37th Infantry Regiment (United States)
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The 37th Infantry Regiment is an inactive
infantry regiment Infantry is a military specialization which engages in ground combat on foot. Infantry generally consists of light infantry, mountain infantry, motorized infantry & mechanized infantry, airborne infantry, air assault infantry, and marine i ...
in the
United States Army The United States Army (USA) is the land warfare, land military branch, service branch of the United States Armed Forces. It is one of the eight Uniformed services of the United States, U.S. uniformed services, and is designated as the Army o ...
.


Other units called "37th Infantry Regiment"

Constituted July 28, 1866, in the
Regular Army A regular army is the official army of a state or country (the official armed forces), contrasting with irregular forces, such as volunteer irregular militias, private armies, mercenaries, etc. A regular army usually has the following: * a standin ...
by act of the
United States Congress The United States Congress is the legislature of the federal government of the United States. It is bicameral, composed of a lower body, the House of Representatives, and an upper body, the Senate. It meets in the U.S. Capitol in Washing ...
falling under the command of the
Department of the Missouri The Department of the Missouri was a command echelon of the United States Army in the 19th century and a sub division of the Military Division of the Missouri that functioned through the Indian Wars. History Background Following the successful ...
. The unit began as the 3rd Battalion of the 19th Infantry Regiment when it was re-designated as the 37th Infantry Regiment, at
Little Rock Arsenal The Tower Building of the Little Rock Arsenal, also known as the Main Building of the U.S. Arsenal at Little Rock, or Headquarters Building of the Little Rock Barracks, is the home of the MacArthur Museum of Arkansas Military History. It is also ...
, Arkansas. Consolidated 17 April 1869 by order of the
Secretary of War The secretary of war was a member of the U.S. president's Cabinet, beginning with George Washington's administration. A similar position, called either "Secretary at War" or "Secretary of War", had been appointed to serve the Congress of the ...
, when the total number of Infantry Regiments were to be reduced to 25. One-half of the 37th Infantry Regiment consolidated August–December 1869 with the 3rd Infantry Regiment and the consolidated unit was designated as the 3d Infantry Regiment. While the remaining half of the 37th Infantry consolidated in June 1869 with the 5th Infantry Regiment and redesignated as the 5th Infantry Regiment.


Lineage

Constituted 1 July 1916 in the Regular Army as the 37th Infantry. Organized 12 July 1916 at
Fort Sam Houston Fort Sam Houston is a U.S. Army post in San Antonio, Texas. "Fort Sam Houston, TX • About Fort Sam Houston" (overview), US Army, 2007, webpageSH-Army. Known colloquially as "Fort Sam," it is named for the U.S. Senator from Texas, U.S. Represen ...
, Texas from personnel of the 3rd, 9th, and 30th Infantry Regiments, including Colonel
Julius Penn Julius A. Penn (February 19, 1865 - May 13, 1934) was a career officer in the United States Army. He attained the rank of brigadier general during World War I, and commanded 170th Infantry Brigade, 85th Division and 76th Infantry Brigade, 3 ...
, who left command of the 3rd Infantry to organize and train the 37th. Inactivated 20 October 1921 at Fort Wayne, Michigan. Assigned to the 9th Infantry Division 24 March 1923; Relieved from the 9th Division 1 August 1940. Activated, less Headquarters and Headquarters Company, at Fort Francis E. Warren, Wyoming. Moved to Fort Greely, Alaska on 13 July 1941 and Headquarters and Headquarters Company activated 1 August 1941 at
Unalaska Unalaska ( ale, Iluulux̂; russian: Уналашка) is the chief center of population in the Aleutian Islands. The city is in the Aleutians West Census Area, a regional component of the Unorganized Borough in the U.S. state of Alaska. Unalaska ...
, Alaska. Moved to
Adak Island Adak Island ( ale, Adaax, russian: Адак) or Father Island is an island near the western extent of the Andreanof Islands group of the Aleutian Islands in Alaska. Alaska's southernmost town, Adak, is located on the island. The island has a lan ...
26 November 1942 and to Atka 24 August 1943. Arrived at Prince Rupert Port of Embarkation, Canada, on 28 January 1944 and departed 5 February 1944. Arrived Camp White, Oregon, 8 February 1944 under Fourth Army] and attached to III Corps (United States), III Corps 15 February 1944. Transferred to Camp Phillips, Kansas 26 April 1944 under XVI Corps and assigned to XXXVI Corps on 17 July 1944. Arrived Fort Benning, Georgia 14 August 1944 under
Replacement and School Command The United States Replacement and School Command was a training and receiving formation of the United States Army during World War II. History It was established as part of the Army Ground Forces in March 1942, after it was noted that divis ...
where regiment conducted training for paratrooper volunteers from other branches of the Army. Inactivated 5 February 1945 at Fort Benning, Georgia. Activated 1 August 1946 at Fort Benning, Inactivated 25 January 1949 at Fort Sill, Oklahoma.


Campaign streamers

World War II * Aleutian Islands


Distinctive unit insignia

* Description A Silver color metal and enamel device in height consisting of a shield blazoned: Azure a fess wavy, in chief a mullet both Argent. Attached below the shield a Silver scroll inscribed "FOR FREEDOM" in Blue letters. * Symbolism This Regiment was organized at Fort Sam Houston in 1916 and served along the Rio Grande during its first years. The shield is blue for Infantry, with a wavy fess to denote the Rio Grande and the lone star of Texas. * Background The distinctive unit insignia was approved on 8 January 1941.


Coat of arms

*Blazon ** Shield: Azure a fess wavy, in chief a mullet both Argent. ** Crest: None **Motto FOR FREEDOM. *Symbolism ** Shield: This Regiment was organized at Fort Sam Houston in 1916 and served along the Rio Grande during its first years. The shield is blue for Infantry, with a wavy fess to denote the Rio Grande and the lone star of Texas. ** Crest: None. *Background: The coat of arms was approved on 19 January 1921. It was amended to add the motto on 8 January 1941.


See also

* Distinctive unit insignia


References


Sources

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