Legislative elections were held in
Mexico
Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...
on 6 June 2021. Voters elected 500 deputies (300 in single-member constituencies by
first-past-the-post
In a first-past-the-post electoral system (FPTP or FPP), formally called single-member plurality voting (SMP) when used in single-member districts or informally choose-one voting in contrast to ranked voting, or score voting, voters cast their ...
, 200 by
proportional representation
Proportional representation (PR) refers to a type of electoral system under which subgroups of an electorate are reflected proportionately in the elected body. The concept applies mainly to geographical (e.g. states, regions) and political divis ...
) to sit in the
Chamber of Deputies
The chamber of deputies is the lower house in many bicameral legislatures and the sole house in some unicameral legislatures.
Description
Historically, French Chamber of Deputies was the lower house of the French Parliament during the Bourbon R ...
for the
65th Congress
The 65th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from March 4, 1917, to ...
.
On 5 December 2020, the
National Action Party, the
Institutional Revolutionary Party
The Institutional Revolutionary Party ( es, Partido Revolucionario Institucional, ; abbr. PRI) is a political party in Mexico that was founded in 1929 and held uninterrupted power in the country for 71 years, from 1929 to 2000, first as the Nati ...
and the
Party of the Democratic Revolution
The Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD, es, Partido de la Revolución Democrática, ) is a social democratic political party in Mexico. The PRD originated from the Democratic Current, a political faction formed in 1986 from the Institut ...
announced an electoral alliance, ''
Va por México
VA, Va and variants may refer to:
Places
* Vä, Sweden, a village
* Vatican City (ISO 3166-1 country code VA)
* Virginia, United States postal abbreviation
Businesses and organizations Businesses
* VA Software (also known as "VA Research" and "V ...
'' ("Go For Mexico").
Morena
Morena is the headquarter city of Morena district, in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. It is governed by a municipality corporation. It is also the administrative headquarters of the Chambal division. It is from Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh.
G ...
, the Labour Party and the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico formed the ''
Juntos Hacemos Historia
Juntos Hacemos Historia ( en, Together We Make History) is a Mexican electoral alliance formed by the National Regeneration Movement (MORENA), the Labor Party (PT) and the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (PVEM) to compete in the 2021 legislative ...
'' (″Together we make history″) coalition. Both alliances were approved by the
National Electoral Institute
The Instituto Nacional Electoral (INE) (English for ''National Electoral Institute'') (formerly Federal Electoral Institute (, IFE)) is an autonomous, public agency responsible for organizing federal elections in Mexico, that is, those relate ...
(INE).
The INE issued a statement on 3 February 2021 saying that it would not be prudent to postpone the election because of the
COVID-19 pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as the coronavirus pandemic, is an ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The novel virus was first identif ...
and doing so could even trigger a
constitutional crisis
In political science, a constitutional crisis is a problem or conflict in the function of a government that the political constitution or other fundamental governing law is perceived to be unable to resolve. There are several variations to this d ...
by delaying the opening of the 65th Congress. INE board president
Lorenzo Córdova Vianello
Lorenzo Córdova Vianello (born 6 February 1972) is a Mexican academic who is the Director of the Instituto Nacional Electoral.
Career
On 3 April 2014, the Chamber of Deputies elected Córdova as the presiding counselor of the National Elect ...
noted the successful elections in Hidalgo and Coahuila in October 2020.
On 13 April 2021, the INE canceled the registrations of Manuel Guillermo Chapman (
Morena
Morena is the headquarter city of Morena district, in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. It is governed by a municipality corporation. It is also the administrative headquarters of the Chambal division. It is from Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh.
G ...
), Ana Elizabeth Ayala Leyva, (
Juntos Haremos Historia
Juntos Haremos Historia () was a Mexican political coalition encompassing the National Regeneration Movement (MORENA), Labor Party (PT), and Social Encounter Party (PES), the latter of which was consequently absorbed into the National Regenerati ...
), and Raúl Tadeo Nava (
Labor Party) for failure to certify their lack of involvement in gender violence. On June 3, INE warned about possible sanctions on Catholic bishops, in particular
Juan Sandoval Íñiguez
Juan Sandoval Íñiguez (; born 28 March 1933 in Yahualica de González Gallo, Jalisco, Mexico) is a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, and served as Archbishop of Guadalajara.
Ecclesiastical career
He is a son of Esteban Sandoval Ruiz an ...
, for their interference in the elections.
The elections were Mexico's largest in history and were tainted by several political assassinations and the
COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico
The COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico is part of the ongoing worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 () caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ().
The virus was confirmed to have reached Mexico in February 2020. Howe ...
.
Parties
![Elecciones federales de México de 2021 - 2](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/Elecciones_federales_de_M%C3%A9xico_de_2021_-_2.jpg)
Two alliances took part:
Juntos Hacemos Historia
Juntos Hacemos Historia ( en, Together We Make History) is a Mexican electoral alliance formed by the National Regeneration Movement (MORENA), the Labor Party (PT) and the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (PVEM) to compete in the 2021 legislative ...
and
Va por México
VA, Va and variants may refer to:
Places
* Vä, Sweden, a village
* Vatican City (ISO 3166-1 country code VA)
* Virginia, United States postal abbreviation
Businesses and organizations Businesses
* VA Software (also known as "VA Research" and "V ...
.
Two alliances were formed for the 2021 legislative election. Both are partial alliances, running joint candidates in most districts but running individual candidates in others.
On 22 December 2020,
PRI,
PAN, and
PRD announced the electoral alliance
Va por México
VA, Va and variants may refer to:
Places
* Vä, Sweden, a village
* Vatican City (ISO 3166-1 country code VA)
* Virginia, United States postal abbreviation
Businesses and organizations Businesses
* VA Software (also known as "VA Research" and "V ...
. The alliance initially planned to run together in 180 of the 300 electoral districts, but on 23 December, the last day of registration, announced that they would only run together in 171 districts. On February 15, 2021 the
Instituto Nacional Electoral
The Instituto Nacional Electoral (INE) (English for ''National Electoral Institute'') (formerly Federal Electoral Institute (, IFE)) is an autonomous, public agency responsible for organizing federal elections in Mexico, that is, those relat ...
(INE) approved the expansion of the coalition to a total of 219 districts. PRI represents the alliance in 77 districts, PAN in 72, and PRD in 70.
In December 2020 Morena,
PT, and
PVEM
The Ecological Green Party of Mexico ( es, Partido Verde Ecologista de México, , PVEM or PVE) is a green-conservative political party in Mexico. In the 2012 legislative elections, the party took 34 seats in the Chamber of Deputies (out of 50 ...
announced an electoral alliance, running together in 150 of the 300 electoral districts. On March 18, 2021 the coalition was expanded to cover 183 districts. The alliance is represented by MORENA in 88 districts, PT in 50, and PVEM in 45.
Mexican law requires political parties to obtain at least 3% of the vote to be registered. Registration allows the party to postulate candidates and receive subsidies for campaign expenses (MXN $161.9 million or US$8.1 million each in 2021). Based on 2021 PREP results,
Progressive Social Networks
Progressive Social Networks ( es, Redes Sociales Progresistas, RSP) was a Mexican center-left political party formed in 2020.
History
RSP was founded on January 19, 2019, as a civil association, by Juan Iván Peña Neder. Over the course of the ...
,
Solidarity Encounter Party
The Solidarity Encounter Party ( es, Partido Encuentro Solidario, PES) was a political party in Mexico. The party president was Hugo Eric Flores Cervantes.
It was the functional replacement for the Social Encounter Party, a Christian-oriented, ...
, and
Force for Mexico
Fuerza por Mexico ( es, Fuerza por México, FXM) was a Mexican political party. The party was progressive and sought to revolutionize the country's electoral demographic and break from the nation's traditional parties.
History
In January 2019, ...
will lose their registration. RSP, affiliated with teachers′ union leader
Elba Esther Gordillo
Elba Esther Gordillo Morales (; 6 February 1945) is a Mexican politician who has been the leader of the 1.4-million-strong National Education Workers' Union (''Sindicato Nacional de Trabajadores de la Educación'', or SNTE), the largest labor ...
, had 839,000 (1.76%) votes; PES, affiliated with evangelist
Hugo Eric Flores, had 296,568 (2.73%) votes; and FM, affiliated with Senator
Ricardo Monreal, had 178,000 (2.48%) votes. The parties have the opportunity to reorganize for the next election.
Distribution of electoral districts by coalition
Opinion polls
Controversies
Possibility of post-election protests
Prior Mexican elections have been fraught with accusations of election fraud, this had led to massive protests after the majority of Mexican elections in the past two decades. The 2021 legislative election did not cause protests. In a speech on June 14 , Mexican President
Andrés Manuel López Obrador
Andrés Manuel López Obrador (; born 13 November 1953), also known by his initials AMLO, is a Mexican politician who has been serving as the 65th president of Mexico since 1 December 2018. He previously served as Head of Government of Mexico ...
said "We must celebrate it, because we achieved our purpose: to establish in Mexico an authentic, a true democracy."
Political assassinations
The runup to the 2021 legislative election in Mexico was filled with political assassinations. More than 91 politicians were killed, 14 of them being candidates. This political violence led to the 2021 elections being labeled as the second most deadly election since the year 2000.
Absentee voting
Mexican citizens from eleven states who live overseas can vote electronically or by mail. Most of the elections are for governor, but overseas citizens registered in Mexico City, Jalisco, and Guerrero will be able to vote in state legislative elections.
INE approved a pilot program allowing prison inmates who are held in
protective custody
Protective custody (PC) is a type of imprisonment (or care) to protect a person from harm, either from outside sources or other prisoners. Many prison administrators believe the level of violence, or the underlying threat of violence within pri ...
in
Hermosillo
Hermosillo (), formerly called Pitic (as in ''Santísima Trinidad del Pitic'' and ''Presidio del Pitic''), is a city located in the center of the northwestern Mexican state of Sonora. It is the municipal seat of the Hermosillo Municipality, Her ...
(District 4, Sonora);
Villa Comaltitlán, Chiapas;
Coatlán del Río (District 4 Jojutla, Morelos); and Buena Vista Tomatlán (District 12
Apatzingán
Apatzingán (in full, Apatzingán de la Constitución) is a city and municipal seat of the municipality of Apatzingán in the west-central region of the Mexican state of Michoacán.
Geography
The Municipality of Apatzingán is located in the Ti ...
, Michoacán) to vote absentee from May 17–19, 2021. The present order covers only male inmates, but it may be extended to females.
Results
The results were a stalemate. The Morena coalition (
Juntos Hacemos Historia
Juntos Hacemos Historia ( en, Together We Make History) is a Mexican electoral alliance formed by the National Regeneration Movement (MORENA), the Labor Party (PT) and the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (PVEM) to compete in the 2021 legislative ...
) retained their majority in the Chamber of Deputies, but lost a significant number of seats to the opposition coalition (
Va por México
VA, Va and variants may refer to:
Places
* Vä, Sweden, a village
* Vatican City (ISO 3166-1 country code VA)
* Virginia, United States postal abbreviation
Businesses and organizations Businesses
* VA Software (also known as "VA Research" and "V ...
). The opposition was able to gain enough seats to block Morena from the two-thirds majority required to make constitutional amendments. The Morena coalition won with over 44% of the popular vote. Morena and its allies performed very well in gubernatorial races winning about half of Mexico’s 32 governorships.
Because Morena does not have a super-majority or a majority with Morena alone, there are questions about how that will impact legislative goals. Some say
López Obrador
López is a surname of Spanish origin.
It was originally a patronymic, meaning "Son of Lope", ''Lope'' itself being a Spanish given name deriving from Latin ''lupus'', meaning "wolf". Its Portuguese and Galician equivalent is '' Lopes'', its It ...
might negotiate to bring his policies to fruition. Others say he could attempt to flex his executive muscle and brute force changes by using his powers as president.
The 2021 Mexican legislative election also proved that the opposition performs stronger when they are allied together. With their alliance, the opposition stands a chance at denying Morena a legislative majority or even the presidency in the 2024 elections.
The election had a voter turnout of 52.6% with 48.9 million votes cast, the largest midterm election in Mexican history.
The results of the INE's official
quick count
Quick count is a method for verification of election results by projecting them from a sample of the polling stations.
The similar Parallel Vote Tabulation (PVT) is an election observation methodology that is typically based on a representative ra ...
were announced around midnight Mexico City time. It reported a voter percentage of around 35% for Morena, with the following approximate results for the other parties:
PAN, 19%;
PRI, 18%;
PRD, 3.5%;
Green Ecologist Party, 5%; and the
Labor Party, 3%.
See also
*
2021 Mexican local elections
*
2021 Mexican gubernatorial elections
Local elections are scheduled to be held in Mexico on June 6, 2021. Local elections will be held for thirty state congresses, 1,900 town halls (''ayuntamientos'' or municipalities), Mexico City borough mayors, municipal boards and municipal pre ...
*
2021 in Mexican politics and government
Events pertaining to 2021 in Mexican politics and government.
Monthly events January
*January 1
**The minimum wage is increased 15% to MXN $123.22 generally and MXN $185.56 along the northern border.
**Single-use plastics are banned in Mexico ...
*
List of elections in 2021
*
List of political parties in Mexico
This article lists political parties in Mexico.
Mexico has a multi-party system, which means that there are more than two dominant political parties.
Nationally, the three main political parties are the , the , and the . Other political parties ...
References
External links
Federal Electoral Institute (in Spanish)
{{Mexican elections
Mexico
Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...
Legislative
A legislature is an assembly with the authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country or city. They are often contrasted with the executive and judicial powers of government.
Laws enacted by legislatures are usually known as p ...
Legislative elections in Mexico
Mexican legislative election
Election and referendum articles with incomplete results