The

Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao ( tl, Rehiyong Awtonomo ng Muslim Mindanao; ar, الحكم الذاتي الاقليمي لمسلمي مندناو ''Al-ḥukm adh-dhātī al-'iqlīmī li-muslimī Mindanāu''; abbreviated as ARMM) was ...

(ARMM) was the only

autonomous region An autonomous administrative division (also referred to as an autonomous area, entity, unit, region, subdivision, or territory) is a subnational administrative division or internal territory of a sovereign state that has a degree of autonomy� ...

in the Philippines, until it was superseded by

Bangsamoro ar, منطقة بانجسامورو ذاتية الحكم فى مسلمى مينداناو , native_name = , settlement_type = Autonomous region , anthem = Bangsamoro Hymn , image_skyline ...

; as such it is the sole region with a regional government as prescribed by the

Constitution of the Philippines The Constitution of the Philippines (Filipino: ''Saligang Batas ng Pilipinas'' or ''Konstitusyon ng Pilipinas'', Spanish: ''Constitución de la República de Filipinas'') is the constitution or the supreme law of the Republic of the Philippines ...

. In 2001, Republic Act No. 9054 was passed for the expansion of the region by including the areas which initially rejected inclusion and the provinces which were carved from them. However, only the city of

Marawi Marawi, officially the Islamic City of Marawi (Maranao language, Maranao: ''Inged a Marawi''; fil, Islamikong Lungsod ng Marawi), is a 4th class Cities of the Philippines#Legal classification, component city and capital of the Provinces of th ...

and the province of

Basilan Basilan, officially the Province of Basilan ( cbk, Provincia de Basilan; yka, Wilayah Basilanin; tsg, Wilaya' sin Basilan; fil, Lalawigan ng Basilan), is an island province of the Philippines located primarily in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Reg ...

, with the exception of Isabela, opted to be integrated in the region. A special plebiscite was set on August 14, 2001.

Results

Rules

Each province, and their component cities, has their own separate plebiscite. In order for the plebiscite to be approved, a majority of the people who voted is needed, if it fails to surpass the majority of valid votes, the plebiscite is defeated in that province or city. *For provinces voted for expansion and amendments to the original organic act: **If a majority did not vote in favor, all amendments to the organic act, save for provinces and cities that voted for inclusion, are rejected. *For provinces and cities voting for inclusion: **If a majority in each city or province votes in favor, it becomes a part of the autonomous region; in case of component cities, they do not cease to be a part of their province but regional services will be under the ARMM. **If a majority in a municipality does not vote in favor of inclusion but the totals for the rest of the province are in favor it will be a part of the ARMM nevertheless. Provinces and cities that approved expansion (for already members) and inclusion (for non-members) are highlighted:

Summary

Support from within the ARMM was overwhelmingly in favor, with all four provinces having at least 70% of those who voted in favor of expanding the region. Those which were asked for inclusion, on the other hand, were overwhelmingly opposed, with most provinces and cities having more than 90% of those who voted opposing inclusion, with the exception of

(91%), which voted overwhelmingly for inclusion (its capital

Isabela City Isabela, officially the City of Isabela (Chavacano: ''Ciudad de Isabela''; Tausūg: ''Dāira sin Isabela''; Yakan: ''Suidad Isabelahin''; fil, Lungsod ng Isabela), is a 4th class component city and ''de facto'' capital of the province of Bas ...

voted not to be included) and

(which is part of Lanao del Sur which already within the ARMM).

Expansion

*Question: Do you vote in favor of the amendments to Republic Act No. 6734, the Organic Act for the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, as proposed under this Organic Act, which includes, among other things, the expansion of the area of the autonomous region? , - style="text-align:center;" ! width=160px , Province ! width=50px , Yes ! width=30px , % ! width=50px , No ! width=30px , % ! width=50px , Total , -style="background: #FFFFCC" , style="text-align:left;" ,

Lanao del Sur Lanao del Sur ( tl, Timog Lanao; Maranao and ilp, Pagabagatan Ranao), officially the Province of Lanao del Sur, is a province in the Philippines located in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM). The capital is the city of ...

, , 185,212 , , 91.3 , , 17,718 , , 8.7 , , 202,930 , -style="background: #FFFFCC" , style="text-align:left;" ,

Maguindanao Maguindanao (, Maguindanao language, Maguindanaon: ''Prubinsya nu Magindanaw''; Iranun language, Iranun'': Perobinsia a Magindanao''; tl, Lalawigan ng Maguindanao) was a Provinces of the Philippines, province of the Philippines located in the ...

, , 175,893 , , 72.0 , , 68,561 , , 28.0 , , 244,454 , -style="background: #FFFFCC" , style="text-align:left;" ,

Sulu Sulu (), officially the Province of Sulu (Tausug language, Tausūg: ''Wilāya sin Lupa' Sūg''; tl, Lalawigan ng Sulu), is a Provinces of the Philippines, province of the Philippines in the Sulu Archipelago and part of the Bangsamoro, Bangsamor ...

, , 75,320 , , 86.5 , , 11,711 , , 13.5 , , 87,031 , -style="background: #FFFFCC" , style="text-align:left;" ,

Tawi-Tawi Tawi-Tawi, officially the Province of Tawi-Tawi ( tl, Lalawigan ng Tawi-Tawi; Tausug: ''Wilaya' sin Tawi-Tawi''; Sinama: ''Jawi Jawi/Jauih Jauih''), is an island province in the Philippines located in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim M ...

, , 44,159 , , 76.8 , , 13,363 , , 23.2 , , 57,522 , - !colspan=5, Valid votes , , 591,937

Inclusion

*Question: Do you vote in favor of the inclusion of your province or city in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao?

Provinces

, - style="text-align:center;" ! width=160px , Province ! width=50px , Yes ! width=30px , % ! width=50px , No ! width=30px , % ! width=50px , Total , -style="background: #FFFFCC" , style="text-align:left;" ,

, , 185,212 , , 89.3 , , 22,121 , , 10.7 , , 207,333 , - , style="text-align:left;" ,

Davao del Sur Davao del Sur ( ceb, Habagatang Dabaw; ), officially the Province of Davao del Sur, is a province in the Philippines located in the Davao Region in Mindanao. Its capital is Digos City. Davao City is the largest city in terms of area and populat ...

, , 3,074 , , 2.3 , , 129,695 , , 97.7 , , 132,769 , - , style="text-align:left;" ,

Lanao del Norte Lanao del Norte ( Cebuano: ''Amihanang Lanao''; tl, Hilagang Lanao; Maranao: ''Pangotaraan Ranao''), officially the Province of Lanao del Norte, is a province in the Philippines located in the Northern Mindanao region. Its capital is Tubod. T ...

, , 27,235 , , 16.6 , , 136,600 , , 83.4 , , 163,835 , - , style="text-align:left;" ,

North Cotabato Cotabato or North Cotabato ( hil, Aminhan Cotabato; ceb, Amihanang Cotabato; Maguindanaon: ''Pangutaran Kutawatu'', Jawi: ڤڠوترن كوتاواتو; fil, Hilagang Cotabato), officially the Province of Cotabato, is a landlocked province in ...

, , 16,603 , , 9.0 , , 167,531 , , 91.0 , , 184,134 , - , style="text-align:left;" ,

Palawan Palawan (), officially the Province of Palawan ( cyo, Probinsya i'ang Palawan; tl, Lalawigan ng Palawan), is an archipelagic province of the Philippines that is located in the region of Mimaropa. It is the largest province in the country in ...

, , 1,717 , , 1.5 , , 113,839 , , 98.5 , , 115,556 , - , style="text-align:left;" ,

Sarangani Sarangani, officially the Province of Sarangani ( ceb, Lalawigan sa Sarangani; hil, Kapuoran sang Sarangani; Maguindanaon: ''Dairat nu Sarangani'', Jawi: دايرت نو سارڠني; fil, Lalawigan ng Sarangani), is a province in the Philipp ...

, , 2,359 , , 3.2 , , 70,727 , , 96.8 , , 73,086 , - , style="text-align:left;" ,

South Cotabato South Cotabato ( hil, Bagatnan Cotabato; ceb, Habagatang Cotabato; Maguindanaon: ''Pagabagatan Kutawatu'', Jawi: ڤاڬابڬتن كوتاواتو; tl, Timog Cotabato), officially the Province of South Cotabato, is a province in the Philippine ...

, , 2,497 , , 1.9 , , 129,483 , , 98.1 , , 131,980 , - , style="text-align:left;" ,

Sultan Kudarat Sultan Kudarat, officially the Province of Sultan Kudarat ( hil, Kapuoran sang Sultan Kudarat; Maguindanaon: ''Dairat nu Sultan Kudarat'', Jawi: دايرت نو سلطان كودرت; ceb, Lalawigan sa Sultan Kudarat; tl, Lalawigan ng Sul ...

, , 4,782 , , 4.0 , , 115,571 , , 96.0 , , 120,353 , - , style="text-align:left;" ,

Zamboanga del Norte Zamboanga del Norte ( Cebuano: ''Amihanang Zamboanga''; Subanon: ''Utara Sembwangan''; tl, Hilagang Zamboanga), officially the Province of Zamboanga del Norte, is a province in the Philippines situated within the Zamboanga Peninsula region in M ...

, , 6,540 , , 4.0 , , 158,125 , , 96.0 , , 164,665 , - , style="text-align:left;" ,

Zamboanga del Sur Zamboanga del Sur ( Cebuano: ''Habagatang Zamboanga;'' Subanen: ''S'helatan Sembwangan/Sembwangan dapit Shelatan''; Chavacano: ''Zamboanga del Sur''; tl, Timog Zamboanga; mdh, Pagabatan Sambuanga), officially the Province of Zamboanga del Sur, ...

, , 4,759 , , 2.8 , , 163,628 , , 97.2 , , 168,387 , - , style="text-align:left;" ,

Zamboanga Sibugay Zamboanga Sibugay, officially the Province of Zamboanga Sibugay ( ceb, Lalawigan sa Zamboanga Sibugay; tl, Lalawigan ng Zamboanga Sibugay; Chavacano: ''Provincia de Zamboanga Sibugay''), is a province in the Philippines located in the Zamboanga ...

, , 6,843 , , 6.6 , , 96,830 , , 93.4 , , 103,673 , - !colspan=5, Valid votes !! 1,565,771

Cities

*Question: Do you vote in favor of the inclusion of your province or city in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao? , - style="text-align:center;" ! width=160px , Province ! width=50px , Yes ! width=30px , % ! width=50px , No ! width=30px , % ! width=50px , Total , - , style="text-align:left;" ,

Cotabato City Cotabato City, officially the City of Cotabato ( Maguindanaon: ''Kuta nu Kutawatu'', Jawi: كوتا نو كوتاواتو; Iranun: ''Bandar a Kotawato'', بندر ا كوتاواتو; fil, Lungsod ng Cotabato), is a third class independent co ...

, , 9,361 , , 36.8 , , 16,075 , , 63.2 , , 25,436 , - , style="text-align:left;" ,

Dapitan Dapitan, officially the City of Dapitan ( ceb, Dakbayan sa Dapitan; Subanon: ''Gembagel G'benwa Dapitan/Bagbenwa Dapitan cbk, Ciudad de Dapitan''), is a 3rd class component city in the province of Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines. According to ...

, , 413 , , 1.8 , , 22,073 , , 98.2 , , 22,486 , - , style="text-align:left;" ,

Digos Digos, officially the City of Digos ( ceb, Dakbayan sa Digos; fil, Lungsod ng Digos), is a 2nd class component city and capital of the province of Davao del Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 188,376 people. ...

, , 523 , , 1.7 , , 30,176 , , 98.3 , , 30,699 , - , style="text-align:left;" ,

Dipolog Dipolog, officially the City of Dipolog ( ceb, Dakbayan sa Dipolog; Subanen: ''Gembagel G'benwa Dipuleg/Bagbenwa Dipuleg''; Chavacano: ''Ciudad de Dipolog''; fil, Lungsod ng Dipolog), is a 3rd class component city and capital of the province ...

, , 777 , , 2.7 , , 28,171 , , 97.3 , , 28,948 , - , style="text-align:left;" ,

General Santos General Santos, officially the City of General Santos,; hil, Dakbanwa sang Heneral Santos; Maguindanao language, Maguindanao: ''Ingud nu Heneral Santos''; Blaan language, Blaan: ''Banwe Dadiangas''; Tboli language, Tboli: ''Benwu Dadiangas'' ...

, , 1,277 , , 1.5 , , 82,251 , , 98.5 , , 83,528 , - , style="text-align:left;" ,

Iligan Iligan, officially the City of Iligan ( ceb, Dakbayan sa Iligan; fil, Lungsod ng Iligan; Maranao: ''Inged a Iligan''), is a 1st class highly urbanized city in the region of Northern Mindanao, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has ...

, , 1,604 , , 2.5 , , 61,472 , , 97.5 , , 63,076 , - , style="text-align:left;" ,

, , 3,656 , , 20.0 , , 14,588 , , 80.0 , , 18,244 , - , style="text-align:left;" ,

Kidapawan Kidapawan, officially the City of Kidapawan ( ceb, Dakbayan sa Kidapawan; hil, Dakbanwa sang Kidapawan; Maguindanaon: ''Kuta nu Kidapawan'', Jawi: كوتا نو كيدڤاوان; Obo Monuvu: ''Ingod to Kidapawan''), is a 3rd class component c ...

, , 468 , , 2.1 , , 21,887 , , 97.9 , , 22,355 , - , style="text-align:left;" ,

Koronadal Koronadal, officially the City of Koronadal ( hil, Dakbanwa sang Koronadal; ceb, Dakbayan sa Koronadal; Maguindanaon: ''Kuta nu Koronadal'', Jawi: كوتا نو كورونادال; fil, Lungsod ng Koronadal), also known as Marbel, is a 3rd cl ...

, , 170 , , 0.5 , , 33,288 , , 99.5 , , 33,458 , -style="background: #FFFFCC" , style="text-align:left;" ,

, , 26,362 , , 91.6 , , 2,429 , , 8.4 , , 28,791 , - , style="text-align:left;" ,

Pagadian Pagadian, officially the City of Pagadian ( ceb, Dakbayan sa Pagadian; fil, Lungsod ng Pagadian; Maguindanaon: ''Kuta nu Pagadian'', Jawi: كوتا نو ڤاڬاديان; Iranun: ''Bandar a Pagadian'', بندر ا ڤاڬاديان; Chavacano: ...

, , 636 , , 2.0 , , 31,846 , , 98.0 , , 32,482 , - , style="text-align:left;" ,

Puerto Princesa Puerto Princesa, officially the City of Puerto Princesa (Cuyonon: ''Siyudad i'ang Puerto Princesa''; fil, Lungsod ng Puerto Princesa), is a 1st class highly urbanized city in the Mimaropa region of the Philippines. According to the 2020 census, ...

, , 402 , , 1.1 , , 35,763 , , 98.9 , , 36,165 , - , style="text-align:left;" ,

Tacurong Tacurong, officially the City of Tacurong ( hil, Dakbanwa sang Tacurong; fil, Lungsod ng Tacurong; Maguindanaon: ''Kuta nu Takurung'', Jawi: كوتا نو تاكوروڠ), is a 4th class component city in the province of Sultan Kudarat, Phi ...

, , 187 , , 1.0 , , 19,076 , , 99.0 , , 19,263 , - , style="text-align:left;" ,

Zamboanga City Zamboanga City, officially the City of Zamboanga (Chavacano and es, Ciudad de Zamboanga, Tausug language, Tausūg: ''Dāira sin Sambuangan'', fil, Lungsod ng Zamboanga, ceb, Dakbayan sa Zamboanga), is a city in the Zamboanga Peninsula region ...

, , 5,849 , , 4.9 , , 112,735 , , 95.1 , , 118.564 , - !colspan=5, Valid votes !! 563,515

References

Full text of Republic Act 9054
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