1275 In England

Events from the 1270s in England.

Incumbents

*Monarch – Henry III (to 16 November 1272), Edward I

Events

* 1270
** April – Parliament levies a property tax to support the Eighth Crusade.
** 9 September – William Chillenden elected to the Archbishopric of Canterbury.
** 20 August – Prince Edward sets out on Lord Edward's crusade (the Ninth) with his wife Eleanor of Castile.
** Edmund, 2nd Earl of Cornwall, Edmund, Earl of Cornwall, donates to the Cistercian Hailes Abbey near Winchcombe in Gloucestershire (his father's foundation) a phial held to contain the Blood of Christ, acquired in the Holy Roman Empire; this becomes such a magnet for pilgrimage that within 7 years the monks are able to rebuild their abbey on a magnificent scale.
** Battle of Áth an gCeap, Battle of Áth-an-Chip: The army of the Irish Kingdom of Connacht routs the English army near Carrick-on-Shannon.
* 1271
** 9 May – Prince Edward arrives in Acre, Israel, Acre, starting Lord Edward's crusade (the Ninth) against Mamluk sultan Baibars.
* 1272
** 12 May – Lord Edward's crusade is concluded by the Treaty of Caesarea.
** June – an attempt is made on the life of Prince Edward at Acre, Israel, Acre; he kills the would-be assassin but receives a festering wound from a poisoned dagger.
** Summer – Pope Gregory X sets aside the election of William Chilldenden to the Archbishopric of Canterbury.
** 24 September – Prince Edward leaves Acre for Sicily.
** 11 October – Robert Kilwardby enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury.
** 16 November – King Henry III dies; Prince Edward (at this time in Sicily) succeeds him as Edward I of England and is proclaimed king.
** Court of Common Pleas (England), Court of Common Pleas established as a permanent body, and receives its first chief justice (Gilbert of Preston).
** Worshipful Company of Cordwainers and Worshipful Company of Curriers, Curriers granted rights to regulate the leather trade in the City of London; Worshipful Company of Fishmongers, Fishmongers Company chartered.
* 1273
** Edward, making a protracted return from Sicily, visits Pope Gregory X and pays Homage (feudal), homage to Philip III of France.
* 1274
** 2 August – Edward I returns to England from Lord Edward's crusade, his crusade.
** 19 August – coronation of Edward I at Westminster Abbey.
** August – Merton College, Oxford, receives its statutes, the first English university college to do so.
** The Hundred Rolls are commissioned, enquiring into the rights of English landowners.
* 1275
** 22 April – Edward I of England, Edward I's first Parliament of England, parliament meets and passes the first Statute of Westminster 1275, Statute of Westminster, codifying the existing law in England, in 51 chapters of Norman language, Norman French, and defining legal privileges.
** May – Parliament imposes the first regular Tariff, customs duty on wool and leather.
** 11 September – 1275 British earthquake, an earthquake in southern England damages churches at Glastonbury and is felt across the country.
** Llywelyn ap Gruffudd refuses to pay homage to Edward I; Llywelyn's proxy bride Eleanor de Montfort, Princess of Wales, Eleanor de Montfort (Edward's cousin) is captured at sea off the south-west of England and held prisoner at Windsor Castle as a bargaining counter for Llywelyn's compliance.
** Statute of the Jewry forbids Jews from charging interest on loans.
* 1276
** November – Edward I invades Wales.
** Merton College, Oxford, is first recorded as having a collection of books, making its Merton College Library, Library the world's oldest in continuous daily use.
* 1277
** 9 November – Treaty of Aberconwy by which Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, Llywelyn was to retain control of Gwynedd in return for paying homage to England while Edward I of England, Edward was to rule the remainder of Wales.
**Saint George's Cross, St George's Cross is first recorded in use as the national flag of England.
* 1278
** June or July – Robert Burnell elected to the Archbishopric of Canterbury.
** 7 August – Statute of Gloucester defines competences of local courts and establishes legal procedures for claiming a right to privileges.
** 13 October – the King allows his cousin Eleanor de Montfort, Princess of Wales, Eleanor de Montfort to marry Llywelyn ap Gruffudd at Worcester Cathedral.
** 17 November – all Jews in England imprisoned on suspicion of Methods of coin debasement, coin clipping.
* 1279
** January – Pope Nicholas III quashes the election of Robert Burnell to the Archbishopric of Canterbury.
** 25 January – John Peckham enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury against the wishes of the Edward I of England, King.
** The first of the Statutes of Mortmain prevents land from passing into possession of the church.
** December – new coinage issued, including the first groat (coin), groats and round Farthing (British coin), farthings and a new silver Halfpenny (British pre-decimal coin), halfpenny.
** Itinerant royal judges are ordered to inquire into confederacies against justice, thus effectively making Conspiracy (criminal), conspiracy a crime.
** The Royal Mint moves to the Tower of London by this year.
** Further round of Hundred Rolls commissioned.

Births

* 1270
** Approximate date – Andrew Harclay, 1st Earl of Carlisle, military leader (executed 1320s in England, 1323)
* 1272
** April – Joan of Acre, daughter of King Edward I (died 1300s in England, 1307)
* 1273
** 24 November – Alphonso, Earl of Chester, son of Edward I (died 1280s in England, 1284)
* 1274
** Approximate date – Adam Murimuth, ecclesiastic and chronicler (died 1340s in England, 1347)
* 1275
** 15 March – Margaret of England, Duchess of Brabant, daughter of King Edward I (died after 1333)
** 18 August – Bartholomew Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere, Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere (died 1322)
** Approximate date – Aymer de Valence, 2nd Earl of Pembroke (died 1320s in England, 1324)
* 1276
** Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford (died in battle 1322)
* 1278
** 11 March – Mary of Woodstock, daughter of King Edward I, nun (died by 1332)
** Approximate date – Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster, politician (executed 1322)
* 1279
** Approximate date – Margaret of France, Queen of England, Marguerite of France, daughter of Philip III of France and Queen consort of Edward I of England (died 1310s in England, 1318)

Deaths

* 1270
** 18 July – Boniface of Savoy (bishop), Boniface of Savoy, Archbishop of Canterbury, (born c. 1217)
** Roger Bigod, 4th Earl of Norfolk (born 1210s in England, 1212)
* 1271
** 13 March – Henry of Almain, crusader (born 1230s in England, 1235)
** Richard de Grey, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports (year of birth unknown)
* 1272
** 18 March – John Fitzalan, 7th Earl of Arundel, John FitzAlan, 7th Earl of Arundel (born 1240s in England, 1246)
** 2 April – Richard of Cornwall, Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall (born 1200s in England, 1209)
** 16 November – King Henry III (born 1200s in England, 1207)
** Bartholomeus Anglicus, Franciscan friar and encyclopedia author (born before 1203)
** Approximate date – William of Sherwood, logician (born c.1200s in England, 1200)
* 1275
** 26 February – Margaret of England, daughter of Henry III of England and consort of Alexander III of Scotland (born 1240s in England, 1240)
** 13 April – Eleanor of England, Countess of Leicester, Eleanor of England (born 1210s in England, 1215)
** 24 September – Humphrey de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford, Constable of England (born 1200s in England, 1208)
** Howden Minster#St John of Howden, John of Howden, canon and poet writing in Norman French and Latin
* 1277
** 27 October – Walter de Merton, Lord Chancellor and founder of Merton College, Oxford (born c. 1200s in England, 1205)
* 1279
** 11 September – Robert Kilwardby, Archbishop of Canterbury (born c. 1210s in England, 1215)
** Walter Giffard, Lord Chancellor and archbishop (year of birth unknown)

References

{{England year nav

1270s in England,