30e Escadre de Chasse

The 30e Escadre de Chasse or 30th Hunter Escadre (french: 30^e Escadre de Chasse) is a wing of the Fighter Brigade of the French Air and Space Force. It consists of several flying squadrons and support units.

History

Tours

Representing the traditions of the Night Hunter Fighter Group 1/31- Groupe de Chasse de Nuit 1/31 Lorraine, the 30th Mixed Instruction and Night Hunter Escadre - 30^e Escadre Mixte d'Instruction et de Chasse de Nuit was created on 1 May 1953 on the base of Tours. Flying the Gloster Meteor NF.11, the latter comprised three night hunter fighter squadrons : Escadron de Chasse de Nuit (ECN) 1/30 Loire, Escadron de Chasse de Nuit 2/30 Camargue , Escadron de Chasse de Nuit 3/30 Lorraine. The "Camargue" possessed a couple of Meteor Mk.7 for the transformation of new pilots on the English jet.
As of 1957, the Escadre passed to Vautour IIN and became an all-weather fighter wing - the 30^e Escadre de Chasse Tout Temps on 1 May 1957. During the same time, the Camargue Squadron was dissolved.

At Reims on Vautour

With the return from Morocco of the Hunter Fighter Pilot School (french: l'Ecole de Chasse) which left Aerial Base 708 Meknes (french: Meknès) and moved to Tours Air Base, the 30th Escadre moved to Reims, however the latter's squadrons were spread over three bases. Between October 1961 and July 1962, the "1/30 Loire" was attached to the 10^e Escadre de Chasse (french: 10^e Escadre de Chasse) at Aerial Base 110 Creil (french: Creil). The "3/30 Lorraine" garrisoned at Reims. The 2/6 Normandie-Niemen left the Aerial Base 141 Oran la Sénia (french: Oran la Sénia) for Aerial Base 115 Orange-Caritat (french: Orange), where the later became the 2/30 Normandie-Niemen.

In July 1965 the "1/30 Loire", which had garrisoned at Reims since August 1962, was dissolved.

One year later the "2/30" left Orange to move to Reims.

The two squadrons of the 30^e Escadre flew on Vautour IIN until 1973.

On Mirage F1C

On 20 December 1973 the seven Mirage F1C arrived at Reims to equip the 2/30 Normandie-Niemen. The 30e ECTT became then the 30e Escadre de Chasse (30e EC).

Following the dissolution of the 10^e Escadre de Chasse and the closure of the Aerial Base of Creil in June 1985, the Hunter Fighter Squadron - Escadron de Chasse 1/10 Valois recently transformed on Mirage F1C garrisoned at Reims and became the "1/30 Valois".

The 30^e EC accordingly possessed three Hunter Fighter Squadrons, each equipped with 15 single-seat Mirage F1C.

On 1 July 1988 the "3/10 Vexin" on the Aerial Base of Djibouti, on Mirage F1C, was attached to the 30^e Escadre while assuming the denomination of "4/30 Vexin".

In July 1988 the "3/30" inherited pilots on the Mirage F1 from the transformation mission (until then reserved for the Fighter Hunter Squadron -Escadron de chasse 3/5 Comtat Venaissin (french: Escadron de chasse 3/5 Comtat Venaissin) on Aerial Base 115 Orange-Caritat). The squadron gained the enrichment of the third Escadrille (SPA 62) and Mirage F1B biplaces.

The end

The 30^e Escadre de Chasse was dissolved on the Aerial Base of Reims on 27 June 1994. The "1/30 Valois" was dissolved the same day, while the other three squadrons kept for a couple more years their inherited enumeration of the "30".

The recreation

The 30^e Escadre de Chasse was reformed on the Aerial Base 118 Mont-de-Marsan (french: base de Mont-de-Marsan) on 3 September 2015. The Escadre is equipped with multi-role hunters (french: chasseurs) Dassault Rafale.

Composition

As of 9 September 2015 the 30^e Escadre is composed of the following units:

* Escadron de chasse et d'expérimentation 5/330 Côte d'Argent (french: Escadron de chasse et d'expérimentation 1/30 Côte d'Argent)
* Escadron de Chasse 2/30 Normandie-Niemen
* Escadron de Chasse 3/30 Lorraine
* Escadron de soutien technique aéronautique ESTA.15/30 Chalosse
* Centre de formation Rafale 23/30
* Équipe technique interarmées Rafale 61/30

Historic Squadrons

Loire

* Escadron de Chasse 1/30 Loire (french: Escadron de chasse 1/30 Loire) : from 1 May 1953 until 1 October 1961 and from 1 July 1962 until 1 March 1965.

Camargue

* Escadron de Chasse 2/30 Camargue

Lorraine

* Escadron de Chasse 3/30 Lorraine
* Escadron de Chasse Tout Temps 3/30 Lorraine

Normandie-Niémen

* Escadron de Chasse 2/30 Normandie-Niemen
* Escadron de Chasse Tout Temps 2/30 Normandie-Niémen

Valois

* Escadron de chasse 1/30 Valois (french: Escadron de chasse 1/30 Valois)

Vexin

* Escadron de chasse 4/30 Vexin (french: Escadron de chasse 4/30 Vexin)

Air Bases

* Air Base 705 Tours (french: BA705 Tours): from 1 May 1953 to March 1961
* Air Base 112 Reims-Champagne (french: BA112 Reims): from March 1961 to 27 June 1994
* Air Base 118 Djibouti (french: BA188 Djibouti): from 1 August 1988 until 27 June 1994
* Mont-de-Marsan Air Base: from 3 September 2015 - present

Aircraft

* Gloster Meteor NF.11 (1953-1957)
* MD-315 (1954-1972)
* Vautour IIN (1957-1974)
* Mirage F1C (1973-1994)
* Mirage F1B (1988-1994)
* Dassault Rafale (as of September 2015)

References

{{Reflist, 30em

Military units and formations of the French Air and Space Force
Fighter aircraft units and formations
Military units and formations established in 2015
fr:30e escadre de chasse