Events
Pre-1600
*
AD 69
AD 69 ( LXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Augustus and Rufinus (or, less frequently, year 822 ''Ab urbe condita' ...
–
Vespasian
Vespasian (; la, Vespasianus ; 17 November AD 9 – 23/24 June 79) was a Roman emperor who reigned from AD 69 to 79. The fourth and last emperor who reigned in the Year of the Four Emperors, he founded the Flavian dynasty that ruled the Empi ...
is proclaimed
Emperor of Rome; his predecessor,
Vitellius
Aulus Vitellius (; ; 24 September 1520 December 69) was Roman emperor for eight months, from 19 April to 20 December AD 69. Vitellius was proclaimed emperor following the quick succession of the previous emperors Galba and Otho, in a year of ci ...
, attempts to abdicate but is captured and killed at the
Gemonian stairs
The Gemonian Stairs ( la, Scalae Gemoniae, it, Scale Gemonie) were a flight of steps located in the ancient city of Rome. Nicknamed the Stairs of Mourning, the stairs are infamous in Roman history as a place of execution.
Location
The steps ...
.
*
401
__NOTOC__
Year 401 ( CDI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Vincentius and Fravitus (or, less frequently, year 1154 ' ...
–
Pope Innocent I
Pope Innocent I ( la, Innocentius I) was the bishop of Rome from 401 to his death on 12 March 417. From the beginning of his papacy, he was seen as the general arbitrator of ecclesiastical disputes in both the East and the West. He confirmed the ...
is elected, the only pope to succeed his father in the office.
*
856
__NOTOC__
Year 856 (Roman numerals, DCCCLVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place Byzantine Empire
* March 15 – Emperor Michael III overthrows the reg ...
–
Damghan earthquake: An earthquake near the Persian city of
Damghan
Damghan ( fa, دامغان, translit=Dāmghān) is the capital of Damghan County, Semnan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 57,331, in 15,849 families. It is situated east of Tehran on the high-road to Mashad, at an elevatio ...
kills an estimated 200,000 people, the sixth deadliest earthquake in recorded history.
*
880
__NOTOC__
Year 880 ( DCCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Byzantine Empire
* Battle of Cephalonia: A Byzantine fleet, under Admiral Nasar, is sent ...
–
Luoyang
Luoyang is a city located in the confluence area of Luo River (Henan), Luo River and Yellow River in the west of Henan province. Governed as a prefecture-level city, it borders the provincial capital of Zhengzhou to the east, Pingdingshan to the ...
, eastern capital of the
Tang dynasty
The Tang dynasty (, ; zh, t= ), or Tang Empire, was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907 AD, with an Zhou dynasty (690–705), interregnum between 690 and 705. It was preceded by the Sui dyn ...
, is captured by rebel leader
Huang Chao
Huang Chao (835 – July 13, 884) was a Chinese smuggler, soldier, and rebel, and is most well known for being the leader of a major rebellion that severely weakened the Tang dynasty.
Huang was a Salt in Chinese history, salt smuggler before ...
during the reign of
Emperor Xizong.
*
1135
Year 1135 ( MCXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Levant
* Spring – Shams al-Mulk Isma'il, Seljuk ruler of Damascuoks, sends envoys to Imad al ...
– Three weeks after the death of King
Henry I of England
Henry I (c. 1068 – 1 December 1135), also known as Henry Beauclerc, was King of England from 1100 to his death in 1135. He was the fourth son of William the Conqueror and was educated in Latin and the liberal arts. On William's death in ...
,
Stephen of Blois
Stephen (1092 or 1096 – 25 October 1154), often referred to as Stephen of Blois, was King of England from 22 December 1135 to his death in 1154. He was Count of Boulogne ''jure uxoris'' from 1125 until 1147 and Duke of Normandy from 1135 unt ...
claims the throne and is privately crowned
King of England
The monarchy of the United Kingdom, commonly referred to as the British monarchy, is the constitutional form of government by which a hereditary sovereign reigns as the head of state of the United Kingdom, the Crown Dependencies (the Bailiw ...
, beginning the
English Anarchy.
*
1216
Year 1216( MCCXVI) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
England
* Spring – First Barons' War: The English army, led by King John (Lackland), sacks the t ...
–
Pope Honorius III
Pope Honorius III (c. 1150 – 18 March 1227), born Cencio Savelli, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 18 July 1216 to his death. A canon at the Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore, he came to hold a number of importa ...
approves the
Dominican Order
The Order of Preachers ( la, Ordo Praedicatorum) abbreviated OP, also known as the Dominicans, is a Catholic mendicant order of Pontifical Right for men founded in Toulouse, France, by the Spanish priest, saint and mystic Dominic of Cal ...
through the papal bull of confirmation
Religiosam vitam
is the incipit designating a papal bull issued on 22 December 1216 by Pope Honorius III. It gave universal recognition to the Dominican Order. The order already had monasteries in Rome, Paris and Boulogne and had already been locally recognize ...
.
*
1489
Year 1489 ( MCDLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–December
* March 14 – The Queen of Cyprus, Catherine Cornaro, sells her kingdom to the R ...
– The forces of the
Catholic Monarchs
The Catholic Monarchs were Queen Isabella I of Castile and King Ferdinand II of Aragon, whose marriage and joint rule marked the ''de facto'' unification of Spain. They were both from the House of Trastámara and were second cousins, being bot ...
,
Ferdinand
Ferdinand is a Germanic name composed of the elements "protection", "peace" (PIE "to love, to make peace") or alternatively "journey, travel", Proto-Germanic , abstract noun from root "to fare, travel" (PIE , "to lead, pass over"), and "co ...
and
Isabella
Isabella may refer to:
People and fictional characters
* Isabella (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters
* Isabella (surname), including a list of people
Places
United States
* Isabella, Alabama, an unincorpor ...
, take control of
Almería
Almería (, , ) is a city and municipality of Spain, located in Andalusia. It is the capital of the province of the same name. It lies on southeastern Iberia on the Mediterranean Sea. Caliph Abd al-Rahman III founded the city in 955. The city gr ...
from the
Nasrid ruler of
Granada
Granada (,, DIN 31635, DIN: ; grc, Ἐλιβύργη, Elibýrgē; la, Illiberis or . ) is the capital city of the province of Granada, in the autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Andalusia, Spain. Granada is located at the fo ...
,
Muhammad XIII.
1601–1900
*
1769
Events
January–March
* February 2 – Pope Clement XIII dies, the night before preparing an order to dissolve the Jesuits.Denis De Lucca, ''Jesuits and Fortifications: The Contribution of the Jesuits to Military Architecture in ...
–
Sino-Burmese War
The Sino-Burmese War (; my, တရုတ်-မြန်မာ စစ် (၁၇၆၅–၆၉)), also known as the Qing invasions of Burma or the Myanmar campaign of the Qing dynasty, was a war fought between the Qing dynasty of China and ...
: The war ends with the
Qing dynasty
The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing,, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and the last orthodox dynasty in Chinese history. It emerged from the Later Jin dynasty founded by the Jianzhou Jurchens, a Tungusic-speak ...
withdrawing from Burma forever.
*
1788
Events
January–March
* January 1 – The first edition of ''The Times'', previously ''The Daily Universal Register'', is published in London.
* January 2 – Georgia ratifies the United States Constitution, and becomes the fourth U.S ...
–
Nguyễn Huệ
Emperor Quang Trung ( vi-hantu, 光中, 1753 – 16 September 1792) or Nguyễn Huệ ( vi-hantu, 阮惠), also known as Nguyễn Quang Bình ( vi-hantu, 阮光平), was the second emperor of the Tây Sơn dynasty, reigning from 1788 until 17 ...
proclaims himself Emperor Quang Trung, in effect abolishing on his own the
Lê dynasty
The Lê dynasty, also known as Later Lê dynasty ( vi, Hậu Lê triều, chữ Hán: 後黎朝 or vi, nhà Hậu Lê, link=no, chữ Nôm: 茹後黎), was the longest-ruling Vietnamese dynasty, ruling Đại Việt from 1428 to 1789. The Lê ...
.
*
1790
Events
January–March
* January 8 – United States President George Washington gives the first State of the Union address, in New York City.
* January 11 – The 11 minor states of the Austrian Netherlands, which took p ...
– The Turkish fortress of
Izmail
Izmail (, , translit. ''Izmail,'' formerly Тучков ("Tuchkov"); ro, Ismail or ''Smil''; pl, Izmaił, bg, Исмаил) is a city and municipality on the Danube river in Odesa Oblast in south-western Ukraine. It serves as the administra ...
is
stormed and captured by
Alexander Suvorov
Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov (russian: Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Суво́ров, Aleksándr Vasíl'yevich Suvórov; or 1730) was a Russian general in service of the Russian Empire. He was Count of Rymnik, Count of the Holy ...
and his Russian armies.
*
1807
Events
January–March
* January 7 – The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland issues an Order in Council prohibiting British ships from trading with France or its allies.
* January 20 – The Sierra Leone Company, faced with b ...
– The
Embargo Act
The Embargo Act of 1807 was a general trade embargo on all foreign nations that was enacted by the United States Congress. As a successor or replacement law for the 1806 Non-importation Act and passed as the Napoleonic Wars continued, it repr ...
, forbidding trade with all foreign countries, is passed by the
U.S. Congress
The United States Congress is the legislature of the federal government of the United States. It is Bicameralism, bicameral, composed of a lower body, the United States House of Representatives, House of Representatives, and an upper body, ...
at the urging of
President
President most commonly refers to:
*President (corporate title)
*President (education), a leader of a college or university
*President (government title)
President may also refer to:
Automobiles
* Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...
Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson (April 13, 1743 – July 4, 1826) was an American statesman, diplomat, lawyer, architect, philosopher, and Founding Fathers of the United States, Founding Father who served as the third president of the United States from 18 ...
.
*
1808
Events January–March
* January 1
** The importation of slaves into the United States is banned, as the 1807 Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves takes effect; African slaves continue to be imported into Cuba, and until the island ab ...
–
Ludwig van Beethoven
Ludwig van Beethoven (baptised 17 December 177026 March 1827) was a German composer and pianist. Beethoven remains one of the most admired composers in the history of Western music; his works rank amongst the most performed of the classical ...
conducts and performs in
concert at the Theater an der Wien, Vienna, with the premiere of his
Fifth Symphony,
Sixth Symphony,
Fourth Piano Concerto and ''
Choral Fantasy
The ''Fantasy'' for piano, vocal soloists, mixed chorus, and orchestra, Op. 80, usually called the ''Choral Fantasy'', was composed in 1808 by then 38-year-old Ludwig van Beethoven.
Beethoven intended the ''Fantasy'' to serve as the conc ...
''.
*
1851
Events
January–March
* January 11 – Hong Xiuquan officially begins the Taiping Rebellion.
* January 15 – Christian Female College, modern-day Columbia College, receives its charter from the Missouri General Assembly.
...
– India's first freight train is operated in
Roorkee
Roorkee (Rūṛkī) is a city and a municipal corporation in the Haridwar district of the state of Uttarakhand, India. It is from Haridwar city, the district headquarter. It is spread over a flat terrain under Sivalik Hills of Himalayas. The c ...
, to transport material for the construction of the
Ganges Canal
The Ganges Canal or Ganga Canal is a canal system that irrigates the Doab region between the Ganges River and the Yamuna River in India.
The canal is primarily an irrigation canal, although parts of it were also used for navigation, primaril ...
.
*
1851
Events
January–March
* January 11 – Hong Xiuquan officially begins the Taiping Rebellion.
* January 15 – Christian Female College, modern-day Columbia College, receives its charter from the Missouri General Assembly.
...
– The
Library of Congress
The Library of Congress (LOC) is the research library that officially serves the United States Congress and is the ''de facto'' national library of the United States. It is the oldest federal cultural institution in the country. The library is ...
in
Washington, D.C.
)
, image_skyline =
, image_caption = Clockwise from top left: the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall, United States Capitol, Logan Circle, Jefferson Memorial, White House, Adams Morgan, ...
, burns.
*
1864
Events
January–March
* January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song " ...
–
American Civil War
The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States. It was fought between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), the latter formed by states th ...
:
Savannah, Georgia
Savannah ( ) is the oldest city in the U.S. state of Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia and is the county seat of Chatham County, Georgia, Chatham County. Established in 1733 on the Savannah River, the city of Savannah became the Kingdom of Great Br ...
, falls to the
Union's Army of the Tennessee
An army (from Old French ''armee'', itself derived from the Latin verb ''armāre'', meaning "to arm", and related to the Latin noun ''arma'', meaning "arms" or "weapons"), ground force or land force is a fighting force that fights primarily on ...
, and General
Sherman
Sherman most commonly refers to:
*Sherman (name), a surname and given name (and list of persons with the name)
** William Tecumseh Sherman (1820–1891), American Civil War General
*M4 Sherman, a tank
Sherman may also refer to:
Places United St ...
tells President
Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln ( ; February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was an American lawyer, politician, and statesman who served as the 16th president of the United States from 1861 until his assassination in 1865. Lincoln led the nation thro ...
: "I beg to present you as a Christmas gift the city of Savannah".
*
1885
Events
January–March
* January 3– 4 – Sino-French War – Battle of Núi Bop: French troops under General Oscar de Négrier defeat a numerically superior Qing Chinese force, in northern Vietnam.
* January 4 – ...
–
Itō Hirobumi
was a Japanese politician and statesman who served as the first Prime Minister of Japan. He was also a leading member of the ''genrō'', a group of senior statesmen that dictated Japanese policy during the Meiji era.
A London-educated samur ...
, a
samurai
were the hereditary military nobility and officer caste of medieval and early-modern Japan from the late 12th century until their abolition in 1876. They were the well-paid retainers of the '' daimyo'' (the great feudal landholders). They h ...
, becomes the first
Prime Minister of Japan
The prime minister of Japan (Japanese: 内閣総理大臣, Hepburn: ''Naikaku Sōri-Daijin'') is the head of government of Japan. The prime minister chairs the Cabinet of Japan and has the ability to select and dismiss its Ministers of Stat ...
.
*
1888
In Germany, 1888 is known as the Year of the Three Emperors. Currently, it is the year that, when written in Roman numerals, has the most digits (13). The next year that also has 13 digits is the year 2388. The record will be surpassed as late ...
– The
Christmas Meeting of 1888
The Christmas Meeting of 1888Benati, Chiara. 2009. Faroese: A National Language under Siege? In: Susanna Pertot et al. (eds.), ''Rights, Promotion and Integration Issues for Minority Languages in Europe'', pp. 189–196. Basingstoke: Palgrave M ...
, considered to be the official start of the
Faroese independence movement
The Faroese independence movement ( fo, Føroyska Tjóðskaparrørslan), or the Faroese national movement (), is a political movement which seeks the establishment of the Faroe Islands as a sovereign state outside Denmark. Reasons for complete a ...
.
*
1890
Events
January–March
* January 1
** The Kingdom of Italy establishes Eritrea as its colony, in the Horn of Africa.
** In Michigan, the wooden steamer ''Mackinaw'' burns in a fire on the Black River.
* January 2
** The steamship ...
–
Cornwallis Valley Railway
The Cornwallis Valley Railway (CVR) was a historic Canadian railway in Nova Scotia's Annapolis Valley. It was built in 1889 and ran from Kentville to Kingsport serving the Cornwallis Township area of Kings County. For most of its history, it ...
begins operation between
Kentville
Kentville is an incorporated town in Nova Scotia. It is the most populous town in the Annapolis Valley. As of 2021, the town's population was 6,630. Its census agglomeration is 26,929.
History
Kentville owes its location to the Cornwallis River ...
and
Kingsport, Nova Scotia
Kingsport is a small seaside village located in Kings County, Nova Scotia, Canada, on the shores of the Minas Basin. It was famous at one time for building some of the largest wooden ships ever built in Canada.In the Wake of the Windships, Frede ...
.
*
1891
Events
January–March
* January 1
** Paying of old age pensions begins in Germany.
** A strike of 500 Hungarian steel workers occurs; 3,000 men are out of work as a consequence.
**Germany takes formal possession of its new Africa ...
– Asteroid
323 Brucia
Brucia (minor planet designation: 323 Brucia) is a stony Phocaea asteroid and former Mars-crosser from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately in diameter. It was the first asteroid to be discovered by the use of astrophotography.
...
becomes the first asteroid discovered using photography.
*
1894
Events January–March
* January 4 – A military alliance is established between the French Third Republic and the Russian Empire.
* January 7 – William Kennedy Dickson receives a patent for motion picture film in the United S ...
– The
Dreyfus affair
The Dreyfus affair (french: affaire Dreyfus, ) was a political scandal that divided the French Third Republic from 1894 until its resolution in 1906. "L'Affaire", as it is known in French, has come to symbolise modern injustice in the Francop ...
begins in France, when
Alfred Dreyfus
Alfred Dreyfus ( , also , ; 9 October 1859 – 12 July 1935) was a French artillery officer of Jewish ancestry whose trial and conviction in 1894 on charges of treason became one of the most polarizing political dramas in modern French history. ...
is wrongly convicted of
treason
Treason is the crime of attacking a state authority to which one owes allegiance. This typically includes acts such as participating in a war against one's native country, attempting to overthrow its government, spying on its military, its diplo ...
.
1901–present
*
1906
Events
January–February
* January 12 – Persian Constitutional Revolution: A nationalistic coalition of merchants, religious leaders and intellectuals in Persia forces the shah Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar to grant a constitution, ...
– An
7.9 earthquake strikes Xinjiang, China, killing at least 280.
*
1920
Events January
* January 1
** Polish–Soviet War in 1920: The Russian Red Army increases its troops along the Polish border from 4 divisions to 20.
** Kauniainen, completely surrounded by the city of Espoo, secedes from Espoo as its own ma ...
– The
GOELRO economic development plan is adopted by the 8th
Congress of Soviets of the Russian SFSR.
*
1921
Events
January
* January 2
** The Association football club Cruzeiro Esporte Clube, from Belo Horizonte, is founded as the multi-sports club Palestra Italia by Italian expatriates in First Brazilian Republic, Brazil.
** The Spanish lin ...
– Opening of
Visva-Bharati College, also known as
Santiniketan
Santiniketan is a neighbourhood of Bolpur town in the Bolpur subdivision of Birbhum district in West Bengal, India, approximately 152 km north of Kolkata. It was established by Maharshi Devendranath Tagore, and later expanded by his son ...
College, now
Visva Bharati University
Visva-Bharati () is a public central university and an Institution of National Importance located in Shantiniketan, West Bengal, India. It was founded by Rabindranath Tagore who called it ''Visva-Bharati'', which means the communion of the w ...
, India.
*
1937
Events
January
* January 1 – Anastasio Somoza García becomes President of Nicaragua.
* January 5 – Water levels begin to rise in the Ohio River in the United States, leading to the Ohio River flood of 1937, which continues into Fe ...
– The
Lincoln Tunnel
The Lincoln Tunnel is an approximately tunnel under the Hudson River, connecting Weehawken, New Jersey, to the west with Midtown Manhattan in New York City to the east. It carries New Jersey Route 495 on the New Jersey side and unsigned New Y ...
opens to traffic in New York City.
*
1939
This year also marks the start of the Second World War, the largest and deadliest conflict in human history.
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1
** Third Reich
*** Jews are forbidden to ...
–
Indian Muslims
Islam is India's second-largest religion, with 14.2% of the country's population, approximately 172.2 million people identifying as adherents of Islam in 2011 Census. India is also the country with the second or third largest number of Muslim ...
observe a "
Day of Deliverance" to celebrate the resignations of members of the
Indian National Congress
The Indian National Congress (INC), colloquially the Congress Party but often simply the Congress, is a political party in India with widespread roots. Founded in 1885, it was the first modern nationalist movement to emerge in the British Em ...
over their not having been consulted over the decision to enter
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
with the United Kingdom.
*
1940
A calendar from 1940 according to the Gregorian calendar, factoring in the dates of Easter and related holidays, cannot be used again until the year 5280.
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
*January ...
– World War II:
Himara is captured by the Greek army.
*
1942
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1 – WWII: The Declaration by United Nations is signed by China, the United Kingdom, the United States, the Soviet Union, and 22 other nations, in wh ...
– World War II:
Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler (; 20 April 188930 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was dictator of Nazi Germany, Germany from 1933 until Death of Adolf Hitler, his death in 1945. Adolf Hitler's rise to power, He rose to power as the le ...
signs the order to develop the
V-2 rocket
The V-2 (german: Vergeltungswaffe 2, lit=Retaliation Weapon 2), with the technical name ''Aggregat 4'' (A-4), was the world’s first long-range guided ballistic missile. The missile, powered by a liquid-propellant rocket engine, was developed ...
as a weapon.
*
1944
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 2 – WWII:
** Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command French Army B, part of the Sixth United States Army Group in Nor ...
– World War II:
Battle of the Bulge
The Battle of the Bulge, also known as the Ardennes Offensive, was the last major German offensive (military), offensive military campaign, campaign on the Western Front (World War II), Western Front during World War II. The battle lasted fr ...
:
German
German(s) may refer to:
* Germany (of or related to)
**Germania (historical use)
* Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language
** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law
**Ger ...
troops demand the surrender of United States troops at
Bastogne
Bastogne (; nl, Bastenaken, ; german: Bastnach/Bastenach; lb, Baaschtnech) is a city and municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Luxembourg in the Ardennes, Belgium.
The municipality consists of the following districts: Bastogne, ...
,
Belgium
Belgium, ; french: Belgique ; german: Belgien officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe. The country is bordered by the Netherlands to the north, Germany to the east, Luxembourg to the southeast, France to th ...
, prompting the famous one word reply by General
Anthony McAuliffe
Anthony Clement "Nuts" McAuliffe (July 2, 1898 – August 10, 1975) was a senior United States Army Officer (armed forces), officer who earned fame as the acting commander of the 101st Airborne Division defending Bastogne, Belgium, during the Ba ...
: "Nuts!"
* 1944 – World War II: The
People's Army of Vietnam
The People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN; vi, Quân đội nhân dân Việt Nam, QĐNDVN), also recognized as the Vietnam People's Army (VPA) or the Vietnamese Army (), is the military force of the Vietnam, Socialist Republic of Vietnam and the ...
is formed to resist
Japanese occupation of Indochina, now
Vietnam
Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...
.
*
1945
1945 marked the end of World War II and the fall of Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan. It is also the only year in which nuclear weapons have been used in combat.
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
Januar ...
– U.S. President
Harry S. Truman
Harry S. Truman (May 8, 1884December 26, 1972) was the 33rd president of the United States, serving from 1945 to 1953. A leader of the Democratic Party, he previously served as the 34th vice president from January to April 1945 under Franklin ...
issues an
executive order
In the United States, an executive order is a directive by the president of the United States that manages operations of the federal government. The legal or constitutional basis for executive orders has multiple sources. Article Two of th ...
giving
World War II refugees
Mass evacuation, forced displacement, expulsion, and deportation of millions of people took place across most countries involved in World War II. A number of these phenomena were categorised as violations of fundamental human values and norms by ...
precedence in visa applications under U.S. immigration quotas.
*
1948
Events January
* January 1
** The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is inaugurated.
** The Constitution of New Jersey (later subject to amendment) goes into effect.
** The railways of Britain are nationalized, to form British ...
–
Sjafruddin Prawiranegara
Sjafruddin Prawiranegara ( EYD: Syafruddin Prawiranegara; 28 February 191115 February 1989) was an Indonesian statesman and economist. He served as the head of government in the Emergency Government of the Republic of Indonesia, as Minister of F ...
established the
Emergency Government of the Republic of Indonesia
The Emergency Government of the Republic of Indonesia ( id, Pemerintahan Darurat Republik Indonesia, PDRI) was established by Indonesian Republicans after the Netherlands occupied the at the time capital city of Yogyakarta in Central Java, the l ...
(''Pemerintah Darurat Republik Indonesia'', PDRI) in
West Sumatra
West Sumatra ( id, Sumatra Barat) is a Provinces of Indonesia, province of Indonesia. It is located on the west coast of the island of Sumatra and includes the Mentawai Islands off that coast. The province has an area of , with a population of 5, ...
.
*
1963
Events January
* January 1 – Bogle–Chandler case: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation scientist Dr. Gilbert Bogle and Mrs. Margaret Chandler are found dead (presumed poisoned), in bushland near the Lane Cov ...
– The
cruise ship
Cruise ships are large passenger ships used mainly for vacationing. Unlike ocean liners, which are used for transport, cruise ships typically embark on round-trip voyages to various ports-of-call, where passengers may go on tours known as "s ...
''
Lakonia
Laconia or Lakonia ( el, Λακωνία, , ) is a historical and administrative region of Greece located on the southeastern part of the Peloponnese peninsula. Its administrative capital is Sparta. The word ''laconic''—to speak in a blunt, con ...
'' burns north of
Madeira
)
, anthem = ( en, "Anthem of the Autonomous Region of Madeira")
, song_type = Regional anthem
, image_map=EU-Portugal_with_Madeira_circled.svg
, map_alt=Location of Madeira
, map_caption=Location of Madeira
, subdivision_type=Sovereign st ...
, Portugal with the loss of 128 lives.
*
1964
Events January
* January 1 – The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland is dissolved.
* January 5 - In the first meeting between leaders of the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches since the fifteenth century, Pope Paul VI and Patriarch ...
– The first test flight of the
SR-71
The Lockheed SR-71 "Blackbird" is a Range (aeronautics), long-range, high-altitude, Mach number, Mach 3+ military strategy, strategic reconnaissance aircraft developed and manufactured by the American aerospace company Lockheed Corporati ...
(Blackbird) takes place at
Air Force Plant 42
United States Air Force Plant 42 is a classified aircraft manufacturing plant owned by the United States Air Force in the Antelope Valley, about from downtown Los Angeles. It is also used by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (N ...
in
Palmdale, California
Palmdale is a city in northern Los Angeles County in the U.S. state of California. The city lies in the Antelope Valley region of Southern California. The San Gabriel Mountains separate Palmdale from the Los Angeles Basin to the south.
On Aug ...
, United States.
*
1965
Events January–February
* January 14 – The Prime Minister of Northern Ireland and the Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland meet for the first time in 43 years.
* January 20
** Lyndon B. Johnson is Second inauguration of Lyndo ...
– In the United Kingdom, a
speed limit
Speed limits on road traffic, as used in most countries, set the legal maximum speed at which vehicles may travel on a given stretch of road. Speed limits are generally indicated on a traffic sign reflecting the maximum permitted speed - expres ...
is applied to all rural roads including
motorway
A controlled-access highway is a type of highway that has been designed for high-speed vehicular traffic, with all traffic flow—ingress and egress—regulated. Common English terms are freeway, motorway and expressway. Other similar terms i ...
s for the first time.
*
1968
The year was highlighted by protests and other unrests that occurred worldwide.
Events January–February
* January 5 – "Prague Spring": Alexander Dubček is chosen as leader of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia.
* Januar ...
–
Cultural Revolution
The Cultural Revolution, formally known as the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, was a sociopolitical movement in the People's Republic of China (PRC) launched by Mao Zedong in 1966, and lasting until his death in 1976. Its stated goal ...
: ''
People's Daily
The ''People's Daily'' () is the official newspaper of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). The newspaper provides direct information on the policies and viewpoints of the CCP. In addition to its main Chinese-language ...
'' posted the instructions of
Mao Zedong
Mao Zedong pronounced ; also romanised traditionally as Mao Tse-tung. (26 December 1893 – 9 September 1976), also known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary who was the founder of the People's Republic of China (PRC) ...
that "
The intellectual youth must go to the country, and will be educated from living in rural poverty."
*
1971 *
The year 1971 had three partial solar eclipses ( February 25, July 22 and August 20) and two total lunar eclipses (February 10, and August 6).
The world population increased by 2.1% this year, the highest increase in history.
Events
Ja ...
– The international aid organization
Doctors Without Borders
Doctor or The Doctor may refer to:
Personal titles
* Doctor (title), the holder of an accredited academic degree
* A medical practitioner, including:
** Physician
** Surgeon
** Dentist
** Veterinary physician
** Optometrist
*Other roles
** ...
is founded by
Bernard Kouchner
Bernard Kouchner KBE (born 1 November 1939) is a French politician and doctor. He is the co-founder of Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) and Médecins du Monde. From 2007 until 2010, he was the French Minister of Foreign and European Affairs ...
and a group of journalists in
Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...
,
France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...
.
*
1973
Events January
* January 1 - The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and Denmark enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union.
* January 15 – Vietnam War: Citing progress in peace negotiations, U.S. ...
– A
Royal Air Maroc
Royal Air Maroc (; ar, الخطوط الملكية المغربية, , literally ''Royal Moroccan Lines'' or ''Royal Moroccan Airlines''; ber, ⴰⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⴰⵢⵍⴰⵍ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⵔⴰⴽⵓⵛ, ''Amuni Aylal Age ...
Sud Aviation Caravelle
The Sud Aviation SE 210 Caravelle is a French jet airliner produced by Sud Aviation.
It was developed by SNCASE in the early 1950s and made its maiden flight on 27 May 1955.
It included some de Havilland designs and components developed for t ...
crashes near Tanger-Boukhalef Airport (now
Tangier Ibn Battouta Airport
Tangier Ibn Battuta Airport (french: link=no, Aéroport de Tanger-Ibn Battouta, ar, مطار طنجة ابن بطوطة) is an international airport serving Tangier (''Tanger'' in French), the capital city of the Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima regi ...
) in
Tangier
Tangier ( ; ; ar, طنجة, Ṭanja) is a city in northwestern Morocco. It is on the Moroccan coast at the western entrance to the Strait of Gibraltar, where the Mediterranean Sea meets the Atlantic Ocean off Cape Spartel. The town is the cap ...
,
Morocco
Morocco (),, ) officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is the westernmost country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It overlooks the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria to ...
, killing 106.
*
1974
Major events in 1974 include the aftermath of the 1973 oil crisis and the resignation of United States President Richard Nixon following the Watergate scandal. In the Middle East, the aftermath of the 1973 Yom Kippur War determined politics; f ...
–
Grande Comore
Grande Comore () is an island in Comoros off the coast of Africa. It is the largest island in the Comoros nation. Most of its population is of the Comorian ethnic group. Its population is about 316,600. The island's capital is Moroni, Comoros, ...
,
Anjouan
Anjouan (; also known as Ndzuwani or Nzwani, and historically as Johanna or Hinzuan) is an autonomous high island in the Indian Ocean that forms part of the Union of the Comoros. Its chief town is Mutsamudu and, , its population is around 277,500. ...
and
Mohéli
Mohéli , also known as Mwali, is an autonomous island that forms part of the Comoros, Union of the Comoros. It is the smallest of the three major islands in the country. It is located in the Indian Ocean off the coast of Africa and it is the sma ...
vote
Voting is a method by which a group, such as a meeting or an electorate, can engage for the purpose of making a collective decision or expressing an opinion usually following discussions, debates or election campaigns. Democracies elect holde ...
to become the independent nation of
Comoros
The Comoros,, ' officially the Union of the Comoros,; ar, الاتحاد القمري ' is an independent country made up of three islands in southeastern Africa, located at the northern end of the Mozambique Channel in the Indian Ocean. It ...
.
Mayotte
Mayotte (; french: Mayotte, ; Shimaore: ''Maore'', ; Kibushi: ''Maori'', ), officially the Department of Mayotte (french: Département de Mayotte), is an overseas department and region and single territorial collectivity of France. It is loc ...
remains under French administration.
* 1974 – The house of former British Prime Minister
Edward Heath
Sir Edward Richard George Heath (9 July 191617 July 2005), often known as Ted Heath, was a British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1970 to 1974 and Leader of the Conservative Party (UK), Leader of the Conserv ...
is attacked by members of the
Provisional IRA
The Irish Republican Army (IRA; ), also known as the Provisional Irish Republican Army, and informally as the Provos, was an Irish republicanism, Irish republican paramilitary organisation that sought to end British rule in Northern Ireland, fa ...
.
*
1975
It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe.
Events
January
* January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
– U.S. President
Gerald Ford
Gerald Rudolph Ford Jr. ( ; born Leslie Lynch King Jr.; July 14, 1913December 26, 2006) was an American politician who served as the 38th president of the United States from 1974 to 1977. He was the only president never to have been elected ...
creates the
Strategic Petroleum Reserve in response to the
1970s energy crisis
The 1970s energy crisis occurred when the Western world, particularly the United States, Canada, Western Europe, Australia, and New Zealand, faced substantial petroleum shortages as well as elevated prices. The two worst crises of this period wer ...
.
*
1978
Events January
* January 1 – Air India Flight 855, a Boeing 747 passenger jet, crashes off the coast of Bombay, killing 213.
* January 5 – Bülent Ecevit, of Republican People's Party, CHP, forms the new government of Turkey (42nd go ...
– The pivotal Third Plenum of the
11th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party
11 (eleven) is the natural number following 10 and preceding 12. It is the first repdigit. In English, it is the smallest positive integer whose name has three syllables.
Name
"Eleven" derives from the Old English ', which is first attested i ...
is held in Beijing, with
Deng Xiaoping
Deng Xiaoping (22 August 1904 – 19 February 1997) was a Chinese revolutionary leader, military commander and statesman who served as the paramount leader of the People's Republic of China (PRC) from December 1978 to November 1989. After CC ...
reversing
Mao-era policies to pursue a program for
Chinese economic reform
The Chinese economic reform or reform and opening-up (), known in the West as the opening of China, is the program of economic reforms termed " Socialism with Chinese characteristics" and "socialist market economy" in the People's Republic of C ...
.
*
1984
Events
January
* January 1 – The Bornean Sultanate of Brunei gains full independence from the United Kingdom, having become a British protectorate in 1888.
* January 7 – Brunei becomes the sixth member of the Association of Southeast A ...
– "Subway vigilante"
Bernhard Goetz
On December 22, 1984, Bernhard Goetz () shot four young men on a New York City Subway train in Manhattan after they allegedly tried to rob him.
Goetz surrendered to police nine days later and was charged with attempted murder, assault, reckles ...
shoots four would-be muggers on a
2 express train in
Manhattan
Manhattan (), known regionally as the City, is the most densely populated and geographically smallest of the five boroughs of New York City. The borough is also coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state ...
section of New York, United States.
*
1987
File:1987 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The MS Herald of Free Enterprise capsizes after leaving the Port of Zeebrugge in Belgium, killing 193; Northwest Airlines Flight 255 crashes after takeoff from Detroit Metropolitan Airport, k ...
– In
Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe (), officially the Republic of Zimbabwe, is a landlocked country located in Southeast Africa, between the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers, bordered by South Africa to the south, Botswana to the south-west, Zambia to the north, and Mozam ...
, the political parties
ZANU
The Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) was a militant organisation that fought against white minority rule in Rhodesia, formed as a split from the Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU). ZANU split in 1975 into wings loyal to Robert Mugab ...
and
ZAPU
The Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU) is a Zimbabwean political party. It is a militant organization and political party that campaigned for majority rule in Rhodesia, from its founding in 1961 until 1980. In 1987, it merged with the Zimba ...
reach an agreement that ends the violence in the
Matabeleland
Matabeleland is a region located in southwestern Zimbabwe that is divided into three provinces: Matabeleland North, Bulawayo, and Matabeleland South. These provinces are in the west and south-west of Zimbabwe, between the Limpopo and Zambezi r ...
region known as the
Gukurahundi
The ''Gukurahundi'' was a genocide in Zimbabwe which arose in 1982 until the Unity Accord in 1987. It derives from a Shona language term which loosely translates to "the early rain which washes away the chaff before the spring rains".
During ...
.
*
1989
File:1989 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The Cypress Street Viaduct, Cypress structure collapses as a result of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, killing motorists below; The proposal document for the World Wide Web is submitted; The Exxo ...
–
Romanian Revolution
The Romanian Revolution ( ro, Revoluția Română), also known as the Christmas Revolution ( ro, Revoluția de Crăciun), was a period of violent civil unrest in Romania during December 1989 as a part of the Revolutions of 1989 that occurred i ...
:
Communist
Communism (from Latin la, communis, lit=common, universal, label=none) is a far-left sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology and current within the socialist movement whose goal is the establishment of a communist society, a s ...
President of Romania
The president of Romania ( ro, Președintele României) is the head of state of Romania. Following a modification to the Constitution of Romania, Romanian Constitution in 2003, the president is directly elected by a two-round system and serves ...
Nicolae Ceaușescu
Nicolae Ceaușescu ( , ; – 25 December 1989) was a Romanian communist politician and dictator. He was the general secretary of the Romanian Communist Party from 1965 to 1989, and the second and last Communist leader of Romania. He was ...
is overthrown by
Ion Iliescu
Ion Iliescu (; born 3 March 1930) is a Romanian politician and engineer who served as President of Romania from 1989 until 1996 and from 2000 until 2004. Between 1996 and 2000 and also from 2004 to 2008, the year in which he retired, Iliescu ...
after days of bloody confrontations. The deposed dictator and his wife Elena flee
Bucharest
Bucharest ( , ; ro, București ) is the capital and largest city of Romania, as well as its cultural, industrial, and financial centre. It is located in the southeast of the country, on the banks of the Dâmbovița River, less than north of ...
in a helicopter as protesters erupt in cheers.
* 1989 –
German reunification
German reunification (german: link=no, Deutsche Wiedervereinigung) was the process of re-establishing Germany as a united and fully sovereign state, which took place between 2 May 1989 and 15 March 1991. The day of 3 October 1990 when the Ge ...
: Berlin's
Brandenburg Gate
The Brandenburg Gate (german: Brandenburger Tor ) is an 18th-century neoclassical monument in Berlin, built on the orders of Prussian king Frederick William II after restoring the Orangist power by suppressing the Dutch popular unrest. One ...
re-opens after nearly 30 years, effectively ending the division of
East
East or Orient is one of the four cardinal directions or points of the compass. It is the opposite direction from west and is the direction from which the Sun rises on the Earth.
Etymology
As in other languages, the word is formed from the fa ...
and
West Germany
West Germany is the colloquial term used to indicate the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG; german: Bundesrepublik Deutschland , BRD) between its formation on 23 May 1949 and the German reunification through the accession of East Germany on 3 O ...
.
*
1990
File:1990 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1990 FIFA World Cup is played in Italy; The Human Genome Project is launched; Voyager I takes the famous Pale Blue Dot image- speaking on the fragility of Humankind, humanity on Earth, Astroph ...
–
Lech Wałęsa
Lech Wałęsa (; ; born 29 September 1943) is a Polish statesman, dissident, and Nobel Peace Prize laureate, who served as the President of Poland between 1990 and 1995. After winning the 1990 election, Wałęsa became the first democratica ...
is
elected Elected may refer to:
* "Elected" (song), by Alice Cooper, 1973
* ''Elected'' (EP), by Ayreon, 2008
*The Elected, an American indie rock band
See also
*Election
An election is a formal group decision-making process by which a populatio ...
President of Poland
The president of Poland ( pl, Prezydent RP), officially the president of the Republic of Poland ( pl, Prezydent Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej), is the head of state of Poland. Their rights and obligations are determined in the Constitution of Polan ...
.
* 1990 – Final independence of
Marshall Islands
The Marshall Islands ( mh, Ṃajeḷ), officially the Republic of the Marshall Islands ( mh, Aolepān Aorōkin Ṃajeḷ),'' () is an independent island country and microstate near the Equator in the Pacific Ocean, slightly west of the Internati ...
and
Federated States of Micronesia
The Federated States of Micronesia (; abbreviated FSM) is an island country in Oceania. It consists of four states from west to east, Yap, Chuuk, Pohnpei and Kosraethat are spread across the western Pacific. Together, the states comprise a ...
after termination of
trusteeship
Trustee (or the holding of a trusteeship) is a legal term which, in its broadest sense, is a synonym for anyone in a position of trust and so can refer to any individual who holds property, authority, or a position of trust or responsibility to t ...
.
*
1992
File:1992 Events Collage V1.png, From left, clockwise: 1992 Los Angeles riots, Riots break out across Los Angeles, California after the Police brutality, police beating of Rodney King; El Al Flight 1862 crashes into a residential apartment buildi ...
– During approach to
Tripoli International Airport
Tripoli International Airport () is a closed international airport built to serve Tripoli, the capital city of Libya. The airport is located in the area of Qasr bin Ghashir, from central Tripoli. It used to be the hub for Libyan Airlines, Af ...
, a
Boeing 727
The Boeing 727 is an American narrow-body airliner that was developed and produced by Boeing Commercial Airplanes.
After the heavy 707 quad-jet was introduced in 1958, Boeing addressed the demand for shorter flight lengths from smaller airpo ...
operating as
Libyan Arab Airlines Flight 1103
Libyan Arab Airlines Flight 1103 was a Boeing 727, Boeing 727-2L5The aircraft was a Boeing 727-200 model; Boeing assigns a unique code for each company that buys one of its aircraft, which is applied as an infix to the model number at the time ...
collides in mid-air with a
Libyan Air Force
The Libyan Air Force ( ar, القوات الجوية الليبية) is the branch of the Libyan Armed Forces responsible for aerial warfare. In 2010, before the Libyan Civil War, the Libyan Air Force personnel strength was estimated at 18,000 ...
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23
The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23 (russian: Микоян и Гуревич МиГ-23; NATO reporting name: Flogger) is a variable-geometry fighter aircraft, designed by the Mikoyan-Gurevich design bureau in the Soviet Union. It is a third-generati ...
, killing 157 people.
*
1996
File:1996 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: A Centennial Olympic Park bombing, bomb explodes at Centennial Olympic Park in Atlanta, set off by a radical Anti-abortion violence, anti-abortionist; The center fuel tank explodes on TWA Flight 8 ...
–
Airborne Express Flight 827
Airborne Express Flight 827 was a functional evaluation flight (FEF) of an Airborne Express Douglas DC-8-63F (registration N827AX) that had undergone a major modification. On December 22, 1996, during the test flight, the aircraft stalled and cr ...
crashes near
Narrows, Virginia
Narrows, named for the narrowing of the New River (Kanawha River), New River that flows through the town, is a town in Giles County, Virginia, Giles County, Virginia, United States. The population was 2,029 at the 2010 United States Census, 2010 ce ...
, killing all six people on board.
*
1997
File:1997 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The movie set of ''Titanic'', the highest-grossing movie in history at the time; ''Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone'', is published; Comet Hale-Bopp passes by Earth and becomes one of t ...
– Acteal massacre: Attendees at a prayer meeting of Catholic Church, Roman Catholic activists for Indigenous peoples of the Americas, indigenous causes in the small village of Acteal in the Mexican state of Chiapas are wikt:massacre, massacred by paramilitary forces.
* 1997 – Somali Civil War: Hussein Farrah Aidid relinquishes the disputed title of President of Somalia by signing the Attempts at reconciliation in Somalia (1991–2004)#1997_Cairo_Peace_Conference_/_Cairo_Declaration, Cairo Declaration, in Cairo, Egypt. It is the first major step towards Attempts at reconciliation in Somalia (1991–2004), reconciliation in Somalia since 1991.
*1999 – Just after taking off from London Stansted Airport, Korean Air Cargo Flight 8509 crashes into Hatfield Forest near Great Hallingbury, killing all four people on board.
*2001 – Burhanuddin Rabbani, political leader of the Northern Alliance, hands over power in Islamic State of Afghanistan to the interim government headed by President of Afghanistan, President Hamid Karzai.
* 2001 – Richard Reid attempts to destroy a passenger airliner by igniting explosives hidden in his shoes aboard 2001 failed shoe bomb attempt, American Airlines Flight 63.
*2008 – An ash dike Kingston Fossil Plant coal fly ash slurry spill, ruptured at a solid waste containment area in Roane County, Tennessee, releasing of coal fly ash slurry.
*2010 – The Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010, repeal of the Don't ask, don't tell policy, the 17-year-old policy banning homosexuals serving openly in the United States military, is signed into law by President Barack Obama.
*2012 – Bashir Ahmad Bilour of Awami National Party and eight others are killed in a Pakistan Taliban bomber suicide attack in Dhaki Nalbandi area near Qissa Khwani Bazaar.
*2016 – A study finds the VSV-EBOV vaccine against the Ebola virus between 70 and 100% effective, thus making it the first proven vaccine against the disease.
*2017 – United Nations Security Council Resolution 2397 against North Korea is unanimously approved.
* 2017 – President Donald Trump signs the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017.
*2018 – A 2018 Sunda Strait tsunami, tsunami caused by an eruption of Anak Krakatau in Indonesia kills at least 430 people and injures almost a thousand more.
* 2018 – The 2018–2019 United States federal government shutdown, the longest Government shutdowns in the United States, shutdown of the Federal government of the United States, U.S. federal government in history, begins.
Births
Pre-1600
* 244 – Diocletian, Roman emperor (d. 311)
* 948 – Gang Gam-chan, Korean official and general (d. 1031)
*1095 – Roger II of Sicily (d. 1154)
*1178 – Emperor Antoku of Japan (d. 1185)
*1183 – Chagatai Khan, Mongol ruler (d. 1242)
*1300 – Khutughtu Khan Kusala, Mongolian emperor (d. 1329)
*1459 – Sultan Cem, Ottoman politician (d. 1495)
*1546 – Kuroda Yoshitaka, Japanese daimyō (d. 1604)
*1550 – Cesare Cremonini (philosopher), Cesare Cremonini, Italian philosopher and author (d. 1631)
*1569 – Étienne Martellange, French architect (d. 1641)
*1591 – Tommaso Dingli, Maltese architect and sculptor (d. 1666)
1601–1900
*1639 – Jean Racine, French poet and playwright (d. 1699)
*1666 – Guru Gobind Singh, Indian guru and poet (d. 1708)
*1694 – Hermann Samuel Reimarus, German philosopher and academic (d. 1768)
*1696 – James Oglethorpe, English general and politician, 1st List of colonial governors of Georgia, Colonial Governor of Georgia (d. 1785)
*1723 – Carl Friedrich Abel, German viol player and composer (d. 1787)
*1765 – Johann Friedrich Pfaff, German mathematician and academic (d. 1825)
*1799 – Nicholas Callan, Irish priest and physicist (d. 1864)
*1805 – John Obadiah Westwood, English entomologist and archaeologist (d. 1893)
*
1807
Events
January–March
* January 7 – The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland issues an Order in Council prohibiting British ships from trading with France or its allies.
* January 20 – The Sierra Leone Company, faced with b ...
– Johan Sebastian Welhaven, Norwegian author, poet, and critic (d. 1873)
*1819 – Franz Abt, German composer and conductor (d. 1870)
* 1819 – Pierre Ossian Bonnet, French mathematician and academic (d. 1892)
*1839 – John Nevil Maskelyne, English magician (d. 1917)
*1850 – Victoriano Huerta, Mexican general and politician, 35th President of Mexico (d. 1916)
*1853 – Teresa Carreño, Venezuelan-American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 1917)
* 1853 – Evgraf Fedorov, Russian mathematician, crystallographer, and mineralogist (d. 1919)
* 1853 – Sarada Devi, Indian mystic and philosopher (d. 1920)
*1856 – Frank B. Kellogg, American lawyer and politician, 45th United States Secretary of State, Nobel Peace Prize, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1937)
*1858 – Giacomo Puccini, Italian composer and educator (d. 1924)
*1862 – Connie Mack, American baseball player and manager (d. 1956)
*1865 – Charles Sands, American golfer and tennis player (d. 1945)
*1868 – Jaan Tõnisson, Estonian journalist, lawyer, and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Estonia (d. 1941?)
*1869 – Dmitri Egorov, Russian mathematician and academic (d. 1931)
* 1869 – Edwin Arlington Robinson, American poet and playwright (d. 1935)
*1872 – Camille Guérin, French veterinarian and bacteriologist (d. 1961)
*1874 – Franz Schmidt (composer), Franz Schmidt, Austrian cellist, pianist, and composer (d. 1939)
*1876 – Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, Egyptian-Italian poet and composer (d. 1944)
*1878 – Myer Prinstein, Polish-American jumper (d. 1925)
*1883 – Marcus Hurley, American cyclist (d. 1941)
* 1883 – Edgard Varèse, French-American composer (d. 1965)
*1884 – St. Elmo Brady, African American chemist and educator (d. 1966)
*
1885
Events
January–March
* January 3– 4 – Sino-French War – Battle of Núi Bop: French troops under General Oscar de Négrier defeat a numerically superior Qing Chinese force, in northern Vietnam.
* January 4 – ...
– Deems Taylor, American conductor and critic (d. 1966)
*1887 – Srinivasa Ramanujan, Indian mathematician and theorist (d. 1920)
*
1888
In Germany, 1888 is known as the Year of the Three Emperors. Currently, it is the year that, when written in Roman numerals, has the most digits (13). The next year that also has 13 digits is the year 2388. The record will be surpassed as late ...
– J. Arthur Rank, 1st Baron Rank, English businessman, founded Rank Organisation (d. 1972)
*1889 – George Hutson, English runner and soldier (d. 1914)
*1892 – Herman Potočnik, Slovenian-Austrian engineer (d. 1929)
*
1894
Events January–March
* January 4 – A military alliance is established between the French Third Republic and the Russian Empire.
* January 7 – William Kennedy Dickson receives a patent for motion picture film in the United S ...
– Edwin Linkomies, Finnish academic, professor and the Prime Minister of Finland (d. 1963)
*1898 – Vladimir Fock, Russian physicist and mathematician (d. 1974)
*1899 – Gustaf Gründgens, German actor and director (d. 1963)
*1900 – Marc Allégret, French director and screenwriter (d. 1973)
1901–present
*1901 – Andre Kostelanetz, Russian-American conductor and composer (d. 1980)
*1903 – Haldan Keffer Hartline, American physiologist and academic, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1983)
*1905 – Pierre Brasseur, French-Italian actor and screenwriter (d. 1972)
* 1905 – Pierre Levegh, French ice hockey player and racing driver (d. 1955)
* 1905 – Kenneth Rexroth, American poet, translator, and academic (d. 1982)
*1907 – Peggy Ashcroft, English actress (d. 1991)
*1908 – Giacomo Manzù, Italian sculptor and academic (d. 1991)
*1909 – Patricia Hayes, English actress (d. 1998)
*1911 – Danny O'Dea, English actor (d. 2003)
*1912 – Elias Degiannis, Greek commander (d. 1943)
* 1912 – Lady Bird Johnson, American beautification activist; 38th List of First Ladies of the United States, First Lady of the United States (d. 2007)
*1913 – Giorgio Oberweger, Italian discus thrower and hurdler (d. 1998)
*1915 – Barbara Billingsley, American actress (d. 2010)
* 1915 – Phillip Glasier, English author and academic (d. 2000)
*1917 – Gene Rayburn, American game show host and actor (d. 1999)
*
1921
Events
January
* January 2
** The Association football club Cruzeiro Esporte Clube, from Belo Horizonte, is founded as the multi-sports club Palestra Italia by Italian expatriates in First Brazilian Republic, Brazil.
** The Spanish lin ...
– Dimitri Fampas, Greek guitarist and composer (d. 1996)
* 1921 – Hawkshaw Hawkins, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1963)
*1922 – Ruth Roman, American actress (d. 1999)
* 1922 – Jim Wright, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 56th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (d. 2015)
*1923 – Peregrine Worsthorne, English journalist and author (d. 2020)
*1924 – Frank Corsaro, American actor and director (d. 2017)
*1925 – Lewis Glucksman, American businessman and philanthropist (d. 2006)
* 1925 – Lefter Küçükandonyadis, Turkish footballer and manager (d. 2012)
*1926 – Alcides Ghiggia, Italian-Uruguayan footballer and manager (d. 2015)
* 1926 – Roberta Leigh (Rita Shulman Lewin), British writer, artist and TV producer (d. 2014)
*1928 – Fredrik Barth, German-Norwegian anthropologist and academic (d. 2016)
*1929 – Wazir Mohammad, Indian-Pakistani cricketer
*1930 – Ardalion Ignatyev, Russian sprinter and educator (d. 1998)
*1931 – Gisela Birkemeyer, German hurdler and coach
* 1931 – Carlos Graça, São Toméan lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of São Tomé and Príncipe (d. 2013)
*1932 – Phil Woosnam, Welsh soccer player and manager (d. 2013)
*1933 – John Hartle, English motorcycle racer (d. 1968)
*1934 – David Pearson (racing driver), David Pearson, American race car driver (d. 2018)
*1935 – Paulo Rocha (film director), Paulo Rocha, Portuguese director and screenwriter (d. 2012)
*1936 – James Burke (science historian), James Burke, Irish historian and author
* 1936 – Héctor Elizondo, American actor and director
*
1937
Events
January
* January 1 – Anastasio Somoza García becomes President of Nicaragua.
* January 5 – Water levels begin to rise in the Ohio River in the United States, leading to the Ohio River flood of 1937, which continues into Fe ...
– Charlotte Lamb, English author (d. 2000)
* 1937 – Eduard Uspensky, Russian author, poet, and playwright (d. 2018)
* 1937 – Ken Whitmore, English author and playwright
*1938 – Matty Alou, Dominican-American baseball player and scout (d. 2011)
* 1938 – Lucien Bouchard, Canadian lawyer and politician, 27th Premier of Quebec
* 1938 – Red Steagall, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, actor, and poet
*
1940
A calendar from 1940 according to the Gregorian calendar, factoring in the dates of Easter and related holidays, cannot be used again until the year 5280.
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
*January ...
– Luis Francisco Cuéllar, Colombian rancher and politician (d. 2009)
* 1940 – Mike Molloy, English journalist, author, and illustrator
*
1942
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1 – WWII: The Declaration by United Nations is signed by China, the United Kingdom, the United States, the Soviet Union, and 22 other nations, in wh ...
– Jerry Koosman, American baseball player
* 1942 – Dick Parry, English saxophonist
*1943 – Stefan Janos (physicist), Stefan Janos, Slovak-Swiss physicist and academic
* 1943 – Paul Wolfowitz, American banker and politician, 25th United States Deputy Secretary of Defense
*
1944
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 2 – WWII:
** Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command French Army B, part of the Sixth United States Army Group in Nor ...
– Mary Archer, English chemist and academic
* 1944 – Steve Carlton, American baseball player
* 1944 – Barry Jenkins (musician), Barry Jenkins, English drummer
*
1945
1945 marked the end of World War II and the fall of Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan. It is also the only year in which nuclear weapons have been used in combat.
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
Januar ...
– Frances Lannon, English historian and academic
* 1945 – Sam Newman, Australian footballer and sportscaster
* 1945 – Diane Sawyer, American journalist
*1946 – Roger Carr (businessman), Roger Carr, English businessman
* 1946 – C. Eugene Steuerle, American economist and author
*1947 – Brian Daley, American author and screenwriter (d. 1996)
* 1947 – Dilip Doshi, Indian cricketer
*
1948
Events January
* January 1
** The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is inaugurated.
** The Constitution of New Jersey (later subject to amendment) goes into effect.
** The railways of Britain are nationalized, to form British ...
– Steve Garvey, American baseball player and sportscaster
* 1948 – Don Kardong, American runner, journalist, and author
* 1948 – Rick Nielsen, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
* 1948 – Chris Old, English cricketer and coach
* 1948 – Lynne Thigpen, American actress and singer (d. 2003)
*1949 – Maurice Gibb, Manx-English singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2003)
* 1949 – Robin Gibb, Manx-English singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2012)
* 1949 – Ray Guy, American football player (d. 2022)
*1951 – Lasse Bengtsson, Swedish journalist
* 1951 – Charles de Lint, Dutch-Canadian author and critic
* 1951 – Gerald Grosvenor, 6th Duke of Westminster, British landowner, businessman and philanthropist (d. 2016)
* 1951 – Tony Isabella, American comic book writer, editor, actor, artist and critic
* 1951 – Jan Stephenson, Australian golfer
*1952 – Sandra Kalniete, Latvian politician and diplomat, List of Ministers for Foreign Affairs of Latvia, Latvian Minister of Foreign Affairs
*1953 – Ian Turnbull (ice hockey), Ian Turnbull, Canadian ice hockey player
* 1953 – Tom Underwood, American baseball player (d. 2010)
*1954 – Hideshi Matsuda, Japanese racing driver
* 1954 – Derick Parry, Nevisian cricketer
*1955 – Galina Murašova, Lithuanian discus thrower
* 1955 – Lonnie Smith (baseball), Lonnie Smith, American baseball player
* 1955 – Thomas C. Südhof, German-American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate
*1956 – Jane Lighting, English businesswoman
*1957 – Stephen Conway, English bishop
* 1957 – Carole James, English-Canadian educator and politician
* 1957 – Peter Mortimer (rugby league), Peter Mortimer, Australian rugby league player
*1958 – Frank Gambale, Australian guitarist, songwriter, and producer
* 1958 – David Heavener, American singer-songwriter, producer, actor, and director
*1959 – Bernd Schuster, German footballer and manager
*1960 – Jean-Michel Basquiat, American painter and poet (d. 1988)
* 1960 – Luther Campbell, American rapper and actor
*1961 – Yuri Malenchenko, Russian colonel, pilot, and astronaut
*1962 – Ralph Fiennes, English actor
*
1963
Events January
* January 1 – Bogle–Chandler case: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation scientist Dr. Gilbert Bogle and Mrs. Margaret Chandler are found dead (presumed poisoned), in bushland near the Lane Cov ...
– Giuseppe Bergomi, Italian footballer and coach
* 1963 – Brian McMillan, South African cricketer and educator
* 1963 – Luna H. Mitani, Japanese-American painter and illustrator
*
1964
Events January
* January 1 – The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland is dissolved.
* January 5 - In the first meeting between leaders of the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches since the fifteenth century, Pope Paul VI and Patriarch ...
– Simon Kirby, English businessman and politician
* 1964 – Mike Jackson (right-handed pitcher), Mike Jackson, American baseball player
* 1965 – David S. Goyer, American screenwriter
*
1965
Events January–February
* January 14 – The Prime Minister of Northern Ireland and the Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland meet for the first time in 43 years.
* January 20
** Lyndon B. Johnson is Second inauguration of Lyndo ...
– Urszula Włodarczyk, Polish heptathlete and triple jumper
*1966 – Dmitry Bilozerchev, Russian gymnast and coach
* 1966 – Marcel Schirmer, German singer-songwriter and bass player
* 1966 – David Wright (politician), David Wright, English lawyer and politician
*1967 – Richey Edwards, Welsh singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1995)
* 1967 – Stéphane Gendron, Canadian lawyer and politician
* 1967 – Rebecca Harris, English businesswoman and politician
* 1967 – Dan Petrescu, Romanian footballer and manager
*
1968
The year was highlighted by protests and other unrests that occurred worldwide.
Events January–February
* January 5 – "Prague Spring": Alexander Dubček is chosen as leader of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia.
* Januar ...
– Emre Aracı, Turkish composer, conductor, and historian
* 1968 – Luis Hernández (footballer, born 1968), Luis Hernández, Mexican footballer
* 1968 – Dina Meyer, American actress
*1969 – Myriam Bédard, Canadian biathlete
* 1969 – Mark Robins, English footballer and manager
*1970 – Ted Cruz, American lawyer and politician
* 1970 – Gary Anderson (darts player), Gary Anderson, Scottish darts player
*
1971 *
The year 1971 had three partial solar eclipses ( February 25, July 22 and August 20) and two total lunar eclipses (February 10, and August 6).
The world population increased by 2.1% this year, the highest increase in history.
Events
Ja ...
– Ajeenkya Patil, Indian economist and academic
*1972 – Kirk Maltby, Canadian ice hockey player and scout
* 1972 – Vanessa Paradis, French singer-songwriter and actress
* 1972 – Mark Hill (musician), Mark Hill, English musician, producer and songwriter
*
1975
It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe.
Events
January
* January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
– Sergei Aschwanden, Swiss martial artist
* 1975 – Dmitri Khokhlov, Russian footballer and manager
* 1975 – Marcin Mięciel, Polish footballer
* 1975 – Stanislav Neckář, Czech ice hockey player
*1976 – Katleen De Caluwé, Belgian sprinter
* 1976 – Jason Lane, American baseball player and coach
* 1976 – Aya Takano, Japanese author and illustrator
*1977 – Steve Kariya, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
*
1978
Events January
* January 1 – Air India Flight 855, a Boeing 747 passenger jet, crashes off the coast of Bombay, killing 213.
* January 5 – Bülent Ecevit, of Republican People's Party, CHP, forms the new government of Turkey (42nd go ...
– Danny Ahn, South Korean singer
* 1978 – Joy Ali, Fijian boxer (d. 2015)
* 1978 – Emmanuel Olisadebe, Nigerian-Polish footballer
*1979 – Jamie Langfield, Scottish footballer and coach
*1981 – Marina Kuptsova, Russian high jumper
*1982 – Britta Heidemann, German fencer
* 1982 – Alinne Moraes, Brazilian actress and model
*1983 – Ryan Eversley, American race car driver
* 1983 – Drew Hankinson, American wrestler
* 1983 – Viola Kibiwot, Kenyan runner
* 1983 – José Fonte, Portuguese footballer
*
1984
Events
January
* January 1 – The Bornean Sultanate of Brunei gains full independence from the United Kingdom, having become a British protectorate in 1888.
* January 7 – Brunei becomes the sixth member of the Association of Southeast A ...
– Basshunter, Swedish singer, record producer and DJ
*1986 – Dennis Armfield, Australian footballer
* 1986 – Fatih Öztürk (footballer, born 1986), Fatih Öztürk, Turkish footballer
*
1987
File:1987 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The MS Herald of Free Enterprise capsizes after leaving the Port of Zeebrugge in Belgium, killing 193; Northwest Airlines Flight 255 crashes after takeoff from Detroit Metropolitan Airport, k ...
– Éder (Portuguese footballer), Éder, Bissau-Portuguese footballer
*1988 – Leigh Halfpenny, Welsh rugby player
*
1989
File:1989 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The Cypress Street Viaduct, Cypress structure collapses as a result of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, killing motorists below; The proposal document for the World Wide Web is submitted; The Exxo ...
– Jordin Sparks, American singer-songwriter and actress
*
1990
File:1990 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1990 FIFA World Cup is played in Italy; The Human Genome Project is launched; Voyager I takes the famous Pale Blue Dot image- speaking on the fragility of Humankind, humanity on Earth, Astroph ...
– Jean-Baptiste Maunier, French actor and singer
*1991 – DaBaby, American rapper
*
1992
File:1992 Events Collage V1.png, From left, clockwise: 1992 Los Angeles riots, Riots break out across Los Angeles, California after the Police brutality, police beating of Rodney King; El Al Flight 1862 crashes into a residential apartment buildi ...
– Michaela Hončová, Slovak tennis player
* 1992 – Moonbyul, Korean rapper, vocalist and songwriter
*1993 – Meghan Trainor, American singer-songwriter and producer
* 1993 – Raphaël Guerreiro, Portuguese footballer
*1994 – Rúben Lameiras, Portuguese footballer
*1998 – G Hannelius, American actress and singer
* 1998 – Casper Ruud, Norwegian tennis player
*2000 – Joshua Bassett (actor), Joshua Bassett, American actor and singer
*2001 – Camila Osorio, Colombian tennis player
Deaths
Pre-1600
*
AD 69
AD 69 ( LXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Augustus and Rufinus (or, less frequently, year 822 ''Ab urbe condita' ...
–
Vitellius
Aulus Vitellius (; ; 24 September 1520 December 69) was Roman emperor for eight months, from 19 April to 20 December AD 69. Vitellius was proclaimed emperor following the quick succession of the previous emperors Galba and Otho, in a year of ci ...
, Roman emperor (b. 15)
* 731 – Yuan Qianyao, official of the History of China, Chinese Tang Dynasty
*1012 – Baha' al-Dawla, Buyid amir of Iraq
*1060 – Cynesige, Archbishop of York
*1100 – Bretislav II, Bretislav II of Bohemia (b. 1060)
*1115 – Olaf Magnusson of Norway, Olaf Magnusson, King of Norway (b. 1099)
*1419 – Antipope John XXIII
*1530 – Willibald Pirckheimer, German lawyer and author (b. 1470)
*1554 – Alessandro Bonvicino, Italian painter (b. 1498)
*1572 – François Clouet, French miniaturist (b. c. 1510)
1601–1900
*1603 – Mehmed III, Ottoman sultan (b. 1566)
*1641 – Maximilien de Béthune, Duke of Sully, 2nd Prime Minister of France (b. 1560)
*1646 – Petro Mohyla, Ruthenian metropolitan and saint (b. 1596)
*1660 – André Tacquet, Flemish priest and mathematician (b. 1612)
*1666 – Guercino, Italian painter (b. 1591)
*1681 – Richard Alleine, English minister and author (b. 1611)
*1767 – John Newbery, English publisher (b. 1713)
*
1788
Events
January–March
* January 1 – The first edition of ''The Times'', previously ''The Daily Universal Register'', is published in London.
* January 2 – Georgia ratifies the United States Constitution, and becomes the fourth U.S ...
– Percivall Pott, English physician and surgeon (b. 1714)
*1806 – William Vernon, English-American merchant (b. 1719)
*1828 – William Hyde Wollaston, English chemist and physicist (b. 1766)
*1853 – Manuel María Lombardini, Mexican general and politician. President (1853) (b. 1802)
*1867 – Jean-Victor Poncelet, French mathematician and engineer (b. 1788)
*1870 – Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer, Spanish journalist, poet, and playwright (b. 1836)
*1880 – George Eliot, English novelist and poet (b. 1819)
*
1891
Events
January–March
* January 1
** Paying of old age pensions begins in Germany.
** A strike of 500 Hungarian steel workers occurs; 3,000 men are out of work as a consequence.
**Germany takes formal possession of its new Africa ...
– Paul de Lagarde, German biblical scholar and orientalist (b. 1827)
*1899 – Dwight L. Moody, American evangelist and publisher, founded Moody Publishers (b. 1837)
1901–present
*1902 – Richard von Krafft-Ebing, German-Austrian psychiatrist and author (b. 1840)
*1915 – Rose Talbot Bullard, American medical doctor and professor (b. 1864)
*1917 – Frances Xavier Cabrini, Italian-American nun and saint (b. 1850)
*1918 – Aristeidis Moraitinis (aviator), Aristeidis Moraitinis, Greek lieutenant and pilot (b. 1891)
*1919 – Hermann Weingärtner, German gymnast (b. 1864)
*1925 – Amelie Beese, German pilot and engineer (b. 1886)
*
1939
This year also marks the start of the Second World War, the largest and deadliest conflict in human history.
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1
** Third Reich
*** Jews are forbidden to ...
– Ma Rainey, American singer (b. 1886)
*
1940
A calendar from 1940 according to the Gregorian calendar, factoring in the dates of Easter and related holidays, cannot be used again until the year 5280.
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
*January ...
– Nathanael West, American author and screenwriter (b. 1903)
*1941 – Karel Hašler, Czech actor, director, composer, and screenwriter (b. 1879)
*
1942
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1 – WWII: The Declaration by United Nations is signed by China, the United Kingdom, the United States, the Soviet Union, and 22 other nations, in wh ...
– Franz Boas, German-American anthropologist and linguist (b. 1858)
*1943 – Beatrix Potter, English children's book writer and illustrator (b. 1866)
*
1944
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 2 – WWII:
** Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command French Army B, part of the Sixth United States Army Group in Nor ...
– Harry Langdon, American actor, comedian, and vaudevillian (b. 1884)
*1950 – Frederick Freake, English polo player (b. 1876)
*1957 – Frank George Woollard, English engineer (b. 1883)
*1959 – Gilda Gray, Polish-American actress and dancer (b. 1901)
*1960 – Ninian Comper, Scottish-English architect (b. 1864)
*1962 – Ross McLarty, Australian politician, 17th Premier of Western Australia (b. 1891)
*
1965
Events January–February
* January 14 – The Prime Minister of Northern Ireland and the Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland meet for the first time in 43 years.
* January 20
** Lyndon B. Johnson is Second inauguration of Lyndo ...
– Richard Dimbleby, English journalist (b. 1913)
*
1968
The year was highlighted by protests and other unrests that occurred worldwide.
Events January–February
* January 5 – "Prague Spring": Alexander Dubček is chosen as leader of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia.
* Januar ...
– Raymond Gram Swing, American journalist (b. 1887)
*1969 – Enrique Peñaranda, 45th President of Bolivia (b. 1892)
*
1971 *
The year 1971 had three partial solar eclipses ( February 25, July 22 and August 20) and two total lunar eclipses (February 10, and August 6).
The world population increased by 2.1% this year, the highest increase in history.
Events
Ja ...
– Godfried Bomans, Dutch journalist and author (b. 1913)
*
1974
Major events in 1974 include the aftermath of the 1973 oil crisis and the resignation of United States President Richard Nixon following the Watergate scandal. In the Middle East, the aftermath of the 1973 Yom Kippur War determined politics; f ...
– Sterling North, American author and critic (b. 1906)
*1979 – Darryl F. Zanuck, American director and producer (b. 1902)
*1985 – D. Boon, American singer and musician (b. 1958)
*1986 – Mary Burchell, English author and activist (b. 1904)
* 1986 – David Penhaligon, Cornish Liberal Politician (b. 1944), Member of Parliament (United Kingdom), Member of Parliament (MP) for Truro (UK Parliament constituency), Truro (1974-1986)
*
1987
File:1987 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The MS Herald of Free Enterprise capsizes after leaving the Port of Zeebrugge in Belgium, killing 193; Northwest Airlines Flight 255 crashes after takeoff from Detroit Metropolitan Airport, k ...
– Luca Prodan, Italian-Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1953)
*1988 – Chico Mendes, Brazilian trade union leader and activist (b. 1944)
*
1989
File:1989 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The Cypress Street Viaduct, Cypress structure collapses as a result of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, killing motorists below; The proposal document for the World Wide Web is submitted; The Exxo ...
– Samuel Beckett, Irish author, poet, and playwright, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1906)
*
1992
File:1992 Events Collage V1.png, From left, clockwise: 1992 Los Angeles riots, Riots break out across Los Angeles, California after the Police brutality, police beating of Rodney King; El Al Flight 1862 crashes into a residential apartment buildi ...
– Harry Bluestone, English violinist and composer (b. 1907)
* 1992 – Frederick William Franz, American religious leader (b. 1893)
*1993 – Don DeFore, American actor (b. 1913)
*1995 – Butterfly McQueen, American actress and dancer (b. 1911)
* 1995 – James Meade, English economist and academic, Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1907)
*
1996
File:1996 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: A Centennial Olympic Park bombing, bomb explodes at Centennial Olympic Park in Atlanta, set off by a radical Anti-abortion violence, anti-abortionist; The center fuel tank explodes on TWA Flight 8 ...
– Jack Hamm, American cartoonist and television host (b. 1916)
*
1997
File:1997 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The movie set of ''Titanic'', the highest-grossing movie in history at the time; ''Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone'', is published; Comet Hale-Bopp passes by Earth and becomes one of t ...
– Sebastian Arcos Bergnes, Cuban-American dentist and activist (b. 1931)
*2001 – Ovidiu Iacov, Romanian footballer (b. 1981)
* 2001 – Walter Newton Read, American lawyer and second chairman of the New Jersey Casino Control Commission (b. 1918)
*2002 – Desmond Hoyte, Guyanese lawyer, politician and President of Guyana (b. 1929)
* 2002 – Joe Strummer, English singer-songwriter (b. 1952)
*2004 – Doug Ault, American baseball player and manager (b. 1950)
*2006 – Elena Mukhina, Russian gymnast (b. 1960)
* 2006 – Galina Ustvolskaya, Russian composer (b. 1919)
*2007 – Charles Court, Australian politician, 21st Premier of Western Australia (b. 1911)
* 2007 – Adrian Cristobal, Filipino journalist and playwright (b. 1932)
*2009 – Luis Francisco Cuéllar, Colombian rancher and politician (b. 1940)
* 2009 – Albert Scanlon, English footballer (b. 1935)
*2010 – Fred Foy, American soldier and announcer (b. 1921)
*2012 – Chuck Cherundolo, American football player and coach (b. 1916)
* 2012 – Ryan Freel, American baseball player (b. 1976)
* 2012 – Cliff Osmond, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1937)
* 2012 – Lim Keng Yaik, Malaysian physician and politician (b. 1939)
*2013 – Diomedes Díaz, Colombian singer-songwriter (b. 1956)
* 2013 – Hans Hækkerup, Danish lawyer and politician (b. 1945)
* 2013 – Oscar Peer, Swiss author, playwright, and philologist (b. 1928)
*2014 – John Robert Beyster, American physicist and academic (b. 1924)
* 2014 – Christine Cavanaugh, American actress (b. 1963)
* 2014 – Joe Cocker, English singer-songwriter (b. 1944)
* 2014 – Bernard Stone, American lawyer and politician (b. 1927)
*2015 – Peter Lundblad, Swedish singer-songwriter (b. 1950)
* 2015 – Freda Meissner-Blau, Australian activist and politician (b. 1927)
*2016 – Chad Robinson, Australian rugby league player (b. 1980)
*2017 – Gonzalo Morales Sáurez, Costa Rican painter (b. 1945)
*2018 – Paddy Ashdown, British politician (b. 1941)
* 2018 – Simcha Rotem, last survivor of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (b. 1924)
* 2018 – Herman Sikumbang, Indonesian guitarist (b. 1982); casualty during 2018 Sunda Strait tsunami
*2019 – Ram Dass, American spiritual teacher and author (b. 1931)
Holidays and observances
*Dongzhi Festival
*Armed Forces Day (Vietnam)
*Christian Calendar of saints, feast day:
**Anastasia of Sirmium (Eastern Orthodox Church, Orthodox Church)
**Eimhin
**Ernan, Ernan, Son of Eogan
**Frances Xavier Cabrini#Veneration, Frances Xavier Cabrini (outside US)
**Saint Hunger, Hunger
**O Rex
**Henry Budd (Calendar of saints (Episcopal Church), Episcopal Church (USA))
**Lottie Moon (Episcopal Church (USA))
**December 22 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
*Mother's Day (Indonesia)
*National Mathematics Day (India)
*Teachers' Day (Cuba)
*Unity Day (Zimbabwe)
References
External links
BBC: On This Day*
Historical Events on December 22
{{months
Days of the year
December