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The 2000–2006 Shebaa Farms conflict was a low-level border conflict between
Israel
Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
and
Hezbollah
Hezbollah (; ar, حزب الله ', , also transliterated Hizbullah or Hizballah, among others) is a Lebanese Shia Islamist political party and militant group, led by its Secretary-General Hassan Nasrallah since 1992. Hezbollah's parami ...
for control of
Shebaa Farms, a disputed territory located on the
Golan Heights–Lebanon border. Fighting between the two sides primarily consisted of Hezbollah rocket and mortar attacks on Israel and Israeli artillery barrages and airstrikes on Hezbollah in
southern Lebanon. Clashes began a few months after the
2000 Israeli withdrawal from
Lebanon
Lebanon ( , ar, لُبْنَان, translit=lubnān, ), officially the Republic of Lebanon () or the Lebanese Republic, is a country in Western Asia. It is located between Syria to the north and east and Israel to the south, while Cyprus li ...
, which Hezbollah viewed as incomplete due to the presence of the
Israel Defense Forces
The Israel Defense Forces (IDF; he, צְבָא הַהֲגָנָה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל , ), alternatively referred to by the Hebrew-language acronym (), is the national military of the Israel, State of Israel. It consists of three servic ...
in Shebaa Farms. The conflict culminated in the
2006 Lebanon War
The 2006 Lebanon War, also called the 2006 Israel–Hezbollah War and known in Lebanon as the July War ( ar, حرب تموز, ''Ḥarb Tammūz'') and in Israel as the Second Lebanon War ( he, מלחמת לבנון השנייה, ''Milhemet Leva ...
; Israel retains control over the territory.
Timeline of attacks
2000
*7 October – Hezbollah launched a
cross-border raid. Three IDF soldiers were killed and their bodies were captured. Five people were subsequently injured by Israeli artillery fire.
* 26 November – An
explosive charge was detonated while an IDF force was on a road opening mission. One soldier was killed and two wounded.
2001
* 31 January – Six
mortar bombs were fired at an Israeli outpost near the Lebanese border, causing no casualties.
* 16 February –
Antitank
Anti-tank warfare originated from the need to develop technology and tactics to destroy tanks during World War I. Since the Triple Entente deployed the first tanks in 1916, the German Empire developed the first anti-tank weapons. The first deve ...
fire hit an IDF convoy. One soldier was killed and three wounded. Israel responded with airstrikes on targets in South Lebanon.
* 14 April – An antitank missile was fired at an IDF tank, killing a soldier. In response, Israeli aircraft bombed a Syrian radar station in Lebanon, killing a Syrian soldier and injuring four others.
* 29 June – Hezbollah fighters fired antitank missiles and mortar shells at IDF positions, injuring two soldiers.
* 1 July –
IAF warplanes bombed a Syrian radar station in Lebanon, wounding three Syrian soldiers and a Lebanese soldier. Hezbollah responded by shelling positions in northern Israel. IAF helicopter gunships then attacked Hezbollah positions.
2002
* 12 March – Hezbollah
fire
Fire is the rapid oxidation of a material (the fuel) in the exothermic chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction Product (chemistry), products.
At a certain point in the combustion reaction, called the ignition ...
killed six Israeli civilians, including an off-duty IDF officer.
* 29 August – One IDF soldier was killed and two soldiers were injured in rocket fire.
* December – Israeli aircraft carried out numerous airstrikes throughout Lebanon. As well as targeting roads, bridges, and ammunition depots, they also bombed several power and electrical transformer stations throughout Lebanon, leaving large parts of
Beirut
Beirut, french: Beyrouth is the capital and largest city of Lebanon. , Greater Beirut has a population of 2.5 million, which makes it the third-largest city in the Levant region. The city is situated on a peninsula at the midpoint o ...
and its suburbs, communities in the
Chouf District
Chouf (also spelled Shouf, Shuf or Chuf, in ''Jabal ash-Shouf''; french: La Montagne du Chouf) is a historic region of Lebanon, as well as an administrative district in the governorate (muhafazat) of Mount Lebanon.
Geography
Located south-east o ...
,
Baalbek
Baalbek (; ar, بَعْلَبَكّ, Baʿlabakk, Syriac-Aramaic: ܒܥܠܒܟ) is a city located east of the Litani River in Lebanon's Beqaa Valley, about northeast of Beirut. It is the capital of Baalbek-Hermel Governorate. In Greek and Roman ...
, and
Bint Jbeil without electricity. Meanwhile, Hezbollah rocket fire hit
Kiryat Shmona, killing two Israeli civilians.
2003
* 7 May – Hezbollah attacked IDF positions in Shebaa farms with rockets, mortars, and small arms, killing a soldier and wounding five.
* 20 July – Hezbollah snipers killed two IDF soldiers at a border post. The IDF retaliated with tank fire at a Hezbollah position, killing a Hezbollah fighter. The IAF launched multiple flights over Lebanon, two of which generated powerful sonic booms over Beirut.
* 22 July – Two Israeli civilians in
Shlomi were wounded by Hezbollah
anti-aircraft shells
Anti-aircraft warfare, counter-air or air defence forces is the battlespace response to aerial warfare, defined by NATO as "all measures designed to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air action".AAP-6 It includes Surface-to-air m ...
fired at IAF warplanes over South Lebanon.
* 2 August – Hezbollah member
Ali Hussein Saleh
ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib ( ar, عَلِيّ بْن أَبِي طَالِب; 600 – 661 common era, CE) was the last of four Rashidun, Rightly Guided Caliphs to rule Islam (r. 656 – 661) immediately after the death of Muhammad, and he was ...
was assassinated by a car bomb in Beirut, allegedly by Israeli intelligence.
* 3 August – Hezbollah militants fired rockets and mortars at three Israeli military positions in Shebaa farms. Israel retaliated with airstrikes.
* 10 August – An Israeli teenager was killed and four civilians wounded by shrapnel from a Hezbollah anti-aircraft shell fired into northern Israel.
* 6 October – One IDF soldier was killed by Hezbollah gunfire. Hezbollah anti-tank missiles and rockets were also fired at an IDF post in the
Reaches Ramim area.
2004
* 19 January – An Israeli soldier was killed and another severely wounded after a Hezbollah anti-tank missile struck an IDF
armored bulldozer
The armored bulldozer is a basic tool of combat engineering. These combat engineering vehicles combine the earth moving capabilities of the bulldozer with armor which protects the vehicle and its operator in or near combat. Most are civilian bu ...
that crossed into Lebanon to clear explosives.
* 20 January – Israel bombed two Hezbollah bases in the
Bekaa Valley, causing an unknown number of casualties.
* 7 May – Hezbollah fire killed one Israeli soldier and severely wounded two others. Afterward, both Israel and Hezbollah shelled each other across the border.
* 19 July – Hezbollah official
Ghaleb Awwali was assassinated by a
car bomb
A car bomb, bus bomb, lorry bomb, or truck bomb, also known as a vehicle-borne improvised explosive device (VBIED), is an improvised explosive device designed to be detonated in an automobile or other vehicles.
Car bombs can be roughly divided ...
, allegedly by Israeli agents.
* 20 July – Hezbollah sniper fire killed two IDF soldiers at a border post. In retaliation, Israeli
helicopter gunships
An attack helicopter is an armed helicopter with the primary role of an attack aircraft, with the offensive capability of engaging ground targets such as enemy infantry, military vehicles and fortifications. Due to their heavy armament they ...
fired missiles at Hezbollah positions, and an Israeli tank fired at a Hezbollah post near
Ayta ash Shab
Ayta ash Shab ( ar, عيتا الشعب; also Arabic transliteration, transliterated ''Ayta al-Sha'b'', ''Ayta a-Shaab'', ''Ayta ash-Shab'' or ''Ayta ash Sha'b) is a village located in southern Lebanon, about 1 km northeast of the Israeli bor ...
, killing a Hezbollah fighter. Hezbollah fighters on the border returned fire, and subsequently came under attack from Israeli helicopters.
2005
* 9 January – A roadside bomb attack in northern Israel killed one soldier. Israel responded with shelling, during which a French officer serving with
UNIFIL
The United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon ( ar, قوة الأمم المتحدة المؤقتة في لبنان, he, כוח האו"ם הזמני בלבנון), or UNIFIL ( ar, يونيفيل, he, יוניפי״ל), is a UN peacekeeping m ...
was killed and a Swedish officer and Lebanese civilian were wounded.
* 7 April – Two
Israeli Arabs from
Ghajar were kidnapped by Hezbollah and held for four days, interrogated, and released.
* June – An Israeli Paratrooper unit discovered three Hezbollah fighters attempting to infiltrate and opened fire, killing one.
* 29 June – After an Israeli soldier was killed and four wounded by Hezbollah mortar fire, Israeli warplanes and artillery launched attacks against Hezbollah in southern Lebanon.
* 30 June – Hezbollah guerrillas launched an attack on Israeli forces in Shebaa farms, wounding six soldiers. Israel responded with an airstrike that killed a Hezbollah fighter.
* 21 November – Five Hezbollah guerrillas
crossed into the Israel-occupied Golan Heights using motorcycles and
ATVs
ATV may refer to:
Broadcasting
* Amateur television
*Analog television
Television stations and companies
* Ràdio i Televisió d'Andorra
* ATV (Armenia)
* ATV (Aruba), NBC affiliate
* ATV (Australian TV station), Melbourne
* ATV (Austria)
* ATV ...
, and attacked an outpost in
Ghajar manned by an IDF paratrooper unit. All five attackers were killed by a sniper from the paratrooper unit. In response, Israeli warplanes struck Hezbollah targets in southern Lebanon; Hezbollah responded by firing mortars and rockets at Israeli outposts and villages, wounding nine soldiers and two civilians.
* 28 December – After rocket fire from Lebanon hits Northern Israel, Israeli warplanes bombed a guerrilla base south of
Beirut
Beirut, french: Beyrouth is the capital and largest city of Lebanon. , Greater Beirut has a population of 2.5 million, which makes it the third-largest city in the Levant region. The city is situated on a peninsula at the midpoint o ...
.
2006
* 27 May – In what was described as the most intense clash since the withdraw of Israeli troops in 2000, Hezbollah fired rockets into Northern Israel, wounding a soldier. Israel responded with airstrikes, killing two Hezbollah fighters. The Hezbollah attack may have been retaliation for the killing of
Mahmoud al-Majzoub
Mahmoud al-Majzoub also known as ''Abu Hamza'' (c. 1965 – May 26, 2006) was a top Palestinian Islamic Jihad official and a senior leader of the group. He was also a liaison officer who had strong ties to Iran's IRGC and Hezbollah. He was killed i ...
.
Aftermath
Walid Jumblatt
Walid Kamal Jumblatt ( ar, وليد جنبلاط; born 7 August 1949) is a Lebanese Druze politician and former militia commander who has been leading the Progressive Socialist Party since 1977. While leading the Lebanese National Resistance Fr ...
, a Lebanese
Druze
The Druze (; ar, دَرْزِيٌّ, ' or ', , ') are an Arabic-speaking esoteric ethnoreligious group from Western Asia who adhere to the Druze faith, an Abrahamic, monotheistic, syncretic, and ethnic religion based on the teachings of ...
politician and leader of the
Progressive Socialist Party, stated that Lebanon has no claims to the Shebaa Farms. The prime minister and president stated that Lebanon has a claim to the area.
Following the
Israeli war against Hezbollah in 2006, U.N. Security Council Resolution 1701 called for the "Delineation of the international borders of Lebanon, especially in those areas where the border is disputed or uncertain, including in the Shebaa farms area."
On 28 August 2006, Hezbollah fighters withdrew from positions near the Shebaa Farms area.
See also
*
Israeli-Lebanese conflict
*
Iran–Israel proxy conflict
The Iran–Israel proxy conflict, also known as the Iran–Israel proxy war or Iran–Israel Cold War, is an ongoing proxy war between Iran and Israel. The conflict involves threats and hostility by Iran's leaders against Israel, and their decla ...
*
2000 Hezbollah cross-border raid
The 2000 Hezbollah cross-border raid occurred at the boundary between Lebanon and the Golan Heights (see Blue Line) on October 7. Hezbollah militants captured three Israeli soldiers while they were patrolling the security fence, and subsequ ...
*
2005 Hezbollah cross-border raid
The 2005 Hezbollah cross-border raid was a failed attempt by Hezbollah to abduct Israel Defense Forces (IDF) soldiers. It was the largest operation of this type mounted prior to the 2006 Lebanon War.
Background
In 2000, Hezbollah mounted a ...
*
2006 Hezbollah cross-border raid
The 2006 Hezbollah cross-border raid was a cross-border attack carried out by Lebanon-based Hezbollah militants on an Israeli military patrol on 12 July 2006 on Israeli territory.
Using rockets fired on several Israeli towns as a diversion, H ...
*
2006 Lebanon War
The 2006 Lebanon War, also called the 2006 Israel–Hezbollah War and known in Lebanon as the July War ( ar, حرب تموز, ''Ḥarb Tammūz'') and in Israel as the Second Lebanon War ( he, מלחמת לבנון השנייה, ''Milhemet Leva ...
*
United Nations Security Council Resolution 425
United Nations Security Council Resolution 425, adopted on 19 March 1978, five days after the Israeli invasion of Lebanon in the context of Palestinian insurgency in South Lebanon and the Lebanese Civil War, called on Israel to withdraw immedi ...
*
United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon
The United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon ( ar, قوة الأمم المتحدة المؤقتة في لبنان, he, כוח האו"ם הזמני בלבנון), or UNIFIL ( ar, يونيفيل, he, יוניפי״ל), is a UN peacekeeping m ...
*
Israeli prisoner exchanges
Israeli may refer to:
* Something of, from, or related to the State of Israel
* Israelis, citizens or permanent residents of the State of Israel
* Modern Hebrew, a language
* ''Israeli'' (newspaper), published from 2006 to 2008
* Guni Israeli (b ...
*
Israeli MIAs
References
External links
Hizbullah attacks along Israel's northern border May 2000 - June 2006
{{DEFAULTSORT:2000-2006 Shebaa Farms Conflict
2000–2006 Shebaa Farms conflict
Hezbollah–Israel conflict
Israeli–Lebanese conflict
Iran–Israel proxy conflict
2000s conflicts
Conflicts in 2000
Conflicts in 2001
Conflicts in 2002
Conflicts in 2003
Conflicts in 2004
Conflicts in 2005
Conflicts in 2006
2000s in Israel
2000s in Lebanon
Golan Heights