Epsilon Persei,
Latinized from ε Persei, is a multiple
star system in the northern
constellation of
Perseus. It has a combined
apparent visual magnitude
Apparent magnitude () is a measure of the brightness of a star or other astronomical object observed from Earth. An object's apparent magnitude depends on its intrinsic luminosity, its distance from Earth, and any extinction of the object's lig ...
of +2.88,
[ which is bright enough to be viewed with the naked eye. Based upon parallax measurements, this system is located at a distance of roughly 640 light-years (196 ]parsec
The parsec (symbol: pc) is a unit of length used to measure the large distances to astronomical objects outside the Solar System, approximately equal to or (au), i.e. . The parsec unit is obtained by the use of parallax and trigonometry, an ...
s) from Earth
Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbor life. While large volumes of water can be found throughout the Solar System, only Earth sustains liquid surface water. About 71% of Earth's surfa ...
.[
This is a spectroscopic binary system, which means that the presence of an orbiting companion has been revealed by radial velocity variations in the ]spectrum
A spectrum (plural ''spectra'' or ''spectrums'') is a condition that is not limited to a specific set of values but can vary, without gaps, across a continuum. The word was first used scientifically in optics to describe the rainbow of colors ...
of the primary. The two components are orbiting each other with a period of 14 days at a high orbital eccentricity of 0.55. The secondary component has about 6–13% of the primary's mass and may have a stellar classification in the range from A6 V to K1 V. There may be a third component to this system with an orbital period of roughly 9,428 days (25.8 years), although this has not been conclusively demonstrated. If this component exists, it would have about 51–139% of the primary's mass. This high level of uncertainty is because the inclination
Orbital inclination measures the tilt of an object's orbit around a celestial body. It is expressed as the angle between a reference plane and the orbital plane or axis of direction of the orbiting object.
For a satellite orbiting the Eart ...
of the orbit is not known.[
The primary component of this system, Epsilon Persei A, is a massive star with 12–16][ times the ]Sun's mass
The solar mass () is a standard unit of mass in astronomy, equal to approximately . It is often used to indicate the masses of other stars, as well as stellar clusters, nebulae, galaxies and black holes. It is approximately equal to the mass of ...
and near eight times the radius of the Sun
Solar radius is a unit of distance used to express the size of stars in astronomy relative to the Sun. The solar radius is usually defined as the radius to the layer in the Sun's photosphere where the optical depth equals 2/3:
:1\,R_ = 6.957\t ...
.[ It has a stellar classification of B0.5 V,][ making it a ]B-type main sequence star
A B-type main-sequence star (B V) is a main-sequence (hydrogen-burning) star of spectral type B and luminosity class V. These stars have from 2 to 16 times the mass of the Sun and surface temperatures between 10,000 and 30,000 K. B-type stars ...
that is generating energy at its core through the nuclear fusion
Nuclear fusion is a reaction in which two or more atomic nuclei are combined to form one or more different atomic nuclei and subatomic particles ( neutrons or protons). The difference in mass between the reactants and products is manife ...
of hydrogen. Component A is radiating over 28,000[ times the ]Sun's luminosity
The solar luminosity (), is a unit of radiant flux (power emitted in the form of photons) conventionally used by astronomers to measure the luminosity of stars, galaxies and other celestial objects in terms of the output of the Sun.
One nominal ...
from its outer envelope at an effective temperature of 26,500 K.[ This gives the star the blue-white hue that is typical of B-type stars.][
Epsilon Persei A is a ]Beta Cephei variable Beta Cephei variables, also known as Beta Canis Majoris stars, are variable stars that exhibit small rapid variations in their brightness due to pulsations of the stars' surfaces, thought due to the unusual properties of iron at temperatures of 200, ...
star with a primary pulsation period of 0.1603 days, or 6.24 cycles per day. It may have multiple pulsation frequencies.[
]
References
External links
Al-Thurayya
{{Stars of Perseus
B-type main-sequence stars
Beta Cephei variables
Alpha Persei Cluster
Perseus (constellation)
Persei, Epsilon
Durchmusterung objects
Persei, 45
024760
018532
1220
Year 1220 ( MCCXX) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Fifth Crusade
* July – The Crusaders, led by the Knights Hospitaller, raid Burlus, located i ...
Spectroscopic binaries