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File:1990 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1990 FIFA World Cup is played in
Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...
; The Human Genome Project is launched;
Voyager I ''Voyager 1'' is a space probe launched by NASA on September 5, 1977, as part of the Voyager program to study the outer Solar System and interstellar space beyond the Sun's heliosphere. Launched 16 days after its twin ''Voyager 2'', ''Voya ...
takes the famous
Pale Blue Dot ''Pale Blue Dot'' is a photograph of planet Earth taken on February 14, 1990, by the ''Voyager 1'' space probe from a record distance of about kilometers ( miles, 40.5 AU), as part of that day's ''Family Portrait'' series of images of the ...
image- speaking on the fragility of
humanity Humanity most commonly refers to: * Humankind the total population of humans * Humanity (virtue) Humanity may also refer to: Literature * ''Humanity'' (journal), an academic journal that focuses on human rights * ''Humanity: A Moral History of t ...
on
Earth Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbor life. While large volumes of water can be found throughout the Solar System, only Earth sustains liquid surface water. About 71% of Earth's sur ...
, astrophysicist Carl Sagan states: "''That's here. That's home. That's us.''" ;
West Germany West Germany is the colloquial term used to indicate the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG; german: Bundesrepublik Deutschland , BRD) between its formation on 23 May 1949 and the German reunification through the accession of East Germany on 3 ...
and
East Germany East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR; german: Deutsche Demokratische Republik, , DDR, ), was a country that existed from its creation on 7 October 1949 until German reunification, its dissolution on 3 October 1990. In t ...
reunify; Police stand on-guard during the Poll tax riots in the
United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and ...
;
Iraq Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...
under Saddam Hussein invades
Kuwait Kuwait (; ar, الكويت ', or ), officially the State of Kuwait ( ar, دولة الكويت '), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated in the northern edge of Eastern Arabia at the tip of the Persian Gulf, bordering Iraq to Iraq–Ku ...
, beginning the Gulf War; The
1990 Manjil–Rudbar earthquake The 1990 Manjil–Rudbar earthquake occurred on Thursday, June 21, 1990 at in northern Iran. The shock had a moment magnitude of 7.4 and a Mercalli Intensity of X (''Extreme''). Damage and casualties Widespread damage occurred to the northwest ...
kills between 35,000 - 50,000 people in
Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
; The
Hubble Space Telescope The Hubble Space Telescope (often referred to as HST or Hubble) is a space telescope that was launched into low Earth orbit in 1990 and remains in operation. It was not the first space telescope, but it is one of the largest and most vers ...
is launched from the Space Shuttle Discovery., 300x300px, thumb rect 0 0 200 200 1990 FIFA World Cup rect 200 0 400 200 Human Genome Project rect 400 0 600 200
Pale Blue Dot ''Pale Blue Dot'' is a photograph of planet Earth taken on February 14, 1990, by the ''Voyager 1'' space probe from a record distance of about kilometers ( miles, 40.5 AU), as part of that day's ''Family Portrait'' series of images of the ...
rect 0 200 300 400
Hubble Space Telescope The Hubble Space Telescope (often referred to as HST or Hubble) is a space telescope that was launched into low Earth orbit in 1990 and remains in operation. It was not the first space telescope, but it is one of the largest and most vers ...
rect 300 200 600 400 German reunification rect 0 400 200 600
1990 Manjil–Rudbar earthquake The 1990 Manjil–Rudbar earthquake occurred on Thursday, June 21, 1990 at in northern Iran. The shock had a moment magnitude of 7.4 and a Mercalli Intensity of X (''Extreme''). Damage and casualties Widespread damage occurred to the northwest ...
rect 200 400 400 600 Iraqi invasion of Kuwait rect 400 400 600 600 Poll tax riots
Important events of 1990 include the Reunification of Germany and the
unification of Yemen Yemeni unification () took place on May 22, 1990, when the area of the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (also known as South Yemen) was united with the Yemen Arab Republic (also known as North Yemen), forming the Republic of Yemen (known as ...
, the formal beginning of the Human Genome Project (finished in 2003), the launch of the
Hubble Space Telescope The Hubble Space Telescope (often referred to as HST or Hubble) is a space telescope that was launched into low Earth orbit in 1990 and remains in operation. It was not the first space telescope, but it is one of the largest and most vers ...
, the separation of
Namibia Namibia (, ), officially the Republic of Namibia, is a country in Southern Africa. Its western border is the Atlantic Ocean. It shares land borders with Zambia and Angola to the north, Botswana to the east and South Africa to the south and ea ...
from South Africa, and the Baltic states declaring independence from the
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...
amidst Perestroika.
Yugoslavia Yugoslavia (; sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Jugoslavija, Југославија ; sl, Jugoslavija ; mk, Југославија ;; rup, Iugoslavia; hu, Jugoszlávia; rue, label= Pannonian Rusyn, Югославия, translit=Juhoslavij ...
's communist regime collapses amidst increasing internal tensions and multiparty elections held within its constituent republics result in separatist governments being elected in most of the republics marking the beginning of the breakup of Yugoslavia. Also in this year began the crisis that would lead to the Gulf War in 1991 following the
Iraq Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...
invasion and the largely internationally unrecognized annexation of
Kuwait Kuwait (; ar, الكويت ', or ), officially the State of Kuwait ( ar, دولة الكويت '), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated in the northern edge of Eastern Arabia at the tip of the Persian Gulf, bordering Iraq to Iraq–Ku ...
. This annexation resulted in a crisis in the
Persian Gulf The Persian Gulf ( fa, خلیج فارس, translit=xalij-e fârs, lit=Gulf of Fars, ), sometimes called the ( ar, اَلْخَلِيْجُ ٱلْعَرَبِيُّ, Al-Khalīj al-ˁArabī), is a mediterranean sea in Western Asia. The bo ...
involving the issue of the sovereignty of Kuwait and fears by Saudi Arabia over Iraqi aggression against their oil fields near Kuwait. This led to Operation Desert Shield being enacted with an international coalition of military forces being built up on the Kuwaiti-Saudi border with demands for Iraq to peacefully withdraw from Kuwait. Also in this year, Nelson Mandela was released from prison, and Margaret Thatcher resigned as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom after more than 11 years. 1990 was an important year in the
Internet The Internet (or internet) is the global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is a '' network of networks'' that consists of private, p ...
's early history. In the fall of 1990, Tim Berners-Lee created the first web server and the foundation for the World Wide Web. Test operations began around December 20 and it was released outside CERN the following year. 1990 also saw the official decommissioning of the
ARPANET The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) was the first wide-area packet-switched network with distributed control and one of the first networks to implement the TCP/IP protocol suite. Both technologies became the technical fou ...
, a forerunner of the Internet system and the introduction of the first content web search engine, Archie, on September 10. September 14, 1990 saw the first case of successful somatic
gene therapy Gene therapy is a Medicine, medical field which focuses on the genetic modification of cells to produce a therapeutic effect or the treatment of disease by repairing or reconstructing defective genetic material. The first attempt at modifying ...
on a patient. Due to the early 1990s recession that began that year and uncertainty due to the collapse of the socialist governments in Eastern Europe, birth rates in many countries stopped rising or fell steeply in 1990. In most western countries the Echo Boom peaked in 1990; fertility rates declined thereafter.


Events


January

*
January 1 January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the ye ...
** Poland becomes the first country in Eastern Europe to begin abolishing its state socialist economy. Poland also withdraws from the
Warsaw Pact The Warsaw Pact (WP) or Treaty of Warsaw, formally the Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance, was a collective defense treaty signed in Warsaw, Poland, between the Soviet Union and seven other Eastern Bloc socialist republi ...
. **
Glasgow Glasgow ( ; sco, Glesca or ; gd, Glaschu ) is the most populous city in Scotland and the fourth-most populous city in the United Kingdom, as well as being the 27th largest city by population in Europe. In 2020, it had an estimated popu ...
begins its year as European Capital of Culture. ** The first Internet companies catering to commercial users, PSINet and EUnet begin selling Internet access to commercial customers in the United States and Netherlands respectively. * January 3United States invasion of Panama: General Manuel Noriega is deposed as leader of Panama and surrenders to the American forces. * January 11Singing Revolution: In the Lithuania SSR, 300,000 demonstrate for independence. *
January 12 Events Pre-1600 * 475 – Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople, and his general, Basiliscus gains control of the empire. * 1528 – Gustav I of Sweden is crowned King of Sweden, having already rei ...
19 – Most of the remaining 50,000
Armenians Armenians ( hy, հայեր, ''hayer'' ) are an ethnic group native to the Armenian highlands of Western Asia. Armenians constitute the main population of Armenia and the ''de facto'' independent Artsakh. There is a wide-ranging diaspora ...
are driven out of Baku in the Azerbaijan SSR during the
Baku pogrom The Baku pogrom ( hy, Բաքվի ջարդեր, ) was a pogrom directed against the ethnic Armenian inhabitants of Baku, Azerbaijan SSR. From January 12, 1990, a seven-day pogrom broke out against the Armenian civilian population in Baku during ...
. * January 13Douglas Wilder becomes the first elected African American governor as he takes office in Richmond, Virginia. * January 15 ** The National Assembly of Bulgaria votes to end
one party rule A one-party state, single-party state, one-party system, or single-party system is a type of sovereign state in which only one political party has the right to form the government, usually based on the existing constitution. All other parties ...
by the Bulgarian Communist Party. ** Thousands storm the Stasi headquarters in East Berlin in an attempt to view their government records. ** Martin Luther King Day Crash – Telephone service in Atlanta, St. Louis, and Detroit, including 9-1-1 service, goes down for nine hours, due to an AT&T software bug. * January 20 **
Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because t ...
: Black January – Soviet troops occupy Baku, Azerbaijan SSR, under the state of emergency decree issued by General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Mikhail Gorbachev, and kill over 130 protesters who were demonstrating for independence. The
Nakhichevan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic The Nakhichevan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, abbreviated as Nakhichevan ASSR was an autonomous republic within the Azerbaijan SSR, itself a republic within the Soviet Union. It was formed on 16 March 1921 and became a part of the Aze ...
declares its independence from the USSR. ** Clashes break out between Indian troops and
Muslim Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abrah ...
separatists in Kashmir. ** The government of Haiti declares a
state of emergency A state of emergency is a situation in which a government is empowered to be able to put through policies that it would normally not be permitted to do, for the safety and protection of its citizens. A government can declare such a state du ...
, under which it suspends civil liberties, imposes censorship, and arrests political opponents. The state of siege is lifted on January 29. * January 22Robert Tappan Morris is convicted of releasing the Morris worm. * January 25 **
Avianca Flight 52 Avianca Flight 052 was a regularly scheduled flight from Bogotá, Colombia, to New York City, United States, via Medellín, Colombia, that crashed on January 25, 1990, at 21:34 ( UTC−05:00). The Boeing 707 flying this route ran out of f ...
crashes into Cove Neck, Long Island, New York after a miscommunication between the flight crew and JFK Airport officials, killing 73 people on board. **
Prime Minister of Pakistan The prime minister of Pakistan ( ur, , romanized: Wazīr ē Aʿẓam , ) is the head of government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Executive authority is vested in the prime minister and his chosen cabinet, despite the president of Pak ...
Benazir Bhutto gives birth to a girl, becoming the first modern head of government to bear a child while in office. **
Pope John Paul II Pope John Paul II ( la, Ioannes Paulus II; it, Giovanni Paolo II; pl, Jan Paweł II; born Karol Józef Wojtyła ; 18 May 19202 April 2005) was the head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 1978 until his ...
begins an eight-day tour of Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau,
Mali Mali (; ), officially the Republic of Mali,, , ff, 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞥆𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣𞤭 𞤃𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭, Renndaandi Maali, italics=no, ar, جمهورية مالي, Jumhūriyyāt Mālī is a landlocked country in West Africa. Ma ...
,
Burkina Faso Burkina Faso (, ; , ff, 𞤄𞤵𞤪𞤳𞤭𞤲𞤢 𞤊𞤢𞤧𞤮, italic=no) is a landlocked country in West Africa with an area of , bordered by Mali to the northwest, Niger to the northeast, Benin to the southeast, Togo and Ghana t ...
, and Chad. * January 2526 – The
Burns' Day storm The Burns' Day Storm (also known as Cyclone Daria) was an extremely violent windstorm that took place on 25–26 January 1990 over North-Western Europe. It is one of the strongest European windstorms on record. This storm has received differen ...
kills 97 in northwestern Europe. * January 27 – The city of Tiraspol in the
Moldavian SSR The Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic ( ro, Republica Sovietică Socialistă Moldovenească, Moldovan Cyrillic: ) was one of the 15  republics of the Soviet Union which existed from 1940 to 1991. The republic was formed on 2 August 1940 ...
briefly declares independence. * January 28 – Four months after their exit from power, the Polish United Workers' Party votes to dissolve and reorganize as the Social Democracy of the Republic of Poland. * January 29 ** The trial of
Joseph Hazelwood Joseph Jeffrey Hazelwood (September 24, 1946 – ) was an American sailor. He was the captain of ''Exxon Valdez'' during her 1989 oil spill. He was accused of being intoxicated which contributed to the disaster, but was cleared of this charge a ...
, former skipper of the '' Exxon Valdez'', begins in Anchorage, Alaska. He is accused of negligence that resulted in America's second worst oil spill to date. * January 31 ** Globalization – The first
McDonald's McDonald's Corporation is an American multinational fast food chain, founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States. They rechristened their business as a hambur ...
in Moscow,
Russian SFSR The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Russian SFSR or RSFSR ( rus, Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика, Rossíyskaya Sovétskaya Federatívnaya Soci ...
opens 8 months after construction began on May 3, 1989. 8 months later the first McDonald's in
Mainland China "Mainland China" is a geopolitical term defined as the territory governed by the China, People's Republic of China (including islands like Hainan or Chongming Island, Chongming), excluding dependent territories of the PRC, and other territorie ...
is opened in
Shenzhen Shenzhen (; ; ; ), also historically known as Sham Chun, is a major sub-provincial city and one of the special economic zones of China. The city is located on the east bank of the Pearl River estuary on the central coast of southern provi ...
. ** President of the United States George H. W. Bush gives his first State of the Union address and proposes that the U.S. and the
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...
make deep cuts to their military forces in Europe.


February

* February/March – 100,000
Kashmiri Pandits The Kashmiri Pandits (also known as Kashmiri Brahmins) are a group of Kashmiri Hindus and a part of the larger Saraswat Brahmin community of India. They belong to the Pancha Gauda Brahmin group from the Kashmir Valley, a mountainous region l ...
leave their homeland in
Jammu and Kashmir Jammu and Kashmir may refer to: * Kashmir, the northernmost geographical region of the Indian subcontinent * Jammu and Kashmir (union territory), a region administered by India as a union territory * Jammu and Kashmir (state), a region administered ...
's Valley after being targeted by Islamist extremists. * February – Smoking is banned on all cross-country flights in the United States. * February 2
Apartheid Apartheid (, especially South African English: , ; , "aparthood") was a system of institutionalised racial segregation that existed in South Africa and South West Africa (now Namibia) from 1948 to the early 1990s. Apartheid was ...
: F. W. de Klerk announces the unbanning of the
African National Congress The African National Congress (ANC) is a social-democratic political party in South Africa. A liberation movement known for its opposition to apartheid, it has governed the country since 1994, when the first post-apartheid election install ...
and promises to release Nelson Mandela. *
February 7 Events Pre-1600 * 457 – Leo I becomes the Eastern Roman emperor. * 987 – Bardas Phokas the Younger and Bardas Skleros, Byzantine generals of the military elite, begin a wide-scale rebellion against Emperor Basil II. *1301 &nda ...
** The Communist Party of the Soviet Union votes to end its monopoly of power, clearing the way for multiparty elections. ** In the Tajik SSR, rioting breaks out against the settlement of Armenian refugees there. * February 9
ADtranz low floor tram The ADtranz low floor tram was introduced in the 1990s as the world's first tram with a completely low floor design. This tram was developed by MAN for the Bremen urban transport system. The prototype, tram number 3801, was first publicly intr ...
world's first completely low-floor tram introduced in Bremen. * February 10 ** President of South Africa F. W. de Klerk announces that Nelson Mandela will be released the next day. **
Las Cruces Bowling Alley massacre The Las Cruces bowling alley massacre occurred in Las Cruces, New Mexico, United States, on February 10, 1990. Seven people were shot, four fatally, by two unidentified robbers at the Las Cruces Bowling Alley at 1201 East Amador Avenue. The gunmen ...
: 2 people walked into the 10 Pin Alley in Las Cruces, New Mexico, (known then as the Las Cruces Bowl) and shot seven people, four of whom were killed. The case is currently unsolved. * February 11Nelson Mandela is released from Victor Verster Prison, near
Cape Town Cape Town ( af, Kaapstad; , xh, iKapa) is one of South Africa's three capital cities, serving as the seat of the Parliament of South Africa. It is the legislative capital of the country, the oldest city in the country, and the second largest ...
, South Africa, after 27 years behind bars. *
February 12 Events Pre-1600 * 1404 – The Italian professor Galeazzo di Santa Sophie performed the first post-mortem autopsy for the purposes of teaching and demonstration at the Heiligen–Geist Spital in Vienna. * 1429 – English forces und ...
– Representatives of
NATO The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, ; french: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, ), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 30 member states – 28 European and two N ...
and the
Warsaw Pact The Warsaw Pact (WP) or Treaty of Warsaw, formally the Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance, was a collective defense treaty signed in Warsaw, Poland, between the Soviet Union and seven other Eastern Bloc socialist republi ...
meet in
Ottawa Ottawa (, ; Canadian French: ) is the capital city of Canada. It is located at the confluence of the Ottawa River and the Rideau River in the southern portion of the province of Ontario. Ottawa borders Gatineau, Quebec, and forms the c ...
for an "Open Skies" conference. The conference results in agreements about superpower troop levels in Europe and on German reunification. * February 13 ** German reunification: An agreement is reached for a two-stage plan to reunite Germany. ** Drexel Burnham Lambert files for bankruptcy protection, Chapter 11. * February 14 – The
Pale Blue Dot ''Pale Blue Dot'' is a photograph of planet Earth taken on February 14, 1990, by the ''Voyager 1'' space probe from a record distance of about kilometers ( miles, 40.5 AU), as part of that day's ''Family Portrait'' series of images of the ...
photograph of
Earth Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbor life. While large volumes of water can be found throughout the Solar System, only Earth sustains liquid surface water. About 71% of Earth's sur ...
is sent back from the '' Voyager 1'' probe after completing its primary mission, from around 5.6 billion kilometers (3.5 billion mi) away. * February 15 ** The United Kingdom and
Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest ...
restore diplomatic relations after 8 years. The UK had severed ties in response to Argentina's
invasion An invasion is a military offensive in which large numbers of combatants of one geopolitical entity aggressively enter territory owned by another such entity, generally with the objective of either: conquering; liberating or re-establishing ...
of the
Falkland Islands The Falkland Islands (; es, Islas Malvinas, link=no ) is an archipelago in the South Atlantic Ocean on the Patagonian Shelf. The principal islands are about east of South America's southern Patagonian coast and about from Cape Dubouze ...
, a British Dependent Territory, in 1982. ** In Cartagena, Colombia, a summit is held between
President of the United States The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America. The president directs the Federal government of the United States#Executive branch, executive branch of the Federal gove ...
George H. W. Bush, President of Bolivia Jaime Paz Zamora, President of Colombia Virgilio Barco Vargas, and President of Peru
Alan García Alan Gabriel Ludwig García Pérez (; 23 May 1949 – 17 April 2019) was a Peruvian politician who served as President of Peru for two non-consecutive terms from 1985 to 1990 and from 2006 to 2011. He was the second leader of the Peruvian Apri ...
. The leaders pledge additional cooperation in fighting international drug trafficking. * February 25 – The
Sandinistas The Sandinista National Liberation Front ( es, Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional, FSLN) is a socialist political party in Nicaragua. Its members are called Sandinistas () in both English and Spanish. The party is named after Augusto ...
are defeated in the
Nicaragua Nicaragua (; ), officially the Republic of Nicaragua (), is the largest country in Central America, bordered by Honduras to the north, the Caribbean to the east, Costa Rica to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Managua is the coun ...
n
elections An election is a formal group decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual or multiple individuals to hold public office. Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy has opera ...
, with Violeta Chamorro elected as the new president of Nicaragua (the first elected woman president in the Americas), replacing Daniel Ortega. * February 26 – The
USSR The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nati ...
agrees to withdraw all 73,500 troops from
Czechoslovakia , rue, Чеськословеньско, , yi, טשעכאסלאוואקיי, , common_name = Czechoslovakia , life_span = 1918–19391945–1992 , p1 = Austria-Hungary , image_p1 ...
by July, 1991. * February 27Exxon ''Valdez'' oil spill: Exxon and its shipping company are indicted on 5 criminal counts. * February 28 – President of Nicaragua Daniel Ortega announces a cease-fire with the U.S.-backed contras.


March

* March 1 ** A fire at the Sheraton Hotel in
Cairo Cairo ( ; ar, القاهرة, al-Qāhirah, ) is the capital of Egypt and its largest city, home to 10 million people. It is also part of the largest urban agglomeration in Africa, the Arab world and the Middle East: The Greater Cairo metr ...
, Egypt, kills 16 people. ** Steve Jackson Games is raided by the
U.S. Secret Service The United States Secret Service (USSS or Secret Service) is a federal law enforcement agency under the Department of Homeland Security charged with conducting criminal investigations and protecting U.S. political leaders, their families, and ...
, prompting the later formation of the Electronic Frontier Foundation. ** The Royal New Zealand Navy discontinues its daily rum ration. **
Luis Alberto Lacalle Luis Alberto Lacalle de Herrera, GCMG (; ''Lacalle'' locally or ; born 13 July 1941), is a Uruguayan politician and lawyer who served as President of Uruguay from 1990 to 1995. Background His mother, María Hortensia de Herrera de Lacalle, ...
, a grandson of the late politician and diplomat Luis Alberto de Herrera, is sworn in as President of Uruguay. *
March 3 Events Pre-1600 * 473 – Gundobad (nephew of Ricimer) nominates Glycerius as emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 724 – Empress Genshō abdicates the throne in favor of her nephew Shōmu who becomes emperor of Japan. *1575 ...
– The International Trans-Antarctic Scientific Expedition, a group of six explorers from six nations, completes the first dog sled crossing of Antarctica. * March 8 – The Nintendo World Championships were held within the Fair Park's Automobile Building, kickstarting an almost year long gaming competition across 29 American cities. *
March 9 Events Pre-1600 *141 BC – Liu Che, posthumously known as Emperor Wu of Han, assumes the throne over the Han dynasty of China. *1009 – First known mention of Lithuania, in the annals of the monastery of Quedlinburg. *1226 &ndas ...
** Police seal off Brixton in South London after another night of protests against the poll tax. ** Newfoundland Premier Clyde Wells confirms he will rescind Newfoundland's approval of the Meech Lake Accord. * March 10
Prosper Avril Matthieu Prosper Avril (born December 12, 1937) is a Haitian political figure who was President of Haiti from 1988 to 1990. A trusted member of François Duvalier's Presidential Guard and adviser to Jean-Claude Duvalier, Lt. Gen. Avril led the S ...
is ousted in a coup in Haiti, eighteen months after seizing power. * March 11Singing Revolution: The Lithuanian SSR declares independence from the
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...
with the Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania * March 1113 – The March 1990 Central United States tornado outbreak produces 64 tornadoes across six US states, including four violent F4/ F5 tornadoes. The outbreak leaves 2 dead, 89 injured, and causes over $500 million in damages. * March 12 – Cold War: Soviet soldiers begin leaving Hungary under terms of an agreement to withdraw all Soviet troops by June 1. *
March 13 Events Pre-1600 * 624 – The Battle of Badr, the first major battle between the Muslims and Quraysh. *1567 – The Battle of Oosterweel, traditionally regarded as the start of the Eighty Years' War. *1591 – At the Battle of Ton ...
– The Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union approves changes to the Constitution of the Soviet Union to create a strong U.S.-style presidency. Mikhail Gorbachev is elected to a five-year term as the first-ever President of the Soviet Union on March 15. *
March 15 Events Pre-1600 * 474 BC – Roman consul Aulus Manlius Vulso celebrates an ovation for concluding the war against Veii and securing a forty years' truce. * 44 BC – The assassination of Julius Caesar takes place. * 493 &ndash ...
**
Iraq Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...
hangs British journalist
Farzad Bazoft Farzad Bazoft ( fa, فرزاد بازفت; 22 May 1958 – 15 March 1990) was an Iranian journalist who settled in the United Kingdom in the mid-1970s. He worked as a freelance reporter for ''The Observer''. He was arrested by Iraqi authoritie ...
for spying. Daphne Parish, a British nurse, is sentenced to 15 years' imprisonment as an accomplice. ** Mikhail Gorbachev is elected as the first executive president of the
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...
. ** Singing Revolution: The
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...
announces that Lithuania's declaration of independence is invalid. **
Fernando Collor de Mello Fernando Affonso Collor de Mello (; born 12 August 1949) is a Brazilian politician who served as the 32nd president of Brazil from 1990 to 1992, when he resigned in a failed attempt to stop his impeachment trial by the Brazilian Senate. Collor ...
takes office as
President of Brazil The president of Brazil ( pt, Presidente do Brasil), officially the president of the Federative Republic of Brazil ( pt, Presidente da República Federativa do Brasil) or simply the ''President of the Republic'', is the head of state and head o ...
,
Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
's first democratically elected president since Jânio Quadros in
1961 Events January * January 3 ** United States President Dwight D. Eisenhower announces that the United States has severed diplomatic and consular relations with Cuba (Cuba–United States relations are restored in 2015). ** Aero Flight 311 (K ...
. The next day, he announces a currency freeze and freezes large bank accounts for 18 months. * March 18 ** Twelve paintings and a
Shang dynasty The Shang dynasty (), also known as the Yin dynasty (), was a Chinese royal dynasty founded by Tang of Shang (Cheng Tang) that ruled in the Yellow River valley in the second millennium BC, traditionally succeeding the Xia dynasty a ...
vase, collectively worth $100 to $300 million, are stolen from the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in
Boston Boston (), officially the City of Boston, is the state capital and most populous city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, as well as the cultural and financial center of the New England region of the United States. It is the 24th- mo ...
,
Massachusetts Massachusetts (Massachusett: ''Muhsachuweesut Massachusett_writing_systems.html" ;"title="nowiki/> məhswatʃəwiːsət.html" ;"title="Massachusett writing systems">məhswatʃəwiːsət">Massachusett writing systems">məhswatʃəwiːsət'' En ...
by two thieves posing as police officers. This is the largest art theft in US history, and the paintings () have not been recovered. **
Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because t ...
:
East Germany East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR; german: Deutsche Demokratische Republik, , DDR, ), was a country that existed from its creation on 7 October 1949 until German reunification, its dissolution on 3 October 1990. In t ...
holds its first
free elections An election is a formal group decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual or multiple individuals to hold public office. Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy has operated ...
. * March 20Ferdinand Marcos's widow, Imelda Marcos, goes on trial for bribery, embezzlement, and racketeering. * March 21 – After 75 years of South African rule since
World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll, one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, ...
,
Namibia Namibia (, ), officially the Republic of Namibia, is a country in Southern Africa. Its western border is the Atlantic Ocean. It shares land borders with Zambia and Angola to the north, Botswana to the east and South Africa to the south and ea ...
becomes independent. * March 24
1990 Australian federal election Year 199 ( CXCIX) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was sometimes known as year 952 '' Ab urbe condita''. The denomination 199 for this year has been used since th ...
: Bob Hawke's Labor
Government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government i ...
is re-elected with a reduced majority, narrowly defeating the Liberal/ National Coalition led by Andrew Peacock. * March 25 ** In New York City, a fire due to arson at an illegal social club called " Happy Land" kills 87. ** Archbishop of Canterbury Robert Runcie announces his intention to retire at the end of the year. ** In the Hungarian parliamentary election, Hungary's first multiparty election since 1948, the Hungarian Democratic Forum wins the most seats. * March 26 – The 62nd Academy Awards, hosted by Billy Crystal, are held at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion in Los Angeles,
California California is a state in the Western United States, located along the Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the most populous U.S. state and the 3rd largest by area. It is also the m ...
, with ''
Driving Miss Daisy '' Driving Miss Daisy'' is a 1989 American comedy-drama film directed by Bruce Beresford and written by Alfred Uhry, based on his 1987 play of the same name. The film stars Jessica Tandy, Morgan Freeman, and Dan Aykroyd. Freeman reprised his r ...
'' winning Best Picture. * March 27 – The United States begins broadcasting
Radio y Televisión Martí Radio Televisión Martí is an American state-run radio and television international broadcaster based in Miami, Florida, financed by the federal government of the United States through the U.S. Agency for Global Media (formerly Broadcasting Board ...
to
Cuba Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribb ...
. *
March 28 Events Pre-1600 *AD 37 – Roman emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, bestowed on him by the Senate. * 193 – After assassinating the Roman Emperor Pertinax, his Praetorian Guards auction off the throne to Didiu ...
– U.S. President George H. W. Bush posthumously awards
Jesse Owens James Cleveland "Jesse" Owens (September 12, 1913March 31, 1980) was an American track and field athlete who won four gold medals at the 1936 Olympic Games. Owens specialized in the sprints and the long jump and was recognized in his lif ...
the Congressional Gold Medal. * March 30Singing Revolution: After its first free elections on March 18, the Estonian SSR declares the Soviet rule to have been illegal since 1940 and declares a transition period for full independence. * March 31 – " The Second Battle of Trafalgar": A massive anti- poll tax demonstration in Trafalgar Square, London, turns into a riot; 471 people are injured, and 341 are arrested.


April

* April 1 ** The Community Charge (poll tax) takes effect in England and Wales amid widespread protests **
Strangeways Prison riot The 1990 Strangeways Prison 'riot' was a 25-day prison protest and occupation at Strangeways Prison in Manchester, England. The protest began on 1 April 1990 when prisoners took control of the prison chapel, and quickly spread throughout most o ...
: The longest prison riot in Britain's history begins at Strangeways Prison in
Manchester Manchester () is a city in Greater Manchester, England. It had a population of 552,000 in 2021. It is bordered by the Cheshire Plain to the south, the Pennines to the north and east, and the neighbouring city of Salford to the west. The ...
, and continues for 3 weeks and 3 days, until April 25. ** The 1990 United States Census begins. There are 248,709,873 residents in the U.S. * April 6Robert Mapplethorpe's "The Perfect Moment" show of nude and homoerotic photographs opens at the
Cincinnati Cincinnati ( ) is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Hamilton County. Settled in 1788, the city is located at the northern side of the confluence of the Licking and Ohio rivers, the latter of which marks the state line w ...
Contemporary Arts Center, in spite of accusations of indecency by
Citizens for Community Values Citizens for Community Values (CCV) is a lobbying organization focused upon implementing conservative Christian sexual morality in public policy. It operates primarily in the US state of Ohio and is the Family Policy Council (a Focus on the Fam ...
. * April 7 ** Iran–Contra affair: John Poindexter is found guilty of 5 charges for his part in the scandal; the convictions are later reversed on appeal. **''
Scandinavian Star MS ''Scandinavian Star'', originally named MS ''Massalia'', was a car and passenger ferry built in France in 1971. The ship was set on fire on April 7, 1990, killing 159 people. The official investigation determined the fire had been caused by a ...
'', a
Bahamas The Bahamas (), officially the Commonwealth of The Bahamas, is an island country within the Lucayan Archipelago of the West Indies in the North Atlantic. It takes up 97% of the Lucayan Archipelago's land area and is home to 88% of the a ...
-registered ferry, catches fire en route from Norway to Denmark, leaving 158 dead. * April 8 ** In Nepal, Birendra of Nepal lifts a ban on political parties following violent protests. ** In the Greek legislative election, the conservative New Democracy wins the most seats in the Hellenic Parliament; its leader,
Konstantinos Mitsotakis Konstantinos Mitsotakis ( el, Κωνσταντίνος Μητσοτάκης, ; – 29 May 2017) was a Greek politician who was 7th Prime Minister of Greece from 1990 to 1993. He graduated in law and economics from the University of Athens. His ...
, becomes Prime Minister of Greece on April 11. ** In the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, the Socialist Republic of Slovenia holds Yugoslavia's first multiparty election since 1938. After the election, a center-right coalition led by Lojze Peterle forms Yugoslavia's first non-Communist government since 1945. *
April 9 Events Pre-1600 * 193 – The distinguished soldier Septimius Severus is proclaimed emperor by the army in Illyricum. * 475 – Byzantine Emperor Basiliscus issues a circular letter (''Enkyklikon'') to the bishops of his empire, su ...
Comet Austin, the brightest comet visible from Earth since
1975 It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe. Events January * January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
, makes its closest approach to the sun. * April 12Lothar de Maizière becomes prime minister of
East Germany East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR; german: Deutsche Demokratische Republik, , DDR, ), was a country that existed from its creation on 7 October 1949 until German reunification, its dissolution on 3 October 1990. In t ...
, heading a conservative coalition that favors German reunification. * April 13
Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because t ...
: The
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...
apologizes for the
Katyn massacre The Katyn massacre, "Katyń crime"; russian: link=yes, Катынская резня ''Katynskaya reznya'', "Katyn massacre", or russian: link=no, Катынский расстрел, ''Katynsky rasstrel'', "Katyn execution" was a series of m ...
. *
April 14 Events Pre-1600 * 43 BC – Legions loyal to the Roman Senate, commanded by Gaius Pansa, defeat the forces of Mark Antony in the Battle of Forum Gallorum. * 69 – Vitellius, commanding Rhine-based armies, defeats Roman emperor O ...
– Junk bond financier
Michael Milken Michael Robert Milken (born July 4, 1946) is an American financier. He is known for his role in the development of the market for high-yield bonds ("junk bonds"), and his conviction and sentence following a guilty plea on felony charges for vio ...
pleaded guilty to fraud-related charges. He agreed to pay US$500 million in restitution and was sentenced on November 21 to 10 years in jail. * April 20 – 17-year-old Christopher Kerze goes missing in
Eagan, Minnesota Eagan ( ) is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota. It is south of Saint Paul and lies on the south bank of the Minnesota River, upstream from the confluence with the Mississippi River. Eagan and the other nearby suburbs form the southern sect ...
. He remains missing . * April 21 – Japanese Yoshio Tani, M.Sc murders gold merchant Turkka Elovirta and businessman Juhani Komulainen in Siuntio,
Finland Finland ( fi, Suomi ; sv, Finland ), officially the Republic of Finland (; ), is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It shares land borders with Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of Bot ...
, having convinced them to buy a nonexistent 500 kilogram stash of Nazi gold. * April 22 ** Lebanon hostage crisis: Lebanese kidnappers release American educator Robert Polhill, who had been held hostage since January 1987. ** Earth Day 20 is celebrated by millions worldwide. * April 24 **
Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because t ...
: West Germany and
East Germany East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR; german: Deutsche Demokratische Republik, , DDR, ), was a country that existed from its creation on 7 October 1949 until German reunification, its dissolution on 3 October 1990. In t ...
agree to merge currency and economies on July 1. **'' STS-31'': The
Hubble Space Telescope The Hubble Space Telescope (often referred to as HST or Hubble) is a space telescope that was launched into low Earth orbit in 1990 and remains in operation. It was not the first space telescope, but it is one of the largest and most vers ...
is launched aboard Space Shuttle ''Discovery''. ** President of Zaire Mobutu Sese Seko lifts a 20-year ban on opposition parties. * April 25Violeta Chamorro is sworn in as President of
Nicaragua Nicaragua (; ), officially the Republic of Nicaragua (), is the largest country in Central America, bordered by Honduras to the north, the Caribbean to the east, Costa Rica to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Managua is the coun ...
, the first woman elected (February 25) in her own right as a head of state in the Americas. * April 26: A 7.0 earthquake shakes the Chinese province of Qinghai leaving 126 dead. * April 30Lebanon hostage crisis: Lebanese kidnappers release American educator Frank H. Reed, who had been held hostage since September
1986 The year 1986 was designated as the International Year of Peace by the United Nations. Events January * January 1 ** Aruba gains increased autonomy from the Netherlands by separating from the Netherlands Antilles. **Spain and Portugal en ...
.


May

* May 1 – The former Episcopal Church in the Philippines (supervised by the Episcopal Church of the United States of America) is granted full autonomy and raised to the state of an Autocephalous Anglican province and renamed the Episcopal Church of the Philippines. * May 2 – In London, a man brandishing a knife robs a courier of bearer bonds worth £292 million (the second largest mugging to date). * May 24 – First talks between the government of South Africa and the
African National Congress The African National Congress (ANC) is a social-democratic political party in South Africa. A liberation movement known for its opposition to apartheid, it has governed the country since 1994, when the first post-apartheid election install ...
. * May 4Singing Revolution: The Latvian SSR declares independence from the
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...
. * May 8 ** Singing Revolution: The Estonian SSR restores the formal name of the country, the Republic of Estonia, as well as other national emblems ( the coat of arms, the flag and the anthem). ** Rafael Ángel Calderón Fournier assumes office as President of Costa Rica. *
May 9 Events Pre-1600 * 328 – Athanasius is elected Patriarch of Alexandria. * 1009 – Lombard Revolt: Lombard forces led by Melus revolt in Bari against the Byzantine Catepanate of Italy. *1386 – England and Portugal formally r ...
– In South Korea, police battle anti-government protesters in
Seoul Seoul (; ; ), officially known as the Seoul Special City, is the Capital city, capital and largest metropolis of South Korea.Before 1972, Seoul was the ''de jure'' capital of the North Korea, Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea ...
and two other cities. * May 12
Jeanne Calment Jeanne Louise Calment (; 21 February 1875 – 4 August 1997) was a French supercentenarian and the oldest human whose age is documented, with a lifespan of 122 years and 164 days. Her longevity attracted media attention and medical studies o ...
surpasses Augusta Holtz to become the oldest verified person ever. * May 13 ** In the
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
, gunmen kill two
United States Air Force The United States Air Force (USAF) is the air service branch of the United States Armed Forces, and is one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. Originally created on 1 August 1907, as a part of the United States Army Si ...
airmen near Clark Air Base on the eve of talks between the Philippines and the United States over the future of American military bases in the Philippines. ** The
Dinamo–Red Star riot The Dinamo Zagreb–Red Star Belgrade riot was a football riot which took place on 13 May 1990 at Maksimir Stadium in Zagreb, SR Croatia, then part of SFR Yugoslavia, between the Bad Blue Boys (supporters of Dinamo Zagreb) and the Delije (support ...
took place at Maksimir Stadium in
Zagreb Zagreb ( , , , ) is the capital (political), capital and List of cities and towns in Croatia#List of cities and towns, largest city of Croatia. It is in the Northern Croatia, northwest of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slop ...
,
Croatia , image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg , image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg , anthem = " Lijepa naša domovino"("Our Beautiful Homeland") , image_map = , map_caption = , capi ...
between the Bad Blue Boys (fans of
Dinamo Zagreb Građanski nogometni klub Dinamo Zagreb ( en, Dinamo Zagreb Citizens' Football Club, link=yes, italics=yes), commonly referred to as GNK Dinamo Zagreb or simply Dinamo Zagreb (), is a Croatian professional football club based in Zagreb. Dinam ...
) and the Delije (fans of Red Star Belgrade). * May 15 ** Singing Revolution: The pro-Soviet Intermovement attempts to take power in Tallinn,
Estonia Estonia, formally the Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, an ...
, but are forced down by local Estonians. **'' Portrait of Dr. Gachet'' by Vincent van Gogh is sold for a record $82.5 million. * May 17 – The
World Health Organization The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health. The WHO Constitution states its main objective as "the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level o ...
removes homosexuality from its list of diseases. * May 18German reunification:
East Germany East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR; german: Deutsche Demokratische Republik, , DDR, ), was a country that existed from its creation on 7 October 1949 until German reunification, its dissolution on 3 October 1990. In t ...
and West Germany sign a treaty to merge their economic and social systems, effective July 1. * May 19 – The US and the USSR agree to end production of chemical weapons and to destroy most of their stockpiles of chemical weapons. * May 20
Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because t ...
: The first post- Communist presidential and parliamentary elections are held in
Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and Southeast Europe, Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, S ...
. * May 21 – In Kashmir, a Kashmiri Islamic leader is assassinated and Indian security forces open fire on mourners carrying his body, killing at least 47 people. *
May 22 Events Pre-1600 * 192 – Dong Zhuo is assassinated by his adopted son Lü Bu. * 760 – Fourteenth recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. * 853 – A Byzantine fleet sacks and destroys undefended Damietta in Egypt. *11 ...
**
Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because t ...
: The leaders of the Yemen Arab Republic and the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen announce the unification of their countries as the Republic of Yemen. * May 27 ** In the Burmese general election,
Burma Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John C. Wells, Joh ...
's first multiparty election in 30 years, the National League for Democracy led by Aung San Suu Kyi wins in a landslide, but the State Law and Order Restoration Council nullifies the election results. ** In the Colombian presidential election, César Gaviria is elected President of Colombia; he takes office on August 7. * May 29 ** Mikhail Gorbachev arrives in
Ottawa Ottawa (, ; Canadian French: ) is the capital city of Canada. It is located at the confluence of the Ottawa River and the Rideau River in the southern portion of the province of Ontario. Ottawa borders Gatineau, Quebec, and forms the c ...
for a 29-hour visit. **
Boris Yeltsin Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin ( rus, Борис Николаевич Ельцин, p=bɐˈrʲis nʲɪkɐˈla(j)ɪvʲɪtɕ ˈjelʲtsɨn, a=Ru-Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin.ogg; 1 February 1931 – 23 April 2007) was a Soviet and Russian politician wh ...
is elected as the first ever elected president of the
Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Russian SFSR or RSFSR ( rus, Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика, Rossíyskaya Sovétskaya Federatívnaya Soci ...
. ** European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) founded. * May 30George H. W. Bush and Mikhail Gorbachev begin a four-day summit meeting in Washington, D.C.


June

* June – Joanne Rowling gets the idea for Harry Potter while on a train from
Manchester Manchester () is a city in Greater Manchester, England. It had a population of 552,000 in 2021. It is bordered by the Cheshire Plain to the south, the Pennines to the north and east, and the neighbouring city of Salford to the west. The ...
to London Euston railway station. She begins writing '' Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone'' which will be completed in 1995 and published in 1997. *
June 1 Events Pre-1600 * 1215 – Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Zhongdu. *1252 – Alfonso X is proclaimed ki ...
**
Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because t ...
: U.S. President George H. W. Bush and Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev sign a treaty to end chemical weapon production and begin destroying their respective stocks. ** Members of the Provisional Irish Republican Army shoot and kill Major Michael Dillon-Lee and Private William Robert Davies of the
British Army The British Army is the principal land warfare force of the United Kingdom, a part of the British Armed Forces along with the Royal Navy and the Royal Air Force. , the British Army comprises 79,380 regular full-time personnel, 4,090 Gurkha ...
. Dillon-Lee is killed outside his home in Dortmund, Germany and Davies is killed at a railway station in Lichfield, England. * June 2 – The Lower Ohio Valley tornado outbreak spawns 88 confirmed tornadoes in Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio, killing 12; 37 tornadoes occur in Indiana, eclipsing the previous record of 21 during the Super Outbreak of April 1974. * June 4 – Violence breaks out in the Kirghiz SSR between the majority Kyrgyz people and minority Uzbeks over the distribution of homestead land. * June 7 ** Metropolitan Alexy of Leningrad is elected Russian Orthodox Patriarch of Moscow and all Rus'. *
June 8 Events Pre-1600 * 218 – Battle of Antioch: With the support of the Syrian legions, Elagabalus defeats the forces of emperor Macrinus. * 452 – Attila leads a Hun army in the invasion of Italy, devastating the northern provinces ...
** The 1990 FIFA World Cup begins in Italy. This was the first broadcast of digital HDTV in history; Europe would not begin HDTV broadcasting en masse until 2004. ** Prime Minister of Israel Yitzhak Shamir ends 88 days with only an acting government by forming a coalition of right-wing and religious parties led by Shamir's
Likud Likud ( he, הַלִּיכּוּד, HaLikud, The Consolidation), officially known as Likud – National Liberal Movement, is a major centre-right to right-wing political party in Israel. It was founded in 1973 by Menachem Begin and Ariel S ...
party. *
June 8 Events Pre-1600 * 218 – Battle of Antioch: With the support of the Syrian legions, Elagabalus defeats the forces of emperor Macrinus. * 452 – Attila leads a Hun army in the invasion of Italy, devastating the northern provinces ...
9 – In the Czechoslovakian parliamentary election,
Czechoslovakia , rue, Чеськословеньско, , yi, טשעכאסלאוואקיי, , common_name = Czechoslovakia , life_span = 1918–19391945–1992 , p1 = Austria-Hungary , image_p1 ...
's first free election since 1946, the Civic Forum wins the most seats but fails to secure a majority. * June 9 – '' Mega Borg'' oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico near Galveston, Texas. * June 10 **
Alberto Fujimori Alberto Kenya Fujimori Inomoto ( or ; born 28 July 1938) is a Peruvian politician, professor and former engineer who was President of Peru from 28 July 1990 until 22 November 2000. Frequently described as a dictator, * * * * * * he remains a ...
is elected President of Peru; he takes office on July 28. ** First round of the Bulgarian Constitutional Assembly election sees the Bulgarian Socialist Party win a majority. The second round of voting is held June 17. * June 11Sri Lankan Civil War: The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam massacre over 600 unarmed police officers in the Eastern Province. * June 12 **
Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because t ...
: The Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian Federation formally declares its sovereignty. ** In the Algerian local elections,
Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , relig ...
's first multiparty election since 1962, the
Islamic Salvation Front The Islamic Salvation Front ( ar, الجبهة الإسلامية للإنقاذ, al-Jabhah al-Islāmiyah lil-Inqādh; french: Front Islamique du Salut, FIS) was an Islamist political party in Algeria. The party had two major leaders represent ...
wins control of more than half of municipalities and 32 of Algeria's 48 provinces. * June 13
Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because t ...
– The destruction of the Berlin Wall by
East Germany East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR; german: Deutsche Demokratische Republik, , DDR, ), was a country that existed from its creation on 7 October 1949 until German reunification, its dissolution on 3 October 1990. In t ...
officially starts, 7 months after it was opened the previous November. * June 1315
June 1990 Mineriad The June 1990 Mineriad was the suppression of anti- National Salvation Front (FSN) rioting in Bucharest, Romania by the physical intervention of groups of industrial workers as well as coal miners from the Jiu Valley, brought to Bucharest by the ...
: Clashes break out in
Bucharest Bucharest ( , ; ro, București ) is the capital and largest city of Romania, as well as its cultural, industrial, and financial centre. It is located in the southeast of the country, on the banks of the Dâmbovița River, less than north o ...
between supporters and opponents of the ruling National Salvation Front. * June 141990 Panay earthquake: An earthquake measuring struck
Panay Island Panay is the sixth-largest and fourth-most populous island in the Philippines, with a total land area of and has a total population of 4,542,926 as of 2020 census. Panay comprises 4.4 percent of the entire population of the country. The City ...
in the
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
, killing 8 and injuring 41. * June 15Dublin Regulation on treatment of applications for right of asylum under European Union law agreed (comes into force 1997). *
June 17 Events Pre-1600 * 653 – Pope Martin I is arrested and taken to Constantinople, due to his opposition to monothelitism. *1242 – Following the Disputation of Paris, twenty-four carriage loads of Jewish religious manuscripts were bur ...
30Nelson Mandela tours North America, visiting 3 Canadian and 8 U.S. cities. * June 19 – The Communist Party of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic holds its inaugural conference in Moscow. * June 21 – The 7.4 Manjil–Rudbar earthquake affects northern
Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
with a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (''Extreme''), killing 35,000–50,000, and injuring 60,000–105,000. * June 22
Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because t ...
: Checkpoint Charlie is dismantled. * June 23 – In Canada, the Meech Lake Accord of 1987 dies after the
Manitoba Manitoba ( ) is a Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Canada at the Centre of Canada, longitudinal centre of the country. It is Canada's Population of Canada by province and territory, fifth-most populous province, with a population o ...
and Newfoundland legislatures fail to approve it ahead of the deadline. * June 24
Kathleen Margaret Brown Kathleen Margaret Brown was the first woman in the Church of Ireland to be ordained to full-time ministry. Brown was curate under Brian Courtney at St. Nicholas', Carrickfergus, and remained in the parish from 1988 until 1992 when she was inst ...
and Irene Templeton are ordained as priests in St Anne's Cathedral in
Belfast Belfast ( , ; from ga, Béal Feirste , meaning 'mouth of the sand-bank ford') is the capital and largest city of Northern Ireland, standing on the banks of the River Lagan on the east coast. It is the 12th-largest city in the United Kingdom ...
, becoming the first female Anglican priests in the United Kingdom.


July

* July 1German reunification:
East Germany East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR; german: Deutsche Demokratische Republik, , DDR, ), was a country that existed from its creation on 7 October 1949 until German reunification, its dissolution on 3 October 1990. In t ...
and West Germany merge their economies, the West German Deutsche Mark becoming the official currency of the East also. The Inner German border (constructed 1945) also ceases to function. * July 2 **
1990 Hajj stampede On 3 July 1990, 1,426 people were suffocated and trampled to death in a tunnel near Mecca during the Hajj.(24 Sep 2015)More than 700 pilgrims die in crush in worst haj disaster for 25 years, ''Reuters'' Event The incident occurred inside a 5 ...
: A stampede in a pedestrian tunnel leading to
Mecca Mecca (; officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, commonly shortened to Makkah ()) is a city and administrative center of the Mecca Province of Saudi Arabia, and the holiest city in Islam. It is inland from Jeddah on the Red Sea, in a narrow v ...
kills 1,426. ** A U.S. District Court acquits Imelda Marcos on racketeering and fraud charges. * July 5 – In
Kenya ) , national_anthem = " Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu"() , image_map = , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Nairobi , coordinates = , largest_city = Nairobi , ...
, riots erupt against the Kenya African National Union's monopoly on power. * July 6 ** President of Bulgaria Petar Mladenov resigns over accusations that he ordered tanks to disperse anti-government protests in December
1989 File:1989 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The Cypress Street Viaduct, Cypress structure collapses as a result of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, killing motorists below; The proposal document for the World Wide Web is submitted; The Exxo ...
. **
Somali Somali may refer to: Horn of Africa * Somalis, an inhabitant or ethnicity associated with Greater Somali Region ** Proto-Somali, the ancestors of modern Somalis ** Somali culture ** Somali cuisine ** Somali language, a Cushitic language ** Somali ...
President Siad Barre's bodyguards massacre anti-government demonstrators during a soccer match; 65 people are killed, more than 300 seriously injured. * July 78 – In tennis, Martina Navratilova of the United States wins the
1990 Wimbledon Championships – Women's singles Martina Navratilova defeated Zina Garrison in the final, 6–4, 6–1 to win the ladies' singles tennis title at the 1990 Wimbledon Championships. It was her ninth Wimbledon singles title and 18th and final major singles title overall, tying Ch ...
and
Stefan Edberg Stefan Bengt Edberg (; born 19 January 1966) is a Swedish former professional tennis player. A major proponent of the serve-and-volley style of tennis, he won six Grand Slam singles titles and three Grand Slam men's doubles titles between 19 ...
of Sweden wins the
1990 Wimbledon Championships – Men's singles Stefan Edberg defeated the defending champion Boris Becker in the final, 6–2, 6–2, 3–6, 3–6, 6–4 to win the gentlemen's singles tennis title at the 1990 Wimbledon Championships. Seeds Ivan Lendl ''(semifinals)'' Boris Becker ''( ...
. * July 81990 FIFA World Cup Final (Association football):
West Germany West Germany is the colloquial term used to indicate the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG; german: Bundesrepublik Deutschland , BRD) between its formation on 23 May 1949 and the German reunification through the accession of East Germany on 3 ...
defeats
Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest ...
1–0 to win the 1990 FIFA World Cup. * July 911 – The
16th G7 summit The 16th G7 Summit was held at Houston between July 9 and 11, 1990. The venue for the summit meetings was the campus of Rice University and other locations nearby in the Houston Museum District.Japan, Ministry of Foreign Affairs ( MOFA) Summit M ...
is held in Houston, Texas. * July 11 – Terrorists blow up a passenger bus travelling from
Kalbajar Kalbajar ( az, Kəlbəcər , ) is a city and the capital of the Kalbajar District of Azerbaijan. Located on the Tartar river valley, it is away from the capital Baku. The city had a population of 7,246 before its capture by Armenian forces on 2 ...
to
Tartar Tartar may refer to: Places * Tartar (river), a river in Azerbaijan * Tartar, Switzerland, a village in the Grisons * Tərtər, capital of Tartar District, Azerbaijan * Tartar District, Azerbaijan * Tartar Island, South Shetland Islands, A ...
in Azerbaijan. 14 people are killed, 35 wounded. *
July 12 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – The armies of Titus attack the walls of Jerusalem after a six-month siege. Three days later they breach the walls, which enables the army to destroy the Second Temple. * 927 – King Constantine I ...
– '' Foster v British Gas plc'' decided in the European Court of Justice, a leading case on the definition of the "state" under European law. * July 13 – The
Lenin Peak disaster The Lenin Peak disaster occurred on 13 July 1990 when 43 climbers were killed during an avalanche on the 7,134-meter-high mountain peak in northeast Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan (then part of the USSR). The deadly avalanche was triggered by a mo ...
occurs when an earthquake triggers an avalanche in the Pamir Mountains with the loss of 43 lives. * July 161990 Luzon earthquake: An earthquake measuring kills more than 2,400 in the
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
. * July 22 – First round of the Mongolian legislative election, the first multiparty ever held in
Mongolia Mongolia; Mongolian script: , , ; lit. "Mongol Nation" or "State of Mongolia" () is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south. It covers an area of , with a population of just 3.3 million ...
; the
Mongolian People's Party The Mongolian People's Party (MPP) is a social democratic political party in Mongolia. It was founded as a communist party in 1920 by Mongolian revolutionaries and is the oldest political party in Mongolia. The party played an important role ...
wins by a wide margin after the second round of voting on July 29. *
July 25 Events Pre-1600 * 306 – Constantine I is proclaimed Roman emperor by his troops. * 315 – The Arch of Constantine is completed near the Colosseum in Rome to commemorate Constantine I's victory over Maxentius at the Milvian Bridge ...
**
George Carey George Leonard Carey, Baron Carey of Clifton (born 13 November 1935) is a retired Anglican bishop who was the Archbishop of Canterbury from 1991 to 2002, having previously been the Bishop of Bath and Wells. During his time as archbishop the C ...
, Bishop of Bath and Wells, is named as the new Archbishop of Canterbury in the Church of England. ** The Serb Democratic Party (Croatia) declares the sovereignty of the
Serbs The Serbs ( sr-Cyr, Срби, Srbi, ) are the most numerous South Slavs, South Slavic ethnic group native to the Balkans in Southeastern Europe, who share a common Serbian Cultural heritage, ancestry, Culture of Serbia, culture, History of ...
in
Croatia , image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg , image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg , anthem = " Lijepa naša domovino"("Our Beautiful Homeland") , image_map = , map_caption = , capi ...
. ** Roseanne Barr infamously sings " The Star-Spangled Banner" extremely poorly, causing controversy. *
July 26 Events Pre-1600 * 657 – First Fitna: In the Battle of Siffin, troops led by Ali ibn Abu Talib clash with those led by Muawiyah I. * 811 – Battle of Pliska: Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros I is killed and his heir Staurakios is seriou ...
– U.S. President George H. W. Bush signs the Americans with Disabilities Act, designed to protect disabled Americans from discrimination. * July 27 ** The parliament building and a government television house in Port of Spain,
Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago (, ), officially the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, is the southernmost island country in the Caribbean. Consisting of the main islands Trinidad and Tobago, and numerous much smaller islands, it is situated south of ...
are stormed by the Jamaat al Muslimeen in a
coup d'état A coup d'état (; French for 'stroke of state'), also known as a coup or overthrow, is a seizure and removal of a government and its powers. Typically, it is an illegal seizure of power by a political faction, politician, cult, rebel group, m ...
attempt which lasts five days. Approximately 26 to 30 people are killed and several are wounded (including the
prime minister A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister is ...
, A. N. R. Robinson, who is shot in the leg). **
Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because t ...
:
Belarus Belarus,, , ; alternatively and formerly known as Byelorussia (from Russian ). officially the Republic of Belarus,; rus, Республика Беларусь, Respublika Belarus. is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by ...
declares its sovereignty, a key step toward independence from the
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...
. * July 28
Alberto Fujimori Alberto Kenya Fujimori Inomoto ( or ; born 28 July 1938) is a Peruvian politician, professor and former engineer who was President of Peru from 28 July 1990 until 22 November 2000. Frequently described as a dictator, * * * * * * he remains a ...
becomes president of
Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = National seal , national_motto = "Firm and Happy f ...
. *
July 30 Events Pre-1600 * 762 – Baghdad is founded. * 1419 – First Defenestration of Prague: A crowd of radical Hussites kill seven members of the Prague city council. * 1502 – Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay Is ...
– British politician and former Member of Parliament
Ian Gow Ian Reginald Edward Gow (; 11 February 1937 – 30 July 1990) was a British politician and solicitor. As a member of the Conservative Party, he served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Eastbourne from 1974 until his assassination by the P ...
is assassinated by a Provisional Irish Republican Army car bomb outside his home in England.


August

* August 1 ** The National Assembly of Bulgaria elects Zhelyu Zhelev as the first non-Communist President of Bulgaria in 40 years. ** RELCOM is created in the
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...
by combining several computer networks. Later in August, the Soviet Union got its first connection to the
Internet The Internet (or internet) is the global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is a '' network of networks'' that consists of private, p ...
. *
August 2 Events Pre-1600 * 338 BC – A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Battle of Chaeronea, securing Macedonian hegemony in Greece and the Aegean. * 216 BC – The Carthaginian ...
** Gulf War:
Iraq Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...
invades Kuwait, eventually leading to the Gulf War. ** The first ban of smoking in bars in the US (and possibly the world) is passed in San Luis Obispo, California. * August 6 ** Gulf War: The
United Nations Security Council The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN) and is charged with ensuring international peace and security, recommending the admission of new UN members to the General Assembly, ...
orders a global trade embargo against
Iraq Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...
in response to its invasion of
Kuwait Kuwait (; ar, الكويت ', or ), officially the State of Kuwait ( ar, دولة الكويت '), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated in the northern edge of Eastern Arabia at the tip of the Persian Gulf, bordering Iraq to Iraq–Ku ...
. ** President of Pakistan Ghulam Ishaq Khan dismisses
Prime Minister of Pakistan The prime minister of Pakistan ( ur, , romanized: Wazīr ē Aʿẓam , ) is the head of government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Executive authority is vested in the prime minister and his chosen cabinet, despite the president of Pak ...
Benazir Bhutto, accusing her of corruption and abuse of power. ** The South African government and ANC begin talks on ending Apartheid in South Africa. * August 7 ** U.S. President Bush orders U.S. combat planes and troops to
Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia, officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), is a country in Western Asia. It covers the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula, and has a land area of about , making it the fifth-largest country in Asia, the second-largest in the Ara ...
to prevent a possible attack by Iraq. ** Prime Minister of India
V. P. Singh Vishwanath Pratap Singh (25 June 1931 – 27 November 2008), shortened to V. P. Singh, was an Indian politician who was the 7th Prime Minister of India from 1989 to 1990 and the 41st Raja Bahadur of Manda. He is India's only prime minister to ...
announces plan to reserve 49% of civil service jobs for lower- caste Hindus. The plan triggers riots, leaving at least 70 dead by September. * August 8 ** Iraq announces its formal annexation of Kuwait. ** The government of
Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = National seal , national_motto = "Firm and Happy f ...
announces an austerity plan that results in huge increases in the price of food and gasoline. The plan sets off days of rioting and a national strike on August 21. * August 10 **
Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning the North Africa, northeast corner of Africa and Western Asia, southwest corner of Asia via a land bridg ...
,
Syria Syria ( ar, سُورِيَا or سُورِيَة, translit=Sūriyā), officially the Syrian Arab Republic ( ar, الجمهورية العربية السورية, al-Jumhūrīyah al-ʻArabīyah as-Sūrīyah), is a Western Asian country loc ...
, and 10 other Arab states vote to send military forces to Saudi Arabia to discourage an invasion from Iraq. ** A passenger bus, traveling along the route "Tbilisi-Agdam", is blown up; 20 people died and 30 were injured. The organizers of the crime were
Armenians Armenians ( hy, հայեր, ''hayer'' ) are an ethnic group native to the Armenian highlands of Western Asia. Armenians constitute the main population of Armenia and the ''de facto'' independent Artsakh. There is a wide-ranging diaspora ...
A. Avanesian and M. Tatevosian who were brought to criminal trial. * August 12 ** In South Africa, fighting breaks out between the Xhosa people and the Zulu people; more than 500 people are killed by the end of August. **" Sue", the best preserved '' Tyrannosaurus rex'' specimen ever found, is discovered near Faith, South Dakota by Sue Hendrickson. *
August 19 Events Pre-1600 *295 BC – The first temple to Venus, the Roman goddess of love, beauty and fertility, is dedicated by Quintus Fabius Maximus Gurges during the Third Samnite War. *43 BC – Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus, later known ...
Leonard Bernstein conducts his final concert, ending with
Ludwig van Beethoven Ludwig van Beethoven (baptised 17 December 177026 March 1827) was a German composer and pianist. Beethoven remains one of the most admired composers in the history of Western music; his works rank amongst the most performed of the classic ...
's Symphony No. 7 performed by the Boston Symphony Orchestra. * August 21Gambia, Ghana, Guinea,
Nigeria Nigeria ( ), , ig, Naìjíríyà, yo, Nàìjíríà, pcm, Naijá , ff, Naajeeriya, kcg, Naijeriya officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country in West Africa. It is situated between the Sahel to the north and the Gulf o ...
, and Sierra Leone send peacekeepers to intervene in the First Liberian Civil War. * August 22 – U.S. President Bush calls up U.S. military reservists for service in the Persian Gulf Crisis. * August 23
East Germany East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR; german: Deutsche Demokratische Republik, , DDR, ), was a country that existed from its creation on 7 October 1949 until German reunification, its dissolution on 3 October 1990. In t ...
and
West Germany West Germany is the colloquial term used to indicate the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG; german: Bundesrepublik Deutschland , BRD) between its formation on 23 May 1949 and the German reunification through the accession of East Germany on 3 ...
announce they will unite on October 3. *
August 24 Events Pre-1600 * 367 – Gratian, son of Roman Emperor Valentinian I, is named co-Augustus at the age of eight by his father. * 394 – The Graffito of Esmet-Akhom, the latest known inscription in Egyptian hieroglyphs, is writte ...
** The Armenian SSR declares its independence from the
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...
. **
Northern Ireland Northern Ireland ( ga, Tuaisceart Éireann ; sco, label=Ulster Scots dialect, Ulster-Scots, Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom, situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland, that is #Descriptions, variously described as ...
writer Brian Keenan is released from Lebanon after being held hostage for nearly 5 years. ** Indonesian commercial television network SCTV was established as the nation's third television station after RCTI, and also debuted as local television channel in
Surabaya Surabaya ( jv, ꦱꦸꦫꦧꦪ or jv, ꦯꦹꦫꦨꦪ; ; ) is the capital city of the Indonesian province of East Java and the second-largest city in Indonesia, after Jakarta. Located on the northeastern border of Java island, on the M ...
. During its earlier days, SCTV was the rival for RCTI, the first commercial television network. SCTV began broadcasting nationwide from Jakarta by January 29, 1991. * August 26 – In Sofia, protesters set fire to the headquarters of the governing Bulgarian Socialist Party. *
August 28 Events Pre-1600 * 475 – The Roman general Orestes forces western Roman Emperor Julius Nepos to flee his capital city, Ravenna. * 489 – Theodoric, king of the Ostrogoths, defeats Odoacer at the Battle of Isonzo, forcing his way ...
– The
Plainfield Tornado The 1990 Plainfield tornado was a devastating tornado that occurred on the afternoon of Tuesday, August 28, 1990. The violent tornado killed 29 people and injured 353. It is the only F5/EF5 rated tornado ever recorded in August in the United Stat ...
(F5 on the Fujita scale) strikes the towns of Plainfield, Crest Hill, and
Joliet, Illinois Joliet ( ) is a city in Will and Kendall counties in the U.S. state of Illinois, southwest of Chicago. It is the county seat of Will County. At the 2020 census, the city was the third-largest in Illinois, with a population of 150,362. His ...
, killing 29 people (the strongest tornado to date to strike the Chicago metropolitan area).


September

* September 110
Pope John Paul II Pope John Paul II ( la, Ioannes Paulus II; it, Giovanni Paolo II; pl, Jan Paweł II; born Karol Józef Wojtyła ; 18 May 19202 April 2005) was the head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 1978 until his ...
visits
Tanzania Tanzania (; ), officially the United Republic of Tanzania ( sw, Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania), is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region. It borders Uganda to the north; Kenya to the northeast; Comoro Islands ...
, Burundi, Rwanda and Ivory Coast. *
September 2 Events Pre-1600 *44 BC – Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesarion. * 44 BC – Cicero launches the first of his '' Philippicae'' (oratorical attacks) on Mark Antony. He will make 14 of t ...
Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because t ...
: Transnistria declares its independence from the
Moldavian SSR The Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic ( ro, Republica Sovietică Socialistă Moldovenească, Moldovan Cyrillic: ) was one of the 15  republics of the Soviet Union which existed from 1940 to 1991. The republic was formed on 2 August 1940 ...
; however, the declaration is not recognized by any government. * September 4Geoffrey Palmer resigns as
Prime Minister of New Zealand The prime minister of New Zealand ( mi, Te pirimia o Aotearoa) is the head of government of New Zealand. The prime minister, Jacinda Ardern, leader of the New Zealand Labour Party, took office on 26 October 2017. The prime minister (inf ...
and is replaced by Mike Moore. * September 46Premier of North Korea Yon Hyong-muk meets with
President of South Korea The president of the Republic of Korea (), also known as the president of South Korea (often abbreviated to POTROK or POSK; ), is the head of state and head of government of the Republic of Korea. The president leads the State Council, and ...
Roh Tae-woo, the highest level contact between leaders of the two Koreas since 1945. * September 5Sri Lankan Civil War: Sri Lankan Army soldiers massacre 158 civilians. * September 6 – In
Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John Wells explai ...
, the State Law and Order Restoration Council orders the arrest of Aung San Suu Kyi and five other political dissidents. * September 9 ** U.S. President Bush and Soviet President Gorbachev meet in Helsinki to discuss the Persian Gulf crisis. ** First Liberian Civil War: Liberian president Samuel Doe is captured by rebel leader Prince Johnson and killed in a filmed execution. ** Sri Lankan Civil War: Sri Lankan Army soldiers massacre 184 civilians in Batticaloa. * September 10 – The first
Pizza Hut Pizza Hut is an American multinational restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 in Wichita, Kansas by Dan and Frank Carney. They serve their signature pan pizza and other dishes including pasta, breadsticks and desse ...
opens up in the
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...
. * September 11 ** Gulf War: U.S. President George H. W. Bush delivers a nationally televised speech in which he threatens the use of force to remove Iraqi soldiers from
Kuwait Kuwait (; ar, الكويت ', or ), officially the State of Kuwait ( ar, دولة الكويت '), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated in the northern edge of Eastern Arabia at the tip of the Persian Gulf, bordering Iraq to Iraq–Ku ...
. ** First
Pizza Hut Pizza Hut is an American multinational restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 in Wichita, Kansas by Dan and Frank Carney. They serve their signature pan pizza and other dishes including pasta, breadsticks and desse ...
opens in the People's Republic of China, nearly 3 years after the first KFC opened there in 1987. * September 12 **
Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because t ...
: The two German states and the Four Powers sign the Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany in Moscow, paving the way for German reunification. ** A judge in Australia orders the arrest of media tycoon
Christopher Skase Christopher Charles Skase (18 September 19485 August 2001) was an Australian businessman who later became one of his country's most wanted fugitives, after his business empire crashed spectacularly and he fled to Majorca, Spain. Early life S ...
, former owner of the
Seven Network The Seven Network (commonly known as Channel Seven or simply Seven) is a major Australian commercial free-to-air Television broadcasting in Australia, television network. It is owned by Seven West Media, Seven West Media Limited, and is one of ...
, after he fails to give evidence in a liquidator's examination of failed shipbuilding company Lloyds Ships Holdings, an associate of Skase's
Qintex Qintex Limited was an Australian financial services company founded in 1975 as Takeovers, Equities & Management Securities (TEAM). It was renamed Qintex Limited and came to prominence in 1986, collapsing five years later in 1991. Its main share ...
Australia Ltd. * September 17 – In what is now regarded as a landmark event in regards to women in journalism, reporter Lisa Olson was sexually harassed by multiple New England Patriots players while trying to conduct a locker room interview. * September 18 ** The
International Olympic Committee The International Olympic Committee (IOC; french: link=no, Comité international olympique, ''CIO'') is a non-governmental sports organisation based in Lausanne, Switzerland. It is constituted in the form of an association under the Swis ...
awards the
1996 Summer Olympics The 1996 Summer Olympics (officially the Games of the XXVI Olympiad, also known as Atlanta 1996 and commonly referred to as the Centennial Olympic Games) were an international multi-sport event held from July 19 to August 4, 1996, in Atlanta, ...
to
Atlanta Atlanta ( ) is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Georgia. It is the seat of Fulton County, the most populous county in Georgia, but its territory falls in both Fulton and DeKalb counties. With a population of 498,7 ...
. ** Provisional Irish Republican Army assassination attempt on the life of Air Chief Marshal Sir Peter Terry at his home near Stafford, England. Hit by at least 9 bullets, the former Governor of Gibraltar survives, as does his wife, Lady Betty Terry, who is also shot (most likely by accident). * September 24 – The Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union grants Gorbachev special powers for 18 months to secure the Soviet Union's transition to a market economy. * September 27David Souter is confirmed to serve on the Supreme Court, replacing retiring Justice William Brennan. * September 29 ** Washington, D.C.'s National Cathedral is finished. ** The Tampere Hall, the largest concert and congress center in the Nordic countries, was inaugurated in
Tampere Tampere ( , , ; sv, Tammerfors, ) is a city in the Pirkanmaa region, located in the western part of Finland. Tampere is the most populous inland city in the Nordic countries. It has a population of 244,029; the urban area has a population ...
,
Finland Finland ( fi, Suomi ; sv, Finland ), officially the Republic of Finland (; ), is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It shares land borders with Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of Bot ...
. * September 2930 – The
United Nations The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmoni ...
World Summit for Children draws more than 70 world leaders to United Nations Headquarters.


October

* October – Tim Berners-Lee begins his work on the World Wide Web, 19 months after his seminal
1989 File:1989 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The Cypress Street Viaduct, Cypress structure collapses as a result of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, killing motorists below; The proposal document for the World Wide Web is submitted; The Exxo ...
outline of what would become the Web concept. * October 1 – The rebel
Rwandan Patriotic Front The Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF–Inkotanyi, french: Front patriotique rwandais, FPR) is the ruling political party in Rwanda. Led by President Paul Kagame, the party has governed the country since its armed wing defeated government forces, winn ...
invades Rwanda from
Uganda }), is a landlocked country in East Africa. The country is bordered to the east by Kenya, to the north by South Sudan, to the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, to the south-west by Rwanda, and to the south by Tanzania. The ...
, marking the start of the
Rwandan Civil War The Rwandan Civil War was a large-scale civil war in Rwanda which was fought between the Rwandan Armed Forces, representing the country's government, and the rebel Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) from 1October 1990 to 18 July 1994. The war aro ...
. *
October 2 Events Pre-1600 * 829 – Theophilos succeeds his father Michael II as Byzantine Emperor. * 939 – Battle of Andernach: Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor, crushes a rebellion against his rule, by a coalition of Eberhard of Franconia and ...
– According to The Civil Aviation of China, two commercial planes collide on the runway at the Baiyun Airport of Guangzhou, Guangdong Province,
China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, most populous country, with a Population of China, population exceeding 1.4 billion, slig ...
. The total death toll is 128; 53 people were wounded, 97 were rescued. * October 3
Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because t ...
:
East Germany East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR; german: Deutsche Demokratische Republik, , DDR, ), was a country that existed from its creation on 7 October 1949 until German reunification, its dissolution on 3 October 1990. In t ...
and West Germany reunify into a single Germany. * October 4
Moro conflict The Moro conflict is an insurgency in the Mindanao region of the Philippines, which has involved multiple armed groups, and has been ongoing since March 1968. Peace deals have been signed between the Philippine government and two major ar ...
: Rebel forces seize two military posts on the island of
Mindanao Mindanao ( ) ( Jawi: مينداناو) is the second-largest island in the Philippines, after Luzon, and seventh-most populous island in the world. Located in the southern region of the archipelago, the island is part of an island group of ...
,
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
before surrendering on October 6. * October 8 ** Israeli–Palestinian conflict: In
Jerusalem Jerusalem (; he, יְרוּשָׁלַיִם ; ar, القُدس ) (combining the Biblical and common usage Arabic names); grc, Ἱερουσαλήμ/Ἰεροσόλυμα, Hierousalḗm/Hierosóluma; hy, Երուսաղեմ, Erusałēm. i ...
,
Israel Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
i police kill 17 Palestinians and wound over 100 near the Dome of the Rock mosque on the Temple Mount. ** Globalization: The first
McDonald's McDonald's Corporation is an American multinational fast food chain, founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States. They rechristened their business as a hambur ...
restaurant is opened in
Mainland China "Mainland China" is a geopolitical term defined as the territory governed by the China, People's Republic of China (including islands like Hainan or Chongming Island, Chongming), excluding dependent territories of the PRC, and other territorie ...
in
Shenzhen Shenzhen (; ; ; ), also historically known as Sham Chun, is a major sub-provincial city and one of the special economic zones of China. The city is located on the east bank of the Pearl River estuary on the central coast of southern provi ...
, near Hong Kong. Since 1979, Shenzhen has been a Special economic zone. * October 13
Lebanese Civil War The Lebanese Civil War ( ar, الحرب الأهلية اللبنانية, translit=Al-Ḥarb al-Ahliyyah al-Libnāniyyah) was a multifaceted armed conflict that took place from 1975 to 1990. It resulted in an estimated 120,000 fatalities a ...
:
Syria Syria ( ar, سُورِيَا or سُورِيَة, translit=Sūriyā), officially the Syrian Arab Republic ( ar, الجمهورية العربية السورية, al-Jumhūrīyah al-ʻArabīyah as-Sūrīyah), is a Western Asian country loc ...
n military forces invade and occupy Mount Lebanon, ousting General Michel Aoun's government. This effectively consolidates Syria's 14 year occupation of Lebanese soil. *
October 14 Events Pre-1600 *1066 – The Norman conquest of England begins with the Battle of Hastings. *1322 – Robert the Bruce of Scotland defeats King Edward II of England at the Battle of Old Byland, forcing Edward to accept Scotland's ...
– Composer and conductor Leonard Bernstein dies of a heart attack at his home in New York City at the age of 72. * October 15 **
Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because t ...
: Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev is awarded the
Nobel Peace Prize The Nobel Peace Prize is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Swedish industrialist, inventor and armaments (military weapons and equipment) manufacturer Alfred Nobel, along with the prizes in Chemistry, Physics, Physiolo ...
for his efforts to lessen
Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because t ...
tensions and reform his nation. ** South Africa ends segregation of libraries, trains, buses, toilets, swimming pools, and other public facilities. * October 17 ** North Kalimantan Communist Party insurgents sign a peace agreement which formally ends 28 years of Sarawak Communist insurgency in Malaysia. ** A major financial service of
Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-ei ...
, VTB Bank is founded in Russia SSR, former part of
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...
, as predecessor name was Vneshtorg Bank. * October 21 – The remains of the former Estonian head of state, Konstantin Päts, found in the
Tver Tver ( rus, Тверь, p=tvʲerʲ) is a city and the administrative centre of Tver Oblast, Russia. It is northwest of Moscow. Population: Tver was formerly the capital of a powerful medieval state and a model provincial town in the Russi ...
region in Russia, are brought to Tallinn and buried at state expense in the Metsakalmistu cemetery. * October 22 – Nizhny Novgorod restores its official name from Gorky, Volga Federal District,
Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-ei ...
. * October 24 ** In the 1990 Pakistani general election, Pakistani general election, Prime Minister Bhutto's Pakistan Peoples Party loses power to a center-right coalition government led by the Islami Jamhoori Ittehad party. ** Italian Prime Minister Giulio Andreotti reveals the existence of Operation Gladio, a clandestine North Atlantic Treaty Organisation, NATO "stay-behind" operation in
Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...
during the
Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because t ...
. * October 27 **
Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because t ...
: The Supreme Soviet of the Kirghiz SSR selects Askar Akayev as the republic's first President of Kyrgyzstan, president. ** The New Zealand National Party wins the 1990 New Zealand general election, New Zealand general election, and its leader, Jim Bolger, becomes prime minister. * October 29 – In Norway, the government headed by Prime Minister of Norway Jan P. Syse collapses. * October 30 – The first transatlantic fiber optic cable TAT-8 fails, causing a slowdown of Internet traffic between the United States and Europe.


November

* November – The earliest known portable digital camera sold in the United States ships. * November 7 – Mary Robinson defeats odds-on favorite Brian Lenihan Snr, Brian Lenihan to become the first female President of Ireland. * November 2 – British Satellite Broadcasting and Sky Television (1984–1990), Sky Television plc merge to form BSkyB as a result of massive losses. * November 3 – Gro Harlem Brundtland assumes office as Prime Minister of Norway. * November 5 – Rabbi Meir Kahane, founder of the far-right Kach and Kahane Chai, Kach movement, is shot dead after a speech at a New York City hotel. * November 6 – Nawaz Sharif is sworn in as the
Prime Minister of Pakistan The prime minister of Pakistan ( ur, , romanized: Wazīr ē Aʿẓam , ) is the head of government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Executive authority is vested in the prime minister and his chosen cabinet, despite the president of Pak ...
. * November 7 ** Indian Prime Minister Singh resigns over losing a confidence vote in the Parliament of India, having lost the support of Hindus who want a
Muslim Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abrah ...
mosque in Ayodhya torn down to build a Hindu temple. ** The 1990 October Revolution Parade, final military parade to mark the anniversary of the October Revolution, Great October Socialist Revolution takes place in the USSR. * November 9 ** A new constitution comes into effect in the Kingdom of Nepal, establishing multiparty democracy and constitutional monarchy; this is the culmination of the 1990 People's Movement. ** The Parliament of Singapore enacts the Maintenance of Religious Harmony Act. * November 10 – Chandra Shekhar becomes Prime Minister of India as head of a minority government. * November 12 ** Akihito is enthroned as the 125th emperor of Japan following the death of Hirohito, his father on January 7,
1989 File:1989 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The Cypress Street Viaduct, Cypress structure collapses as a result of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, killing motorists below; The proposal document for the World Wide Web is submitted; The Exxo ...
. ** Tim Berners-Lee publishes a more formal proposal for the World Wide Web. * November 13 ** The first known World Wide Web, web page is written. ** In New Zealand, David Gray kills 13 people in what will become known as the Aramoana massacre. * November 14 – Germany and Poland sign a German–Polish Border Treaty (1990), treaty confirming the border at the Oder–Neisse line. * November 15 **''STS-38'': Space Shuttle Atlantis, Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' is launched on a classified U.S. military mission. ** President Bush signed new Clean Air Act (United States), Clean Air Act, focused on urban pollution and cancer-causing emissions from industrial sources. * November 17 – Soviet President Gorbachev proposes a radical restructuring of the Soviet government, including the creation of a Federal Council to be made up of the heads of the 15 Republics of the Soviet Union, Soviet republics. * November 19–November 21, 21 – The leaders of Canada, the United States, and 32 European states meet in Paris to formally mark the end of the
Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because t ...
. * November 20 – Andrei Chikatilo, one of the Soviet Union's most prolific serial killers, is arrested in Novocherkassk. * November 21 ** Charter of Paris for a New Europe signed. ** Agreement for decriminalization of homosexual acts between consenting adults in Queensland, Australia. ** The Super Nintendo Entertainment System was released in Japan. * November 22 – Margaret Thatcher announces she will not contest the second ballot of the 1990 Conservative Party leadership election, leadership election for the Conservative Party (UK), Conservative Party. * November 25 – Lech Wałęsa and Stanisław Tymiński win the first round of the 1990 Polish presidential election, first Polish presidential election. * November 27 – Women's suffrage is introduced in the last Swiss half-canton of Appenzell Innerrhoden. * November 28 ** Prime Minister of Singapore Lee Kuan Yew resigns and is replaced by Goh Chok Tong. ** The first female Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Margaret Thatcher, resigns after 11 years and is replaced by John Major. * November 29 ** Gulf War: The
United Nations Security Council The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN) and is charged with ensuring international peace and security, recommending the admission of new UN members to the General Assembly, ...
passes United Nations Security Council Resolution 678, UN Security Council Resolution 678, authorizing military intervention in
Iraq Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...
if that state does not withdraw its forces from
Kuwait Kuwait (; ar, الكويت ', or ), officially the State of Kuwait ( ar, دولة الكويت '), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated in the northern edge of Eastern Arabia at the tip of the Persian Gulf, bordering Iraq to Iraq–Ku ...
and free all foreign hostages by Tuesday, January 15, 1991. ** Prime Minister of Bulgaria Andrey Lukanov and his government of former communists resign under pressure from strikes and street protests.


December

* December 1 ** Channel Tunnel workers from the United Kingdom and France meet 40 metres beneath the English Channel seabed, establishing the first land connection between Great Britain and the mainland of Europe for around 8,000 years. ** President of Chad Hissène Habré is deposed by the Patriotic Salvation Movement and replaced as president by its leader Idriss Déby. * December 2 – The 1990 German federal election, German federal election (the first election held since German reunification) is won by Helmut Kohl, who becomes Chancellor of Germany. * December 3 ** 1990 Wayne County Airport runway collision: At Detroit Metropolitan Airport, Northwest Airlines Flight 1482 (a McDonnell Douglas DC-9) collides with Northwest Airlines Flight 299 (a Boeing 727) on the runway, killing 8 passengers and 4 crew members. ** Mary Robinson begins her term as President of Ireland, becoming the first female to hold this office. * December 6 ** Saddam Hussein releases a group of Western hostages he captured. ** President Hussain Muhammad Ershad of Bangladesh is forced to resign following massive protests; he is replaced by Shahabuddin Ahmed, who becomes interim president. * December 7 ** In Brussels, trade talks fail because of a dispute between the U.S. and the European Union over farm export subsidies. ** The National Assembly of Bulgaria elects Dimitar Iliev Popov as Prime Minister of Bulgaria. * December 9 ** Slobodan Milošević elected President of Republic of Serbia (1990–2006), Serbia in first round, 1990 Serbian general election, general elections won by his Socialist Party. ** Lech Wałęsa wins the 2nd round of Poland's 1990 Polish presidential election, first presidential election. * December 11 – Fall of communism in Albania: Ramiz Alia, leader of the People's Socialist Republic of Albania, following massive demonstrations by students and workers, announces that a free national election will be held next spring of 1991 with political parties other than the Party of Labour of Albania, Party of Labour permitted; an opposition Democratic Party of Albania, Democratic Party is formed the following day. * December 11 A multi-vehicle traffic collision known as the 1990 Interstate 75 fog disaster occurs; 12 deaths and 42 were caused by this event * December 16 – Jean-Bertrand Aristide is Haitian general election, 1990–1991, elected president of Haiti, ending 3 decades of military rule. * December 20 ** Eduard Shevardnadze announces his resignation as Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Soviet Union), Soviet Minister of Foreign Affairs ** Tim Berners-Lee completes the test for the first webpage at CERN. * December 22 ** The first Constitution of Croatia, constitution of the Republic of Croatia is adopted. ** The Marshall Islands and Federated States of Micronesia become independent, following the termination of their trusteeship. ** The Polish government-in-exile is dissolved in London after being in exile since 1939. * December 23 – In the 1990 Slovenian independence referendum, Slovenian independence referendum, 88.5% of the overall electorate (94.8% of votes), with the turnout of 93.3%, support independence of the country. * December 24 – Ramsewak Shankar is ousted as President of Suriname, President of Suriname by a military coup. * December 25 – Russian aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov, Russian aircraft carrier ''Admiral Kuznetsov'' is commissioned. * December 31 – Russian Garry Kasparov holds his title by winning the World Chess Championship match against his countryman Anatoly Karpov.


World population


Births


January

*
January 1 January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the ye ...
– Xavier Avery, American baseball player * January 2 – Karel Abraham, Czech motorcycle racer * January 4 ** Toni Kroos, German footballer ** Alberto Paloschi, Italian footballer * January 5 ** Leroy Fer, Dutch footballer ** Yang Yo-seob, Yoseob, Korean pop singer * January 6 ** Sandro Cortese, German motorcycle racer ** Abhinav Mukund, Indian cricketer ** Alex Teixeira, Brazilian footballer ** Natalie Palamides, American voice actress known for ''The Powerpuff Girls (2016 TV series), The Powerpuff Girls'' * January 7 ** Fernando Dente, Argentine actor, singer, dancer, theater director and TV presenter ** Elene Gedevanishvili, Georgian figure skater ** Gregor Schlierenzauer, Austrian ski jumper * January 8 ** Robin Olsen, Swedish footballer ** Xu Xin (table tennis), Xu Xin, Chinese table tennis player ** Scott Pye, Australian professional racing driver * January 9 ** Todor Skrimov, Bulgarian male volleyball player ** Melissa Ricks, Filipino-American actress ** Son Ji-hyun, South Korean actress and singer * January 10 ** Facundo Gambandé, Argentine actor and singer ** Tao Li, Singaporean Olympic swimmer ** Renan Buiatti, Brazilian volleyball player ** Arthur Kisenyi, Ugandan actor, singer and musician ** Aishwarya Rajesh, Indian actress ** Mirko Bortolotti, Italian racing driver * January 11 – Ryan Griffin (tight end), Ryan Griffin, American footballer *
January 12 Events Pre-1600 * 475 – Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople, and his general, Basiliscus gains control of the empire. * 1528 – Gustav I of Sweden is crowned King of Sweden, having already rei ...
– Sergey Karjakin, Ukrainian chess player * January 13 – Liam Hemsworth, Australian actor * January 14 ** Grant Gustin, American actor and singer ** Áron Szilágyi, Hungarian fencer ** Mikee Lee, Filipino actor, model and host * January 15 ** Chris Warren (actor), Chris Warren, American actor ** Luke Willson, American football player * January 16 – Simon Porte Jacquemus, French fashion designer * January 17 – Tom Bosworth, British race walker * January 18 ** Nacho (footballer, born 1990), Nacho, Spanish footballer ** Gift Ngoepe, South African-born baseball player * January 21 ** George Finn, Georgian actor ** Kelly Rohrbach, American model and actress ** Jacob Smith (actor), Jacob Smith, American actor * January 22 ** Alizé Cornet, French tennis player ** Logic (rapper), Logic, American rapper, singer-songwriter, and record producer * January 23 – Artsem Mikhalenka, Belarusian singer * January 24 ** Mao Abe, Japanese singer-songwriter ** Ermin Bičakčić, Bosnian footballer * January 25 – Natalie Hall, Canadian actress * January 26 ** Rupan Bal, Canadian–Indian YouTuber, actor, director and comedian ** Kherington Payne, American dancer and actress ** Christopher Massey, American actor, comedian and rapper ** Peter Sagan, Slovakian road bicycle racer ** Sergio Pérez, Mexican racing driver * January 27 – Nicholas Bett, Kenyan track and field athlete (d. 2018) * January 28 – Luce (singer), Luce, French actress/singer * January 29 – MacKenzie Porter, Canadian actress and singer * January 30 ** Eiza González, Mexican actress and singer ** Mitchell Starc, Australian cricketer ** Jake Thomas, American actor, voice actor and photographer * January 31 – Nate Augspurger, American rugby union player


February

* February 1 ** Laura Marling, British singer-songwriter ** Hersi Matmuja, Albanian singer * February 2 – Clara Alonso (actress), Clara Alonso, Argentine actress, singer, and television hostess * February 3 – Sean Kingston, American singer * February 4 ** Zach King, American videos maker ** Nairo Quintana, Colombian road bicycle racer ** Haruka Tomatsu, Japanese voice actress * February 5 ** Luis Cardona, Guatemalan football player ** Kim Ji-soo (singer, born 1990), Kim Ji-soo, South Korean singer ** Charlbi Dean, Charlbi Dean Kriek, South African actress and model (d. 2022) * February 6 – Jermaine Kearse, American football player *
February 7 Events Pre-1600 * 457 – Leo I becomes the Eastern Roman emperor. * 987 – Bardas Phokas the Younger and Bardas Skleros, Byzantine generals of the military elite, begin a wide-scale rebellion against Emperor Basil II. *1301 &nda ...
** Anna Abreu, Finnish pop singer ** jacksepticeye, Irish YouTuber ** Dalilah Muhammad, American hurdler ** Steven Stamkos, Canadian ice hockey player * February 8 ** Yacine Brahimi, French-Algerian footballer ** Klay Thompson, American basketball player * February 9 – Fyodor Smolov, Russian footballer * February 10 – Sooyoung, Korean singer * February 11 ** Javier Aquino, Mexican footballer ** Q'orianka Kilcher, German-born American actress and activist *
February 12 Events Pre-1600 * 1404 – The Italian professor Galeazzo di Santa Sophie performed the first post-mortem autopsy for the purposes of teaching and demonstration at the Heiligen–Geist Spital in Vienna. * 1429 – English forces und ...
– Robert Griffin III, American football player * February 13 ** Gyaincain Norbu, 11th Panchen Lama of Tibetan Buddhism according to some sources ** Kevin Strootman, Dutch footballer ** elrubiusOMG, Spanish YouTuber * February 14 – Brett Dier, Canadian actor * February 15 – Masashi Ebinuma, Japanese judoka * February 16 – The Weeknd, Canadian musician * February 17 – Bea Rose Santiago, Filipino model * February 18 ** Choi Soo-young, South Korean singer, actress, and songwriter ** Bryan Oviedo, Costa Rican footballer ** Park Shin-hye, South Korean actress * February 19 ** Ryad Boudebouz, French-Algerian footballer ** Saad Al Sheebi, Qatari footballer * February 20 – Ciro Immobile, Italian footballer * February 21 ** David Addy, Ghanaian footballer ** Mattias Tedenby, Swedish ice hockey player ** Flavio Aquilone, Italian voice actor * February 22 – Paige Lawrence, Canadian pair skater * February 25 ** Younès Belhanda, French-Moroccan footballer ** Ehsan Hajsafi, Iranian footballer * February 26 ** Jojo Mason, Canadian country music singer-songwriter ** José Melchor, Mexican professional footballer ** Tristan Tafel, Canadian freestyle skier * February 27 ** Lindsey Morgan, American actress ** Megan Young, Filipino-American actress, model, television host, and beauty contest title holder * February 28 ** Georgina Leonidas, British actress ** Anna Muzychuk, Ukrainian chess player


March

* March 1 – Harry Eden, English actor * March 2 ** Lee Hong-gi, Korean singer ** Tiger Shroff, Indian actor *
March 3 Events Pre-1600 * 473 – Gundobad (nephew of Ricimer) nominates Glycerius as emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 724 – Empress Genshō abdicates the throne in favor of her nephew Shōmu who becomes emperor of Japan. *1575 ...
** Sebastian Gregory, Australian actor and musician ** Celina Ree, Danish singer * March 4 ** Andrea Bowen, American actress ** Draymond Green, American basketball player * March 5 – Marco Ureña, Costa Rican footballer * March 6 ** Derek Drouin, Canadian athlete ** Esti Ginzburg, Israeli model * March 7 ** Choi Jong-hoon, Korean singer ** Daniel Samonas, Canadian actor * March 8 ** Rémy Cabella, French footballer ** Kristinia DeBarge, American singer-songwriter ** Petra Kvitová, Czech tennis player *
March 9 Events Pre-1600 *141 BC – Liu Che, posthumously known as Emperor Wu of Han, assumes the throne over the Han dynasty of China. *1009 – First known mention of Lithuania, in the annals of the monastery of Quedlinburg. *1226 &ndas ...
** Daley Blind, Dutch footballer ** YG (rapper), YG, American rapper and actor * March 10 – Ryan Nassib, American football quarterback * March 11 – Reiley McClendon, American actor * March 12 ** Alessio Curcio, Italian professional football player ** Vanessa Pose, Venezuelan actress *
March 13 Events Pre-1600 * 624 – The Battle of Badr, the first major battle between the Muslims and Quraysh. *1567 – The Battle of Oosterweel, traditionally regarded as the start of the Eighty Years' War. *1591 – At the Battle of Ton ...
** Emory Cohen, American actor ** Sasha Clements, Canadian actress * March 14 ** Joe Allen, Welsh footballer ** Thali García, Mexican actress ** Kolbeinn Sigþórsson, Icelandic footballer *
March 15 Events Pre-1600 * 474 BC – Roman consul Aulus Manlius Vulso celebrates an ovation for concluding the war against Veii and securing a forty years' truce. * 44 BC – The assassination of Julius Caesar takes place. * 493 &ndash ...
– Lauren Barfield, American volleyball player * March 16 – Maps Maponyane, South African television presenter * March 17 – Hozier (musician), Hozier, Irish singer-songwriter * March 18 ** Michael J. Knowles, American conservative political commentator ** Luke Tarsitano, American actor * March 20 ** Stacy Martin, French actress ** Marcos Rojo, Argentine footballer * March 21 ** Nicolás Uriarte, Argentinian volleyball player ** Mandy Capristo, German singer-songwriter, dancer, and model * March 22 – Sophie Caldwell, American cross-country skier * March 23 ** Jaime Alguersuari, Spanish Formula One driver ** Princess Eugenie of York, British princess * March 24 ** Aljur Abrenica, Filipino actor, dancer, model and singer ** Keisha Castle-Hughes, Australian-born New Zealand actress ** Starlin Castro, Dominican baseball player ** Jonathan Jafari, American comedian and Internet personality * March 25 – Kiowa Gordon, American actor * March 26 ** Carly Chaikin, American actress ** Choi Woo-shik, South Korean actor ** Patrick Ekeng, Cameroonian footballer (d. 2016) ** Romain Saïss, French-Moroccan footballer ** Xiumin, South Korean singer and actor * March 27 **Kimbra, New Zealand singer and actress ** Nicolas Nkoulou, Cameroonian footballer **Ben Hunt (rugby league), Ben Hunt, Australian rugby league player *
March 28 Events Pre-1600 *AD 37 – Roman emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, bestowed on him by the Senate. * 193 – After assassinating the Roman Emperor Pertinax, his Praetorian Guards auction off the throne to Didiu ...
** Zoella, English YouTuber and vlogger ** Laura Harrier, American actress and model * March 29 – Timothy Chandler, German-American soccer player * March 30 ** Lee Gi-kwang, Korean singer ** Thomas Rhett, American singer and songwriter ** Matt Simpson (goalball), Matt Simpson, American goalball player ** Corey Cott, American actor and singer ** Cassie Scerbo, American actress, singer and dancer * March 31 ** Bang Yong-guk, South Korean rapper ** Lyra McKee, Northern Irish journalist (d. 2019) ** Tommy Smith (footballer, born 1990), Tommy Smith, English-New Zealand footballer


April

* April 1 – Justin Hamilton (basketball, born 1990), Justin Hamilton, Croatian-American football player * April 2 ** Yevgeniya Kanayeva, Russian gymnast ** Miralem Pjanić, Bosnian footballer * April 3 ** Karim Ansarifard, Iranian footballer ** Madison Brengle, American tennis player ** Lovre Kalinić, Croatian footballer * April 4 ** Andreas Muñoz, Spanish actor * April 5 ** Kim Jung-hyun (actor, born 1990), Kim Jung-hyun, South Korean actor ** Haruma Miura, Japanese actor and singer (d. 2020) * April 6 – Charlie McDermott, American actor * April 7 ** Nickel Ashmeade, Jamaican sprinter ** Sorana Cîrstea, Romanian tennis player * April 8 ** Freddie (singer), Freddie, Hungarian singer ** Kim Jong-hyun (singer), Kim Jong-hyun, South Korean singer (d. 2017) ** Bai Yu (actor), Bai Yu, Chinese actor *
April 9 Events Pre-1600 * 193 – The distinguished soldier Septimius Severus is proclaimed emperor by the army in Illyricum. * 475 – Byzantine Emperor Basiliscus issues a circular letter (''Enkyklikon'') to the bishops of his empire, su ...
** Ram Bahadur Bomjon, Nepalese Buddhist ** Kristen Stewart, American actress and director * April 10 ** Maren Morris, American country singer ** Alex Pettyfer, English actor ** Valerio Scanu, Italian pop rock singer * April 11 ** Martin Escudero, Filipino actor, model and television personality ** Darrius Garrett, American-Rwandan professional basketball player * April 12 – Hiroki Sakai, Japanese footballer * April 13 – Anastasija Sevastova, Latvian tennis player *
April 14 Events Pre-1600 * 43 BC – Legions loyal to the Roman Senate, commanded by Gaius Pansa, defeat the forces of Mark Antony in the Battle of Forum Gallorum. * 69 – Vitellius, commanding Rhine-based armies, defeats Roman emperor O ...
– Juan Francisco Estrada, Mexican professional boxer * April 15 ** Julien Lyneel, French volleyball player ** Aoxuan Lee, Chinese singer, songwriter, dancer, actor, and Electone player ** Emma Watson, English actress, model, and activist * April 16 ** Lily Loveless, British actress ** Tony McQuay, American sprinter ** Lorraine Nicholson, American actress and director ** Arthur Zanetti, Brazilian artistic gymnast * April 17 ** Astrit Ajdarević, Swedish professional football player ** Sol Rodríguez, Argentinian actress and model * April 18 ** Anna van der Breggen, Dutch cyclist ** Britt Robertson, American actress ** Wojciech Szczęsny, Polish football player * April 19 ** Kim Chiu, Filipino actress ** Héctor Herrera, Mexican footballer ** Kim Himchan, South Korean singer * April 20 ** Lu Han (singer), Lu Han, South Korean singer ** Georgia Toews, Canadian novelist * April 21 – Bree Essrig, American actress * April 22 – Machine Gun Kelly (rapper), Machine Gun Kelly, American rapper and singer * April 23 – Dev Patel, British actor * April 24 ** Kim Tae-ri, South Korean actress ** Carly Pearce, American country singer * April 25 ** Jan-Lennard Struff, German tennis player ** Jean-Éric Vergne, French Formula 1 driver * April 26 – Jonathan dos Santos, Mexican footballer * April 27 – Lou de Laâge, French television actress * April 28 – Chelsea Stewart, American soccer player * April 29 **Bradford Burgess, American basketball player **Chris Johnson (basketball, born 1990), Chris Johnson, American basketball player * April 30 – T-Hawk (wrestler), T-Hawk, Japanese professional wrestler


May

* May 1 – Caitlin Stasey, Australian actress * May 2 ** Paul George, American basketball player ** Kay Panabaker, American actress * May 3 ** Miranda Chartrand, Canadian singer ** Ida Galich, Russian TV presenter ** Brooks Koepka, American professional golfer * May 4 – Andrea Torres, Filipino actress * May 5 ** Matteo Ciacci, Sammarinese politician; former List of captains regent of San Marino, Captain Regent of San Marino ** Lee Kang-won, South Korean male volleyball player ** Hannah Davis (model), Hannah Davis, American model * May 6 – Moses Storm, American writer and comedian * May 7 – Jonathan Zlotnik, Massachusetts House of Representatives * May 8 ** Marcel Keller Gil, Portuguese male indoor volleyball player ** Anastasia Fesikova, Russian swimmer ** Kemba Walker, American basketball player *
May 9 Events Pre-1600 * 328 – Athanasius is elected Patriarch of Alexandria. * 1009 – Lombard Revolt: Lombard forces led by Melus revolt in Bari against the Byzantine Catepanate of Italy. *1386 – England and Portugal formally r ...
– John McEntee (political aide), American political advisor * May 10 ** Brandun DeShay, American rapper and record producer ** Maxine Medina, Filipino actress and model ** Lauren Potter, American actress * May 11 ** Marcus Mepstead, British Olympic foil fencer ** Taylor Fletcher, American Nordic combined skier * May 12 ** Florent Amodio, French figure skater ** Etika, YouTube personality (d. 2019) * May 14 – Sasha Spielberg, American musician * May 15 – Lee Jong-hyun, Korean singer * May 16 ** Deniz Akdeniz, Australian actor ** Thomas Brodie-Sangster, British actor ** Marc John Jefferies, American actor * May 17 ** Will Clyburn, American basketball player ** Ross Butler (actor), Ross Butler, American actor ** Leven Rambin, American actress * May 18 ** Heo Ga-yoon, South Korean singer and actress ** Luke Kleintank, American actor ** Yuya Osako, Japanese footballer * May 20 – Josh O'Connor, English actor *
May 22 Events Pre-1600 * 192 – Dong Zhuo is assassinated by his adopted son Lü Bu. * 760 – Fourteenth recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. * 853 – A Byzantine fleet sacks and destroys undefended Damietta in Egypt. *11 ...
– Lance Serrano, Filipino actor, commercial model and gym instructor * May 24 ** Félix Moati, French actor, film director and screenwriter ** Joey Logano, American race car driver ** Yuya Matsushita, Japanese singer, dancer, and actor * May 25 ** Ryan Sherriff, American professional baseball pitcher ** Jarred Cosart, American former professional baseball pitcher * May 26 ** Eric Griffin (basketball), Eric Griffin, American basketball player ** Umar Akmal, Pakistani cricketer * May 27 ** Chris Colfer, American actor ** Leo Deluglio, Argentine actor and singer * May 28 ** Jonas Hector, German footballer ** Kanya Kounvongsa, Laotian footballer ** Kyle Walker, English footballer * May 29 – Davit Gharibyan, Armenian model, actor, director, host and publisher * May 30 ** Dean Collins (actor), Dean Collins, American actor ** Josef Šural, Czech footballer (d. 2019) ** Yoona, Korean singer and actress * May 31 ** Gabriel Nadeau-Dubois, Canadian politician ** Phillipa Soo, American actress and singer


June

* June 2 ** Kristiina Brask, Finnish pop singer ** Jack Lowden, Scottish actor * June 4 – Evan Spiegel, co-founder and CEO of Snap Inc. * June 5 – Junior Hoilett, Canadian soccer player * June 6 ** Karma (archer), Karma, Bhutanese archer ** Raisa Andriana, Indonesian singer ** Ryan Higa, American comedian, YouTuber and actor * June 7 ** Iggy Azalea, Australian recording artist ** Allison Schmitt, American swimmer * June 9 ** Antonella Alonso, Venezuelan pornographic actress ** Matthias Mayer, Austrian Olympic alpine skier ** Lauren Socha, English actress * June 10 – Niamh Perry, Irish actress and singer * June 11 – Christophe Lemaitre, French sprinter * June 12 ** Jrue Holiday, American basketball player ** KevJumba, American YouTuber * June 13 – Aaron Taylor-Johnson, English actor ** Tom Ackerley, British film producer * June 16 – John Newman (singer), John Newman, English singer *
June 17 Events Pre-1600 * 653 – Pope Martin I is arrested and taken to Constantinople, due to his opposition to monothelitism. *1242 – Following the Disputation of Paris, twenty-four carriage loads of Jewish religious manuscripts were bur ...
** Alan Dzagoev, Russian footballer ** Jordan Henderson, English international footballer * June 18 ** Jeremy Irvine, English actor ** Sandra Izbașa, Romanian gymnast and Olympic gold medalist ** Christian Taylor (athlete), Christian Taylor, American triple jumper * June 20 – Ding Ning, Chinese table tennis player * June 21 ** Ričardas Berankis, Lithuanian tennis player ** Jake Brook aka Lunar C, British actor, writer and rapper ** Nicolás Maduro Guerra, Venezuelan politician ** Sergei Matsenko, Russian chess player ** Knowledge Musona, Zimbabwean footballer ** Håvard Nordtveit, Norwegian football player * June 22 – Kei Inoo, Japanese singer and actor * June 23 ** Lim Ji-yeon, South Korean actress ** Vasek Pospisil, Canadian tennis player * June 25 – Andi Eigenmann, Filipina actress and model * June 26 – Filip Novák (footballer), Filip Novák, Czech football player * June 27 – Angelia Ong, Filipino–Chinese model * June 28 ** Jasmine Richards, Canadian actress ** Malhar Thakar, Indian actor * June 29 ** Harish Kalyan, Indian actor ** Subaru Kimura, German-Japanese voice actor ** Sayuri Sugawara, Japanese singer * June 30 ** Jaka Blažič, Slovenian basketball player ** Bryan Nickson Lomas, Malaysian diver ** N (singer), N, South Korean singer and actor


July

* July 1 – Dan Mayo, Israeli drummer, composer. and educator * July 2 ** Grey Henson, American actor, dancer, and singer ** Kayla Harrison, American judoka ** Roman Lob, German recording artist ** Margot Robbie, Australian actress ** Danny Rose (footballer, born 1990), Danny Rose, English footballer * July 4 ** Melissa Barrera, Mexican actress and singer ** David Kross, German actor * July 5 ** Nikki Patel, English actress ** David Manoyan, Armenian football player ** Arron Villaflor, Filipino actor and dancer * July 6 ** Jeremy Suarez, American actor ** Jurijus Veklenko, Lithuanian singer-songwriter * July 7 – Amadeus Serafini, American actor * July 8 ** Randy Brown (fighter), Randy Brown, American-Jamaican mixed martial artist ** Kevin Trapp, German footballer * July 9 ** Carla Baratta, Venezuelan actress and model **Fábio (footballer, born 1990), Fábio, Brazilian footballer ** Sosuke Ikematsu, Japanese actor ** Rafael (footballer, born 1990), Rafael, Brazilian footballer ** Sung Joon, South Korean actor and model * July 10 ** Mike LiPetri, American politician ** Portia Clark, Zambian pop singer, songwriter, and philanthropist ** Elliot Knight, British actor ** Sung Joon, South Korean actor and model * July 11 ** Dan Colman, American professional poker player ** Feroze Khan, Pakistani actor and model ** Connor Paolo, American actor ** Patrick Peterson, American football player ** Kelsey Sanders, American actress ** Caroline Wozniacki, Danish tennis player *
July 12 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – The armies of Titus attack the walls of Jerusalem after a six-month siege. Three days later they breach the walls, which enables the army to destroy the Second Temple. * 927 – King Constantine I ...
– Rachel Brosnahan, American actress * July 13 ** Emmanuel Palomares, Venezuelan-Mexican actor and model ** Jonathan Mensah, Ghanaian footballer * July 14 ** Izwan Mahbud, Singaporean footballer ** Ian Nepomniachtchi, Russian chess grandmaster * July 15 ** Alexander Calvert, Canadian actor ** Tyler Honeycutt, American basketball player (d. 2018) ** Damian Lillard, American basketball player * July 16 ** James Maslow, American actor and singer ** Wizkid, Nigerian singer-songwriter * July 17 – Jonty Usborne, British radio engineer * July 18 ** Canelo Álvarez, Saúl Álvarez, Mexican boxer ** Anders Konradsen, Norwegian footballer * July 19 ** Armond Rizzo, American gay pornographic actor ** Steven Anthony Lawrence, American actor ** Darlington Nagbe, Liberian-American soccer player * July 20 – Dominic Roque, Filipino actor and model * July 21 ** Satyajeet Dubey, Indian actor ** Franck Elemba, Congolese athlete ** Fabrice N'Sakala, Congolese-democratic footballer ** Erislandy Savón, Cuban boxer * July 23 – Kevin Reynolds (figure skater), Kevin Reynolds, Canadian figure skater * July 24 ** Daveigh Chase, American actress ** Jay McGuiness, British singer *
July 25 Events Pre-1600 * 306 – Constantine I is proclaimed Roman emperor by his troops. * 315 – The Arch of Constantine is completed near the Colosseum in Rome to commemorate Constantine I's victory over Maxentius at the Milvian Bridge ...
– Mubarak Wakaso, Ghanaian footballer *
July 26 Events Pre-1600 * 657 – First Fitna: In the Battle of Siffin, troops led by Ali ibn Abu Talib clash with those led by Muawiyah I. * 811 – Battle of Pliska: Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros I is killed and his heir Staurakios is seriou ...
– Try Guys, Zach Kornfeld, American Internet personality * July 27 ** Victoria Aveyard, American writer ** Indiana Evans, Australian actress ** Kriti Sanon, Indian actress ** David Storl, German track and field athlete * July 28 – Soulja Boy, American rapper * July 29 ** Munro Chambers, Canadian actor ** Joey Essex, English television personality ** Matt Prokop, American actor ** Anna Selezneva, Russian model ** Oleg Shatov, Russian footballer ** Shin Se-kyung, Korean actor * July 31 – Ido Levy, Israeli footballer


August

* August 1 ** Elton Jantjies, South African rugby player ** Jack O'Connell (actor), Jack O'Connell, English actor *
August 2 Events Pre-1600 * 338 BC – A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Battle of Chaeronea, securing Macedonian hegemony in Greece and the Aegean. * 216 BC – The Carthaginian ...
– Eddie Generazio, American author and musician * August 5 – Álex Rodríguez (Panamanian footballer), Álex Rodríguez, Panamanian footballer * August 6 – Hólmar Örn Eyjólfsson, Icelandic footballer * August 7 ** Tom Beugelsdijk, Dutch footballer ** Helen Flanagan, English actress ** Tate Forcier, American football quarterback * August 8 ** Vladimír Darida, Czech footballer ** Abel Hernández, Uruguayan footballer ** Tommy Bracco, American actor, reality television star and Broadway performer ** Oti Mabuse, South African dancer ** Aleksandra Szwed, Polish actress ** Kane Williamson, New Zealand cricketer * August 9 ** Brandon Barkhuizen, South African football (soccer) player ** Adelaide Kane, Australian actress ** Bill Skarsgård, Swedish actor ** Emily Tennant, Canadian actress * August 10 ** Lucas Till, American actor ** Will Brittain, American actor * August 12 ** Enzo Pineda, Filipino actor ** Mario Balotelli, Italian footballer ** Wissam Ben Yedder, French footballer * August 13 ** Shila Amzah, Malaysian singer-songwriter ** DeMarcus Cousins, American basketball player * August 15 ** Jennifer Lawrence, American actress ** Nyusha, Russian singer * August 17 – Rachel Hurd-Wood, British actress * August 18 – Stacy (singer), Stacy, Malaysian singer * August 20 ** Omar El Kaddouri, Belgian-Moroccan footballer ** Bradley Klahn, American tennis player ** Ranomi Kromowidjojo, Dutch swimmer * August 21 ** Theyazin bin Haitham, Crown Prince of Oman ** Bo Burnham, American comedian * August 22 – Adam Thielen, American football player * August 23 – Mike Yastrzemski, American baseball player *
August 24 Events Pre-1600 * 367 – Gratian, son of Roman Emperor Valentinian I, is named co-Augustus at the age of eight by his father. * 394 – The Graffito of Esmet-Akhom, the latest known inscription in Egyptian hieroglyphs, is writte ...
** Elizabeth Debicki, Australian actress ** Aloysius Pang, Singaporean actor (d. 2019) * August 25 ** Aras Bulut İynemli, Turkish actor ** Salif Sané, French-Senegalese footballer * August 27 ** Tori Bowie, American athlete ** Luuk de Jong, Dutch footballer ** AJR (band), Adam Metzger, American musician, member of AJR ** Taylor Mitchell, Canadian singer (d. 2009) *
August 28 Events Pre-1600 * 475 – The Roman general Orestes forces western Roman Emperor Julius Nepos to flee his capital city, Ravenna. * 489 – Theodoric, king of the Ostrogoths, defeats Odoacer at the Battle of Isonzo, forcing his way ...
** Katie Findlay, Canadian actress ** Bojan Krkić, Spanish footballer * August 29 ** Patrick van Aanholt, Dutch footballer ** Nicole Gale Anderson, American actress * August 30 – Andreas Kristler, Austrian ice hockey player


September

* September 1 ** Brandon Woodard, American politician ** Yakup Şener, Turkish amateur boxer *
September 2 Events Pre-1600 *44 BC – Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesarion. * 44 BC – Cicero launches the first of his '' Philippicae'' (oratorical attacks) on Mark Antony. He will make 14 of t ...
** Merritt Patterson, Canadian actress ** Marcus Ericsson, Swedish racing driver * September 3 ** Abbas Ali (footballer), Abbas Ali, Pakistani footballer ** Bianca Bin, Brazilian actress * September 4 ** Olha Kharlan, Ukrainian fencer ** Danny Worsnop, British musician * September 5 – Yuna Kim, South Korean figure skater * September 6 ** Matt McAndrew, American singer-songwriter ** John Wall (basketball), John Wall, American basketball player * September 8 ** Matt Barkley, American football player ** Dianne Doan, Canadian actress ** Ella Rae Peck, American actress * September 9 ** Melody Klaver, Dutch actress ** Klaudia Tiitsmaa, Estonian actress * September 10 ** Eddy Martin, American actor ** Chandler Massey, American actor * September 13 ** Jamie Anderson (snowboarder), Jamie Anderson, American snowboarder ** Luciano Narsingh, Dutch footballer * September 14 – Douglas Costa, Brazilian footballer * September 15 ** Aaron Mooy, Australian footballer ** Matt Shively, American actor * September 17 – Kamil Gradek, Polish racing cyclist * September 19 ** Mário Fernandes (footballer), Mário Fernandes, Brazilian-Russian footballer ** Saki Fukuda, Japanese actress ** Kieran Trippier, English footballer * September 20 ** Erich Gonzales, Filipina actor and dancer ** Phillip Phillips, American singer ** John Tavares (ice hockey), John Tavares, Canadian ice hockey player * September 21 ** Cory Wade Hindorff, American model, actor, singer, songwriter and Gay activist and spokesperson ** Laurent Alvarez, Swiss figure skater ** Ivan Dorschner, Filipino actor and host ** Allison Scagliotti, American actress, musician, and director ** Christian Serratos, American actress * September 23 ** Marigona Dragusha, Kosovan model ** Agustín Sierra, Argentine actor ** Çağatay Ulusoy, Turkish actor and model * September 25 ** Mao Asada, Japanese figure skater ** Edie Campbell, English model * September 26 ** Walid Riachy, Lebanese actor and model * September 27 ** Dion Lewis, American football player ** Mitski, Japanese-American singer-songwriter * September 28 – Kirsten Prout, Canadian actress * September 29 – Doug Brochu, American actor, comedian and voice actor * September 30 ** Shane Strickland, American professional wrestler ** Dominique Aegerter, Swiss Grand prix motorcycle racer


October

* October 1 ** Hazal Kaya, Tukish actress ** Anthony Lopes, French-Portuguese footballer *
October 2 Events Pre-1600 * 829 – Theophilos succeeds his father Michael II as Byzantine Emperor. * 939 – Battle of Andernach: Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor, crushes a rebellion against his rule, by a coalition of Eberhard of Franconia and ...
– Samantha Barks, Manx singer and actress * October 3 ** Michele Morrone, Italian actor, model and singer ** Johan Le Bon, French cyclist ** Rhian Ramos, Filipino actress * October 4 ** Saki (musician), Saki, Japanese guitarist and songwriter ** Sergey Shubenkov, Russian hurdler * October 5 ** Wesley Morgan (actor), American Actor * October 6 ** Jordan Hamilton (basketball), Jordan Hamilton, American basketball player ** Hotaru Yamaguchi, Japanese footballer * October 7 ** Sebastián Coates, Uruguayan footballer ** Ayla Kell, American actress ** Thunder (singer), Thunder, South Korean pop singer * October 11 – Sebastian Rode, German footballer * October 12 ** Brock Coyle, American football player ** Melody (Spanish singer), Melody, Spanish singer * October 13 ** Pooja Hegde, Indian actress ** Bailey Noble, American actress * October 15 – Jeon Ji-yoon, South Korean rapper, songwriter, and actress * October 16 ** Sam Bennett (cyclist), Sam Bennett, Irish cyclist ** Jóhanna Guðrún Jónsdóttir, Icelandic singer ** Tim Nedow, Canadian track and field athlete * October 18 ** Óscar Opazo, Chilean footballer ** Carly Schroeder, American actress * October 19 ** Samantha Munro, American actress ** Samuel Nascimento, Brazilian actor, singer, and dancer ** Ciara Renée, American actress * October 20 – Galadriel Stineman, American actress * October 21 – Ricky Rubio, Spanish basketball player * October 22 ** Ashley Fiolek, American motocross racer ** Jonathan Lipnicki, American actor and producer * October 23 ** Paradise Oskar, Finnish singer-songwriter ** Stevie Brock, American actor ** Dalmar Abuzeid, American Actor * October 24 ** Kirby Bliss Blanton, American actress ** İlkay Gündoğan, German footballer * October 25 ** Sara Chafak, Finnish beauty pageant ** Niall Donohue, Irish hurler (d. 2013) ** Austin Peralta, American jazz musician and composer (d. 2012) ** Ryan Preece, American racing driver * October 27 – Jóhann Berg Guðmundsson, Icelandic footballer * October 28 – Youssef Msakni, Tunisian footballer * October 29 ** Ender Inciarte, Venezuelan baseball player ** Amarna Miller, Spanish porn actress ** Eric Saade, Swedish pop singer ** Carlson Young, American actress * October 30 – Jorge López (actor), Jorge López, Chilean actor * October 31 ** JID, American rapper ** Emiliano Sala, Argentine footballer (d. 2019)


November

* November 2 ** Kévin Tillie, French volleyball player ** Kendall Schmidt, American actor, singer, and guitarist * November 3 ** Ellyse Perry, Australian cricketer ** Polo Morín, Mexican actor and model * November 4 – Jean-Luc Bilodeau, Canadian actor * November 6 ** Dorothea Barth Jörgensen, Swedish model ** Kris Wu, Kris, Chinese Rapper and former member of Exo (group), EXO ** André Schürrle, German footballer * November 7 ** Joy Burke, Taiwanese basketball player ** Matt Corby, Australian singer ** David de Gea, Spanish footballer ** Marisa Siketa, Australian actress * November 8 – SZA, American R&B singer * November 10 ** Vanessa Ferrari, Italian gymnast ** Aron Jóhannsson, American soccer player ** Leo (singer), Leo, South Korean singer-songwriter * November 11 ** Tom Dumoulin, Dutch road bicycle racer ** Georginio Wijnaldum, Dutch footballer * November 12 – Florent Manaudou, French swimmer * November 13 – Kathleen Herles, American voice actress * November 14 ** Roman Bürki, Swiss footballer ** Jessica Jacobs, Australian actress and singer (d. 2008) * November 15 – Kanata Hongō, Japanese actor * November 17 – Shanica Knowles, American actress and singer * November 20 – Zack Martin, American football player * November 22 ** Jang Dong-woo, South Korean singer and dancer ** Seo Eunkwang, South Korean singer * November 23 ** Eddy Kim, Korean singer ** Nick Williams (wide receiver), Nick Williams, American football player * November 24 – Sarah Hyland, American actress * November 26 ** Rita Ora, English singer ** Danny Welbeck, English footballer * November 27 ** Blackbear (musician), Blackbear, American hip hop musician, singer, composer, and record producer ** Josh James (singer), Josh James, British singer * November 28 ** Sena Acolatse, American professional ice hockey player ** Dedryck Boyata, Belgian footballer * November 29 ** Diego Boneta, Mexican actor and singer-songwriter ** Lee Min-hyuk (rapper, born 1990), Lee Min-hyuk, South Korean singer ** Sheldon Richardson, American football player * November 30 – Magnus Carlsen, Norwegian chess grandmaster


December

* December 1 – Chanel Iman, American model * December 2 ** Abra (rapper), Abra, Filipino hip hop artist and occasional actor ** Jamille Matt, Jamaican footballer ** Hikaru Yaotome, Japanese idol * December 3 ** Christian Benteke, Congolese-Belgian footballer ** Sharon Fichman, Canadian-Israeli tennis player ** Fausto Rossi (footballer), Fausto Rossi, Italian footballer * December 6 – Elizabeth Bruenig, American journalist * December 8 ** Miguel Ángel Mayé, Equatoguinean football defender ** Dana Terrace, animator; creator of ''The Owl House'' * December 10 – Shoya Tomizawa, Japanese motorcycle rider (d. 2010) * December 11 ** He Zi, Chinese diver ** Adrienne Murphy, Irish model * December 12 – Seungri, South Korean singer * December 13 ** Corey Anderson (cricketer), Corey Anderson, New Zealand cricketer ** Anton Hysén, Swedish footballer * December 16 – Aziz Behich, Australian footballer * December 17 ** Graham Rogers (actor), Graham Rogers, American actor ** Folashade Abugan, Nigerian sprinter * December 18 ** Alexandr Jurečka, Czech judoka (d. 2015) ** Lara Scandar, Egyptian singer * December 20 ** Denis Cheryshev, Russian footballer ** JoJo (singer), JoJo, American singer and actress * December 22 – Jean-Baptiste Maunier, French actor * December 23 – Anna Maria Perez de Tagle, American actress and singer * December 24 – Marcus Jordan, American college basketball player * December 26 **Jon Bellion, American singer ** Andy Biersack, American singer-songwriter ** Aaron Ramsey, Welsh footballer * December 27 – Milos Raonic, Canadian tennis player * December 28 ** Marcos Alonso (footballer, born 1990), Marcos Alonso, Spanish footballer ** David Archuleta, American singer and pianist * December 29 – Sofiane Hanni, French-Algerian footballer * December 30 ** Fénix (wrestler), Fénix, Mexican wrestler ** Joe Root, English cricketer ** Bruno Henrique Pinto, Bruno Henrique, Brazilian footballer * December 31 ** Patrick Chan, Canadian figure skater ** Zhao Jing (swimmer), Zhao Jing, Chinese swimmer


Deaths


January

* January 2 – Alan Hale Jr, American actor (b. 1921) * January 4 ** Alberto Lleras Camargo, Colombian politician, 20th President of Colombia (b. 1906) ** Harold Eugene Edgerton, American electrical engineer (b. 1903) * January 5 – Arthur Kennedy, American actor (b. 1914) * January 6 ** Ian Charleson, British actor (b. 1949) ** Pavel Cherenkov, Russian physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1904) * January 7 – Bronko Nagurski, Canadian-American football player (b. 1908) * January 8 ** Jaime Gil de Biedma, Spanish poet (b. 1929) ** Terry-Thomas, English actor and comedian (b. 1911) * January 9 ** Northern Calloway, American actor (b. 1948) ** Bazilio Olara-Okello, Ugandan military officer and statesman (b. 1929) * January 10 – Lyle R. Wheeler, American art director (b. 1905) * January 14 – Mani Madhava Chakyar, Indian performing artist (b. 1899) * January 15 ** Gordon Jackson (actor), Gordon Jackson, British actor (b. 1923) ** William O'Neal (informant), William O'Neal, American FBI informant (b. 1949) * January 17 – Charles Hernu, French politician (b. 1923) * January 18 - Melanie Appleby, British musician (b. 1966) * January 19 ** Arthur Goldberg, American Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, Supreme Court (b. 1908) ** Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh, Indian mystic (b. 1931) ** Herbert Wehner, German Social Democratic politician (b. 1906) * January 20 ** Prince Naruhiko Higashikuni, 30th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1887) ** Barbara Stanwyck, American actress (b. 1907) * January 22 ** Mariano Rumor, Italian politician, 39th Prime Minister of Italy (b. 1915) ** Roman Vishniac, Russian-American photographer (b. 1897) * January 23 – Allen Collins, American musician (b. 1952) * January 24 ** Madge Bellamy, American actress (b. 1899) ** Araken Patusca, Brazilian footballer (b. 1905) * January 25 ** Dámaso Alonso, Spanish poet (b. 1898) ** Ava Gardner, American actress (b. 1922) * January 26 – Lewis Mumford, American historian of science (b. 1895)


February

* February 2 ** Paul Ariste, Estonian linguist (b. 1905) ** Mel Lewis, American jazz musician (b. 1929) *
February 7 Events Pre-1600 * 457 – Leo I becomes the Eastern Roman emperor. * 987 – Bardas Phokas the Younger and Bardas Skleros, Byzantine generals of the military elite, begin a wide-scale rebellion against Emperor Basil II. *1301 &nda ...
– Jimmy Van Heusen, American composer (b. 1913) * February 8 – Del Shannon, American musician and singer (b. 1934) * February 14 ** José Luis Panizo, Spanish footballer (b. 1922) ** Jean Wallace, American actress (b. 1923) * February 15 ** Henry Brandon (actor), Henry Brandon, German-American actor (b. 1912) ** Ulf Johansson (actor), Ulf Johansson, Swedish actor (b. 1922) * February 16 – Keith Haring, American pop artist (b. 1958) * February 17 – Erik Rhodes (actor, born 1906), Erik Rhodes, American actor (b. 1906) * February 19 ** Otto E. Neugebauer, Austrian-born American mathematician and historian of science (b. 1899) ** Michael Powell, British director (b. 1905) * February 23 ** José Napoleón Duarte, Salvadoran politician, 39th President of El Salvador (b. 1925) ** James M. Gavin, American general (b. 1907) * February 24 ** Malcolm Forbes, American publisher (b. 1919) ** Sandro Pertini, Italian Socialist politician, 7th President of Italy (b. 1896) ** Johnnie Ray, American singer (b. 1927) * February 27 – Les Ames, British cricketer (b. 1905) * February 28 - Greville Wynne, British spy and courier (b. 1919)


March

* March 5 – Gary Merrill, American actor (b. 1915) * March 6 – H. George Decancq, American engineer * March 12 – Philippe Soupault, French poet (b. 1897) *
March 13 Events Pre-1600 * 624 – The Battle of Badr, the first major battle between the Muslims and Quraysh. *1567 – The Battle of Oosterweel, traditionally regarded as the start of the Eighty Years' War. *1591 – At the Battle of Ton ...
** Bruno Bettelheim, American child psychologist (b. 1903) ** Karl Münchinger, German conductor (b. 1915) ** Michael Stewart, Baron Stewart of Fulham, British politician (b. 1906) *
March 15 Events Pre-1600 * 474 BC – Roman consul Aulus Manlius Vulso celebrates an ovation for concluding the war against Veii and securing a forty years' truce. * 44 BC – The assassination of Julius Caesar takes place. * 493 &ndash ...
– Tom Harmon, American football player and broadcaster (b. 1919) * March 17 ** Capucine, French actress and fashion model (b. 1928) ** Ric Grech, British musician (b. 1946) * March 19 – Andrew Wood (singer), Andrew Wood, American musician (b. 1966) * March 20 – Lev Yashin, Russian footballer (b. 1929) * March 22 – Gerald Bull, Canadian scientist (b. 1928)


April

* April 2 – Aldo Fabrizi, Italian actor (b. 1905) * April 3 – Sarah Vaughan, American jazz vocalist (b. 1924) * April 6 ** James MacNabb, British Olympic rower (b. 1901) ** Alfred Sohn-Rethel, German economist and philosopher (b. 1899) * April 7 – Ronald Evans (astronaut), Ronald Evans, American astronaut (b. 1933) * April 8 – Ryan White, American AIDS activist (b. 1971) * April 10 – Fortune Gordien, American Olympic athlete (b. 1922) * April 13 – Luis Trenker, South Tyrolean film producer, director, writer, actor, and architect (b. 1892) *
April 14 Events Pre-1600 * 43 BC – Legions loyal to the Roman Senate, commanded by Gaius Pansa, defeat the forces of Mark Antony in the Battle of Forum Gallorum. * 69 – Vitellius, commanding Rhine-based armies, defeats Roman emperor O ...
** Ahmed Balafrej, Moroccan politician, Foreign Minister and 2nd Prime Minister of Morocco (b. 1908) ** Sabicas, Spanish guitarist (b. 1912) * April 15 – Greta Garbo, Swedish-American actress (b. 1905) * April 17 – Ralph Abernathy, American civil rights activist (b. 1926) * April 18 ** Gory Guerrero, American wrestler (b. 1921) ** Frédéric Rossif, French film and television director (b. 1922) ** Robert D. Webb, American film director (b. 1903) * April 19 – Marco Aurelio Robles, Panamanian politician, 20th President of Panama (b. 1905) * April 20 – Horst Sindermann, East German politician, 3rd Prime Minister of the German Democratic Republic (
East Germany East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR; german: Deutsche Demokratische Republik, , DDR, ), was a country that existed from its creation on 7 October 1949 until German reunification, its dissolution on 3 October 1990. In t ...
) (b. 1915) * April 21 – Erté, French Art Deco artist (b. 1892) * April 22 – Albert Salmi, American actor (b. 1928) * April 23 – Paulette Goddard, American actress (b. 1910) * April 25 – Dexter Gordon, American jazz saxophonist (b. 1923)


May

* May 3 – Patriarch Pimen I of Moscow (b. 1910) * May 5 – Walter Bruch, German electrical engineer (b. 1908) * May 6 – Charles Farrell, American actor (b. 1900) * May 7 – Prince Andrew of Yugoslavia (b. 1929) * May 8 ** Luigi Nono, Italian composer (b. 1924) ** Tomás Ó Fiaich, Irish Roman Catholic prelate (b. 1923) * May 10 ** Susan Oliver, American actress (b. 1932) ** Walker Percy, American writer (b. 1916) * May 12 – Andrei Kirilenko (politician), Andrei Kirilenko, Soviet politician (b. 1906) * May 16 ** Sammy Davis Jr., American actor, dancer, and singer (b. 1925) ** Jim Henson, Muppets creator, American puppeteer, and filmmaker (b. 1936) * May 18 – Jill Ireland, English actress (b. 1936) *
May 22 Events Pre-1600 * 192 – Dong Zhuo is assassinated by his adopted son Lü Bu. * 760 – Fourteenth recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. * 853 – A Byzantine fleet sacks and destroys undefended Damietta in Egypt. *11 ...
– Rocky Graziano, American boxer (b. 1919) * May 25 – Vic Tayback, American actor (b. 1930) * May 29 – Hussein Onn, Hussein bin Onn, Malay politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Malaysia (b. 1922) * May 31 – Willy Spühler, Swiss politician (b. 1902)


June

*
June 1 Events Pre-1600 * 1215 – Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Zhongdu. *1252 – Alfonso X is proclaimed ki ...
- Ivan Serov, head of the KGB (b. 1905) *
June 1 Events Pre-1600 * 1215 – Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Zhongdu. *1252 – Alfonso X is proclaimed ki ...
- Charan Singh (Sant), Maharaj Charan Singh, Fourth Satguru of Radha Soami Satsang Beas (b. 1916) * June 2 – Rex Harrison, English actor (b. 1908) * June 3 – Robert Noyce, American businessman and inventor (b. 1927) * June 4 ** Stiv Bators, American singer (b. 1949) ** Jack Gilford, American actor (b. 1908) * June 5 – Vasili Kuznetsov (politician), Vasili Kuznetsov, Soviet politician, provisional head of the State (b. 1901) * June 7 – Alfredo Poveda, Ecuadorean military officer and statesman, interim President of Ecuador (b. 1926) *
June 8 Events Pre-1600 * 218 – Battle of Antioch: With the support of the Syrian legions, Elagabalus defeats the forces of emperor Macrinus. * 452 – Attila leads a Hun army in the invasion of Italy, devastating the northern provinces ...
– José Figueres Ferrer, Costa Rican politician, 32nd President of Costa Rica (b. 1906) * June 11 – Vaso Čubrilović, Yugoslav politician (b. 1897) * June 12 – Terence O'Neill, 4th Prime Minister of Northern Ireland (b. 1914) * June 13 – Ra'ana Liaquat Ali Khan, Pakistani stateswoman, First Lady of Pakistan (b. 1905) * June 20 – Ina Balin, American actress (b. 1937) * June 22 – Ilya Frank, Russian physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1908) * June 24 – Germán Suárez Flamerich, 50th President of Venezuela (b. 1907) * June 29 – Irving Wallace, American writer (b. 1916)


July

* July 1 – Jurriaan Schrofer, Dutch sculptor, designer, and educator (b. 1926) * July 4 – Phil Boggs, American Olympic diver (b. 1949) * July 7 – Cazuza, Brazilian poet, singer and composer (b. 1958) * July 8 – Howard Duff, American actor (b. 1913) * July 15 – Margaret Lockwood, English actress (b. 1916) * July 18 ** Yves Chaland, French cartoonist (b. 1957) ** Yun Posun, South Korean politician, 2nd President of the Republic of Korea (South Korea) (b. 1897) * July 19 – Eddie Quillan, American actor (b. 1907) * July 20 – Sergei Parajanov, Georgian-Armenian film director (b. 1924) * July 22 – Manuel Puig, Argentinian writer (b. 1932) * July 23 – Kenjiro Takayanagi, Japanese television engineer (b. 1899) *
July 26 Events Pre-1600 * 657 – First Fitna: In the Battle of Siffin, troops led by Ali ibn Abu Talib clash with those led by Muawiyah I. * 811 – Battle of Pliska: Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros I is killed and his heir Staurakios is seriou ...
- Brent Mydland, American keyboardist for Grateful Dead, The Grateful Dead (b. 1952) * July 27 - Bobby Day, American rock and roll and R&B musician (b. 1930) * July 29 – Bruno Kreisky, Austrian Social Democratic politician, 17th Chancellor of Austria (b. 1911) * July 31 – Fernando Sancho, Spanish actor (b. 1916)


August

* August 1 – Norbert Elias, German Jewish sociologist (b. 1897) * August 6 – Jacques Soustelle, French politician and anthropologist (b. 1912) * August 9 – Joe Mercer, English footballer (b. 1914) * August 12 – Dorothy Mackaill, British-born American actress (b. 1903) * August 15 – Viktor Tsoi, Russian singer, actor, and poet (b. 1962) * August 17 – Pearl Bailey, American singer and actress (b. 1918) * August 18 – B. F. Skinner, American psychologist (b. 1904) * August 22 ** Luigi Dadaglio, Italian cardinal (b. 1914) ** Boris Shcherbina, Soviet politician, crisis management supervisor of the Chernobyl disaster (b. 1919) * August 23 – David Rose (songwriter), David Rose, British-born American songwriter, composer, and arranger (b. 1910) *
August 24 Events Pre-1600 * 367 – Gratian, son of Roman Emperor Valentinian I, is named co-Augustus at the age of eight by his father. * 394 – The Graffito of Esmet-Akhom, the latest known inscription in Egyptian hieroglyphs, is writte ...
– Sergei Dovlatov, Russian author (b. 1941) * August 26 – Mário Pinto de Andrade, Angolan politician and poet (b. 1928) * August 27 ** Luigi Beccali, Italian Olympic athlete (b. 1907) ** Raymond St. Jacques, American actor (b. 1930) ** Stevie Ray Vaughan, American guitarist (b. 1954)


September

* September 1 – Geir Hallgrímsson, Icelandic politician, 16th Prime Minister of Iceland (b. 1925) *
September 2 Events Pre-1600 *44 BC – Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesarion. * 44 BC – Cicero launches the first of his '' Philippicae'' (oratorical attacks) on Mark Antony. He will make 14 of t ...
– John Bowlby, British psychologist and psychiatrist (b. 1907) * September 4 – Irene Dunne, American actress (b. 1898) * September 6 ** Tom Fogerty, American musician (b. 1941) ** Len Hutton, English cricketer (b. 1916) * September 7 ** Ahti Karjalainen, 28th Prime Minister of Finland (b. 1923) ** A. J. P. Taylor, English historian (b. 1906) * September 9 ** Nicola Abbagnano, Italian philosopher (b. 1901) ** Samuel Doe, Liberian military officer and statesman, 21st President of Liberia (b. 1951) * September 19 – Hermes Pan, American choreographer (b. 1910) * September 21 – Xu Xiangqian, Communist military leader in the People's Republic of China, former Defense minister (b. 1901) * September 26 – Alberto Moravia, Italian novelist (b. 1907) * September 30 – Patrick White, Australian writer, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1912)


October

* October 1 – Curtis LeMay, United States Air Force general (b. 1906) * October 3 – André Grabar, historian of Romanesque art and the art of the Eastern Roman Empire (b. 1896) * October 4 – Jill Bennett (British actress), Jill Bennett, British actress (b. 1931) * October 5 – Peter Taylor (footballer, born 1928), Peter Taylor, English footballer and manager (b. 1928) * October 7 – Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum, Rashid bin Said Al-Maktoum, Vice-President and 2nd Prime Minister of United Arab Emirates and Emir (Ruler) of Dubai (b. 1912) * October 8 – Juan José Arévalo, Guatemalan politician, 24th President of Guatemala (b. 1904) * October 13 – Lê Đức Thọ, Vietnamese general and politician, recipient of the
Nobel Peace Prize The Nobel Peace Prize is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Swedish industrialist, inventor and armaments (military weapons and equipment) manufacturer Alfred Nobel, along with the prizes in Chemistry, Physics, Physiolo ...
(b. 1911) *
October 14 Events Pre-1600 *1066 – The Norman conquest of England begins with the Battle of Hastings. *1322 – Robert the Bruce of Scotland defeats King Edward II of England at the Battle of Old Byland, forcing Edward to accept Scotland's ...
Leonard Bernstein, American composer and conductor (b. 1918) * October 15 – Delphine Seyrig, French actress (b. 1932) * October 16 – Art Blakey, American jazz musician (b. 1919) * October 20 – Joel McCrea, American actor (b. 1905) * October 21 – Dany Chamoun, Lebanese politician (b. 1934) * October 22 – Louis Althusser, French philosopher (b. 1918) * October 26 ** Lawrence Andreasen, United States Olympic diver, killed in dive from Vincent Thomas Bridge (b. 1945) ** William S. Paley, American media executive (b. 1901) * October 27 ** Xavier Cugat, American band leader (b. 1900) ** Jacques Demy, French film director (b. 1931) ** Ugo Tognazzi, Italian actor (b. 1922) * October 29 – William French Smith, 74th United States Attorney General (b. 1917)


November

* November 3 – Mary Martin, American actress and singer (b. 1913) * November 4 – David Stirling, British army officer, founder of the Special Air Service, SAS (b. 1915) * November 5 – Meir Kahane, American rabbi and political figure (b. 1932) * November 7 – Lawrence Durrell, British writer (b. 1912) * November 11 ** Rusty Goodman, American Southern Gospel singer (b. 1933) ** Sadi Irmak, Turkish politician, 17th Prime Minister of Turkey (b. 1904) ** Yiannis Ritsos, Greek poet (b. 1909) * November 12 – Eve Arden, American actress (b. 1908) * November 13 – Don Chaffey, British film director (b. 1917) *November 14 – Paula Nenette Pepin, French musician (b. 1908) * November 17 – Robert Hofstadter, American physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1915) * November 19 – Georgy Flyorov, Soviet nuclear physicist (b. 1913) * November 23 ** Roald Dahl, British novelist, short-story writer, poet, screenwriter, and wartime fighter pilot (b. 1916) ** Nguyễn Văn Tâm, South Vietnamese politician, 4th Prime Minister of the State of Vietnam (South Vietnam) (b. 1893) * November 24 – Dodie Smith, English novelist and playwright (b. 1896) * November 26 – Feng Youlan, Chinese philosopher (b. 1895) * November 27 – David White (actor), David White, American actor (b. 1916)


December

* December 1 ** Sergio Corbucci, Italian film director (b. 1927) ** Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit, Indian diplomat and politician (b. 1900) * December 2 ** Aaron Copland, American composer (b. 1900) ** Robert Cummings, American actor (b. 1910) * December 4 – Naoto Tajima, Japanese Olympic athlete (b. 1912) * December 6 – Tunku Abdul Rahman, 1st Prime Minister of Malaysia (b. 1903) * December 7 ** Reinaldo Arenas, Cuban writer (b. 1943) ** Joan Bennett, American actress (b. 1910) * December 8 ** Tadeusz Kantor, Polish painter, assemblage designer and theatre director (b. 1915) ** Boris Kochno, Russian poet, dancer, and librettist (b. 1906) ** Martin Ritt, American film director (b. 1914) * December 9 – Mike Mazurki, American actor and wrestler (b. 1909) * December 10 – Armand Hammer, American business tycoon (b. 1898) * December 11 – Concha Piquer, Spanish singer and actress (b. 1908) * December 13 – Alice Marble, American tennis champion (b. 1913) * December 14 – Friedrich Dürrenmatt, Swiss writer (b. 1921) * December 18 – Anne Revere, American actress (b. 1903) * December 23 – Wendell Scott, American race car driver (b. 1921) * December 24 – Thorbjørn Egner, Norwegian author (b. 1912) * December 31 – Vasily Lazarev, Soviet cosmonaut (b. 1928)


Nobel Prizes

* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Jerome Isaac Friedman, Henry Way Kendall, and Richard E. Taylor, Richard Edward Taylor * Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Elias James Corey * Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Physiology or Medicine – Joseph Murray, E. Donnall Thomas * Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Octavio Paz * Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – Mikhail Gorbachev * Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel – Harry Markowitz, Merton Miller, William F. Sharpe


Fields Medal

* Vladimir Drinfeld, Vaughan Jones, Shigefumi Mori, Edward Witten


References

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