1618 In The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth

Events

January–June

* February 26 – Osman II deposes his uncle Mustafa I as Ottoman sultan (until 1622).
* March 8 – Johannes Kepler discovers the Kepler's laws of planetary motion, third law of planetary motion (after some initial calculations, he soon rejects the idea, but on May 15 confirms the discovery).
* April 21 – Spanish-born Jesuit missionary Pedro Páez becomes (probably) the first European to see and describe the source of the Blue Nile in Ethiopia.
* May 23 – The Defenestrations of Prague, Second Defenestration of Prague – Protestant noblemen hold a mock trial, and throw two direct representatives of Ferdinand II of Germany (Imperial Governors) and their scribe out of a window into a pile of manure, exacerbating a low-key rebellion into the Thirty Years' War#1618–1621, Bohemian Revolt (1618–1621), precipitating the Thirty Years' War into armed conflict, and further polarizing Europe on religious grounds.
* June 14 – Joris Veseler prints the first Dutch newspaper ''Courante uyt Italien, Duytslandt, &c.'' in Amsterdam (approximate date).
* July 20 – Pluto reaches its second most recent aphelion, according to sophisticated mathematical calculations. The next one occurs in 1866, and the following one will occur in 2113.

July–December

* August 29 – Johan van Oldenbarnevelt and Hugo Grotius are imprisoned by Maurice, Prince of Orange.
* September 4 – Rodi avalanche: A Rockslide, rock- or snowslide buries the Alps, Alpine town of Piuro, claiming 2,427 victims.
* September 18 – Beginning of the 13th Baktun, in the Mesoamerican Long Count calendar (12.0.0.0.0).
* September 19–November 21 – Thirty Years' War: The Siege of Pilsen takes place.
* September 28 – The Battle of Orynin takes place.
* October 9 – Residents of Mogilev revolt against Uniate bishop Josaphat Kuntsevych.
* October 29 – England, English adventurer, writer and courtier Sir Walter Raleigh is beheaded at the Palace of Westminster, for allegedly conspiring treasonably against James I of England in 1603, following pressure from the Spanish government, over his attack on their settlement on the Orinoco, on his last (1617–18) voyage.
* November 13 – The Synod of Dort has its first meeting.
* December 11 – Russia and Poland sign the Truce of Deulino.

Date unknown

* The margraves of Brandenburg are granted Poland, Polish approval to inherit the Duchy of Prussia, creating the state of Brandenburg-Prussia.
* The 3,000 seat Teatro Farnese, the first permanent proscenium theatre, is built into the Great Hall of the Palazzo della Pilotta in Parma, Italy.
* The Ming dynasty, Ming Chinese embassy of the Wanli Emperor presents tea to the Russian tsar.

Births

January–March

* January 1 ''(bapt.)'' – Bartolomé Esteban Murillo, Spanish painter (d. 1682)
* January 2 – Jean Hamon (doctor), Jean Hamon, French doctor and writer (d. 1687)
* January 3 – Jean Crasset, French Jesuit theologian (d. 1692)
* January 8 – Madeleine Béjart, French actress and theatre director (d. 1672)
* January 14 – Jan Six, important cultural figure in the Dutch Golden Age (d. 1700)
* January 25 – Nicolaes Visscher I, Dutch engraver, cartographer and publisher (d. 1679)
* January 28 – James Ley, 3rd Earl of Marlborough, English nobleman, sailor, and mathematician (d. 1665)
* January 29 – Jean Paul Médaille, French Jesuit missionary (d. 1689)
* February 12 – Olaus Verelius, scholar of Old Norse and Scandinavian studies (d. 1682)
* February 17 – Matthias Abele, Austrian jurist, mine official (d. 1677)
* February 19 – Johannes Phocylides Holwarda, Dutch astronomer (d. 1651)
* March 4 – George Louis, Prince of Nassau-Dillenburg, German noble (d. 1656)
* March 19 – Thomas Hinckley, last colonial governor of Plymouth Colony (d. 1706)

April–June

* April 2 – Francesco Maria Grimaldi, Italian mathematician and physicist (d. 1663)
* April 4 – Ferrante III Gonzaga, Duke of Guastalla, Italian noble (d. 1678)
* April 9 – Christian, Duke of Brieg, Duke of Legnica (1663–1672) and Brieg (1664–1672) (d. 1672)
* April 13 – Roger de Rabutin, Comte de Bussy, French writer (d. 1693)
* April 14 – Thomas Moore (died 1695), Thomas Moore, English politician (d. 1695)
* April 29 – Vittoria Farnese d'Este, Duchess of Modena and Reggio (d. 1649)
* May 22 – Henrik Horn, Swedish military leader and noble (d. 1693)
* June 1 – Johann Franck, German poet and hymnist (d. 1677)
* June 15
** François Blondel, French architect (d. 1686)
** Ippolito Lante Montefeltro della Rovere, Italian nobleman and Duke of Bomarzo (d. 1688)
* June 24 – Philip Packer, British barrister and architect (d. 1686)
* June 28 – Jean Le Pautre, French designer and engraver (d. 1682)

July–September

* July 6 – Alexander Lindsay, 1st Earl of Balcarres, Scottish politician and noble (d. 1659)
* July 17
** Willem Ogier, Flemish playwright (d. 1689)
** George Stewart, 9th Seigneur d'Aubigny, Scottish nobleman and military commander (d. 1642)
* July 21 – Hayashi Gahō, Japanese philosopher (d. 1688)
* July 22 – Johan Nieuhof, Dutch traveler who wrote about his journeys to Brazil (d. 1672)
* September 6 – Walter Hoyt, Connecticut settler (d. 1698)
* September 9 – Joan Cererols, Catalan musician and Benedictine monk (d. 1680)
* September 11 – Francesco Grue, Italian artist (d. 1673)
* September 14 – Peter Lely, Dutch painter (d. 1680)
* September 27 – Jacob Alting, Dutch linguist (d. 1679)
* September 29 – Michiel Sweerts, Flemish painter (d. 1664)

October–December

* October 8 – Claude Lamoral, 3rd Prince of Ligne, Spanish general and prince (d. 1679)
* October 7 – Rosina Schnorr, German businessperson (d. 1679)
* October 31 – Mariana de Jesús de Paredes, Catholic saint, the first person to be canonized from Ecuador (d. 1645)
* November – Simon Arnauld, Marquis de Pomponne, French diplomat and minister of Louis XIV of France, Louis XIV (d. 1699)
* November 1 – Sir John Wittewrong, 1st Baronet, English parliamentarian (d. 1693)
* November 3 – Aurangzeb, Mughal emperor of India (d. 1707)
* November 8 – Louise de La Fayette, French courtier, friend of King Louis XIII (d. 1665)
* November 12 – Gottfried Welsch, German physician (d. 1690)
* November 16 – Johann Ludwig Schönleben, Carniolan priest (d. 1681)
* November 26 – Johan Frederik von Marschalck, German-born landowner, Chancellor of Norway (d. 1679)
* December 2
** Edward Bayntun (died 1679), Edward Bayntun, English politician (d. 1679)
** Nicholas Delves, English politician (d. 1690)
* December 3 – Sir William Ayloffe, 3rd Baronet, officer in the Royalist army during the English Civil War (d. 1662)
* December 18 – Karl Kaspar von der Leyen, German Catholic archbishop (d. 1676)
* December 26 – Elisabeth of the Palatinate, German princess, philosopher, and Calvinist (d. 1680)
* December 28 – Catharina Hooft, noblewoman of the Dutch Golden Age (d. 1691)

Date unknown

* Athittayawong, Ayutthayan monarch (d. 1629)
* Henry Bennet, 1st Earl of Arlington, English politician (member of the Cabal) d. 1685)

Deaths

January–March

* January 6 – Margherita Gonzaga, Duchess of Ferrara (b. 1564)
* January 19 – Jacobus Zaffius, Dutch Catholic provost (b. 1535)
* January 24 – Henry Brooke, 11th Baron Cobham, English peer and traitor (b. 1564)
* January 29 – John Dackombe, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (b. 1570)
* February 3 – Philip II, Duke of Pomerania-Stettin (b. 1573)
* February 10 – Feliks Kryski, Grand Chancellor of Poland (b. 1562)
* February 14 – Paolo Emilio Sfondrati, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1560)
* February 20 – Philip William, Prince of Orange, eldest son of William the Silent, by his first wife Anna van Egmont (b. 1554)
* February 25 – Elizabeth Spencer, Baroness Hunsdon, English baroness (b. 1552)
* February 27 – Anne Lyon, Countess of Kinghorne, Scottish countess (b. 1579)
* March 5
** John, Duke of Östergötland (b. 1589)
** Countess Palatine Barbara of Zweibrücken-Neuburg and by marriage Countess of Oettingen-Oettingen (b. 1559)
* March 14 – Nadira Banu Begum, Mughal princess (d. 1659)
* March 16 – Giovanni Bembo, Doge of Venice (b. 1543)
* March 23 – James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Abercorn, Scottish politician (b. c. 1575)
* March 26 – Frederick Magnus, Count of Erbach-Fürstenau (1606–1618) (b. 1575)
* March 31 – Pedro Cornejo de Pedrosa, Spanish theologian (b. 1536)

April–June

* April – Chief Powhatan (proper name Wahunsenacawh), Algonquin (indigenous American) leader, father of Pocahontas (b. c. 1547)
* April 5 – Robert Barker (MP for Colchester), Robert Barker, English politician (b. 1563)
* April 14 – Giovanni Battista Zuccato, Italian Catholic prelate, Bishop of Nusco (1607–1614) (b. 1543)
* April 18 – Marie of the Incarnation (Carmelite), Marie of the Incarnation, Carmelite (b. 1566)
* May 9 – Nicolò Donato, Doge of Venice (b. 1539)
* May 24 – John George I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau (1603–1618) (b. 1567)
* May 31 – Sabina Catharina of East Frisia, Countess of Rietberg (1586–1618) (b. 1582)
* June 7 – Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr, English Governor of Virginia (b. 1577)
* June 21 – Kasper Hassler, German musician (b. 1562)

July–September

* July 20 – James Montague (bishop), James Montague, British bishop (b. 1568)
* July 24 – Nicolò Rusca, Italian priest who served in Como (b. 1563)
* July 26 – Martinus Smiglecius, Polish philosopher (b. 1564)
* August 7 – Princess Maria Elizabeth of Sweden, Swedish princess (b. 1596)
* August 23 – Gerbrand Adriaenszoon Bredero, Dutch writer (b. 1585)
* August 28 – Albert Frederick, Duke of Prussia (b. 1553)
* September 3 – Frederik van den Bergh (1559–1618), Frederik van den Bergh, Dutch soldier in the Eighty Years' War (b. 1559)
* September 28 – Joshua Sylvester, English poet (b. 1563)

October–December

* October 12 – Jakob Rem, Austrian Jesuit (b. 1546)
* October 24 – Elisabeth of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (1567–1618), Elisabeth of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, German noblewoman (b. 1567)
* October 29 – Sir Walter Raleigh, English soldier, politician, courtier, explorer, Virginia settler, historian, poet and spy (executed) (b. 1552 of 1554)
* October 30
** Charles, Margrave of Burgau, German nobleman (b. 1560)
** Prospero Farinacci, Italian jurist (b. 1554)
* November 2 – Maximilian III, Archduke of Austria (b. 1558)
* November 14 – Anna Maria of Brandenburg, Duchess Consort of Pomerania (b. 1567)
* December 6 – Jacques Davy Duperron, French cardinal (b. 1556)
* December 7 – Bernardo de Sandoval y Rojas, Spanish Catholic cardinal, Grand Inquisitor (b. 1546)
* December 9 – Valentine Knightley (died 1618), Valentine Knightley, English politician (b. 1555)
* December 10 – Giulio Caccini, Italian composer (b. 1551)
* December 14 – Anna of Tyrol, Holy Roman Empress (b. 1585)
* December 17 – Roger Puleston, Welsh politician (b. 1565)

Date unknown

* Ebba Bielke, Swedish baroness and conspirator (b. 1570)
*Christina Rauscher, German official and critic of witchcraft persecutions (b. 1570)

References

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