The 2025 United Nations Climate Change Conference, or Conference of the Parties of the

UNFCCC The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is the UN process for negotiating an agreement to limit dangerous climate change. It is an international treaty among countries to combat "dangerous human interference with th ...

, more commonly known as COP30, is the upcoming 30th

United Nations Climate Change conference The United Nations Climate Change Conferences are yearly conferences held in the framework of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). They serve as the formal meeting of the UNFCCC parties – the conference of the par ...

, to be held in

Belém Belém (; Portuguese for Bethlehem; initially called Nossa Senhora de Belém do Grão-Pará, in English Our Lady of Bethlehem of Great Pará), often called Belém of Pará, is the capital and largest city of the state of Pará in the north of B ...

, Brazil, from 10 to 21 November 2025. The city's candidacy was announced by Brazilian president Lula da Silva during his visit to the COP 27, held in

Sharm El Sheikh Sharm El Sheikh (, , literally "bay of the Sheikh"), alternatively rendered Sharm el-Sheikh, Sharm el Sheikh, or Sharm El-Sheikh, is an Egyptian city on the southern tip of the Sinai Peninsula, in South Sinai Governorate, on the coastal strip alo ...

Egypt Egypt ( , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a country spanning the Northeast Africa, northeast corner of Africa and Western Asia, southwest corner of Asia via the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to northe ...

, and made official in January 2023. The

BBC The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster headquartered at Broadcasting House in London, England. Originally established in 1922 as the British Broadcasting Company, it evolved into its current sta ...

reported that the summit has been used as a justification to build a new highway cutting through the rain forest.Amazon forest felled to build road for climate summit
BBC, March 12, 2025 The COP30's organizers and the state of Pará have denied any direct links. Meanwhile the

United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...

under

president Trump Donald John Trump (born June 14, 1946) is an American politician, media personality, and businessman who is the 47th president of the United States. A member of the Republican Party, he served as the 45th president from 2017 to 2021. ...

have closed their office of climate diplomacy.

Pre-conference

A series of construction and revitalization works conducted by the local government took place aiming to improve the city's infrastructure with sustainable techniques. A new square was made surrounding one of the city's main avenues, as well as the sewage and the anti-flooding systems were stepped up. In January 2025, President Lula appointed Brazilian diplomat André Corrêa do Lago as the COP's president. The decision was praised by Brazilian climate activists given Lago's history of leading

climate justice Climate justice is a type of environmental justice that focuses on the unequal impacts of climate change on marginalized or otherwise vulnerable populations. Climate justice seeks to achieve an equitable distribution of both the burdens of clima ...

discussions, among other things. Lago is a veteran diplomat at

Itamaraty The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MRE; ; literally: ''Ministry of External Relations'') conducts Brazil's foreign relations with other countries. It is commonly referred to in Brazilian media and diplomatic jargon as Itamaraty, after the Itamarat ...

(Brazil's Foreign Ministry) and a longtime climate negotiator. Several attendees have publicly complained about extremely high accommodation pricing for COP30, with one listing on

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priced at US$9,320 per day, up from its normal $11 rate, and a one-person flat on Booking.com going for $15,266 per night. In response, the Brazilian government has said that it plans to make 26,000 additional lodging beds available, including spaces on cruise ships, in schools, in new hotels, and in military facilities. In March 2025, a BBC article reported that the new four-lane highway ('' Avenida Liberdade''), whose construction was approved in 2024 and is under way, is destined to ease the traffic in preparation for the COP30. The project has drawn criticism from nearby residents and conservationists for its destruction of Amazon rainforest, and its consequences on climate, biodiversity and local communities. The COP30's organizers have stated the BBC's headline is "misleading", as the project is neither under federal responsibility nor part of the official COP30 infrastructure projects. Following the publication of the BBC report, the state of Pará has denied any links, underlining that the project was planned since at least 2020 (before the nomination of the COP30 host in 2023) and that it had not received any federal funds. While the project has been discussed since 2012, some believe the COP provided the necessary justification to start the project. The state of Pará had previously cited the COP as one of the interests served by the project.

Conference agenda

NDCs

The updated

Nationally Determined Contributions The nationally determined contributions (NDCs) are commitments that countries make to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions as part of climate change mitigation. These commitments include the necessary policies and measures for achieving the glob ...

, as set out in the

Paris Agreement The Paris Agreement (also called the Paris Accords or Paris Climate Accords) is an international treaty on climate change that was signed in 2016. The treaty covers climate change mitigation, adaptation, and finance. The Paris Agreement was ...

, were to be published by every country by Feb 2025. As of April 2025, only 19 countries submitted theirs.

Baku to Belém Roadmap to 1.3T

Parties at COP29 in Baku agreed for "all actors to work together to enable the scaling up of financing to developing country Parties for climate action from all public and private sources to at least USD 1.3 trillion per year by 2035”, as the “Baku to Belém Roadmap to 1.3T”. Negotiations are expected on how international climate finance is to be scaled from the $300 billion agreed in Baku to the $1.3 trillion.

TFFF

Brazil Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population ...

, the COP30 presidency, intends to launch the Tropical Forest Forever Facility as a signature achievement in Belem. The $125 billion blended-finance investment fund aims to finalise investments from sovereign funders by COP30 to begin payouts to reward forest conservation in tropical countries in 2026. Further details are expected after the SB 62 conference in Bonn in June 2025.

References

Conferences in Brazil United Nations climate change conferences November 2025 2025 in Brazil {{United Nations climate change conferences