Year 1343 ( MCCCXLIII) was a

common year starting on Wednesday A common year starting on Wednesday is any non-leap year (a year with 365 days) that begins on Wednesday, 1 January, and ends on Wednesday, 31 December. Its dominical letter hence is E. The most recent year of such kind was 2014, and the next one ...

(link will display the full calendar) of the

Julian calendar The Julian calendar, proposed by Roman consul Julius Caesar in 46 BC, was a reform of the Roman calendar. It took effect on , by edict. It was designed with the aid of Greek mathematicians and astronomers such as Sosigenes of Alexandr ...

Events

January–December

* January 14 – Arnošt of Pardubice becomes the last bishop of Prague and, subsequently, the first Archbishop of Prague. * January 27 –

Pope Clement VI Pope Clement VI ( la, Clemens VI; 1291 – 6 December 1352), born Pierre Roger, was head of the Catholic Church from 7 May 1342 to his death in December 1352. He was the fourth Avignon pope. Clement reigned during the first visitation of the Bl ...

issues his bull ''Unigenitus'', defining the doctrine of "The Treasury of Merits" or "The Treasury of the Church" as the basis for the issuance of

indulgence In the teaching of the Catholic Church, an indulgence (, from , 'permit') is "a way to reduce the amount of punishment one has to undergo for sins". The ''Catechism of the Catholic Church'' describes an indulgence as "a remission before God of ...

s by the Catholic Church. * April 23 – The St. George's Night Uprising begins in

Estonia Estonia, formally the Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, a ...

. *

May 4 Events Pre-1600 * 1256 – The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV issues a papal bull ''Licet ecclesiae catholicae''. * 1415 – Religious reformers John Wycliffe and Jan Hus ar ...

– St. George's Night Uprising: The "Four Estonian kings" are murdered, at the negotiations with the Livonian Order. *

August 15 Events Pre-1600 * 636 – Arab–Byzantine wars: The Battle of Yarmouk between the Byzantine Empire and the Rashidun Caliphate begins. * 717 – Arab–Byzantine wars: Maslama ibn Abd al-Malik begins the Second Arab Siege of Const ...

–

Magnus IV of Sweden Magnus IV (April or May 1316 – 1 December 1374; Swedish ''Magnus Eriksson'') was King of Sweden from 1319 to 1364, King of Norway as Magnus VII (including Iceland and Greenland) from 1319 to 1355, and ruler of Scania from 1332 to 1360. By ...

abdicates from the throne of

Norway Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland territory of which comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and the ...

, in favor of his son

Haakon VI of Norway Haakon VI of Norway ( no, Håkon, sv, Håkan; August 1340 – 11 September 1380), also known as ''Håkan Magnusson'', was King of Norway from 1343 until his death and King of Sweden between 1362 and 1364. He is sometimes known as ''Haakon Magnus ...

. However, Haakon is still a minor, allowing Magnus to remain

de facto ''De facto'' ( ; , "in fact") describes practices that exist in reality, whether or not they are officially recognized by laws or other formal norms. It is commonly used to refer to what happens in practice, in contrast with ''de jure'' ("by la ...

ruler. *

August 31 Events Pre-1600 * 1056 – After a sudden illness a few days previously, Byzantine Empress Theodora dies childless, thus ending the Macedonian dynasty. * 1057 – Abdication of Byzantine Emperor Michael VI Bringas after just one year ...

– A naval league is formed between the Pope, the

Republic of Venice The Republic of Venice ( vec, Repùblega de Venèsia) or Venetian Republic ( vec, Repùblega Vèneta, links=no), traditionally known as La Serenissima ( en, Most Serene Republic of Venice, italics=yes; vec, Serenìsima Repùblega de Venèsia, ...

, the

Knights Hospitaller The Order of Knights of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem ( la, Ordo Fratrum Hospitalis Sancti Ioannis Hierosolymitani), commonly known as the Knights Hospitaller (), was a medieval and early modern Catholic military order. It was headq ...

and the

Kingdom of Cyprus The Kingdom of Cyprus (french: Royaume de Chypre, la, Regnum Cypri) was a state that existed between 1192 and 1489. It was ruled by the French House of Lusignan. It comprised not only the island of Cyprus, but it also had a foothold on the Ana ...

, to prepare the Smyrniote Crusades. *

November 25 Events Pre-1600 *571 BC – Servius Tullius, king of Rome, celebrates the first of his three triumphs for his victory over the Etruscans. *1034 – Máel Coluim mac Cináeda, King of Scots, dies. His grandson, Donnchad, son of Bethó ...

– A

tsunami A tsunami ( ; from ja, 津波, lit=harbour wave, ) is a series of waves in a water body caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, generally in an ocean or a large lake. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and other underwater exp ...

, caused by an

earthquake An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is the shaking of the surface of the Earth resulting from a sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves. Earthquakes can range in intensity, fr ...

, devastates the Maritime Republic of Amalfi, among other places.

Date unknown

Tsar Dušan Tsar ( or ), also spelled ''czar'', ''tzar'', or ''csar'', is a title used by East and South Slavic monarchs. The term is derived from the Latin word ''caesar'', which was intended to mean "emperor" in the European medieval sense of the ter ...

conquers Albania.

Births

December 19 Events Pre-1600 * 1154 – Henry II of England is crowned at Westminster Abbey. * 1187 – Pope Clement III is elected. * 1490 – Anne, Duchess of Brittany, is married to Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor by proxy. * 1562 &ndas ...

–

William I, Margrave of Meissen William I, the one-eyed, (19 December 1343, Dresden – 9 February 1407, Schloss Grimma) was Margrave of Meissen. His nickname is related to the legend that Saint Benno appeared to him because of his disputes with the Church in a dream and h ...

(d.

1407 Year 1407 ( MCDVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * April 10 – After several invitations by the Yongle Emperor of China since 1403 ...

) * ''date unknown'' **

Emperor Chōkei was the 98th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. He reigned from 1368 through 1383. His personal name was Yutanari (寛成) and his regal name roughly translates to "Long Celebration". Genealogy His father was ...

of Japan (d.

1394 Year 1394 ( MCCCXCIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * February 28 – Richard II of England grants Geoffrey Chaucer 20 pounds a year for life, for h ...

) **

Constance of Aragon Constance of Aragon (1179 – 23 June 1222) was an Aragonese infanta who was by marriage firstly Queen of Hungary, and secondly Queen of Germany and Sicily and Holy Roman Empress. She was regent of Sicily from 1212 to 1220. She was the second c ...

, queen consort of Sicily (d.

1363 Year 1363 ( MCCCLXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * April 9 – Haakon VI of Norway marries Margaret I of Denmark. * August – T ...

) **

Thomas Percy, 1st Earl of Worcester Thomas Percy, Earl of Worcester, KG (134323 July 1403) was an English medieval nobleman and naval commander best known for leading the rebellion with his nephew Henry Percy, known as 'Harry Hotspur', and his elder brother, Henry Percy, 1st Ear ...

, English rebel (d.

1403 Year 1403 ( MCDIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * January / February – Treaty of Gallipoli: Süleyman Çelebi makes wide-ranging c ...

) **

Nang Keo Phimpha Nang Keo Phimpha ( lo, ນາງແກ້ວພິມພາ) (1343–1438), an epithet meaning literally "''The Cruel''",René de Berval: ''Kingdom of Laos: the land of the million elephants and of the white parasol'' France-Asie, 1959 p.27 was Qu ...

, queen of

Lan Xang existed as a unified kingdom from 1353 to 1707. For three and a half centuries, Lan Xang was one of the largest kingdoms in Southeast Asia. The meaning of the kingdom's name alludes to the power of the kingship and formidable war machine of the ea ...

(d.

1438 Year 1438 ( MCDXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * January 1 – Albert II of Habsburg becomes King of Hungary. * January 9 ...

) ** Tommaso Mocenigo, doge of Venice (d. 1423) ** Paolo Alboino della Scala, lord of Verona (d.

1375 Year 1375 ( MCCCLXXV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * April 14 – The Mamluks from Egypt complete their conquest of the Armenian Kingdo ...

) ** Alexander Stewart, Earl of Buchan, Scottish ruler (d. 1405)Grant, Alexander. "Alexander Stewart", ''ODNB''. * ''probable'' ** Geoffrey Chaucer, English poet (approximate date) (d.

1400 Year 1400 (Roman numerals, MCD) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The year 1400 was not a leap year in the Proleptic Gregorian calendar. Events January–December * Henry ...

)

Deaths

* January 20 –

Robert of Naples Robert of Anjou ( it, Roberto d'Angiò), known as Robert the Wise ( it, Roberto il Saggio; 1276 – 20 January 1343), was King of Naples, titular King of Jerusalem and Count of Provence and Forcalquier from 1309 to 1343, the central figure of I ...

(b.

1276 Year 1276 ( MCCLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * Spring – Sultan Abu Yusuf Yaqub ibn Abd al-Haqq and Muhammad II, ruler of Granad ...

) *

May 29 Events Pre-1600 * 363 – The Roman emperor Julian defeats the Sasanian army in the Battle of Ctesiphon, under the walls of the Sasanian capital, but is unable to take the city. * 1108 – Battle of Uclés: Almoravid troops under ...

– Francesco I Manfredi, lord of Faenza *

June 22 Events Pre-1600 * 217 BC – Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV Philopator of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom. * 168 BC – Battle of Pydna: Romans under Lucius Aemilius Paullus defeat Macedonian King Perseus ...

– Aimone, Count of Savoy (b.

1291 Year 1291 ( MCCXCI) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * August 1 – Federal Charter of 1291: The "three forest cantons" (''Waldstätte'' ...

) * June 23 –

Giacomo Gaetani Stefaneschi Giacomo Gaetani Stefaneschi (c. 1270 – 23 June 1343) was an Italian cardinal deacon. Life Born in Rome, he was the son of the senator Pietro Stefaneschi and his wife, Perna Orsini. He received his early education at Rome, and was sent t ...

, Italian cardinal (b. c.

1270 Year 1270 ( MCCLXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar, the 1270th year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 270th year of the 2nd millennium, the 70th ...

) *

September 16 Events Pre-1600 * 681 – Pope Honorius I is posthumously excommunicated by the Sixth Ecumenical Council. *1400 – Owain Glyndŵr is declared Prince of Wales by his followers. 1601–1900 *1620 – A determined band of 35 religio ...

–

Philip III of Navarre Philip III ( eu, Filipe, es, Felipe, french: Philippe; 27 March 1306 – 16 September 1343), called the Noble or the Wise, was King of Navarre from 1328 until his death. He was born a minor member of the French royal family but gained prominen ...

(b.

1306 Year 1306 ( MCCCVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place England * February 10 – Robert the Bruce murders John Comyn III (the Red), Scottish nobl ...

) *

December 15 Events Pre-1600 * 533 – Vandalic War: Byzantine general Belisarius defeats the Vandals, commanded by King Gelimer, at the Battle of Tricamarum. * 687 – Pope Sergius I is elected as a compromise between antipopes Paschal and Theodor ...

–

Hasan Kucek Hasan Kuchak or Ḥasan-i Kūchik (; 1319 – 15 December 1343) was a Chupanid prince during the 14th century. He is credited with setting up a nearly independent Chupanid state in Iran during the struggles taking place in the aftermath of the I ...

, Chobanid prince (b. c. 1319) * ''date unknown'' ** Sir Ulick Burke, Irish nobleman ** Anne of Austria, Duchess of Bavaria (b.

1318 Year 1318 ( MCCCXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * March – King Birger of Sweden is deposed, and forced to flee to Denmark (alter ...

) **

Veera Ballala III Veera Ballala III (r. 1292–1342) was the last great king of the Hoysala Empire. During his rule, the northern and southern branches of the Hoysala empire (which included much of modern Karnataka and northern Tamil Nadu) were consolidated and ...

, ruler of the Hoysala Empire (b.

)

References

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