4 March

Events

Pre-1600

*AD 51 – Nero, later to become Roman emperor, is given the title ''princeps iuventutis'' (head of the youth).
* 306 – Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia.
* 852 – Croatian Knez Trpimir I issues a statute, a document with the first known written mention of the Croats name in Croatian sources.
* 938 – Translation of the relics of martyr Wenceslaus I, Duke of Bohemia, Prince of the Czechs.
*1152 – Frederick I Barbarossa is elected King of Germany.
*1238 – The Battle of the Sit River is fought in the northern part of the present-day Yaroslavl Oblast of Russia between the Mongol hordes of Batu Khan and the Russians under Yuri II of Vladimir-Suzdal during the Mongol invasion of Rus'.
*1351 – Ramathibodi becomes King of Siam.
*1386 – Władysław II Jagiełło (Jogaila) is crowned King of Poland.
*1461 – Wars of the Roses in England: Lancastrian King Henry VI is deposed by his House of York cousin, who then becomes King Edward IV.
*1493 – Explorer Christopher Columbus arrives back in Lisbon, Portugal, aboard his ship ''Niña'' from his voyage to what are now The Bahamas and other islands in the Caribbean.
*1519 – Hernán Cortés arrives in Mexico in search of the Aztec civilization and its wealth.

1601–1900

*1628 – The Massachusetts Bay Colony is granted a Royal charter.
*1665 – English King Charles II declares war on the Netherlands marking the start of the Second Anglo-Dutch War.
*1675 – John Flamsteed is appointed the first Astronomer Royal of England.
*1681 – Charles II grants a land charter to William Penn for the area that will later become Pennsylvania.
* 1769 – Mozart departed Italy after the last of his three tours there.
* 1776 – American Revolutionary War: The Continental Army fortifies Dorchester Heights with cannon, leading the British troops to abandon the Siege of Boston.
*1789 – In New York City, the first Congress of the United States meets, putting the United States Constitution into effect.
*1790 – France is divided into 83 ''départements'', cutting across the former provinces in an attempt to dislodge regional loyalties based on ownership of land by the nobility.
*1791 – The Constitutional Act of 1791 is introduced by the British House of Commons in London which envisages the separation of Canada into Lower Canada (Quebec) and Upper Canada (Ontario).
* 1791 – Vermont is admitted to the United States as the fourteenth state.
*1794 – The 11th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is passed by the U.S. Congress.
*1797 – John Adams is inaugurated as the 2nd President of the United States of America, becoming the first President to begin his presidency on March 4.
*1804 – Castle Hill Rebellion: Irish convicts rebel against British colonial authority in the Colony of New South Wales.
*1813 – Cyril VI of Constantinople is elected Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople.
*1814 – Americans defeat British forces at the Battle of Longwoods between London, Ontario and Thamesville, near present-day Wardsville, Ontario.
*1837 – The city of Chicago is incorporated.
*1848 – Carlo Alberto di Savoia signs the ''Statuto Albertino'' that will later represent the first constitution of the '' Regno d'Italia''.
*1849 – President-elect of the United States Zachary Taylor