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The 1st Parachute Hussar Regiment (french: 1er Régiment de Hussards Parachutistes, 1er RHP) is an airborne cavalry unit in the
French Army The French Army, officially known as the Land Army (french: Armée de Terre, ), is the land-based and largest component of the French Armed Forces. It is responsible to the Government of France, along with the other components of the Armed Force ...
, founded in 1720 by Hungarian
noble A noble is a member of the nobility. Noble may also refer to: Places Antarctica * Noble Glacier, King George Island * Noble Nunatak, Marie Byrd Land * Noble Peak, Wiencke Island * Noble Rocks, Graham Land Australia * Noble Island, Gr ...
Ladislas Ignace de Bercheny Ladislas Ignace de Bercheny ( hu, Bercsényi László) (August 3, 1689 in Eperjes, Sáros County, Kingdom of Hungary (today Prešov, Slovakia) – January 9, 1778 in Luzancy, Kingdom of France (today France) was a Hungarian-born soldier who bec ...
. It is stationed in Tarbes and is a part of the
11th Parachute Brigade The 11th Parachute Brigade (french: 11e Brigade Parachutiste, 11e BP) is a unit of the French Army, predominantly infantry, part of the French Airborne Units and specialized in air combat and air assault. The brigade's primary vocation is to pr ...
.


Creation and different nominations

* 1719 - 1720 : The Hussars of Bercheny are raised at
Constantinople la, Constantinopolis ota, قسطنطينيه , alternate_name = Byzantion (earlier Greek name), Nova Roma ("New Rome"), Miklagard/Miklagarth (Old Norse), Tsargrad ( Slavic), Qustantiniya ( Arabic), Basileuousa ("Queen of Cities"), Megalopolis ( ...
, following the demand of the
Regent A regent (from Latin : ruling, governing) is a person appointed to govern a state '' pro tempore'' (Latin: 'for the time being') because the monarch is a minor, absent, incapacitated or unable to discharge the powers and duties of the monarchy ...
Philippe I, Duke of Orléans ''Monsieur'' Philippe I, Duke of Orléans (21 September 1640 – 9 June 1701), was the younger son of King Louis XIII of France and his wife, Anne of Austria. His elder brother was the "Sun King", Louis XIV. Styled Duke of Anjou from bir ...
by Count of Bercheny. * 1791 : Units of the
French Army The French Army, officially known as the Land Army (french: Armée de Terre, ), is the land-based and largest component of the French Armed Forces. It is responsible to the Government of France, along with the other components of the Armed Force ...
are named after their function of arms and numbered in terms of their seniority. The Regiment of Bercheny becomes accordingly the 1st Hussar Regiment. * 29 floréal an IV ( 29 - ''floréal'': meaning the second month of spring - '' an IV'' or ''year IV'' : end of 1795 and debut of 1796 in the
Gregorian calendar The Gregorian calendar is the calendar used in most parts of the world. It was introduced in October 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII as a modification of, and replacement for, the Julian calendar. The principal change was to space leap years dif ...
) : The regiment received half of the cavalry of the 13th Hussar Regiment (french: 13e régiment de hussards). * 1815 : The regiment is dissolved. * 1816 : Creation of the 1st Hussar Regiment of Jura. * 1824 : Redesignated as 1st Hussar Regiment of Chartres. * 1940 : dissolved following the
Armistice An armistice is a formal agreement of warring parties to stop fighting. It is not necessarily the end of a war, as it may constitute only a cessation of hostilities while an attempt is made to negotiate a lasting peace. It is derived from the ...
with
Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
. * 1945 : recreated by the political resistance during
World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...
and designated Reconnaissance Regiment of the 25th Division. * 1946 : designated as 1st Parachute Hussar Regiment at the corps of the 25th Airborne Division 25e D.A.P on the occasion of the regiment's voyage to
Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , relig ...
.


History since 1946


Campaigns


Composition

The 1er RHP consists of: * Command and Logistics Squadron (ECL) * 1st Squadron, Air-transportable armored (1er Escadron) ** 6 VBL ** 3
AMX 10 RC The AMX-10 RC is a French armoured fighting vehicle manufactured by GIAT for armoured reconnaissance purposes. Equipping French cavalry units since 1981, over 240 are still in service with the French Army as of 2021. In addition, 108 units were ...
** 6 VAB C20 * 2nd Squadron, Air-transportable armored (2e Escadron) ** 13 VBL ** 12
ERC 90 Sagaie The Panhard ERC (''Engin à Roues, Canon''; "Engine with wheels, cannon") is a French six-wheeled armoured car which is highly mobile and amphibious with an option of being NBC-proof. While various models were tested, only two versions of the E ...
* 3rd Squadron, Reconnaissance and Anti-Tank (ERIAC) (''only unit fully parachutable, both men and equipment'') (3e Escadron) ** VBL *** VBL reconnaissance, 7.62 mm
AA-52 machine gun The ''AA-52'' (full designation in French: ''Arme Automatique Transformable Modèle 1952'', "Transformable automatic weapon model 1952") is one of the first French-produced guns of the post–World War II era. It was manufactured by the French g ...
*** VBL anti-tank,
MILAN Milan ( , , Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4 million, while its metropolitan city h ...
anti-tank missile *** VBL support, 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine gun *** VBL command * 4th Squadron, Air-transportable armored (4e Escadron) ** 13 VBL ** 12 ERC 90 Sagaie * 5th Squadron, operational reserve (5e Escadron) * 11th Squadron, training and education (disbanded on 14 January 2011) * 2 GCP Teams


Equipment


Vehicles

*
AMX 10 RC The AMX-10 RC is a French armoured fighting vehicle manufactured by GIAT for armoured reconnaissance purposes. Equipping French cavalry units since 1981, over 240 are still in service with the French Army as of 2021. In addition, 108 units were ...
(3) *
ERC 90 Sagaie The Panhard ERC (''Engin à Roues, Canon''; "Engine with wheels, cannon") is a French six-wheeled armoured car which is highly mobile and amphibious with an option of being NBC-proof. While various models were tested, only two versions of the E ...
(36) *
Véhicule Blindé Léger The Panhard Véhicule Blindé Léger ("Light armoured vehicle"), also known by its acronym Panhard VBL or simply VBL, is a French wheeled 4x4 all-terrain vehicle built by Panhard. The vehicle is offered in various configurations, and was design ...
(68) *
Peugeot P4 The P4 is an unarmoured off-road vehicle used by the military of France. It was manufactured by Peugeot but is now manufactured by Panhard. It is to be replaced with the PVP by Panhard. The P4 is a derivative of the Mercedes Geländewagen milit ...
(84) * Cagiva motorcycles *
Véhicule de l'Avant Blindé The Véhicule de l'Avant Blindé or VAB (literally meaning "Armoured Forward Vehicle"; but more appropriately translated: "Armoured Vanguard Vehicle") is a French armoured personnel carrier and support vehicle designed and manufactured by Renault ...


Weapons

*
MILAN Milan ( , , Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4 million, while its metropolitan city h ...
anti-tank guided missile (24)


Traditions

Except for the Legionnaires of the 1er REG, 2ème REG, 2ème REP that conserve the
Green Beret The green beret was the official headdress of the British Commandos of the Second World War. It is still worn by members of the Royal Marines after passing the Commando Course, and personnel from other units of the Royal Navy, Army and RAF wh ...
; the remainder of the French army metropolitan and marine paratroopers forming the 11th Parachute Brigade wear the Red Beret. File:Chuteur Opérationnel.jpg, French
Commando Parachute Group The Commando Parachute Group (french: Groupement des Commandos Parachutistes, GCP) is a unit of elite pathfinders within the French Army's 11th Parachute Brigade (11e BP). These pathfinders are paratroopers drawn from the various regiments of t ...
Brevet of Chuteur Opérationnel File:Béret rouge du 1er régiment de hussards parachutistes.jpg, 1er Circled Winged Armed Dextrochere of French Army Metropolitan Paratroopers File:Brevet Parachutiste.jpg, French Parachute Brevet. The Archangel Saint Michael, patron of the French paratroopers is celebrated on September 29. The ''prière du Para'' (Prayer of the Paratrooper) was written by André Zirnheld in 1938.


Insignias

Just like the paratrooper Brevet of the French Army; the Insignia of French Paratroopers was created in 1946. The French Army Insignia of metropolitan Paratroopers represents a closed "winged armed dextrochere", meaning a "right winged arm" armed with a sword pointing upwards. The Insignia makes reference to the Patron of Paratroopers. In fact, the Insignia represents "the right Arm of Saint Michael", the
Archangel Archangels () are the second lowest rank of angel in the hierarchy of angels. The word ''archangel'' itself is usually associated with the Abrahamic religions, but beings that are very similar to archangels are found in a number of other relig ...
which according to Liturgy is the "Armed Arm of God". This Insignia is the symbol of righteous combat and fidelity to superior missions. File:InsECL.jpg, Escadron de commandement et de logistique (ECL). File:Ins1esc.JPG, 1er Escadron. File:Ins2esc.jpg, 2e Escadron. File:Ins3esc.jpg, 3e Escadron (ERIAC). File:Ins4esc.jpg, 4e Escadron. File:Ins5esc.jpg, 5e Escadron (reserve). File:Ins11esc.jpg, 11e Escadron (disbanded on 14 January 2011).


Regimental Colors

File:1er régiment de hussards parachutistes - drapeau.svg, Regimental Colors of the 1st Parachute Hussars Regiment with battle respective honours


Regimental Song

''Based on the melody of the revolutionary Polish song
Whirlwinds of Danger Whirlwinds of Danger (original Polish title: Warszawianka) is a Polish socialist revolutionary song written some time between 1879 and 1883. The Polish title, a deliberate reference to the earlier song by the same title, could be translated a ...
:'' ;Original version


Decorations

Photo Croix de guerre recto.jpg,
Croix de guerre 1914-1918 Croix (French for "cross") may refer to: Belgium * Croix-lez-Rouveroy, a village in municipality of Estinnes in the province of Hainaut France * Croix, Nord, in the Nord department * Croix, Territoire de Belfort, in the Territoire de Belfort d ...
with one vermeil star (Citation at the orders of the armed forces). Croix de guerre 1939-1945 Française.jpg, Croix de guerre 1939-1945 with one palm (citation at the orders of the armed forces). Croix valeur militaire française.jpg,
Croix de la Valeur militaire The Cross for Military Valour (french: Croix de la Valeur Militaire) is a military decoration of France. It recognises an individual bestowed a Mention in Dispatches earned for showing valour in presence of an enemy, in theatres of operations wh ...
with one palm in 2012 following engagement of the regiment in Afghanistan (Operation Pamir).Site de la 11ème BP
/ref>


Honours


Battle honours

* Valmy 1792 * Jemmapes 1792 * Castiglione 1796 * Eylau 1807 * Sebastopol 1855 * La Mortagne 1914 * La Serre 1918 * AFN 1952-1962


Regimental Commanders of the 1st Hussars Regiment


Ancien Régime ''Ancien'' may refer to * the French word for "ancient, old" ** Société des anciens textes français * the French for "former, senior" ** Virelai ancien ** Ancien Régime ** Ancien Régime in France ''Ancien'' may refer to * the French word for ...

* 1720 : de Bercheny * 1722 : de Bonnaire * 1744 : de Nordmann * 1749 : de Totte * 1751 : de Bercheny (2), fils du précédent. * 1762 : de Polleretsky * 1762 : de Bercheny François Antoine Ladislas (1744-1811), son of the former. * 1762 : de Sombreuil * 1771 : de Humbert * 1776 : de Thumery * 1785 : de Pange * 1789 : Henri Roland Lancelot Turpin de Crissé


French Revolution The French Revolution ( ) was a period of radical political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789 and ended with the formation of the French Consulate in coup of 18 Brumaire, November 1799. Many of its ...
and
First French Empire The First French Empire, officially the French Republic, then the French Empire (; Latin: ) after 1809, also known as Napoleonic France, was the empire ruled by Napoleon Bonaparte, who established French hegemony over much of continental E ...

* 1792 : Henri Christian Michel Stengel-Colonel (**) * 1792 : Joseph Armand Nordman-Colonel * 1793 : Philippe Glad-Chef de brigade * 1795 : Louis Jean Charles Bougon-Duclos-Chef de brigade * 1796 : Antoine Henri de Carowe-Chef de brigade * 1797 : Joseph-Denis Picard-Chef de brigade (*) * 1803 : Philippe Augustin Rouvillois-Colonel * 1807 : Jacques Begougne de Juniac-Colonel * 1810 : Eugène Antoine François Merlin-Colonel (*) * 1813 : François Joseph Marie Clary-Colonel * 1814 : Nicolas Oudinot-Colonel * 1815 : François Joseph Marie Clary-Colonel ; Colonels wounded and killed while commanding the 1st Hussars during that period: * colonel Stengel, wounded April 21, 1796 during the battle of Mondovi, died from his wounds on April 28. * chef de brigade Bouglon-Duclos, died of fever. * chef de brigade Carrowe killed during the battle of Rovero on September 6, 1796. * colonel Rouvillois, wounded on December 19, 1806. * colonel Juniac, wounded on February 6, 1807. ; Officers killed and wounded while serving in the 1st Hussars Regiment between (1805 and 1815): * Officers killed : 5 * Officers dying from wounds : 6 * Officers wounded : 57


First Restoration The First Restoration was a period in French history that saw the return of the Bourbon dynasty to the throne, between the abdication of Napoleon I in the spring of 1814 and the Hundred Days, in March 1815. The regime was born following the vict ...
et
Second Restoration The Bourbon Restoration was the period of French history during which the House of Bourbon returned to power after the first fall of Napoleon on 3 May 1814. Briefly interrupted by the Hundred Days War in 1815, the Restoration lasted until the J ...

* État-major du régiment nearing 1815 ** colonel Auguste-Ambroise-Joselin de Verdière ** lieutenant-colonel : Armand-Louis, chavalier de l'Orme ** chefs d'escadrons : M. Vidal de Léry et Jacques-Victor de Suzainnecourt ** major : Joseph-Antoine, vicomte de Lodin du Mauvoic ** capitaines adjoint-majors : Pierre de Vigneras et Alexandre Pothée ** lieutenant-trésorier : François Vial ** capitaine d'habillement : Jean-Pierre Carmignac ** sous-lieutenant porte-étendard : Michel-Rémi Renaud ** aumônier : Jean Didier ** chirurgien major : Jean-Baptiste Hermaut ** chirurgien aide-major : Antoine-Claude Marchal, dit Lafontaine * 1824–1830 ** colonel : Ferdinand-Philippe d'Orléans, duc de Chartres, futur duc d'Orléans


1830-1848 :

July Monarchy The July Monarchy (french: Monarchie de Juillet), officially the Kingdom of France (french: Royaume de France), was a liberal constitutional monarchy in France under , starting on 26 July 1830, with the July Revolution of 1830, and ending 23 F ...

* 1830–1832 : ** colonel Royal Prince of France, duc d'Orléans ** cieutenant-colonel Lanthonnet ** chef d'escadron de Suremain ** chef d'escadron Lestocquoy * 1832–1836 : colonel Joseph Simon Pozac * 1845 : colonel Berryer


Second Empire Second Empire may refer to: * Second British Empire, used by some historians to describe the British Empire after 1783 * Second Bulgarian Empire (1185–1396) * Second French Empire (1852–1870) ** Second Empire architecture, an architectural styl ...

* 1854 : colonel comte Lion * 1856 : colonel Moucheton de Gerbrois * 1864 : colonel de la Jaille * 1867 : colonel prince de Bauffremont


1870-1914

* 1870 : colonel prince de Bauffremont * 1872 : colonel d'Agoult * 1884 : colonel Poulard * 1889 : colonel Buffet * 1892 : colonel Geslin de Bourgogne * 1894 : colonel Lageon * 1897 : colonel de Quinemont * 1907 : colonel Simon de la Mortière * 1912 : colonel Renaudeau d'Arc


World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

* 1914 : colonel Leps * 1914–1918 : colonel d'Amade


Interwar Period

* 1926 : colonel Robert * 1931 : colonel Aubry de la Noé * 1932 : colonel Malcor


World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...

* 1939 : colonel Rabany * 1940 : colonel de Groulard (wounded in 1940, died from injuries sustained in 1947)


From 1945 till present

* 1946–19xx : colonel De Gastines * 1952–1953: colonel Teyssou * 1954–1956 : colonel Bertrand de Quénetain** * 1956–1958 : lieutenant-colonel Hebrard * 1958–1960 : lieutenant-colonel Jean Compagnon * 1960–1962 : colonel Gautier * 1962–1963 : lieutenant-colonel Teule * 1963–1964 : colonel Donnart * 1964–1966 : colonel de Boifleury** * 1966–1968 : colonel Laflaquiere * 1968–1970 : colonel Jean Combette*** * 1970–1972 : colonel Boissau * 1972–1974 : colonel Delmotte** * 1974–1976 : colonel Morel * 1976–1978 : colonel Gouttenoire*** * 1978–1980 : colonel Berge * 1980–1982 : colonel Varret * 1982–1984 : colonel Genest * 1984–1986 : colonel Gobillard**** * 1986–1988 : colonel d'Astorg * 1988–1990 : colonel Le Mière*** * 1990–1992 : colonel Valentin**** * 1992–1994 : colonel Hubin * 1994–1996 : colonel Duhesme * 1996–1998 : colonel Maes* * 1998–2000 : colonel Duquesne*** * 2000–2002 : colonel de Bavinchove*** ( CEM ISAF in Afghanistan ) * 2002–2004 : colonel Delort-Laval** ( Director of the War School since August 2011 )** division since 2012 * 2004–2006 : colonel de Marisy * 2006–2008 : colonel de Lapresle* * 2008–2010 : colonel Villiaumey * 2010–2012 : colonel Langlade de Montgros * 2012–2014 : colonel Peltier * 2014-.... : colonel Aumonier (*) Officers which subsequently were promoted to Brigade generals.
(**) Officers which subsequently were promoted to Divisional generals
(***)Officers which subsequently were promoted to Corps generals
(****)Officers which subsequently were promoted to
Army Generals Army general is the highest ranked general officer in many countries that use the French Revolutionary System.　 In countries that adopt the general officer four rank system, it is rank of general commanding an army in the field, but in coun ...
.


Notable Hussars

* Ferdinand-Philippe d'Orléans, duc de Chartres then duc d'Orléans, Dauphin de France * César de Vachon de Belmont-Briançon then captain *
Général is the French word for general. There are two main categories of generals: the general officers (), which are the highest-ranking commanding officers in the armed forces, and the specialist officers with flag rank (), which are high-level office ...
Jean-Antoine Marbot Jean-Antoine Marbot ( , ; 7 December 1754 – 19 April 1800), also known to contemporaries as Antoine Marbot, was a French general and politician. He belongs to a family that has distinguished itself particularly in the career of arms, giving t ...
* Général Baron Marcellin Marbot * Général comte
Frédéric Henri Walther Frédéric-Louis-Henri Walther (20 June 1761 – 24 November 1813), was a French general of division and a supporter of Napoleon Bonaparte. He fought in the Revolutionary and Napoleonic wars. He enlisted in 1781 and, in his 30-year career, he s ...
(from the rank of a regular soldier -private- to the officer rank of captain) * Général Nicolas-François Christophe (captain in 1793) * Louis Bro (1781-1844), soldier, then futur cavalry general *
Colonel Colonel (abbreviated as Col., Col or COL) is a senior military officer rank used in many countries. It is also used in some police forces and paramilitary organizations. In the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, a colonel was typically in charge o ...
Nicolas Oudinot, son of Empire Marshal Nicolas-Charles Oudinot * Maurice Dupin de Francueil, first capitain on December 21, 1805, then chef d'escadron on March 21, 1807 *
Général is the French word for general. There are two main categories of generals: the general officers (), which are the highest-ranking commanding officers in the armed forces, and the specialist officers with flag rank (), which are high-level office ...
Regnaud de Saint-Jean d'Angély (in 1815, to the rank of captain) * Charles-Marie-Augustin, comte de Goyon (1803-1870), division general, major at 1er hussards le on January 15, 1839 * Charles Louis Schulmeister * Charles Théodore Ernest de Hédouville (1809-1890), French politician, served in the regiment after 1829. * Olivier de Germay *
Gaston de Galliffet Gaston Alexandre Auguste, Marquis de Galliffet, Prince de Martigues (Paris, 23 January 1830 – 8 July 1909), was a French general, best known for having taken part in the repression of the 1871 Paris Commune. He was Minister of War in Waldeck-Ro ...
* Lieutenant Robert Chezeau


Gallery

File:Aerotransport ERC90.jpg, File:Largage VBL.JPG, File:Largage Ger.JPG,


See also

* Hussar


References


External links


French official website of the Bercheny's - 1st Parachute Hussars Regiment
{{DEFAULTSORT:Parachute Hussar Regiment, 1st Parachute regiments of France Cavalry regiments of France Regiments of the First French Empire Regiments of the French First Republic 20th-century regiments of France 21st-century regiments of France Hussars Military units and formations established in 1720 Military units and formations disestablished in 1815 Military units and formations established in 1816 Military units and formations disestablished in 1828 Military units and formations established in 1928 Military units and formations disestablished in 1940 Military units and formations established in 1945