquest of Sindh in present-day Pakistan in ...
*
713
__NOTOC__
Year 713 ( DCCXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 713 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era ...
: Death of
Dajian Huineng
Dajian Huineng (); (February 27, 638 – August 28, 713), also commonly known as the Sixth Patriarch or Sixth Ancestor of Chan Buddhism, Chan (Traditional Chinese characters, traditional Chinese: 禪宗六祖), is a semi-legendary but central fig ...
, sixth and last Patriarch of
Chán Buddhism
Chan (; of ), from Sanskrit '' dhyāna'' (meaning "meditation" or "meditative state"), is a Chinese school of Mahāyāna Buddhism. It developed in China from the 6th century CE onwards, becoming especially popular during the Tang and So ...
.
*
713
__NOTOC__
Year 713 ( DCCXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 713 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era ...
:
Treaty of Tudmir
A treaty is a formal, legally binding written agreement between actors in international law. It is usually made by and between sovereign states, but can include international organizations, individuals, business entities, and other legal perso ...
, signed between Abd al-'Aziz, the commander of Muslim troops invaidibng Spain and Theodemir, the Christian king of a southern region is Spain.
*
715
__NOTOC__
Year 715 ( DCCXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 715 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era ...
: Death of
al-Walid I
Al-Walid ibn Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan ( ar, الوليد بن عبد الملك بن مروان, al-Walīd ibn ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Marwān; ), commonly known as al-Walid I ( ar, الوليد الأول), was the sixth Umayyad Caliphate, Umayyad ca ...
and he was succeeded by his brother
Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik
Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik ( ar, سليمان بن عبد الملك, Sulaymān ibn ʿAbd al-Malik, – 24 September 717) was the seventh Umayyad caliph, ruling from 24 February 715 until his death. He began his career as governor of Palestine, wh ...
.
*
716
__NOTOC__
Year 716 ( DCCXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 716 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar er ...
:
Sanjaya ascends the throne to be the first king of the
Mataram Kingdom.
*
717
__NOTOC__
Year 717 ( DCCXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 717 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar er ...
: Death of caliph
Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik
Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik ( ar, سليمان بن عبد الملك, Sulaymān ibn ʿAbd al-Malik, – 24 September 717) was the seventh Umayyad caliph, ruling from 24 February 715 until his death. He began his career as governor of Palestine, wh ...
and his succession by his cousin and nominated heir
Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz.
*
717
__NOTOC__
Year 717 ( DCCXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 717 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar er ...
–
718
__NOTOC__
Year 718 ( DCCXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 718 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar ...
:
Siege of Constantinople. The
Bulgarians and the
Byzantines decisively defeat the invading Arabs, thus halting the Arab advance toward Europe.
*
718
__NOTOC__
Year 718 ( DCCXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 718 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar ...
:
Sri Indravarman King of
Srivijaya
Srivijaya ( id, Sriwijaya) was a Buddhist thalassocratic empire based on the island of Sumatra (in modern-day Indonesia), which influenced much of Southeast Asia. Srivijaya was an important centre for the expansion of Buddhism from the 7th t ...
send a letter to the Caliph
Umar bin Abdul Aziz
Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz ( ar, عمر بن عبد العزيز, ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz; 2 November 680 – ), commonly known as Umar II (), was the eighth Umayyad caliph. He made various significant contributions and reforms to the society, and ...
of the
Umayyad Caliphate in
Damascus
)), is an adjective which means "spacious".
, motto =
, image_flag = Flag of Damascus.svg
, image_seal = Emblem of Damascus.svg
, seal_type = Seal
, map_caption =
, ...
, signing early ancient Indonesian official contact with Islamic world in the Middle East.
*
720
__NOTOC__
Year 720 ( DCCXX) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 720 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era ...
: Death of caliph
Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz and succession of his cousin
Yazid II on 4th February 720.
*
724
__NOTOC__
Year 724 ( DCCXXIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 724 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era ...
: Death of caliph
Yazid II and he was succeeded by his brother and nominated heir
Hisham
Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik ( ar, هشام بن عبد الملك, Hishām ibn ʿAbd al-Malik; 691 – 6 February 743) was the tenth Umayyad caliph, ruling from 724 until his death in 743.
Early life
Hisham was born in Damascus, the administrat ...
.
*
726
__NOTOC__
Year 726 ( DCCXXVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 726 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar er ...
:
Byzantine Emperor Leo III the Isaurian destroys the icon of Christ above the
Chalke Gate in the capital city of
Constantinople, beginning the first phase of the
Byzantine Iconoclasm.
*
731: Bede completes his ''
Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum
The ''Ecclesiastical History of the English People'' ( la, Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum), written by Bede in about AD 731, is a history of the Christian Churches in England, and of England generally; its main focus is on the conflict be ...
'' (''Ecclesiastical History of the English People'').
*
732
__NOTOC__
Year 732 ( DCCXXXII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 732 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era ...
:
Battle of Tours. Near Poitiers, France, leader of the Franks Charles Martel and his men defeat a large army of Moors under the governor of Cordoba, Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi, who is killed during the battle. The Battle of Tours halts the advance of Islam into Western Europe and establishes a balance of power between Western Europe, Islam and the Byzantine Empire.
*
732
__NOTOC__
Year 732 ( DCCXXXII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 732 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era ...
: The
Sanjaya dynasty is founded around this time according to the
Canggal inscription.
[ Miksic (1997)]
*
738
__NOTOC__
Year 738 ( DCCXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 738 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini cale ...
:
Quiriguá declares independence from
Copan
*
740
__NOTOC__
Year 740 ( DCCXL) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar, the 740th year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 740th year of the 1st millennium, th ...
:
Battle of Akroinon. Byzantines win their first large-scale victory in a pitched battle against the Arabs.
*
742
__NOTOC__
Year 742 ( DCCXLII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 742 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era ...
: For the
municipal census of the
Tang-dynasty
The Tang dynasty (, ; zh, t= ), or Tang Empire, was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907 AD, with an Zhou dynasty (690–705), interregnum between 690 and 705. It was preceded by the Sui dyn ...
Chinese capital city
Chang'an and its
metropolitan area
A metropolitan area or metro is a region that consists of a densely populated urban agglomeration and its surrounding territories sharing industries, commercial areas, transport network, infrastructures and housing. A metro area usually com ...
of Jingzhou Fu (including small towns in the vicinity), the
New Book of Tang
The ''New Book of Tang'', generally translated as the "New History of the Tang" or "New Tang History", is a work of official history covering the Tang dynasty in ten volumes and 225 chapters. The work was compiled by a team of scholars of the So ...
records that in this year there were 362,921 registered families with 1,960,188 persons.
*
743
__NOTOC__
Year 743 ( DCCXLIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 743 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar ...
: Death of Arab caliph
Hisham
Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik ( ar, هشام بن عبد الملك, Hishām ibn ʿAbd al-Malik; 691 – 6 February 743) was the tenth Umayyad caliph, ruling from 724 until his death in 743.
Early life
Hisham was born in Damascus, the administrat ...
and succession of his nephew and heir
Al-Walid II
Al-Walīd ibn Yazīd (709 – 17 April 744) ( ar, الوليد بن يزيد) usually known simply as Al-Walid II was an Umayyad Caliph who ruled from 743 until his assassination in the year 744. He succeeded his uncle, Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik.
...
.
*
744
__NOTOC__
Year 744 ( DCCXLIV) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 744 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar e ...
:
Assassination of Al-Walid II, Succession of
Yazid III to the
Caliphal throne on 17 April 744.
*
744
__NOTOC__
Year 744 ( DCCXLIV) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 744 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar e ...
Death of Yazid III and his succession by his brother and nominated heir
Ibrahim ibn al-Walid. On 4th December Ibrahim was forced to Abdicate in favour
Marwan II.
*
748
__NOTOC__
Year 748 ( DCCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 748 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calenda ...
: The Chinese
Buddhist monk Jian Zhen writes in his ''Yue Jue Shu'' of the international sea traffic coming to
Guangzhou, ships from Borneo, Persia, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, and others bringing tons of goods.
*
750
__NOTOC__
Year 750 ( DCCL) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 750 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era ...
: The last
Umayyad Caliph Marwan II (
744
__NOTOC__
Year 744 ( DCCXLIV) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 744 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar e ...
–750) is overthrown and executed by the first
Abbasid Caliph,
Abu al-Abbas al-Saffah
Abū al-ʿAbbās ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad al-Saffāḥ ( ar, أبو العباس عبد الله بن محمد السفّاح; 721/722 – 8 June 754, al-Anbar) usually known as Abūʾl-ʿAbbās as-Saffāḥ or simply by his laqab As-S ...
. The
Caliphate is moved to
Baghdad which would later develop into a centre of trade and culture. The
Ghana Empire
The Ghana Empire, also known as Wagadou ( ar, غانا) or Awkar, was a West African empire based in the modern-day southeast of Mauritania and western Mali that existed from c. 300 until 1100. The Empire was founded by the Soninke people, ...
begins in western Africa.
* mid-8th century -
Great Wild Goose Pagoda at Ci'en Temple,
Xi'an,
Shanxi
Shanxi (; ; formerly romanised as Shansi) is a landlocked province of the People's Republic of China and is part of the North China region. The capital and largest city of the province is Taiyuan, while its next most populated prefecture-lev ...
, is rebuilt.
* c. mid-8th century - Camel Carrying a Group of Musicians, from a tomb near
Xi'an,
Shanxi
Shanxi (; ; formerly romanised as Shansi) is a landlocked province of the People's Republic of China and is part of the North China region. The capital and largest city of the province is Taiyuan, while its next most populated prefecture-lev ...
, is made.
Tang dynasty. It is now kept at
Museum of Chinese History
The National Museum of China () flanks the eastern side of Tiananmen Square in Beijing, China. The museum's mission is to educate about the arts and history of China. It is directed by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the People's Republic ...
, Beijing.
* 751: Arabian armies defeat
Chinese
Chinese can refer to:
* Something related to China
* Chinese people, people of Chinese nationality, citizenship, and/or ethnicity
**''Zhonghua minzu'', the supra-ethnic concept of the Chinese nation
** List of ethnic groups in China, people of va ...
Tang dynasty troops in the Battle of Talas, in the high Pamirs near Samarkand, and conquer Central Asia completely.
* 752: The Hindu Mataram Kingdom, Mataram kingdom flourishes and declines. (to 1045)
* 754: Death of Abbasid dynasty, Abbasid caliph As-Saffah, al-Saffah and ascension of caliph al-Mansur to Arab
Caliphate.
* 755–763: The An Shi Rebellion devastates China during the mid
Tang dynasty.
* AD 757, 757: King Offa of Mercia becomes dominant ruler in England.
* 758:
Arab and Persian people, Persian pirates and travelers burn and loot the Chinese city of
Guangzhou, while the Tang Dynasty authorities shut the port down for the next five decades.
* 760: The construction of the famous Indonesian
Buddhist structure Borobudur began, probably as a non-Buddhist shrine.
[Taylor (2003), p. 37.]
* 761: Marriage of Abbasid princess Rayta bint al-Saffah, Raytah and Muhammad (future al-Mahdi).
* 768: Pepin dies; Charles becomes king at Noyan and his brother Carloman becomes king at Soissons.
* 770's–780's: Java launched series of naval raids on ports of Dai Viet, Champa and Cambodia; Sontay in Tonkin (767); Nha Trang (774); captured Indrapura in Cambodia (770); Phan Rang (787). The naval raids was probably launched by Sailendran-
Srivijaya
Srivijaya ( id, Sriwijaya) was a Buddhist thalassocratic empire based on the island of Sumatra (in modern-day Indonesia), which influenced much of Southeast Asia. Srivijaya was an important centre for the expansion of Buddhism from the 7th t ...
n Maharaja Dharmasetu or Dharanindra.
* 772–804: Charlemagne invades what is now northwestern Germany, battling the Saxons for more than thirty years and finally crushing their Saxon Wars, rebellion, incorporating Duchy of Saxony, Saxony into the Frankish Empire and the Christian world.
* 775: Death of caliph al-Mansur and he was succeeded by al-Mahdi.
* 778: Candi Kalasan, Kalasan temple constructed, according to the Kalasan inscription.
* 781: Marriage of Abbasid dynasty, Abbasid princess Zubaidah bint Ja'far, Zubaidah and Harun al-Rashid. The Nestorian Monument is erected in China.
* 782: Buddhist monk Prajna (Buddhist monk), Prajna reaches Chang'an and translates the sutras into Chinese.
* 785: Death of Abbasid dynasty, Abbasid caliph al-Mahdi and succession of al-Hadi on 24 July 785. The
Tang dynasty begins landing regular Sailing, maritime missions on the coast of East Africa, cutting out middlemen Arab sea merchants.
* 785–805: Chinese geographer Jia Dan describes large lighthouse pillars built in the Persian Gulf, which is confirmed a century later by al-Mas'udi and al-Muqaddasi.
* AD 787, 787: The Empress Irene of Athens convenes the Seventh Ecumenical Council, ending the first phase of Byzantine Iconoclasm.
* 786: Death of Abbasid dynasty, Abbasid caliph al-Hadi and ascension of caliph Harun al-Rashid.
* 792: Battle of Marcelae. The Bulgarian victory over the Byzantines marks the end of the half-century political instability in Bulgaria.
* 792: The Manjusrigrha (Sewu) temple is completed according to Manjusrigrha inscription.
* 793: The first written account of a Viking raid carried out on the abbey of Lindisfarne in northern England.
* 793: The Frisian–Frankish wars come to an end with the last uprising of the Frisians.
* 794: Emperor Kanmu moves the capital to Heian-kyō (present day Kyoto), initiating the Heian period of Japan.
*
800: An Arab fleet sails up the Tiber.
*
800–909: Rule of Aghlabids as an autonomous province of Caliphate in North Africa, with their capital at Tunis.
*
800: Beginning of the ancient West African state of Takrur or Tekrour, which flourished roughly parallel to the Ghana Empire.
*
800: On Christmas Day, Charlemagne is crowned the first Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Leo III.
*
800: The agriculturally based Buddhist Sailendra kingdom flourishes and declines.
(to 832)
Inventions, discoveries, introductions
* Plough#History, Heavy plow in use in the Rhine valley.
* Horse collar in use in Northern Europe in 8th or 9th century — perhaps introduced from Asia.
* Mid 8th century – papermaking introduced from
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...
to Arabs.
* Iron (material), Iron horseshoes came into common use around 770.
* Pattadakal, Chalukya architecture.
* The Chinese
Buddhist monk Yi Xing applies a clockwork escapement mechanism to operate and rotate his astronomical celestial globe.
* The first European triangular harp designed by the Picts of Scotland.
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:8th Century
8th century,
1st millennium
Centuries, 08th century