Events
For dates within Great Britain and the British Empire
The British Empire was composed of the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. It began with the overseas possessions and trading posts e ...
, as well as in the Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War ...
, the "old style" Julian calendar
The Julian calendar, proposed by Roman consul Julius Caesar in 46 BC, was a reform of the Roman calendar. It took effect on , by edict. It was designed with the aid of Greek mathematicians and astronomers such as Sosigenes of Alexandri ...
was used in 1715, and can be converted to the "new style" Gregorian calendar
The Gregorian calendar is the calendar used in most parts of the world. It was introduced in October 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII as a modification of, and replacement for, the Julian calendar. The principal change was to space leap years d ...
(adopted in the British Empire in 1752 and in Russia in 1923) by adding 11 days.
January–March
* January 13 – A fire in London, described by some as the worst since the Great Fire of London (1666) almost 50 years earlier, starts on Thames Street when fireworks prematurely explode "in the house of Mr. Walker, an oil man"; more than 100 houses are consumed in the blaze, which continues over to Tower Street Tower Street is the name of:
* Great Tower Street, originally named "Tower Street", in the City of London
* Tower Street, Covent Garden, in London
* Tower Street (York), in England
See also
* Tower Street Adult Correctional Centre
__NOTOC__
To ...
before it is controlled.
* January 22 – Voting begins for the British House of Commons and continues for the next 46 days in different constituencies on different days.
* February 11 – Tuscarora War: The Tuscarora and their allies sign a peace treaty with the Province of North Carolina, and agree to move to a reservation near Lake Mattamuskeet, effectively ending the Tuscarora War. Large numbers of Tuscarora subsequently move to New York.
* March 9
Events Pre-1600
*141 BC – Liu Che, posthumously known as Emperor Wu of Han, assumes the throne over the Han dynasty of China.
*1009 – First known mention of Lithuania, in the annals of the monastery of Quedlinburg.
*1226 &ndas ...
– Voting for the British House of Commons concludes, with the liberal Whig Party winning 341 of the 558 seats, and reducing the conservative Tory Party share to 217 seats. Spencer Compton Spencer Compton may refer to:
*Spencer Compton, 2nd Earl of Northampton (1601–1643), British politician
*Spencer Compton, 1st Earl of Wilmington (1673–1743), British statesman and Prime Minister
* Spencer Compton, 8th Earl of Northampton (1738� ...
, the Earl of Wilmington, becomes the Speaker of the House of Commons.
* March 14 – James Stuart, the "Old Pretender" attempting to restore the House of Stuart to control of Great Britain as King James III of England and James VIII of Scotland, meets with Pope Clement XI for the assistance of the Roman Catholic Church in the Jacobite rising
Jacobitism (; gd, Seumasachas, ; ga, Seacaibíteachas, ) was a political movement that supported the restoration of the senior line of the House of Stuart to the Monarchy of the United Kingdom, British throne. The name derives from the first name ...
.
* March 27 – Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke, flees from Great Britain to France. His part in secret negotiations with France, leading to the Treaty of Utrecht, has cast suspicion on him in the eyes of the Whig government of Britain. He becomes secretary of state to the Pretender, James Edward Stuart
James Francis Edward Stuart (10 June 16881 January 1766), nicknamed the Old Pretender by Whigs, was the son of King James II and VII of England, Scotland and Ireland, and his second wife, Mary of Modena. He was Prince of Wales from ...
.
April–June
* April 1
Events Pre-1600
* 33 – According to one historian's account, Jesus Christ's Last Supper is held.
* 527 – Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne.
*1081 – Alexios I Ko ...
– The Battle of Gurdas Nangal begins during the Mughal-Sikh Wars in India
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area, the List of countries and dependencies by population, second-most populous ...
, as the Mughal Army begins an eight-month siege of a fortress near Gurdaspur (in what is now the Punjab state), where Sikh General Banda Singh Bahadur and 1,250 of his men have fled. The siege ends on December 7 when the 750 survivors, including Banda Singh, are captured. By June 1716, most of the Sikh prisoners have been tortured, killed and executed, with Banda Singh dying on June 9.
* April 15 – In the British colonial Province of South Carolina, the Yamasee Confederation launches an attack on English settlements in disputed territory on Good Friday, launching the two-year long Yamasee War. The day before, agents Thomas Nairne, William Bray and Samuel Warner had participated in peace negotiations with the Yamasee at Pocotaligo
Pocotaligo is an unincorporated community located in northeastern Jasper County, South Carolina, United States, close to the border of Beaufort County. The community takes its name from the Pocotaligo River, a small tidal creek that separates J ...
. Bray and Warner are killed that day, while Nairne is tortured to death and dies on April 17.
* April 24 – The Battle of Fehmarn takes place in the Baltic Sea
The Baltic Sea is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that is enclosed by Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Sweden and the North and Central European Plain.
The sea stretches from 53°N to 66°N latitude and from ...
as part of the Great Northern War
The Great Northern War (1700–1721) was a conflict in which a coalition led by the Tsardom of Russia successfully contested the supremacy of the Swedish Empire in Northern, Central and Eastern Europe. The initial leaders of the anti-Swe ...
. Ten warships of Denmark, under the command of Christian Gabel, overwhelm a force of Swedish Navy ships led by Carl Wachtmeister. By the time the battle ends the next day, five Swedish ships and 1,626 crewmen have been captured, and another 353 killed. The Danish navy suffers 65 deaths.
* May 3 – A total solar eclipse is seen across southern England, Sweden
Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic countries, Nordic c ...
and Finland (the last total eclipse visible in London for almost 900 years). English astronomer Edmond Halley (who is using the old style Julian calendar date of April 22) records the first observation noted of the phenomenon of " Baily's beads", in which higher elevations on the moon can be observed obscuring portions of the light moments before and after totality.
* May 28 – Rioting begins in England on the birthday of King George I as supporters of the Old Pretender, James of the House of Stuart, begin mass protesting against the rule of the House of Hanover, near London
London is the capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary dow ...
in the towns of Smithfield and Highgate, and the Cheapside
Cheapside is a street in the City of London, the historic and modern financial centre of London, which forms part of the A40 London to Fishguard road. It links St. Martin's Le Grand with Poultry. Near its eastern end at Bank junction, whe ...
financial district in London.
* June 9 – King Philip, ruler of the Kingdom of Castile
The Kingdom of Castile (; es, Reino de Castilla, la, Regnum Castellae) was a large and powerful state on the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle Ages. Its name comes from the host of castles constructed in the region. It began in the 9th ce ...
and the Kingdom of Aragon unifies the two governments into a single state, centralizing rule of a unified Kingdom of Spain
, image_flag = Bandera de España.svg
, image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg
, national_motto = '' Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond")
, national_anthem = (English: "Royal March")
, ...
.
* June 22 – Tsar Peter I of Russia witnesses the attempt of 45 Dutch and English ships to enter the small harbor at Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...
and decides that additional harbors are necessary for Russia to be able import Western goods.
* June 29
Events Pre-1600
* 226 – Cao Rui succeeds his father as emperor of the Kingdom of Wei.
*1149 – Raymond of Poitiers is defeated and killed at the Battle of Inab by Nur ad-Din Zangi.
*1194 – Sverre is crowned King of Norway, ...
– Britain's Treason Act 1714
The Treason Act 1714 (1 Geo.I Stat.2 c.33) was an Act of Parliament of the Parliament of Great Britain passed during the Jacobite Rising of 1715 (but backdated to 1714: see Acts of Parliament (Commencement) Act 1793 for the explanation). Its long t ...
takes effect, providing for forfeiture to the British Crown of property owned by any person convicted of treason in the Kingdom. The Act remains in effect until June 24, 1718.
July–September
* July 20 – Ottoman–Venetian War (1714–18): The fall of Nauplion, the capital of the Venetian "Kingdom of the Morea
The Kingdom of the Morea or Realm of the Morea ( it, Regno di Morea) was the official name the Republic of Venice gave to the Peloponnese peninsula in southern Greece (which was more widely known as the Morea until the 19th century) when it was ...
", seals the fate of the Peloponnese Peninsula, which is soon completely retaken by the Ottomans.
* July 24 – 1715 Treasure Fleet
The 1715 Treasure Fleet was actually a combination of two Spanish treasure fleets returning from the New World to Spain, the "Nueva España Fleet", under Capt.-General Don Juan Esteban de Ubilla, and the "Tierra Firme Fleet", under Don Antonio de ...
: A Spanish treasure fleet of 12 ships, under General Don Juan Ubilla, leaves Havana
Havana (; Spanish: ''La Habana'' ) is the capital and largest city of Cuba. The heart of the La Habana Province, Havana is the country's main port and commercial center. , Cuba
Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribb ...
for Spain. Seven days later, 11 of them sink in a storm off the coast of Florida
Florida is a state located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Florida is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Bahamas and Atlantic Ocean, and ...
(some centuries later, treasure salvage is found from these wrecks).
* August 31 – Old Dock, Liverpool
Liverpool is a City status in the United Kingdom, city and metropolitan borough in Merseyside, England. With a population of in 2019, it is the List of English districts by population, 10th largest English district by population and its E ...
, England, the world's first enclosed commercial wet dock ( Thomas Steers, engineer), opens.
* September 1 – King Louis XIV of France
, house = Bourbon
, father = Louis XIII
, mother = Anne of Austria
, birth_date =
, birth_place = Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France
, death_date =
, death_place = Palace of ...
dies after a reign of 72 years, leaving his throne to his 5 year old great-grandson Louis XV
Louis XV (15 February 1710 – 10 May 1774), known as Louis the Beloved (french: le Bien-Aimé), was King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death in 1774. He succeeded his great-grandfather Louis XIV at the age of five. Until he reache ...
. Philippe d'Orléans, the nephew of Louis XIV, serves as Regent
A regent (from Latin : ruling, governing) is a person appointed to govern a state '' pro tempore'' (Latin: 'for the time being') because the monarch is a minor, absent, incapacitated or unable to discharge the powers and duties of the monarchy ...
.
* September 6 – The first major Jacobite rising in Scotland against the rule of King George I of Great Britain
George I (George Louis; ; 28 May 1660 – 11 June 1727) was King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1 August 1714 and ruler of the Electorate of Hanover within the Holy Roman Empire from 23 January 1698 until his death in 1727. He was the fir ...
breaks out. The Earl of Mar raises the standard of James Edward Stuart
James Francis Edward Stuart (10 June 16881 January 1766), nicknamed the Old Pretender by Whigs, was the son of King James II and VII of England, Scotland and Ireland, and his second wife, Mary of Modena. He was Prince of Wales from ...
, and marches on Edinburgh
Edinburgh ( ; gd, Dùn Èideann ) is the capital city of Scotland and one of its 32 Council areas of Scotland, council areas. Historically part of the county of Midlothian (interchangeably Edinburghshire before 1921), it is located in Lothian ...
. James, the son of the deposed King James VII, arrives from France.
* September 14 – Less than two weeks after King Louis XIV's death, Daniel Voysin de la Noiraye, France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...
's Secretary of State for War since 1709, steps down at the request of the new regent, the Duke of Orleans.
October–December
* October 2
Events Pre-1600
* 829 – Theophilos succeeds his father Michael II as Byzantine Emperor.
* 939 – Battle of Andernach: Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor, crushes a rebellion against his rule, by a coalition of Eberhard of Franconia and ...
– During the rebellion in Great Britain by supporters of the Pretender to the Throne, James Stuart, the Jacobites raid the Scottish parish of Burntisland, capture an arsenal of weapons, and begin an occupation of the area on October 9 in the name of Stuart as King James VIII of Scotland.
* October 11 – William Aislabie resigns as the British East India Company
The East India Company (EIC) was an English, and later British, joint-stock company founded in 1600 and dissolved in 1874. It was formed to trade in the Indian Ocean region, initially with the East Indies (the Indian subcontinent and South ...
's administrator of Bombay
Mumbai (, ; also known as Bombay — List of renamed Indian cities and states#Maharashtra, the official name until 1995) is the capital city of the Indian States and union territories of India, state of Maharashtra and the ''de facto'' fin ...
and the company's territories and is replaced at year's end by Charles Boone.
* October 12 –
** William Mackintosh of Borlum, leader of the Jacobite rising
Jacobitism (; gd, Seumasachas, ; ga, Seacaibíteachas, ) was a political movement that supported the restoration of the senior line of the House of Stuart to the Monarchy of the United Kingdom, British throne. The name derives from the first name ...
against Great Britain, lands with 1,500 men in Scotland
Scotland (, ) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Covering the northern third of the island of Great Britain, mainland Scotland has a border with England to the southeast and is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean to ...
after crossing the Firth of Forth from France.
** Baron Onslow resigns as Great Britain's Chancellor of the Exchequer and is replaced by future Prime Minister Robert Walpole.
* October 28 – The Treaty of Greifswald is signed between Russia and the Electorate of Hanover, with George I of Great Britain and Hanover agreeing to Russia's annexation of Swedish Ingria and Estonia
Estonia, formally the Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, an ...
, and Hanover claiming the Bremen-Verden Swedish duchies of Bremen and Verden.
* November 13 – Jacobite rising
Jacobitism (; gd, Seumasachas, ; ga, Seacaibíteachas, ) was a political movement that supported the restoration of the senior line of the House of Stuart to the Monarchy of the United Kingdom, British throne. The name derives from the first name ...
in Scotland – Battle of Sheriffmuir: The forces of the Kingdom of Great Britain
The Kingdom of Great Britain (officially Great Britain) was a sovereign country in Western Europe from 1 May 1707 to the end of 31 December 1800. The state was created by the 1706 Treaty of Union and ratified by the Acts of Union 1707, wh ...
, led by John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll
Field Marshal John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll, 1st Duke of Greenwich, (10 October 1680 – 4 October 1743), styled Lord Lorne from 1680 to 1703, was a Scottish nobleman and senior commander in the British Army. He served on the contine ...
, halt the Jacobite advance, although the action is inconclusive.
* November 14 – Battle of Preston: Government forces defeat the Jacobite incursion, at the conclusion of a five-day siege and action.
* November 15
Events Pre-1600
* 655 – Battle of the Winwaed: Penda of Mercia is defeated by Oswiu of Northumbria.
*1315 – Growth of the Old Swiss Confederacy: The Schweizer Eidgenossenschaft ambushes the army of Leopold I in the Battle of Mor ...
– The Third Barrier Treaty is signed by Britain, the Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire was a political entity in Western, Central, and Southern Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars.
From the accession of Otto I in 962 unt ...
and the Dutch Republic
The United Provinces of the Netherlands, also known as the (Seven) United Provinces, officially as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands ( Dutch: ''Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden''), and commonly referred to in historiograph ...
.
* November 28 – The application of the Nueva Planta decrees, in Majorca and the other Balearic Islands (formerly under the Crown of Aragon
The Crown of Aragon ( , ) an, Corona d'Aragón ; ca, Corona d'Aragó, , , ; es, Corona de Aragón ; la, Corona Aragonum . was a composite monarchy ruled by one king, originated by the dynastic union of the Kingdom of Aragon and the County of ...
), bring them under the laws of the Crown of Castile.
* December 22 – James Edward Stuart
James Francis Edward Stuart (10 June 16881 January 1766), nicknamed the Old Pretender by Whigs, was the son of King James II and VII of England, Scotland and Ireland, and his second wife, Mary of Modena. He was Prince of Wales from ...
rejoins Jacobite rebels in Scotland, but fails to rouse his army.
* December 24 – Swedish troops occupy Norway
Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland territory of which comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The remote Arctic island of ...
.
Date unknown
* Karlsruhe Palace is built, resulting in the town of Karlsruhe
Karlsruhe ( , , ; South Franconian: ''Kallsruh'') is the third-largest city of the German state (''Land'') of Baden-Württemberg after its capital of Stuttgart and Mannheim, and the 22nd-largest city in the nation, with 308,436 inhabitants. ...
growing up around it.
* The ancient right to evaluate royal decrees publicly, before they are given the force of law by the Parliament of Paris, is restored.
* Filippo Juvarra starts working on the previously postponed construction of the church of Santa Christina in Turin
Turin ( , Piedmontese language, Piedmontese: ; it, Torino ) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in Northern Italy. It is the capital city of Piedmont and of the Metropolitan City of Turin, and was the first Italian capital ...
.
* Filippo Juvarra starts rebuilding the church of San Filippo Neri, Turin, in which the roof had collapsed, during the siege of Turin, during the War of the Spanish Succession.
* Coffee is first grown in the French
French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to:
* Something of, from, or related to France
** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents
** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with Franc ...
colony of Saint-Domingue.
* Around this year, a breech loading firearm is made for Philip V of Spain
Philip V ( es, Felipe; 19 December 1683 – 9 July 1746) was King of Spain from 1 November 1700 to 14 January 1724, and again from 6 September 1724 to his death in 1746. His total reign of 45 years is the longest in the history of the Spanish mo ...
.
Births
*
January 9 –
Robert-François Damiens
Robert-François Damiens (; surname also recorded as ''Damier''; 9 January 1715 – 28 March 1757) was a French domestic servant whose attempted assassination of King Louis XV in 1757 culminated in his public execution. He was the last per ...
, French domestic servant, executed for the attempted assassination of Louis XV of France (d.
1757)
*
January 10
**
Christian August Crusius, German philosopher, Protestant theologian (d.
1775)
**
Johan Sparre af Söfdeborg, Swedish general, nobleman (d.
1791)
*
January 12
Events Pre-1600
* 475 – Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople, and his general, Basiliscus gains control of the empire.
* 1528 – Gustav I of Sweden is crowned King of Sweden, having already rei ...
–
Jacques Duphly, French composer (d.
1789
Events
January–March
* January – Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès publishes the pamphlet ''What Is the Third Estate?'' ('), influential on the French Revolution.
* January 7 – The 1788-89 United States presidential electio ...
)
*
January 23
Events Pre-1600
* 393 – Roman emperor Theodosius I proclaims his eight-year-old son Honorius co-emperor.
* 971 – Using crossbows, Song dynasty troops soundly defeat a war elephant corps of the Southern Han at Shao.
* 1264 & ...
–
Jean-Olivier Briand
Jean-Olivier Briand (January 23, 1715 – June 25, 1794) was the bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Quebec from 1766 to 1784.
Life
Jean-Olivier Briand was born at Plérin, Brittany on January 23, 1715. He studied at the Seminary of St. Brieu ...
, French-born Catholic bishop of Quebec (d.
1794)
*
January 24
Events Pre-1600
* 41 – Claudius is proclaimed Roman emperor by the Praetorian Guard after they assassinate the previous emperor, his nephew Caligula.
* 914 – Start of the First Fatimid invasion of Egypt.
*1438 – The Counc ...
–
Ōkubo Tadaoki, Japanese daimyō (d.
1764
1764 ( MDCCLXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday and is the fifth year of the 1760s decade, the 64th year of the 18th century, and the 764th year of the 2nd millennium.
Events
January–June
* January 7 – The Siculicidium ...
)
*
January 25
Events Pre-1600
* 41 – After a night of negotiation, Claudius is accepted as Roman emperor by the Senate.
* 750 – In the Battle of the Zab, the Abbasid rebels defeat the Umayyad Caliphate, leading to the overthrow of the dynasty ...
**
George Hay, British politician (d.
1778)
**
Thomas Walker, distinguished Virginia physician, explorer (d.
1794)
*
January 29
Events
Pre-1600
* 904 – Sergius III is elected pope, after coming out of retirement to take over the papacy from the deposed antipope Christopher.
* 946 – Caliph Al-Mustakfi is blinded and deposed by Emir Mu'izz al-Dawla, rul ...
–
Georg Christoph Wagenseil
Georg Christoph Wagenseil (29 January 1715 – 1 March 1777) was an Austrian composer.
He was born in Vienna, and became a favorite pupil of the Vienna court's
Kapellmeister, Johann Joseph Fux. Wagenseil himself composed for the
court fr ...
, Austrian composer (d.
1777)
*
January 30 –
Jean-Baptiste Lestiboudois, French botanist (d.
1804
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Haiti gains independence from France, and becomes the first black republic, having the only successful slave revolt ever.
* February 4 – The Sokoto Caliphate is founded in West Africa.
* Febru ...
)
*
January 31
Events Pre-1600
* 314 – Pope Sylvester I is consecrated, as successor to the late Pope Miltiades.
*1208 – The Battle of Lena takes place between King Sverker II of Sweden and his rival, Prince Eric, whose victory puts him on the ...
**
Giovanni Fagnano, Italian mathematician (d.
1797)
**
John Wayles
John Wayles (January 31, 1715 – May 28, 1773) was a colonial American planter, slave trader and lawyer in colonial Virginia. He is historically best known as the father-in-law of Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States ...
, American lawyer and planter (d.
1773)
*
February 4 –
John Hamilton, British politician (d.
1796
Events
January–March
* January 16 – The first Dutch (and general) elections are held for the National Assembly of the Batavian Republic. (The next Dutch general elections are held in 1888.)
* February 1 – The capital ...
)
*
February 5 –
Baltazar Adam Krčelić, Croatian historian and theologian (d.
1778)
*
February 11 –
Margaret Bentinck, Duchess of Portland, British duchess (d.
1785)
*
February 12
Events Pre-1600
* 1404 – The Italian professor Galeazzo di Santa Sophie performed the first post-mortem autopsy for the purposes of teaching and demonstration at the Heiligen–Geist Spital in Vienna.
* 1429 – English forces und ...
–
James Grenville
James Grenville (12 February 1715 – 14 September 1783) was a British politician.
He was born at Wotton House, Buckinghamshire in 1715 into the influential Grenville political family and was one of five brothers who went into politics. He was ...
, British Member of Parliament (d.
1783)
*
February 22
Events Pre-1600
* 1076 – Having received a letter during the Lenten synod of 14–20 February demanding that he abdicate, Pope Gregory VII excommunicates Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor.
* 1316 – The Battle of Picotin, between Ferd ...
**
Charles-Nicolas Cochin
Charles-Nicolas Cochin (22 February 1715 – 29 April 1790) was a French engraver, designer, writer, and art critic. To distinguish him from his father of the same name, he is variously called Charles-Nicolas Cochin le Jeune (the Younger), Char ...
, French artist (d.
1790
Events
January–March
* January 8 – United States President George Washington gives the first State of the Union address, in New York City.
* January 11 – The 11 minor states of the Austrian Netherlands, which t ...
)
**
Jean Georges Lefranc de Pompignan
Jean Georges Lefranc de Pompignan (22 February 1715 in Montauban – 29 December 1790 in Paris) was a French clergyman, younger brother of Jean-Jacques Lefranc, Marquis de Pompignan.
Pompignan was the archbishop of Vienne against whose defense ...
, Roman Catholic archbishop (d.
1790
Events
January–March
* January 8 – United States President George Washington gives the first State of the Union address, in New York City.
* January 11 – The 11 minor states of the Austrian Netherlands, which t ...
)
*
February 26 –
Claude Adrien Helvétius, French philosopher (d.
1771)
*
February 27 –
Mateo Aimerich, Spanish philologist (d.
1799)
*
March 4
Events Pre-1600
* AD 51 – Nero, later to become Roman emperor, is given the title '' princeps iuventutis'' (head of the youth).
* 306 – Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia.
* 852 – Croatian Knez Trpimir I issues a ...
–
James Waldegrave, 2nd Earl Waldegrave
James Waldegrave, 2nd Earl Waldegrave, (4 March 171513 April 1763) was a British politician who is sometimes regarded as one of the shortest-serving British prime ministers in history. His brief tenure as First Lord of the Treasury is lent a m ...
of Great Britain (d.
1763)
*
March 7
**
Ewald Christian von Kleist, German poet and officer (d.
1759)
**
Ephraim Williams, English benefactor of Williams College, soldier in the French and Indian War (d.
1755)
*
March 14 –
Johan Martin Preisler, German artist (d.
1794)
*
March 18 –
John Bushell, first (Massachusetts-born) Canadian printer (d.
1761)
*
March 24 –
William Strahan, British politician (d.
1785)
*
March 25 –
Mary Frances of the Five Wounds
Anna Maria Gallo, TOSF, better known as Mary Frances of the Five Wounds ( it, Maria Francesca delle Cinque Piaghe, 25 March 1715 – 7 October 1791), was an Italian member of the Third Order of St. Francis who is honored as a saint in the ...
, Italian Franciscan saint (d.
1791)
*
March 28
Events Pre-1600
*AD 37 – Roman emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, bestowed on him by the Senate.
* 193 – After assassinating the Roman Emperor Pertinax, his Praetorian Guards auction off the throne to Didiu ...
–
Margrave Frederick William of Brandenburg-Schwedt, Prussian major general and titular Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt (d.
1744)
*
March 31 –
Johan Samuel Augustin
Johan Samuel Augustin (March 31, 1715April 26, 1785) was a German-Danish astronomical writer and civil servant.
Life
Johan Samuel Augustin was born in Oldenswort in Eiderstedt to an old Frisian family. When he was 2 years old his father, John. ...
, German-Danish astronomical writer, civil servant (d.
1785)
*
April 3 –
William Watson, English scientist (d.
1787)
*
April 9
Events Pre-1600
* 193 – The distinguished soldier Septimius Severus is proclaimed emperor by the army in Illyricum.
* 475 – Byzantine Emperor Basiliscus issues a circular letter (''Enkyklikon'') to the bishops of his empire, su ...
–
Giovanni Carlo Boschi, Italian Catholic cardinal (d.
1788)
*
April 11
**
John Alcock, English composer and organist (d.
1806
Events
January–March
* January 1
** The French Republican Calendar is abolished.
** The Kingdom of Bavaria is established by Napoleon.
* January 5 – The body of Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, lies in state in the Painted Hall ...
)
**
Jacob Rodrigues Pereira
Jacob Rodrigues Pereira or Jacob Rodrigue Péreire (April 11, 1715 – September 15, 1780) was an academic and the first teacher of deaf-mutes in France.
Jacob Rodrigues Pereira was born in Berlanga (Badajoz), Spain, a descendant of a Por ...
, academic, first teacher of deaf-mutes in France (d.
1780)
*
April 13
Events Pre-1600
* 1111 – Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor.
* 1204 – Constantinople falls to the Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade, temporarily ending the Byzantine Empire.
1601–1900
*1612 – In one of the epic samurai ...
–
John Martin Mack, American missionary (d.
1784)
*
April 19
Events Pre-1600
* AD 65 – The freedman Milichus betrays Piso's plot to kill the Emperor Nero and all the conspirators are arrested.
* 531 – Battle of Callinicum: A Byzantine army under Belisarius is defeated by the Persi ...
–
James Nares, English composer of mostly sacred vocal works (d.
1783)
*
April 20
**
James Brudenell, 5th Earl of Cardigan, English noble and politician (d.
1811)
**
Saliha Sultan, daughter of Ottoman Sultan (d.
1778)
*
April 23
Events Pre-1600
*215 BC – A temple is built on the Capitoline Hill dedicated to Venus Erycina to commemorate the Roman defeat at Lake Trasimene.
* 599 – Maya king Uneh Chan of Calakmul attacks rival city-state Palenque in sout ...
**
Johann Friedrich Doles, German composer (d.
1797)
**
John Hicks
Sir John Richards Hicks (8 April 1904 – 20 May 1989) was a British economist. He is considered one of the most important and influential economists of the twentieth century. The most familiar of his many contributions in the field of economic ...
, Canadian politician (d.
1790
Events
January–March
* January 8 – United States President George Washington gives the first State of the Union address, in New York City.
* January 11 – The 11 minor states of the Austrian Netherlands, which t ...
)
**
Auguste de Keralio, French nobleman (d.
1805
After thirteen years the First French Empire abolished the French Republican Calendar in favour of the Gregorian calendar.
Events
January–March
* January 11 – The Michigan Territory is created.
* February 7 – King Anouvong become ...
)
**
Carl Tersmeden, Swedish admiral (d.
1797)
*
April 28
**
Carl Fredrik Scheffer
Carl Fredrik Scheffer (28 April 1715 – 27 August 1786) was a Swedish count, diplomat, privy counsellor, politician and writer. He was a Knight of the Royal Order of the Seraphim, and a Commander of the Order of the Polar Star.
Life
Scheffer's f ...
, Swedish politician (d.
1786)
**
Franz Sparry, Austrian composer (d.
1767)
*
May 4
**
Richard Graves, English minister (d.
1804
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Haiti gains independence from France, and becomes the first black republic, having the only successful slave revolt ever.
* February 4 – The Sokoto Caliphate is founded in West Africa.
* Febru ...
)
**
Hieronim Florian Radziwiłł, Polish-Lithuanian noble (d.
1760)
*
May 7 –
Charles Roe, English businessman (d.
1781
Events
January–March
* January – William Pitt the Younger, later Prime Minister of Great Britain, enters Parliament, aged 21.
* January 1 – Industrial Revolution: The Iron Bridge opens across the River Severn ...
)
*
May 11
**
Johann Gottfried Bernhard Bach
Johann Gottfried Bernhard Bach (11 May 1715 – 27 May 1739) was a German musician. It is not known whether he composed, and his career as an organist is not in itself notable, but his life throws light on his famous father, the composer Johann Se ...
, fourth child of Johann Sebastian Bach and Maria Barbara Bach to reach adulthood (d.
1739)
**
Ignazio Fiorillo, Italian composer (d.
1787)
*
May 12 –
Otto William Schwartz
Otto William Schwartz (May 12, 1715 – October 5, 1785) was a Russian-born fur trader and political figure of German descent in Nova Scotia. He arrived with Governor Edward Cornwallis and represented Lunenburg County (i.e., the Foreign Pro ...
, Canadian politician (d.
1785)
*
May 20
Events Pre-1600
* 325 – The First Council of Nicaea is formally opened, starting the first ecumenical council of the Christian Church.
* 491 – Empress Ariadne marries Anastasius I. The widowed '' Augusta'' is able to choose her ...
–
William Whitfield II
William Whitfield II (May 20, 1715 in Chowan County, North Carolina – March 31, 1795 in Bertie County, North Carolina) was a Captain of the 6th Virginia Regiment during the American Revolutionary War and a planter. He purchased Seven Springs, N ...
, American Army officer (d.
1795)
*
May 22
Events Pre-1600
* 192 – Dong Zhuo is assassinated by his adopted son Lü Bu.
* 760 – Fourteenth recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet.
* 853 – A Byzantine fleet sacks and destroys undefended Damietta in Egypt.
*11 ...
–
François-Joachim de Pierre de Bernis
François-Joachim de Pierre de Bernis, comte de Lyonnais (22 May 1715 – 3 November 1794) was a French cardinal and diplomat. He was the sixth member elected to occupy Seat 3 of the Académie française in 1744. Bernis was one of the most promin ...
, French cardinal and statesman (d.
1794)
*
June 7 –
Lodewijk Caspar Valckenaer
Lodewijk Caspar Valckenaer (Leeuwarden, 7 June 1715 – Leiden, 15 March 1785) was a Dutch classical scholar, at Leiden. He was a follower of Tiberius Hemsterhuis, and his successor in 1766 in the chair of Greek at Leiden. He was born in Leeuwarde ...
, Dutch classical scholar (d.
1785)
*
June 12
Events Pre-1600
* 910 – Battle of Augsburg: The Hungarians defeat the East Frankish army under King Louis the Child, using the famous feigned retreat tactic of the nomadic warriors.
*1240 – At the instigation of Louis IX of Fr ...
**
Nicolas Thyrel de Boismont
Abbé Nicolas Thyrel de Boismont (12 June 1715 – 20 December 1786) was a French abbot and a pulpit orator
An orator, or oratist, is a public speaker, especially one who is eloquent or skilled.
Etymology
Recorded in English c. 1374, with a ...
, French abbot (d.
1786)
**
Charles-René Dejordy de Villebon, French-Canadian explorer (d.
1761)
*
June 13 –
Anna Wilhelmine of Anhalt-Dessau, German noblewoman (d.
1780)
*
June 15 –
John Blennerhassett, Anglo-Irish politician (d.
1763)
*
June 18 –
Harry Grey, 4th Earl of Stamford
Harry Grey, 4th Earl of Stamford (18 June 1715 – 30 May 1768) was an English peer, styled Lord Grey from 1720 to 1739.
Harry Grey was born at Enville Hall, the eldest son of Henry Grey, 3rd Earl of Stamford. He was educated at Rugby and We ...
, British earl, politician (d.
1768
Events
January–March
* January 9 – Philip Astley stages the first modern circus, with acrobats on galloping horses, in London.
* February 11 – Samuel Adams's circular letter is issued by the Massachusetts House ...
)
*
June 25 –
Joseph Foullon de Doué
__NOTOC__
Joseph-François Foullon de Doué, or Foulon de Doué (25 June 1715 – 22 July 1789), was a French politician and a Controller-General of Finances under Louis XVI. A deeply unpopular figure, he has the ignominious distinction of being ...
, French politician and a Controller-General of Finances under Louis XVI (d.
1789
Events
January–March
* January – Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès publishes the pamphlet ''What Is the Third Estate?'' ('), influential on the French Revolution.
* January 7 – The 1788-89 United States presidential electio ...
)
*
June 29
Events Pre-1600
* 226 – Cao Rui succeeds his father as emperor of the Kingdom of Wei.
*1149 – Raymond of Poitiers is defeated and killed at the Battle of Inab by Nur ad-Din Zangi.
*1194 – Sverre is crowned King of Norway, ...
–
Pedro Antonio de Cevallos, Spanish military Governor of Buenos Aires between 1757 and 1766 (d.
1778)
*
July 2 –
Samuel Finley, American clergyman and educator (d.
1766
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Charles Edward Stuart ("Bonnie Prince Charlie") becomes the new Stuart claimant to the throne of Great Britain, as King Charles III, and figurehead for Jacobitism.
* January 14 – Chr ...
)
*
July 4
Events Pre-1600
*362 BC – Battle of Mantinea: The Thebans, led by Epaminondas, defeated the Spartans.
* 414 – Emperor Theodosius II, age 13, yields power to his older sister Aelia Pulcheria, who reigned as regent and proclaimed ...
**
Christian Fürchtegott Gellert
Christian Fürchtegott Gellert (4 July 171513 December 1769) was a German poet, one of the forerunners of the golden age of German literature that was ushered in by Lessing.
Biography
Gellert was born at Hainichen in Saxony, at the foot of ...
, German author (d.
1769
Events
January–March
* February 2 – Pope Clement XIII dies, the night before preparing an order to dissolve the Jesuits.Denis De Lucca, ''Jesuits and Fortifications: The Contribution of the Jesuits to Military Architecture ...
)
**
Charles François Hutin, French painter (d.
1776)
*
July 11
Events Pre-1600
* 472 – After being besieged in Rome by his own generals, Western Roman Emperor Anthemius is captured in St. Peter's Basilica and put to death.
* 813 – Byzantine emperor Michael I, under threat by conspiracies, ...
–
Jean-Joseph Balechou, French artist (d.
1765
Events January–March
* January 23 – Prince Joseph of Austria marries Princess Maria Josepha of Bavaria in Vienna.
* January 29 – One week before his death, Mir Jafar, who had been enthroned as the Nawab of Bengal and ru ...
)
*
July 14
Events Pre-1600
* 982 – King Otto II and his Frankish army are defeated by the Muslim army of al-Qasim at Cape Colonna, Southern Italy.
*1223 – Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father, Philip II.
*1420 ...
–
Caterina Sagredo Barbarigo, Venetian aristocrat and salon holder (d.
1772)
*
July 16 –
Charles, Prince of Soubise
Charles de Rohan (16 July 17151 July 1787), Prince of Soubise, Duke of Rohan-Rohan, Seigneur of Roberval, and Marshal of France from 1758, was a soldier, and minister to kings Louis XV and Louis XVI. He was the last male of his branch of the Ho ...
, Marshal of France (d.
1787)
*
July 17 –
Fredericka of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg, German noblewoman member of the House of Wettin and by marriage Duchess of Saxe-Weissenfels (d.
1775)
*
July 26
Events Pre-1600
* 657 – First Fitna: In the Battle of Siffin, troops led by Ali ibn Abu Talib clash with those led by Muawiyah I.
* 811 – Battle of Pliska: Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros I is killed and his heir Staurakios is seriou ...
–
Jakob van der Schley
Jakob van der Schley aka Jakob van Schley (26 July 1715 Amsterdam – 7 February 1779 Amsterdam) was a Dutch draughtsman and engraver. He studied under Bernard Picart (1673-1733) whose style he subsequently copied. His main interests were engravin ...
, Dutch engraver (d.
1779)
*
August 5
Events Pre-1600
*AD 25 – Guangwu claims the throne as Emperor of China, restoring the Han dynasty after the collapse of the short-lived Xin dynasty.
* 70 – Fires resulting from the destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem are ...
–
Charlotte Sophie of Aldenburg
Charlotte Sophie of Aldenburg (4 August 1715– 5 of February 1800), was the ruling Countess of Varel and Kniphausen,Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Fürstliche Häuser IV. "Portland". C.A. Starke Verlag, 1956, pp. 484-485. (German). adjace ...
, German sovereign (d.
1800)
*
August 6 –
Luc de Clapiers, marquis de Vauvenargues
Luc de Clapiers, marquis de Vauvenargues (; 6 August 1715 – 28 May 1747) was a French writer and moralist. He died at age 31, in broken health, having published the year prior—anonymously—a collection of essays and aphorisms with the en ...
, French writer (d.
1747
Events
January–March
* January 31 – The first venereal diseases clinic opens at London Lock Hospital.
* February 11 – King George's War: A combined French and Indian force, commanded by Captain Nicolas Antoine I ...
)
*
August 18 –
Cyrus Trapaud, British Army general (d.
1801)
*
August 25 –
Luis González Velázquez, Spanish painter (d.
1763)
*
September 5 –
Ignác Raab, Czech artist (d.
1787)
*
September 15 –
Jean-Baptiste Vaquette de Gribeauval, French artillery officer and engineer who revolutionized French cannon (d.
1789
Events
January–March
* January – Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès publishes the pamphlet ''What Is the Third Estate?'' ('), influential on the French Revolution.
* January 7 – The 1788-89 United States presidential electio ...
)
*
September 19
**
Emmanuel-Félicité de Durfort de Duras, Marshal of France, politician (d.
1789
Events
January–March
* January – Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès publishes the pamphlet ''What Is the Third Estate?'' ('), influential on the French Revolution.
* January 7 – The 1788-89 United States presidential electio ...
)
**
Ferenc Esterházy, Hungarian politician (d.
1785)
*
September 22 –
Jean-Étienne Guettard
Jean-Étienne Guettard (22 September 1715 – 7 January 1786), French naturalist and mineralogist, was born at Étampes, near Paris.
In boyhood, he gained a knowledge of plants from his grandfather, who was an apothecary, and later he qualif ...
, French scientist (d.
1786)
*
September 25
Events Pre-1600
* 275 – For the last time, the Roman Senate chooses an emperor; they elect 75-year-old Marcus Claudius Tacitus.
* 762 – Led by Muhammad al-Nafs al-Zakiyya, the Hasanid branch of the Alids begins the Alid Revolt ...
–
Princess Victoria Charlotte of Anhalt-Zeitz-Hoym, Margravine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth (d.
1772)
*
September 26 –
Lord George Graham, Royal Navy officer and MP (d.
1747
Events
January–March
* January 31 – The first venereal diseases clinic opens at London Lock Hospital.
* February 11 – King George's War: A combined French and Indian force, commanded by Captain Nicolas Antoine I ...
)
*
October 1 –
Richard Jago
Richard Jago (1 October 1715 – 8 May 1781) was an English clergyman poet and minor landscape gardener from Warwickshire. Although his writing was not highly regarded by contemporaries, some of it was sufficiently novel to have several imitator ...
, English clergyman poet and minor landscape gardener from Warwickshire (d.
1781
Events
January–March
* January – William Pitt the Younger, later Prime Minister of Great Britain, enters Parliament, aged 21.
* January 1 – Industrial Revolution: The Iron Bridge opens across the River Severn ...
)
*
October 2
Events Pre-1600
* 829 – Theophilos succeeds his father Michael II as Byzantine Emperor.
* 939 – Battle of Andernach: Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor, crushes a rebellion against his rule, by a coalition of Eberhard of Franconia and ...
–
Domenico Caracciolo
Domenico Caracciolo, marquess of Villamaina (2 October 1715, in Malpartida de la Serena – 16 July 1789, in Naples) was diplomat and politician in the Kingdom of Naples.
Life
Family origins and education
He was the son of Tommaso, Marquess of ...
, Italian politician (d.
1789
Events
January–March
* January – Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès publishes the pamphlet ''What Is the Third Estate?'' ('), influential on the French Revolution.
* January 7 – The 1788-89 United States presidential electio ...
)
*
October 5
**
John Hustler, English Quaker industrialist (d.
1790
Events
January–March
* January 8 – United States President George Washington gives the first State of the Union address, in New York City.
* January 11 – The 11 minor states of the Austrian Netherlands, which t ...
)
**
Victor de Riqueti, marquis de Mirabeau, French economist of the Physiocratic school (d.
1789
Events
January–March
* January – Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès publishes the pamphlet ''What Is the Third Estate?'' ('), influential on the French Revolution.
* January 7 – The 1788-89 United States presidential electio ...
)
*
October 6 –
Antoine-Gabriel-François Benoist, soldier in the French army, served in North America (d.
1776)
*
October 16 –
Joseph Allegranza, Historian, archaeologist, antiquary (d.
1785)
*
October 23 –
Peter II of Russia, Emperor of Russia (d.
1730)
*
October 29 –
Aaron Cleveland
Aaron Cleveland (29 October 171511 August 1757 Philadelphia) was a clergyman. He established the first Presbyterian church in Canada. He was a great-great-grandfather of United States President Grover Cleveland.
Biography
His father was als ...
, American clergyman (d.
1757)
*
November 5
**
John Brown, English divine and author (d.
1766
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Charles Edward Stuart ("Bonnie Prince Charlie") becomes the new Stuart claimant to the throne of Great Britain, as King Charles III, and figurehead for Jacobitism.
* January 14 – Chr ...
)
**
Felix of Nicosia, Cypriot Catholic saint (d.
1787)
**
Johann Georg Wille
Johann Georg Wille, or Jean Georges Wille (5 November 1715, near Biebertal - 5 April 1808, Paris) was a German-born copper engraver, who spent most of his life in France. He also worked as an art dealer.
Life and work
He was the eldest of sev ...
, German engraver (d.
1808)
*
November 6 –
Heneage Finch, 3rd Earl of Aylesford
Heneage Finch, 3rd Earl of Aylesford (6 November 1715 – 9 May 1777), styled Lord Guernsey between 1719 and 1757, was a British peer and politician.
Background and education
Finch was the son and heir of Heneage Finch, 2nd Earl of Aylesford ...
, Member of the Parliament of Great Britain (d.
1777)
*
November 8 –
Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel-Bevern, Crown Princess of Prussia (d.
1797)
*
November 9 –
Edward Bligh, 2nd Earl of Darnley
Edward Bligh, 2nd Earl of Darnley (9 November 1715 – 22 July 1747), lord of the Manor of Cobham, Kent, was an Irish peer born of an English family who resided in Kent.
The eldest son of John Bligh, 1st Earl of Darnley and Lady Theodosia ...
, British noble (d.
1747
Events
January–March
* January 31 – The first venereal diseases clinic opens at London Lock Hospital.
* February 11 – King George's War: A combined French and Indian force, commanded by Captain Nicolas Antoine I ...
)
*
November 12 –
Kajetan Sołtyk
Kajetan Ignacy Sołtyk (12 November 1715 – 30 July 1788) was a Polish Catholic priest, bishop of Kiev from 1756, bishop of Kraków from 13 March 1759.
Biography
Son of Józef Sołtyk, castellan of Lublin and court marshal to primate of Polan ...
, Polish Catholic priest (d.
1788)
*
November 13 –
Dorothea Erxleben
Dorothea Christiane Erxleben (13 November 1715 – 13 June 1762) was a German doctor who became the first female doctor of medicinal science in Germany.
Early life
Dorothea was born on 13 November 1715 in the small town of Quedlinburg, German ...
, first German female physician (d.
1762)
*
November 16 –
Girolamo Abos, Maltese-Italian composer (d.
1760)
*
November 17 –
Sir Danvers Osborn, 3rd Baronet
Sir Danvers Osborn, 3rd Baronet (17 November 1715 – 12 October 1753), served briefly in 1753 as colonial governor of New York Province. During the Jacobite Uprising, he had raised and commanded troops in support of the king. He later served as ...
, British politician and colonial governor (d.
1753)
*
November 19
Events Pre-1600
* 461 – Libius Severus is declared emperor of the Western Roman Empire. The real power is in the hands of the ''magister militum'' Ricimer.
* 636 – The Rashidun Caliphate defeats the Sasanian Empire at the Battl ...
–
Bertrand Philip, Count of Gronsveld
Bertrand Philip Sigismund Albrecht, Count of Gronsveld-van Diepenbroick-Impel (19 November 1715, Empel – 15 November 1772, Amsterdam) was a former Dutch envoy in Berlin to Frederick the Great.
He was the fourth son of Johann Bertram Arnold, F ...
, Dutch diplomat (d.
1772)
*
November 20
Events Pre-1600
* 284 – Diocletian is chosen as Roman emperor.
* 762 – During the An Shi Rebellion, the Tang dynasty, with the help of Huihe tribe, recaptures Luoyang from the rebels.
*1194 – Palermo is conquered by Henr ...
–
Pierre Charles Le Monnier, French astronomer (d.
1799)
*
November 24 –
Anna Nitschmann
Anna Caritas Nitschmann, Countess von Zinzendorf und Pottendorf, (24 November 1715, Kunín, Moravia – 21 May 1760, Herrnhut, Lusatia) was a Moravian Brethren missionary (''Missionarin''), lyrical poet, and the second wife of Count Ni ...
, German poet (d.
1760)
*
November 26 –
Jean-Charles Gervaise de Latouche, French writer (d.
1782)
*
November 27
Events Pre-1600
*AD 25 – Luoyang is declared capital of the Eastern Han dynasty by Emperor Guangwu of Han.
* 176 – Emperor Marcus Aurelius grants his son Commodus the rank of " Imperator" and makes him Supreme Commander of the ...
–
Johann Gottlob Leidenfrost, German physician (d.
1794)
*
November 30
**
Johann Philipp Bethmann, German merchant and banker (d.
1793)
**
Johan Jacob Bruun
Johan Jacob Bruun (30 November 1715 – 4 January 1789) was a Danish painter. Often working in gouaches, he is most known for his topographic prospects which herald the development of a Danish landscape painting.
Biography
He was born in Slage ...
, Danish artist (d.
1789
Events
January–March
* January – Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès publishes the pamphlet ''What Is the Third Estate?'' ('), influential on the French Revolution.
* January 7 – The 1788-89 United States presidential electio ...
)
*
December 4 –
Abraham Drake, New Hampshire politician (d.
1781
Events
January–March
* January – William Pitt the Younger, later Prime Minister of Great Britain, enters Parliament, aged 21.
* January 1 – Industrial Revolution: The Iron Bridge opens across the River Severn ...
)
*
December 9 –
Joseph Marie Terray
Abbot Joseph Marie Terray (1715 – 18 February 1778) was a Controller-General of Finances during the reign of Louis XV of France, an agent of fiscal reform.
Biography
Terray, tonsured but not a priest, was appointed in 1736 an ecclesiastical co ...
, Controller-General of Finances during the reign of Louis XV of France (d.
1778)
*
December 11 –
Johann Valentin Tischbein, German painter (d.
1768
Events
January–March
* January 9 – Philip Astley stages the first modern circus, with acrobats on galloping horses, in London.
* February 11 – Samuel Adams's circular letter is issued by the Massachusetts House ...
)
*
December 12 –
Gennaro Manna, Italian composer (d.
1779)
*
December 18 –
Johan Heinrich Becker, German physician and chemist who settled in Norway (d.
1761)
*
December 21
**
Tommaso Gherardini
Tommaso Gherardini (December 21, 1715 - 1797) was an Italian painter, mainly of Rococo fresco decorations.
Biography
He was born in Florence, where he was a pupil of Vincenzo Meucci. He also traveled to Bologna and Venice to study at the resp ...
, Italian painter (d.
1797)
**
Gottlieb Heinrich Totleben, German noble (d.
1773)
**
François-Vincent Toussaint, French writer most famous for ''Les Mœurs'' (The Manners) (d.
1772)
*
December 27 –
Philippe de Noailles
Philippe de Noailles, comte de Noailles and later prince de Poix, duc de Mouchy, and duc de Poix ''à brevêt'' (27 December 1715 in Paris27 June 1794 in Paris), was a younger brother of Louis de Noailles, and a more distinguished soldier than hi ...
, Marshal of France (d.
1794)
*
December 30 –
Thomas Watson, 3rd Earl of Rockingham
{{Infobox noble
, name = Thomas Watson
, title = Earl of Rockingham
, image =
, caption =
, alt =
, CoA =
, more = no
, succession =
, r ...
, British politician (d.
1746)
*
December 31 –
Nicolas-Sylvestre Bergier, French Catholic theologian (d.
1790
Events
January–March
* January 8 – United States President George Washington gives the first State of the Union address, in New York City.
* January 11 – The 11 minor states of the Austrian Netherlands, which t ...
)
Deaths
*
January 7
**
François Fénelon, Archbishop of
Cambrai (b.
1651)
**
Mary Somerset, Duchess of Beaufort, British botanist (b.
1630)
*
January 29
Events
Pre-1600
* 904 – Sergius III is elected pope, after coming out of retirement to take over the papacy from the deposed antipope Christopher.
* 946 – Caliph Al-Mustakfi is blinded and deposed by Emir Mu'izz al-Dawla, rul ...
–
Bernard Lamy
Bernard Lamy (15 June 1640 – 29 January 1715) was a French Oratorian, mathematician and theologian.
Life
Lamy was born in Le Mans, France. After studying there, he went to join the Maison d'Institution in Paris, and to Saumur thereafter. In ...
, French Oratorian mathematician and theologian (b.
1640)
*
January 27
Events Pre-1600
* 98 – Trajan succeeds his adoptive father Nerva as Roman emperor; under his rule the Roman Empire will reach its maximum extent.
* 945 – The co-emperors Stephen and Constantine are overthrown and forced to bec ...
–
Caspar Neumann
Caspar (or Kaspar) Neumann (14 September 1648 – 27 January 1715) was a German professor and clergyman from Breslau with a special scientific interest in mortality rates.
Biography
Caspar Neuman was born September 14, 1648 in Breslau, to M ...
, German professor and clergyman (b.
1648)
*
February 3 –
Gottfried Vopelius
Gottfried Vopelius (28 January 1645 – 3 February 1715), was a German Lutheran academic and hymn-writer, mainly active in Leipzig. He was born in Herwigsdorf, now a district of Rosenbach, Oberlausitz, and died in Leipzig at the age of 70.Rober ...
, German academic (b.
1645)
*
February 4 –
Martín de Ursúa, Spanish conquistador (b.
1653
Events
January–March
* January 3 – By the Coonan Cross Oath, the Eastern Church in India cuts itself off from colonial Portuguese tutelage.
* January– The Swiss Peasant War begins after magistrates meeting at Luc ...
)
*
February 17 –
Antoine Galland
Antoine Galland (; 4 April 1646 – 17 February 1715) was a French orientalist and archaeologist, most famous as the first European translator of ''One Thousand and One Nights'', which he called ''Les mille et une nuits''. His version of the tal ...
, French archaeologist (b.
1646)
*
February 19 –
Domenico Egidio Rossi
Domenico Egidio Rossi (1 September 1659, Fano – 19 February 1715, Fano) was an Italian architect and master builder, most notable for his design of the Schloss Rastatt.
Biography
Born in Fano
Fano is a town and ''comune'' of the province o ...
, Italian architect (b.
1659)
*
February 21
Events Pre-1600
*452 or 453 – Severianus, Bishop of Scythopolis, is martyred in Palestine.
* 1245 – Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland, is granted resignation after confessing to torture and forgery.
*1440 – The Pru ...
–
Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore,
Colonial governor of Maryland (b.
1637)
*
February 25 –
Pu Songling
Pu Songling (, 5 June 1640 – 25 February 1715) was a Chinese writer during the Qing dynasty, best known as the author of ''Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio'' (''Liaozhai zhiyi'').
Biography
Pu was born into a poor merchant family from Zi ...
, Qing Dynasty Chinese writer (b.
1640)
*
March 2
Events Pre-1600
* 537 – Siege of Rome (537–38), Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoths, Ostrogoth army under king Vitiges begins the siege of the capital. Belisarius conducts a delaying action outside the Piazza del Popolo, Flaminian Gate; he a ...
–
Cardinal de Bouillon, French Catholic cardinal (b.
1643)
*
March 17 –
Gilbert Burnet, Scottish Bishop of Salisbury (b.
1643)
*
March 18 –
William Fraser, 12th Lord Saltoun
William Fraser, 12th Lord Saltoun (21 November 1654 – 18 March 1715), was a Scottish peer and the 11th Laird of Philorth.
Early years
Fraser was born on 11 November 1654 in the small town of Fraserburgh. His parents were Alexander Fraser, Maste ...
, (b.
1654)
*
March 27 –
August, Duke of Saxe-Merseburg-Zörbig, German prince (b.
1655)
*
April 6 –
Perizonius, Dutch linguist (b.
1651)
*
April 16 –
Benedict Calvert, 4th Baron Baltimore
Benedict Leonard Calvert, 4th Baron Baltimore (21 March 1679 – 16 April 1715) was an English nobleman and politician. He was the second son of Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore (1637–1715) by Jane Lowe, and became his father's heir upon ...
,
Colonial governor of Maryland (b.
1679
Events
January–June
* January 24 – King Charles II of England dissolves the "Cavalier Parliament", after nearly 18 years.
* February 3 – Moroccan troops from Fez are killed, along with their commander Moussa ben Ahmed be ...
)
*
May 8 –
Marie Mancini, Italian courtier, third of the five Mancini sisters (b.
1639)
*
May 19 –
Charles Montagu, English Chancellor of the Exchequer (b.
1661
Events
January–March
* January 6 – The Fifth Monarchists, led by Thomas Venner, unsuccessfully attempt to seize control of London; George Monck's regiment defeats them.
* January 29 – The Rokeby baronets, a British ...
)
*
May 21 –
Pierre Magnol, French botanist (b.
1638
Events January–March
* January 4 –
**A naval battle takes place in the Indian Ocean off of the coast of Goa at South India as a Netherlands fleet commanded by Admiral Adam Westerwolt decimates the Portuguese fleet.
**A fleet of 80 ...
)
*
May 30 –
Roeloff Swartwout
Roelof Swartwout (June 1, 1634 – May 30, 1715) was a landowner, schout/magistrate, early settler of New Netherland, and the founder of Kingston, New York and Hurley, New York.
Early life
Swartwout was born in Amsterdam, Holland, 1634, the seco ...
, American city founder in New York (b.
1634)
*
June 19 –
Nicolas Lemery, French chemist (b.
1645)
*
June 25 –
Jean-Baptiste du Casse
Jean-Baptiste du Casse (2 August 1646 – 25 June 1715) was a French privateer, admiral, and colonial administrator who served throughout the Atlantic World during the 17th and 18th centuries. Likely born 2 August 1646 in Saubusse, near Pau ...
, French admiral and buccaneer (b.
1646)
*
July 5 –
Charles Ancillon
Charles Ancillon (28 July 16595 July 1715)"Ancillon, Charles" in ''The New Encyclopædia Britannica''. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 15th edn., 1992, Vol. 1, p. 378. was a French jurist and diplomat.
Life
Ancillon was born in Metz int ...
, French Huguenot pastor (b.
1659)
*
July 28 –
Jakub Kresa
Jakub Kresa ( es, Jacobo Kresa, la, Jacobo Kreysa; 19 July 1648 – 28 July 1715) was a Czech mathematician. He was one of the most important Czech mathematicians of the Baroque era.
Biography
Early life
Jakub Kresa was born into a smallholder ...
, Czech mathematician (b.
1648)
*
July 30
Events Pre-1600
* 762 – Baghdad is founded.
* 1419 – First Defenestration of Prague: A crowd of radical Hussites kill seven members of the Prague city council.
* 1502 – Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay Is ...
–
Nahum Tate, Irish poet (b.
1652
Events
January–March
* January 8 – Michiel de Ruyter marries the widow Anna van Gelder and plans retirement, but months later becomes a vice-commodore in the First Anglo-Dutch War.
* February 4 – At Edinburgh, the parl ...
)
*
August 21 –
Countess Johanna Magdalene of Hanau-Lichtenberg
Countess Johanna Magdalene of Hanau-Lichtenberg (18 December 1660, Bischofsheim am Hohen Steg – 21 August 1715, Hanau) was a daughter of Johann Reinhard II of Hanau-Lichtenberg (1628–1666) and the Countess Palatine Anna Magdalena of Birkenfel ...
, German countess (b.
1660
Events
January–March
* January 1
** At daybreak, English Army Colonel George Monck, with two brigades of troops from his Scottish occupational force, fords the River Tweed at Coldstream in Scotland to cross the border into Englan ...
)
*
September 1
**
François Girardon, French sculptor (b.
1628)
** King
Louis XIV of France
, house = Bourbon
, father = Louis XIII
, mother = Anne of Austria
, birth_date =
, birth_place = Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France
, death_date =
, death_place = Palace of ...
(b.
1638
Events January–March
* January 4 –
**A naval battle takes place in the Indian Ocean off of the coast of Goa at South India as a Netherlands fleet commanded by Admiral Adam Westerwolt decimates the Portuguese fleet.
**A fleet of 80 ...
)
*
September 24 –
Wilhelm Homberg, Dutch alchemist (b.
1652
Events
January–March
* January 8 – Michiel de Ruyter marries the widow Anna van Gelder and plans retirement, but months later becomes a vice-commodore in the First Anglo-Dutch War.
* February 4 – At Edinburgh, the parl ...
)
*
October 13 –
Nicolas Malebranche, French philosopher (b.
1638
Events January–March
* January 4 –
**A naval battle takes place in the Indian Ocean off of the coast of Goa at South India as a Netherlands fleet commanded by Admiral Adam Westerwolt decimates the Portuguese fleet.
**A fleet of 80 ...
)
*
October 14
Events Pre-1600
*1066 – The Norman conquest of England begins with the Battle of Hastings.
*1322 – Robert the Bruce of Scotland defeats King Edward II of England at the Battle of Old Byland, forcing Edward to accept Scotland's ...
–
Thomas Tenison
Thomas Tenison (29 September 163614 December 1715) was an English church leader, Archbishop of Canterbury from 1694 until his death. During his primacy, he crowned two British monarchs.
Life
He was born at Cottenham, Cambridgeshire, the son a ...
,
Archbishop of Canterbury (b.
1636)
*
October 15 –
Humphry Ditton, English mathematician (b.
1675
Events
January–March
* January 5 – Franco-Dutch War – Battle of Turckheim: The French defeat Austria and Brandenburg.
* January 29 – John Sassamon, an English-educated Native American Christian, dies at A ...
)
*
October 17 –
Ernest, Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (b.
1655)
*
October 30 –
Juliane Louise of East Frisia, Princess of East Frisia (b.
1657
Events
January–March
* January 8 – Miles Sindercombe and his group of disaffected Levellers are betrayed, in their attempt to assassinate Oliver Cromwell, by blowing up the Palace of Whitehall in London, and arrested.
* Febru ...
)
*
October 31 –
Elisha Cooke, Sr.
Elisha Cooke (September 16, 1637 – October 31, 1715) was a wealthy Massachusetts physician, politician, and businessman who was elected Speaker of the Massachusetts Bay Assembly in 1683. He was the leader of the "popular party", a faction in t ...
, Massachusetts colonial politician and judge (b.
1637)
*
November –
Mirwais Hotak
Mir Ways ibn Shah 'Alam, also known as Mirwais Khan Hotak ( Pashto/ Dari: ) (1673–1715) was an Afghan ruler from the Ghilji tribe of Kandahar, Afghanistan, and the founder of the Hotak dynasty.
In 1709, after overthrowing and assassinating ...
, Pashtun emir, and founder of the
Hotaki Dynasty (b.
1673
Events
January–March
* January 22 – Impostor Mary Carleton is hanged at Newgate Prison in London, for multiple thefts and returning from penal transportation.
* February 10 – Molière's ''comédie-ballet'' ''The Imagi ...
)
*
November 24 –
Hedwig Eleonora of Holstein-Gottorp, queen consort of King Charles X of Sweden (b.
1636)
*
December 9 –
Benedetto Gennari II
Benedetto Gennari II (October 19, 1633 – December 9, 1715) was an Italian painter active during the Baroque period.
Biography
Belonging to a dynasty of painters, Gennari was a student of Guercino, the grandson of Benedetto Gennari, and olde ...
, Italian painter (b.
1633)
*
December 15
Events Pre-1600
* 533 – Vandalic War: Byzantine general Belisarius defeats the Vandals, commanded by King Gelimer, at the Battle of Tricamarum.
* 687 – Pope Sergius I is elected as a compromise between antipopes Paschal and Theodo ...
–
George Hickes, English minister and scholar (b.
1642)
*
December 28
**
William Carstares, Scottish clergyman (b.
1649)
**
Joanna Koerten, Dutch painter (b.
1650)
* ''date unknown'' –
Elizabeth Boutell
Elizabeth Boutell (early 1650s?—1715), was a British actress.
Life
She joined, soon after its formation, the company at the Theatre Royal, subsequently known as Drury Lane, and was accordingly one of the first women to appear on the English s ...
, British stage actor (b.
1650)
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:1715