2MASS J11193254–1137466 AB (often shortened to 2MASS J1119–1137 AB) is a

planetary mass In astronomy, planetary mass is a measure of the mass of a planet-like astronomical object. Within the Solar System, planets are usually measured in the astronomical system of units, where the unit of mass is the solar mass (), the mass of the Su ...

binary located light-years from the

Earth Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbor life. While large volumes of water can be found throughout the Solar System, only Earth sustains liquid surface water. About 71% of Earth's surfa ...

in the constellation Crater. The components of 2MASS J1119–1137 are each roughly four

Jupiter masses Jupiter mass, also called Jovian mass, is the unit of mass equal to the total mass of the planet Jupiter. This value may refer to the mass of the planet alone, or the mass of the entire Jovian system to include the moons of Jupiter. Jupiter is b ...

. The planetary-mass objects are probably a part of the

TW Hydrae association The TW Hydrae association is a group of very young low-mass stars and substellar objects located approximately 25–75 parsecs (80–240 light years) from Earth. They share a common motion and appear to all be roughly the same age, 10±3 million yea ...

which has an age of approximately 10 million years. The planetary-mass objects are candidate

rogue planets A rogue planet (also termed a free-floating planet (FFP), interstellar, nomad, orphan, starless, unbound or wandering planet) is an interstellar object of planetary-mass, therefore smaller than fusors ( stars and brown dwarfs) and without a ...

Overview

The object was found by a team of scientists from Canada, USA and Chile during a search for unusually red

brown dwarf Brown dwarfs (also called failed stars) are substellar objects that are not massive enough to sustain nuclear fusion of ordinary hydrogen ( 1H) into helium in their cores, unlike a main-sequence star. Instead, they have a mass between the most ...

s (such color indicates some notable properties of their atmospheres, e.g. dustiness). The search used data of 3 surveys: SDSS (visible light data),

2MASS The Two Micron All-Sky Survey, or 2MASS, was an astronomical survey of the whole sky in infrared light. It took place between 1997 and 2001, in two different locations: at the U.S. Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory on Mount Hopkins, Arizona, and ...

(near-infrared) and WISE (mid-wave infrared). was one of the reddest and, according to the authors, the most interesting object found. Results of the work were published in December 2015. In April 2016, the first detailed study of the object was published. The investigators conducted its infrared spectroscopy on the telescope Gemini South. Radial velocity and proper motion were also calculated. The astronomers determined low

surface gravity The surface gravity, ''g'', of an astronomical object is the gravitational acceleration experienced at its surface at the equator, including the effects of rotation. The surface gravity may be thought of as the acceleration due to gravity experien ...

and moderate age of . In November 2016 and March 2017, was imaged by the telescope

Keck II The W. M. Keck Observatory is an astronomical observatory with two telescopes at an elevation of 4,145 meters (13,600 ft) near the summit of Mauna Kea in the U.S. state of Hawaii. Both telescopes have aperture primary mirrors, and when com ...

with

adaptive optics Adaptive optics (AO) is a technology used to improve the performance of optical systems by reducing the effect of incoming wavefront distortions by deforming a mirror in order to compensate for the distortion. It is used in astronomical tele ...

technique, which revealed its binarity. The angular separation of components is arcseconds (which corresponds to linear

projected separation This glossary of astronomy is a list of definitions of terms and concepts relevant to astronomy and cosmology, their sub-disciplines, and related fields. Astronomy is concerned with the study of celestial objects and phenomena that originate outsid ...

). Their stellar magnitudes are roughly equal. Total mass of the system is estimated as 7.4

Jupiter mass Jupiter mass, also called Jovian mass, is the unit of mass equal to the total mass of the planet Jupiter. This value may refer to the mass of the planet alone, or the mass of the entire Jovian system to include the moons of Jupiter. Jupiter is by ...

es. Their total

bolometric luminosity Luminosity is an absolute measure of radiated electromagnetic power (light), the radiant power emitted by a light-emitting object over time. In astronomy, luminosity is the total amount of electromagnetic energy emitted per unit of time by a ...

is approximately 0.00004 solar units. The estimated orbital period is 90 years. One of the components of binary is rotating rapidly, having a period 3.02 hours while the typical rotation period for young brown dwarfs is 10 hours.

Candidate exomoon

In August 2021, researchers reported signs of a

habitable zone In astronomy and astrobiology, the circumstellar habitable zone (CHZ), or simply the habitable zone, is the range of orbits around a star within which a planetary surface can support liquid water given sufficient atmospheric pressure.J. F. Kast ...

1.7

exomoon An exomoon or extrasolar moon is a natural satellite that orbits an exoplanet or other non-stellar extrasolar body. Exomoons are difficult to detect and confirm using current techniques, and to date there have been no confirmed exomoon detecti ...

(a moon orbiting a planetary-mass object outside our solar system) transiting one of the components in . A possible single

transit Transit may refer to: Arts and entertainment Film * ''Transit'' (1979 film), a 1979 Israeli film * ''Transit'' (2005 film), a film produced by MTV and Staying-Alive about four people in countries in the world * ''Transit'' (2006 film), a 2006 ...

of the moon candidate was detected in archival Spitzer Space Telescope data. The study determined that the detected event might have been caused by variability (clouds/weather) in the host planet's atmosphere, but that an exomoon was a better fit to the observed data suggesting that the detection was most likely caused by an exomoon transit.

External links

2MASS J1119–1137

References

J11193254-1137466 Exoplanets Exoplanets detected by direct imaging Giant planets Exoplanets discovered in 2015 Rogue planets Binary systems Crater (constellation) TW Hydrae association {{rogue-planet-stub

Overview

Candidate exomoon

External links

See also

References