The 2012 Hong Kong Legislative Council election was held on 9 September 2012 for the 5th Legislative Council (LegCo) since the establishment of the

Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Hong Kong ( (US) or (UK); , ), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China ( abbr. Hong Kong SAR or HKSAR), is a city and special administrative region of China on the eastern Pearl River Delt ...

. The election was for the new total of 70 seats in LegCo, ten more than previously, with 35 members elected in geographical constituencies through direct elections, and 35 members in functional constituencies. Under new arrangements agreed in a contentious LegCo vote in 2010, five District Council (Second) functional constituency seats each represent all 18 District Councils of Hong Kong voted for by all resident voters in Hong Kong (who did not have a vote in any other functional constituency), effectively increasing the number of seats elected with

universal suffrage Universal suffrage (also called universal franchise, general suffrage, and common suffrage of the common man) gives the right to vote to all adult citizens, regardless of wealth, income, gender, social status, race, ethnicity, or political stan ...

to 40. The pro-Beijing camp scored a major success, maintaining its dominance in the functional constituencies and winning 17 of the 35, nearly half, of the geographical constituency seats, which were considered to be the stronghold of the pan-democracy camp. The

Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong The Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong (DAB) is a pro-Beijing conservative political party in Hong Kong. Chaired by Starry Lee and holding 13 Legislative Council seats, it is currently the largest party in the ...

(DAB), the flagship Beijing-loyalist party, won 13 seats in total, more than double the tally of either the pro-democracy Democratic Party or

Civic Party The Civic Party (CP) is a pro-democracy liberal political party in Hong Kong. It is currently chaired by barrister Alan Leong. The party was formed in 2006 on the basis of the Basic Law Article 45 Concern Group, which was derived from the ...

, or of its sister organisation, the

Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions The Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions (HKFTU) is a pro-Beijing labour and political group established in 1948 in Hong Kong. It is the oldest and largest labour group in Hong Kong with over 420,000 members in 253 affiliates and associated ...

(FTU), which each won six seats. The Democratic Party, the flagship pro-democracy party, suffered the worst defeat since its creation in 1994, winning only six seats and lost all its seats in the

New Territories West New Territories West (NTW) is the western part of Hong Kong's New Territories, covering Yuen Long, Tuen Mun, Tsuen Wan, Kwai Tsing and the Islands District. History Settlements in the area, except the Islands District, have been connected by the ...

, while the radical democrats League of Social Democrats and the newly formed People Power doubled their total votes. Despite the addition of five new geographical constituency seats, the pan-democrats won one seat fewer than in the 2008 election; infighting within the camp was blamed. The Civic Party failed in their election strategy as two of their incumbents,

Audrey Eu Audrey Eu Yuet-mee is a former member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong and was founding leader of the Civic Party. She was a member of the Executive Committee of the Civic Party, focusing on party development. In politics, Eu has fo ...

and

Tanya Chan Tanya Chan (; born 14 September 1971) is a Hong Kong politician who served as a Legislative Councillor representing Hong Kong Island from 2008 to 2012, and again from 2016 to 2020. She is a founding member of the Civic Party. Chan is sometimes kn ...

, placed second on the lists in Hong Kong Island and New Territories West both received over 70,000 votes, far more than other lists, but still unable to get re-elected. The pro-business

Liberal Party The Liberal Party is any of many political parties around the world. The meaning of ''liberal'' varies around the world, ranging from liberal conservatism on the right to social liberalism on the left. __TOC__ Active liberal parties This is a li ...

's chairwoman

Miriam Lau __NOTOC__ Miriam Lau Kin-yee (, former married name Miriam Lau Lau Kin-yee; born 27 April 1947) was a member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong (Legco), representing the transport industry functional constituency. Lau was the acting-ch ...

failed to gain a seat in Hong Kong Island, winning the least seat in party history although James Tien regained his seat in New Territories East. Both Miriam Lau from the Liberals and

Albert Ho Albert Ho Chun-yan (; born 1 December 1951) is a solicitor and politician in Hong Kong. He is the former chairman (2014–2019) and vice-chair (2019–2021) of the Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements of China, and ...

from the Democrats resigned their seats as chairs after the defeat. The pan-democracy and pro-Beijing camps both placed three lists in contest of the five new District Council (Second) functional constituency seats. Three of them went to the Democrats Albert Ho and James To and

Frederick Fung Frederick Fung Kin-kee, SBS, JP (; born 17 March 1953) is a former member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong from 1991 to 1997 and from 2000 to 2016 and the former chairman of the pro-democracy Hong Kong Association for Democracy and Pe ...

from the Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood (ADPL). The Beijing-loyalists could only win two seats with FTU's

Chan Yuen-han Chan Yuen-han, SBS, JP (; born 16 November 1946 in Baoan, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China) is a former member of Hong Kong Legislative Council and a noted Hong Kong female trade unionist. She is the vice-chairperson of the Hong Kong Federation ...

and DAB's

Starry Lee Starry Lee Wai-king, SBS, JP (, born 13 March 1974 in British Hong Kong) is a Hong Kong politician, chairperson of the largest pro-establishment Beijing-loyalist party, the Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong (D ...

each got one seat. Veteran

Lau Kong-wah Lau or LAU may refer to: People * Lau (surname) * Liu (劉/刘), a common Chinese family name transliterated Lau in Cantonese and Hokkien * Lau clan, one of the Saraswat Brahmin clans of Punjab * LAU (musician): Laura Fares Places * Lebanes ...

became the only DAB candidate who was placed first on a candidate list but lost in the election.

Eligibility

Right to vote

As at 9 September 2012, a person has the right to vote in a Legislative Council election if he/she fulfils all of the below criteria : *

Hong Kong permanent resident The Hong Kong Basic Law classifies residents of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region () as either permanent residents or non-permanent residents. Hong Kong residents have rights under the Basic Law including freedom of speech, freedom of ...

(regardless of nationality), * ordinarily resides in Hong Kong, * holds a Hong Kong identity card or another identity document, * has registered to vote on or before 16 May 2012, * aged 18 or above on 25 July 2012, * not a member of any armed forces nor found to be incapable under the Mental Health Ordinance (Cap. 136), by reason of mental incapacity, of managing and administering his/her property and affairs.

Right to stand

To stand as a candidate in a geographical constituency, a person must fulfil all of the below criteria: * a

with Chinese citizenship, * does not have any foreign citizenship nor the right of abode in any country outside China, * aged 21 or above on the date of nomination, * a registered voter on the date of nomination, * has ordinarily resided in Hong Kong for the 3 years immediately preceding the date of nomination, * not a member of any national, regional or municipal legislature, assembly or council of any place outside Hong Kong, other than a people's congress or people's consultative body of the People's Republic of China, whether established at the national or local level, * not a member of any armed forces nor found to be incapable under the Mental Health Ordinance (Cap. 136), by reason of mental incapacity, of managing and administering his/her property and affairs, * submits a nomination form to the

returning officer In various parliamentary systems, a returning officer is responsible for overseeing elections in one or more constituencies. Australia In Australia a returning officer is an employee of the Australian Electoral Commission or a state electoral ...

on or before 31 July 2012.

New structure of the Legislative Council

HK Wan Chai Johnston Road tram body ads Hong Kong Legislative Election 2012 Wu Fung Bowie figure

Geographical constituencies

Under the constitutional reform package passed in 2010, this election saw LegCo increase its total size from 60 seats to 70 seats, half of which are geographical constituencies (GCs) and half functional constituencies (FCs). The GC seats are returned by

, with the Kowloon West constituency once again returning five seats, while the Hong Kong Island,

Kowloon East Kowloon East is the eastern part of Kowloon, covering the Wong Tai Sin District, Wong Tai Sin and Kwun Tong District, with Kowloon City District occasionally included. History The boundary of Kowloon East is not strictly defined and hence varies ...

, and

constituencies each gain one new seat and New Territories East, the second largest constituency, gaining two extra seats. The election uses a system of party-list proportional representation, with seats allocated by the

largest remainder method The largest remainder method (also known as Hare–Niemeyer method, Hamilton method or as Vinton's method) is one way of allocating seats proportionally for representative assemblies with party list voting systems. It contrasts with variou ...

using the Hare quota as the quota for election.

Functional constituencies

While the electoral methods in the 30 'traditional' FC seats remain unchanged, the five new seats form a new constituency called the District Council, for which candidates may be nominated by the District councillors and are elected by all registered voters who are not in any 'traditional' FC, creating the largest constituency with a total of more than 3.2 million eligible electors. The vote counting system used is the same as that in the GCs: the party-list proportional representation with the largest remainder method and Hare quota.

Retiring incumbents

Thirteen incumbents chose not to run for re-election. Paul Chan's

Accountancy Accounting, also known as accountancy, is the measurement, processing, and communication of financial and non financial information about economic entities such as businesses and corporations. Accounting, which has been called the "langua ...

seat was vacant since 29 July 2012 and Chim Pui-chung withdrew his nomination on 27 July 2012.

Pre-election issues

New leadership under Leung Chun-ying

Leung Chun-ying Leung Chun-ying (; born 12 August 1954), also known as CY Leung, is a Hong Kong politician and chartered surveyor, who has served as vice-chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference since Ma ...

sworn in on 1 July, he sought a foothold in the Legislative Council against his defeated rival,

Henry Tang Henry Tang Ying-yen (; born 6 September 1952) is a Hong Kong politician who served as the Chief Secretary of Hong Kong between 2007 and 2011. He held the position of Financial Secretary from 2003 to 2007. In 2012, he lost the Hong Kong Chief ...

. The Tang supporter for the Financial Services functional constituency, Chim Pui-chung, decided to withdraw his nomination for re-election on 27 July, while Christopher Cheung Wah-fung, who voted for CY Leung and was also a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, decided to run in the constituency. Other Leung's supporters including Martin Liao Cheung-kong, Ng Leung-sing and Ma Fung-kwok also ran in other functional constituencies, replacing the original pro-Tang legislators Philip Wong,

David Li Sir David Li Kwok-po (; born 13 March 1939, London, England) is a Hong Kong banker and politician. He is the Executive Chairman of the Bank of East Asia and Pro-Chancellor of the University of Hong Kong. He was a member of the Legislative ...

and

Timothy Fok Timothy Fok Tsun-ting (born 14 February 1946), GBS, JP, the eldest son of Henry Fok, is the President of the Hong Kong Football Association. He formerly represented the Sports, Performing Arts, Culture and Publication functional constituenc ...

. On the day CY Leung assumed the Chief Executive, there were about 400,000 participants in the

July 1 marches The Hong Kong 1 July protests was an annual protest rally originally held by the Civil Human Rights Front from the day of handover in 1997 on the HKSAR establishment day. However, it was not until 2003 that the march drew large public attentio ...

, the biggest anti-government rally in recent history.

Moral and National Education controversy

Moral and civic education was one of the four key tasks in the 2001 curriculum reform undertaken by the Education and Manpower Bureau (superseded by the Education Bureau in 2007), and its framework was revised by the Education Bureau in 2008. On 13 October 2010, Chief Executive

Donald Tsang Sir Donald Tsang Yam-kuen (; born 7 October 1944) is a former Hong Kong civil servant who served as the second Chief Executive of Hong Kong from 2005 to 2012. Tsang joined the colonial civil service as an Executive Officer in 1967, occupyi ...

stated in the " Policy Address 2010–2011" that moral and national education would replace MCE to "strengthen national education". The government planned to introduce the new subject in primary schools in 2012 and secondary schools in 2013. In July 2012, the "Civil Alliance Against the National Education" ( 民間反對國民教育科大聯盟) was formed. On 29 July 2012, 30 organisations protested in a march. According to the organisers, more than 90,000 protesters, including many parents with their children, participated in the march. Members of the student activist group Scholarism ( 學民思潮) began their occupation of the Hong Kong government headquarters on 30 August 2012. Fifty members occupied the public park beneath the government offices, of which three began a hunger strike. The goal of the protest was, expressly, to force the government to retract its plans to introduce Moral and National Education as a compulsory subject. The initial planned length of the occupation was three days. On 3 September 2012 the Civil Alliance Against National Education announced that they would continue their occupation of the government headquarters indefinitely. On 7 September, up to 120,000 people attended a demonstration outside the government headquarters; police said there were 36,000 attendees at 9:30 pm. Following opposition from the public, the government postponed the commencement of the subject by introducing a three-year trial run period, such that the schools were allowed to commence the latest in 2015.

Opinion polling

Results

The election was marked with the record of 287 candidates. 67 lists with a total of 216 candidates contested the 35 geographical constituencies, while 53 candidates contested in the traditional functional constituencies, in which 16 of them returned to LegCo uncontested. The largest pro-democracy party, the Democratic Party, suffered the largest defeat since its creation in 1994, while the radical democrats League of Social Democrats and the newly formed People Power doubled their votes. Despite the addition of five new geographical constituency seats, the pan-democrats won one seat fewer than in the 2008 poll; infighting within the camp was blamed.

and

, the incumbent Civic Party legislators, placed second on the lists in Hong Kong Island and

both received over 70,000 votes, far more than other lists, but still were not re-elected. (see

2012 Hong Kong legislative election in Hong Kong Island These are the Hong Kong Island results of the 2012 Hong Kong legislative election. The election was held on 9 September 2012 and all 7 seats in Hong Kong Island were contested. The pro-Beijing camp achieved a majority of Island seats for the fir ...

and

) The Beijing-loyalist

remained the largest party, winning 13 seats in total. All the lists in the geographical constituencies were elected as they split their candidates into several lists to avoid wasting votes under the

. Christopher Chung revealed the DAB, of which he is a member, had secretly engaged in illegally allocating votes with the FTU based on the results of the party's own exit polling results; he said that both he and Jasper Tsang switched over to campaigning for the Wong Kwok-hing of the FTU at around 6 pm, after the DAB had reached their quota of vote. Following the election,

, resigned as leader of the Democratic Party, citing failure to present a united front for the pan-democratic camp, failure to retain seats from the previous elections, and infighting between pro-democracy parties.

, the leader of the

, also resigned as leader, citing her failure to win a seat in this election and a need for new leadership in the party. Nine of the 16 uncontested functional constituency seats went to the Liberal Party, Economic Synergy and nonpartisan

Lam Tai-fai Lam Tai-fai, SBS, BBS, JP () is a Hong Kong politician. He serves as Chairman of the Council of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University and Chairman of the Hong Kong Sports Institute (HKSI). He was a member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong ...

from the "Tang camp", who are mostly the business and commercial sectors. Leung's supporters took several seats in the functional constituencies. Pro-Leung Lo Wai-kwok defeated incumbent

Raymond Ho Chung-tai Raymond Ho Chung-tai (, born 23 March 1939 in Hong Kong with family roots in Shunde, Guangdong) was, from 1998 to 2012, a member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong (Legco), representing the engineering industry in functional constituencies ...

who nominated Henry Tang in the CE election and pro-democrat Albert Lai in the Engineering sector. In

Tourism Tourism is travel for pleasure or business; also the theory and practice of touring, the business of attracting, accommodating, and entertaining tourists, and the business of operating tours. The World Tourism Organization defines tourism mor ...

, Architectural, Surveying and Planning and Sports, Performing Arts, Culture and Publication constituencies, Yiu Si-wing, Tony Tse Wai-chuen and Ma Fung-kwok were also elected. Leung's backers Ng Leung-sing and Martin Liao Cheung-kong won seats unopposed to the finance and Commercial (Second) functional constituencies respectively. The acting president of the Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union

Ip Kin-yuen Ip Kin-yuen (, born 1961) is a former member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong for Education constituency and a chief executive for Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union. Background Ip graduated from University of Hong Kong with Bachelor ...

and Civic Party

Dennis Kwok Dennis Kwok Wing-hang (; born 15 April 1978) is a former member of the Hong Kong Legislative Council having represented the Legal functional constituency from 2012 to 2020 and a founding member of Civic Party. In the Legislative Council, he w ...

retained their seats in the traditionally pro-democracy

Education Education is a purposeful activity directed at achieving certain aims, such as transmitting knowledge or fostering skills and character traits. These aims may include the development of understanding, rationality, kindness, and honesty ...

and

Legal Law is a set of rules that are created and are law enforcement, enforceable by social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior,Robertson, ''Crimes against humanity'', 90. with its precise definition a matter of longstanding debate. ...

sectors. Cheung Kwok-che of the Labour Party and nonpartisan Joseph Lee Kok-long also secured their seats in the

Social Welfare Welfare, or commonly social welfare, is a type of government support intended to ensure that members of a society can meet basic human needs such as food and shelter. Social security may either be synonymous with welfare, or refer specifical ...

and Health Services constituencies. In addition, the pan democrats gained two more seats in

Information Technology Information technology (IT) is the use of computers to create, process, store, retrieve, and exchange all kinds of Data (computing), data . and information. IT forms part of information and communications technology (ICT). An information te ...

and

with newcomers Charles Mok and

Kenneth Leung Kenneth Leung Kai-cheong (; born 17 October 1962) is a democratic Hong Kong politician formerly serving as a member of the Legislative Council for the Accountancy functional constituency. Professionally, he is a tax adviser and accountant. ...

. The pan-democrats won three out of five seats in the new District Council (Second) functional constituency with

and James To from the Democratic Party and

from the Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood. The Beijing loyalists could only won two seats with

(FTU) and

of the Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong (DAB) each got one seat. Veteran

became the only DAB candidate who was placed first on a candidate list but lost in the election (see 2012 Hong Kong legislative election in District Council).

Election results overall

5th Legislative Council of Hong Kong seat composition by party

Before election: Change in composition: , - style="text-align:center;" ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" class="unsortable" width="4" rowspan=2, ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" class="unsortable" rowspan=2, ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" rowspan=2, Political affiliation
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" colspan=4 , Geographical Constituencies ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" colspan=4 , Traditional Functional Constituencies ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" colspan=3 , District Council (Second) FC ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" rowspan=2, Total
seats
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" rowspan=2, ±
, - ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" data-sort-type="number" , Votes
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" data-sort-type="number" , %
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" , ± pp
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" data-sort-type="number" , Seats
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" data-sort-type="number" , Votes
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" data-sort-type="number" , %
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" , ± pp
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" data-sort-type="number" , Seats
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" data-sort-type="number" , Votes
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" data-sort-type="number" , %
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" data-sort-type="number" , Seats
, - , rowspan=11 style="background-color:Pink;border-bottom-style:hidden;" , , Note: the votes gained by

who represents both DAB and Civil Force banner is counted into DAB in this table. , 366,140 , , 20.22 , , 2.70 , , 9 , , 105 , , 0.07 , , 0.14 , , 3 , , 476,875 , , 29.96 , , 1 , , 13 , , 3 , - , , 127,857 , , 7.06 , , 1.36 , , 3 , , - , , - , , - , , 2 , , 246,196 , , 15.47 , , 1 , , 6 , , 2 , - , , 48,702 , , 2.69 , , 1.64 , , 1 , , 1,076 , , 0.76 , , 2.58 , , 4 , , - , , - , , - , , 5 , , 2 , - , , 5,717 , , 0.32 , , ''N/A'' , , 0 , , - , , - , , - , , 3 , , - , , - , , - , , 3 , , 1 , - , , 68,097 , , 3.76 , , ''N/A'' , , 2 , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , 2 , , 1 , - , , 34,548 , , 1.91 , , ''N/A'' , , 1 , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , 1 , , 0 , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , 1,106 , , 0.78 , , ''N/A'' , , 1 , , - , , - , , - , , 1 , , 1 , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , 1 , , - , , - , , - , , 1 , , 0 , - , Note: the votes gained by Scarlett Pong who represents both Civil Force and New Century Forum is counted into Civil Force in this table. , 23,988 , , 1.32 , , ''N/A'' , , 0 , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , 0 , , 0 , - , style="background-color:#ED6C10;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Third Force , 16,767 , , 0.93 , , ''N/A'' , , 0 , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , 0 , , 0 , - , style="background-color:#DDDDDD;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Pro-Beijing Independents , 80,671 , , 4.45 , , - , , 1 , , 44,529, , 31.36 , , ''N/A'' , , 10 , , 61,321 , , 3.85 , , 0 , , 11 , , 2 , -class="sortbottom" style="background-color:Pink" , colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" , Total for pro-Beijing camp , 772,487 , , 42.66 , , 2.91 , , 17 , , 46,816 , , 32.97 , , 1.91 , , 24 , , 784,392 , , 49.28 , , 2 , , 43 , , 6 , - , rowspan=11 style="background-color:LightGreen;border-bottom-style:hidden;" , , , 255,007 , , 14.08 , , 0.42 , , 5 , , 4,480 , , 3.15 , , 4.36 , , 1 , , - , , - , , - , , 6 , , 1 , - , , 247,220 , , 13.65 , , 6.98 , , 4 , , 1,464 , , 1.03 , , 1.80 , , 0 , , 545,308 , , 34.26 , , 2 , , 6 , , 2 , - , , 112,140 , , 6.19 , , ''N/A'' , , 3 , , 9,078 , , 6.39 , , ''N/A'' , , 1 , , - , , - , , - , , 4 , , 1 , - , , 176,250 , , 9.73 , , ''N/A'' , , 3 , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , 3 , , 1 , - , , 87,997 , , 4.86 , , 5.26 , , 1 , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , 1 , , 0 , - , , 43,799 , , 2.42 , , 0.38 , , 1 , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , 1 , , 0 , - , , 30,634 , , 1.69 , , 1.10, , 0 , , - , , - , , - , , - , , 262,172 , , 16.47 , , 1 , , 1 , , 0 , - , , 28,621 , , 1.58 , , ''N/A'' , , 1 , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , 1 , , 1 , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , 46,535 , , 32.77 , , 1.80 , , 1 , , - , , - , , - , , 1 , , 0 , - , , 2,896 , , 0.16 , , ''N/A'' , , 0 , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , - , , 0 , , 0 , - , style="background-color:#DDDDDD;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Independent democrats , 33,988 , , 1.87 , , - , , 0 , , 26,892 , , 18.94 , , ''N/A'' , , 3 , , - , , - , , - , , 3 , , - , -class="sortbottom" style="background-color:LightGreen" , colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" , Total for pan-democrats , 1,018,552 , , 56.24 , , 3.26 , , 18 , , 88,449 , , 62.28 , , 1.66 , , 6 , , 807,480 , , 50.73 , , 3 , , 27 , , 4 , -style="background-color:#E9E9E9" , , , , , , style="text-align:left;" , Non-aligned others , 19,945 , , 1.10 , , - , , 0 , , 2,205 , , 1.55 , , 6.77 , , 0 , , - , , - , , 0 , , 0 , , - , - class="sortbottom" , colspan=3 style="background-color:#E9E9E9" , Total , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 1,810,984 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 100.00 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 35 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 142,011 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 100.00 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 30 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 1,591,872 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 100.00 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9" , 5 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9" , 70 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9" , , - class="sortbottom" , colspan="16" style="background-color:#E9E9E9", , - class="sortbottom" , colspan=3 style="background-color:#E9E9E9" , Valid votes , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 1,810,984 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 98.49 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 0.93 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9" rowspan=4 , , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 142,011 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 93.97 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 1.59 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9" rowspan=4, , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 1,591,872 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 95.16 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9" rowspan=4 colspan=3, , - class="sortbottom" , colspan=3 style="background-color:#E9E9E9" , Invalid votes , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 27,738 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 1.51 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 0.93 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 9,113 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 6.03 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 1.59 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 80,921 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 4.84 , - class="sortbottom" , colspan=3 style="background-color:#E9E9E9", Vote cast / turnout , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 1,838,722 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 53.05 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 7.85 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 151,124 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 69.65 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 9.35 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 1,672,793 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 51.95 , - class="sortbottom" , colspan=3 style="background-color:#E9E9E9", Registered voters , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 3,466,201 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 100.00 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 2.79 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 216,979 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 100.00 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 2.24 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 3,219,755 , , style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 100.00

Election results by Geographical Constituency

Votes gained by each party by districts

File:2012 LegCo Winning Margins.svg, Popular votes by District Council constituency. Red represents Pro-Beijing camp gained most votes and green the Pro-democracy camp. Pro-Beijing remained stronghold in the rural areas in Ha Tsuen,

Pat Heung Pat Heung is an area in the middle of New Territories, Hong Kong. Located at the east of Kam Tin and north of Shek Kong, it is the exit to Sheung Shui and Fanling. Administratively, it belongs to Yuen Long District. Villages Pat Heung c ...

, Sai Kung District,

Sha Tau Kok Sha Tau Kok is a closed city, closed town in Hong Kong. The last remaining major settlement in the Frontier Closed Area, it is Hong Kong's northernmost town. Geography The small rural village of Sha Tau Kok is located on the northern sh ...

Ta Kwu Ling Ta Kwu Ling is an area in the North District, New Territories, Hong Kong, located northeast of Sheung Shui, close to the border with mainland China. Ta Kwu Ling is one of three new development areas currently being planned for North Distri ...

and

Lamma Island Lamma Island, also known as Y Island or Pok Liu Chau or simply Pok Liu, is the third largest island in Hong Kong. Administratively, it is part of the Islands District. Name Lamma Island was named Lamma only because of a chart reading error by ...

. Some urban areas in Mid-Levels,

North Point North Point is a mixed-use urban area in the Eastern District of Hong Kong. Located in the northeastern part of Hong Kong Island, the area is named after a cape between Causeway Bay and Tsat Tsz Mui that projects toward Kowloon Bay. Locat ...

Chai Wan Chai Wan (; ), formerly known as Sai Wan (西灣), lies at the east end of the urban area of Hong Kong Island next to Shau Kei Wan. The area is administratively part of the Eastern District, and is a mosaic of industrial and residential are ...

Wong Tai Sin Wong Tai Sin or Huang Daxian () is a Chinese Taoist Deity popular in Jinhua, Zhejiang, and Hong Kong with the power of healing. The name, meaning the "Great Immortal Wong (Huang)", is the divine form of Huang Chuping or Wong Cho Ping (; c. 32 ...

, Sau Mau Ping,

Yau Tong Yau Tong () is an area of Hong Kong, located in the southeastern end of Kowloon, between Lei Yue Mun and Lam Tin, at the east shore of Victoria Harbour, west of Tseung Kwan O. Administratively, it is part of Kwun Tong District, the most de ...

and Shek Wai Kok showed more support for the Pro-Beijing camp. Pro-democracy camp grabbed majority of the votes in the rest areas. File:2012HKLegCoDemBJSwing.svg, The election showed large swings in Mid-Levels areas in Hong Kong Island and

, particularly in Tsuen Wan,

Tuen Mun Tuen Mun or Castle Peak is an area near the mouth of Tuen Mun River and Castle Peak Bay in the New Territories, Hong Kong. It was one of the earliest settlements in what is now Hong Kong and can be dated to the Neolithic period. In the more ...

, Kwai Tsing,

Tin Shui Wai Tin Shui Wai New Town is a satellite town in the northwestern New Territories of Hong Kong. Originally a ' fish pond area, it was developed in the 1980s as the second new town in Yuen Long District and the eighth in Hong Kong. It is due north ...

, and

Tseung Kwan O Tseung Kwan O New Town is one of the nine new towns in Hong Kong, built mainly on reclaimed land in the northern half of Junk Bay (known as Tseung Kwan O in Chinese/Cantonese language) in southeastern New Territories, after which it is named ...

in New Territories East, but the rural areas as well as urban areas in

Sheung Shui Sheung Shui (, literally "Above-water") is an area in the New Territories, Hong Kong. Sheung Shui Town, a part of this area, is part of the Fanling–Sheung Shui New Town in the North District of Hong Kong. Fanling Town is to its southeast ...

Tai Po Tai Po is an area in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It refers to the vicinity of the traditional market towns in the area presently known as Tai Po Old Market or Tai Po Kau Hui () (the original "Tai Po Market") on the north of Lam Tsu ...

Sha Tin Sha Tin, also spelt Shatin, is a neighbourhood along Shing Mun River in the eastern New Territories, Hong Kong. Administratively, it is part of the Sha Tin District. Sha Tin is one of the neighbourhoods of the Sha Tin New Town project. The ...

and

showed a small swing back to the pro-democrats. File:2012LegCoElectionResultbyDC.svg, Results of the 2012 LegCo election geographical constituencies: the party with most votes in each District Council Constituency. File:2012LegCoElectionDC2ndResult.svg, Results of the 2012 LegCo election District Council (second) functional constituency.

Votes summary

Seats summary

Incumbents defeated

Twelve incumbents were not re-elected.

Candidates lists and results

Geographical Constituencies (35 seats)

Voting system: Party-list proportional representation with

and Hare quota.

District Council (Second) Functional Constituency (5 seats)

Voting system: Party-list proportional representation with

and Hare quota.

Other Functional Constituencies (30 seats)

Voting systems: Different voting systems apply to different functional constituencies, namely for the

Heung Yee Kuk The Heung Yee Kuk, officially the Heung Yee Kuk N.T., is a statutory advisory body representing establishment interests in the New Territories, Hong Kong. The council is a powerful organisation comprising heads of rural committees which repre ...

, Agriculture and Fisheries, Insurance and

Transport Transport (in British English), or transportation (in American English), is the intentional movement of humans, animals, and goods from one location to another. Modes of transport include air, land ( rail and road), water, cable, pipelin ...

, the preferential elimination system of voting; and for the remaining 24 FCs used the first-past-the-post voting system.

References

External links

Legislative Council of Hong Kong
{{Hong Kong elections L 2012 in Hong Kong Legislative Council of Hong Kong September 2012 events in China

Eligibility

Right to vote

Right to stand

New structure of the Legislative Council

Geographical constituencies

Functional constituencies

Retiring incumbents

Pre-election issues

New leadership under Leung Chun-ying

Moral and National Education controversy

Opinion polling

Results

Election results overall

Election results by Geographical Constituency

Votes gained by each party by districts

Votes summary

Seats summary

Incumbents defeated

Candidates lists and results

Geographical Constituencies (35 seats)

District Council (Second) Functional Constituency (5 seats)

Other Functional Constituencies (30 seats)

See also

References

External links