The Capture of the Pirate Blackbeard 1718 by Jean Leon Gerome Ferris

Events

January – March

* January 7 – In India, Sufi rebel leader

Shah Inayat Shaheed Shah Inayatullah ( sd, شاه عنایت اللہ; 1655–1718), popularly known as Sufi Shah Inayat Shaheed, Shah Shaheed or Shah Inayat of Jhok, was a 17th-century revolutionary from Jhok, Sindh. He was executed on the order of Mughal Em ...

from

Sindh Sindh (; ; ur, , ; historically romanized as Sind) is one of the four provinces of Pakistan. Located in the southeastern region of the country, Sindh is the third-largest province of Pakistan by land area and the second-largest province ...

who had led attacks against the

Mughal Empire The Mughal Empire was an early-modern empire that controlled much of South Asia between the 16th and 19th centuries. Quote: "Although the first two Timurid emperors and many of their noblemen were recent migrants to the subcontinent, the d ...

, is beheaded days after being tricked into meeting with the Mughals to discuss peace. *

January 17 Events Pre-1600 *38 BC – Octavian divorces his wife Scribonia and marries Livia Drusilla, ending the fragile peace between the Second Triumvirate and Sextus Pompey. * 1362 – Saint Marcellus' flood kills at least 25,000 people on ...

– Jeremias III reclaims his role as the

Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople The ecumenical patriarch ( el, Οἰκουμενικός Πατριάρχης, translit=Oikoumenikós Patriárchēs) is the archbishop of Constantinople ( Istanbul), New Rome and '' primus inter pares'' (first among equals) among the heads of ...

, chief leader within the Eastern Orthodox Church, 16 days after the Metropolitan Cyril IV of Pruoza had engineered an election to become the Patriarch. * February 14 – The reign of Victor Amadeus over the principality of Anhalt-Bernburg (now within the state of

Saxony-Anhalt Saxony-Anhalt (german: Sachsen-Anhalt ; nds, Sassen-Anholt) is a state of Germany, bordering the states of Brandenburg, Saxony, Thuringia and Lower Saxony. It covers an area of and has a population of 2.18 million inhabitants, making it th ...

in northeastern Germany) ends after 61 years and 7 months. He had ascended the throne on September 22, 1656. He is succeeded by his son Karl Frederick. *

February 21 Events Pre-1600 *452 or 453 – Severianus, Bishop of Scythopolis, is martyred in Palestine. * 1245 – Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland, is granted resignation after confessing to torture and forgery. *1440 – The Pru ...

– Manuel II (Mpanzu a Nimi) becomes the new monarch of the Kingdom of Kongo (located in western Africa at present day

Angola , national_anthem = " Angola Avante"() , image_map = , map_caption = , capital = Luanda , religion = , religion_year = 2020 , religion_ref = , coordina ...

) when King Pedro IV (Nusamu a Mvemba) dies after a reign of 22 years. Manuel reigns until 1743. * March 12 – Anton Florian becomes the new

Prince of Liechtenstein The prince regnant of Liechtenstein (german: Fürst von und zu Liechtenstein) is the monarch and head of state of Liechtenstein.Principality of Liechtenstein Family - Die fürstliche Familie (in German) The Liechtenstein family, after which t ...

, succeeding Joseph Wenzel *

March 13 Events Pre-1600 *624 – The Battle of Badr, the first major battle between the Muslims and Quraysh. *1567 – The Battle of Oosterweel, traditionally regarded as the start of the Eighty Years' War. *1591 – At the Battle of Tond ...

–

Daniel Overbeek Daniel Overbeek or Overbeke (13 March 1695, Amsterdam - 29 July 1751, Colombo)Bernard BurkeOverbeekin ''A genealogical and heraldic history of the colonial gentry'', Harrison & Sons, London, 1895, p. 628 was the 26th Governor of Ceylon during the D ...

becomes the new Dutch Governor of Ceylon (now the nation of

Sri Lanka Sri Lanka (, ; si, ශ්‍රී ලංකා, Śrī Laṅkā, translit-std=ISO (); ta, இலங்கை, Ilaṅkai, translit-std=ISO ()), formerly known as Ceylon and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an ...

), arriving after a 10-month sea voyage from the Netherlands. *

March 18 Events Pre-1600 * 37 – Roman Senate annuls Tiberius' will and proclaims Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ''(aka Caligula = Little Boots)'' emperor.Tacitus, ''Annals'' V.10. * 1068 – An earthquake in the Levant and the Ara ...

– Edward Wortley Montagu, the four-year-old son of the British Ambassador to Turkey, becomes the first British person to be inoculated with the smallpox vaccine, administered by Dr. Charles Maitland at the request of Edward's mother,

Lady Mary Wortley Montagu Lady Mary Wortley Montagu (née Pierrepont; 15 May 168921 August 1762) was an English aristocrat, writer, and poet. Born in 1689, Lady Mary spent her early life in England. In 1712, Lady Mary married Edward Wortley Montagu, who later served a ...

. *

March 20 Events Pre-1600 * 673 – Emperor Tenmu of Japan assumes the Chrysanthemum Throne at the Palace of Kiyomihara in Asuka. * 1206 – Michael IV Autoreianos is appointed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople. * 1600 – The Link ...

– The Privy Council of the United Kingdom, at the time the British Government prior to the creation of the officer of Prime Minister, is reorganized, with a reorganized Second Stanhope–Sunderland ministry. Secretary of State for the Northern Department

Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland, KG, PC (23 April 167519 April 1722), known as Lord Spencer from 1688 to 1702, was an English statesman and nobleman from the Spencer family. He served as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (1714–1717), Lord ...

succeeds James Stanhope as the new

First Lord of the Treasury The first lord of the Treasury is the head of the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury exercising the ancient office of Lord High Treasurer in the United Kingdom, and is by convention also the prime minister. This office is not equivalent to the ...

, and Stanhope takes Sunderland's job.

April – June

* April 4 – Great Britain, France and the Dutch Republic agree on the phasing out of the authority of the

House of Medici The House of Medici ( , ) was an Italian banking family and political dynasty that first began to gather prominence under Cosimo de' Medici, in the Republic of Florence during the first half of the 15th century. The family originated in the Mug ...

over the semi-independent Grand Duchy of Tuscany by declaring that Gian Gastone de' Medici will be the last of the Medici family to rule the Italian duchy and that Spain's House of Borbón will eventually control the Tuscan monarchy. Don Carlos of Spain, the two-year old son of King Philip V, is designated as the eventual heir, despite the objections of the 75-year old Grand Duke,

Cosimo III de' Medici Cosimo III de' Medici (14 August 1642 – 31 October 1723) was Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1670 until his death in 1723, the sixth and penultimate from the House of Medici. He reigned from 1670 to 1723, and was the elder son of Grand Duke Ferdinan ...

. *

May 1 Events Pre-1600 * 305 – Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman emperor. * 880 – The Nea Ekklesia is inaugurated in Constantinople, setting the model for all later cross-in-square Orthodox churches. *1169 – N ...

–

San Antonio ("Cradle of Freedom") , image_map = , mapsize = 220px , map_caption = Interactive map of San Antonio , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = United States , subdivision_type1= State , subdivision_name1 = Texas , subdivision_t ...

is founded by Father Antonio de San Buenaventura y Olivares with the construction of the initial

Mission San Antonio de Valero The Alamo is a historic Spanish missions in the Americas, Spanish mission and fortress compound founded in the 18th century by Roman Catholic missionaries in what is now San Antonio, Texas, United States. It was the site of the Battle of the Al ...

. *

May 7 Events Pre-1600 * 351 – The Jewish revolt against Constantius Gallus breaks out after his arrival at Antioch. * 558 – In Constantinople, the dome of the Hagia Sophia collapses, twenty years after its construction. Justinian I imm ...

– The settlement of

New Orleans New Orleans ( , ,New Orleans
Merriam-Webster. ; french: La Nouvelle-Orléans , es, Nuev ...

is founded in

New France New France (french: Nouvelle-France) was the area colonized by France in North America, beginning with the exploration of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence by Jacques Cartier in 1534 and ending with the cession of New France to Great Britain and Spa ...

. *

May 22 Events Pre-1600 * 192 – Dong Zhuo is assassinated by his adopted son Lü Bu. * 760 – Fourteenth recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. * 853 – A Byzantine fleet sacks and destroys undefended Damietta in Egypt. * 1 ...

– Sailing the ''

Queen Anne's Revenge ''Queen Anne's Revenge'' was an early-18th-century ship, most famously used as a flagship by Edward Teach, better known by his nickname Blackbeard. Although the date and place of the ship's construction are uncertain, it was originally believed ...

'' English

pirate Piracy is an act of robbery or criminal violence by ship or boat-borne attackers upon another ship or a coastal area, typically with the goal of stealing cargo and other valuable goods. Those who conduct acts of piracy are called pirates, v ...

Edward Teach ("

Blackbeard Edward Teach (alternatively spelled Edward Thatch, – 22 November 1718), better known as Blackbeard, was an English pirate who operated around the West Indies and the eastern coast of Britain's North American colonies. Little is known abou ...

") leads 400 sailors in four ships, and blockades the port of

Charleston, South Carolina Charleston is the largest city in the U.S. state of South Carolina, the county seat of Charleston County, and the principal city in the Charleston–North Charleston metropolitan area. The city lies just south of the geographical midpoint o ...

for an entire week, plundering all arriving ships. After their departure, ''Queen Anne's Revenge'' and ''Adventure'' are both lost at Beaufort Inlet,

North Carolina North Carolina () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States. The state is the 28th largest and 9th-most populous of the United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, Georgia and So ...

, a week later. Blackbeard allows

Stede Bonnet Stede Bonnet (1688 – 10 December 1718) was an early 18th-century English/Barbadian pirate, also known as the Gentleman Pirate for the reason that he was a moderately wealthy landowner before turning to a life of crime. Bonnet was born in ...

to command the ''Revenge'' (which is renamed the ''Royal James'') once again. Bonnet rescues 25 sailors abandoned by Blackbeard on a sandbar and continues his life of piracy. *

June 3 Events Pre-1600 * 350 – The Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, proclaims himself Roman emperor, entering Rome at the head of a group of gladiators. * 713 – The Byzantine emperor Philippicus is blinded, depos ...

– Pirates Edward Teach (better known as

) and

accidentally run aground in the ship ''

'' after sailing into

Topsail Inlet Topsail Island (, TOP-sill) is a 26-mile (41.8 km) long barrier island off the coast of North Carolina, roughly equidistant between the barrier islands of the Crystal Coast and the beaches of the Cape Fear region, lying south of Jacksonvil ...

in the British colony of

. Learning of the royal pardon available to all pirates who surrender before September 5, Teach negotiates a settlement with Colonial Governor Charles Eden for a pardon for himself, Bonnet and the rest of his crew in return for the Governor receiving some of the pirates' plunder. *

June 16 Events Pre-1600 * 363 – Emperor Julian marches back up the Tigris and burns his fleet of supply ships. During the withdrawal, Roman forces suffer several attacks from the Persians. * 632 – Yazdegerd III ascends the throne as king ...

– The Treaty of Baden is signed, ending the

Toggenburg War The Toggenburg War, also known as the Second War of Villmergen or the Swiss Civil War of 1712, was a Swiss civil war during the Old Swiss Confederacy from 12 April to 11 August 1712. The Catholic "inner cantons" and the Imperial Abbey of Saint ...

. *

June 19 Events Pre-1600 * 325 – The original Nicene Creed is adopted at the First Council of Nicaea. *1179 – The Battle of Kalvskinnet takes place outside Nidaros (now Trondheim), Norway. Earl Erling Skakke is killed, and the battle chan ...

- A 7.5 earthquake shakes

Tongwei County Tongwei County is located in the middle of Gansu province, the People's Republic of China, with east longitude between 104°57' and north latitude between 34°55' and 35°29'. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Dingxi. ...

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...

, killing 73,000 people.

July–September

July 21 Events Pre-1600 * 356 BC – The Temple of Artemis in Ephesus, one of the Seven Wonders of the World, is destroyed by arson. * 230 – Pope Pontian succeeds Urban I as the eighteenth pope. After being exiled to Sardinia, he became t ...

– The

Treaty of Passarowitz The Treaty of Passarowitz, or Treaty of Požarevac, was the peace treaty signed in Požarevac ( sr-cyr, Пожаревац, german: Passarowitz), a town that was in the Ottoman Empire but is now in Serbia, on 21 July 1718 between the Ottoman ...

, ending the Austro-Turkish War, is signed. *

July 25 Events Pre-1600 * 306 – Constantine I is proclaimed Roman emperor by his troops. * 315 – The Arch of Constantine is completed near the Colosseum in Rome to commemorate Constantine I's victory over Maxentius at the Milvian Bridge. ...

– At the behest of Tsar

Peter the Great Peter I ( – ), most commonly known as Peter the Great,) or Pyotr Alekséyevich ( rus, Пётр Алексе́евич, p=ˈpʲɵtr ɐlʲɪˈksʲejɪvʲɪtɕ, , group=pron was a Russian monarch who ruled the Tsardom of Russia from t ...

, the construction of the

Kadriorg Palace Kadriorg Palace ( et, Kadrioru loss, german: Schloss Katharinental) is an 18th-century Petrine Baroque palace in Kadriorg, Tallinn, the capital of Estonia. Both the Estonian and the German name for the palace means "Catherine's valley". It was ...

, dedicated to his wife

Catherine Katherine, also spelled Catherine, and other variations are feminine names. They are popular in Christian countries because of their derivation from the name of one of the first Christian saints, Catherine of Alexandria. In the early Christ ...

, began in

Tallinn Tallinn () is the most populous and capital city of Estonia. Situated on a bay in north Estonia, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland of the Baltic Sea, Tallinn has a population of 437,811 (as of 2022) and administratively lies in the Harju '' ...

. * August 11 – Battle of Cape Passaro: a Spanish fleet is defeated by the British

Royal Navy The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force. Although warships were used by English and Scottish kings from the early medieval period, the first major maritime engagements were fought in the Hundred Years' War against F ...

under Admiral George Byng, off

Capo Passero Capo Passero or Cape Passaro ( scn, Capu Pàssaru; Greek: ; Latin: Pachynus or Pachynum) is a celebrated promontory of Sicily, forming the extreme southeastern point of the whole island, and one of the three promontories which were supposed to ha ...

, Sicily, a prelude to the

War of the Quadruple Alliance The War of the Quadruple Alliance (1718–1720) was caused by Spanish attempts to recover territories in Italy ceded in the 1713 Peace of Utrecht. Largely focused on Sicily, it included minor engagements in North America and Northern Europe as we ...

. *

September 10 Events Pre-1600 * 506 – The bishops of Visigothic Gaul meet in the Council of Agde. *1419 – John the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy is assassinated by adherents of the Dauphin, the future Charles VII of France. * 1509 – An eart ...

– In France, Armande Félice de La Porte Mazarin and the Vicomtesse de Polignac, both mistresses of the Duc de Richelieu, fight a duel with pistols at the

Bois de Boulogne The Bois de Boulogne (, "Boulogne woodland") is a large public park located along the western edge of the 16th arrondissement of Paris, near the suburb of Boulogne-Billancourt and Neuilly-sur-Seine. The land was ceded to the city of Paris by t ...

near Paris. Lady Mazarin, who had initiated the duel, is wounded in the shoulder and both survive. Richelieu, though impressed by the willingness of the ladies to fight over his affections, comments ''Je ne sacrifierai pas un de mes cheveux, ni à l’une, ni à l’autre'' ("I will not sacrifice anything, not to one, nor to the other.") *

September 27 Events Pre-1600 *1066 – William the Conqueror and his army set sail from the mouth of the Somme river, beginning the Norman conquest of England. * 1331 – The Battle of Płowce is fought, between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teuton ...

– The

Battle of Cape Fear River The Battle of Cape Fear River, or the Battle of the Sandbars, was fought in September 1718 between a United Kingdom, British naval :wikt:expedition, expedition from the Province of South Carolina against the pirate ships of Stede Bonnet. British ...

begins as pirate

and his crew on the ''Royal James'' are confronted in

by Colonel

William Rhett Colonel William Rhett (4 September 1666 – 12 January 1723) was a British-born plantation owner in the Province of Carolina in the late 17th and early 18th centuries. He arrived in America in 1694, accompanied by his wife Sarah. Rhett quickly b ...

and the ships ''Henry'' and ''Sea Nymph''. *

September September is the ninth month of the year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars, the third of four months to have a length of 30 days, and the fourth of five months to have a length of fewer than 31 days. September in the Northern H ...

– In

Tibet Tibet (; ''Böd''; ) is a region in East Asia, covering much of the Tibetan Plateau and spanning about . It is the traditional homeland of the Tibetan people. Also resident on the plateau are some other ethnic groups such as Monpa, Taman ...

, forces of the Tibetan

Dzungar Khanate The Dzungar Khanate, also written as the Zunghar Khanate, was an Inner Asian khanate of Oirat Mongol origin. At its greatest extent, it covered an area from southern Siberia in the north to present-day Kyrgyzstan in the south, and from t ...

destroys an advancing expedition of the Chinese Imperial Army, under the command of General Erentei, in the

Battle of the Salween River The Battle of the Salween River () was fought in September 1718 close to the Nagqu (i.e., Salween River) in Tibet, between an expedition of the Qing dynasty to Lhasa and a Dzungar Khanate force that blocked its path. After Tsering Dhondup conque ...

October –December

October 3 Events Pre-1600 * 2457 BC – Gaecheonjeol, Hwanung (환웅) purportedly descended from heaven. South Korea's National Foundation Day. * 52 BC – Gallic Wars: Vercingetorix, leader of the Gauls, surrenders to the Romans under Juliu ...

–

and his crew are captured near the mouth of the

Cape Fear River The Cape Fear River is a long blackwater river in east central North Carolina. It flows into the Atlantic Ocean near Cape Fear, from which it takes its name. The river is formed at the confluence of the Haw River and the Deep River (North Carol ...

and taken to Charleston, South Carolina, where they are tried for piracy. All but four are found guilty and sentenced to death (with 22 hanged on November 8), but Bonnet escapes from prison on October 24. *

October 31 Events Pre-1600 * 475 – Romulus Augustulus is proclaimed Western Roman Emperor. * 683 – During the Siege of Mecca, the Kaaba catches fire and is burned down. * 802 – Empress Irene is deposed and banished to Lesbos. Co ...

– The Mughal Emperor of India,

Farrukhsiyar Farrukhsiyar or Farrukh Siyar () (20 August 16839 April 1719) was the tenth emperor of the Mughal Empire from 1713 to 1719. He rose to the throne after assassinating his uncle, Emperor Jahandar Shah. Reportedly a handsome man who was easily ...

, restores the titles and responsibilities of his chief adviser, Mir Jumla III, almost three years after dismissing him. *

November 11 Events Pre-1600 * 308 – At Carnuntum, Emperor ''emeritus'' Diocletian confers with Galerius, ''Augustus'' of the East, and Maximianus, the recently returned former ''Augustus'' of the West, in an attempt to end the civil wars of the ...

– Lightning strikes the powder magazine at the

Old Fortress, Corfu The Old Fortress of Corfu ( gr, Παλαιό Φρούριο, ) is a Venetian fortress in the city of Corfu. The fortress covers the promontory which initially contained the old town of Corfu that had emerged during Byzantine times. Before the ...

, causing an explosion that kills a large number of people on the island. *

November 18 Events Pre-1600 * 326 – The old St. Peter's Basilica is consecrated by Pope Sylvester I. * 401 – The Visigoths, led by king Alaric I, cross the Alps and invade northern Italy. * 1095 – The Council of Clermont begins: called ...

–

Voltaire François-Marie Arouet (; 21 November 169430 May 1778) was a French Enlightenment writer, historian, and philosopher. Known by his ''nom de plume'' M. de Voltaire (; also ; ), he was famous for his wit, and his criticism of Christianity—es ...

's first play, ''

Oedipus Oedipus (, ; grc-gre, Οἰδίπους "swollen foot") was a mythical Greek king of Thebes. A tragic hero in Greek mythology, Oedipus accidentally fulfilled a prophecy that he would end up killing his father and marrying his mother, thereby ...

'', premières at the

Comédie-Française The Comédie-Française () or Théâtre-Français () is one of the few state theatres in France. Founded in 1680, it is the oldest active theatre company in the world. Established as a French state-controlled entity in 1995, it is the only state ...

in Paris. This is his first use of the pseudonym. *

November 22 Events Pre-1600 * 498 – After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran Palace, while Laurentius is elected Pope in Santa Maria Maggiore. * 845 – The first duke of Brittany, Nominoe, defeats the Fra ...

– Citing violations of the amnesty agreement with Blackbeard,

Virginia Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States, between the Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains. The geography and climate of the Commonwealth ar ...

Governor

Alexander Spotswood Alexander Spotswood (12 December 1676 – 7 June 1740) was a British Army officer, explorer and lieutenant governor of Colonial Virginia; he is regarded as one of the most significant historical figures in British North American colonial h ...

sends a

contingent to North Carolina, where they battle Blackbeard and his crew in

Ocracoke Inlet Ocracoke Inlet ()
, from the North Carolina Collection's website at the

. Blackbeard is killed in action, after receiving five musketball wounds and twenty sword lacerations. *

December 5 Events Pre-1600 * 63 BC – Cicero gives the fourth and final of the Catiline Orations. * 633 – Fourth Council of Toledo opens, presided over by Isidore of Seville. * 1033 – The Jordan Rift Valley earthquake destroys multipl ...

– Following the death of Charles XII on

November 30 Events Pre-1600 * 978 – Franco-German war of 978–980: Holy Roman Emperor Otto II lifts the siege of Paris and withdraws. 1601–1900 *1707 – Queen Anne's War: The second Siege of Pensacola comes to end with the failure of the Br ...

, his sister

Ulrika Eleonora Ulrika Eleonora or Ulrica Eleanor (23 January 1688 – 24 November 1741), known as Ulrika Eleonora the Younger, was Queen of Sweden, reigning in her own right from 5 December 1718 until her abdication on 29 February 1720 in favour of her husband ...

proclaims herself Queen regnant of

Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ...

, as the news of her brother's death reaches Stockholm. *

December 10 Events Pre-1600 * 1317 – The "Nyköping Banquet": King Birger of Sweden treacherously seizes his two brothers Valdemar, Duke of Finland and Eric, Duke of Södermanland, who were subsequently starved to death in the dungeon of Nyköpi ...

– Stede Bonnet is hanged at Charleston, after being recaptured. *

December 17 Events Pre-1600 * 497 BC – The first Saturnalia festival was celebrated in ancient Rome. * 546 – Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoths under king Totila plunder the city, by bribing the Byzantine garrison. * 920 – Romanos I Lekap ...

– The

Holy Roman Empire The Holy Roman Empire was a political entity in Western, Central, and Southern Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars. From the accession of Otto I in 962 ...

Kingdom of Great Britain The Kingdom of Great Britain (officially Great Britain) was a Sovereign state, sovereign country in Western Europe from 1 May 1707 to the end of 31 December 1800. The state was created by the 1706 Treaty of Union and ratified by the Acts of ...

and

Dutch Republic The United Provinces of the Netherlands, also known as the (Seven) United Provinces, officially as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Dutch: ''Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden''), and commonly referred to in historiography ...

join the

Kingdom of France The Kingdom of France ( fro, Reaume de France; frm, Royaulme de France; french: link=yes, Royaume de France) is the historiographical name or umbrella term given to various political entities of France in the medieval and early modern period ...

in formally declaring war on Spain, launching the

Date unknown

* Islamization of Sudan: The Funj warrior aristocracy deposes the reigning ''Makk, mek'' and places one of their own ranks on the throne of Kingdom of Sennar, Sennar. * The white potato reaches New England from England. * Coffee is grown in Surinam (Dutch colony).Wild, Antony (2005). ''Coffee: A Dark History''. .

Births

Mariana Victoria de Borbón y Farnesio, Reina consorte de Portugal

* January 7 – Israel Putnam, American Revolutionary War general (d. 1790) * January 29 – Paul Rabaut, French Huguenot pastor (d. 1794) * February 17 – Matthew Tilghman, American delegate to the Continental Congress (d. 1790) * March 31 – Infanta Mariana Victoria of Spain, queen regent of Portugal (d. 1781) * April 4 – Benjamin Kennicott, English churchman and Hebrew scholar (d. 1783) * April 7 – Hugh Blair, Scottish preacher and man of letters (d. 1800) * April 20 – David Brainerd, American missionary (d. 1747) * April 24 – Nathaniel Hone the Elder, Nathaniel Hone, Irish-born painter (d. 1784) * April 26 – Esek Hopkins, American Revolutionary War admiral (d. 1802) * April 27 – Thomas Lewis (Virginia politician), Thomas Lewis, Irish-born Virginia settler (d. 1790) * May 16 – Maria Gaetana Agnesi, Italian mathematician (d. 1799) * May 17 – Robert Darcy, 4th Earl of Holderness, English diplomat and politician (d. 1778) * May 23 – William Hunter (anatomist), William Hunter, Scottish anatomist (d. 1783) * May 30 – Wills Hill, 1st Marquess of Downshire, English politician (d. 1793) * May 31 – Jacob Christian Schäffer, German inventor, botanist and professor (d. 1790) * June 5 – Thomas Chippendale, English furniture maker (d. 1779) * June 17 – George Howard (British Army officer), George Howard, British field marshal (d. 1796) * July 5 – Francis Seymour-Conway, 1st Marquess of Hertford, Viceroy of Ireland (d. 1794) * July 18 – Saverio Bettinelli, Italian writer (d. 1808) * July 31 – John Canton, English physicist (d. 1772) * August 11 – Frederick Haldimand, Swiss-born British colonial governor (d. 1791) * September 18 – Nikita Ivanovich Panin, Russian statesman (d. 1783) * October 19 – Victor-François, 2nd duc de Broglie, Marshal of France (d. 1804) * October 2 – Louisa Catharina Harkort, German ironmaster (d. 1795) * October 28 – Ignacije Szentmartony, Croatian Jesuit missionary and geographer (d. 1793) * November 3 – John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich, English statesman (d. 1792) * November 28 – Hedvig Charlotta Nordenflycht, Swedish writer (d. 1763) * ''date unknown'' ** István Hatvani, Hungarian mathematician (d. 1786) ** Salomée Halpir, Lithuanian oculist (year of death unknown)

Deaths

* January 6 ** Giovanni Vincenzo Gravina, Italian writer and jurist (b. 1664) ** Richard Hoare (banker), Richard Hoare, English goldsmith and banker (b. 1648) * January 7 – Empress Xiaohuizhang, Qing Dynasty empress and consort of the Shunzhi Emperor of China (b. 1641) *

– Benjamin Church (ranger), Captain Benjamin Church, Plymouth Colony settler and military officer (b. c. 1639) * February 1 – Charles Talbot, 1st Duke of Shrewsbury, English politician (b. 1660) * February 5 – Elizabeth Capell, Countess of Essex, British countess (b. 1636) * February 17 ** Charlotte Lee, Countess of Lichfield, illegitimate daughter of King Charles II of England (b. 1664) ** Prince George William of Great Britain, member of the British Royal Family (b. 1717) * February 18 – Pierre Antoine Motteux, French-born English dramatist (b. 1663) * March 9 – Marko Gerbec, Carniolan physician, scientist (b. 1658) *

– Friedrich Nicolaus Bruhns, German organist and composer (b. 1637) * April 3 – Jacques Ozanam, French mathematician (b. 1640) * April 18 – Michael Wening, German engraver (b. 1645) * April 21 – Philippe de La Hire, French mathematician and astronomer (b. 1640) * April 23 – Sir Edward Blackett, 2nd Baronet, English politician (b. 1649) Mary of Modena Pietersz

– Mary of Modena, queen of James II of England (b. 1658) * May 19 – Juan Andrés de Ustariz, Royal Governor of Cuba (b. 1656) * May 16 – Jonas Danilssønn Ramus, Norwegian priest and historian (b. 1649) * May 24 – Jeremiah Dummer (silversmith), Jeremiah Dummer, American silversmith (b. 1643) * May 30 ** Arnold Joost van Keppel, 1st Earl of Albemarle, Dutch favorite of William III of England (b. 1670) ** Bernard Nieuwentyt, Dutch mathematician and philosopher (b. 1654) * June 9 – Jonathan Corwin, American judge of the Salem witch trials (b. 1640) * June 13 – Louis, Count of Armagnac, French noble (b. 1641) * June 17 ** Margherita Maria Farnese, Italian noblewoman (b. 1664) ** James Tyrrell (writer), James Tyrrell, English barrister and writer (b. 1642) *

– Shabbethai Bass, Polish Rabbi, author of Siftei Chachamim and founder of Jewish bibliography (b. 1641) * July 28 – Étienne Baluze, French scholar (b. 1630) * July 30 – William Penn, American settler, founder of Pennsylvania (b. 1644) * August 2 – Al-Mahdi Muhammad, Yemeni imam (b. 1637) * August 4 – René Lepage de Sainte-Claire, lord-founder of Rimouski in eastern Quebec, Canada (b. 1656) * September 11 – Domenico Martinelli, Italian architect (b. 1650) * September 12 – Louise de Maisonblanche, illegitimate daughter of Louis XIV of France (b. 1676) * September 20 – George St Lo, Royal Navy officer and administrator (b. 1655) * October 9 – Richard Cumberland (philosopher), Richard Cumberland, English philosopher (b. 1631) * October 19 – Alphonse Henri, Count of Harcourt, French noble (b. 1648) * November 3 – Karl, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (b. 1652) *

, English pirate (b. 1680) ** Durgadas Rathore, Indian ruler (b. 1638) Karl XII 1706

* c. December – Black Caesar (pirate), Black Caesar, African pirate (hanged) * December 6 – Nicholas Rowe (writer), Nicholas Rowe, English poet and dramatist (b. 1674) * December 9 – Vincenzo Coronelli, Italian cartographer and encyclopedist (b. 1650) * December 11 (November 30 Old Style) – King Charles XII of Sweden (b. 1682) *

–

, Barbadian "gentleman pirate" (b. 1688) * December 28 – Jan Brokoff, German sculptor (b. 1652) * ''date unknown'' – Marie Grubbe, Danish countess (b. 1643)

References

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