The enzyme 3-phytase (EC 3.1.3.8)
catalyzes
Catalysis () is the process of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction by adding a substance known as a catalyst (). Catalysts are not consumed in the reaction and remain unchanged after it. If the reaction is rapid and the catalyst recyc ...
the reaction
: ''myo''-inositol hexakisphosphate + H
2O = 1
D-''myo''-inositol 1,2,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate + phosphate
''myo''-Inositol hexakisphosphate is also known as
phytic acid
Phytic acid is a six-fold dihydrogenphosphate ester of inositol (specifically, of the ''myo'' isomer), also called inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) or inositol polyphosphate. At physiological pH, the phosphates are partially ionized, resulting ...
.
These enzymes belongs to the family of
hydrolase
Hydrolase is a class of enzyme that commonly perform as biochemical catalysts that use water to break a chemical bond, which typically results in dividing a larger molecule into smaller molecules. Some common examples of hydrolase enzymes are este ...
s, specifically those acting on phosphoric
monoester
In chemistry, an ester is a compound derived from an oxoacid (organic or inorganic) in which at least one hydroxyl group () is replaced by an alkoxy group (), as in the substitution reaction of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. Glycerides are fa ...
bonds. The
systematic name A systematic name is a name given in a systematic way to one unique group, organism, object or chemical substance, out of a specific population or collection. Systematic names are usually part of a nomenclature.
A semisystematic name or semitrivial ...
''myo''-inositol-hexakisphosphate 3-phosphohydrolase. Other names in common use include 1-phytase, phytate 1-phosphatase, phytate 3-phosphatase, and phytate 6-phosphatase.
Enzymes of this type participate in
inositol phosphate
Inositol phosphates are a group of mono- to hexaphosphorylated inositols. They play crucial roles in diverse cellular functions, such as cell growth, apoptosis, cell migration, endocytosis, and cell differentiation.
The group comprises:
* inositol ...
metabolism.
Structural studies
As of late 2007, 12
structures
A structure is an arrangement and organization of interrelated elements in a material object or system, or the object or system so organized. Material structures include man-made objects such as buildings and machines and natural objects such as ...
have been solved for this class of enzymes, with
PDB accession codes , , , , , , , , , , , and .
See also
*
4-phytase
The enzyme 4-phytase () catalyzes the following reaction:
: ''myo''-inositol hexakisphosphate + H2O \rightleftharpoons 1D-''myo''-inositol 1,2,3,5,6-pentakisphosphate + phosphate
''myo''-Inositol hexakisphosphate is also known as phytic acid.
T ...
(6-phytase)
*
5-phytase
The enzyme 5-phytase (EC 3.1.3.72) catalyzes the reaction
:''myo''-inositol hexakisphosphate + H2O = 1L-''myo''-inositol 1,2,3,4,6-pentakisphosphate + phosphate
''myo''-Inositol hexakisphosphate is also known as phytic acid.
These enzymes belong ...
*
Protein tyrosine phosphatase
Protein tyrosine phosphatases (EC 3.1.3.48, systematic name protein-tyrosine-phosphate phosphohydrolase) are a group of enzymes that remove phosphate groups from phosphorylated tyrosine residues on proteins:
: proteintyrosine phosphate + H2O = ...
References
EC 3.1.3
Enzymes of known structure
{{3.1-enzyme-stub