1961 Soviet Nuclear Tests
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The Soviet Union's 1961 nuclear test series was a group of 57
nuclear test Nuclear weapons tests are experiments carried out to determine nuclear weapons' effectiveness, yield, and explosive capability. Testing nuclear weapons offers practical information about how the weapons function, how detonations are affected by ...
s conducted in 1961. These tests followed the '' 1958 Soviet nuclear tests'' series and preceded the ''
Soviet Project K nuclear tests The Soviet Union's K project nuclear test series was a group of five nuclear tests conducted in 1961–1962. These tests followed the 1961 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1962 Soviet nuclear tests series. The K project nuclear t ...
'' series.


Notes


References

{{reflist, refs= {{cite book, publisher=RFNC-VNIIEF, year=1996, title=USSR Nuclear Weapons Tests and Peaceful Nuclear Explosions 1949 through 1990, location=Sarov, Russia The official Russian list of Soviet tests. {{cite book, editor-last=Podvig, editor-first=Pavel, year=2001, title=Russian Strategic Nuclear Forces, publisher=MIT Press, location=Cambridge, MA, isbn=9780262661812, url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CPRVbYDc-7kC&pg=PA453, accessdate=9 January 2014 {{cite book, last1=Cochran, first1=Thomas B., last2=Arkin, first2=William M., first3=Robert S., last3=Norris, first4=Jeffrey I., last4=Sands, title=Nuclear Weapons Databook Vol. IV: Soviet Nuclear Weapons, publisher=Harper and Row, location=New York, NY {{cite techreport, title=Nuclear explosions in the USSR: The North Test Site reference material, version 4, date=1 December 2004, publisher=IAEA Dept. of Nuclear Safety and Security, url=http://www-ns.iaea.org/downloads/rw/waste-safety/north-test-site-final.pdf, accessdate=13 December 2013 {{cite techreport, publisher=Central Intelligence Agency, series=National Intelligence Estimate 11-2A-62, url=http://www.foia.cia.gov/sites/default/files/document_conversions/89801/DOC_0000843187.pdf, title=Soviet Atomic Energy Program, accessdate=12 August 2014, date=16 May 1962 {{cite techreport, last1=Yang, first1=Xiaoping, first2=Robert, last2=North, first3=Carl, last3=Romney, date=August 2000, title=CMR Nuclear Explosion Database (Revision 3), publisher=SMDC Monitoring Research {{cite techreport, last1=Andrushkin , first1=Vitaly V. , first2=William , last2=Leith , date=1 September 2001 , title=The containment of Soviet underground nuclear explosions , publisher=USGS , type=Open File Report 01-312 , url=http://geology.er.usgs.gov/eespteam/pdf/USGSOFR01312.pdf , accessdate=13 December 2013 , url-status=dead , archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130509080818/http://geology.er.usgs.gov/eespteam/pdf/USGSOFR01312.pdf , archivedate=9 May 2013 {{cite book, publisher=RFNC-VNIIEF, year=1998, title=USSR Nuclear Tests, Hydronuclear Experiments, Plutonium Inventory, location=Sarov, Russia {{cite web, last=Emanuelson, first=Jerry, title=Test 184, url=http://www.futurescience.com/emp/test184.html, accessdate=13 December 2013 {{cite techreport, last1=Stevens, first1=Jeffry L., first2=David A., last2=Adams, first3=G. Eli, last3=Baker, first4=Heming, last4=Xu, first5=John R., last5=Murphy, first6=Igor, last6=Divnor, first7=V. N., last7=Bourchik, first8=Ivan, last8=Kitov, title=Infrasound scaling and attenuation relations from Soviet explosion data and instrument design criteria from experiments and simulations, journal=21st Seismic Research Symposium, url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/253114871_INFRASOUND_SCALING_AND_ATTENUATION_RELATIONS_FROM_SOVIET_EXPLOSION_DATA_AND_INSTRUMENT_DESIGN_CRITERIA_FROM_EXPERIMENTS_AND_SIMULATIONS {{cite techreport, publisher=Defense Nuclear Agency, Department of Defense, location=Washington, DC, title=Operation Argus, 1958, type=DNA6039F, url=http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uiug.30112075683737;view=1up;seq=11, accessdate=26 November 2013 {{cite web, url=http://www.sonicbomb.com/modules.php?name=Forums&file=viewtopic&t=1627 , title=Early testing at Novaya Zemlya based on: {{cite web, url=http://wsyachina.narod.ru/history/testing_ground_25.html , title=Боевые стрельбы с ядерными взрывами > История > «Всякая всячина» — Библиотечка разных статей , accessdate=2011-01-22 , url-status=dead , archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101231080707/http://wsyachina.narod.ru/history/testing_ground_25.html , archivedate=31 December 2010 , http://flot.com/history/events/nucleararchipelago.htm and http://www.proatom.ru/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=2312 {{cite book, last=Penkovskiy, first=Oleg, year=1965, title=The Penkovskiy Papers, publisher=Doubleday and Co., location=Garden City, NY {{cite journal, last=Crampin, first=Stuart, year=1966, title=Higher-mode seismic surface waves from atmospheric nuclear explosions over Novaya Zemlya, doi=10.1029/jz071i012p02951, journal=Journal of Geophysical Research, volume=71, issue=12, pages=2951–2958, bibcode=1966JGR....71.2951C {{cite journal, authorlink1=Lester Machta, last1=Machta, first1=L. , last2=List, first2=R. J., first3=K., last3=Telegadas, year=1962, title=A survey of radioactive fallout from nuclear tests, doi=10.1029/jz067i004p01389, journal=Journal of Geophysical Research, volume=67, issue=4, pages=1389–1400, bibcode=1962JGR....67.1389M {{cite journal, journal=Science and Global Security, volume=13, number=1, doi=10.1080/08929880590961862, title=A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya Zemlya, 1955--1990, first1=Vitaly I., last1=Khalturin, first2=Tatyana G., last2=Rautian, first3=Paul G., last3=Richards, first4=William S., last4=Leith, url=http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/~richards/my_papers/khalturin_NZ_1-42%20.pdf, accessdate=12 August 2014, date=10 April 2004, pages=1–42, bibcode=2005S&GS...13....1K, s2cid=122069080 {{cite journal, last1=Stevens, first1=J. L., first2=I. I., last2=Divnov, first3=D. A., last3=Adams, first4=J. R., last4=Murphy, first5=V. N., last5=Bourchik, year=2002, doi=10.1007/s00024-002-8672-4, title=Constraints on infrasound scaling and attenuation relations from Soviet explosion data, journal=Pure and Applied Geophysics, volume=159, issue=5, pages=1045–1062, bibcode=2002PApGe.159.1045S, s2cid=140136024 {{cite journal, last1=Khalturin, first1=Vitaly I., first2=Tatyana G., last2=Rautian, first3=Paul G., last3=Richards, year=2000, doi=10.1007/pl00001153, title=Chemical explosions during 1961-1989 on the Semipalatinsk Test Site, Kazakhstan, journal=Pure and Applied Geophysics, volume=158, pages=143–171, s2cid=128953780, url=http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/res/div/sgt/vitaly/VIKh_papers/chemex_at_STS2000.pdf, accessdate=13 December 2013 {{cite book, last1=Weir, first1=Gary E., first2=Walter J., last2=Boyne, year= 2003, title=Rising Tide: The Untold Story of the Russian Submarines that Fought the Cold War, url=https://archive.org/details/risingtideuntold00weir_0, url-access=registration, publisher=Basic Books, location=New York, NY, isbn=9780465091126 {{cite techreport, last1=Eneva, first1=Mariana, first2=Jeffry L., last2=Stevens, first3=Jack, last3=Murphy, first4=Boris D., last4=Khristoforov, title=Effect of charge depth in Russian hydroacoustic data from nuclear and HE explosions, journal=22nd Seismic Research Review, url=https://www.nemre.nnsa.doe.gov/prod/researchreview/2000/05/0503.pdf, accessdate=20 January 2013{{Dead link, date=February 2019 , bot=InternetArchiveBot , fix-attempted=yes {{cite book, last=Zaloga, first=Steven J., year=2002, title=The Kremlin's Nuclear Sword: The Rise and Fall of Russia's Strategic Nuclear Forces, 1945-2000, publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press, location=Washington, DC
1961 Events January * January 3 ** United States President Dwight D. Eisenhower announces that the United States has severed diplomatic and consular relations with Cuba ( Cuba–United States relations are restored in 2015). ** Aero Flight 311 ...
1961 in the Soviet Union 1961 in military history Explosions in 1961