345th Airlift Squadron
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The 345th Airlift Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force squadron most recently assigned to the
19th Operations Group The 19th Operations Group (19 OG) is the operational flying component of the United States Air Force 19th Airlift Wing, stationed at Little Rock Air Force Base, Arkansas. Equipped with the Lockheed C-130 Hercules, the group provides part of Ai ...
at
Keesler Air Force Base Keesler Air Force Base is a United States Air Force base located in Biloxi, a city along the Gulf Coast in Harrison County, Mississippi, United States. The base is named in honor of aviator 2d Lt Samuel Reeves Keesler Jr., a Mississippi nati ...
, Mississippi, where it was inactivated in June 2014. The squadron was activated in the summer of 2010 as an "active duty associate" squadron, jointly operating the Lockheed C-130J Hercules aircraft of the
815th Airlift Squadron The 815th Airlift Squadron is a flying unit of the United States Air Force assigned to the Air Force Reserve Command and part of the 403d Wing at Keesler Air Force Base, Mississippi. It operates Lockheed C-130J Hercules aircraft providing gl ...
. The squadron was first activated as the 345th Troop Carrier Squadron in the
Air Force Reserve The Air Force Reserve Command (AFRC) is a MAJCOM, major command (MAJCOM) of the United States Air Force, with its headquarters at Robins Air Force Base, Georgia. It is the federal Air Reserve Component (ARC) of the U.S. Air Force, consisting of ...
in 1949 and trained at Memphis Municipal Airport, Tennessee. In 1951 it was called to active duty for the Korean War and served until 1953. In 1955, the unit was activated at Sewart Air Force Base, Tennessee as a rotary wing troop carrier assault unit in a test of the USAF's ability to support United States Army assault operations. It participated in Operation Sage Brush, which was, in part, a test of this concept. The squadron was inactivated the following year and its aircraft distributed to helicopter support organizations. A few months later the squadron was activated as a fixed wing troop carrier assault unit at Sewart and equipped with Fairchild C-123 Provider aircraft. It continued to fly the Provider until 1961 when it converted to the Lockheed C-130 Hercules. It has continued to fly various models of the Hercules ever since. In 1962, the squadron was moved to the Pacific area and came under the control of the
315th Air Division The 315th Air Division is an inactive United States Air Force formation. Originally designated the 315th Bombardment Wing, it was activated in July 1944 at Peterson Field, Colorado as a command and control organization for four very heavy B-29 Su ...
, which managed airlift resources for Pacific Air Forces. The squadron returned on paper to the United States a few months later and its personnel and equipment were transferred to another squadron. The 345th returned to the Pacific in 1965 and began to deploy C-130s to Southeast Asia, and in 1966 moved from Okinawa to Ching Chuan Kang Air Base, where it was assigned to the 314th Troop Carrier Wing. Following the end of the Viet Nam War, the squadron returned to Okinawa and served in the Pacific until it was inactivated in 1993.


Mission

The mission of the 345th Airlift Squadron is to provide combat support to commanders through theater combat delivery of personnel and resupply worldwide. To perform its mission, the squadron conducts airland,
aeromedical evacuation Aeromedical evacuation (AE) usually refers to the use of military transport aircraft to carry wounded personnel. The first recorded British ambulance flight took place in 1917 in the Sinai peninsula some 30 miles south of El Arish when a Royal ...
and tactical airdrop low level missions.


History


Reserve training and Korean War callup

At Memphis Municipal Airport, Tennessee in June 1949 when Continental Air Command implemented the wing base organization, in which combat groups and all supporting units on a base were assigned to a single wing, for its reserve units. At Memphis, it was assigned to the
516th Troop Carrier Group 516th may refer to: * 516th Aeronautical Systems Wing, wing of the United States Air Force assigned to Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio *516th Air Defense Group, disbanded United States Air Force organization * 516th Infantry Regiment (United ...
, which absorbed most of the reservists from the inactivating
95th Bombardment Group 95 or 95th may refer to: * 95 (number) * one of the years 95 BC, AD 95, 1995, 2095, etc. * 95th Division (disambiguation) * 95th Regiment ** 95th Regiment of Foot (disambiguation) * 95th Squadron (disambiguation) * Atomic number 95: americium * ...
. The squadron trained under the supervision of the 2584th Air Force Reserve Training Center at Memphis Municipal Airport, Tennessee until April 1951. The 345th was called to active duty that month and, along with other reserve troop carrier organizations mobilized for
Tactical Air Command Tactical Air Command (TAC) is an inactive United States Air Force organization. It was a Major Command of the United States Air Force, established on 21 March 1946 and headquartered at Langley Air Force Base, Virginia. It was inactivated on 1 J ...
during the Korean War, formed the new Eighteenth Air Force. It participated in tactical exercises and worldwide
airlift An airlift is the organized delivery of supplies or personnel primarily via military transport aircraft. Airlifting consists of two distinct types: strategic and tactical. Typically, strategic airlifting involves moving material long distanc ...
. It converted from
Curtiss C-46 Commando The Curtiss C-46 Commando is a twin-engine transport aircraft derived from the Curtiss CW-20 pressurised high-altitude airliner design. Early press reports used the name "Condor III" but the Commando name was in use by early 1942 in company pub ...
to Fairchild C-119 Flying Boxcar aircraft in 1952. The 345th was inactivated and replaced by the
772d Troop Carrier Squadron 77 may refer to: * 77 (number) * one of the years 77 BC, AD 77, 1977, 2077 Music * 77 (band), a Spanish hard rock band * ''77'' (Matt Kennon album) * '' Talking Heads: 77'', debut album by Talking Heads * ''77'' (Nude Beach album), an album by t ...
in January 1953.


Helicopter assault operations

The squadron was reactivated in 1955 and assigned to the 516th Troop Carrier Group at Sewart Air Force Base, Tennessee as the 345th Troop Carrier Squadron, Assault, Rotary Wing in part to test the United States Air Force's ability to provide helicopter airlift to the Army. The 345th was initially equipped with Sikorsky H-19 helicopters, but soon replaced them with
Piasecki H-21 The Piasecki H-21 Workhorse/Shawnee is an American helicopter, the fourth of a line of tandem rotor helicopters designed and built by Piasecki Helicopter (later Boeing Vertol). Commonly called "the flying banana", it was a multi-mission helicop ...
s. Its operations included participation in Operation Backlash II, which was a survey mission to fix the location of radar sites and support the construction of the Mid-Canada Line. The group also tested the evacuation of key high ranking personnel from Washington DC in the event of a nuclear attack. The squadron collected radiological samples at the Nevada Test Site during atomic tests. The conflict between the Army and the Air Force concerning the use of Air Force helicopters to support Army assault operations was tested in Operation Sage Brush. The 345th operated as part of the 20th Combat Airlift Division (Provisional) supporting Army Group Gulf', the aggressor force. The squadron's H-21s were dismantled and transported in
Douglas C-124 Globemaster II The Douglas C-124 Globemaster II, nicknamed "Old Shaky", is an American heavy-lift cargo aircraft built by the Douglas Aircraft Company in Long Beach, California. The C-124 was the primary heavy-lift transport for United States Air Force (USAF ...
aircraft in a test of air mobility. Following this test, the 345th was inactivated in July 1956. The helicopters of the squadron were transferred to the 20th Helicopter Squadron, whose mission was support for routine Air Force activities.


Fixed wing airlift in the United States

Three months later, the squadron was reactivated at Sewart as a Fairchild C-123 Provider unit. The squadron trained to airlift troops, equipment and supplies into combat zones, to resupply forces, and evacuate casualties. In 1958, most of the C-123s at Sewart were transferred to Pope Air Force Base, North Carolina and the squadron's parent
513th Troop Carrier Wing 513th may refer to: *513th Air Control Group, United States Air Force Reserve unit assigned to Tinker AFB, Oklahoma * 513th Electronic Warfare Squadron, United States Air Force unit assigned to the 53d Electronic Warfare Group at Eglin Air Force Ba ...
was inactivated. However, the unit continued to fly Providers at Sewart until 1961, when it converted to the Lockheed C-130 Hercules by exchanging crews and aircraft with the
62d Troop Carrier Squadron 6 (six) is the natural number following 5 and preceding 7. It is a composite number and the smallest perfect number. In mathematics Six is the smallest positive integer which is neither a square number nor a prime number; it is the second small ...
, which temporarily took over the 345th's Providers. In the spring of 1962, the squadron moved to the Pacific and Naha Air Base, Okinawa, where it was assigned to the
315th Air Division The 315th Air Division is an inactive United States Air Force formation. Originally designated the 315th Bombardment Wing, it was activated in July 1944 at Peterson Field, Colorado as a command and control organization for four very heavy B-29 Su ...
. Its first stay in the Pacific was brief, however, and on 8 January 1963 its mission, personnel and aircraft were transferred to the newly activated
35th Troop Carrier Squadron Military units *35th Fighter Wing, an air combat unit of the United States Air Force *35th Infantry Division (United States), a formation of the National Guard since World War I *35th Infantry Regiment (United States), a regiment created on 1 July 1 ...
, while the 345th returned on paper to
Dyess Air Force Base Dyess Air Force Base (AFB) is a United States Air Force (USAF) base located about southwest of downtown Abilene, Texas, and west of Fort Worth, Texas. The host unit at Dyess is the 7th Bomb Wing assigned to the Global Strike Command Ei ...
, Texas, where it was reunited with the 516th Troop Carrier Wing. While at Dyess the squadron participated in humanitarian airlift to New Orleans following a hurricane.


Vietnam war

As the United States Air Force (USAF) built up its forces in the Pacific as the Viet Nam War grew larger, however, the squadron returned to Naha in 1965. Four months later, it moved closer to the conflict at Ching Chuan Kang Air Base, Republic of China (usually called "CCK"). Although the squadron itself was not stationed in Viet Nam, it flew C-130s to augment task forces and other operational organizations during Vietnam War until 1973. In 1968, a member of the squadron, Lt. Col. Howard Dallman, was awarded the Air Force Cross for his heroism at Khe Sanh. Col Dallman was deployed to
Tuy Hoa Air Base Căn cứ không quân Tuy Hòa is a former air force base in Vietnam, being closed in 1970. It was built by the United States in 1966 and was used by the United States Air Force (USAF) during the Vietnam War in the II Corps Tactical Zone o ...
along with C-130s from the squadron. On 5 February he was on a mission to transport a load of ammunition and a medical evacuation team to Khe Sanh. The weather was forecast to be at the minimum for an instrument approach, which made landing at the mountain-girded strip a challenge. The challenge was increased when the crew discovered that Khe Sanh's
ground-controlled approach In aviation a ground-controlled approach (GCA), is a type of service provided by air-traffic controllers whereby they guide aircraft to a safe landing, including in adverse weather conditions, based on primary radar images. Most commonly a GCA uses ...
radar was out of commission. The crew's navigator. Maj. Gerald Johnson, was confident he could make a successful airborne radar approach, and the plane broke out of the overcast at three hundred feet above the airstrip. As the C-130 came to a stop, it was hit by a shell that ignited ammunition boxes in the cargo compartment. The crew immediately began fighting the fire while Dallman began backing up the plane to an area at the far end of the runway, where if the ammunition exploded it would not destroy the runway and support facilities nearby. The crew, with help from the Khe Sanh fire truck extinguished the fire and helped offload the ammo boxes. As the last pallet of ammunition was unloaded, one of the plane's tires was blown by a sniper's bullet, and a mortar attack bracketed the C-130. The plane, which was drawing most of the fire, was towed for a short distance, then taxied to a maintenance area. There the damaged wheel was changed while the plane remained under fire from mortars, rockets, artillery, and heavy machine guns. While the wheel was being changed, Dallman agreed to fly an out-of-commission bulldozer back to
Da Nang Air Base Da Nang Air Base ( vi, Căn cứ không quân Đà Nẵng) (1930s–1975) (also known as Da Nang Airfield, Tourane Airfield or Tourane Air Base) was a French Air Force and later Republic of Vietnam Air Force (RVNAF) facility located in the city ...
. As the aircraft positioned for takeoff, one engine, which had ingested debris from an exploding mortar round, quit. The 20,000-pound bulldozer had to be unloaded. Dallman left the plane to get permission to attempt a three-engine takeoff, but the crew managed to get the fourth engine started. The plane was hit again as it took off, but without serious damage. Dallman and his crew saved a valuable transport plane, delivered a load of ammunition to the surrounded Marines, and prevented major damage to a battered outpost. For dealing heroically with a series of crises that day, Dallman was awarded the Air Force Cross, the first tactical airlift crewman to be so honored. In May 1971, the USAF withdrew its tactical units from Naha Air Base. As a result, the 374th Tactical Airlift Wing moved to CCK, assuming the place of the 314th wing (which returned to the US) and becoming the 345th squadron's headquarters. As C-123 and DeHavilland Canada C-7A Caribou aircraft were transferred to the Republic of Vietnam Air Force, the 374th wing became responsible for all C-130 airlift in South Vietnam. In late 1973, with the termination of USAF involvement in Viet Nam, all tactical units were withdrawn from CCK and the squadron returned to Okinawa at Kadena Air Base.


Pacific airlift

Following the end of hostilities in Southeast Asia, the squadron provided tactical, aeromedical, and operational support to Department of Defense agencies throughout the Pacific region from Kadena, and later from Yokota Air Base, until 1993. In December 1990, the squadron deployed to participate in Operation
Desert Shield The Gulf War was a 1990–1991 armed campaign waged by a Coalition of the Gulf War, 35-country military coalition in response to the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait. Spearheaded by the United States, the coalition's efforts against Ba'athist Iraq, ...
. It provided crews to the 1661st Tactical Airlift Squadron (Provisional) in Oman and the 1676th Tactical Airlift Squadron (Provisional) at King Fahd Airport, Saudi Arabia.


Active duty associate unit

The squadron was redesignated the 345th Airlift Squadron and activated in August 2010 at
Keesler Air Force Base Keesler Air Force Base is a United States Air Force base located in Biloxi, a city along the Gulf Coast in Harrison County, Mississippi, United States. The base is named in honor of aviator 2d Lt Samuel Reeves Keesler Jr., a Mississippi nati ...
, Mississippi. At Keesler, it is an "active duty associate" unit. It is assigned no aircraft of its own, but its crews fly the C-130J aircraft of the
815th Airlift Squadron The 815th Airlift Squadron is a flying unit of the United States Air Force assigned to the Air Force Reserve Command and part of the 403d Wing at Keesler Air Force Base, Mississippi. It operates Lockheed C-130J Hercules aircraft providing gl ...
of
Air Force Reserve Command The Air Force Reserve Command (AFRC) is a major command (MAJCOM) of the United States Air Force, with its headquarters at Robins Air Force Base, Georgia. It is the federal Air Reserve Component (ARC) of the U.S. Air Force, consisting of commiss ...
. Although the squadron is assigned to the
19th Operations Group The 19th Operations Group (19 OG) is the operational flying component of the United States Air Force 19th Airlift Wing, stationed at Little Rock Air Force Base, Arkansas. Equipped with the Lockheed C-130 Hercules, the group provides part of Ai ...
at
Little Rock Air Force Base Little Rock Air Force Base is a United States Air Force base located approximately northeast of Little Rock, Arkansas. Little Rock AFB is the primary C-130 Hercules training base for the Department of Defense, training C-130 pilots, navi ...
, it is under the operational control of the
403d Wing The 403rd Wing is a unit of the United States Air Force assigned to the Air Force Reserve Command The Air Force Reserve Command (AFRC) is a major command (MAJCOM) of the United States Air Force, with its headquarters at Robins Air Force Base, ...
at Keesler. The squadron performed its first deployment in January 2011 to Afghanistan. Together with members of the 815th and the
41st Airlift Squadron The 41st Airlift Squadron is a United States Air Force unit assigned to the Air Mobility Command's 19th Airlift Wing at Little Rock Air Force Base, Arkansas. It operates Lockheed C-130J Super Hercules aircraft. The 41st AS became Air Mobility ...
, they formed the
772d Expeditionary Airlift Squadron The 772nd Expeditionary Airlift Squadron is a provisional United States Air Force unit, assigned to Air Combat Command to activate or inactivate as needed. Its most recent known deployment was with the 451st Air Expeditionary Wing at Kandah ...
at Kandahar Airfield. Through airdrops of supplies to expeditionary forces in Afghanistan the deployed squadron members were able to avoid the need to dispatch convoys through dangerous areas to supply remote units. The squadron deployed again from 9 May to 16 September 2012. Under the Force Structure Action Implementation Plan, the 345th and 815th squadrons were programmed to move to Pope Air Force Base, North Carolina on 1 October 2013. In August the Air Force announced that the move was being delayed until at least April 2014. The squadron was inactivated in June, although most active duty members were transferred to other units in April, resulting in the unit inactivation ceremony being held in late April.


Lineage

* Constituted as the 345th Troop Carrier Squadron, Medium on 10 May 1949 * Activated in the reserve on 26 June 1949 * Ordered to active service on 16 April 1951 * Inactivated on 16 January 1953 : Redesignated 345th Troop Carrier Squadron, Assault, Rotary Wing on 8 December 1954 * Activated on 8 March 1955 * Inactivated on 9 July 1956 : Redesignated 345th Troop Carrier Squadron, Assault, Fixed Wing on 27 July 1956 * Activated on 8 October 1956 : Redesignated as 345th Troop Carrier Squadron, Assault on 1 July 1958 : Redesignated as 345th Troop Carrier Squadron, Medium on 18 December 1961 : Redesignated as 345th Troop Carrier Squadron on 8 December 1965 : Redesignated as 345th Tactical Airlift Squadron on 1 August 1967 : Redesignated as 345th Airlift Squadron on 1 April 1992 * Inactivated on 1 July 1993 : Redesignated as 345th Expeditionary Airlift Flight and converted to provisional status on 29 September 2004 * Withdrawn from provisional status on 9 September 2009 : Redesignated as 345th Airlift Squadron on 7 July 2010 * Activated on 6 August 2010Lineage, including assignments, stations, commanders and aircraft in Robertson, AFHRA Factsheet * Inactivated in June 2014


Assignments

* 516th Troop Carrier Group, 26 June 1949 – 16 January 1953 * 516th Troop Carrier Group, 8 March 1955 – 9 July 1956 * Eighteenth Air Force, 8 October 1956 (attached to
513th Troop Carrier Group 513th may refer to: *513th Air Control Group, United States Air Force Reserve unit assigned to Tinker AFB, Oklahoma * 513th Electronic Warfare Squadron, United States Air Force unit assigned to the 53d Electronic Warfare Group at Eglin Air Force Ba ...
) * Ninth Air Force, 1 September 1957 (attached to 513th Troop Carrier Group) * 839th Air Division, 8 October 1957 (attached to
513th Troop Carrier Wing 513th may refer to: *513th Air Control Group, United States Air Force Reserve unit assigned to Tinker AFB, Oklahoma * 513th Electronic Warfare Squadron, United States Air Force unit assigned to the 53d Electronic Warfare Group at Eglin Air Force Ba ...
until 12 November 1958, 314th Troop Carrier Wing, until c. 15 May 1962) * 315th Air Division, 1 June 1962 * 516th Troop Carrier Wing, 8 January 1963 * 315th Air Division, 27 November 1966 (attached to 6315th Operations Group) * 314th Troop Carrier Wing (later 314th Tactical Airlift Wing), 25 March 1966; *
374th Tactical Airlift Wing The 374th Airlift Wing is a unit of the United States Air Force assigned to Fifth Air Force. It is stationed at Yokota Air Base, Japan. It is part of Pacific Air Forces. The 374th Airlift Wing is the only airlift wing in PACAF and provides airl ...
, 31 May 1971 *
316th Tactical Airlift Group The 316th Operations Group (316 OG) was the flying component of the Air Force District of Washington 316th Wing, stationed at Andrews Air Force Base, Maryland. Its World War II predecessor unit, the 316th Troop Carrier Group was a highly decor ...
, 1 October 1978 * 374th Tactical Airlift Wing, 1 October 1989 *
374th Operations Group The 374th Operations Group (374 OG) is the operational flying component of the United States Air Force 374th Airlift Wing. It is stationed at Yokota Air Base, Japan. The unit's World War II predecessor unit, the 374th Troop Carrier Group opera ...
, 1 April 1992 – 1 July 1993 *
Air Mobility Command Air Mobility Command (AMC) is a major command (MAJCOM) of the U.S. Air Force. It is headquartered at Scott Air Force Base, Illinois, east of St. Louis, Missouri. Air Mobility Command was established on 1 June 1992, and was formed from elements ...
to activate or inactivate at any time on or after 29 September 2004 *
19th Operations Group The 19th Operations Group (19 OG) is the operational flying component of the United States Air Force 19th Airlift Wing, stationed at Little Rock Air Force Base, Arkansas. Equipped with the Lockheed C-130 Hercules, the group provides part of Ai ...
, 6 August 2010 – June 2014


Stations

* Memphis Municipal Airport, Tennessee, 26 June 1949 – 16 January 1953 * Sewart Air Force Base, Tennessee, 8 March 1955 – 9 July 1956 * Sewart Air Force Base, Tennessee, 8 October 1956 – 15 May 1962 * Naha Air Base, Okinawa, Japan, 2 June 1962 *
Dyess Air Force Base Dyess Air Force Base (AFB) is a United States Air Force (USAF) base located about southwest of downtown Abilene, Texas, and west of Fort Worth, Texas. The host unit at Dyess is the 7th Bomb Wing assigned to the Global Strike Command Ei ...
, Texas, 8 January 1963 * Naha Air Base, Okinawa, 27 November 1965 * Ching Chuan Kang Air Base, Taiwan, 20 March 1966 * Kadena Air Base, Okinawa, Japan, 1 December 1973 * Yokota Air Base, Japan, 1 September 1975 – 1 July 1993 * Keesler Air Force Base, Mississippi, 6 August 2010 – June 2014


Commanders

* Unknown 26 June 1949 – 17 April 1951 * Maj Fred H. Towne Jr., 17 April 1951 * Lt Col Benjamin F. Kelly, 8 Sep 1952–1953 * Maj James F. Fowler, 1955 * Maj Gregg D. Hartley, 19 May-9 Jun 1956 * Maj James F. Fowler, 1956 * Lt Col Perry H. Penn, 19 February 1957 * Lt Col Robert J. Marks, 21 January 1960 * Lt Col Joseph H. Griffith Jr., 20 Oct 1961-unknown * Lt Col Richard D. Cote, unknown-8 Jan 1963 * Lt Col Raymond E. Carleton, 8 January 1963 * Lt Col William M. Cossaboom, 1 April 1964 * Lt Col Angelo N. Castanza, 31 January 1965 * Lt Col John H. Hazel, 30 June 1965 * Lt Col Leland A. Younkin, 5 November 1965 * Lt Col Robert J. Craig, 16 October 1966 * Lt Col John A. Zimmerman, 3 July 1967 * Lt Col Edward T. Davis, 1 May 1968 * Lt Col Loren A. Stoddard, 1 July 1968 – unknown * Lt Col Thomas J. Leonard, by 30 Sep 1970-unknown * Lt Col William F. Ellis, by 31 May 1971 * Lt Col Philip J. Riede, 4 February 1972 * Lt Col James S. Kinney, 31 January 1974 * Lt Col Harold W. Reed, 6 June 1975 * Col Charles A. Vickery, 21 January 1977 * Lt Col Roland L. Tharp, 1 March 1978 * Lt Col Sherman W. Bear, 28 June 1979 * Lt Col Frederick N. Buckingham, 17 November 1980 * Lt Col Daniel E. Sowada, 23 July 1982 * Lt Col Gregory G. Kirkland, 29 June 1984 * Lt Col John W. Brooks, 27 June 1986 * Lt Col Terry H. Messer, 6 July 1988 * Lt Col Edward J. McClure Jr., 12 January 1990 * Lt Col Edward J. Feeney Jr., 1 April 1992 – unknown * Lt Col Craig L. Williams, 6 August 2010 – unknown


Aircraft

* Curtiss C-46 Commando, 1949–1952 * Fairchild C-119 Flying Boxcar, 1952–1953 * Sikorsky H-19, 1955 * Piasecki H-21 Workhorse ("Flying Banana"), 1955–1956 * Fairchild C-123 Provider, 1956–1961 * Lockheed C-130 Hercules, 1961–1963, 1963–1965, 1965–1993, 2010–2014


Awards and campaigns


See also


References


Notes


Bibliography

* * *
AF Pamphlet 900-2, Unit Decorations, Awards and Campaign Participation Credits
Department of the Air Force, Washington, DC, 15 June 1971 Further reading * * (Capt Vaughan was a pilot with the 345th Tactical Airlift Squadron)


External links

* * * * {{Tactical Air Command Airlift squadrons of the United States Air Force Military units and formations established in 1949