The

enzyme Enzymes () are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products. A ...

4-oxalocrotonate decarboxylase ()

catalyzes Catalysis () is the process of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction by adding a substance known as a catalyst (). Catalysts are not consumed in the reaction and remain unchanged after it. If the reaction is rapid and the catalyst recyc ...

the

chemical reaction A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the IUPAC nomenclature for organic transformations, chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. Classically, chemical reactions encompass changes that only involve the pos ...

:4-oxalocrotonate

\rightleftharpoons

2-oxopent-4-enoate + CO₂ This enzyme belongs to the family of

lyase In biochemistry, a lyase is an enzyme that catalyzes the breaking (an elimination reaction) of various chemical bonds by means other than hydrolysis (a substitution reaction) and oxidation, often forming a new double bond or a new ring structure. ...

s, specifically the carboxy-lyases, which cleave carbon-carbon bonds. The

systematic name A systematic name is a name given in a systematic way to one unique group, organism, object or chemical substance, out of a specific population or collection. Systematic names are usually part of a nomenclature. A semisystematic name or semitrivial ...

of this enzyme class is 4-oxalocrotonate carboxy-lyase (2-oxopent-4-enoate-forming). This enzyme is also called 4-oxalocrotonate carboxy-lyase. This enzyme participates in 3

metabolic pathways In biochemistry, a metabolic pathway is a linked series of chemical reactions occurring within a cell. The reactants, products, and intermediates of an enzymatic reaction are known as metabolites, which are modified by a sequence of chemical reac ...

benzoate degradation via hydroxylation Benzoate degradation via hydroxylation is an enzyme-catalyzed, bacterial chemical reaction. Benzoate is degraded aerobically and anaerobically. Aerobic degradation forms catechol. Anaerobic degradation forms cyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonylCoA. A hybr ...

toluene and xylene degradation Toluene (), also known as toluol (), is a substituted aromatic hydrocarbon. It is a colorless, water-insoluble liquid with the smell associated with paint thinners. It is a mono-substituted benzene derivative, consisting of a methyl group (CH3) at ...

, and

fluorene degradation Fluorene , or 9''H''-fluorene is an organic compound with the formula (C6H4)2CH2. It forms white crystals that exhibit a characteristic, aromatic odor similar to that of naphthalene. It has a violet fluorescence, hence its name. For commercial pu ...

References

* EC 4.1.1 Enzymes of unknown structure {{4.1-enzyme-stub