The 67th Cyberspace Operations Group is a unit of the
67th Cyberspace Wing. Headquartered on
Kelly Field Annex
Kelly Field (formerly Kelly Air Force Base) is a Joint-Use facility located in San Antonio, Texas. It was originally named after George E. M. Kelly, the first member of the U.S. military killed in the crash of an airplane he was piloting.
...
's Security Hill, the
group
A group is a number of persons or things that are located, gathered, or classed together.
Groups of people
* Cultural group, a group whose members share the same cultural identity
* Ethnic group, a group whose members share the same ethnic ide ...
is an
Air Force
An air force – in the broadest sense – is the national military branch that primarily conducts aerial warfare. More specifically, it is the branch of a nation's armed services that is responsible for aerial warfare as distinct from an ...
information operations
Information Operations is a category of direct and indirect support operations for the United States Military. By definition in Joint Publication 3-13, "IO are described as the integrated employment of electronic warfare (EW), computer network ...
unit.
The group was first organized during
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...
as the 67th Observation Group and saw combat with
Eighth and
Ninth Air Force
The Ninth Air Force (Air Forces Central) is a Numbered Air Force of the United States Air Force headquartered at Shaw Air Force Base, South Carolina. It is the Air Force Service Component of United States Central Command (USCENTCOM), a joint De ...
s in the
European Theater of Operations. It was deployed for 36 months overseas and 18 months of combat action. The group performed tactical reconnaissance during the
D-Day invasion of Europe and the campaign against Germany. For its World War II operations, the group earned the
Distinguished Unit Citation, two foreign decorations, and the
Belgian Fourragère.
Mission
The 67th COG is the principal Air Force group conducting Offensive Cyber Operations (OCO) to "Engage the Enemy." Provides forces to conduct Air Force computer network operations for
United States Strategic Command
United States Strategic Command (USSTRATCOM) is one of the eleven unified combatant commands in the United States Department of Defense. Headquartered at Offutt Air Force Base, Nebraska, USSTRATCOM is responsible for Strategic_nuclear_weapon, ...
,
United States Cyber Command
United States Cyber Command (USCYBERCOM) is one of the eleven unified combatant commands of the United States Department of Defense (DoD). It unifies the direction of cyberspace operations, strengthens DoD cyberspace capabilities, and integr ...
and other combatant commands. The group conducts computer network operations and warfare planning for the Air Force, joint task forces and combatant commanders. The group also conducts Secretary of Defense-directed special network warfare missions.
History
: ''For related history, see
67th Cyberspace Wing''
World War II
Flew antisubmarine patrols along the east coast of the US after the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor. Began training in January 1942 for duty overseas. Operational squadrons were the
12th,
107th,
109th, and
153d Observation Squadrons.
Moved to the European theater, August–October 1942. Assigned first to
Eighth and later (October 1943) to
Ninth Air Force
The Ninth Air Force (Air Forces Central) is a Numbered Air Force of the United States Air Force headquartered at Shaw Air Force Base, South Carolina. It is the Air Force Service Component of United States Central Command (USCENTCOM), a joint De ...
. At
RAF Membury
Royal Air Force Membury or more simply RAF Membury is a former Royal Air Force station built in the civil parish of Lambourn in Berkshire, England. The airfield is located approximately north-northwest of Hungerford, at the Membury services ...
, the group received well-used
Supermarine Spitfire Vs and early
Douglas A-20 Havoc and Boston aircraft from the RAF plus a few L-4B Grasshopper observation aircraft to train with until their
Lockheed F-5/P-38 Lightning aircraft arrived from the United States. The 67th Group operated as the nucleus of the USAAF tactical reconnaissance organization in the UK, a task acknowledged by the redesignation as such soon after the Membury units were transferred to the Ninth Air Force in October 1943. At the time of the transfer to Ninth Air Force, the group was redesignated the 67th Reconnaissance Group.
At the time, the 107th and 109th Squadrons were converting to
North American P-51 Mustang
The North American Aviation P-51 Mustang is an American long-range, single-seat fighter and fighter-bomber used during World War II and the Korean War, among other conflicts. The Mustang was designed in April 1940 by a team headed by James ...
s. However, before this was completed, the 107th Squadron was moved to
RAF Aldermaston and the 109th to
RAF Middle Wallop
Middle Wallop is a village in the civil parish of Nether Wallop in Hampshire, England, on the A343 road. At the 2011 Census the population was included in the civil parish of Over Wallop. The village has a public house, The George Inn, and a pe ...
so that their reconnaissance photographs and visual intelligence would be quickly available to IX Troop Carrier Command and IX Fighter Command Headquarters based there.
The group received a DUC for operations along the coast of France, 15 February – 20 March 1944, when the group flew at low altitude in the face of intense flak to obtain photographs that aided the invasion of the Continent. Flew weather missions, made visual reconnaissance for ground forces, and photographed enemy positions to support the Normandy campaign and later to assist First Army and other Allied forces in the drive to Germany. Took part in the offensive against the Siegfried Line, September–December 1944, and in the Battle of the Bulge, December 1944 – January 1945. From January to May 1945, photographed dams on the Roer River in preparation for the ground offensive to cross the river, and aided the Allied assault across the Rhine and into Germany.
Returned to the US, July–September 1945. Inactivated on 31 March 1946.
Postwar era
The group was activated as part of a service-wide, wing-base test on 19 May 1947 by Tactical Air Command. Assigned to Ninth Air Force. Formed at Shaw Field, South Carolina and equipped with RB-26's and RF-80's. Moved to Langley AFB Virginia, as photo-reconnaissance organization. Reassigned to Twelfth Air Force and moved to March AFB, California. Budget constraints, though, resulted in the wing's inactivation on 28 March 1949.
Korean War
The need for tactical reconnaissance resources became obvious when
North Korea
North Korea, officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the northern half of the Korean Peninsula and shares borders with China and Russia to the north, at the Yalu (Amnok) and T ...
launched a surprise attack against the
Republic of Korea
South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korean Peninsula and sharing a land border with North Korea. Its western border is formed by the Yellow Sea, while its ea ...
in June 1950. In February 1951, Headquarters
Far East Air Forces
Pacific Air Forces (PACAF) is a Major Command (MAJCOM) of the United States Air Force and is also the air component command of the United States Indo-Pacific Command (USINDOPACOM). PACAF is headquartered at Joint Base Pearl Harbor–Hickam (fo ...
activated the 67th Tactical Reconnaissance Group at
Komaki Air Base
, also known as Komaki Airport or Nagoya Airport, is an airport which lies within the local government areas of Toyoyama, Komaki, Kasugai and Nagoya in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. It was once an international airport, but is now a domestic sec ...
, Japan replacing the inactivated
543rd Tactical Support Group.
Used RB-26, RF-80, RF-86, and RF-84 aircraft. Made photographic reconnaissance of front lines, enemy positions, and installations; took pre-strike and bomb-damage assessment photographs; made visual reconnaissance of enemy artillery and naval gun positions; and flew weather missions. Received an AFOUA for the period 1 December 1952 – 30 April 1953 when, in the face of enemy opposition and adverse weather, the group performed reconnaissance missions on a 24-hour-a-day, 7-day-a¬week basis to provide valuable intelligence for UN forces.
After the
Korean armistice
The Korean Armistice Agreement ( ko, 한국정전협정 / 조선정전협정; zh, t=韓國停戰協定 / 朝鮮停戰協定) is an armistice that brought about a complete cessation of hostilities of the Korean War. It was signed by United Sta ...
, reassigned to Japan in December 1954. Performed various reconnaissance as needed. Inactivated on 1 October 1957 when parent wing adopted Tri-Deputate organization and assigned all flying components directly to wing.
Cyberspace operations
Reactivated October 1991 when parent wing implemented Objective Wing organization. Ended flying operations in August 1992. Between 1993 and 2000, mission included directing planning of all-source intelligence, electronic combat, and security support for the Air Intelligence Agency. Since 2000, collected and analyzed intelligence and provided it to war-fighters, national decision-makers, and the test and acquisition community.
Lineage
* Constituted as the 67th Observation Group on 21 August 1941
: Activated on 1 September 1941
: Redesignated 67th Reconnaissance Group in May 1943
: Redesignated 67th Tactical Reconnaissance Group in November 1943
: Redesignated 67th Reconnaissance Group on 15 June 1945
: Inactivated on 31 March 1946
* Activated on 19 May 1947
: Redesignated 67th Tactical Reconnaissance Group on 22 August 1948
: Inactivated on 28 March 1949
* Activated on 25 February 1951
: Inactivated on 1 October 1957
* Redesignated 67th Intelligence Group and activated on 1 October 1993
: Redesignated 67th Information Operations Group on 1 August 2000
: Redesignated 67th Network Warfare Group on 5 July 2006
: Redesignated 67th Cyberspace Operations Group on 1 October 2013
[
]
Assignments
* 3d Air Support Command, 1 September 1941
* 5th Air Support Command
Fifth is the ordinal form of the number five.
Fifth or The Fifth may refer to:
* Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution, as in the expression "pleading the Fifth"
* Fifth column, a political term
* Fifth disease, a contagious rash th ...
, 29 March 1942
* III Ground Air Support Command, 15 May 1942
* VIII Ground Air Support Command, 23 June 1942
* III Ground Air Support Command, 4 July 1942
* Third Air Force
The Third Air Force (Air Forces Europe) (3 AF) is a numbered air force of the United States Air Forces in Europe - Air Forces Africa (USAFE-AFAFRICA). Its headquarters is Ramstein Air Base, Germany. It is responsible for all U.S. air forces in ...
, 21 August 1942
* VIII Fighter Command
The VIII Fighter Command was a United States Army Air Forces unit of command above the wings and below the numbered air force. Its primary mission was command of fighter operations within the Eighth Air Force. In the World War II European The ...
, 5 September 1942
* IX Fighter Command
The IX Fighter Command was a United States Army Air Forces formation. Its last assignment was with the Ninth Air Force, based at Erlangen, Germany, wheret was inactivated on 16 November 1945.
IX Fighter Command was the primary tactical fighter ...
, November 1943
* IX Air Support Command
The IX Tactical Air Command was a formation of the United States Army Air Forces. It fought in the European theater of World War II. Its last assignment was at Camp Shanks, New York, where it was inactivated on 25 October 1945.
History
Formed ...
(later IX Tactical Air Command), February 1944[Lacoma lists these as separate units. But ''see'' Maurer, ''Combat Units'', p. 448 (IX Air Support Command redesignated IX Tactical Air Command in April 1944).]
* Third Air Force, 19 September 1945
* First Air Force, 21 January–31 March 1946
* Tactical Air Command, 19 May 1947
* Twelfth Air Force
The Twelfth Air Force (12 AF; Air Forces Southern, (AFSOUTH)) is a Numbered Air Force of the United States Air Force Air Combat Command (ACC). It is headquartered at Davis–Monthan Air Force Base, Arizona.
The command is the air component to ...
, 25 July 1947
* 1st Fighter Wing
The 1st Fighter Wing (1 FW) is a United States Air Force unit assigned to the Air Combat Command Fifteenth Air Force. It is stationed at Langley Air Force Base, VA. where it is a tenant unit, being supported by the 633d Air Base Wing.
Its 1 ...
, 15 August 1947
* 67th Reconnaissance Wing (later 67th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing), 25 November 1947 – 28 March 1949
* 67th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing, 25 February 1951 – 1 October 1957 (attached to 6102d Air Base Wing after 1 July 1957)
* 67 Intelligence Wing (later 67 Information Operations Wing, 67 Network Warfare Wing, 67 Cyberspace Wing), 1 October 1993 – present[
]
Stations
* Esler Field
Esler Field,
also known as Esler Regional Airport , is a military and public use airfield in Rapides Parish, Louisiana, United States, near the City of Pineville. It is located 10 nautical miles (12 statute miles, 19 kilometres) northeas ...
, Louisiana, 1 September 1941
* Charleston Army Air Field
Charleston Air Force Base is a United States military facility located in the City of North Charleston, South Carolina. The facility is under the jurisdiction of the United States Air Force's 628th Air Base Wing (628 ABW), a subordinate elemen ...
, South Carolina, December 1941
* Esler Field, Louisiana, January–August 1942
* RAF Membury
Royal Air Force Membury or more simply RAF Membury is a former Royal Air Force station built in the civil parish of Lambourn in Berkshire, England. The airfield is located approximately north-northwest of Hungerford, at the Membury services ...
(AAF-466),[Station number in Anderson.] England, September 1942
* RAF Middle Wallop
Middle Wallop is a village in the civil parish of Nether Wallop in Hampshire, England, on the A343 road. At the 2011 Census the population was included in the civil parish of Over Wallop. The village has a public house, The George Inn, and a pe ...
(AAF-449),[ England, December 1943
* Le Molay Airfield (A-9),][Station number in Johnson.] France, July 1944
* Toussus le Noble Airfield (A-46),[ France, August 1944
* Charleroi Airfield (A-87),][ Belgium, September 1944
* Vogelsang Airfield (Y-51),][ Germany, March 1945
* Limburg Airfield (Y-83),][ Germany, c. 2 April 1945
* Eschwege Airfield (R-11),][ Germany, c. 10 April–July 1945
* Drew Field, Florida, c. September 1945
* ]MacDill Field
MacDill Air Force Base (MacDill AFB) is an active United States Air Force installation located 4 miles (6.4 km) south-southwest of downtown Tampa, Florida.
The "host wing" for MacDill AFB is the 6th Air Refueling Wing (6 ARW), assig ...
, Florida, December 1945
* Shaw Field, South Carolina, February-31 March 1946
* Langley Field Langley may refer to:
People
* Langley (surname), a common English surname, including a list of notable people with the name
* Dawn Langley Simmons (1922–2000), English author and biographer
* Elizabeth Langley (born 1933), Canadian perfo ...
, Virginia, 19 May 1947
* March Field
March is the third month of the year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. It is the second of seven months to have a length of 31 days. In the Northern Hemisphere, the meteorological beginning of spring occurs on the first day of Ma ...
, California, c. 25 July 1947 – 28 March 1949
* Komaki Air Base
, also known as Komaki Airport or Nagoya Airport, is an airport which lies within the local government areas of Toyoyama, Komaki, Kasugai and Nagoya in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. It was once an international airport, but is now a domestic sec ...
, Japan, 25 February 1951
* Taegu Air Base (K-2), South Korea, 21 March 1951
* Kimpo Air Base
Gimpo International Airport (), commonly known as Gimpo Airport , formerly rendered in English as Kimpo International Airport, is located in the far western end of Seoul, some west of the Central District of Seoul. Gimpo was the main interna ...
(K-14), South Korea, 20 August 1951
* Itami Air Base
270px, Gogadzuka Kofun
270px, Aerial view of Itami city center
270px, Konoike inari shihi
270px, Arioka Castle ruins
) is a city located in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 197,215 in 83580 households and a ...
, Japan,6 December 1954
* Yokota Air Base
, is a Japan Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF) and United States Air Force (USAF) base in the Tama Area, or Western Tokyo.
It occupies portions of Akishima, Fussa, Hamura, Mizuho, Musashimurayama, and Tachikawa.
The base houses 14,000 perso ...
, Japan, 1 July 1957 – 1 October 1957
* Kelly Air Force Base (later Kelly Field Annex, Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland), Texas, 1 October 1993 – present[
]
Components
* 11th Reconnaissance Squadron (later 11th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron): 28–31 March 1946, 19 May 1947 – 28 March 1949; 18 September 1953 – 1 October 1957 (attached to 67th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing 1 June–24 November 1954 and after 1 July 1957)
* 12th Reconnaissance Squadron (later 12th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron): 29 March 1942 – 13 June 1944 (attached until c. 11 August 1944) 24 July 1947 – 28 March 1949, 25 February 1951 – 1 October 1957 (attached to 67th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing 1 June–24 November 1954 and after 1 July 1957)
* 15th Reconnaissance Squadron
15 (fifteen) is the natural number following 14 and preceding 16.
Mathematics
15 is:
* A composite number, and the sixth semiprime; its proper divisors being , and .
* A deficient number, a smooth number, a lucky number, a pernicious n ...
:[Not related to the next unit, this squadron was originally the 15th Observation Squadron. Maurer, ''Combat Squadrons'', pp. 85-87.] 22 Dec 1943 – 4 January 1944; 4 January 1944 – 13 June 1944 (attached until 27 June 1944), 25 February 1951 – 1 October 1957 (attached to 67th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing 1 June–24 November 1954 and after 1 July 1957)
* 15th Reconnaissance Squadron
15 (fifteen) is the natural number following 14 and preceding 16.
Mathematics
15 is:
* A composite number, and the sixth semiprime; its proper divisors being , and .
* A deficient number, a smooth number, a lucky number, a pernicious n ...
:[Not related to the previous unit, this squadron was originally the 15th Photographic Mapping Squadron. Maurer, ''Combat Squadrons'', pp. 84-85.] 19 May–24 July 1947
* 30th Photographic Reconnaissance Squadron 030 may refer to:
* Motorola 68030
* BR-030
* Geographical telephone calling prefixes
** Greater Accra area code, Ghana
** Utrecht, Netherlands
** Berlin, Germany
** Bar Municipality and Ulcinj Municipality of Montenegro
** Province of Brescia ...
: attached 9 June 1944, assigned 13 June 1944 – 7 November 1945
* 33d Photographic Reconnaissance Squadron: assigned 13 June–7 October 1944 (attached to 10th Photographic Reconnaissance Group
The 10th Tactical Reconnaissance Group is an inactive United States Air Force unit. Its last assignment was to the 10th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing, stationed at Spangdahlem Air Base, West Germany. It was inactivated on 8 December 1957.
Hist ...
until 11 August 1944), attached until 2 November 1944; assigned 17 May–c. 5 July 1945.
* 45th Reconnaissance Squadron
The 45th Reconnaissance Squadron is a United States Air Force unit. It is assigned to the 55th Operations Group and stationed at Offutt Air Force Base, Nebraska. It is one of the most decorated squadrons of the active duty United States Ai ...
(later 45th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron): see 155th Photographic Reconnaissance Squadron
* 107th Observation Squadron (later 107th Reconnaissance Squadron): 1 September 1941 – 9 November 1945
* 109th Observation Squadron (later 109th Reconnaissance Squadron): 1 September 1941 – 9 November 1945
* 113th Observation Squadron
The 113th Air Support Operations Squadron is a unit of the Indiana Air National Guard 181st Intelligence Wing located at Terre Haute Air National Guard Base (Hulman Field), Indiana.
The squadron is a descendant organization of the World War I 1 ...
(later 113th Reconnaissance Squadron): 1 September 1941 – 12 March 1942 (attached to 69th Observation Group 12 December 1941 – 20 January 1942)
* 153d Observation Squadron (later 153d Liaison Squadron): 1 September 1941 – 12 December 1943
* 155th Photographic Reconnaissance Squadron (later 45th Reconnaissance Squadron, 45 Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron): 21 February–23 May 1945 (attached to 9th Tactical Reconnaissance Group (Provisional) after 25 April 1945), 25 February 1951 – 1 October 1957 (attached to 67th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing 1 June–24 November 1954 and after 1 July 1957)
* 161st Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron: 3 July–9 November 1945
* 305th Cyberspace Operations Squadron
3 (three) is a number, numeral (linguistics), numeral and numerical digit, digit. It is the natural number following 2 and preceding 4, and is the smallest odd prime number and the only prime preceding a square number. It has religious or cu ...
* 390th Cyberspace Operations Squadron
39 may refer to:
* 39 (number), the natural number following 38 and preceding 40
* one of the years:
** 39 BC
** AD 39
** 1939
** 2039
* 39 (album), ''39'' (album), a 2000 studio album by Mikuni Shimokawa
* "'39", a 1975 song by Queen
* "Thirty Ni ...
* 352d Information Operations Squadron (later 352d Network Warfare Squadron, 352d Cyberspace Operations Squadron): 1 October 2004 – 18 August 2009, 1 December 2014 – present[Component information in Lacoma, Factsheet 67th Cyberspace Operations Group, except as noted.]
* 91st Cyberspace Operations Squadron
Aircraft
* Various observation, 1941–1942
* F-4/P-38 Lightning, 1942–1945
* F-5/P-51 Mustang, 1942–1945
* RB-26 Invader, 1947–1949; 1951–1957
* RF-80 Shooting Star, 1947–1949; 1951–1957
* RF-86 Sabre
The North American F-86 Sabre, sometimes called the Sabrejet, is a transonic jet fighter aircraft. Produced by North American Aviation, the Sabre is best known as the United States' first swept-wing fighter that could counter the swept-wing Sov ...
, 1951–1957
* RF-84 Thunderstreak, 1951–1957
* RF-4C Phantom II
The McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II is an American tandem two-seat, twin-engine, all-weather, long-range supersonic jet interceptor and fighter-bomber originally developed by McDonnell Aircraft for the United States Navy.Swanborough and ...
, 1991–1992
See also
* 500th Air Service Group (support unit for 67th TRG from 1945-1947)
* List of cyber warfare forces
Many countries around the world maintain military units that are specifically trained to operate in a cyberwarfare environment. In several cases this units acts also as the national computer emergency response team for civilian cybersecurity threa ...
References
; Notes
; Citations
Bibliography
*
*
*
*
*
External links
USAFHRA 67 Network Warfare Group Factsheet
{{Navboxes
, list =
{{USAF Air Combat Command
{{USAF Pacific Air Forces
{{USAF Korea
{{Tactical Air Command
{{USAAF 9th Air Force UK
{{USAAF 8th Air Force UK
{{USAAF 3d Air Force World War II
Network Warfare 067
Groups of the United States Air Force
1941 establishments in Louisiana