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January

* January 3José Ramón Guizado becomes president of
Panama Panama ( , ; es, link=no, Panamá ), officially the Republic of Panama ( es, República de Panamá), is a transcontinental country spanning the southern part of North America and the northern part of South America. It is bordered by Co ...
. * January 17 – , the first
nuclear-powered Nuclear power is the use of nuclear reactions to produce electricity. Nuclear power can be obtained from nuclear fission, nuclear decay and nuclear fusion reactions. Presently, the vast majority of electricity from nuclear power is produced b ...
submarine, puts to sea for the first time, from Groton, Connecticut. * January 1820
Battle of Yijiangshan Islands The Battle of Yijiangshan Islands () was a conflict between forces of the National Revolutionary Army (NRA) of the Republic of China and the People's Liberation Army (PLA) of the People's Republic of China, over one of the last strongholds ...
: The Chinese Communist People's Liberation Army seizes the islands from the Republic of China (Taiwan). * January 22 – In the United States, The Pentagon announces a plan to develop intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), armed with nuclear weapons. *
January 23 Events Pre-1600 * 393 – Roman emperor Theodosius I proclaims his eight-year-old son Honorius co-emperor. * 971 – Using crossbows, Song dynasty troops soundly defeat a war elephant corps of the Southern Han at Shao. *1264 & ...
– The Sutton Coldfield rail crash kills 17, near Birmingham, England. * January 25 – The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
announces the end of the war between the USSR and Germany, which began during World War II in 1941. * January 28 – The
United States Congress The United States Congress is the legislature of the federal government of the United States. It is bicameral, composed of a lower body, the House of Representatives, and an upper body, the Senate. It meets in the U.S. Capitol in Washing ...
authorizes President
Dwight D. Eisenhower Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower (born David Dwight Eisenhower; ; October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was an American military officer and statesman who served as the 34th president of the United States from 1953 to 1961. During World War II, ...
to use force to protect Formosa from the People's Republic of China.


February

* February 10 – The
United States Seventh Fleet The Seventh Fleet is a numbered fleet of the United States Navy. It is headquartered at U.S. Fleet Activities Yokosuka, in Yokosuka, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. It is part of the United States Pacific Fleet. At present, it is the largest of ...
helps the Republic of China evacuate the Chinese Nationalist army and residents from the
Tachen Islands The Dachen Islands, Tachen Islands or Tachens () are a group of islands off the coast of Taizhou, Zhejiang, China, in the East China Sea. They are administered by the Jiaojiang District of Taizhou. Before the First Taiwan Strait Crisis in 1955 ...
to
Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the nort ...
. * February 16 – Nearly 100 die in a fire at a home for the elderly in
Yokohama is the second-largest city in Japan by population and the most populous municipality of Japan. It is the capital city and the most populous city in Kanagawa Prefecture, with a 2020 population of 3.8 million. It lies on Tokyo Bay, south of T ...
, Japan. * February 19 – The
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization The Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) was an international organization for collective defense in Southeast Asia created by the Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty, or Manila Pact, signed in September 1954 in Manila, the Philipp ...
(SEATO) is established, at a meeting in
Bangkok Bangkok, officially known in Thai as Krung Thep Maha Nakhon and colloquially as Krung Thep, is the capital and most populous city of Thailand. The city occupies in the Chao Phraya River delta in central Thailand and has an estimated populati ...
. * February 22 – In Chicago's Democratic primary, Mayor Martin H. Kennelly loses to the head of the Cook County Democratic Party,
Richard J. Daley Richard Joseph Daley (May 15, 1902 – December 20, 1976) was an American politician who served as the Mayor of Chicago from 1955 and the chairman of the Cook County Democratic Party Central Committee from 1953 until his death. He has been cal ...
, 364,839 to 264,077. * February 24 – The Baghdad Pact (CENTO), originally known as
Middle East Treaty Organization The Middle East Treaty Organization (METO) is a non-governmental organization founded in 2017 by a coalition of civil-society activists and Nuclear disarmament, disarmament practitioners, with the aim to rid the Middle East of all Weapon of mass ...
(METO), is signed between Iraq and Turkey.


March

* March 2Claudette Colvin, a 15-year-old
African-American African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American" generally denotes descendants of ensl ...
girl, refuses to give up her seat on a bus in
Montgomery, Alabama Montgomery is the capital city of the U.S. state of Alabama and the county seat of Montgomery County. Named for the Irish soldier Richard Montgomery, it stands beside the Alabama River, on the coastal Plain of the Gulf of Mexico. In the 202 ...
, to a white woman after the driver demands it. She is carried off the bus backwards, while being kicked, handcuffed and harassed on the way to the police station. She becomes a plaintiff in '' Browder v. Gayle'' (1956), which rules bus segregation to be unconstitutional. * March 5 **
WBBJ-TV WBBJ-TV (channel 7) is a television station in Jackson, Tennessee, United States, affiliated with ABC and CBS. Owned by Bahakel Communications, the station maintains studios on Muse Street in Jackson, and its transmitter is located on Potts Ch ...
signs on the air in Jackson, Tennessee, with WDXI as its initial call-letters, to expand American commercial television in mostly rural areas. **
Elvis Presley Elvis Aaron Presley (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977), or simply Elvis, was an American singer and actor. Dubbed the "Honorific nicknames in popular music, King of Rock and Roll", he is regarded as Cultural impact of Elvis Presley, one ...
makes his television debut on "Louisiana Hayride", carried by KSLA-TV Shreveport in the United States. * March 7 – The
Broadway musical Broadway theatre,Although ''theater'' is generally the spelling for this common noun in the United States (see American and British English spelling differences), 130 of the 144 extant and extinct Broadway venues use (used) the spelling ''Th ...
version of ''
Peter Pan Peter Pan is a fictional character created by Scottish novelist and playwright J. M. Barrie. A free-spirited and mischievous young boy who can fly and never grows up, Peter Pan spends his never-ending childhood having adventures on the mythi ...
'', which had opened in 1954 starring Mary Martin, is presented on television for the first time by
NBC The National Broadcasting Company (NBC) is an American English-language commercial broadcast television and radio network. The flagship property of the NBC Entertainment division of NBCUniversal, a division of Comcast, its headquarters are l ...
-TV, with its original cast, as an installment of ''
Producers' Showcase ''Producers' Showcase'' is an American anthology television series that was telecast live during the 1950s in compatible color by NBC. With top talent, the 90-minute episodes, covering a wide variety of genres, aired under the title every fourth ...
''. It is also the first time that a stage musical is presented in its entirety on TV, almost exactly as it was performed on stage. This program gains the largest viewership of a TV special up to this time, and it becomes one of the first great TV family musical classics. *
March 17 Events Pre-1600 * 45 BC – In his last victory, Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger in the Battle of Munda. * 180 – Commodus becomes sole emperor of the Roman Empire at the age of ei ...
Richard Riot in
Montreal Montreal ( ; officially Montréal, ) is the second-most populous city in Canada and most populous city in the Canadian province of Quebec. Founded in 1642 as '' Ville-Marie'', or "City of Mary", it is named after Mount Royal, the triple ...
: 6,000 people protest the
suspension Suspension or suspended may refer to: Science and engineering * Suspension (topology), in mathematics * Suspension (dynamical systems), in mathematics * Suspension of a ring, in mathematics * Suspension (chemistry), small solid particles suspende ...
of French Canadian
ice hockey Ice hockey (or simply hockey) is a team sport played on ice skates, usually on an ice skating rink with lines and markings specific to the sport. It belongs to a family of sports called hockey. In ice hockey, two opposing teams use ice h ...
star Maurice Richard of the Montreal Canadiens by the National Hockey League, following a violent incident during a match. *
March 19 Events Pre-1600 * 1277 – The Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1277 is concluded, stipulating a two-year truce and renewing Venetian commercial privileges in the Byzantine Empire. * 1279 – A Mongol victory at the Battle of Yamen en ...
KXTV KXTV (channel 10) is a television station in Sacramento, California, United States, affiliated with ABC. Owned by Tegna Inc., the station maintains studios on Broadway, just south of US 50 at the south edge of downtown Sacramento, and its tra ...
signs on the air in
Sacramento, California ) , image_map = Sacramento County California Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Sacramento Highlighted.svg , mapsize = 250x200px , map_caption = Location within Sacramento ...
, as the 100th commercial television station in the United States. *
March 20 Events Pre-1600 * 673 – Emperor Tenmu of Japan assumes the Chrysanthemum Throne at the Palace of Kiyomihara in Asuka. * 1206 – Michael IV Autoreianos is appointed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople. * 1600 – The Link ...
– The movie adaptation of Evan Hunter's novel '' Blackboard Jungle'' premieres in the United States, featuring the famous single " Rock Around the Clock" by Bill Haley & His Comets. Teenagers jump from their seats to dance to the song.


April

* April 1EOKA starts a terrorist campaign against British rule in the Crown colony of Cyprus. * April 5 ** Winston Churchill resigns as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, due to ill-health, at the age of 80. **
Richard J. Daley Richard Joseph Daley (May 15, 1902 – December 20, 1976) was an American politician who served as the Mayor of Chicago from 1955 and the chairman of the Cook County Democratic Party Central Committee from 1953 until his death. He has been cal ...
defeats Robert Merrian to become Mayor of Chicago, by a vote of 708,222 to 581,555. *
April 6 Events Pre–1600 *46 BC – Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato (Cato the Younger) at the Battle of Thapsus. * 402 – Stilicho defeats the Visigoths under Alaric in the Battle of Pollentia. *13 ...
Anthony Eden becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. * April 10 – In the American
National Basketball Association The National Basketball Association (NBA) is a professional basketball league in North America. The league is composed of 30 teams (29 in the United States and 1 in Canada) and is one of the major professional sports leagues in the United St ...
championship, the
Syracuse Nationals The Philadelphia 76ers are an American basketball team currently playing in the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference in the National Basketball Association (NBA). The 76ers are third in NBA history in wins and playoff appearances. 1946– ...
defeat the Fort Wayne Pistons 92–91 in Game 7, to win the title. *
April 11 Events Pre-1600 * 491 – Flavius Anastasius becomes Byzantine emperor, with the name of Anastasius I. *1241 – Batu Khan defeats Béla IV of Hungary at the Battle of Mohi. *1512 – War of the League of Cambrai: Franco-Ferrare ...
** The
Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the nort ...
ese Kuomintang put a bomb on the airplane '' Kashmir Princess'', killing 16 but failing to assassinate the People's Republic of China leader, Zhou Enlai. **
Taekwondo ''Taekwondo'', ''Tae Kwon Do'' or ''Taekwon-Do'' (; ko, 태권도/跆拳道 ) is a Korean martial arts, Korean form of martial arts involving punching and kicking techniques, with emphasis on head-height kicks, spinning jump kicks, and fast k ...
, a form of Korean martial arts, is officially recognized in South Korea. *
April 12 Events Pre-1600 * 240 – Shapur I becomes co-emperor of the Sasanian Empire with his father Ardashir I. * 467 – Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 627 – King Edwin of Northumbria is converted to ...
– The Salk polio vaccine, having passed large-scale trials earlier in the United States, receives full approval by the
Food and Drug Administration The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA or US FDA) is a List of United States federal agencies, federal agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, Department of Health and Human Services. The FDA is respon ...
. * April 14 – The Detroit Red Wings win the Stanley Cup in North American ice hockey for the 7th time in franchise history, but will not win again until 1997. * April 14 – A 7.1 earthquake shakes the Chinese city of Kangding leaving 70 dead. *
April 15 Events Pre-1600 * 769 – The Lateran Council ends by condemning the Council of Hieria and anathematizing its iconoclastic rulings. * 1071 – Bari, the last Byzantine possession in southern Italy, is surrendered to Robert Guiscar ...
– The first franchised McDonald's restaurant is opened by
Ray Kroc Raymond Albert Kroc (October 5, 1902 – January 14, 1984) was an American businessman. He purchased the fast food company McDonald's in 1961 and was its CEO from 1967 to 1973. Kroc is credited with the global expansion of McDonald's, turnin ...
, in
Des Plaines, Illinois Des Plaines is a city in Cook County, Illinois, United States. Per the 2020 census, the population was 60,675. The city is a suburb of Chicago and is located just north of O'Hare International Airport. It is situated on and is named after the ...
. *
April 16 Events Pre-1600 * 1457 BC – Battle of Megido - the first battle to have been recorded in what is accepted as relatively reliable detail. * 69 – Defeated by Vitellius' troops at Bedriacum, Otho commits suicide. * 73 – Masad ...
– The Burma-Japan Peace Treaty, signed in Rangoon on November 5, 1954, comes into effect, formally ending a state of war between the two countries. * April 17Imre Nagy, the communist Premier of Hungary, is ousted for being too moderate. *
April 18 Events Pre-1600 * 796 – King Æthelred I of Northumbria is murdered in Coria (Corbridge), Corbridge by a group led by his ealdormen, Ealdred and Wada. The ''patrician'' Osbald of Northumbria, Osbald is crowned, but abdicates within 27 d ...
24 – The Asian-African Conference is held in Bandung, Indonesia.


May

*
May 5 Events Pre-1600 * 553 – The Second Council of Constantinople begins. *1215 – Rebel barons renounce their allegiance to King John of England — part of a chain of events leading to the signing of the Magna Carta. *1260 – Kub ...
West Germany becomes a sovereign country, recognized by important Western countries such as France, the United Kingdom, Canada and the United States. *
May 6 Events Pre-1600 * 1527 – Spanish and German troops sack Rome; many scholars consider this the end of the Renaissance. * 1536 – The Siege of Cuzco commences, in which Incan forces attempt to retake the city of Cuzco from the Sp ...
– The
Western European Union The Western European Union (WEU; french: Union de l'Europe occidentale, UEO; german: Westeuropäische Union, WEU) was the international organisation and military alliance that succeeded the Western Union (WU) after the 1954 amendment of the 1948 ...
Charter becomes effective. *
May 7 Events Pre-1600 * 351 – The Jewish revolt against Constantius Gallus breaks out after his arrival at Antioch. * 558 – In Constantinople, the dome of the Hagia Sophia collapses, twenty years after its construction. Justinian I imm ...
Newcastle United F.C. Newcastle United Football Club is an English professional football club, based in Newcastle upon Tyne, that plays in the Premier League – the top flight of English football. The club was founded in 1892 by the merger of Newcastle East End ...
in England win their fourth (and, as of 2022, last) Football League First Division title. * May 9 ** West Germany joins the
North Atlantic Treaty Organization The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, ; french: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, ), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 30 member states – 28 European and two No ...
(NATO). ** A young
Jim Henson James Maury Henson (September 24, 1936 – May 16, 1990) was an American puppeteer, animator, cartoonist, actor, inventor, and filmmaker who achieved worldwide notice as the creator of The Muppets and '' Fraggle Rock'' (1983–1987) and ...
introduces the earliest version of
Kermit the Frog Kermit the Frog is a Muppet character created and originally performed by Jim Henson. Introduced in 1955, Kermit serves as the everyman protagonist of numerous Muppet productions, most notably ''Sesame Street'' and ''The Muppet Show'', as well ...
(made in March), in the premiere of his puppet show ''
Sam and Friends ''Sam and Friends'' is an American live-action/puppet sketch comedy television series and a lead-in to ''The Tonight Show'' created by puppeteer Jim Henson and his eventual wife Jane Nebel. It was taped and aired twice daily as a local series in ...
'', on
WRC-TV WRC-TV (channel 4) is a television station in Washington, D.C., airing programming from the NBC network. It is owned and operated by the network's NBC Owned Television Stations division alongside Class A Telemundo outlet WZDC-CD (channel 44 ...
in Washington, D.C. * May 11Japanese National Railways' ferry ''Shiun Maru'' sinks after a collision with sister ship ''Uko Maru'', in thick fog off Takamatsu, Shikoku, in the Seto Inland Sea of Japan; 166 passengers (many children) and 2 crew members are killed. This event is influential in plans to construct the
Akashi Kaikyō Bridge The is a suspension bridge which links the city of Kobe on the Japanese island of Honshu to Iwaya on Awaji Island. It is part of the Kobe-Awaji-Naruto Expressway, and crosses the busy and turbulent Akashi Strait (''Akashi Kaikyō'' in Japanese ...
(built 1986–98). *
May 12 Events Pre-1600 * 254 – Pope Stephen I succeeds Pope Lucius I, becoming the 23rd pope of the Catholic Church, and immediately takes a stand against Novatianism. * 907 – Zhu Wen forces Emperor Ai into abdicating, ending the Tang d ...
– New York's Third Avenue Elevated runs its last train between Chatham Square in Manhattan and East 149th Street in the Bronx, thus ending elevated train service in
Manhattan Manhattan (), known regionally as the City, is the most densely populated and geographically smallest of the five boroughs of New York City. The borough is also coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state ...
. * May 14 ** Eight Communist Bloc countries, including the
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
, sign a mutual defence treaty in
Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...
, Poland, that is called the
Warsaw Pact The Warsaw Pact (WP) or Treaty of Warsaw, formally the Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance, was a collective defense treaty signed in Warsaw, Poland, between the Soviet Union and seven other Eastern Bloc socialist repub ...
(it will be dissolved in
1991 File:1991 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Boris Yeltsin, elected as Russia's first president, waves the new flag of Russia after the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, orchestrated by Soviet hardliners; Mount Pinatubo erupts in the Phi ...
). ** Warrington win the British Rugby League Championship title for the third time; they will not win it again within the following 60 years. * May 15 ** The Austrian State Treaty, which restores Austria's national sovereignty, is concluded between the 4 occupying powers following World War II (the United Kingdom, the United States, the Soviet Union, and France) and Austria, setting it up as a neutral country. **
Lionel Terray Lionel Terray (25 July 1921 – 19 September 1965) was a French people, French climber who made many first ascents, including on the 1955 French Makalu expedition in the Himalaya (with Jean Couzy on 15 May 1955) and Fitz-Roy, Cerro Fitz Roy in t ...
and Jean Couzy become the first people to reach the summit of
Makalu Makalu ( ne, मकालु हिमाल, Makālu himāl; zh, t=馬卡魯峰, p=Mǎkǎlǔ fēng) is the fifth highest mountain in the world at . It is located in the Mahalangur Himalayas southeast of Mount Everest, in Nepal. One of th ...
, the fifth-highest mountain in the world, on the 1955 French Makalu expedition. The entire team of climbers reaches the summit over the next two days. * May 18 – Free movement of residents between
North North is one of the four compass points or cardinal directions. It is the opposite of south and is perpendicular to east and west. ''North'' is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or geography. Etymology The word ''north ...
and South Vietnam ends. *
May 25 Events Pre-1600 * 567 BC – Servius Tullius, the king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victory over the Etruscans. *240 BC – First recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. * 1085 – Alfonso VI of Castile takes Tol ...
Joe Brown and
George Band George Christopher Band (2 February 1929 – 26 August 2011) was an English mountaineer. He was the youngest climber on the 1953 British expedition to Mount Everest on which Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay made the first ascent of the mountai ...
are the first to reach the summit of
Kangchenjunga Kangchenjunga, also spelled Kanchenjunga, Kanchanjanghā (), and Khangchendzonga, is the third highest mountain in the world. Its summit lies at in a section of the Himalayas, the ''Kangchenjunga Himal'', which is bounded in the west by the ...
in the Himalayas, as part of the British Kangchenjunga expedition led by Charles Evans.


June

*
June 7 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Emperor Theodosius II marries Aelia Eudocia at Constantinople (Byzantine Empire). * 879 – Pope John VIII recognizes the Duchy of Croatia under Duke Branimir as an independent state. * 1002 – Henr ...
– The television quiz program ''
The $64,000 Question ''The $64,000 Question'' was an American game show broadcast in primetime on CBS-TV from 1955 to 1958, which became embroiled in the 1950s quiz show scandals. Contestants answered general knowledge questions, earning money which doubled as the ...
'' premieres on
CBS CBS Broadcasting Inc., commonly shortened to CBS, the abbreviation of its former legal name Columbia Broadcasting System, is an American commercial broadcast television and radio network serving as the flagship property of the CBS Entertainm ...
-TV in the United States, with Hal March as the host. *
June 11 Events Pre-1600 * 173 – Marcomannic Wars: The Roman army in Moravia is encircled by the Quadi, who have broken the peace treaty (171). In a violent thunderstorm emperor Marcus Aurelius defeats and subdues them in the so-called "miracle ...
Le Mans disaster: Eighty-three people are killed and at least 100 are injured, after two race cars collide in the
1955 24 Hours of Le Mans The 1955 24 Hours of Le Mans was the 23rd 24 Hours of Le Mans and took place on 11 and 12 June 1955 on Circuit de la Sarthe. It was also the fourth round of the F.I.A. World Sports Car Championship. During the race, Pierre Levegh crashed into a ...
. *
June 13 Events Pre-1600 * 313 – The decisions of the Edict of Milan, signed by Constantine the Great and co-emperor Valerius Licinius, granting religious freedom throughout the Roman Empire, are published in Nicomedia. * 1325 – Ibn Battuta ...
Mir Mine The Mir mine (russian: кимберлитовая алмазная трубка «Мир» ''kimberlitovaya almaznaya trubka "Mir"''; English: kimberlite diamond pipe "Peace"), also called the Mirny mine, is an open pit diamond mine located in ...
, the first diamond mine in the
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
, is discovered. *
June 16 Events Pre-1600 * 363 – Emperor Julian marches back up the Tigris and burns his fleet of supply ships. During the withdrawal, Roman forces suffer several attacks from the Persians. * 632 – Yazdegerd III ascends the throne as king ...
– ''
Lady and the Tramp ''Lady and the Tramp'' is a 1955 American animated musical romance film produced by Walt Disney and released by Buena Vista Film Distribution. The 15th Disney animated feature film, it was directed by Clyde Geronimi, Wilfred Jackson, and ...
'', the Walt Disney company's 15th animated film, premieres in
Chicago (''City in a Garden''); I Will , image_map = , map_caption = Interactive Map of Chicago , coordinates = , coordinates_footnotes = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name ...
. *
June 26 Events Pre-1600 * 4 – Augustus adopts Tiberius. * 221 – Roman emperor Elagabalus adopts his cousin Alexander Severus as his heir and receives the title of Caesar. * 363 – Roman emperor Julian is killed during the retreat fr ...
– The Freedom Charter of the anti- apartheid
South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the Southern Africa, southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline that stretch along the Atlantic Ocean, South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the ...
n Congress Alliance is adopted, at a Congress of the People in
Kliptown Kliptown is a suburb of the formerly black township of Soweto in Gauteng, South Africa, located about 17 km south-west of Johannesburg. Kliptown is the oldest residential district of Soweto, and was first laid out in 1891 on land which form ...
.


July

* July 1 – Transformation from the Imperial Bank of India to the State Bank of India is given legal recognition through an Act of the Parliament of India. *
July 7 Events Pre-1600 * 1124 – The city of Tyre falls to the Venetian Crusade after a siege of nineteen weeks. * 1456 – A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her execution. * 1520 – Spanish ''conquistad ...
– The New Zealand Special Air Service is formed. *
July 13 Events Pre-1600 * 1174 – William I of Scotland, a key rebel in the Revolt of 1173–74, is captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to Henry II of England. * 1249 – Coronation of Alexander III as King of Scots. *1260 – The Livon ...
Ruth Ellis is hanged for murder in London, becoming the last woman ever to be executed in the United Kingdom. *
July 17 Events Pre-1600 * 180 – Twelve inhabitants of Scillium (near Kasserine, modern-day Tunisia) in North Africa are executed for being Christians. This is the earliest record of Christianity in that part of the world. *1048 – Damasu ...
** The Disneyland theme park opens in
Anaheim, California Anaheim ( ) is a city in northern Orange County, California, part of the Los Angeles metropolitan area. As of the 2020 United States Census, the city had a population of 346,824, making it the most populous city in Orange County, the 10th-most ...
, an event broadcast on the
American Broadcasting Company The American Broadcasting Company (ABC) is an American commercial broadcast television network. It is the flagship property of the ABC Entertainment Group division of The Walt Disney Company. The network is headquartered in Burbank, Cali ...
television network. ** The first atomic-generated electrical power is sold commercially, partially powering
Arco, Idaho Arco is a city in Butte County, Idaho, Butte County, Idaho, United States. The population was 879 as of the 2020 United States census, down from 995 at the 2010 United States Census, 2010 census. Arco is the county seat and largest city in Butte ...
, from the U.S. National Reactor Testing Station; on July 18,
Schenectady, New York Schenectady () is a city in Schenectady County, New York, United States, of which it is the county seat. As of the 2020 census, the city's population of 67,047 made it the state's ninth-largest city by population. The city is in eastern New Y ...
, receives power from a prototype nuclear submarine reactor at Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory."1955". ''Houghton Mifflin Guide to Science & Technology''. * July 18 – Illinois Governor William Stratton signs the Loyalty Oath Act, that mandates all public employees take a loyalty oath to the State of Illinois and the United States or lose their jobs. * July 1823Geneva Summit between the United States, Soviet Union, United Kingdom and France. * July 22 – In Long Beach,
California California is a state in the Western United States, located along the Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the most populous U.S. state and the 3rd largest by area. It is also the m ...
(United States), Hillevi Rombin of Sweden is crowned Miss Universe. *
July 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1054 – Siward, Earl of Northumbria, invades Scotland and defeats Macbeth, King of Scotland, somewhere north of the Firth of Forth. * 1189 – Friedrich Barbarossa arrives at Niš, the capital of Serbian King Ste ...
El Al Flight 402 from
Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...
(Austria) to Tel Aviv, via
Istanbul ) , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = 34000 to 34990 , area_code = +90 212 (European side) +90 216 (Asian side) , registration_plate = 34 , blank_name_sec2 = GeoTLD , blank_i ...
, is shot down over Bulgaria. All 58 passengers and crewmen aboard the
Lockheed Constellation The Lockheed Constellation ("Connie") is a propeller-driven, four-engined airliner built by Lockheed Corporation starting in 1943. The Constellation series was the first pressurized-cabin civil airliner series to go into widespread use. Its press ...
are killed. *
July 28 Events Pre-1600 *1364 – Troops of the Republic of Pisa and the Republic of Florence clash in the Battle of Cascina. *1540 – Henry VIII of England marries his fifth wife, Catherine Howard, on the same day his former Chancellor, Thom ...
– The first
Interlingua Interlingua (; ISO 639 language codes ia, ina) is an international auxiliary language (IAL) developed between 1937 and 1951 by the American International Auxiliary Language Association (IALA). It ranks among the most widely used IALs and is t ...
Congress is held in Tours, France, leading to the foundation of the Union Mundial pro Interlingua.


August

*
August 1 Events Pre-1600 *30 BC – Octavian (later known as Augustus) enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Republic. *AD 69 – Batavian rebellion: The Batavians in Germania Inferior (Netherlands) revolt under ...
– The prototype Lockheed U-2 reconnaissance aircraft first flies, in Nevada. *
August 18 Events Pre-1600 * 684 – Battle of Marj Rahit: Umayyad partisans defeat the supporters of Ibn al-Zubayr and cement Umayyad control of Syria. * 707 – Princess Abe accedes to the imperial Japanese throne as Empress Genmei. *1304 & ...
** The
First Sudanese Civil War The First Sudanese Civil War (also known as the Anyanya Rebellion or Anyanya I, after the name of the rebels, a term in the Madi language which means 'snake venom') was a conflict from 1955 to 1972 between the northern part of Sudan and the sou ...
begins. ** The first meeting of the Organization of Central American States ( es, Organización de Estados Centroamericanos, ODECA) is held, in Antigua Guatemala. * August 19
Hurricane Diane Hurricane Diane was the first Atlantic hurricane to cause more than an estimated $1 billion in damage (in 1955 dollars, which would be $ today), including direct costs and the loss of business and personal revenue. It formed on August 7 ...
hits the northeastern United States, killing over 200 people and causing over $1 billion in damage. *
August 20 Events Pre-1600 * AD 14 – Agrippa Postumus, maternal grandson of the late Roman emperor Augustus, is mysteriously executed by his guards while in exile. * 636 – Battle of Yarmouk: Arab forces led by Khalid ibn al-Walid take con ...
– Hundreds of people are killed in anti-French rioting in
Morocco Morocco (),, ) officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is the westernmost country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It overlooks the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria t ...
and
Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , relig ...
. *
August 22 Events Pre-1600 * 392 – Arbogast has Eugenius elected Western Roman Emperor. * 851 – Battle of Jengland: Erispoe defeats Charles the Bald near the Breton town of Jengland. *1138 – Battle of the Standard between Scotland a ...
– Eleven schoolchildren are killed when their school bus is hit by a freight train in Spring City, Tennessee. *
August 25 Events Pre-1600 * 19 – The Roman general Germanicus dies near Antioch. He was convinced that the mysterious illness that ended in his death was a result of poisoning by the Syrian governor Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso, whom he had ordered to ...
– The last Soviet Army forces leave Austria. *
August 26 Events Pre-1600 * 683 – Yazid I's army kills 11,000 people of Medina including notable Sahabas in Battle of al-Harrah. *1071 – The Seljuq Turks defeat the Byzantine army at the Battle of Manzikert, and soon gain control of most ...
Satyajit Ray's film '' Pather Panchali'' is released in
India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...
. *
August 27 Events Pre-1600 * 410 – The sacking of Rome by the Visigoths ends after three days. * 1172 – Henry the Young King and Margaret of France are crowned junior king and queen of England. *1232 – Shikken Hojo Yasutoki of the K ...
– The first edition of the '' Guinness Book of Records'' is published, in London. * August 28 – Black 14-year-old Emmett Till is
lynched Lynching is an extrajudicial killing by a group. It is most often used to characterize informal public executions by a mob in order to punish an alleged transgressor, punish a convicted transgressor, or intimidate people. It can also be an ex ...
and shot in the head for allegedly grabbing and threatening a white woman in Money, Mississippi; his white murderers, Roy Bryant and J. W. Milam, are acquitted by an all-white jury.


September

* September 2 – Under the guidance of Dr.
Humphry Osmond Humphry Fortescue Osmond (1 July 1917 – 6 February 2004) was an English psychiatrist who expatriated to Canada, then moved to work in the United States. He is known for inventing the word ''psychedelic'' and for his research into interesting a ...
,
Christopher Mayhew Christopher Paget Mayhew, Baron Mayhew (12 June 1915 – 7 January 1997) was a British politician who was a Labour Member of Parliament (MP) from 1945 to 1950 and from 1951 to 1974, when he left the Labour Party to join the Liberals. In 1981 ...
ingests 400 mg of mescaline hydrochloride and allows himself to be filmed as part of a '' Panorama'' special for BBC TV in the U.K. that is never broadcast. * September 3Little Richard records "
Tutti Frutti Tutti frutti (from Italian ''tutti i frutti'', "all fruits"; also hyphenated tutti-frutti) is a colorful confectionery containing various chopped and usually candied fruits, or an artificial or natural flavouring simulating the combined flavou ...
" in New Orleans; it is released in October. *
September 6 Events Pre-1600 * 394 – Battle of the Frigidus: Roman emperor Theodosius I defeats and kills Eugenius the usurper. His Frankish ''magister militum'' Arbogast escapes but commits suicide two days later. *1492 – Christopher Colu ...
Istanbul pogrom:
Istanbul ) , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = 34000 to 34990 , area_code = +90 212 (European side) +90 216 (Asian side) , registration_plate = 34 , blank_name_sec2 = GeoTLD , blank_i ...
's Greek minority is the target of a government-sponsored pogrom. *
September 10 Events Pre-1600 * 506 – The bishops of Visigothic Gaul meet in the Council of Agde. *1419 – John the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy is assassinated by adherents of the Dauphin, the future Charles VII of France. * 1509 – An eart ...
– The long-running
Western Western may refer to: Places *Western, Nebraska, a village in the US *Western, New York, a town in the US *Western Creek, Tasmania, a locality in Australia *Western Junction, Tasmania, a locality in Australia *Western world, countries that id ...
television series '' Gunsmoke'' debuts, on the
CBS CBS Broadcasting Inc., commonly shortened to CBS, the abbreviation of its former legal name Columbia Broadcasting System, is an American commercial broadcast television and radio network serving as the flagship property of the CBS Entertainm ...
network in the United States. *
September 14 Events Pre-1600 *AD 81 – Domitian becomes Emperor of the Roman Empire upon the death of his brother Titus. * 629 – Emperor Heraclius enters Constantinople in triumph after his victory over the Persian Empire. * 786 – "Night ...
– Pope Pius XII elevates many of the Apostolic vicariates in Africa to
Metropolitan Archdiocese A metropolis religious jurisdiction, or a metropolitan archdiocese, is an episcopal see whose bishop is the metropolitan bishop or archbishop of an ecclesiastical province. Metropolises, historically, have been important cities in their provinces. ...
s. * September 15
Vladimir Nabokov Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov (russian: link=no, Владимир Владимирович Набоков ; 2 July 1977), also known by the pen name Vladimir Sirin (), was a Russian-American novelist, poet, translator, and entomologist. Bor ...
's controversial novel '' Lolita'' is published in Paris, by
Olympia Press Olympia Press was a Paris-based publisher, launched in 1953 by Maurice Girodias as a rebranded version of the Obelisk Press he inherited from his father Jack Kahane. It published a mix of erotic fiction and avant-garde literary fiction, and is b ...
. * September 16 ** The military coup to unseat President Juan Perón of Argentina is launched at midnight. ** A Soviet Navy Zulu-class submarine becomes the first to launch a ballistic missile. * September 18 – The United Kingdom formally annexes the uninhabited Atlantic island of Rockall. *
September 19 Events Pre-1600 * 85 – Nerva, suspected of complicity of the death of Domitian, is declared emperor by Senate. The Senate then annuls laws passed by Domitian and orders his statues to be destroyed. * 634 – Siege of Damascus: Th ...
21President of Argentina Juan Perón is ousted in a military coup. *
September 19 Events Pre-1600 * 85 – Nerva, suspected of complicity of the death of Domitian, is declared emperor by Senate. The Senate then annuls laws passed by Domitian and orders his statues to be destroyed. * 634 – Siege of Damascus: Th ...
Hurricane Hilda kills about 200 people in Mexico. * September 2130Hurricane Janet, one of the strongest North Atlantic tropical cyclones on record, sweeps the
Lesser Antilles The Lesser Antilles ( es, link=no, Antillas Menores; french: link=no, Petites Antilles; pap, Antias Menor; nl, Kleine Antillen) are a group of islands in the Caribbean Sea. Most of them are part of a long, partially volcanic island arc bet ...
and Mexico, causing more than 1,020 deaths. * September 22
Commercial television Commercial broadcasting (also called private broadcasting) is the broadcasting of television programs and radio programming by privately owned corporate media, as opposed to state sponsorship. It was the United States′ first model of radio (a ...
starts in the United Kingdom with the
Independent Television Authority The Independent Television Authority (ITA) was an agency created by the Television Act 1954 to supervise the creation of "Independent Television" ( ITV), the first commercial television network in the United Kingdom. The ITA existed from 1954 un ...
's first ITV franchises beginning broadcasting in London, ending the
BBC #REDIRECT BBC #REDIRECT BBC Here i going to introduce about the best teacher of my life b BALAJI sir. He is the precious gift that I got befor 2yrs . How has helped and thought all the concept and made my success in the 10th board exam. ...
...
monopoly. * September 23: A 6.8 earthquake shakes the Chinese county of
Huili Huili (; Yi: or ''nyi ddix xiep'' or ''hop li xiep'') is a county-level city of far southern Sichuan province, China. It is under the administration of the Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture. The county-level city was severely affected by t ...
, leaving 728 dead and 1,547 injured. *
September 24 Events Pre-1600 *787 – Second Council of Nicaea: The council assembles at the church of Hagia Sophia. *1568 – Spanish naval forces defeat an English fleet, under the command of John Hawkins, at the Battle of San Juan de Ulúa near ...
Dwight D. Eisenhower Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower (born David Dwight Eisenhower; ; October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was an American military officer and statesman who served as the 34th president of the United States from 1953 to 1961. During World War II, ...
, President of the United States, suffers a
coronary thrombosis Coronary thrombosis is defined as the formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel of the heart. This blood clot may then restrict blood flow within the heart, leading to heart tissue damage, or a myocardial infarction, also known as a heart at ...
while on vacation in Denver, Colorado. Vice President
Nixon Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as a representative and senator from California and was ...
serves as Acting President while Eisenhower recovers. *
September 24 Events Pre-1600 *787 – Second Council of Nicaea: The council assembles at the church of Hagia Sophia. *1568 – Spanish naval forces defeat an English fleet, under the command of John Hawkins, at the Battle of San Juan de Ulúa near ...
– the body of
Glycine Watch SA Glycine Watch SA, or simply Glycine (), is a Swiss watchmaker founded in 1914 in Biel/Bienne, Switzerland, where its manufacturing and headquarters remain today. In 1930, Glycine released the first mass-produced automatic watches, and in 1959, it ...
founder Eugène Meylan, age 64, found stoned to death * September 30 – Actor James Dean is killed when his automobile collides with another car at a highway junction, near Cholame, California.


October

* October 2 – '' Alfred Hitchcock Presents'' debuts on the
CBS CBS Broadcasting Inc., commonly shortened to CBS, the abbreviation of its former legal name Columbia Broadcasting System, is an American commercial broadcast television and radio network serving as the flagship property of the CBS Entertainm ...
TV network in the United States. *
October 3 Events Pre-1600 * 2457 BC – Gaecheonjeol, Hwanung (환웅) purportedly descended from heaven. South Korea's National Foundation Day. * 52 BC – Gallic Wars: Vercingetorix, leader of the Gauls, surrenders to the Romans under Juliu ...
– '' The Mickey Mouse Club'' debuts on the ABC-TV network in the United States. *
October 4 Events Pre-1600 *AD 23 – Rebels sack the Chinese capital Chang'an during a peasant rebellion. *1209 – Otto IV is crowned Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by Pope Innocent III. *1302 – The Byzantine–Venetian War comes t ...
– The Reverend Sun Myung Moon is released from prison in
Seoul Seoul (; ; ), officially known as the Seoul Special City, is the capital and largest metropolis of South Korea.Before 1972, Seoul was the ''de jure'' capital of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) as stated iArticle 103 of ...
, South Korea. *
October 5 Events Pre-1600 * 610 – Heraclius arrives at Constantinople, kills Byzantine Emperor Phocas, and becomes emperor. * 816 – King Louis the Pious is crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by the Pope. * 869 – The Fourth Coun ...
Disneyland Hotel opens to the public in
Anaheim, California Anaheim ( ) is a city in northern Orange County, California, part of the Los Angeles metropolitan area. As of the 2020 United States Census, the city had a population of 346,824, making it the most populous city in Orange County, the 10th-most ...
. *
October 11 Events Pre-1600 *1138 – A massive earthquake strikes Aleppo; it is one of the most destructive earthquakes ever. *1142 – A peace treaty ends the Jin–Song wars. * 1311 – The peerage and clergy restrict the authority of Engl ...
– 70-mm film for projection is introduced, with the theatrical release of Rodgers and Hammerstein's musical film, ''
Oklahoma! ''Oklahoma!'' is the first musical written by the duo of Rodgers and Hammerstein. The musical is based on Lynn Riggs' 1931 play, ''Green Grow the Lilacs''. Set in farm country outside the town of Claremore, Indian Territory, in 1906, it tell ...
''. * October 14 – The Organization of Central American States secretariat is inaugurated. *
October 20 Events Pre-1600 *1568 – The Spanish Duke of Alba defeats a Dutch rebel force under William the Silent. * 1572 – Eighty Years' War: Three thousand Spanish soldiers wade through fifteen miles of water in one night to effect the re ...
Disc jockey
Bill Randle Bill Randle (March 14, 1923 – July 9, 2004) was an American disc jockey, lawyer and university professor. Randle was born William McKinley Randle Jr. in Detroit, Michigan. In Detroit, he hosted a popular show on WJLB-AM radio (now WDTK) calle ...
of
WERE ''Were'' and ''wer'' are archaic terms for adult male humans and were often used for alliteration with wife as "were and wife" in Germanic-speaking cultures ( ang, wer, odt, wer, got, waír, ofs, wer, osx, wer, goh, wer, non, verr). In ...
(
Cleveland Cleveland ( ), officially the City of Cleveland, is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Cuyahoga County. Located in the northeastern part of the state, it is situated along the southern shore of Lake Erie, across the U.S. ...
) is the key presenter of a concert at Brooklyn High School (Ohio), featuring Pat Boone and Bill Haley & His Comets, and opening with
Elvis Presley Elvis Aaron Presley (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977), or simply Elvis, was an American singer and actor. Dubbed the "Honorific nicknames in popular music, King of Rock and Roll", he is regarded as Cultural impact of Elvis Presley, one ...
(Elvis's first filmed performance), for a documentary on Randle titled '' The Pied Piper of Cleveland''. *
October 26 Events Pre-1600 * 1185 – The Uprising of Asen and Peter begins on the feast day of St. Demetrius of Thessaloniki and ends with the creation of the Second Bulgarian Empire. * 1341 – The Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347 formally b ...
** After the last Allied troops have left
Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...
, and following the provisions of the Austrian Independence Treaty, the country declares its permanent neutrality. ** Ngô Đình Diệm proclaims Vietnam to be a republic, with himself as its President (following the State of Vietnam referendum on
October 23 Events Pre-1600 *4004 BC – James Ussher's proposed creation date of the world according to the Bible. *42 BC – Liberators' civil war: Mark Antony and Octavian decisively defeat an army under Brutus in the second part of the Batt ...
), and forms the Army of the Republic of Vietnam. *
October 27 Events Pre-1600 * 312 – Constantine is said to have received his famous Vision of the Cross. * 1275 – Traditional founding of the city of Amsterdam. * 1524 – French troops lay siege to Pavia. * 1553 – Condemned as ...
– The film ''
Rebel Without a Cause ''Rebel Without a Cause'' is a 1955 American coming-of-age drama film about emotionally confused suburban, middle-class teenagers. Filmed in the then recently introduced CinemaScope format and directed by Nicholas Ray, it offered both social com ...
'', starring James Dean, is released in the United States. *
October 29 Events Pre-1600 * 312 – Constantine the Great enters Rome after his victory at the Battle of the Milvian Bridge, stages a grand '' adventus'' in the city, and is met with popular jubilation. Maxentius' body is fished out of the Tiber an ...
Soviet battleship ''Novorossiysk'' explodes at moorings in Sevastopol Bay, killing 608 (the
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
's worst naval disaster to date).


November

* November 1 ** Official start date of the
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vietnam a ...
between the Democratic Republic of Vietnam and
Republic of Vietnam South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam ( vi, Việt Nam Cộng hòa), was a state in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975, the period when the southern portion of Vietnam was a member of the Western Bloc during part of t ...
; the north is allied with the
Viet Cong , , war = the Vietnam War , image = FNL Flag.svg , caption = The flag of the Viet Cong, adopted in 1960, is a variation on the flag of North Vietnam. Sometimes the lower stripe was green. , active ...
. ** A time bomb explodes in the cargo hold of
United Airlines Flight 629 United Air Lines Flight 629, registration N37559, was a Douglas DC-6B aircraft also known as "Mainliner Denver", that was blown up on November 1, 1955, by a dynamite bomb placed in the checked luggage. The explosion occurred over Longmont, Colo ...
, a
Douglas DC-6 The Douglas DC-6 is a piston-powered airliner and cargo aircraft built by the Douglas Aircraft Company from 1946 to 1958. Originally intended as a military transport near the end of World War II, it was reworked after the war to compete with t ...
B, over Longmont, Colorado, killing all 39 passengers and 5 crew members on board. *
November 3 Events Pre-1600 * 361 – Emperor Constantius II dies of a fever at Mopsuestia in Cilicia; on his deathbed he is baptised and declares his cousin Julian rightful successor. *1333 – The River Arno floods causing massive damage in Fl ...
– The Rimutaka Tunnel opens on the New Zealand Railways, at 5.46 mi (8.79 km), the longest in the Southern Hemisphere at this time. * November 5 - Emmett "Doc" Brown invents time travel * November 15 – The Democratic Party of Japan and Japan Liberal Party merge to form the Japan Liberal Democratic Party, beginning the " 1955 System". * November 19C. Northcote Parkinson first propounds ' Parkinson's law', in ''
The Economist ''The Economist'' is a British weekly newspaper printed in demitab format and published digitally. It focuses on current affairs, international business, politics, technology, and culture. Based in London, the newspaper is owned by The Eco ...
''. * November 20
Bo Diddley Ellas McDaniel (born Ellas Otha Bates; December 30, 1928 – June 2, 2008), known professionally as Bo Diddley, was an American guitarist who played a key role in the transition from the blues to rock and roll. He influenced many artists, inc ...
makes his television debut on
Ed Sullivan Edward Vincent Sullivan (September 28, 1901 – October 13, 1974) was an American television personality, impresario, sports and entertainment reporter, and syndicated columnist for the ''New York Daily News'' and the Chicago Tribune New Yor ...
's ''Toast Of The Town'' show for the CBS-TV network in the United States. *
November 23 Events Pre-1600 * 534 BC – Thespis of Icaria becomes the first recorded actor to portray a character on stage. * 1248 – Conquest of Seville by Christian troops under King Ferdinand III of Castile. * 1499 – Pretender to the t ...
– The
Cocos Islands ) , anthem = "''Advance Australia Fair''" , song_type = , song = , image_map = Australia on the globe (Cocos (Keeling) Islands special) (Southeast Asia centered).svg , map_alt = Location of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands , map_caption = ...
in the Indian Ocean are transferred from British to Australian control. * November 26 – The British Governor of Cyprus declares a state of emergency on the island. * November 27 – The
Westboro Baptist Church The Westboro Baptist Church (WBC) is a small American, unaffiliated Primitive Baptist church in Topeka, Kansas, founded in 1955 by pastor Fred Phelps. Labeled a hate group, WBC is known for engaging in homophobic and anti-American pickets, ...
holds its first service in Topeka, Kansas.


December

* December 1 – In
Montgomery, Alabama Montgomery is the capital city of the U.S. state of Alabama and the county seat of Montgomery County. Named for the Irish soldier Richard Montgomery, it stands beside the Alabama River, on the coastal Plain of the Gulf of Mexico. In the 202 ...
, Rosa Parks refuses to obey bus driver James F. Blake's order that she give up her seat to make room for a white passenger, and is arrested, leading to the Montgomery bus boycott. * December 4 – The International Federation of Blood Donor Organizations is founded in Luxembourg. * December 5 ** The American Federation of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organizations merge, to become the AFL–CIO. ** The Montgomery Improvement Association is formed in
Montgomery, Alabama Montgomery is the capital city of the U.S. state of Alabama and the county seat of Montgomery County. Named for the Irish soldier Richard Montgomery, it stands beside the Alabama River, on the coastal Plain of the Gulf of Mexico. In the 202 ...
, by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., and other Black ministers to coordinate the Montgomery bus boycott by Black people. * December 9 – Adnan Menderes of Democrat Party (Turkey, historical), DP forms the new government of Turkey (22nd government). * December 10 – 1955 Australian federal election: Robert Menzies' Liberal Party of Australia, Liberal/National Party of Australia, Country Coalition (Australia), Coalition Menzies Government (1949-66), Government is re-elected with a substantially increased majority, defeating the Australian Labor Party, Labor Party led by H. V. Evatt. This election comes in the immediate aftermath of the devastating Australian Labor Party split of 1955, split in the Labor Party, which leads to the formation of the Democratic Labor Party (historical), Democratic Labor Party. The DLP will preference against Labor, and keep the Coalition in office until 1972 Australian federal election, 1972. * December 14 ** The Tappan Zee Bridge (1955–2017), Tappan Zee Bridge over the Hudson River, in New York (state), New York State, opens to traffic. ** Albania,
Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...
, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Finland, Hungary, Republic of Ireland, Ireland, Italy, Jordan, Laos, Libya, Nepal, Portugal, Romania, Spain, and Sri Lanka join the United Nations simultaneously, after several years of moratorium on admitting new members that began during the Korean War. * December 20 – Cardiff is declared by the British Government as the capital of Wales. * December 22 – American cytogeneticist Joe Hin Tjio discovers the correct number of human chromosomes, forty-six. * December 31 ** General Motors becomes the first American corporation to make a profit of over 1 billion dollars in 1 year. **
Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...
becomes independent, under terms of the May 15 Austrian State Treaty.


World population

* World population: 2,755,823,000 ** Africa: 246,746,000 ** Asia: 1,541,947,000 ** Europe: 575,184,000 ** South America: 190,797,000 ** North America: 186,884,000 ** Oceania: 14,265,000


Births


January

* January 1 ** Mario Andreacchio, Australian film director ** Bonnie Arnold, American film producer ** Mary Beard (classicist), Mary Beard, English classicist ** Akissi Kouamé, Ivorian army general (d. 2022) ** Simon Schaffer, English academic and historian of science and philosophy ** Mulatu Teshome, Ethiopian politician and 8th President of Ethiopia * January 4 – Mark Hollis (musician), Mark Hollis, English musician (d. 2019) * January 5 – Mamata Banerjee, Indian politician, Chief Minister of West Bengal * January 6 – Rowan Atkinson, English comic actor * January 7 – Belinda Meuldijk, Dutch actress * January 8 – Mike Reno, Canadian musician * January 9 ** Michiko Kakutani, American literary critic ** J. K. Simmons, American actor * January 10 ** Michael Schenker, German guitarist (Scorpions (band), Scorpions, UFO (band), UFO, Michael Schenker Group) ** Jimmy Vivino, American guitarist * January 12 – Kerry-Lynne Findlay, Canadian politician * January 13 ** Paul Kelly (Australian musician), Paul Kelly, Australian musician ** Jay McInerney, American writer * January 15 ** Andreas Gursky, German photographer ** Enrico Mentana, Italian journalist * January 16 ** Mary Karr, American poet ** J. S. G. Boggs, American artist * January 17 – Steve Earle, American musician * January 18 ** Kevin Costner, American actor, producer and director ** Frankie Knuckles, American disk jockey and record producer (d. 2014) ** Marilyn Mazur, Danish percussionist * January 19 ** Sir Simon Rattle, English orchestral conductor ** Paul Rodriguez (actor), Paul Rodriguez, Mexican American actor and comedian * January 20 – Wyatt Knight, American actor (d. 2011) * January 21 – Jeff Koons, American artist * January 22 – Sonja Morgenstern, German figure skater * January 25 – Olivier Assayas, French film director * January 26 ** Björn Andrésen, Swedish actor ** Eddie Van Halen, Dutch-American rock musician (Van Halen) (d. 2020) ** Lucía Méndez, Mexican film actress * January 27 ** John Roberts, Chief Justice of the United States ** Ratnottama Sengupta, Indian journalist * January 28 ** Vinod Khosla, Indian-born American venture capitalist ** Nicolas Sarkozy, 23rd President of France * January 29 ** Rachid Mouffouk, Algerian sculptor ** Femi Pedro, Deputy Governor of Lagos State, Nigeria * January 30 – Mychal Thompson, Bahamian basketball player


February

* February 1 – Hans Werner Olm, German television and film comedian * February 2 – Leszek Engelking, Polish poet, writer and translator (d. 2022) * February 3 ** Kirsty Wark, Scottish television presenter * February 4 – Joseph D. Kernan, American military officer, Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence * February 6 ** Michael Pollan, American journalist ** Irinej Dobrijević, American-born Serbian Bishop of Australia and New Zealand * February 7 – Miguel Ferrer, American actor (d. 2017) * February 8 ** Janusz Cisek, Polish historian (d. 2020) ** Jim Neidhart, American professional wrestler (d. 2018) ** John Grisham, American novelist ** Ethan Phillips, American actor ** Xu Bing, Chinese artist * February 9 – Charles Shaughnessy, English actor * February 10 ** Chris Adams (wrestler), Chris Adams, English wrestler and judoka (d. 2001) ** Pablo Borges Delgado, Cuban artist ** Jim Cramer, American television personality ** Greg Norman, Australian golfer * February 12 ** David Owen Brooks, American convicted murderer (d. 2020) ** Bill Laswell, American bass guitarist * February 13 – Hank Risan, American scientist * February 14 ** Guillermo Francella, Argentine actor ** Mitsuhisa Taguchi, Japanese footballer (d. 2019) * February 15 ** Janice Dickinson, American model, photographer, author and talent agent ** Christopher McDonald, American actor * February 16 – Bradley Byrne, American business attorney and politician, Alabama * February 17 – Mo Yan, Chinese writer * February 18 – Cheetah Chrome, American musician * February 19 ** Jeff Daniels, American actor ** Siri Hustvedt, American novelist * February 20 – Mack Wilberg, American composer * February 21 – Kelsey Grammer, American actor and comedian * February 22 – David Axelrod (political consultant), David Axelrod, American political analyst * February 23 – Flip Saunders, American basketball coach (d. 2015) * February 24 ** Deborah Coyne, Canadian constitutional lawyer ** Steve Jobs, American businessman and founder of Apple Computer (d. 2011) ** Alain Prost, French four-time Formula 1 world champion * February 25 – Leann Hunley, American television actress * February 27 – Grady Booch, American software engineer


March

* March 1 ** Sir Timothy Laurence, English vice admiral and second husband of Anne, Princess Royal ** Denis Mukwege, Congolese gynecologist, Nobel Peace Prize laureate * March 2 – Shoko Asahara, Japanese cult leader (Aum Shinrikyo) (d. 2018) * March 3 – Kent Derricott, Canadian TV personality in Japan * March 4 – Dominique Pinon, French actor * March 5 ** Julien Dray, French politician ** Penn Jillette, American magician and comedian (Penn & Teller) ** Deddy Mizwar, Indonesian politician, actor, movie Director * March 6 ** Wendy Boglioli, American Olympic gold medallist swimmer (1976) ** Jay Ilagan, Filipino actor (d. 1992) ** Cyprien Ntaryamira, Burundian politician, 5th President of Burundi (d. 1994) ** Alberta Watson, Canadian actress (d. 2015) * March 7 ** Michael Jan Friedman, American novelist and comic book writer ** Tommy Kramer, American football player * March 8 – Don Ashby, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1981) * March 9 ** Ornella Muti, Italian actress ** Franco Uncini, Italian motorcycle racer * March 10 ** Yousra, Egyptian actress and singer ** Marianne Rosenberg, German singer * March 11 – Nina Hagen, German pop singer * March 12 – Richard Martini (director), Richard Martini, American film director * March 13 ** Bruno Conti, Italian football player ** Gail Grandchamp, American female boxer ** Glenne Headly, American actress of film, stage and television (d. 2017) * March 14 – Stephen R. Bissette, American comics artist * March 15 ** Robert Kabbas, Egyptian-born Australian Olympic silver medallist weightlifter ** Dee Snider, American rock singer (Twisted Sister) * March 16 ** Bruno Barreto, Brazilian film director ** Jiro Watanabe, Japanese former world super flyweight champion boxer *
March 17 Events Pre-1600 * 45 BC – In his last victory, Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger in the Battle of Munda. * 180 – Commodus becomes sole emperor of the Roman Empire at the age of ei ...
** Cynthia McKinney, American politician, activist ** Gary Sinise, American actor, producer and director * March 18 ** Carlos Enrique Trinidad Gómez, Guatemalan Roman Catholic prelate (d. 2018) ** Guillermo Dávila, Venezuelan actor and singer ** Dwayne Murphy, American baseball player *
March 19 Events Pre-1600 * 1277 – The Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1277 is concluded, stipulating a two-year truce and renewing Venetian commercial privileges in the Byzantine Empire. * 1279 – A Mongol victory at the Battle of Yamen en ...
** Pino Daniele, Italian music artist (d. 2015) ** Bruce Willis, American actor ** Simon Yam, Hong Kong actor *
March 20 Events Pre-1600 * 673 – Emperor Tenmu of Japan assumes the Chrysanthemum Throne at the Palace of Kiyomihara in Asuka. * 1206 – Michael IV Autoreianos is appointed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople. * 1600 – The Link ...
** Eric Schiller, American chess player and author (d. 2018) ** Mariya Takeuchi, Japanese singer-songwriter * March 21 ** Jair Bolsonaro, Brazilian congressman and politician, 38th President of Brazil ** Philippe Troussier, French football coach ** Bärbel Wöckel, East German sprinter * March 22 ** Lena Olin, Swedish actress ** Pete Sessions, American politician ** Valdis Zatlers, 7th President of Latvia * March 23 ** Moses Malone, American basketball player (d. 2015) ** Susan Schwab, American politician, who served under President George W. Bush as United States Trade Representative * March 24 ** Celâl Şengör, Turkish geologist ** Kim Johnston Ulrich, American actress * March 25 – Wendy Larry, American head coach of the Old Dominion University Lady Monarchs women's basketball team * March 26 – Danny Arndt, Canadian ice hockey player * March 27 – Mariano Rajoy, Prime Minister of Spain * March 28 – Reba McEntire, American country singer and actress * March 29 ** Earl Campbell, American football player ** Margaret I. Cuomo, American radiologist ** Brendan Gleeson, Irish actor ** Christopher Lawford, American author, actor and activist (d. 2018) ** Marina Sirtis, English actress * March 30 ** Marilou Diaz-Abaya, Filipina film director (d. 2012) ** Randy VanWarmer, American singer-songwriter (d. 2004) ** Humberto Vélez, Mexican voice actor * March 31 ** Philip Dimitrov, Bulgarian politician ** Angus Young, lead guitarist of Australian rock group AC/DC


April

* April 1 – Ockie Oosthuizen, South African rugby union player (d. 2019) * April 2 ** Sirindhorn, Princess Royal of Thailand ** Chellie Pingree, Democratic politician, Maine's 1st congressional district * April 3 – Mick Mars, American rock guitarist (Mötley Crüe) * April 5 – Akira Toriyama, Japanese manga artist *
April 6 Events Pre–1600 *46 BC – Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato (Cato the Younger) at the Battle of Thapsus. * 402 – Stilicho defeats the Visigoths under Alaric in the Battle of Pollentia. *13 ...
– Michael Rooker, American actor * April 7 ** Bruno Zaremba, French footballer (d. 2018) ** Grace Hightower, American philanthropist, actress and singer ** Gregg Jarrett, American lawyer turned journalist ** Akira Nishino (footballer), Akira Nishino, Japanese soccer player and manager ** Werner Stocker (actor), Werner Stocker, German actor (d. 1993) * April 8 ** Kane Hodder, American actor ** Barbara Kingsolver, American fiction writer * April 9 – Kate Heyhoe, American food writer * April 10 – Philip J. Hanlon, American mathematician and computer science, List of presidents of Dartmouth College, 18th President of Dartmouth College *
April 11 Events Pre-1600 * 491 – Flavius Anastasius becomes Byzantine emperor, with the name of Anastasius I. *1241 – Batu Khan defeats Béla IV of Hungary at the Battle of Mohi. *1512 – War of the League of Cambrai: Franco-Ferrare ...
– Kevin Brady, American politician, Texas's 8th congressional district *
April 12 Events Pre-1600 * 240 – Shapur I becomes co-emperor of the Sasanian Empire with his father Ardashir I. * 467 – Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 627 – King Edwin of Northumbria is converted to ...
– Fred Ryan, chief executive officer of The Washington Post * April 13 ** Steve Camp, American Christian musician ** Hideki Saijo, Japanese singer and actor (d. 2018) * April 14 – Don Roos, American screenwriter *
April 15 Events Pre-1600 * 769 – The Lateran Council ends by condemning the Council of Hieria and anathematizing its iconoclastic rulings. * 1071 – Bari, the last Byzantine possession in southern Italy, is surrendered to Robert Guiscar ...
** Tommy Castro, American blues guitarist ** Dodi Fayed, Egyptian film producer (d. 1997) ** Jeff Golub, American jazz guitarist (d. 2015) *
April 16 Events Pre-1600 * 1457 BC – Battle of Megido - the first battle to have been recorded in what is accepted as relatively reliable detail. * 69 – Defeated by Vitellius' troops at Bedriacum, Otho commits suicide. * 73 – Masad ...
** Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg ** DJ Kool Herc, Jamaican American DJ * April 17 ** Bolland & Bolland, Rob Bolland, Dutch musician, songwriter and music producer (Bolland & Bolland) ** Pete Shelley, English punk rock singer-songwriter, musician (Buzzcocks) (d. 2018) ** Dave VanDam, American voice actor and impressionist (d. 2018) *
April 18 Events Pre-1600 * 796 – King Æthelred I of Northumbria is murdered in Coria (Corbridge), Corbridge by a group led by his ealdormen, Ealdred and Wada. The ''patrician'' Osbald of Northumbria, Osbald is crowned, but abdicates within 27 d ...
– Bobby Castillo, American baseball player (d. 2014) * April 20 ** Rotimi Fani-Kayode, Nigerian-born British photographer (d. 1989) ** Svante Pääbo, Swedish evolutionary geneticist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine * April 21 ** Ebiet G. Ade, Indonesian singer and songwriter ** Toninho Cerezo, Brazilian footballer and coach * April 23 ** Judy Davis, Australian actress ** Ludovikus Simanullang, Indonesian Roman Catholic bishop (d. 2018) ** Fumi Hirano, Japanese voice actress and essayist ** Tony Miles, English chess player (d. 2001) * April 24 – John de Mol, Dutch media tycoon * April 25 ** Karon O. Bowdre, United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama. ** John Nunn, English chess player and mathematician ** Parviz Parastui, Iranian actor * April 26 – Chen Daoming, Chinese actor * April 27 ** James Risen, American Pulitzer Prize-winning investigative reporter and author ** Eric Schmidt, American software engineer and businessman, CEO of Google (2001-2011) ** Jing Yidan, Chinese former television host * April 28 ** Saeb Erekat, Palestinian diplomat (d. 2020) ** Eddie Jobson, English musician * April 29 ** Richard Epcar, American voice actor ** Kate Mulgrew, American actress ** Yūko Tanaka, Japanese actress * April 30 – Zlatko Topčić, Bosnian writer and screenwriter


May

* May 2 ** Willie Miller, Scottish footballer ** Donatella Versace, Italian designer ** Dave Winer, American software pioneer * May 4 ** Avram Grant, Israeli football manager ** Robert Ellis Orrall, American singer *
May 6 Events Pre-1600 * 1527 – Spanish and German troops sack Rome; many scholars consider this the end of the Renaissance. * 1536 – The Siege of Cuzco commences, in which Incan forces attempt to retake the city of Cuzco from the Sp ...
– Tom Bergeron, American television host *
May 7 Events Pre-1600 * 351 – The Jewish revolt against Constantius Gallus breaks out after his arrival at Antioch. * 558 – In Constantinople, the dome of the Hagia Sophia collapses, twenty years after its construction. Justinian I imm ...
– Peter Reckell, American actor * May 8 ** Betsy Baker, American actress ** Meles Zenawi, 10th Prime Minister of Ethiopia and 3rd President of Ethiopia (d. 2012) * May 9 ** Kevin Peter Hall, American actor (d.
1991 File:1991 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Boris Yeltsin, elected as Russia's first president, waves the new flag of Russia after the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, orchestrated by Soviet hardliners; Mount Pinatubo erupts in the Phi ...
) ** Anne Sofie von Otter, Swedish mezzo-soprano * May 10 ** Chris Berman, American sports broadcaster ** Mark David Chapman, American murderer of musician John Lennon * May 14 ** Big Van Vader, American professional wrestler and football player (d. 2018) ** Dave Hoover, American comic book artist and animator (d. 2011) ** Robert Tapert, American television producer * May 15 ** Mohamed Brahmi, Tunisian politician (assassinated 2013) ** Lee Horsley, American film, television and theater actor ** Hege Skjeie, Norwegian political scientist and feminist (d. 2018) * May 16 ** Olga Korbut, Soviet gymnast ** Olli Kortekangas, Finnish composer ** Jack Morris, American baseball player ** Richard Phillips (merchant mariner), Richard Phillips, American merchant mariner and captain of the ''MV Maersk Alabama'' ** Debra Winger, American actress * May 17 – Bill Paxton, American actor (d. 2017) * May 18 – Chow Yun-fat, Hong Kong actor * May 19 ** Mark Staff Brandl, American and Swiss artist and art historian ** James Gosling, Canadian software engineer ** Th. Emil Homerin, American theologian * May 20 ** Diego Abatantuono, Italian actor ** Steve George (keyboardist), Steve George, American keyboardist and singer ** Zbigniew Preisner, Polish film composer * May 21 – Sergei Shoigu, Russian politician, (Russian Defence Minister) * May 22 ** Chalmers "Spanky" Alford, American jazz guitarist (d. 2008) ** Iva Davies, Australian singer and musician; lead singer of Icehouse (band), Icehouse ** Dale Winton, English radio DJ and television presenter (d. 2018) * May 24 – Rosanne Cash, American entertainer *
May 25 Events Pre-1600 * 567 BC – Servius Tullius, the king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victory over the Etruscans. *240 BC – First recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. * 1085 – Alfonso VI of Castile takes Tol ...
– Connie Sellecca, American actress * May 26 – Doris Dörrie, German actress and screenplay writer * May 27 – Richard Schiff, American actor and comedian * May 29 ** John Hinckley Jr., attempted assassin of Ronald Reagan ** Mike Porcaro, American bass guitarist (Toto (band), Toto) (d. 2015) * May 30 ** Brian Kobilka, American physiologist ** Paresh Rawal, Indian actor ** Colm Tóibín, Irish novelist * May 31 ** Tommy Emmanuel, Australian guitarist ** Susie Essman, American actress ** Lynne Truss, English writer


June

* June 1 **Chiyonofuji Mitsugu, Japanese sumo wrestler (58th Yokozuna grand champion) (d. 2016) **David Schultz (professional wrestler), David Schultz,"Dr. D" American professional wrestler * June 2 – Dana Carvey, American actor and comedian * June 3 – Daniel Filmus, Argentine politician, member of the Chamber of Deputies of Argentina * June 4 ** Precious (wrestling), Precious, Canadian professional wrestling valet ** Mary Testa, American film actress * June 5 – Fernando Borrego Linares, Cuban singer and songwriter (aka Polo Montañez) * June 6 ** Sandra Bernhard, American comedian, actress, author and singer ** Chris Nyman, American baseball player ** Sam Simon, American filmmaker (d. 2015) *
June 7 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Emperor Theodosius II marries Aelia Eudocia at Constantinople (Byzantine Empire). * 879 – Pope John VIII recognizes the Duchy of Croatia under Duke Branimir as an independent state. * 1002 – Henr ...
** Jo Gilbert, English film producer and casting director (d. 2018) ** Bob Beatty, American football coach ** Tim Richmond, American race car driver (d. 1989) * June 8 ** Duke Aiona, 10th Lieutenant Governor of Hawaii ** Tim Berners-Lee, English computer scientist and World Wide Web inventor ** Griffin Dunne, American actor and director * June 10 ** Floyd Bannister, American baseball player ** Andrew Stevens, American actor, producer and director *
June 11 Events Pre-1600 * 173 – Marcomannic Wars: The Roman army in Moravia is encircled by the Quadi, who have broken the peace treaty (171). In a violent thunderstorm emperor Marcus Aurelius defeats and subdues them in the so-called "miracle ...
– Yuriy Sedykh, Ukrainian hammer thrower (d. 2021) * June 12- Jagadish Kumar, Indian Malayalam film actor * June 12 – William Langewiesche, American author *
June 13 Events Pre-1600 * 313 – The decisions of the Edict of Milan, signed by Constantine the Great and co-emperor Valerius Licinius, granting religious freedom throughout the Roman Empire, are published in Nicomedia. * 1325 – Ibn Battuta ...
– John E. Jones III, American justice * June 14 ** Tito Rojas, Puerto Rican salsa singer and songwriter (d. 2020) ** Kim Lankford, American actress, businesswoman and horse wrangler ** Paul O'Grady (also known as "Lily Savage"), English talk show host and comedian * June 15 ** István Levente Garai, Hungarian physician and politician (d. 2018) ** Polly Draper, American actress, screenwriter, playwright, producer and director ** David A. Kennedy, son of Robert F. Kennedy (d. 1984) *
June 16 Events Pre-1600 * 363 – Emperor Julian marches back up the Tigris and burns his fleet of supply ships. During the withdrawal, Roman forces suffer several attacks from the Persians. * 632 – Yazdegerd III ascends the throne as king ...
– Laurie Metcalf, American actress * June 18 – Sandy Allen, American, world's tallest woman (d. 2008) * June 20 – Tor Nørretranders, Danish author * June 21 ** Aloysius Amwano, Nauruan politician ** Tim Bray, Canadian computer programmer ** Jean-Pierre Mader, French singer-songwriter ** Leigh McCloskey, American actor ** Michel Platini, French retired football player and President of UEFA * June 22 – Choi Kyoung-hwan, South Korean politician; Prime Minister of South Korea * June 23 ** Jean Tigana, Malian-French international footballer ** Glenn Danzig, American rock singer (Misfits (band), The Misfits, Samhain, Danzig (band), Danzig) * June 24 – Nobuhiro Kiyotaki, Japanese economist and professor * June 25 – Víctor Manuel Vucetich, Mexican footballer and manager *
June 26 Events Pre-1600 * 4 – Augustus adopts Tiberius. * 221 – Roman emperor Elagabalus adopts his cousin Alexander Severus as his heir and receives the title of Caesar. * 363 – Roman emperor Julian is killed during the retreat fr ...
** Gedde Watanabe, American actor and comedian ** Yoko Gushiken, Japanese former WBA light flyweight champion boxer * June 27 – Isabelle Adjani, French actress * June 30 – Egils Levits, President of Latvia


July

* July 1 ** Sanma Akashiya, Japanese comedian and actor ** Nikolai Demidenko, Russian born British classical pianist ** Christian Estrosi, French sportsman and politician ** Li Keqiang, Premier of the People's Republic of China ** Lisa Scottoline, American novelist * July 2 ** Andrew Divoff, Venezuelan actor ** Stephen Walt, American political scientist ** Sylvie Le Noach, French swimmer ** Randy Burchell, Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender ** Chau Giang, Vietnamese-born American professional poker player ** Proceso Alcala, Filipino politician * July 3 ** Bruce Altman, American actor ** John Cramer (announcer), John Cramer, American game show announcer ** Matt Keough, American baseball player * July 4 ** Eero Heinäluoma, Finnish politician ** Víctor Reymundo Nájera, Mexican politician * July 5 ** Sebastian Barry, Irish playwright, novelist and poet ** Shannon Bell, Canadian performance philosopher ** Mia Couto, Mozambican writer ** Muhammad Aslam Khan Raisani, Pakistani politician ** Henry Lee Summer, American singer *
July 7 Events Pre-1600 * 1124 – The city of Tyre falls to the Venetian Crusade after a siege of nineteen weeks. * 1456 – A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her execution. * 1520 – Spanish ''conquistad ...
** Paul Bahoken, Cameroonian footballer ** Rolf Saxon, American actor ** Ludo Vika, Dominican actress * July 8 ** Vladislava Milosavljević, Serbian actress ** Mihaela Mitrache, Romanian actress * July 9 ** Lindsey Graham, American politician, lawyer, United States Army, U.S. Army soldier, United States Senate, U.S. Senator (Republican Party (United States), R-South Carolina, Sc.) and unsuccessful 2016 United States presidential election, 2016 presidential candidate ** Fred Norris, American radio personality ** Jimmy Smits, American actor * July 10 ** Andrea Bruce, Jamaican athlete ** Vinnie Curto, American professional boxer ** Ray Goff, American football player and coach ** Dan Newhouse, American politician * July 11 ** Balaji Sadasivan, Singaporean politician and neurosurgeon ** Søren Sætter-Lassen, Danish actor * July 12 ** Timothy Garton Ash, English modern historian ** Nina Gunke, Swedish actress ** Tadashi Miyazawa, Japanese voice actor *
July 13 Events Pre-1600 * 1174 – William I of Scotland, a key rebel in the Revolt of 1173–74, is captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to Henry II of England. * 1249 – Coronation of Alexander III as King of Scots. *1260 – The Livon ...
– Yoshitaka Tamba, Japanese actor * July 14 – Ramon Jimenez Jr., Filipino attorney (d. 2020) * July 15 ** Željko Burić, Croatian politician and doctor ** Didier Etumba, Congolese Army general ** Pooran Prakash, Indian politician * July 16 ** Zohar Argov, Israeli singer (d. 1987) ** Patrick Bernasconi, French business executive ** Ritva Elomaa, Finnish professional female bodybuilding champion, pop singer and politician ** Janet Huckabee, American politician ** Saw Swee Leong, Malaysian badminton player *
July 17 Events Pre-1600 * 180 – Twelve inhabitants of Scillium (near Kasserine, modern-day Tunisia) in North Africa are executed for being Christians. This is the earliest record of Christianity in that part of the world. *1048 – Damasu ...
** Janina Buzūnaitė-Žukaitienė, Lithuanian painter, poet, creator of accessories and metal sculptures ** Fei Yu-ching, Taiwanese singer-songwriter ** Sylvie Léonard, French-Canadian actress ** Alvin Slaughter, American gospel singer-songwriter and worship leader * July 18 ** Bernd Fasching, Austrian painter and sculptor ** György Matolcsy, Hungarian politician and economist ** Sergey Zimov, Russian geophysicist and creator of Pleistocene Park * July 19 – Karen Cheryl, French singer, actress, radio and television presenter * July 20 – Edgar Zambrano, Venezuelan lawyer and politician * July 21 ** Adrienne King, American actress ** Dannel Malloy, American politician ** Howie Epstein, American musician and producer (d. 2003) ** Béla Tarr, Hungarian film director * July 22 ** Gbenga Bareehu Ashafa, Nigerian politician ** Willem Dafoe, American actor * July 25 – Iman (model), Iman, Somalian model * July 26 ** Michele Pillar, American Christian musician ** Asif Ali Zardari, 11th President of Pakistan *
July 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1054 – Siward, Earl of Northumbria, invades Scotland and defeats Macbeth, King of Scotland, somewhere north of the Firth of Forth. * 1189 – Friedrich Barbarossa arrives at Niš, the capital of Serbian King Ste ...
– Allan Border, Australian cricketer * July 31 – Jakie Quartz, French singer


August

*
August 1 Events Pre-1600 *30 BC – Octavian (later known as Augustus) enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Republic. *AD 69 – Batavian rebellion: The Batavians in Germania Inferior (Netherlands) revolt under ...
– Paul Shrubb, English professional footballer, coach and scout (d. 2020) * August 2 ** John Battaglia, American convicted murderer (d. 2018) ** Caleb Carr, American writer * August 3 ** Corey Burton, American voice actor ** Roger Gifford, Lord Mayor of London 2013 * August 4 ** Gerrie Coetzee, South African boxer, 1983-1984 World Boxing Association, WBA heavyweight champion. ** Billy Bob Thornton, American actor, director and screenwriter * August 6 ** Gordon J. Brand, English golfer (d. 2020) ** Ron Davis (pitcher), Ron Davis, American baseball player ** Earl "Chinna" Smith, Earl Smith, Jamaican Reggae guitarist * August 7 ** Wayne Knight, American actor and comedian ** Vladimir Sorokin, Russian writer * August 8 – Diddú (Sigrún Hjálmtýsdóttir), Icelandic soprano and songwriter * August 9 – Doug Williams (quarterback), Doug Williams, American football quarterback * August 10 – Mel Tiangco, Filipina television anchor, journalist and humanitarian * August 12 ** Heintje Simons, Dutch singer and actor ** Gish Jen, American fiction writer * August 13 – Daryl (magician), Daryl, American magician (d. 2017) * August 17 – Richard Hilton, American businessman * August 19 ** Peter Gallagher, American actor ** Terry Harper (baseball), Terry Harper, American baseball player ** Apisai Ielemia, 10th Prime Minister of Tuvalu *
August 20 Events Pre-1600 * AD 14 – Agrippa Postumus, maternal grandson of the late Roman emperor Augustus, is mysteriously executed by his guards while in exile. * 636 – Battle of Yarmouk: Arab forces led by Khalid ibn al-Walid take con ...
– Agnes Chan, Hong Kong-born TV personality in Japan *
August 22 Events Pre-1600 * 392 – Arbogast has Eugenius elected Western Roman Emperor. * 851 – Battle of Jengland: Erispoe defeats Charles the Bald near the Breton town of Jengland. *1138 – Battle of the Standard between Scotland a ...
** Chiranjeevi, Indian actor ** Gordon Liu, Chinese actor * August 24 – Mike Huckabee, American politician, Governor and 2008 Presidential candidate *
August 25 Events Pre-1600 * 19 – The Roman general Germanicus dies near Antioch. He was convinced that the mysterious illness that ended in his death was a result of poisoning by the Syrian governor Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso, whom he had ordered to ...
– John McGeoch, Scottish musician (d. 2004) *
August 27 Events Pre-1600 * 410 – The sacking of Rome by the Visigoths ends after three days. * 1172 – Henry the Young King and Margaret of France are crowned junior king and queen of England. *1232 – Shikken Hojo Yasutoki of the K ...
** Laura Fygi, Dutch singer ** Diana Scarwid, American actress ** Sergey Khlebnikov, Soviet speed skater (d. 1999) * August 30 ** Mayumi Muroyama, Japanese manga artist ** Andy Pask, English bass player and composer (Landscape (band), Landscape) ** Helge Schneider, comedian, jazz musician and multi-instrumentalist, author, film and theatre director * August 31 – Edwin Moses, American athlete


September

* September 1 ** Billy Blanks, American martial artist; inventor of the Tae Bo exercise program ** Bruce Foxton, English musician * September 2 ** Robert C. Duncan (astrophysicist), Robert Duncan, American astrophysicist ** Claus Kleber, German television journalist ** Natalya Petrusyova, Soviet speed skater ** Michelle Yim, Hong Kong actress * September 4 ** David Broza, Israeli singer-songwriter and activist ** Teodor Frunzeti, Romanian general ** Hiroshi Izawa, Japanese actor *
September 6 Events Pre-1600 * 394 – Battle of the Frigidus: Roman emperor Theodosius I defeats and kills Eugenius the usurper. His Frankish ''magister militum'' Arbogast escapes but commits suicide two days later. *1492 – Christopher Colu ...
– Raymond Benson, American author * September 7 – Efim Zelmanov, Russian mathematician * September 9 ** Edward Hibbert, English-American actor and literary agent ** John Kricfalusi, Canadian cartoonist ** Ivan Smirnov (guitar player), Ivan Smirnov, Russian composer and guitar player (d. 2018) * September 12 – Peter Scolari, American actor and comedian * September 13 – Dan Ghica-Radu, Romanian general *
September 14 Events Pre-1600 *AD 81 – Domitian becomes Emperor of the Roman Empire upon the death of his brother Titus. * 629 – Emperor Heraclius enters Constantinople in triumph after his victory over the Persian Empire. * 786 – "Night ...
– Daniella Levine Cava, American lawyer and politician * September 15 ** Željka Antunović, Croatian politician ** Brendan O'Carroll, Irish actor and comedian ** Bruce Reitherman, American filmmaker and voice actor ** Renzo Rosso, Italian clothing designer * September 16 – Robin Yount, American baseball player * September 17 ** Marina Lima, Brazilian singer and songwriter ** Charles Martinet, American voice-actor * September 18 – Bob Papenbrook, American voice actor (d. 2006) *
September 19 Events Pre-1600 * 85 – Nerva, suspected of complicity of the death of Domitian, is declared emperor by Senate. The Senate then annuls laws passed by Domitian and orders his statues to be destroyed. * 634 – Siege of Damascus: Th ...
– Richard Burmer, American composer, sound designer and musician (d. 2006) * September 21 ** Richard Hieb, American astronaut ** Israel Katz, Israeli politician *
September 24 Events Pre-1600 *787 – Second Council of Nicaea: The council assembles at the church of Hagia Sophia. *1568 – Spanish naval forces defeat an English fleet, under the command of John Hawkins, at the Battle of San Juan de Ulúa near ...
– Shinbo Nomura, Japanese manga artist * September 25 ** Zucchero Fornaciari, Italian singer-songwriter ** Karl-Heinz Rummenigge, German football player * September 27, Joice Erna, Indonesian Actress * September 28 – Stéphane Dion, Canadian politician * September 29 ** Joe Donnelly, American politician ** Gwen Ifill, American journalist (d. 2016) * September 30 ** Janet Arceo, Mexican actress, TV presenter, announcer, director and businesswoman (Doña Eduviges in ''El Chavo del Ocho'') ** Andy Bechtolsheim, German electrical engineer and Co-founder of Sun Microsystems.


October

* October 1 – P. B. Abdul Razak, Indian politician (d. 2018) * October 2 – Philip Oakey, English synth-pop singer-songwriter (The Human League) *
October 3 Events Pre-1600 * 2457 BC – Gaecheonjeol, Hwanung (환웅) purportedly descended from heaven. South Korea's National Foundation Day. * 52 BC – Gallic Wars: Vercingetorix, leader of the Gauls, surrenders to the Romans under Juliu ...
– Tommy Wiseau, American film director and actor, known for the 2003 "dark comedy" ''The Room'' *
October 4 Events Pre-1600 *AD 23 – Rebels sack the Chinese capital Chang'an during a peasant rebellion. *1209 – Otto IV is crowned Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by Pope Innocent III. *1302 – The Byzantine–Venetian War comes t ...
– Dane Sorensen, New Zealand rugby league player *
October 5 Events Pre-1600 * 610 – Heraclius arrives at Constantinople, kills Byzantine Emperor Phocas, and becomes emperor. * 816 – King Louis the Pious is crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by the Pope. * 869 – The Fourth Coun ...
** Bart D. Ehrman, American religious studies scholar and writer, specialist in textual criticism ** Jean-Jacques Lafon, French singer-songwriter ** Caroline Loeb, French singer and actress * October 6 – Wang Huning, Chinese politician * October 7 – Yo-Yo Ma, French-born Chinese American cellist * October 8 ** Bill Elliott, American racing driver ** Darrell Hammond, Comedian (''Saturday Night Live'') * October 12 – Pat DiNizio, American singer-songwriter (The Smithereens) (d. 2017) * October 13 – Sergei Shepelev, Russian ice hockey player * October 15 ** James B. Aguayo-Martel, Mexican-born physician, surgeon, scientist and inventor ** Kulbir Bhaura, Indian-born British field hockey player ** Emily Yoffe, American journalist and advice columnist * October 17 – Tyrone Mitchell, American murderer (d. 1984) * October 18 ** Hiromi Go, Japanese singer ** Timmy Mallett, English television presenter * October 19 ** Lonnie Shelton, American basketball player (d. 2018) ** LaSalle Ishii, Japanese television personality ** Roland Dyens, French classical guitarist and composer (d. 2016) ** Dan Gutman, American writer *
October 20 Events Pre-1600 *1568 – The Spanish Duke of Alba defeats a Dutch rebel force under William the Silent. * 1572 – Eighty Years' War: Three thousand Spanish soldiers wade through fifteen miles of water in one night to effect the re ...
** Tony Hanson, American basketball player (d. 2018) ** Thomas Newman, American composer * October 21 ** Yasukazu Hamada, Japanese politician ** Rich Mullins, American Christian musician (d. 1997) * October 24 ** Karen Austin, American actress ** Katherine Knight, Australian mariticide * October 25 ** Glynis Barber, South African-born British actress ** Gale Anne Hurd, American film and television producer * October 28 ** Bill Gates, American businessman and co-founder of Microsoft ** Indra Nooyi, Indian business executive *
October 29 Events Pre-1600 * 312 – Constantine the Great enters Rome after his victory at the Battle of the Milvian Bridge, stages a grand '' adventus'' in the city, and is met with popular jubilation. Maxentius' body is fished out of the Tiber an ...
** Kevin DuBrow, American rock singer (d. 2007) ** Roger O'Donnell, English rock keyboardist ** Etsuko Shihomi, Japanese actress


November

* November 1 – Joe Arroyo, Colombian salsa and tropical music singer (d. 2011) *
November 3 Events Pre-1600 * 361 – Emperor Constantius II dies of a fever at Mopsuestia in Cilicia; on his deathbed he is baptised and declares his cousin Julian rightful successor. *1333 – The River Arno floods causing massive damage in Fl ...
** Howard Michaels, American businessman (d. 2018) ** Teresa De Sio, Italian singer-songwriter ** Phil Simms, American football player ** Yukihiko Tsutsumi, Japanese film director * November 4 ** Rita Bhaduri, Indian actress (d. 2018) ** Alhaj Moulana Ghousavi Shah, Moulana Ghousavi Shah, Sufi teacher and author, Secretary General of The Conference of World Religions ** Matti Vanhanen, Prime Minister of Finland * November 5 ** Pedro Brieger, Argentine journalist and sociologist. ** Kris Jenner, American television personality ** Karan Thapar, Indian journalist, political analyst and commentator * November 6 – Maria Shriver, American television journalist, host; First Lady of California * November 7 ** Al Attles, American basketball player and coach ** Norbert Eder, German footballer (d. 2019) ** Paul Romer, American economist, Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences laureate ** Detlef Ultsch, German judo athlete * November 9 – Karen Dotrice, Guernsey-born child actress * November 10 – Roland Emmerich, German film director * November 11 – Jigme Singye Wangchuck, King of Bhutan * November 13 – Whoopi Goldberg, African-American actress and comedian * November 14 ** Koichi Nakano, Japanese bicycle racer ** Jack Sikma, American basketball player * November 15 – Idris Jusoh, Malaysian politician ; Former Chief Minister Of Terengganu * November 16 – Guillermo Lasso, President of Ecuador, President-elect of Ecuador * November 17 ** Bill Macatee, American sports broadcaster ** Yolanda King, African-American actress and activist (d. 2007) * November 19 – Dianne de Leeuw, Dutch figure skater * November 20 – Ray Ozzie, American computer programmer * November 21 ** Kyle Gann, American composer and music critic ** Cedric Maxwell, American basketball player *
November 23 Events Pre-1600 * 534 BC – Thespis of Icaria becomes the first recorded actor to portray a character on stage. * 1248 – Conquest of Seville by Christian troops under King Ferdinand III of Castile. * 1499 – Pretender to the t ...
** Steven Brust, American fantasy author ** Peter Douglas, American television and film producer ** Ludovico Einaudi, Italian pianist and composer ** Mary Landrieu, American politician, U.S. Senator from Louisiana * November 24 ** Sir Ian Botham, English cricketer ** Najib Mikati, Lebanese politician, 2-Time Prime Minister of Lebanon * November 25 – Bruno Tonioli, film, music video and theater choreographer * November 26 – **Tracy Hickman, American author **Jelko Kacin, Slovenian politician, Member of the European Parliament * November 27 – Bill Nye, American science presenter and public television host * November 28 – Alessandro Altobelli, Italian football player * November 29 – Howie Mandel, Canadian actor and game show host * November 30 ** Michael Beschloss, American historian ** Billy Idol, born William Broad, British rock musician


December

* December 3 ** Melody Anderson, Canadian actress and social worker ** Steven Culp, American actor ** Warren Jeffs, American criminal ** Andrea Romano (voice director), Andrea Romano, American casting director, voice director, and voice actress * December 4 – Maurizio Bianchi, Italian musician * December 9 – Janusz Kupcewicz, Polish footballer (d. 2022) * December 10 – Ana Gabriel, Mexican singer and songwriter * December 12 – Gianna Angelopoulos-Daskalaki, Greek politician and businesswoman * December 13 – Manohar Parrikar, Indian politician (d. 2019) * December 14 – Hervé Guibert, French writer and photographer (d.
1991 File:1991 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Boris Yeltsin, elected as Russia's first president, waves the new flag of Russia after the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, orchestrated by Soviet hardliners; Mount Pinatubo erupts in the Phi ...
) * December 16 – Xander Berkeley, American actor * December 17 – Brad Davis (basketball), Brad Davis, American basketball player * December 21 – Jane Kaczmarek, American actress * December 23 ** Keith Comstock, American baseball player ** Carol Ann Duffy, Scottish poet ** Stefan Arngrim, Canadian actor * December 24 ** Mizuho Fukushima, Japanese politician ** Clarence Gilyard, American actor and college professor * December 27 – Barbara Olson, American television commentator (d. 2001) * December 28 – Liu Xiaobo, Chinese literary critic and human rights activist, Nobel Peace Prize laureate (d. 2017) * December 31 – Jim Tracy (baseball), Jim Tracy, American baseball player and manager


Deaths


January

* January 1 – Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar, Indian scientist (b. 1894) * January 2 – José Antonio Remón Cantera, 19th President of Panama (assassinated) (b. 1908) * January 6 – Yevgeny Tarle, Soviet historian (b. 1874) * January 11 – Rodolfo Graziani, Italian general (b. 1882) * January 15 ** Johannes Baader, German artist (b. 1875) ** Yves Tanguy, French painter (b. 1900) * January 21 – Archie Hahn, American athlete (b. 1880) * January 22 – Jonni Myyrä, Finnish-American athlete (b. 1892) * January 24 – Ira Hayes, U.S. Marine flag raiser on Iwo Jima (b. 1923) * January 29 – Hans Hedtoft, 14th Prime Minister of Denmark (b. 1903) * January 31 – John Mott, American YMCA leader, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1865)


February

* February 3 - Vasily Blokhin, Soviet executioner (b. 1895) * February 6 – Constantin Argetoianu, 41st Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1871) * February 10 – Mokichi Okada, Japanese religious leader (b. 1882) * February 11 – Ona Munson, American actress (b. 1903) * February 12 ** Tom Moore (actor), Tom Moore, Irish-American film actor (b. 1883) ** S. Z. Sakall, Hungarian actor (b. 1883) * February 20 – Oswald Avery, American physician and medical researcher (b. 1877) * February 23 – Paul Claudel, French poet, dramatist, and diplomat (b. 1868) * February 27 – Trixie Friganza, American actress (b. 1870)


March

* March 3 – Katharine Drexel, American Roman Catholic foundress and saint (b. 1858) * March 8 – William C. deMille, American screenwriter and director (b. 1878) * March 9 ** Miroslava Stern, Czechoslovakian-Mexican actress (b. 1926) ** Matthew Henson, American explorer (b. 1866) * March 11 – Sir Alexander Fleming, Scottish scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1881) * March 12 – Charlie Parker, American saxophonist (b. 1920) * March 16 – Nicolas de Staël, Russian painter (b. 1914) *
March 19 Events Pre-1600 * 1277 – The Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1277 is concluded, stipulating a two-year truce and renewing Venetian commercial privileges in the Byzantine Empire. * 1279 – A Mongol victory at the Battle of Yamen en ...
– Mihály Károlyi, 1st President of Hungary and 20th Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1875) * March 23 – Arthur Bernardes, 12th President of Brazil (b. 1875) * March 24 – John W. Davis, American politician, diplomat, and lawyer (b. 1873)


April

* April 5 – Tibor Szele, Hungarian mathematician (b. 1918) * April 7 – Theda Bara, American film actress (b. 1885) * April 10 – Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, French Jesuit priest, philosopher, paleontologist and geologist (b. 1881) * April 13 – Peyton C. March, United States Army general (b. 1864) *
April 18 Events Pre-1600 * 796 – King Æthelred I of Northumbria is murdered in Coria (Corbridge), Corbridge by a group led by his ealdormen, Ealdred and Wada. The ''patrician'' Osbald of Northumbria, Osbald is crowned, but abdicates within 27 d ...
– Albert Einstein, German-born physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1879) * April 19 – Jim Corbett, Anglo-Indian hunter, conservationist and author (b. 1875) * April 24 – Alfred Polgar, Austrian-born journalist (b. 1873) * April 25 – Constance Collier, English actress and acting coach (b. 1878) * April 30 – John Henry Towers, American admiral and naval aviation pioneer (b. 1885)


May

* May 2 – Alexander Hore-Ruthven, 1st Earl of Gowrie, 10th Governor-General of Australia (b. 1872) * May 4 ** Louis Charles Breguet, French aircraft designer and builder and early aviation pioneer (b. 1880) ** George Enescu, Romanian composer (b. 1881) * May 10 ** Tommy Burns (Canadian boxer), Tommy Burns, Canadian boxer (b. 1881) ** John Radecki, Australian stained-glass artist (b. 1865) * May 11 – Gilbert Jessop, English cricketer (b. 1874) * May 14 – Charles Pelot Summerall, American general (b. 1867) * May 16 – James Agee, American writer (b. 1909) * May 17 – Owen Roberts, American jurist (b. 1875) * May 18 – Mary McLeod Bethune, American educator (b. 1875) * May 19 – Concha Espina, Spanish writer (b. 1869) * May 26 – Alberto Ascari, Italian race-car driver (accident) (b. 1918) * May 29 – Rudolf Klein-Rogge, German actor (b. 1885) * May 30 – Bill Vukovich, American race-car driver (accident) (b. 1918)


June

* June 3 – Barbara Graham, American criminal (executed) (b. 1923) * June 10 – Margaret Abbott, American golfer (b. 1878) *
June 11 Events Pre-1600 * 173 – Marcomannic Wars: The Roman army in Moravia is encircled by the Quadi, who have broken the peace treaty (171). In a violent thunderstorm emperor Marcus Aurelius defeats and subdues them in the so-called "miracle ...
– Walter Hampden, American actor (b. 1879) * June 12 – Redcliffe N. Salaman, British botanist (b. 1874) *
June 13 Events Pre-1600 * 313 – The decisions of the Edict of Milan, signed by Constantine the Great and co-emperor Valerius Licinius, granting religious freedom throughout the Roman Empire, are published in Nicomedia. * 1325 – Ibn Battuta ...
- Walter Braemer, German Nazi war criminal (b. 1883) * June 17 – Carlyle Blackwell, American actor (b. 1884) *
June 26 Events Pre-1600 * 4 – Augustus adopts Tiberius. * 221 – Roman emperor Elagabalus adopts his cousin Alexander Severus as his heir and receives the title of Caesar. * 363 – Roman emperor Julian is killed during the retreat fr ...
– Engelbert Zaschka, German helicopter pioneer (b. 1895) * June 29 – Max Pechstein, German painter (b. 1881)


July

* July 9 – Adolfo de la Huerta, 38th President of Mexico (b. 1881) *
July 13 Events Pre-1600 * 1174 – William I of Scotland, a key rebel in the Revolt of 1173–74, is captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to Henry II of England. * 1249 – Coronation of Alexander III as King of Scots. *1260 – The Livon ...
** Ruth Ellis, British-born murderer, last woman to be executed in the United Kingdom (b. 1926) ** Stanley Price, American film and television actor (b. 1892) * July 20 – Calouste Gulbenkian, Armenian businessman and philanthropist (b. 1869) * July 23 – Cordell Hull, United States Secretary of State, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1871) * July 25 – Isaak Dunayevsky, Soviet film composer and conductor (b. 1900) * July 31 – Robert Francis (actor), Robert Francis, American actor (b. 1930)


August

*
August 1 Events Pre-1600 *30 BC – Octavian (later known as Augustus) enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Republic. *AD 69 – Batavian rebellion: The Batavians in Germania Inferior (Netherlands) revolt under ...
– William Hamilton (athlete), William Hamilton, American Olympic athlete (b. 1883) * August 2 ** Rupprecht, Crown Prince of Bavaria, Bavarian military leader and last Bavarian crown prince (b. 1869) ** Wallace Stevens, American poet (b. 1879) * August 5 – Carmen Miranda, Portuguese-born Brazilian singer and actress (b. 1909) * August 11 – Frank Seiberling, American inventor, co-founder of Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company (b. 1859) * August 12 ** Thomas Mann, German novelist, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1875) ** James B. Sumner, American chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1887) * August 13 – Florence Easton, English opera soprano (b. 1882) * August 17 – Fernand Léger, French painter and sculptor (b. 1881) * August 28Emmett Till, American murder victim (b. 1941)


September

* September 20 – Robert Riskin, American screenwriter (b. 1897) * September 23 – Martha Norelius, American Olympic swimmer (b. 1908) * September 30 ** Michael Chekhov, Russian actor, theatre director, and writer (b. 1891) ** James Dean, American actor (b. 1931)


October

*
October 4 Events Pre-1600 *AD 23 – Rebels sack the Chinese capital Chang'an during a peasant rebellion. *1209 – Otto IV is crowned Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by Pope Innocent III. *1302 – The Byzantine–Venetian War comes t ...
– Alexander Papagos, Greek Field Marshal (b. 1883) * October 7 – Rodolphe Seeldrayers, German journalist and administrator, 4th President of FIFA (b. 1876) * October 9 ** Theodor Innitzer, Cardinal Archbishop of Vienna (b. 1875) ** Alice Joyce, American actress (b. 1890) * October 13 ** Manuel Ávila Camacho, 45th President of Mexico (b. 1897) ** Alexandrina Maria da Costa, Portuguese Roman Catholic mystic, victim soul and blessed (b. 1904) * October 17 – Dimitrios Maximos, Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1873) * October 18 – José Ortega y Gasset, Spanish philosopher (b. 1883) * October 19 – John Hodiak, American actor (b. 1914) * October 25 – Sadako Sasaki, Japanese leukemia, atomic bomb sickness victim (b. 1943) *
October 27 Events Pre-1600 * 312 – Constantine is said to have received his famous Vision of the Cross. * 1275 – Traditional founding of the city of Amsterdam. * 1524 – French troops lay siege to Pavia. * 1553 – Condemned as ...
– Juan de Dios Martínez, 23rd President of Ecuador (b. 1875)


November

* November 1 – Dale Carnegie, American writer and lecturer (b. 1888) * November 4 ** David Julius, American physiologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine laureate (b.1903) ** Cy Young, American baseball player (Cleveland Spiders) and member of the MLB Hall of Fame (b. 1867) * November 5 – Maurice Utrillo, French artist (b. 1883) * November 6 – Edwin Barclay, 18th president of Liberia (b. 1882) * November 7 – Tom Powers, American actor (b. 1890) * November 12 – Alfréd Hajós, Hungarian swimmer and architect (b. 1878) * November 14 – Robert E. Sherwood, American playwright (b. 1896) * November 15 – Lloyd Bacon, American actor and director (b. 1889) * November 17 ** James P. Johnson, American pianist and composer (b. 1894) ** Helmuth Weidling, German general (b. 1891) * November 22 – Shemp Howard, American actor and comedian (The Three Stooges) (b. 1895) * November 27 – Arthur Honegger, French-born Swiss composer (b. 1892)


December

* December 5 – Jirō Minami, Japanese general and Governor-General of Korea (1936-1942) (b. 1874) * December 6 – Honus Wagner, American baseball player (Pittsburgh Pirates) and a member of the MLB Hall of Fame (b. 1874) * December 8 – Hermann Weyl, German mathematician, theoretical physicist and philosopher (b. 1885) * December 13 – António Egas Moniz, Portuguese neurologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1874) * December 15 – Otto Braun, German politician, former Minister President of the Free State of Prussia (b. 1872) * December 18 – Anna Murray Vail, American botanist (b. 1863) * December 21 – Garegin Nzhdeh, Armenian statesman (b. 1886) * December 24 – Nana Bryant, American actress (b. 1888)


Nobel Prizes

* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Willis Eugene Lamb and Polykarp Kusch * Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Vincent du Vigneaud * Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Physiology or Medicine – Axel Hugo Theodor Theorell * Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Halldór Laxness, Halldór Kiljan Laxness * Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – not awarded


References

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