1911 Melbourne South Province State By-election on:
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A notable ongoing event was the race for the South Pole.
*
* November 1 – The world's first combat aerial bombing mission takes place in Libya, during the Italo-Turkish War. Second Lieutenant Giulio Gavotti of Italy drops several small bombs.
* November 3 – Chevrolet officially enters the automobile market in the United States, in competition with the Ford Model T.
* November 4 – The Treaty of Berlin brings the Agadir Crisis to a close. This treaty leads Morocco to be split between France (as a protectorate) and Spain (as the colony of Spanish Sahara), with Germany forfeiting all claims to Morocco. In return, France gives Germany a portion of the French Congo (as Kamerun) and Germany cedes some of German Kamerun to France (as Chad).
* November 5 – Italy annexes Tripoli, Libya, Tripoli and Cyrenaica (confirmed by an act of the Italian Parliament on February 25, 1912).
* November 17 – Omega Psi Phi fraternity is founded on the campus of Howard University, in Washington, D.C.
* January 1
** Hank Greenberg, American baseball player (d. 1986)
** Roman Totenberg, Polish-American violinist (d. 2012)
* January 2 – Pavel Rychagov, Soviet air ace, air force general (d. 1941)
*
*
* March 1 – Mike Gilbert (rugby player), Mike Gilbert, New Zealand rugby union player (d. 2002)
* March 3 – Jean Harlow, American actress (d. 1937)
* March 5 – Wolfgang Larrazábal, 52nd President of Venezuela (d. 2003)
* March 6 – Nikolai Baibakov, Soviet statesman (d. 2008)
* March 8 – Alan Hovhaness, American composer (d. 2000)
* March 12 – Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, 49th President of Mexico (d. 1979)
* March 13 – L. Ron Hubbard, American author, founder of Scientology (d. 1986)
* March 16
** Pierre Harmel, 40th Prime Minister of Belgium (d. 2009)
** Josef Mengele, German Nazi war criminal (d. 1979)
* March 18 – Al Benton, American baseball player (d. 1968)
* March 20 – Alfonso García Robles, Mexican diplomat and politician, Nobel Peace Prize laureate (d. 1991)
* March 24
** Joseph Barbera, American cartoonist (d. 2006)
** Jane Drew, English architect (d. 1996)
** Ephraim Engleman, American rheumatologist (d. 2015)
*
* April 3
** Stanisława Walasiewicz, Polish-born athlete (d. 1980)
** Sir Michael Woodruff, British/Australian surgeon (d. 2001)
* April 4 – Narciso J. Alegre, Filipino civil liberties advocate (d. 1980)
* April 5 – Hédi Amara Nouira, Tunisian politician, 11th Prime Minister of Tunisia (d. 1993)
* April 6 – Feodor Lynen, German biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1979)
*
* May 5 – Andor Lilienthal, Hungarian chess Grandmaster (d. 2010)
* May 6 – Frank Nelson (actor), Frank Nelson, American actor (d. 1986)
* May 7 – Ishirō Honda, Japanese film director (d. 1993)
*
* June 3 – Ellen Corby, American actress (d. 1999)
* June 4 – Milovan Đilas, Yugoslavian Marxist (d. 1995)
* June 5 – Neel E. Kearby, American fighter ace (d. 1944)
* June 9 – Hawley Pratt, American film director, animator and illustrator (d. 1999)
* June 13
** Luis Walter Alvarez, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1988)
** Prince Aly Khan, Indian-born Pakistani imam of Ismaili Shi'a Islam (d. 1960)
* June 15 – Wilbert Awdry, English children's writer (d. 1997)
* June 16 – Paulo Gracindo, Brazilian actor (d. 1995)
* June 19 – Dudley Senanayake, 2nd Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (d. 1973)
* June 20 – Paul Pietsch, German racer, magazine magnate (d. 2012)
*
*
* August 2 – Rusty Wescoatt, American actor (d. 1987)
* August 3 – Manuel Esperón, Mexican musician, composer (d. 2011)
* August 5 – Robert Taylor (American actor), Robert Taylor, American actor (d. 1969)
* August 6
** Lucille Ball, American actress, television producer and co-owner of Desilu Productions (d. 1989)
** Norman Gordon, South African cricketer (d. 2014)
** Constance Fecher Heaven, British romance writer (d. 1995)
* August 7 – Nicholas Ray, American director (d. 1979)
* August 8 – Rosetta LeNoire, American actress (d. 2002)
* August 9 – William Alfred Fowler, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1995)
* August 10
** Leonidas Andrianopoulos, Greek footballer (d. 2011)
** A. N. Sherwin-White, English historian (d. 1993)
* August 11
** William H. Avery (politician), William H. Avery, American politician (d. 2009)
** Thanom Kittikachorn, 10th Prime Minister of Thailand (d. 2004)
* August 12 – Cantinflas, Mexican actor (d. 1993)
* August 13 – Roy Pinney, American herpetologist, photographer, war correspondent and writer (d. 2010)
* August 15 – Anthony Salerno, American gangster (d. 1992)
* August 17
** Mikhail Botvinnik, Russian chess player (d. 1995)
** Martin Sandberger, German military officer (d. 2010)
* August 18 – Amelia Boynton Robinson, African-American civil rights activist (d. 2015)
* August 23
** Betty Robinson, American Olympic athlete (d. 1999)
** Birger Ruud, Norwegian athlete (d. 1998)
* August 25 – Võ Nguyên Giáp, General of the Vietnam People's Army (d. 2013)
* August 29 – John Charnley, English orthopaedic surgeon, pioneer of hip replacement operation (d. 1982)
* August 31 – Ramón Vinay, Chilean operatic tenor (d. 1996)
* September 1 – Kōmei Abe, Japanese composer (d. 2006)
* September 2 – Romare Bearden, American artist (d. 1988)
* September 6 – Harry Danning, American baseball player (d. 2004)
* September 7 – Todor Zhivkov, 36th Prime Minister of Bulgaria (d. 1998)
* September 8 – Byron Morrow, American actor (d. 2006)
* September 9
** Paul Goodman, American author (d. 1972)
** John Gorton, Sir John Gorton, 19th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 2002)
* September 10
** Nelly Omar, Argentine actress and singer (d. 2013)
** Renée Simonot, French actress (d. 2021)
* September 13 – Bill Monroe, American musician (d. 1996)
* September 15 – Joseph Pevney, American director (d. 2008)
* September 19 – William Golding, English writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1993)
* September 24
** Konstantin Chernenko, General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (d. 1985)
** Ed Kretz, American motorcycle racer (d. 1996)
* September 25 – Eric Williams, 1st Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (d. 1981)
* September 27 – John Harvey (actor), John Harvey, American actor (d. 1982)
* September 29 – Charles Court, Australian politician (d. 2007)
* September 30
** Bernd von Brauchitsch, German air force officer (d. 1974)
** Ruth Gruber, American journalist and writer (d. 2016)
* October 3 – Edgar Sanabria, Venezuelan lawyer, diplomat and politician, Interim President of Venezuela (d. 1989)
* October 4 – Mary Two-Axe Earley, Canadian indigenous women's rights activist (d. 1996)
* October 5
**Pierre Dansereau, Canadian ecologist (d. 2011)
**Brian O'Nolan, Irish humorist (d. 1966)
* October 9 – Joe Rosenthal, American photographer (d. 2006)
* October 10 – Clare Hollingworth, English journalist (d. 2017)
* October 12 – Vijay Merchant, Indian cricketer (d. 1987)
* October 13
** Tadeusz Chyliński, Polish designer and constructor (d. 1978)
** Ashok Kumar, Indian actor (d. 2001)
* October 14 – Lê Đức Thọ, Vietnamese general and politician, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1990)
* October 15 – James H. Schmitz, German-born American science fiction writer (d. 1981)
* October 21
** Dick Harris (Australian rules footballer), Dick Harris, Australian rules footballer (d. 1993)
** William A. Mitchell, American food chemist, inventor (d. 2004)
* October 26
** Sid Gillman, American football coach (d. 2003)
** Mahalia Jackson, African-American Gospel music, gospel singer (d. 1972)
* October 27 – Leif Erickson (actor), Leif Erickson, American actor (d. 1986)
* October 30
** Ruth Hussey, American actress (d. 2005)
** Eileen Whelan, British cricketer (d. 2021)
* November 1
** Henri Troyat, French writer (d. 2007)
** Sidney Wood, American tennis player (d. 2009)
* November 2 – Odysseas Elytis, Greek writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1996)
* November 5 – Roy Rogers, American singer, actor (d. 1998)
* November 7
** Yolande Beekman, French-born World War II heroine (d. 1944)
** Ángeles Santos Torroella, Spanish painter (d. 2013)
* November 12
** Yehoshua Rabinovitz, Israeli politician (d. 1979)
** Chad Varah, British priest and humanitarian (d. 2007)
* November 13 – Buck O'Neil, American baseball player, manager (d. 2006)
* November 15 – Kay Walsh, British actress (d. 2005)
* November 24 – Erik Bergman, Finnish composer (d. 2006)
* November 25 – Roelof Frankot, Dutch painter (d. 1984)
* November 26 – Robert Marchand (cyclist), Robert Marchand, French cyclist (d. 2021)
* November 27
** David Merrick, American theater producer (d. 2000)
** Fe del Mundo, Filipino paediatrician (d. 2011)
* November 28 – Václav Renč, Czech poet, dramatist and translator (d. 1973)
* November 30 – Jorge Negrete, Mexican singer and actor (d. 1953)
* December 1 – Walter Alston, American baseball player, manager (d. 1984)
* December 3 – Nino Rota, Italian composer (d. 1979)
* December 5 – Władysław Szpilman, Polish pianist, memoirist (d. 2000)
* December 8 – Lee J. Cobb, American actor (d. 1976)
* December 9 – Broderick Crawford, American actor (d. 1986)
* December 10 – Chet Huntley, American television reporter (d. 1974)
* December 11
** Val Guest, British film director (d. 2006)
** Naguib Mahfouz, Egyptian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2006)
** Qian Xuesen, Chinese scientist (d. 2009)
* December 13
** Trygve Haavelmo, Norwegian economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1999)
** Kenneth Patchen, American poet and painter (d. 1972)
* December 14
** Jerzy Iwanow-Szajnowicz, Greek-Polish athlete, Resistance member (d. 1943)
** Spike Jones, American musician (d. 1965)
** Hans von Ohain, German physicist, designer of the first operational jet engine (d. 1998)
* December 15 – Stan Kenton, American jazz pianist, composer and arranger (d. 1979)
* December 17 – André Claveau, French singer, Eurovision Song Contest 1958 winner (d. 2003)
* December 18 – Jules Dassin, American director (d. 2008)
* December 20 – Hortense Calisher, American author (d. 2009)
* December 21 – Josh Gibson, African-American baseball player (d. 1947)
* December 23 – Niels Kaj Jerne, English-born immunologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1994)
* December 25 – Louise Bourgeois, French-born American artist (d. 2010)
* December 26
** Steve Kordek, American pinball innovator (d. 2012)
** Kikuko, Princess Takamatsu of Japan (d. 2004)
* December 27
** Abdul Halim (Indonesia), Abdul Halim, Indonesian politician, 4th Prime Minister of Indonesia (d. 1987)
** Anna Russell, British comedian and singer (d. 2006)
* December 28 – Sam Levenson, American humorist and author (d. 1980)
* December 29 – Klaus Fuchs, German theoretical physicist, spy (d. 1988)
* January 1 – John I. Curtin, American general (b. 1837)
*
* February 1 – Charles Stillman Sperry, American admiral (b. 1847)
* February 2 – Archduke Johann Salvator of Austria (b. 1852)
* February 4 – Piet Cronjé, Boer general (b. 1836)
* February 8 – Joaquín Costa, Spanish politician, lawyer, economist and historian (b. 1846)
* February 10 – Gustavo Maria Bruni, Italian childhood Roman Catholic servant of God (b. 1903)
* February 14 – David Boyle (archaeologist), David Boyle, Canadian archaeologist (b. 1842)
* February 15
** Theodor Escherich, German-born Austrian pediatrician (b. 1857)
** Pavel Grigorievich Dukmasov, Russian general (b. 1838)
* February 16 – Alice Morse Earle, American historian (b. 1851)
* February 18 – Buttons Briggs, American baseball player (b. 1875)
* February 21 – Isidre Nonell, Spanish painter (b. 1873)
* February 23
** Richard Henry Beddome, British military officer, naturalist (b. 1830)
** Giuditta Vannini, Italian Roman Catholic religious professed, blessed (b. 1859)
* February 25 – Fritz von Uhde, German painter (b. 1848)
* March 1 – Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, Dutch chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852)
* March 6
** Mary Anne Barker, English author (b. 1831)
** Thierry, Count of Limburg Stirum, Belgian historian (b. 1827)
* March 11 – Théotime Blanchard, Canadian farmer, teacher, merchant and politician (b. 1844)
* March 18
** Richard Chaffey Baker, Richard Baker, Australian politician (b. 1842)
** Anna Brackett, American feminist, educator (b. 1836)
* March 21 – Shams-ul-haq Azeemabadi, Indian Islamic scholar (b. 1857)
* March 22 – William Collins (bishop), William Collins, British Anglican bishop (b. 1867)
* March 24
** Rodolphe-Madeleine Cleophas Dareste de La Chavanne, French jurist (b. 1824)
** Dragan Tsankov, Bulgarian politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Bulgaria (b. 1828)
* March 27 – Margarita Savitskaya, Russian actress (b. 1868)
* March 28 – Samuel Franklin Emmons, American geologist (b. 1841)
* March 30
** Pellegrino Artusi, Italian businessman (b. 1820)
** Ellen Swallow Richards, American chemist (b. 1842)
* April 5 – Charles Frederic Moberly Bell, British journalist and newspaper editor (b. 1847)
* April 9 – Manuel Aguirre de Tejada, Spanish politician and lawyer (b. 1827)
* April 10 – Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis, Lithuanian artist and composer (b. 1875)
* April 12 – James Mathers (missionary), James Mathers, Irish missionary (b. 1854)
* April 14
** Addie Joss, American baseball player, National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum, Major League Baseball Hall of Fame member (b. 1880)
** Denman Thompson, American actor, playwright (b. 1833)
* April 25 – Emilio Salgari, Italian writer (b. 1862)
* April 26 – Pedro Paterno, Filipino politician (b. 1857)
* April 29 – Georg, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe (b. 1846)
* May 6 – Robert Alden, American author (b. 1836)
* May 9 – Thomas Wentworth Higginson, American Unitarian minister and abolitionist (b. 1823)
* May 16 – Gheorghe Manu, 17th Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1833)
* May 18 – Gustav Mahler, Austrian composer (b. 1860)
* May 21 – Williamina Fleming, Scottish astronomer (b. 1857)
* May 23 – John Douglas (English architect), John Douglas, English architect (b. 1830)
*
* June 1 – Claudio Brindis de Salas Garrido, Cuban violinist (b. 1852)
* June 2 – Axel Olof Freudenthal, Finnish philologist, politician (b. 1836)
* June 5 – Édouard Bague, French aviator (b. 1879)
* June 7
** William Gordon (bishop of Leeds), William Gordon, British Roman Catholic prelate (b. 1831)
** Maurice Rouvier, French statesman, Prime Minister of France (b. 1842)
* June 9 – Carrie Nation, American temperance activist (b. 1846)
* June 16 – Joshua H. Berkey, American publisher, minister and political activist (b. 1852)
* June 20 – Ghazaros Aghayan, Armenian writer, educator, folklorist, historian, linguist and public figure (b. 1840)
*
* July 2
** José Dias Correia de Carvalho, Portuguese Roman Catholic bishop (b. 1830)
** Mary M. Cohen, American social economist (b. 1854)
** Clement A. Evans, American Confederate general (b. 1833)
* July 5
** Maria Pia of Savoy, Queen consort of Portugal (b. 1847)
** George Johnstone Stoney, Irish physicist (b. 1826)
* July 6 – Princess Alexandra of Saxe-Altenburg (b. 1830)
* July 8 – Henry Perrine Baldwin, American businessman (b. 1842)
* July 11 – Laura Jacinta Rittenhouse, American temperance activist and juvenile literature author (b. 1841)
* July 14 – Ignaz von Peczely, Hungarian scientist, physician and homeopath (b. 1826)
* July 15
** Carlo Ademollo, Italian painter (b. 1824)
** Louisa Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire (b. 1832)
* July 16 – August Harambašić, Croatian writer (b. 1861)
* July 17 – Rufino José Cuervo, Colombian linguist, philologist and writer (b. 1844)
* July 19 – Manuel Iradier, Spanish explorer and Africanist (b. 1854)
* July 20 – Caleb Cook Baldwin, American Presbyterian missionary (b. 1820)
* July 25
** Edmund Bogdanowicz, Polish poet, writer and journalist (b. 1857)
** Carmen Salles y Barangueras, Spanish Roman Catholic religious professed and saint (b. 1848)
* July 26 – José Alves de Cerqueira César, Brazilian politician (b. 1835)
* August 1
** Edwin Austin Abbey, American painter (b. 1852)
** Konrad Duden, German philologist (b. 1829)
* August 6 – Florentino Ameghino, Argentine naturalist, paleontologist, anthropologist and zoologist (b. 1853)
* August 7
** Elizabeth Akers Allen, American poet and journalist (b. 1832)
** José Rafael Balmaceda, Chilean politician, diplomat (b. 1850)
* August 11
** Isabela de Rosis, Italian Roman Catholic religious sister, servant of God and Venerable (b. 1842)
** Albert Ladenburg, German chemist (b. 1842)
* August 12 – Jules Brunet, French military leader (b. 1838)
* August 14 – Henry Rathbone, Union Army officer and diplomat (b. 1837)
* August 15 – William R. Badger, American pioneer aviator (b. 1886)
* August 16 – Patrick Francis Moran, Australian cardinal, Catholic Bishops and Archbishops of Sydney, Archbishop of Sydney (b. 1830)
* August 17 – Petro Nini Luarasi, Albanian activist (b. 1854)
* August 29 – Mahbub Ali Khan of Hyderabad (b. 1886)
* August 31 – Benjamin Grierson, American Civil War general (b. 1826)
* September 4 – John Francon Williams, Welsh-born journalist, writer, geographer, historian, cartographer and inventor (b. 1854)
* September 7 – Friedrich Breitfuss, Russian philatelist (b. 1851)
* September 12 – William Alexander (bishop), William Alexander, Irish Anglican bishop, Primate of All Ireland (b. 1824)
* September 15 – Joel Benton, American writer, poet and lecturer (b. 1832)
* September 16 – Edward Whymper, British explorer, mountaineer (b. 1840)
* September 18 – Pyotr Stolypin, 3rd Prime Minister of Russia (assassinated) (b. 1862)
* September 20 – Sir Robert Hart, 1st Baronet, British diplomat (b. 1835)
* September 23 – John Arthur Barry, British-born Australian journalist, author (b. 1850)
* September 25 – Emma Helen Blair, American journalist, editor (b. 1851)
* September 29 – Henry Northcote, 1st Baron Northcote, 3rd Governor-General of Australia (b. 1846)
* September 30 – Herbert Hope Risley, Sir Herbert Risley, British ethnographer and colonial administrator (b. 1851)
* October – Blanche Atkinson, British novelist (b. 1847)
* October 1 – Wilhelm Dilthey, German psychologist, sociologist and philosopher (b. 1833)
* October 2 – Winfield Scott Schley, American admiral (b. 1839)
* October 3 – Carolina Beatriz Ângelo, Portuguese physician (b. 1878)
* October 5 – William Astley, Australian writer (b. 1855)
* October 7
** John Hughlings Jackson, English neurologist (b. 1835)
** Elmer McCurdy, American outlaw (b. 1880)
* October 8 – Lee Batchelor, Australian politician (b. 1865)
* October 9
** Cornelius Newton Bliss, American merchant, politician and collector (b. 1833)
** Antonio Borrero, 10th President of Ecuador (b. 1827)
* October 11
** Dimitar Agura, Bulgarian historian (b. 1849)
** Henry Broadhurst, British trade unionist, politician (b. 1840)
** Elena Arellano Chamorro, Nicaraguan pioneer educator (b. 1836)
* October 13 – Miguel Malvar, Filipino general (b. 1865)
* October 14 – John Marshall Harlan, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (b. 1833)
* October 17 – José López Domínguez, Spanish military officer, politician and 24th Prime Minister of Spain (b. 1829)
* October 18 – Alfred Binet, French psychologist (b. 1857)
* October 19 – Eugene Burton Ely, American aviation pioneer (b. 1886)
* October 24 – Ida Lewis (lighthouse keeper), Ida Lewis, American lighthouse keeper (b. 1842)
* October 27 – Arthur Lloyd (missionary), Arthur Lloyd, British Anglican missionary (b. 1852)
* October 28 – Clement V. Rogers, Cherokee politician, father of Will Rogers (b. 1839)
* October 29 – Joseph Pulitzer, Hungarian-born newspaper publisher, journalist (b. 1847)"Joseph Pulitzer Dies Here," ''Charleston [S.C.] News & Courier'', October 30, 1911, p. 1
* October 30 – Elizabeth Herbert, Baroness Herbert of Lea, English Catholic writer, translator, philanthropist and social figure (b. 1822)
* October 31 – John Joseph Montgomery, American glider pioneer (b. 1858)
* November 2 – Kyrle Bellew, English actor (b. 1850)
* November 3 – George Chrystal, British mathematician (b. 1851)
* November 7
** Constantin Budisteanu, Romanian soldier, politician (b. 1838)
** Nathaniel Bull, Australian politician (b. 1842)
* November 8 – Oscar Bielaski, American baseball player (b. 1847)
* November 9 – Howard Pyle, American artist and fiction writer (b. 1853)
* November 10 – Christian Lundeberg, Swedish politician, 10th Prime Minister of Sweden (b. 1842)
* November 11 – Josef Roman Lorenz, Austrian naturalist (b. 1825)
* November 14 – Francis Buxton, British barrister and politician (b. 1847)
* November 19
** Billy Beaumont, English football player (b. 1883)
** Ramón Cáceres, 31st President of the Dominican Republic (b. 1866)
* November 20 – Sophia Frances Anne Caulfeild, British needlework artist (b. 1824)
* November 22
** William George Aston, British consular official (b. 1841)
** John Sanford Barnes, American businessman (b. 1836)
* November 23
** James George Bell, American businessman, settler (b. 1831)
** Bernard Tancred, South African cricketer (b. 1865)
* November 25 – Paul Lafargue, French Marxist theorist, activist (b. 1842)
* November 26
** Komura Jutarō, Japanese statesman (b. 1855)
** Nikola Hristić, Prime Minister of Serbia (b. 1818)
* November 28 – Preston Jacobus, American developer, businessman and politician (b. 1864)
* November 29 – Stanley Calvert Clarke, British army officer, courtier
* December 1 – Vassily Maximov, Russian painter (b. 1844)
* December 2
** George Davidson (geographer), George Davidson, English-born American geodesist, astronomer, geographer, surveyor and engineer (b. 1825)
** Eugène Alphonse Dyer, Canadian merchant, farmer and political figure (b. 1838)
* December 7 – Robert Maitland Brereton, English railway engineer (b. 1834)
* December 9 – Blessed Bernard Mary of Jesus, Italian Roman Catholic priest, blessed (b. 1831)
* December 10 – Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker, English botanist (b. 1817)
* December 11 – Thomas Ball (artist), Thomas Ball, American sculptor, musician (b. 1819)
* December 13 – Nikolay Beketov, Russian chemist (b. 1827)
* December 19 – John Bigelow, American lawyer, statesman (b. 1817)
* December 20 – Rose Eytinge, American actress (b. 1835)
* December 21
** Catharine H. T. Avery, American author and editor (b. 1844)
** Emilio Estrada Carmona, 18th President of Ecuador (b. 1855)
* December 22
** Mary Jane Coggeshall, American suffragist (b. 1836)
** Odilon Lannelongue, French surgeon (b. 1840)
* December 24 – Hyacinth (Jacek) Gulski, American Roman Catholic priest (b. 1847)
* December 25 – Arthur F. Griffith, American calculating prodigy (b. 1880)
''New International year book: 1911'' comprehensive, global coverage online
''Britannica year-book, 1913'' (1913) covers 1911 and 1912, global coverage
* Gilbert, Martin. ''A History of the Twentieth Century: Volume 1 1900-1933'' (1997); global coverage of politics, diplomacy and warfare; pp 225–44. {{DEFAULTSORT:1911 1911,
Events
January
* January 1 – A decade after federation, the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory are added to the Commonwealth of Australia. *January 3
Events Pre-1600
*AD 69, 69 – The Roman legions on the Rhine refuse to declare their allegiance to Galba, instead proclaiming their legate, Aulus Vitellius, as emperor.
* 250 – Emperor Decius orders everyone in the Roman Empire (ex ...
** 1911 Kebin earthquake: An earthquake of 7.7 moment magnitude strikes near Almaty
Almaty (; kk, Алматы; ), formerly known as Alma-Ata ( kk, Алма-Ата), is the List of most populous cities in Kazakhstan, largest city in Kazakhstan, with a population of about 2 million. It was the capital of Kazakhstan from 1929 to ...
in Russian Turkestan, killing 450 or more people.
** Siege of Sidney Street
The siege of Sidney Street of January 1911, also known as the Battle of Stepney, was a Shootout, gunfight in the East End of London between a combined police and army force and two Latvians, Latvian revolutionaries. The siege was the culminati ...
in London: Two Latvian anarchists die, after a seven-hour siege against a combined police and military force. Home Secretary Winston Churchill
Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (30 November 187424 January 1965) was a British statesman, soldier, and writer who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom twice, from 1940 to 1945 Winston Churchill in the Second World War, dur ...
arrives to oversee events.
* January 5 – Egypt's Zamalek SC is founded as a general sports and Association football club by Belgian lawyer George Merzbach as Qasr El Nile Club.
* January 14
Events Pre-1600
*1236 – King Henry III of England marries Eleanor of Provence.
*1301 – Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Árpád dynasty in Hungary.
1601–1900
*1639 – The "Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, Fundamenta ...
– Roald Amundsen's South Pole expedition makes landfall, on the eastern edge of the Ross Ice Shelf
The Ross Ice Shelf is the largest ice shelf of Antarctica (, an area of roughly and about across: about the size of France). It is several hundred metres thick. The nearly vertical ice front to the open sea is more than long, and between hi ...
.
* January 18 – Eugene B. Ely
Eugene Burton Ely (October 21, 1886 – October 19, 1911) was an American aviation pioneer, credited with the first shipboard aircraft take off and landing.
Background
Ely was born in Williamsburg, Iowa, and raised in Davenport, Iowa. Having ...
lands on the deck of the USS ''Pennsylvania'' stationed in San Francisco harbor, the first time an aircraft has landed on a ship.
* January 26 – The United States and Canada announce the successful negotiation of their first reciprocal trade agreement.
February
*February 5
Events Pre-1600
* 62 – Earthquake in Pompeii, Italy.
* 1576 – Henry of Navarre abjures Catholicism at Tours and rejoins the Protestant forces in the French Wars of Religion.
* 1597 – A group of early Japanese Christians ar ...
** The Missouri State Capitol
The Missouri State Capitol is the home of the Missouri General Assembly and the executive branch of government of the U.S. state of Missouri. Located in Jefferson City at 201 West Capitol Avenue, it is the third capitol to be built in the city. ( ...
building in Jefferson City, Missouri
Jefferson City, informally Jeff City, is the capital of Missouri, United States. It had a population of 43,228 at the 2020 census, ranking as the 15th most populous city in the state. It is also the county seat of Cole County and the princip ...
is destroyed by fire after a bolt of lightning strikes the dome.
** The revolution in Haiti
Haiti (; ht, Ayiti ; French: ), officially the Republic of Haiti (); ) and formerly known as Hayti, is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea, east of Cuba and Jamaica, and ...
is suppressed after the leader, General Montreuil Guillaume, is captured by government troops and shot. General Millionard is executed two days later.
* February 17
Events Pre-1600
* 1370 – Northern Crusades: Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Teutonic Knights meet in the Battle of Rudau.
* 1411 – Following the successful campaigns during the Ottoman Interregnum, Musa Çelebi, one of the sons of ...
– The first "quasi-official" airmail flight occurs, when Fred Wiseman carries three letters between Petaluma and Santa Rosa, California.
* February 18
** The first official air mail flight, second overall, takes place in British India from Allahabad
Allahabad (), officially known as Prayagraj, also known as Ilahabad, is a metropolis in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.The other five cities were: Agra, Kanpur (Cawnpore), Lucknow, Meerut, and Varanasi (Benares). It is the administrat ...
to Naini when Henri Pequet carries 6,500 letters a distance of 13 km.
** A serious earthquake causes a landslide that creates Lake Sarez in modern-day Tajikistan.
March
* March 19 –International Women's Day
International Women's Day (IWD) is a global holiday celebrated annually on March 8 as a focal point in the women's rights movement, bringing attention to issues such as gender equality, reproductive rights, and violence and abuse against wom ...
is celebrated for the first time across Europe.
* March 25
Events Pre-1600
* 421 – Italian city Venice is founded with the dedication of the first church, that of San Giacomo di Rialto on the islet of Rialto.
* 708 – Pope Constantine becomes the 88th pope. He would be the last pope to vi ...
– The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire in New York City kills 146 people.
* March 29 – The United States Army adopts a new service pistol, the M1911, designed by John Browning
John Moses Browning (January 23, 1855 – November 26, 1926) was an American firearm designer who developed many varieties of military and civilian firearms, cartridges, and gun mechanisms many of which are still in use around the world. He m ...
(it remains the U.S. service pistol for 74 years).
April
* April 3 – Jean Sibelius conducts the première of his '' Symphony No. 4'', in Helsinki. *April 8
Events Pre-1600
* 217 – Roman emperor Caracalla is assassinated and is succeeded by his Praetorian Guard prefect, Marcus Opellius Macrinus.
* 876 – The Battle of Dayr al-'Aqul saves Baghdad from the Saffarids.
*1139 – Ro ...
– Heike Kamerlingh Onnes discovers superconductivity
Superconductivity is a set of physical properties observed in certain materials where electrical resistance vanishes and magnetic flux fields are expelled from the material. Any material exhibiting these properties is a superconductor. Unlike ...
; he presents his findings on April 28.
* April 13
Events Pre-1600
*1111 – Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor.
* 1204 – Constantinople falls to the Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade, temporarily ending the Byzantine Empire.
1601–1900
*1612 – In one of the epic samurai ...
– Mexican Revolution
The Mexican Revolution ( es, Revolución Mexicana) was an extended sequence of armed regional conflicts in Mexico from approximately 1910 to 1920. It has been called "the defining event of modern Mexican history". It resulted in the destruction ...
: Rebels take Agua Prieta on the Sonora
Sonora (), officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Sonora ( en, Free and Sovereign State of Sonora), is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the Administrative divisions of Mexico, Federal Entities of Mexico. The state is d ...
– Arizona border; government troops take the town back April 17, when the rebel leader "Red" López gets drunk.
* April 18 – , a 5,557-ton Portuguese passenger liner en route from Mozambique to Lisbon
Lisbon (; pt, Lisboa ) is the capital and largest city of Portugal, with an estimated population of 544,851 within its administrative limits in an area of 100.05 km2. Grande Lisboa, Lisbon's urban area extends beyond the city's administr ...
, strikes Bellows Rock just off Cape Point and sinks.
* April 19 – Mexican Revolution
The Mexican Revolution ( es, Revolución Mexicana) was an extended sequence of armed regional conflicts in Mexico from approximately 1910 to 1920. It has been called "the defining event of modern Mexican history". It resulted in the destruction ...
: Francisco I. Madero's troops besiege Ciudad Juárez
Ciudad Juárez ( ; ''Juarez City''. ) is the most populous city in the Mexican state of Chihuahua. It is commonly referred to as Juárez and was known as El Paso del Norte (''The Pass of the North'') until 1888. Juárez is the seat of the Ju ...
, but General Juan J. Navarro refuses his surrender demand.
* April 22 – A passenger train from Port Alfred to Grahamstown, South Africa derails on the Blaauwkrantz Bridge, and plunges into the ravine below, killing 31 and seriously injuring 23.''The South African Railways – Historical Survey''. Editor George Hart, Publisher Bill Hart, Sponsored by Dorbyl Ltd., Published c. 1978, p. 24.
* April 26 – HŠK Građanski Zagreb (predecessor of GNK Dinamo Zagreb
Građanski nogometni klub Dinamo Zagreb ( en, Dinamo Zagreb Citizens' Football Club, link=yes, italics=yes), commonly referred to as GNK Dinamo Zagreb or simply Dinamo Zagreb (), is a Croatian professional football club based in Zagreb. Dinamo ...
), a Croatian Association football club, is founded in Zagreb.
* April 27
Events Pre-1600
* 247 – Philip the Arab marks the millennium of Rome with a celebration of the ''ludi saeculares''.
* 395 – Emperor Arcadius marries Aelia Eudoxia, daughter of the Frankish general Flavius Bauto. She becomes one of ...
– Huanghuagang Uprising: In China, rebels take five villages in an attempt to create a power base to fight Imperial rule; those who die are remembered as "The 72 Martyrs" (the event is also called the "Second Guangzhou Uprising" and the "Yellow Flower Mound Revolt").
May
*May 8
Events Pre-1600
* 453 BC – Spring and Autumn period: The house of Zhao defeats the house of Zhi, ending the Battle of Jinyang, a military conflict between the elite families of the State of Jin.
* 413 – Emperor Honorius signs a ...
– Mexican Revolution
The Mexican Revolution ( es, Revolución Mexicana) was an extended sequence of armed regional conflicts in Mexico from approximately 1910 to 1920. It has been called "the defining event of modern Mexican history". It resulted in the destruction ...
: Pancho Villa launches an attack against government troops in Ciudad Juárez
Ciudad Juárez ( ; ''Juarez City''. ) is the most populous city in the Mexican state of Chihuahua. It is commonly referred to as Juárez and was known as El Paso del Norte (''The Pass of the North'') until 1888. Juárez is the seat of the Ju ...
without Madero's permission; the government troops surrender on May 10
Events Pre-1600
* 28 BC – A sunspot is observed by Han dynasty astronomers during the reign of Emperor Cheng of Han, one of the earliest dated sunspot observations in China.
*1291 – Scottish nobles recognize the authority of Edw ...
.
* May 13– 15 – Mexican Revolution
The Mexican Revolution ( es, Revolución Mexicana) was an extended sequence of armed regional conflicts in Mexico from approximately 1910 to 1920. It has been called "the defining event of modern Mexican history". It resulted in the destruction ...
: Torreón massacre – Over 300 Chinese residents are massacred by the revolutionary forces of Francisco I. Madero, in the Mexican city of Torreón.
* May 15 –Standard Oil
Standard Oil Company, Inc., was an American oil production, transportation, refining, and marketing company that operated from 1870 to 1911. At its height, Standard Oil was the largest petroleum company in the world, and its success made its co-f ...
is dissolved by the Supreme Court of the United States
The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all U.S. federal court cases, and over state court cases that involve a point o ...
into 34 separate oil companies including Exxon
ExxonMobil Corporation (commonly shortened to Exxon) is an American multinational oil and gas corporation headquartered in Irving, Texas. It is the largest direct descendant of John D. Rockefeller's Standard Oil, and was formed on November 30, ...
, Mobil
Mobil is a petroleum brand owned and operated by American oil and gas corporation ExxonMobil. The brand was formerly owned and operated by an oil and gas corporation of the same name, which itself merged with Exxon to form ExxonMobil in 1999.
...
, Chevron, Texaco, and others due to violation of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act
* May 17 – Mexican Revolution
The Mexican Revolution ( es, Revolución Mexicana) was an extended sequence of armed regional conflicts in Mexico from approximately 1910 to 1920. It has been called "the defining event of modern Mexican history". It resulted in the destruction ...
: Porfirio Díaz
José de la Cruz Porfirio Díaz Mori ( or ; ; 15 September 1830 – 2 July 1915), known as Porfirio Díaz, was a Mexican general and politician who served seven terms as President of Mexico, a total of 31 years, from 28 November 1876 to 6 Decem ...
is convinced to resign, but does not do so yet.
* May 21 – Mexican Revolution
The Mexican Revolution ( es, Revolución Mexicana) was an extended sequence of armed regional conflicts in Mexico from approximately 1910 to 1920. It has been called "the defining event of modern Mexican history". It resulted in the destruction ...
: In Ciudad Juárez
Ciudad Juárez ( ; ''Juarez City''. ) is the most populous city in the Mexican state of Chihuahua. It is commonly referred to as Juárez and was known as El Paso del Norte (''The Pass of the North'') until 1888. Juárez is the seat of the Ju ...
, a peace treaty is signed between Madero's rebels and government troops.
* May 24
Events Pre-1600
* 919 – The nobles of Franconia and Saxony elect Henry the Fowler at the Imperial Diet in Fritzlar as king of the East Frankish Kingdom.
* 1218 – The Fifth Crusade leaves Acre for Egypt.
* 1276 – Magnus La ...
– Mexican Revolution
The Mexican Revolution ( es, Revolución Mexicana) was an extended sequence of armed regional conflicts in Mexico from approximately 1910 to 1920. It has been called "the defining event of modern Mexican history". It resulted in the destruction ...
: Government troops fire at anti-Diaz demonstrators in Mexico City, killing about 200 (officials claim only 40).
* May 25 – Mexican Revolution
The Mexican Revolution ( es, Revolución Mexicana) was an extended sequence of armed regional conflicts in Mexico from approximately 1910 to 1920. It has been called "the defining event of modern Mexican history". It resulted in the destruction ...
: Porfirio Díaz
José de la Cruz Porfirio Díaz Mori ( or ; ; 15 September 1830 – 2 July 1915), known as Porfirio Díaz, was a Mexican general and politician who served seven terms as President of Mexico, a total of 31 years, from 28 November 1876 to 6 Decem ...
signs his resignation and leaves for Veracruz; on May 31 he leaves for exile in France.
* May 30
Events Pre-1600
* 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus and his Roman legions breach the Second Wall of Jerusalem. Jewish defenders retreat to the First Wall. The Romans build a circumvallation, cutting down all trees within fifteen kilometres ...
– The very first Indianapolis 500 automobile race is held in the United States, won by Ray Harroun at an average speed of 74.59 miles per hour.
* May 31 – The hull of the is launched in Belfast, on the same day starts her sea trials.
June
* June 7 –Mexican Revolution
The Mexican Revolution ( es, Revolución Mexicana) was an extended sequence of armed regional conflicts in Mexico from approximately 1910 to 1920. It has been called "the defining event of modern Mexican history". It resulted in the destruction ...
: Francisco Madero
Francisco Ignacio Madero González (; 30 October 1873 – 22 February 1913) was a Mexican businessman, revolutionary, writer and statesman, who became the 37th president of Mexico from 1911 until he was deposed in a coup d'etat in February 1 ...
arrives in Mexico City, just after the 1911 Michoacán earthquake
The 1911 Michoacán earthquake occurred on June 7 at 04:26 local time (11:02 Coordinated Universal Time, UTC). The epicenter was located near the coast of Michoacán, Mexico. The earthquake had a magnitude of 7.6 on the moment magnitude scale. 45 ...
.
* June 14 – departs Southampton, England, for her maiden voyage, with a first call at Cherbourg, France.
* June 15 – RMS ''Olympic'' arrives in Queenstown, Ireland, to discharge and take up passengers.
* June 21
Events Pre-1600
* 533 – A Byzantine expeditionary fleet under Belisarius sails from Constantinople to attack the Vandals in Africa, via Greece and Sicily (approximate date).
* 1307 – Külüg Khan is enthroned as Khagan of the Mo ...
– arrives in New York at the end of her maiden voyage. She proceeds to her quarantine station off Staten Island, which she leaves at 7:45 a.m., and is saluted on her way up New York Harbor
New York Harbor is at the mouth of the Hudson River where it empties into New York Bay near the East River tidal estuary, and then into the Atlantic Ocean on the east coast of the United States. It is one of the largest natural harbors in t ...
by all kinds of craft as she steams to Pier 59 in the North River. With the assistance of twelve tugs, ''Olympic'' is safely moored at 10 a.m.
* June 22 – George V and Mary of Teck are crowned King and Queen of the United Kingdom
The monarchy of the United Kingdom, commonly referred to as the British monarchy, is the constitutional form of government by which a hereditary sovereign reigns as the head of state of the United Kingdom, the Crown Dependencies (the Bailiwi ...
and the British Dominions, at Westminster Abbey in London. Moored at Pier 59 of New York Harbor, is decorated for the occasion.
* June 23
Events Pre-1600
* 229 – Sun Quan proclaims himself emperor of Eastern Wu.
* 1266 – War of Saint Sabas: In the Battle of Trapani, the Venetians defeat a larger Genoese fleet, capturing all its ships.
* 1280 – The Spanish Re ...
– Frank C. Mars starts the Mars Candy Factory in Tacoma, Washington, origin of Mars, Incorporated, the global confectionery
Confectionery is the art of making confections, which are food items that are rich in sugar and carbohydrates. Exact definitions are difficult. In general, however, confectionery is divided into two broad and somewhat overlapping categories ...
and pet food brand.
* June 25 – The Polish Football Union (PFU), later absorbed into the Polish Football Association (Polish: ''Polski Związek Piłki Nożnej'', PZPN), is founded.
* June 28
Events Pre-1600
* 1098 – Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul at the battle of Antioch.
* 1360 – Muhammed VI becomes the tenth Nasrid king of Granada after killing his brother-in-law Ismail II.
* 1461 – ...
** departs New York for her maiden eastbound voyage home to Southampton, England.
** The Nakhla meteorite
Nakhla is a Martian meteorite which fell in Egypt in 1911. It was the first meteorite reported from Egypt, the first one to suggest signs of aqueous processes on Mars, and the prototype for Nakhlite type of meteorites.
History
The Nakhla mete ...
falls in the Abu Hummus region of Egypt, providing evidence of water on Mars.
* June – The Sixth Conference of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance
Sixth Conference of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance was held in June 1911 in Stockholm, Sweden. It was led by the organization's president, Carrie Chapman Catt.
The proceedings were inaugurated on Sunday, 11 June in the Gustaf Vasa Chur ...
is held in Stockholm, Sweden.
July
* July 1
Events Pre-1600
* 69 – Tiberius Julius Alexander orders his Roman legions in Alexandria to swear allegiance to Vespasian as Emperor.
* 552 – Battle of Taginae: Byzantine forces under Narses defeat the Ostrogoths in Italy, and the ...
– The presence of the German warship '' Panther'' in the Moroccan port of Agadir triggers the Agadir Crisis.
* July 4 – , having crossed the Atlantic, discharges passengers and mails off Plymouth, England.
* July 5 – arrives in Southampton, England, ending her maiden eastbound voyage from New York.
* July 24 – Hiram Bingham rediscovers Machu Picchu
Machu Picchu is a 15th-century Inca citadel located in the Eastern Cordillera of southern Peru on a mountain range.UNESCO World Heritage Centre. It is located in the Machupicchu District within Urubamba Province above the Sacred Valley, which ...
in Peru.
* July 28 – The Australasian Antarctic Expedition began as the SY ''Aurora'' departed London.
August
* August 17– 20 – Britain's National Railway strike of 1911, its first national strike of railway workers; on August 19 it leads to the Llanelli riots in Wales which result in 6 deaths. *August 21
Events Pre-1600
* 959 – Eraclus becomes the 25th bishop of Liège.
* 1140 – Song dynasty general Yue Fei defeats an army led by Jin dynasty general Wuzhu at the Battle of Yancheng during the Jin–Song Wars.
*1169 – Battle o ...
– Leonardo da Vinci's '' Mona Lisa'' is stolen from the Louvre museum in Paris by Vincenzo Peruggia; the painting is returned in 1913.
* August 27 – CSKA Moscow, a professional multi-sports club in Russia, is officially founded.
September
* September 20 – collides with HMS ''Hawke'' in The Solent, causing considerable damage to both ships. * September 25 – French battleship ''Liberté'' explodes at anchor in Toulon, France, killing around 300 onboard and in the surrounding area. * September 29 – Italy declares war on the Ottoman Empire.October
* October 4 –China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...
adopts " Cup of Solid Gold" as its first national anthem. However, it is never performed publicly and is replaced a few months later with a new composition.
* October 7 – Liberal leader Karl Staaff
Karl Albert Staaff (21 January 1860 – 4 October 1915) was a Swedish liberal politician and lawyer. He was chairman of the Liberal Coalition Party (1907–1915) and served twice as Prime Minister of Sweden (1905–1906 and 1911–1914).
Staaff ...
returns as Prime Minister of Sweden after a Riksdag election victory based on the promises of defense cuts and social reforms.
* October 10 – The Wuchang Uprising starts the Xinhai Revolution, that leads to the founding of the Republic of China
Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northeast ...
.
* October 16 – Mexican Revolution
The Mexican Revolution ( es, Revolución Mexicana) was an extended sequence of armed regional conflicts in Mexico from approximately 1910 to 1920. It has been called "the defining event of modern Mexican history". It resulted in the destruction ...
: Felix Diaz, nephew of Porfirio Díaz
José de la Cruz Porfirio Díaz Mori ( or ; ; 15 September 1830 – 2 July 1915), known as Porfirio Díaz, was a Mexican general and politician who served seven terms as President of Mexico, a total of 31 years, from 28 November 1876 to 6 Decem ...
, occupies the port of Veracruz, as a sign of rebellion against Madero.
* October 26 – In American baseball, the Philadelphia Athletics
The Philadelphia Athletics were a Major League Baseball team that played in Philadelphia from 1901 to 1954, when they moved to Kansas City, Missouri, and became the Kansas City Athletics. Following another move in 1967, the team became the Oaklan ...
defeat the New York Giants
The New York Giants are a professional American football team based in the New York metropolitan area. The Giants compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's National Football Conference (NFC) East division. ...
, 13–2, to win the 1911 World Series
The 1911 World Series was the championship series in Major League Baseball for the 1911 season. The eighth edition of the World Series, it matched the American League (AL) champion Philadelphia Athletics against the National League (NL) champion ...
in 6 games. The game is tied 1–1 after three innings, but with four runs in the fourth, and seven runs in the seventh, the A's demolish the Giants. The most unusual play of the game is an inside-the-park home run made by the A's Jack Barry, on a Bunt (baseball), bunt.
November
* November 1 – The world's first combat aerial bombing mission takes place in Libya, during the Italo-Turkish War. Second Lieutenant Giulio Gavotti of Italy drops several small bombs.
* November 3 – Chevrolet officially enters the automobile market in the United States, in competition with the Ford Model T.
* November 4 – The Treaty of Berlin brings the Agadir Crisis to a close. This treaty leads Morocco to be split between France (as a protectorate) and Spain (as the colony of Spanish Sahara), with Germany forfeiting all claims to Morocco. In return, France gives Germany a portion of the French Congo (as Kamerun) and Germany cedes some of German Kamerun to France (as Chad).
* November 5 – Italy annexes Tripoli, Libya, Tripoli and Cyrenaica (confirmed by an act of the Italian Parliament on February 25, 1912).
* November 17 – Omega Psi Phi fraternity is founded on the campus of Howard University, in Washington, D.C.
December
* December 1 – Outer Mongolia, the forerunner of modern-day Mongolia, is declared independent from the Qing dynasty, Chinese Empire. * December 2 – Australasian Antarctic Expedition sets sail from Hobart. * December 9 – A Cross Mountain Mine disaster, mine explosion near Briceville, Tennessee kills 84 miners, despite rescue efforts led by the United States Bureau of Mines. * December 12 – The Delhi Durbar#Durbar of 1911, Delhi Durbar is held to mark the coronation of George V and Mary of Teck, Queen Mary as Emperor of India, Emperor and Empress of India, and the transfer of the capital of Presidencies and provinces of British India, British India from Calcutta to Delhi. * December 14 – Roald Amundsen's expedition reaches the South Pole. * December 18 – The first exhibition by Der Blaue Reiter group of painters opens in Munich. * December 18–December 28, 28 – George V's 1911 hunting trip in Nepal. * December 24 – Lackawanna Cut-Off railway line opens in New Jersey and Pennsylvania. * December 29 – Sun Yat-sen is elected Provisional President of theRepublic of China
Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northeast ...
.
Date unknown
* The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' Eleventh Edition is published under American management in England, by Cambridge University Press. * New Zealand-born British physicist Ernest Rutherford deduces the existence of a compact atomic nucleus from experiments involving Rutherford scattering, proposing the Rutherford model of the atom. * The first suffrage organisation in Romania, ''Liga Drepturile si Datoriile Femeii'', is founded. * The Air Intelligence of Russia, Air Intelligence branch of Russia's Airforce is created.Births
January
* January 1
** Hank Greenberg, American baseball player (d. 1986)
** Roman Totenberg, Polish-American violinist (d. 2012)
* January 2 – Pavel Rychagov, Soviet air ace, air force general (d. 1941)
* January 3
Events Pre-1600
*AD 69, 69 – The Roman legions on the Rhine refuse to declare their allegiance to Galba, instead proclaiming their legate, Aulus Vitellius, as emperor.
* 250 – Emperor Decius orders everyone in the Roman Empire (ex ...
– Al Sack, American conductor, composer and violinist (d. 1947)
* January 5 – Jean-Pierre Aumont, French actor (d. 2001)
* January 7 – Butterfly McQueen, American actress (d. 1995)
* January 10
** Binod Bihari Chowdhury, Bangladeshi revolutionary (d. 2013)
** Norman Heatley, British biologist (d. 2004)
* January 11
** Brunhilde Pomsel, German broadcaster and secretary (d. 2017)
** Zenkō Suzuki, 44th Prime Minister of Japan (d. 2004)
* January 13 – Joh Bjelke-Petersen, 31st Premier of Queensland (d. 2005)
* January 15
* January 16 – Eduardo Frei Montalva, Chilean politician, 29th President of Chile (d. 1982)
* January 17
** John S. McCain Jr., American admiral (d. 1981)
** George Stigler, American economist, Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1991)
* January 18
** José María Arguedas, Peruvian novelist, poet and anthropologist (d. 1969)
** Danny Kaye, American actor, comedian (d. 1987)
* January 19
** Ken Nelson (United States record producer), Ken Nelson, American record producer, music executive (d. 2008)
** Choor Singh, Singaporean judge (d. 2009)
* January 22 – Bruno Kreisky, Chancellor of Austria (d. 1990)
* January 25 – Kurt Maetzig, German director (d. 2012)
* January 26 – Polykarp Kusch, German-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1993)
* January 28 – Johan van Hulst, Dutch politician, academic, author and Yad Vashem recipient (d. 2018)
* January 29 – Peter von Siemens, German industrialist (d. 1986)
* January 30
** Roy Eldridge, American jazz musician (d. 1989)
** Hugh Marlowe, American film, television, stage and radio actor (d. 1982)
* January 31
** Eddie Byrne, Irish actor (d. 1981)
** Baba Vanga, blind Bulgarian mystic, clairvoyant and herbalist (d. 1996)
February
* February 5
Events Pre-1600
* 62 – Earthquake in Pompeii, Italy.
* 1576 – Henry of Navarre abjures Catholicism at Tours and rejoins the Protestant forces in the French Wars of Religion.
* 1597 – A group of early Japanese Christians ar ...
– Jussi Björling, Swedish tenor (d. 1960)
* February 6 – Ronald Reagan, 40th President of the United States and actor (d. 2004)
* February 8 – Elizabeth Bishop, American poet (d. 1979)
* February 10 – Victor Guillermo Ramos Rangel, Venezuelan classical musician (d. 1986)
* February 12
** Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh (Carroll Daly), 5th President of Ireland (d. 1978)
** Stephen H. Sholes, American recording executive (d. 1968)
* February 13 – Jean Muir (actress), Jean Muir, American actress (d. 1996)
* February 14 – Willem Johan Kolff, Dutch inventor (d. 2009)
* February 17
Events Pre-1600
* 1370 – Northern Crusades: Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Teutonic Knights meet in the Battle of Rudau.
* 1411 – Following the successful campaigns during the Ottoman Interregnum, Musa Çelebi, one of the sons of ...
– Oskar Seidlin, Silesian-born Jewish-American literary scholar (d. 1984)
* February 19
** Bill Bowerman, American track athlete, co-founder of Nike, Inc. (d. 1999)
** Merle Oberon, British actress (d. 1979)
* February 24 – Eduardo Vañó Pastor, Spanish cartoonist (d. 1993)
* February 27 – Fanny Edelman, Argentine politician (d. 2011)
* February 28 – Otakar Vávra, Czech director (d. 2011)
March
* March 1 – Mike Gilbert (rugby player), Mike Gilbert, New Zealand rugby union player (d. 2002)
* March 3 – Jean Harlow, American actress (d. 1937)
* March 5 – Wolfgang Larrazábal, 52nd President of Venezuela (d. 2003)
* March 6 – Nikolai Baibakov, Soviet statesman (d. 2008)
* March 8 – Alan Hovhaness, American composer (d. 2000)
* March 12 – Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, 49th President of Mexico (d. 1979)
* March 13 – L. Ron Hubbard, American author, founder of Scientology (d. 1986)
* March 16
** Pierre Harmel, 40th Prime Minister of Belgium (d. 2009)
** Josef Mengele, German Nazi war criminal (d. 1979)
* March 18 – Al Benton, American baseball player (d. 1968)
* March 20 – Alfonso García Robles, Mexican diplomat and politician, Nobel Peace Prize laureate (d. 1991)
* March 24
** Joseph Barbera, American cartoonist (d. 2006)
** Jane Drew, English architect (d. 1996)
** Ephraim Engleman, American rheumatologist (d. 2015)
* March 25
Events Pre-1600
* 421 – Italian city Venice is founded with the dedication of the first church, that of San Giacomo di Rialto on the islet of Rialto.
* 708 – Pope Constantine becomes the 88th pope. He would be the last pope to vi ...
– Jack Ruby, American mobster, killer of Lee Harvey Oswald (d. 1967)
* March 26
** Bernard Katz, German-born biophysicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2003)
** Tennessee Williams, American playwright (d. 1983)
* March 27 – Erich Heller, British philosopher (d. 1990)
* March 29 – Brigitte Horney, German-born actress (d. 1988)
* March 31
** Freddie Green, American jazz musician (d. 1987)
** Elisabeth Grümmer, German soprano (d. 1986)
April
* April 3
** Stanisława Walasiewicz, Polish-born athlete (d. 1980)
** Sir Michael Woodruff, British/Australian surgeon (d. 2001)
* April 4 – Narciso J. Alegre, Filipino civil liberties advocate (d. 1980)
* April 5 – Hédi Amara Nouira, Tunisian politician, 11th Prime Minister of Tunisia (d. 1993)
* April 6 – Feodor Lynen, German biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1979)
* April 8
Events Pre-1600
* 217 – Roman emperor Caracalla is assassinated and is succeeded by his Praetorian Guard prefect, Marcus Opellius Macrinus.
* 876 – The Battle of Dayr al-'Aqul saves Baghdad from the Saffarids.
*1139 – Ro ...
** Melvin Calvin, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1997)
** Emil Cioran, Romanian philosopher and essayist (d. 1995)
** Ichirō Fujiyama, Japanese composer, singer (d. 1993)
* April 10 – Maurice Schumann, French politician (d. 1998)
* April 13
Events Pre-1600
*1111 – Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor.
* 1204 – Constantinople falls to the Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade, temporarily ending the Byzantine Empire.
1601–1900
*1612 – In one of the epic samurai ...
– Donald Leslie, American creator of the Leslie speaker (d. 2004)
* April 15 – Muhammad Metwalli al-Sha'rawi, Egyptian jurist (d. 1998)
* April 18 – Maurice Goldhaber, Austrian-American physicist (d. 2011)
* April 23
** Józef Cyrankiewicz, Polish communist politician, 2-time Prime Minister of Poland (d. 1989)
** Ronald Neame, British film cinematographer, producer, screenwriter and director (d. 2010)
* April 26 – Paul Verner, German politician (d. 1986)
* April 27
Events Pre-1600
* 247 – Philip the Arab marks the millennium of Rome with a celebration of the ''ludi saeculares''.
* 395 – Emperor Arcadius marries Aelia Eudoxia, daughter of the Frankish general Flavius Bauto. She becomes one of ...
– Antonio Sastre, Argentine footballer (d. 1987)
* April 28
** Lee Falk, American writer, theater director and producer (d. 1999)
** Luigi Ferrando (cyclist), Luigi Ferrando, Italian bicycle racing, racing cyclist (d. 2003)
May
* May 5 – Andor Lilienthal, Hungarian chess Grandmaster (d. 2010)
* May 6 – Frank Nelson (actor), Frank Nelson, American actor (d. 1986)
* May 7 – Ishirō Honda, Japanese film director (d. 1993)
* May 8
Events Pre-1600
* 453 BC – Spring and Autumn period: The house of Zhao defeats the house of Zhi, ending the Battle of Jinyang, a military conflict between the elite families of the State of Jin.
* 413 – Emperor Honorius signs a ...
– Robert Johnson, American guitarist, singer (d. 1938)
* May 10
Events Pre-1600
* 28 BC – A sunspot is observed by Han dynasty astronomers during the reign of Emperor Cheng of Han, one of the earliest dated sunspot observations in China.
*1291 – Scottish nobles recognize the authority of Edw ...
– Bel Kaufman, German-born American author (d. 2014)
* May 11 – Phil Silvers, American actor, comedian (d. 1985)
* May 12 – Dorothy Rungeling, Canadian aviator (d. 2018)
* May 15 – Max Frisch, Swiss playwright and novelist (d. 1991)
* May 16 – Tunku Puan Besar Kurshiah, Malayan queen (d. 1999)
* May 17
** Lisa Fonssagrives, Swedish model (d. 1992)
** André Jaunet, French-born flutist (d. 1988)
** Maureen O'Sullivan, Irish actress (d. 1998)
* May 18 – Big Joe Turner, African-American singer (d. 1985)
* May 20 – Gardner Fox, American writer (d. 1986)
* May 22 – Anatol Rapoport, Russian-born American mathematical psychologist (d. 2007)
* May 24
Events Pre-1600
* 919 – The nobles of Franconia and Saxony elect Henry the Fowler at the Imperial Diet in Fritzlar as king of the East Frankish Kingdom.
* 1218 – The Fifth Crusade leaves Acre for Egypt.
* 1276 – Magnus La ...
– Carleen Hutchins, American violin maker (d. 2009)
* May 25 – Eric P. Newman, American numismatist (d. 2017)
* May 27
** Hubert Humphrey, American politician, List of Vice Presidents of the United States, 38th Vice President of the United States (d. 1978)
** Teddy Kollek, Austrian-born Israeli politician, mayor of Jerusalem (d. 2007)
** Vincent Price, American actor (d. 1993)
* May 31 – Maurice Allais, French economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2010)
June
* June 3 – Ellen Corby, American actress (d. 1999)
* June 4 – Milovan Đilas, Yugoslavian Marxist (d. 1995)
* June 5 – Neel E. Kearby, American fighter ace (d. 1944)
* June 9 – Hawley Pratt, American film director, animator and illustrator (d. 1999)
* June 13
** Luis Walter Alvarez, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1988)
** Prince Aly Khan, Indian-born Pakistani imam of Ismaili Shi'a Islam (d. 1960)
* June 15 – Wilbert Awdry, English children's writer (d. 1997)
* June 16 – Paulo Gracindo, Brazilian actor (d. 1995)
* June 19 – Dudley Senanayake, 2nd Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (d. 1973)
* June 20 – Paul Pietsch, German racer, magazine magnate (d. 2012)
* June 21
Events Pre-1600
* 533 – A Byzantine expeditionary fleet under Belisarius sails from Constantinople to attack the Vandals in Africa, via Greece and Sicily (approximate date).
* 1307 – Külüg Khan is enthroned as Khagan of the Mo ...
** Irving Fein, American television, film producer (d. 2012)
** Wonderful Smith, African-American comedian (d. 2008)
* June 22
** Marie Braun, Dutch swimmer (d. 1982)
** Princess Cecilie of Greece and Denmark, wife of Georg Donatus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Hesse, Hereditary Grand Duke Georg Donatus of Hesse and sister of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh (d. 1937)
** Michel Dens, French baritone singer (d. 2000)
** Vernon Kirby, South African tennis player (d. 1994)
** Kenneth Mather, Sir Kenneth Mather, British geneticist and botanist (d. 1990)
* June 23
Events Pre-1600
* 229 – Sun Quan proclaims himself emperor of Eastern Wu.
* 1266 – War of Saint Sabas: In the Battle of Trapani, the Venetians defeat a larger Genoese fleet, capturing all its ships.
* 1280 – The Spanish Re ...
** Nikolai Dmitriyevich Kuznetsov, Russian aeronautical engineer (d. 1995)
** Horace Law, Admiral Sir Horace Rochfort Law, British naval officer and Commander-in-Chief, Naval Home Command (Royal Navy), Commander-in-Chief, Naval Home Command (March 1970 – May 1972) (d. 2005)
** David Ogilvy (businessman), David Ogilvy, British advertising executive (d. 1999)
** Hannah Weinstein, American journalist, publicist and left-wing political activist who became a television producer in Britain (d. 1984)
* June 24
** Juan Manuel Fangio, Argentine race car driver (d. 1995)
** Norman Lessing, American television screenwriter, producer, playwright, chess master and chess writer (d. 2001)
** Ernesto Sabato, Argentine writer (d. 2011)
** Portia White, Canadian opera singer (d. 1968)
* June 25
** Reed Hadley, American actor (d. 1974)
** William Howard Stein, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1980)
* June 26
** Toyo Shibata, Japanese poet (d. 2013)
** Babe Didrikson Zaharias, American athlete, golfer (d. 1956)
* June 27
** Ben Alexander (actor), Ben Alexander, American actor (d. 1969)
** Marion M. Magruder, American officer (d. 1997)
* June 28
Events Pre-1600
* 1098 – Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul at the battle of Antioch.
* 1360 – Muhammed VI becomes the tenth Nasrid king of Granada after killing his brother-in-law Ismail II.
* 1461 – ...
** Donald Douglas (surgeon), Sir Donald Macleod Douglas, Scottish surgeon (d. 1993)
** Thalia Mara, American ballet dancer, educator and author (d. 2003)
** David Wanklyn, Lieutenant Commander Malcolm David Wanklyn, British naval officer (MIA 1942)
* June 29
** Bernard Herrmann, American composer (d. 1975)
** Lucien Lauk, French racing cyclist (d. 2001)
** Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld, German-born Prince Consort of the Netherlands (1948–1980) (d. 2004)
* June 30
** Czesław Miłosz, Polish-born writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2004)
** Nagarjun, Indian poet (d. 1998)
July
* July 1
Events Pre-1600
* 69 – Tiberius Julius Alexander orders his Roman legions in Alexandria to swear allegiance to Vespasian as Emperor.
* 552 – Battle of Taginae: Byzantine forces under Narses defeat the Ostrogoths in Italy, and the ...
** Guy Raymond, American actor (d. 1997)
** Sergey Sokolov (commander), Sergei Sokolov, Marshal of the Soviet Union (d. 2012)
* July 2
** Fred Beaver, Muscogee Creek-Seminole painter and muralist (d. 1980)
** Diego Fabbri, Italian playwright (d. 1980)
** Dorothy M. Horstmann, American epidemiologist, virologist and pediatrician (d. 2001)
** Reg Parnell, British racing driver and manager (d. 1964)
* July 3
** Herbert E. Grier, American electrical engineer (d. 1999)
** Joe Hardstaff Jr, English cricketer (d. 1990)
* July 4
** Mitch Miller, American singer, television personality (d. 2010)
** Elizabeth Peratrovich, American civil rights activist (d. 1958)
** Frederick Seitz, American scientist (d. 2008)
* July 5
** Costantino Nivola, Italian sculptor (d. 1988)
** Giorgio Borġ Olivier, 7th Prime Minister of Malta (d. 1980)
** Georges Pompidou, President of France (d. 1974)
* July 6
** LaVerne Andrews, American singer (d. 1967)
** Annibale Frossi, Italian football player, manager (d. 1999)
** June Gale, American actress (d. 1996)
* July 7
** Hubert de Bèsche, Swedish fencer (d. 1997)
** Gretchen Franklin, English actress, dancer (d. 2005)
** Shunpei Hashioka, Japanese-Chinese boxer (d. 1978)
** Gian Carlo Menotti, Italian-born American composer (d. 2007)
** Joan Perry, American film actress, model and singer (d. 1996)
* July 8
** John Ball (novelist), John Dudley Ball Jr., American novelist (d. 1988)
** Vicente Gómez (composer), Vincente Gomez, Spanish guitarist and composer (d. 2001)
** Fred Kohler Jr., American actor (d. 1993)
* July 9
** Aleksandrs Laime, Latvian-born explorer (d. 1994)
** Mervyn Peake, British writer, illustrator (d. 1968)
** Svetislav Valjarević, Serbian Yugoslav international football player (d. 1996)
** John Archibald Wheeler, American physicist (d. 2008)
* July 10 – Amalia Solórzano, First Lady of Mexico (d. 2008)
* July 11
** Hyacinth Gabriel Connon, American-Filipino De La Salle Brothers, Lasallian Brother, president of De La Salle University in Manila (1950–1959 and 1966–1978) (d. 1978)
** Olive Cotton, Australian photographer (d. 2003)
* July 14 – William Norris (CEO), William Norris, American business executive (d. 2006)
* July 15
** Max Seela, German lieutenant colonel in the Waffen-SS (d. 1999)
** Hans von Luck, German Nazi Wehrmacht officer (d. 1997)
** Paul Zoll, American cardiologist (d. 1999)
* July 16
** Ginger Rogers, American actress, dancer (d. 1995)
** Gabriele Wülker, German social scientist, civil servant (d. 2001)
* July 17 – Yang Jiang, Chinese playwright, author and translator (d. 2016)
* July 18
** Hume Cronyn, Canadian actor (d. 2003)
** Arch MacDonald, American broadcast journalist, television pioneer (d. 1985)
* July 19 – Ben Eastman, American middle-distance runner (d. 2002)
* July 21 – Marshall McLuhan, Canadian author (d. 1980)
* July 22 – José María Lemus, 33rd President of El Salvador (d. 1993)
* July 26 – Jerry Burke, American musician (d. 1965)
* July 28 – Ann Doran, American actress (d. 2000)
* July 29 – Ján Cikker, Slovak composer (d. 1989)
* July 31 – George Liberace, American musician (d. 1983)
August
* August 2 – Rusty Wescoatt, American actor (d. 1987)
* August 3 – Manuel Esperón, Mexican musician, composer (d. 2011)
* August 5 – Robert Taylor (American actor), Robert Taylor, American actor (d. 1969)
* August 6
** Lucille Ball, American actress, television producer and co-owner of Desilu Productions (d. 1989)
** Norman Gordon, South African cricketer (d. 2014)
** Constance Fecher Heaven, British romance writer (d. 1995)
* August 7 – Nicholas Ray, American director (d. 1979)
* August 8 – Rosetta LeNoire, American actress (d. 2002)
* August 9 – William Alfred Fowler, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1995)
* August 10
** Leonidas Andrianopoulos, Greek footballer (d. 2011)
** A. N. Sherwin-White, English historian (d. 1993)
* August 11
** William H. Avery (politician), William H. Avery, American politician (d. 2009)
** Thanom Kittikachorn, 10th Prime Minister of Thailand (d. 2004)
* August 12 – Cantinflas, Mexican actor (d. 1993)
* August 13 – Roy Pinney, American herpetologist, photographer, war correspondent and writer (d. 2010)
* August 15 – Anthony Salerno, American gangster (d. 1992)
* August 17
** Mikhail Botvinnik, Russian chess player (d. 1995)
** Martin Sandberger, German military officer (d. 2010)
* August 18 – Amelia Boynton Robinson, African-American civil rights activist (d. 2015)
* August 23
** Betty Robinson, American Olympic athlete (d. 1999)
** Birger Ruud, Norwegian athlete (d. 1998)
* August 25 – Võ Nguyên Giáp, General of the Vietnam People's Army (d. 2013)
* August 29 – John Charnley, English orthopaedic surgeon, pioneer of hip replacement operation (d. 1982)
* August 31 – Ramón Vinay, Chilean operatic tenor (d. 1996)
September
* September 1 – Kōmei Abe, Japanese composer (d. 2006)
* September 2 – Romare Bearden, American artist (d. 1988)
* September 6 – Harry Danning, American baseball player (d. 2004)
* September 7 – Todor Zhivkov, 36th Prime Minister of Bulgaria (d. 1998)
* September 8 – Byron Morrow, American actor (d. 2006)
* September 9
** Paul Goodman, American author (d. 1972)
** John Gorton, Sir John Gorton, 19th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 2002)
* September 10
** Nelly Omar, Argentine actress and singer (d. 2013)
** Renée Simonot, French actress (d. 2021)
* September 13 – Bill Monroe, American musician (d. 1996)
* September 15 – Joseph Pevney, American director (d. 2008)
* September 19 – William Golding, English writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1993)
* September 24
** Konstantin Chernenko, General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (d. 1985)
** Ed Kretz, American motorcycle racer (d. 1996)
* September 25 – Eric Williams, 1st Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (d. 1981)
* September 27 – John Harvey (actor), John Harvey, American actor (d. 1982)
* September 29 – Charles Court, Australian politician (d. 2007)
* September 30
** Bernd von Brauchitsch, German air force officer (d. 1974)
** Ruth Gruber, American journalist and writer (d. 2016)
October
* October 3 – Edgar Sanabria, Venezuelan lawyer, diplomat and politician, Interim President of Venezuela (d. 1989)
* October 4 – Mary Two-Axe Earley, Canadian indigenous women's rights activist (d. 1996)
* October 5
**Pierre Dansereau, Canadian ecologist (d. 2011)
**Brian O'Nolan, Irish humorist (d. 1966)
* October 9 – Joe Rosenthal, American photographer (d. 2006)
* October 10 – Clare Hollingworth, English journalist (d. 2017)
* October 12 – Vijay Merchant, Indian cricketer (d. 1987)
* October 13
** Tadeusz Chyliński, Polish designer and constructor (d. 1978)
** Ashok Kumar, Indian actor (d. 2001)
* October 14 – Lê Đức Thọ, Vietnamese general and politician, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1990)
* October 15 – James H. Schmitz, German-born American science fiction writer (d. 1981)
* October 21
** Dick Harris (Australian rules footballer), Dick Harris, Australian rules footballer (d. 1993)
** William A. Mitchell, American food chemist, inventor (d. 2004)
* October 26
** Sid Gillman, American football coach (d. 2003)
** Mahalia Jackson, African-American Gospel music, gospel singer (d. 1972)
* October 27 – Leif Erickson (actor), Leif Erickson, American actor (d. 1986)
* October 30
** Ruth Hussey, American actress (d. 2005)
** Eileen Whelan, British cricketer (d. 2021)
November
* November 1
** Henri Troyat, French writer (d. 2007)
** Sidney Wood, American tennis player (d. 2009)
* November 2 – Odysseas Elytis, Greek writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1996)
* November 5 – Roy Rogers, American singer, actor (d. 1998)
* November 7
** Yolande Beekman, French-born World War II heroine (d. 1944)
** Ángeles Santos Torroella, Spanish painter (d. 2013)
* November 12
** Yehoshua Rabinovitz, Israeli politician (d. 1979)
** Chad Varah, British priest and humanitarian (d. 2007)
* November 13 – Buck O'Neil, American baseball player, manager (d. 2006)
* November 15 – Kay Walsh, British actress (d. 2005)
* November 24 – Erik Bergman, Finnish composer (d. 2006)
* November 25 – Roelof Frankot, Dutch painter (d. 1984)
* November 26 – Robert Marchand (cyclist), Robert Marchand, French cyclist (d. 2021)
* November 27
** David Merrick, American theater producer (d. 2000)
** Fe del Mundo, Filipino paediatrician (d. 2011)
* November 28 – Václav Renč, Czech poet, dramatist and translator (d. 1973)
* November 30 – Jorge Negrete, Mexican singer and actor (d. 1953)
December
* December 1 – Walter Alston, American baseball player, manager (d. 1984)
* December 3 – Nino Rota, Italian composer (d. 1979)
* December 5 – Władysław Szpilman, Polish pianist, memoirist (d. 2000)
* December 8 – Lee J. Cobb, American actor (d. 1976)
* December 9 – Broderick Crawford, American actor (d. 1986)
* December 10 – Chet Huntley, American television reporter (d. 1974)
* December 11
** Val Guest, British film director (d. 2006)
** Naguib Mahfouz, Egyptian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2006)
** Qian Xuesen, Chinese scientist (d. 2009)
* December 13
** Trygve Haavelmo, Norwegian economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1999)
** Kenneth Patchen, American poet and painter (d. 1972)
* December 14
** Jerzy Iwanow-Szajnowicz, Greek-Polish athlete, Resistance member (d. 1943)
** Spike Jones, American musician (d. 1965)
** Hans von Ohain, German physicist, designer of the first operational jet engine (d. 1998)
* December 15 – Stan Kenton, American jazz pianist, composer and arranger (d. 1979)
* December 17 – André Claveau, French singer, Eurovision Song Contest 1958 winner (d. 2003)
* December 18 – Jules Dassin, American director (d. 2008)
* December 20 – Hortense Calisher, American author (d. 2009)
* December 21 – Josh Gibson, African-American baseball player (d. 1947)
* December 23 – Niels Kaj Jerne, English-born immunologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1994)
* December 25 – Louise Bourgeois, French-born American artist (d. 2010)
* December 26
** Steve Kordek, American pinball innovator (d. 2012)
** Kikuko, Princess Takamatsu of Japan (d. 2004)
* December 27
** Abdul Halim (Indonesia), Abdul Halim, Indonesian politician, 4th Prime Minister of Indonesia (d. 1987)
** Anna Russell, British comedian and singer (d. 2006)
* December 28 – Sam Levenson, American humorist and author (d. 1980)
* December 29 – Klaus Fuchs, German theoretical physicist, spy (d. 1988)
Deaths
January
* January 1 – John I. Curtin, American general (b. 1837)
* January 3
Events Pre-1600
*AD 69, 69 – The Roman legions on the Rhine refuse to declare their allegiance to Galba, instead proclaiming their legate, Aulus Vitellius, as emperor.
* 250 – Emperor Decius orders everyone in the Roman Empire (ex ...
** 'Abd al-Ahad Khan, Emir of Bukhara (b. 1859)
** Alexandros Papadiamantis, Greek poet (b. 1851)
* January 4
** Stefano Bruzzi, Italian painter (b. 1835)
** Francesco Segna, Italian Roman Catholic cardinal (b. 1836)
* January 5
** Walter Beatty, Canadian political figure (b. 1836)
** Marcelina Darowska, Polish Roman Catholic nun, saint (b. 1827)
* January 6 – Sir John Aird, 1st Baronet, English civil engineer (b. 1833)
* January 8 – Pietro Gori, Italian lawyer, journalist and poet (b. 1865)
* January 12 – Georg Jellinek, Austrian legal philosopher (b. 1851)
* January 13 – Władysław Czachórski, Polish painter (b. 1850)
* January 15 – Carolina Coronado, Spanish poet (b. 1820)
* January 17 – Sir Francis Galton, British explorer, biologist (b. 1822)
* January 23 – Edmund Beswick, English rugby football player (b. 1858)
February
* February 1 – Charles Stillman Sperry, American admiral (b. 1847)
* February 2 – Archduke Johann Salvator of Austria (b. 1852)
* February 4 – Piet Cronjé, Boer general (b. 1836)
* February 8 – Joaquín Costa, Spanish politician, lawyer, economist and historian (b. 1846)
* February 10 – Gustavo Maria Bruni, Italian childhood Roman Catholic servant of God (b. 1903)
* February 14 – David Boyle (archaeologist), David Boyle, Canadian archaeologist (b. 1842)
* February 15
** Theodor Escherich, German-born Austrian pediatrician (b. 1857)
** Pavel Grigorievich Dukmasov, Russian general (b. 1838)
* February 16 – Alice Morse Earle, American historian (b. 1851)
* February 18 – Buttons Briggs, American baseball player (b. 1875)
* February 21 – Isidre Nonell, Spanish painter (b. 1873)
* February 23
** Richard Henry Beddome, British military officer, naturalist (b. 1830)
** Giuditta Vannini, Italian Roman Catholic religious professed, blessed (b. 1859)
* February 25 – Fritz von Uhde, German painter (b. 1848)
March
* March 1 – Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, Dutch chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852)
* March 6
** Mary Anne Barker, English author (b. 1831)
** Thierry, Count of Limburg Stirum, Belgian historian (b. 1827)
* March 11 – Théotime Blanchard, Canadian farmer, teacher, merchant and politician (b. 1844)
* March 18
** Richard Chaffey Baker, Richard Baker, Australian politician (b. 1842)
** Anna Brackett, American feminist, educator (b. 1836)
* March 21 – Shams-ul-haq Azeemabadi, Indian Islamic scholar (b. 1857)
* March 22 – William Collins (bishop), William Collins, British Anglican bishop (b. 1867)
* March 24
** Rodolphe-Madeleine Cleophas Dareste de La Chavanne, French jurist (b. 1824)
** Dragan Tsankov, Bulgarian politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Bulgaria (b. 1828)
* March 27 – Margarita Savitskaya, Russian actress (b. 1868)
* March 28 – Samuel Franklin Emmons, American geologist (b. 1841)
* March 30
** Pellegrino Artusi, Italian businessman (b. 1820)
** Ellen Swallow Richards, American chemist (b. 1842)
April
* April 5 – Charles Frederic Moberly Bell, British journalist and newspaper editor (b. 1847)
* April 9 – Manuel Aguirre de Tejada, Spanish politician and lawyer (b. 1827)
* April 10 – Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis, Lithuanian artist and composer (b. 1875)
* April 12 – James Mathers (missionary), James Mathers, Irish missionary (b. 1854)
* April 14
** Addie Joss, American baseball player, National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum, Major League Baseball Hall of Fame member (b. 1880)
** Denman Thompson, American actor, playwright (b. 1833)
* April 25 – Emilio Salgari, Italian writer (b. 1862)
* April 26 – Pedro Paterno, Filipino politician (b. 1857)
* April 29 – Georg, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe (b. 1846)
May
* May 6 – Robert Alden, American author (b. 1836)
* May 9 – Thomas Wentworth Higginson, American Unitarian minister and abolitionist (b. 1823)
* May 16 – Gheorghe Manu, 17th Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1833)
* May 18 – Gustav Mahler, Austrian composer (b. 1860)
* May 21 – Williamina Fleming, Scottish astronomer (b. 1857)
* May 23 – John Douglas (English architect), John Douglas, English architect (b. 1830)
* May 24
Events Pre-1600
* 919 – The nobles of Franconia and Saxony elect Henry the Fowler at the Imperial Diet in Fritzlar as king of the East Frankish Kingdom.
* 1218 – The Fifth Crusade leaves Acre for Egypt.
* 1276 – Magnus La ...
– Dezső Bánffy, 12th Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1843)
* May 25
** Vasily Klyuchevsky, Russian historian (b. 1841)
** William Ridley (bishop), William Ridley, British missionary (b. 1836)
* May 27 – Thursday October Christian II, Pitcairn Islands leader (b. 1820)
* May 29
** Benjamin Broomhall, British advocate (b. 1829)
** Daniel W. Burke, American soldier (b. 1841)
** Stephanus Jacobus du Toit, South African nationalist, theologian, journalist and politician (b. 1847)
** W. S. Gilbert, English dramatist (b. 1836)
* May 30
Events Pre-1600
* 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus and his Roman legions breach the Second Wall of Jerusalem. Jewish defenders retreat to the First Wall. The Romans build a circumvallation, cutting down all trees within fifteen kilometres ...
– Milton Bradley, American businessman and board game pioneer (b. 1836)
June
* June 1 – Claudio Brindis de Salas Garrido, Cuban violinist (b. 1852)
* June 2 – Axel Olof Freudenthal, Finnish philologist, politician (b. 1836)
* June 5 – Édouard Bague, French aviator (b. 1879)
* June 7
** William Gordon (bishop of Leeds), William Gordon, British Roman Catholic prelate (b. 1831)
** Maurice Rouvier, French statesman, Prime Minister of France (b. 1842)
* June 9 – Carrie Nation, American temperance activist (b. 1846)
* June 16 – Joshua H. Berkey, American publisher, minister and political activist (b. 1852)
* June 20 – Ghazaros Aghayan, Armenian writer, educator, folklorist, historian, linguist and public figure (b. 1840)
* June 23
Events Pre-1600
* 229 – Sun Quan proclaims himself emperor of Eastern Wu.
* 1266 – War of Saint Sabas: In the Battle of Trapani, the Venetians defeat a larger Genoese fleet, capturing all its ships.
* 1280 – The Spanish Re ...
– Cecrope Barilli, Italian painter (b. 1839)
* June 25 – Princess Maria Clotilde of Savoy (b. 1843)
* June 26 – Lucy Hughes Brown, American physician (b. 1863)
July
* July 2
** José Dias Correia de Carvalho, Portuguese Roman Catholic bishop (b. 1830)
** Mary M. Cohen, American social economist (b. 1854)
** Clement A. Evans, American Confederate general (b. 1833)
* July 5
** Maria Pia of Savoy, Queen consort of Portugal (b. 1847)
** George Johnstone Stoney, Irish physicist (b. 1826)
* July 6 – Princess Alexandra of Saxe-Altenburg (b. 1830)
* July 8 – Henry Perrine Baldwin, American businessman (b. 1842)
* July 11 – Laura Jacinta Rittenhouse, American temperance activist and juvenile literature author (b. 1841)
* July 14 – Ignaz von Peczely, Hungarian scientist, physician and homeopath (b. 1826)
* July 15
** Carlo Ademollo, Italian painter (b. 1824)
** Louisa Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire (b. 1832)
* July 16 – August Harambašić, Croatian writer (b. 1861)
* July 17 – Rufino José Cuervo, Colombian linguist, philologist and writer (b. 1844)
* July 19 – Manuel Iradier, Spanish explorer and Africanist (b. 1854)
* July 20 – Caleb Cook Baldwin, American Presbyterian missionary (b. 1820)
* July 25
** Edmund Bogdanowicz, Polish poet, writer and journalist (b. 1857)
** Carmen Salles y Barangueras, Spanish Roman Catholic religious professed and saint (b. 1848)
* July 26 – José Alves de Cerqueira César, Brazilian politician (b. 1835)
August
* August 1
** Edwin Austin Abbey, American painter (b. 1852)
** Konrad Duden, German philologist (b. 1829)
* August 6 – Florentino Ameghino, Argentine naturalist, paleontologist, anthropologist and zoologist (b. 1853)
* August 7
** Elizabeth Akers Allen, American poet and journalist (b. 1832)
** José Rafael Balmaceda, Chilean politician, diplomat (b. 1850)
* August 11
** Isabela de Rosis, Italian Roman Catholic religious sister, servant of God and Venerable (b. 1842)
** Albert Ladenburg, German chemist (b. 1842)
* August 12 – Jules Brunet, French military leader (b. 1838)
* August 14 – Henry Rathbone, Union Army officer and diplomat (b. 1837)
* August 15 – William R. Badger, American pioneer aviator (b. 1886)
* August 16 – Patrick Francis Moran, Australian cardinal, Catholic Bishops and Archbishops of Sydney, Archbishop of Sydney (b. 1830)
* August 17 – Petro Nini Luarasi, Albanian activist (b. 1854)
* August 29 – Mahbub Ali Khan of Hyderabad (b. 1886)
* August 31 – Benjamin Grierson, American Civil War general (b. 1826)
September
* September 4 – John Francon Williams, Welsh-born journalist, writer, geographer, historian, cartographer and inventor (b. 1854)
* September 7 – Friedrich Breitfuss, Russian philatelist (b. 1851)
* September 12 – William Alexander (bishop), William Alexander, Irish Anglican bishop, Primate of All Ireland (b. 1824)
* September 15 – Joel Benton, American writer, poet and lecturer (b. 1832)
* September 16 – Edward Whymper, British explorer, mountaineer (b. 1840)
* September 18 – Pyotr Stolypin, 3rd Prime Minister of Russia (assassinated) (b. 1862)
* September 20 – Sir Robert Hart, 1st Baronet, British diplomat (b. 1835)
* September 23 – John Arthur Barry, British-born Australian journalist, author (b. 1850)
* September 25 – Emma Helen Blair, American journalist, editor (b. 1851)
* September 29 – Henry Northcote, 1st Baron Northcote, 3rd Governor-General of Australia (b. 1846)
* September 30 – Herbert Hope Risley, Sir Herbert Risley, British ethnographer and colonial administrator (b. 1851)
October
* October – Blanche Atkinson, British novelist (b. 1847)
* October 1 – Wilhelm Dilthey, German psychologist, sociologist and philosopher (b. 1833)
* October 2 – Winfield Scott Schley, American admiral (b. 1839)
* October 3 – Carolina Beatriz Ângelo, Portuguese physician (b. 1878)
* October 5 – William Astley, Australian writer (b. 1855)
* October 7
** John Hughlings Jackson, English neurologist (b. 1835)
** Elmer McCurdy, American outlaw (b. 1880)
* October 8 – Lee Batchelor, Australian politician (b. 1865)
* October 9
** Cornelius Newton Bliss, American merchant, politician and collector (b. 1833)
** Antonio Borrero, 10th President of Ecuador (b. 1827)
* October 11
** Dimitar Agura, Bulgarian historian (b. 1849)
** Henry Broadhurst, British trade unionist, politician (b. 1840)
** Elena Arellano Chamorro, Nicaraguan pioneer educator (b. 1836)
* October 13 – Miguel Malvar, Filipino general (b. 1865)
* October 14 – John Marshall Harlan, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (b. 1833)
* October 17 – José López Domínguez, Spanish military officer, politician and 24th Prime Minister of Spain (b. 1829)
* October 18 – Alfred Binet, French psychologist (b. 1857)
* October 19 – Eugene Burton Ely, American aviation pioneer (b. 1886)
* October 24 – Ida Lewis (lighthouse keeper), Ida Lewis, American lighthouse keeper (b. 1842)
* October 27 – Arthur Lloyd (missionary), Arthur Lloyd, British Anglican missionary (b. 1852)
* October 28 – Clement V. Rogers, Cherokee politician, father of Will Rogers (b. 1839)
* October 29 – Joseph Pulitzer, Hungarian-born newspaper publisher, journalist (b. 1847)"Joseph Pulitzer Dies Here," ''Charleston [S.C.] News & Courier'', October 30, 1911, p. 1
* October 30 – Elizabeth Herbert, Baroness Herbert of Lea, English Catholic writer, translator, philanthropist and social figure (b. 1822)
* October 31 – John Joseph Montgomery, American glider pioneer (b. 1858)
November
* November 2 – Kyrle Bellew, English actor (b. 1850)
* November 3 – George Chrystal, British mathematician (b. 1851)
* November 7
** Constantin Budisteanu, Romanian soldier, politician (b. 1838)
** Nathaniel Bull, Australian politician (b. 1842)
* November 8 – Oscar Bielaski, American baseball player (b. 1847)
* November 9 – Howard Pyle, American artist and fiction writer (b. 1853)
* November 10 – Christian Lundeberg, Swedish politician, 10th Prime Minister of Sweden (b. 1842)
* November 11 – Josef Roman Lorenz, Austrian naturalist (b. 1825)
* November 14 – Francis Buxton, British barrister and politician (b. 1847)
* November 19
** Billy Beaumont, English football player (b. 1883)
** Ramón Cáceres, 31st President of the Dominican Republic (b. 1866)
* November 20 – Sophia Frances Anne Caulfeild, British needlework artist (b. 1824)
* November 22
** William George Aston, British consular official (b. 1841)
** John Sanford Barnes, American businessman (b. 1836)
* November 23
** James George Bell, American businessman, settler (b. 1831)
** Bernard Tancred, South African cricketer (b. 1865)
* November 25 – Paul Lafargue, French Marxist theorist, activist (b. 1842)
* November 26
** Komura Jutarō, Japanese statesman (b. 1855)
** Nikola Hristić, Prime Minister of Serbia (b. 1818)
* November 28 – Preston Jacobus, American developer, businessman and politician (b. 1864)
* November 29 – Stanley Calvert Clarke, British army officer, courtier
December
* December 1 – Vassily Maximov, Russian painter (b. 1844)
* December 2
** George Davidson (geographer), George Davidson, English-born American geodesist, astronomer, geographer, surveyor and engineer (b. 1825)
** Eugène Alphonse Dyer, Canadian merchant, farmer and political figure (b. 1838)
* December 7 – Robert Maitland Brereton, English railway engineer (b. 1834)
* December 9 – Blessed Bernard Mary of Jesus, Italian Roman Catholic priest, blessed (b. 1831)
* December 10 – Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker, English botanist (b. 1817)
* December 11 – Thomas Ball (artist), Thomas Ball, American sculptor, musician (b. 1819)
* December 13 – Nikolay Beketov, Russian chemist (b. 1827)
* December 19 – John Bigelow, American lawyer, statesman (b. 1817)
* December 20 – Rose Eytinge, American actress (b. 1835)
* December 21
** Catharine H. T. Avery, American author and editor (b. 1844)
** Emilio Estrada Carmona, 18th President of Ecuador (b. 1855)
* December 22
** Mary Jane Coggeshall, American suffragist (b. 1836)
** Odilon Lannelongue, French surgeon (b. 1840)
* December 24 – Hyacinth (Jacek) Gulski, American Roman Catholic priest (b. 1847)
* December 25 – Arthur F. Griffith, American calculating prodigy (b. 1880)
Nobel Prizes
* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Wilhelm Wien * Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Marie Curie * Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Medicine – Allvar Gullstrand * Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Maurice Maeterlinck * Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – Tobias AsserReferences
Further reading
''New International year book: 1911'' comprehensive, global coverage online
''Britannica year-book, 1913'' (1913) covers 1911 and 1912, global coverage
* Gilbert, Martin. ''A History of the Twentieth Century: Volume 1 1900-1933'' (1997); global coverage of politics, diplomacy and warfare; pp 225–44. {{DEFAULTSORT:1911 1911,