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The 2A46 (also called D-81TM) is a 125 mm/L48 smoothbore
The 2A46 has been used in numerous tanks, almost exclusively Soviet/Russian designs or foreign derivatives:
*
cannon
A cannon is a large-caliber gun classified as a type of artillery, which usually launches a projectile using explosive chemical propellant. Gunpowder ("black powder") was the primary propellant before the invention of smokeless powder duri ...
of Soviet origin used in several main battle tank
A main battle tank (MBT), also known as a battle tank or universal tank, is a tank that fills the role of armor-protected direct fire and maneuver in many modern armies. Cold War-era development of more powerful engines, better suspension s ...
s. It was designed by OKB-9 (Artillery Plant No. 9) in Yekaterinburg
Yekaterinburg ( ; rus, Екатеринбург, p=jɪkətʲɪrʲɪnˈburk), alternatively romanized as Ekaterinburg and formerly known as Sverdlovsk ( rus, Свердло́вск, , svʲɪrˈdlofsk, 1924–1991), is a city and the administrat ...
.
Description
It was developed by the Spetstekhnika Design Bureau in Ekaterinburg in the 1960s originally for theT-64
The T-64 is a Soviet tank manufactured in Kharkiv, and designed by Kharkiv Morozov Machine Building Design Bureau. The tank was introduced in the early 1960s. It was a more advanced counterpart to the T-62: the T-64 served in tank divisions, whi ...
tank. They were subsequently manufactured at Artillery Plant No. 9 in Ekaterinburg and Motovilikha in Perm. Other variations include 2A46M, 2A46M-1, 2A46M-2, 2A46M-4, 2A46M-5, and Ukrainian KBA-3 and Chinese ZPT-98.
The 2A46 can fire armour-piercing fin-stabilised discarding sabot (APFSDS), high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT) and high-explosive fragmentation (HEF) projectiles. The ammunition for the 2A46 gun is in two pieces: the projectile is loaded first, followed by a separate propellant charge.
The early versions of the 2A46 suffered from a relatively short barrel life, but this was rectified on the 2A46M-1 version. Depending on the version it offers or from the 2A46M-1 Pmax chamber pressure.
The Ukrainian KBA-3 guns are based on the 2A46 gun. In addition, the Chinese ZPT-98 is based on 2A46M imported from Russia's T-72 or T-80.
Tanks using the 2A46
The 2A46 has been used in numerous tanks, almost exclusively Soviet/Russian designs or foreign derivatives:
* Bangladesh
Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by population, eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million pe ...
** Type 59G(BD) Durjoy
*
** Type 96B
** Type 99
*
** M-95 Degman
The M-95 ''Degman'' is a prototype Croatian main battle tank, developed in 2003 by the ''Đuro Đaković'' company and is largely based on the older M-91 Vihor tank that was based in the M-84 tank. The Đuro Đaković factory is best known fo ...
** M-84D
*
** T-80U
** T-80UK
*
** T-72M4CZ
The T-72M4 CZ is an upgraded Czech version of the Soviet-designed, Czechoslovakia made main battle tank T-72. The only user of this tank is the Czech Army. Between 2003 and 2006, 30 tanks were produced. The main armament is a 125 mm gun 2 ...
** T-72M1
*
** T-72SIM1
*
** Zulfiqar
** Karrar
* Iraq
Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...
** Asad Babil tank
*
** T-80U
** T-80UK
*
** Chonma-ho V (Ma)
** Pokpung-Ho II & III
*
** PT-91M Pendekar
*
** PT-91 Twardy
* Socialist Republic of Romania
The Socialist Republic of Romania ( ro, Republica Socialistă România, RSR) was a Marxist–Leninist one-party socialist state that existed officially in Romania from 1947 to 1989. From 1947 to 1965, the state was known as the Romanian Peop ...
** TR-125
*
** T-90
The T-90 is a third-generation Russian main battle tank. It uses a 125mm 2A46 smoothbore main gun, the 1A45T fire-control system, an upgraded engine, and gunner's thermal sight. Standard protective measures include a blend of steel and comp ...
** T-80
The T-80 is a main battle tank (MBT) that was designed and manufactured in the former Soviet Union and manufactured in Russia. The T-80 is based on the T-64, while incorporating features from the later T-72. The chief designer of the T-80 was ...
** T-72
The T-72 is a family of Soviet/Russian main battle tanks that entered production in 1969. The T-72 was a development of the T-64, which was troubled by high costs and its reliance on immature developmental technology. About 25,000 T-72 tanks ...
** T-67 (125mm gun-armed T-62
The T-62 is a Soviet main battle tank that was first introduced in 1961. As a further development of the T-55 series, the T-62 retained many similar design elements of its predecessor including low profile and thick turret armour. In contras ...
)
** T-64
The T-64 is a Soviet tank manufactured in Kharkiv, and designed by Kharkiv Morozov Machine Building Design Bureau. The tank was introduced in the early 1960s. It was a more advanced counterpart to the T-62: the T-64 served in tank divisions, whi ...
** T-55M6
** ''Obyekt 640''/Black Eagle
*
** M-84AS
*
** T-84
** T-64
The T-64 is a Soviet tank manufactured in Kharkiv, and designed by Kharkiv Morozov Machine Building Design Bureau. The tank was introduced in the early 1960s. It was a more advanced counterpart to the T-62: the T-64 served in tank divisions, whi ...
** T-72
The T-72 is a family of Soviet/Russian main battle tanks that entered production in 1969. The T-72 was a development of the T-64, which was troubled by high costs and its reliance on immature developmental technology. About 25,000 T-72 tanks ...
*
** T-90S
** T-90SK
*
** M-84
See also
* 125 mm smoothbore ammunition * 2A45 Sprut - Soviet towed 125 mm anti-tank gunWeapons of comparable role, performance and era
* L11A5 120 mm rifled gun: British rifled equivalent, developed by Royal Armament Research and Development Established (RARDE) in 1957. * Rheinmetall 120 mm gun: German equivalent, developed by Rheinmetall in 1974. * CN120-25 120 mm gun: French equivalent, developed by Établissement d'Études et de Fabrication d'Armements de Bourges (EFAB) in 1979. * EXP-28M1 120 mm rifled tank gun: Experimental British weapon of the late 1970s/early 1980s. Was to have equipped the MBT-80. * CN120-26 120 mm gun: French equivalent, developed by EFAB in 1980s. * IMI 120 mm gun: Israeli equivalent, developed by Israeli Military Industries in 1988. * OTO Breda 120 mm gun: Italian equivalent, developed byOTO Melara
OTO Melara was a subsidiary of the Italian company Finmeccanica, today Leonardo, active in the defence sector, with factories in Brescia and La Spezia. The Mod 56 pack howitzer, in service throughout the world, and the 76mm naval gun, ...
in 1988.
* L30A1 120 mm rifled gun: British rifled equivalent, developed by ROF Nottingham in 1989.
* JSW 120 mm gun: Japanese equivalent, developed by Japan Steel Works in 2008.
* CN08 120 mm gun: South Korean equivalent, developed by Agency for Defense Development and Hyundai WIA in 2008.
* 2A82-1M 125 mm gun: New Russian 125-mm equivalent, developed by Uralvagonzavod in 2014.
* MKE 120 mm tank gun: Turkish equivalent, developed by Otokar and Hyundai WIA in 2016.
Sources
*http://fofanov.armor.kiev.ua/References
Notes
External links
{{Commons category 125 mm artillery Tank guns of the Soviet Union Military equipment introduced in the 1970s