116th Congress

The 116th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the Senate and the House of Representatives. It convened in Washington, D.C., on January 3, 2019, and ended on January 3, 2021, during the final two years of Donald Trump's presidency. Senators elected to regular terms in 2014 finished their terms in this Congress, and House seats were apportioned based on the 2010 Census.

In the November 2018 midterm elections, the Democratic Party won a new majority in the House, while the Republican Party increased its majority in the Senate. Consequently, this was the first split Congress since the 113th Congress of 2013–2015, and the first Republican Senate–Democratic House split since the 99th Congress of 1985–1987. This Congress was the youngest incoming class by mean age, compared to the previous three the incoming class of freshman representatives, and the most demographically diverse in history.

Upon joining the Libertarian Party on May 1, 2020, Justin Amash became the first member of Congress to represent a political party other than the Democrats or the Republicans since Rep. William Carney, who served as a Conservative before switching to the Republican Party in 1985. Before joining the Libertarian Party, Amash had been serving as an independent since his departure from the Republican Party on July 4, 2019. Paul Mitchell also left the Republicans in December 2020, becoming an independent. Neither incumbent ran for re-election.

This is the most recent Congress to feature a Republican Senator from Arizona, Martha McSally, who lost an election to finish John McCain's term in the final weeks of the Congress.

Major events

* December 22, 2018 – January 25, 2019: 2018–2019 United States federal government shutdown
* February 5, 2019: 2019 State of the Union Address was delayed from January 29 due to the partial government shutdown.
* February 15, 2019: President Trump declared a National Emergency Concerning the Southern Border of the United States.
* February 27, 2019: Former Trump lawyer Michael Cohen testified before the House Oversight and Reform Committee.
* March 24, 2019: Mueller special counsel investigation: U.S. Attorney General William Barr issued a summary letter of special counsel Robert Mueller's report to congress on the investigation into Russian interference in the 2016 presidential election.
* July 24, 2019: Mueller special counsel investigation: Special counsel Robert Mueller testified before the House Judiciary and Intelligence committees.
* September 24, 2019: First impeachment of Donald Trump: House opened an Impeachment inquiry against Donald Trump after a whistleblower alleged the President abused his power in a phone call with the President of Ukraine.
* December 13, 2019: First impeachment of Donald Trump: House Judiciary Committee approved two impeachment articles.
* December 18, 2019: First impeachment of Donald Trump: House impeached President Trump.
* January 16, 2020 – February 5, 2020: First impeachment of Donald Trump: Impeachment trial of Donald Trump
* February 4, 2020: 2020 State of the Union Address
* March 11, 2020 – present: COVID-19 pandemic in the United States
* May 26, 2020 – present: Nationwide George Floyd protests
* August 18, 2020 – present: 2020 United States Postal Service crisis
* September 30, 2020 – January 20, 2021: White House COVID-19 outbreak
* October 26, 2020: The Senate confirmed Amy Coney Barrett to the United States Supreme Court.
* November 3, 2020: 2020 United States elections were held. Joe Biden was elected the 46th President of the United States and Kamala Harris was elected the 49th Vice President of the United States, the first woman to do so. Democrats retained control of the United States House of Representatives, while Republicans briefly retained control of the Senate until January 20, 2021, because Democrats won both regular and special Senate elections in Georgia on January 5, 2021.

Major legislation

Enacted

* January 16, 2019: Government Employee Fair Treatment Act
Pub.L. 116-1
* February 15, 2019: Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2019, ,
* March 12, 2019: John D. Dingell Jr. Conservation, Management, and Recreation Act, ,
* June 24, 2019: Pandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness and Advancing Innovation Act
Pub.L. 116-22
* July 1, 2019: Taxpayer First Act of 2019,
* July 29, 2019: Never Forget the Heroes: James Zadroga, Ray Pfeifer, and Luis Alvarez Permanent Authorization of the September 11th Victim Compensation Fund Act, ,
* November 27, 2019: Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act, ,
* December 20, 2019: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020, ,
* December 20, 2019: Setting Every Community Up for Retirement Enhancement (SECURE) Act as part of the Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020, ,
* January 29, 2020: United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement Implementation Act, ,
* Coronavirus relief acts:
** March 6, 2020: Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020, ,
** March 18, 2020: Families First Coronavirus Response Act, ,
** March 27, 2020: Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act), ,
** April 24, 2020: Paycheck Protection Program and Health Care Enhancement Act, ,
** December 27, 2020: Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021,
* March 26, 2020: Taiwan Allies International Protection and Enhancement Initiative Act, ,
* June 17, 2020: Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act, ,
* July 14, 2020: Hong Kong Autonomy Act, ,
* August 4, 2020: Great American Outdoors Act, ,
* October 10, 2020: Savanna's Act
Pub.L. 116-165

* January 1, 2021: William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021, , (passed over veto)
* January 13, 2021: Malala Yousafzai Scholarship Act
Pub.L. 116-338

Proposed (but not enacted)

* House Bills
** : For the People Act of 2019

H.R. 2
Moving Forward Act

H.R. 3
Elijah Cummings Lower Drug Costs Now Act of 2019

H.R. 4
John Lewis Voting Rights Act of 2019
** : Equality Act of 2019
**: American Dream and Promise Act of 2019
**: Paycheck Fairness Act of 2019
**: Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2019
** : DC Admission Act of 2019
** : SAFE Banking Act of 2019
** : Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2019
** : HEROES Act of 2019
** : Ending Qualified Immunity Act of 2019
** : George Floyd Justice in Policing Act of 2019
* Senate Bills
* House Joint Resolutions
** : "Opposing the decision to end certain United States efforts to prevent Turkish military operations against Syrian Kurdish forces in Northeast Syria"
** : "Removing the deadline for the ratification of the equal rights amendment"
* Passed, but vetoed
** March 15, 2019: : Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on February 15, 2019. (Vetoed)
** April 16, 2019: : A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities in the Republic of Yemen that have not been authorized by Congress. (Vetoed)

Major resolutions

Adopted

* October 31, 2019: Formally commencing an impeachment inquiry against Donald Trump,
* December 18, 2019: " Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors",

Proposed

* : "Recognizing the duty of the Federal Government to create a Green New Deal"

Party summary

: ''Resignations and new members are discussed in the "Changes in membership" section below.''

Senate

House of Representatives

Leadership

Senate

Presiding

* President of the Senate: Mike Pence (R)
* President pro tempore: Chuck Grassley (R)
* President pro tempore emeritus: Patrick Leahy (D)

Majority (Republican) leadership

* Senate Majority Leader: Mitch McConnell
* Senate Majority Whip: John Thune
* Chair of the Senate Republican Conference: John Barrasso
* Chair of the Senate Republican Policy Committee: Roy Blunt
* Vice Chair of the Senate Republican Conference: Joni Ernst
* Chair of the National Republican Senatorial Committee: Todd Young
* Chair of the Senate Republican Steering Committee: Mike Lee
* Senate Republican Chief Deputy Whip: Mike Crapo
* Senate Republican Deputy Whips: Roy Blunt, Shelley Moore Capito, John Cornyn, Cory Gardner, James Lankford, Martha McSally, Rob Portman, Mitt Romney, Tim Scott, Thom Tillis, and Todd Young

Minority (Democratic) leadership

* Senate Minority Leader and Chair of the Senate Democratic Caucus: Chuck Schumer
* Senate Minority Whip: Dick Durbin
* Senate Assistant Democratic Leader: Patty Murray
* Chair of the Senate Democratic Policy and Communications Committee: Debbie Stabenow
* Vice Chairs of the Senate Democratic Caucus: Mark Warner and Elizabeth Warren
* Chair of the Senate Democratic Steering Committee: Amy Klobuchar
* Chair of Senate Democratic Outreach: Bernie Sanders
* Vice Chair of the Senate Democratic Policy and Communications Committee: Joe Manchin
* Secretary of the Senate Democratic Caucus: Tammy Baldwin
* Chair of the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee: Catherine Cortez Masto
* Senate Democratic Chief Deputy Whips: Cory Booker, Jeff Merkley, and Brian Schatz

House of Representatives

Presiding

* Speaker of the House: Nancy Pelosi (D)

Majority (Democratic) leadership

* House Majority Leader: Steny Hoyer
* House Majority Whip: Jim Clyburn
* Assistant Speaker of the House: Ben Ray Luján
* Chair of the House Democratic Caucus: Hakeem Jeffries
* Vice Chair of the House Democratic Caucus: Katherine Clark
* Chair of the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee: Cheri Bustos
* Chair of the House Democratic Policy and Communications Committee: David Cicilline
* Co-Chairs of the House Democratic Policy and Communications Committee: Matt Cartwright, Debbie Dingell, and Ted Lieu
* House Democratic Junior Caucus Leadership Representative: Jamie Raskin
* House Democratic Freshman Class Leadership Representatives: Katie Hill , Veronica Escobar , and Joe Neguse
* Co-Chairs of the House Democratic Steering and Policy Committee: Rosa DeLauro, Barbara Lee, and Eric Swalwell
* House Democratic Assistant to the Majority Whip: Cedric Richmond
* House Democratic Senior Chief Deputy Whips: John Lewis and Jan Schakowsky
* House Democratic Chief Deputy Whips: Pete Aguilar, G. K. Butterfield, Henry Cuellar, Dan Kildee, Sheila Jackson Lee, Debbie Wasserman Schultz, Terri Sewell, and Peter Welch

Minority (Republican) leadership

* House Minority Leader and Chair of the House Republican Steering Committee: Kevin McCarthy
* House Minority Whip: Steve Scalise
* Chair of the House Republican Conference: Liz Cheney
* Vice Chair of the House Republican Conference: Mark Walker
* Secretary of the House Republican Conference: Jason Smith
* Chair of the House Republican Policy Committee: Gary Palmer
* Chair of the National Republican Congressional Committee: Tom Emmer
* House Republican Chief Deputy Whip: Drew Ferguson

Demographics

Most members of this Congress were Christian (88.2%), with approximately half being Protestant and 30.5% being Catholic. Jewish membership is 6.4%. Other religions represented included Buddhism, Islam, and Hinduism. One senator said that she was religiously unaffiliated, while the number of members refusing to specify their religious affiliation increased.

Roughly 96% of members held college degrees. All but 128 members were white and all but 131 members were men.

Senate

The Senate included 74 men and 26 women, the most women to date. In 6 states, both senators were women; 14 states were represented by 1 man and 1 woman; and 30 states were represented by 2 men. During this Congress, Johnny Isakson retired for health reasons and Kelly Loeffler was appointed, which increased the number of women from 25 after the 2018 elections to 26. There were 91 non-Hispanic white, 4 Hispanic, 2 Black, 2 Asian, and 1 multiracial (Black/Asian) senators. Additionally, 2 senators were LGBTQ+. The average age of Senators at the beginning of this congress was 62.9 years.

House of Representatives

There were 101 women in the House, the largest number in history. There were 313 non-Hispanic white, 56 Black, 44 Hispanic, 15 Asian, and 4 Native American congress members. Eight were LGBTQ+. Two Democrats — Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Donna Shalala — were the youngest (30) and oldest (78) freshmen women in history. Freshmen Rashida Tlaib (D-MI) and Ilhan Omar (DFL-MN) were the first two Muslim women and freshmen Sharice Davids (D-KS) and Deb Haaland (D-NM) were the first two Native American women elected as well. The average age of Members of the House at the beginning of the 116th Congress was 57.6 years.

With the election of Carolyn Maloney as the first woman to chair the House Oversight Committee, women chaired a record six House committees in a single Congress (out of 26 women to ever chair House committees in the history of Congress), including House members Maxine Waters (Financial Services), Nita Lowey (Appropriations), Zoe Lofgren (Administration), Eddie Bernice Johnson (Science, Space and Technology) and Nydia Velázquez (Small Business), as well as Kathy Castor, who chaired the Select Committee on the Climate Crisis. In addition, women chaired a record 39 House subcommittees. Lowey and Kay Granger were also the first women to serve as chair and ranking member of the same committee in the same Congress since the since-defunct Select Committee on the House Beauty Shop, which was chaired and populated entirely by congresswomen during its existence from 1967 to 1977.

Diversity of the freshman class

The demographics of the 116th U.S. Congress freshmen were more diverse than any previous incoming class.

At least 25 new congressional representatives were Hispanic, Native American, or people of color, and the incoming class included the first Native American women, the first Muslim women, and the two youngest women ever elected. The 116th Congress included more women elected to the House than any previous Congress.

Members

Senate

The numbers refer to their Senate classes. All class 1 seats were contested in the November 2018 elections. In this Congress, class 1 means their term commenced in the current Congress, requiring re-election in 2024; class 2 means their term ends with this Congress, requiring re-election in 2020; and class 3 means their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 2022.

Alabama

: 2. Doug Jones (D)
: 3. Richard Shelby (R)

Alaska

: 2. Dan Sullivan (R)
: 3. Lisa Murkowski (R)

Arizona

: 1. Kyrsten Sinema (D)
: 3. Martha McSally (R) (until December 2, 2020)
:: Mark Kelly (D) (from December 2, 2020)

Arkansas

: 2. Tom Cotton (R)
: 3. John Boozman (R)

California

: 1. Dianne Feinstein (D)
: 3. Kamala Harris (D)

Colorado

: 2. Cory Gardner (R)
: 3. Michael Bennet (D)

Connecticut

: 1. Chris Murphy (D)
: 3. Richard Blumenthal (D)

Delaware

: 1. Tom Carper (D)
: 2. Chris Coons (D)

Florida

: 1. Rick Scott (R) (from January 8, 2019)
: 3. Marco Rubio (R)

Georgia

: 2. David Perdue (R)
: 3. Johnny Isakson (R) (until December 31, 2019)
:: Kelly Loeffler (R) (from January 6, 2020)

Hawaii

: 1. Mazie Hirono (D)
: 3. Brian Schatz (D)

Idaho

: 2. Jim Risch (R)
: 3. Mike Crapo (R)

Illinois

: 2. Dick Durbin (D)
: 3. Tammy Duckworth (D)

Indiana

: 1. Mike Braun (R)
: 3. Todd Young (R)

Iowa

: 2. Joni Ernst (R)
: 3. Chuck Grassley (R)

Kansas

: 2. Pat Roberts (R)
: 3. Jerry Moran (R)

Kentucky

: 2. Mitch McConnell (R)
: 3. Rand Paul (R)

Louisiana

: 2. Bill Cassidy (R)
: 3. John Kennedy (R)

Maine

: 1. Angus King (I)
: 2. Susan Collins (R)

Maryland

: 1. Ben Cardin (D)
: 3. Chris Van Hollen (D)

Massachusetts

: 1. Elizabeth Warren (D)
: 2. Ed Markey (D)

Michigan

: 1. Debbie Stabenow (D)
: 2. Gary Peters (D)

Minnesota

: 1. Amy Klobuchar (DFL)
: 2. Tina Smith (DFL)

Mississippi

: 1. Roger Wicker (R)
: 2. Cindy Hyde-Smith (R)

Missouri

: 1. Josh Hawley (R)
: 3. Roy Blunt (R)

Montana

: 1. Jon Tester (D)
: 2. Steve Daines (R)

Nebraska

: 1. Deb Fischer (R)
: 2. Ben Sasse (R)

Nevada

: 1. Jacky Rosen (D)
: 3. Catherine Cortez Masto (D)

New Hampshire

: 2. Jeanne Shaheen (D)
: 3. Maggie Hassan (D)

New Jersey

: 1. Bob Menendez (D)
: 2. Cory Booker (D)

New Mexico

: 1. Martin Heinrich (D)
: 2. Tom Udall (D)

List of United States senators from New York, New York

: 1. Kirsten Gillibrand (D)
: 3. Chuck Schumer (D)

List of United States senators from North Carolina, North Carolina

: 2. Thom Tillis (R)
: 3. Richard Burr (R)

List of United States senators from North Dakota, North Dakota

: 1. Kevin Cramer (R)
: 3. John Hoeven (R)

List of United States senators from Ohio, Ohio

: 1. Sherrod Brown (D)
: 3. Rob Portman (R)

List of United States senators from Oklahoma, Oklahoma

: 2. Jim Inhofe (R)
: 3. James Lankford (R)

List of United States senators from Oregon, Oregon

: 2. Jeff Merkley (D)
: 3. Ron Wyden (D)

List of United States senators from Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania

: 1. Bob Casey Jr. (D)
: 3. Pat Toomey (R)

List of United States senators from Rhode Island, Rhode Island

: 1. Sheldon Whitehouse (D)
: 2. Jack Reed (Rhode Island politician), Jack Reed (D)

List of United States senators from South Carolina, South Carolina

: 2. Lindsey Graham (R)
: 3. Tim Scott (R)

List of United States senators from South Dakota, South Dakota

: 2. Mike Rounds (R)
: 3. John Thune (R)

List of United States senators from Tennessee, Tennessee

: 1. Marsha Blackburn (R)
: 2. Lamar Alexander (R)

List of United States senators from Texas, Texas

: 1. Ted Cruz (R)
: 2. John Cornyn (R)

List of United States senators from Utah, Utah

: 1. Mitt Romney (R)
: 3. Mike Lee (R)

List of United States senators from Vermont, Vermont

: 1. Bernie Sanders (I)
: 3. Patrick Leahy (D)

List of United States senators from Virginia, Virginia

: 1. Tim Kaine (D)
: 2. Mark Warner (D)

List of United States senators from Washington, Washington

: 1. Maria Cantwell (D)
: 3. Patty Murray (D)

List of United States senators from West Virginia, West Virginia

: 1. Joe Manchin (D)
: 2. Shelley Moore Capito (R)

List of United States senators from Wisconsin, Wisconsin

: 1. Tammy Baldwin (D)
: 3. Ron Johnson (Wisconsin politician), Ron Johnson (R)

List of United States senators from Wyoming, Wyoming

: 1. John Barrasso (R)
: 2. Mike Enzi (R)

House of Representatives

List of United States representatives from Alabama, Alabama

: . Bradley Byrne (R)
: . Martha Roby (R)
: . Mike Rogers (Alabama politician), Mike Rogers (R)
: . Robert Aderholt (R)
: . Mo Brooks (R)
: . Gary Palmer (R)
: . Terri Sewell (D)

List of United States representatives from Alaska, Alaska

: . Don Young (R)

List of United States representatives from Arizona, Arizona

: . Tom O'Halleran (D)
: . Ann Kirkpatrick (D)
: . Raúl Grijalva (D)
: . Paul Gosar (R)
: . Andy Biggs (R)
: . David Schweikert (R)
: . Ruben Gallego (D)
: . Debbie Lesko (R)
: . Greg Stanton (D)

List of United States representatives from Arkansas, Arkansas

: . Rick Crawford (politician), Rick Crawford (R)
: . French Hill (politician), French Hill (R)
: . Steve Womack (R)
: . Bruce Westerman (R)

List of United States representatives from California, California

: . Doug LaMalfa (R)
: . Jared Huffman (D)
: . John Garamendi (D)
: . Tom McClintock (R)
: . Mike Thompson (California politician), Mike Thompson (D)
: . Doris Matsui (D)
: . Ami Bera (D)
: . Paul Cook (politician), Paul Cook (R)
: . Jerry McNerney (D)
: . Josh Harder (D)
: . Mark DeSaulnier (D)
: . Nancy Pelosi (D)
: . Barbara Lee (D)
: . Jackie Speier (D)
: . Eric Swalwell (D)
: . Jim Costa (D)
: . Ro Khanna (D)
: . Anna Eshoo (D)
: . Zoe Lofgren (D)
: . Jimmy Panetta (D)
: . TJ Cox (D)
: . Devin Nunes (R)
: . Kevin McCarthy (R)
: . Salud Carbajal (D)
: . Katie Hill (D)
:: Mike Garcia (politician), Mike Garcia (R)
: . Julia Brownley (D)
: . Judy Chu (D)
: . Adam Schiff (D)
: . Tony Cárdenas (D)
: . Brad Sherman (D)
: . Pete Aguilar (D)
: . Grace Napolitano (D)
: . Ted Lieu (D)
: . Jimmy Gomez (D)
: . Norma Torres (D)
: . Raul Ruiz (politician), Raul Ruiz (D)
: . Karen Bass (D)
: . Linda Sánchez (D)
: . Gil Cisneros (D)
: . Lucille Roybal-Allard (D)
: . Mark Takano (D)
: . Ken Calvert (R)
: . Maxine Waters (D)
: . Nanette Barragán (D)
: . Katie Porter (D)
: . Lou Correa (D)
: . Alan Lowenthal (D)
: . Harley Rouda (D)
: . Mike Levin (D)
: . Duncan D. Hunter (R)
: . Juan Vargas (D)
: . Scott Peters (politician), Scott Peters (D)
: . Susan Davis (politician), Susan Davis (D)

List of United States representatives from Colorado, Colorado

: . Diana DeGette (D)
: . Joe Neguse (D)
: . Scott Tipton (R)
: . Ken Buck (R)
: . Doug Lamborn (R)
: . Jason Crow (D)
: . Ed Perlmutter (D)

List of United States representatives from Connecticut, Connecticut

: . John B. Larson (D)
: . Joe Courtney (politician), Joe Courtney (D)
: . Rosa DeLauro (D)
: . Jim Himes (D)
: . Jahana Hayes (D)

List of United States representatives from Delaware, Delaware

: . Lisa Blunt Rochester (D)

List of United States representatives from Florida, Florida

: . Matt Gaetz (R)
: . Neal Dunn (R)
: . Ted Yoho (R)
: . John Rutherford (Florida politician), John Rutherford (R)
: . Al Lawson (D)
: . Michael Waltz (R)
: . Stephanie Murphy (D)
: . Bill Posey (R)
: . Darren Soto (D)
: . Val Demings (D)
: . Daniel Webster (Florida politician), Daniel Webster (R)
: . Gus Bilirakis (R)
: . Charlie Crist (D)
: . Kathy Castor (D)
: . Ross Spano (R)
: . Vern Buchanan (R)
: . Greg Steube (R)
: . Brian Mast (R)
: . Francis Rooney (R)
: . Alcee Hastings (D)
: . Lois Frankel (D)
: . Ted Deutch (D)
: . Debbie Wasserman Schultz (D)
: . Frederica Wilson (D)
: . Mario Díaz-Balart (R)
: . Debbie Mucarsel-Powell (D)
: . Donna Shalala (D)

List of United States representatives from Georgia, Georgia

: . Buddy Carter (R)
: . Sanford Bishop (D)
: . Drew Ferguson (R)
: . Hank Johnson (D)
: . John Lewis (D)
:: Kwanza Hall (D)
: . Lucy McBath (D)
: . Rob Woodall (R)
: . Austin Scott (politician), Austin Scott (R)
: . Doug Collins (politician), Doug Collins (R)
: . Jody Hice (R)
: . Barry Loudermilk (R)
: . Rick W. Allen (R)
: . David Scott (Georgia politician), David Scott (D)
: . Tom Graves (R)

List of United States representatives from Hawaii, Hawaii

: . Ed Case (D)
: . Tulsi Gabbard (D)

List of United States representatives from Idaho, Idaho

: . Russ Fulcher (R)
: . Mike Simpson (R)

List of United States representatives from Illinois, Illinois

: . Bobby Rush (D)
: . Robin Kelly (D)
: . Dan Lipinski (D)
: . Jesús "Chuy" García (D)
: . Mike Quigley (politician), Mike Quigley (D)
: . Sean Casten (D)
: . Danny K. Davis (D)
: . Raja Krishnamoorthi (D)
: . Jan Schakowsky (D)
: . Brad Schneider (D)
: . Bill Foster (politician), Bill Foster (D)
: . Mike Bost (R)
: . Rodney Davis (politician), Rodney Davis (R)
: . Lauren Underwood (D)
: . John Shimkus (R)
: . Adam Kinzinger (R)
: . Cheri Bustos (D)
: . Darin LaHood (R)

List of United States representatives from Indiana, Indiana

: . Pete Visclosky (D)
: . Jackie Walorski (R)
: . Jim Banks (R)
: . Jim Baird (American politician), Jim Baird (R)
: . Susan Brooks (R)
: . Greg Pence (R)
: . André Carson (D)
: . Larry Bucshon (R)
: . Trey Hollingsworth (R)

List of United States representatives from Iowa, Iowa

: . Abby Finkenauer (D)
: . Dave Loebsack (D)
: . Cindy Axne (D)
: . Steve King (R)

List of United States representatives from Kansas, Kansas

: . Roger Marshall (politician), Roger Marshall (R)
: . Steve Watkins (R)
: . Sharice Davids (D)
: . Ron Estes (R)

List of United States representatives from Kentucky, Kentucky

: . James Comer (politician), James Comer (R)
: . Brett Guthrie (R)
: . John Yarmuth (D)
: . Thomas Massie (R)
: . Hal Rogers (R)
: . Andy Barr (American politician), Andy Barr (R)

List of United States representatives from Louisiana, Louisiana

: . Steve Scalise (R)
: . Cedric Richmond (D)
: . Clay Higgins (R)
: . Mike Johnson (Louisiana politician), Mike Johnson (R)
: . Ralph Abraham (politician), Ralph Abraham (R)
: . Garret Graves (R)

List of United States representatives from Maine, Maine

: . Chellie Pingree (D)
: . Jared Golden (D)

List of United States representatives from Maryland, Maryland

: . Andy Harris (politician), Andy Harris (R)
: . Dutch Ruppersberger (D)
: . John Sarbanes (D)
: . Anthony Brown (Maryland politician), Anthony Brown (D)
: . Steny Hoyer (D)
: . David Trone (D)
: . Elijah Cummings (D)
:: Kweisi Mfume (D)
: . Jamie Raskin (D)

List of United States representatives from Massachusetts, Massachusetts

: . Richard Neal (D)
: . Jim McGovern (American politician), Jim McGovern (D)
: . Lori Trahan (D)
: . Joe Kennedy III (D)
: . Katherine Clark (D)
: . Seth Moulton (D)
: . Ayanna Pressley (D)
: . Stephen F. Lynch (D)
: . Bill Keating (politician), Bill Keating (D)

List of United States representatives from Michigan, Michigan

: . Jack Bergman (R)
: . Bill Huizenga (R)
: . Justin Amash (R, then I, then L)
: . John Moolenaar (R)
: . Dan Kildee (D)
: . Fred Upton (R)
: . Tim Walberg (R)
: . Elissa Slotkin (D)
: . Andy Levin (D)
: . Paul Mitchell (R, then I)
: . Haley Stevens (D)
: . Debbie Dingell (D)
: . Rashida Tlaib (D)
: . Brenda Lawrence (D)

List of United States representatives from Minnesota, Minnesota

: . Jim Hagedorn (R)
: . Angie Craig (DFL)
: . Dean Phillips (DFL)
: . Betty McCollum (DFL)
: . Ilhan Omar (DFL)
: . Tom Emmer (R)
: . Collin Peterson (DFL)
: . Pete Stauber (R)

List of United States representatives from Mississippi, Mississippi

: . Trent Kelly (R)
: . Bennie Thompson (D)
: . Michael Guest (politician), Michael Guest (R)
: . Steven Palazzo (R)

List of United States representatives from Missouri, Missouri

: . Lacy Clay (D)
: . Ann Wagner (R)
: . Blaine Luetkemeyer (R)
: . Vicky Hartzler (R)
: . Emanuel Cleaver (D)
: . Sam Graves (R)
: . Billy Long (R)
: . Jason Smith (R)

List of United States representatives from Montana, Montana

: . Greg Gianforte (R)

List of United States representatives from Nebraska, Nebraska

: . Jeff Fortenberry (R)
: . Don Bacon (politician), Don Bacon (R)
: . Adrian Smith (politician), Adrian Smith (R)

List of United States representatives from Nevada, Nevada

: . Dina Titus (D)
: . Mark Amodei (R)
: . Susie Lee (D)
: . Steven Horsford (D)

List of United States representatives from New Hampshire, New Hampshire

: . Chris Pappas (politician), Chris Pappas (D)
: . Ann McLane Kuster (D)

List of United States representatives from New Jersey, New Jersey

: . Donald Norcross (D)
: . Jeff Van Drew (D, then R)
: . Andy Kim (politician), Andy Kim (D)
: . Chris Smith (New Jersey politician), Chris Smith (R)
: . Josh Gottheimer (D)
: . Frank Pallone (D)
: . Tom Malinowski (D)
: . Albio Sires (D)
: . Bill Pascrell (D)
: . Donald Payne Jr. (D)
: . Mikie Sherrill (D)
: . Bonnie Watson Coleman (D)

List of United States representatives from New Mexico, New Mexico

: . Deb Haaland (D)
: . Xochitl Torres Small (D)
: . Ben Ray Luján (D)

List of United States representatives from New York, New York

: . Lee Zeldin (R)
: . Peter T. King (R)
: . Thomas Suozzi (D)
: . Kathleen Rice (D)
: . Gregory Meeks (D)
: . Grace Meng (D)
: . Nydia Velázquez (D)
: . Hakeem Jeffries (D)
: . Yvette Clarke (D)
: . Jerry Nadler (D)
: . Max Rose (D)
: . Carolyn Maloney (D)
: . Adriano Espaillat (D)
: . Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D)
: . José E. Serrano (D)
: . Eliot Engel (D)
: . Nita Lowey (D)
: . Sean Patrick Maloney (D)
: . Antonio Delgado (D)
: . Paul Tonko (D)
: . Elise Stefanik (R)
: . Anthony Brindisi (D)
: . Tom Reed (politician), Tom Reed (R)
: . John Katko (R)
: . Joseph Morelle (D)
: . Brian Higgins (D)
: . Chris Collins (New York politician), Chris Collins (R)
:: Chris Jacobs (politician), Chris Jacobs (R)

List of United States representatives from North Carolina, North Carolina

: . G. K. Butterfield (D)
: . George Holding (R)
: . Walter B. Jones Jr. (R)
:: Greg Murphy (politician), Greg Murphy (R)
: . David Price (American politician), David Price (D)
: . Virginia Foxx (R)
: . Mark Walker (R)
: . David Rouzer (R)
: . Richard Hudson (American politician), Richard Hudson (R)
: . Dan Bishop (R)
: . Patrick McHenry (R)
: . Mark Meadows (North Carolina politician), Mark Meadows (R)
: . Alma Adams (D)
: . Ted Budd (R)

List of United States representatives from North Dakota, North Dakota

: . Kelly Armstrong (R)

List of United States representatives from Ohio, Ohio

: . Steve Chabot (R)
: . Brad Wenstrup (R)
: . Joyce Beatty (D)
: . Jim Jordan (American politician), Jim Jordan (R)
: . Bob Latta (R)
: . Bill Johnson (Ohio politician), Bill Johnson (R)
: . Bob Gibbs (R)
: . Warren Davidson (R)
: . Marcy Kaptur (D)
: . Mike Turner (R)
: . Marcia Fudge (D)
: . Troy Balderson (R)
: . Tim Ryan (Ohio politician), Tim Ryan (D)
: . David Joyce (politician), David Joyce (R)
: . Steve Stivers (R)
: . Anthony Gonzalez (politician), Anthony Gonzalez (R)

List of United States representatives from Oklahoma, Oklahoma

: . Kevin Hern (R)
: . Markwayne Mullin (R)
: . Frank Lucas (Oklahoma politician), Frank Lucas (R)
: . Tom Cole (R)
: . Kendra Horn (D)

List of United States representatives from Oregon, Oregon

: . Suzanne Bonamici (D)
: . Greg Walden (R)
: . Earl Blumenauer (D)
: . Peter DeFazio (D)
: . Kurt Schrader (D)

List of United States representatives from Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania

: . Brian Fitzpatrick (American politician), Brian Fitzpatrick (R)
: . Brendan Boyle (D)
: . Dwight Evans (politician), Dwight Evans (D)
: . Madeleine Dean (D)
: . Mary Gay Scanlon (D)
: . Chrissy Houlahan (D)
: . Susan Wild (D)
: . Matt Cartwright (D)
: . Dan Meuser (R)
: . Scott Perry (politician), Scott Perry (R)
: . Lloyd Smucker (R)
: . Tom Marino (R)
:: Fred Keller (politician), Fred Keller (R)
: . John Joyce (American politician), John Joyce (R)
: . Guy Reschenthaler (R)
: . Glenn Thompson (politician), Glenn Thompson (R)
: . Mike Kelly (Pennsylvania politician), Mike Kelly (R)
: . Conor Lamb (D)
: . Mike Doyle (American politician), Mike Doyle (D)

List of United States representatives from Rhode Island, Rhode Island

: . David Cicilline (D)
: . James Langevin (D)

List of United States representatives from South Carolina, South Carolina

: . Joe Cunningham (American politician), Joe Cunningham (D)
: . Joe Wilson (American politician), Joe Wilson (R)
: . Jeff Duncan (politician), Jeff Duncan (R)
: . William Timmons (R)
: . Ralph Norman (R)
: . Jim Clyburn (D)
: . Tom Rice (R)

List of United States representatives from South Dakota, South Dakota

: . Dusty Johnson (R)

List of United States representatives from Tennessee, Tennessee

: . Phil Roe (politician), Phil Roe (R)
: . Tim Burchett (R)
: . Chuck Fleischmann (R)
: . Scott DesJarlais (R)
: . Jim Cooper (D)
: . John Rose (Tennessee politician), John Rose (R)
: . Mark E. Green (R)
: . David Kustoff (R)
: . Steve Cohen (politician), Steve Cohen (D)

List of United States representatives from Texas, Texas

: . Louie Gohmert (R)
: . Dan Crenshaw (R)
: . Van Taylor (R)
: . John Ratcliffe (American politician), John Ratcliffe (R)
: . Lance Gooden (R)
: . Ron Wright (politician), Ron Wright (R)
: . Lizzie Fletcher (D)
: . Kevin Brady (R)
: . Al Green (politician), Al Green (D)
: . Michael McCaul (R)
: . Mike Conaway (R)
: . Kay Granger (R)
: . Mac Thornberry (R)
: . Randy Weber (R)
: . Vicente Gonzalez (politician), Vicente Gonzalez (D)
: . Veronica Escobar (D)
: . Bill Flores (R)
: . Sheila Jackson Lee (D)
: . Jodey Arrington (R)
: . Joaquin Castro (D)
: . Chip Roy (R)
: . Pete Olson (R)
: . Will Hurd (R)
: . Kenny Marchant (R)
: . Roger Williams (Texas politician), Roger Williams (R)
: . Michael C. Burgess (R)
: . Michael Cloud (R)
: . Henry Cuellar (D)
: . Sylvia Garcia (D)
: . Eddie Bernice Johnson (D)
: . John Carter (Texas politician), John Carter (R)
: . Colin Allred (D)
: . Marc Veasey (D)
: . Filemon Vela Jr. (D)
: . Lloyd Doggett (D)
: . Brian Babin (R)

List of United States representatives from Utah, Utah

: . Rob Bishop (R)
: . Chris Stewart (politician), Chris Stewart (R)
: . John Curtis (Utah politician), John Curtis (R)
: . Ben McAdams (D)

List of United States representatives from Vermont, Vermont

: . Peter Welch (D)

List of United States representatives from Virginia, Virginia

: . Rob Wittman (R)
: . Elaine Luria (D)
: . Bobby Scott (politician), Bobby Scott (D)
: . Donald McEachin (D)
: . Denver Riggleman (R)
: . Ben Cline (R)
: . Abigail Spanberger (D)
: . Don Beyer (D)
: . Morgan Griffith (R)
: . Jennifer Wexton (D)
: . Gerry Connolly (D)

List of United States representatives from Washington, Washington

: . Suzan DelBene (D)
: . Rick Larsen (D)
: . Jaime Herrera Beutler (R)
: . Dan Newhouse (R)
: . Cathy McMorris Rodgers (R)
: . Derek Kilmer (D)
: . Pramila Jayapal (D)
: . Kim Schrier (D)
: . Adam Smith (Washington politician), Adam Smith (D)
: . Denny Heck (D)

List of United States representatives from West Virginia, West Virginia

: . David McKinley (R)
: . Alex Mooney (R)
: . Carol Miller (politician), Carol Miller (R)

List of United States representatives from Wisconsin, Wisconsin

: . Bryan Steil (R)
: . Mark Pocan (D)
: . Ron Kind (D)
: . Gwen Moore (D)
: . Jim Sensenbrenner (R)
: . Glenn Grothman (R)
: . Sean Duffy (R)
:: Tom Tiffany (R)
: . Mike Gallagher (American politician), Mike Gallagher (R)

List of United States representatives from Wyoming, Wyoming

: . Liz Cheney (R)

Non-voting members

: . Amata Coleman Radewagen (R)
: . Eleanor Holmes Norton (D)
: . Michael San Nicolas (D)
: . Gregorio Sablan (I)
: . Jenniffer González (R/New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico, PNP)
: . Stacey Plaskett (D)
: The 116th Congress refused to act on seating the Cherokee Nation Cherokee delegate to the United States House of Representatives, delegate-elect Kimberly Teehee, nominated in August 2019.

Caucuses

Changes in membership

Senate

, -
, Florida
(1)
, data-sort-value="Vacant" , Vacant
, data-sort-value="January 8, 2019" , Senator-elect chose to wait until finishing term as Governor of Florida.
, data-sort-value="Scott Rick" , Rick Scott
(R)
, January 8, 2019

, -
, Georgia
(3)
, data-sort-value="Isakson Johnny" , Johnny Isakson
(R)
, data-sort-value="December 31, 2019" , Incumbent resigned December 31, 2019.
Successor was appointed the same day to continue the term.
, data-sort-value="Loeffler Kelly" , Kelly Loeffler
(R)
, January 6, 2020

, -
, Arizona
(3)
, data-sort-value="McSally Martha" , Martha McSally
(R)
, data-sort-value="December 31, 2019" , Appointee lost 2020 United States Senate special election in Arizona, special election to finish the term.
Successor elected November 3, 2020.
, data-sort-value="Kelly Mark" , Mark Kelly
(D)
, December 2, 2020

House of Representatives

, -
,
, data-sort-value="AAAVacant" nowrap , Vacant
, data-sort-value="January 3, 2019" , Vacant from the start of the term as allegations of fraud in the 2018 North Carolina's 9th congressional district election, 2018 general election prevented the results from being certified.
A 2019 North Carolina's 9th congressional district special election, special election was held September 10, 2019.
, data-sort-value="Bishop Dan" , Dan Bishop
(R)
, September 17, 2019

, -
,
, data-sort-value="Marino Tom" nowrap , Tom Marino
(R)
, data-sort-value="January 23, 2019" , Resigned January 23, 2019, to take job in private sector.
A 2019 Pennsylvania's 12th congressional district special election, special election was held May 21, 2019.
, data-sort-value="Keller Fred" , Fred Keller (politician), Fred Keller
(R)
, June 3, 2019

, -
,
, data-sort-value="Jones Walter B. Jr." nowrap , Walter B. Jones Jr.
(R)
, data-sort-value="February 10, 2019" , Died February 10, 2019.
A 2019 North Carolina's 3rd congressional district special election, special election was held September 10, 2019.
, data-sort-value="Murphy Greg" , Greg Murphy (politician), Greg Murphy
(R)
, September 17, 2019

, -
,
, data-sort-value="Amash Justin" nowrap , Justin Amash
(R)
, data-sort-value="July 4, 2019" , Changed party July 4, 2019.
, data-sort-value="Amash Justin" , Justin Amash
(I)
, July 4, 2019

, -
,
, data-sort-value="Duffy Sean" nowrap , Sean Duffy
(R)
, data-sort-value="September 23, 2019" , Resigned September 23, 2019.
A 2020 Wisconsin's 7th congressional district special election, special election was held May 12, 2020.
, data-sort-value="Tiffany Tom" , Tom Tiffany
(R)
, May 19, 2020

, -
,
, data-sort-value="Collins Chris" nowrap , Chris Collins (New York politician), Chris Collins
(R)
, data-sort-value="October 1, 2019" , Resigned October 1, 2019.
A 2020 New York's 27th congressional district special election, special election was held June 23, 2020.
, data-sort-value="Jacobs Chris" , Chris Jacobs (politician), Chris Jacobs
(R)
, colspan=1 , July 21, 2020

, -
,
, data-sort-value="Cummings Elijah" nowrap , Elijah Cummings
(D)
, data-sort-value="October 17, 2019" , Died October 17, 2019.
A 2020 Maryland's 7th congressional district special election, special election was held April 28, 2020.
, data-sort-value="Mfume Kweisi" , Kweisi Mfume
(D)
, May 5, 2020

, -
,
, data-sort-value="Hill Katie" nowrap , Katie Hill
(D)
, data-sort-value="November 1, 2019" , Resigned November 3, 2019, due to allegations of improper relationships with staffer.
A 2020 California's 25th congressional district special election, special election was held March 3, 2020, and a runoff election was held May 12, 2020.
, data-sort-value="Garcia Mike" , Mike Garcia (politician), Mike Garcia
(R)
, May 19, 2020

, -
,
, data-sort-value="Van Drew Jeff" nowrap , Jeff Van Drew
(D)
, data-sort-value="December 19, 2019" , Changed party December 19, 2019.
, data-sort-value="Van Drew Jeff" , Jeff Van Drew
(R)
, December 19, 2019

, -
,
, data-sort-value="Hunter Duncan" nowrap , Duncan D. Hunter
(R)
, data-sort-value="January 13, 2020" , Resigned January 13, 2020, following felony indictment.
, colspan=2 , Vacant until the next Congress

, -
,
, data-sort-value="Meadows Mark" nowrap , Mark Meadows (North Carolina politician), Mark Meadows
(R)
, data-sort-value="March 30, 2020" , Resigned March 30, 2020, to become White House Chief of Staff.
, colspan=2 , Vacant until the next Congress

, -
,
, data-sort-value="Amash Justin" nowrap , Justin Amash
(I)
, data-sort-value="May 1, 2020" , Changed party May 1, 2020.
, data-sort-value="Amash Justin" , Justin Amash
(Libertarian Party (United States), L)
, May 1, 2020

, -
,
, data-sort-value="Ratcliffe John" nowrap , John Ratcliffe (American politician), John Ratcliffe
(R)
, data-sort-value="May 22, 2020" , Resigned May 22, 2020, to become Director of National Intelligence.
, colspan=2 , Vacant until the next Congress

, -
,
, data-sort-value="Lewis John" nowrap , John Lewis
(D)
, data-sort-value="July 17, 2020" , Died July 17, 2020.
A 2020 Georgia's 5th congressional district special election, special election runoff was held December 1, 2020.
, data-sort-value="Kwanza Hall" , Kwanza Hall
(D)
, December 3, 2020

, -
,
, data-sort-value="Graves Tom" nowrap , Tom Graves
(R)
, data-sort-value="October 4, 2020" , Resigned October 4, 2020.
, colspan=2 , Vacant until the next Congress

, -
,
, data-sort-value="Cook Paul" nowrap , Paul Cook (politician), Paul Cook
(R)
, data-sort-value="March 3, 2020" , Resigned December 7, 2020, after being elected a member of the San Bernardino County Supervisors.
, colspan=2 , Vacant until the next Congress

, -
,
, data-sort-value="Mitchell Paul" nowrap , Paul Mitchell
(R)
, data-sort-value="December 14, 2020" , Changed party December 14, 2020.
, data-sort-value="Mitchell Paul" , Paul Mitchell
(Independent Politician (United States), I)
, December 14, 2020

Committees

Section contents: #Senate 4, Senate, #House of Representatives 4, House, #Joint, Joint

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint

Employees and legislative agency directors

Also called "elected" or "appointed" officials, there are many employees of the House and Senate whose leaders are included here.

Senate

* Chaplain of the United States Senate, Chaplain: Barry C. Black (Seventh-day Adventist Church, Seventh-day Adventist)
* Historian of the United States Senate, Historian: Betty Koed
* Parliamentarian of the United States Senate, Parliamentarian: Elizabeth MacDonough
* Secretary of the United States Senate, Secretary: Julie E. Adams
* Sergeant at Arms of the United States Senate, Sergeant at Arms: Michael C. Stenger
* Secretary for the Majority:
** until February 2020: Laura Dove
** starting February 2020: Robert Duncan
* Secretary for the Minority: Gary B. Myrick

House of Representatives

* Chaplain of the United States House of Representatives, Chaplain: Patrick J. Conroy (Roman Catholic)
* Chief Administrative Officer of the United States House of Representatives, Chief Administrative Officer: Phil Kiko
* Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, Clerk:
** until February 26, 2019: Karen L. Haas
** starting February 26, 2019: Cheryl L. Johnson
* Historian of the United States House of Representatives, Historian: Matthew Wasniewski
* Inspector General: Michael Ptasienski
* Parliamentarian of the United States House of Representatives, Parliamentarian:
** until September 30, 2020: Thomas J. Wickham Jr.
** starting September 30, 2020: Jason A. Smith
* Reading Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, Reading Clerks: Susan Cole and Joseph Novotny
* Sergeant at Arms of the United States House of Representatives, Sergeant at Arms: Paul D. Irving

List of federal agencies in the United States#Legislative branch, Legislative branch agency directors

* Architect of the Capitol:
** until August 17, 2019: Christine A. Merdon (acting)
** August 17, 2019 – January 16, 2020: Thomas J. Carroll III (acting)
** starting January 16, 2020: Brett Blanton
* Attending Physician of the United States Congress: Brian P. Monahan
* Comptroller General of the United States: Gene Dodaro
* Director of the Congressional Budget Office:
** until May 31, 2019: Keith Hall (economist), Keith Hall
** starting June 3, 2019: Phillip Swagel
* Librarian of Congress: Carla Diane Hayden
* Director of the U.S. Government Publishing Office: Vacant
* Counselor of the Office of the Law Revision Counsel: Ralph V. Seep
* Counselor of the Office of the Legislative Counsel, Office of House Legislative Counsel: Ernest Wade Ballou Jr.
* Public Printer of the United States: Hugh N. Halpern

See also

Elections

* 2018 United States elections (elections leading to this Congress)
** 2018 United States Senate elections
** 2018 United States House of Representatives elections
* 2019 United States elections (elections during this Congress)
** 2019 United States House of Representatives elections
* 2020 United States elections (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
** 2020 United States presidential election
** 2020 United States Senate elections
** 2020 United States House of Representatives elections
* 2010s in United States political history

Membership lists

* List of new members of the 116th United States Congress

Notes

References

External links

*, via Congress.gov
Videos of House of Representatives Sessions for the 116th Congress
from C-SPAN
Videos of Senate Sessions for the 116th Congress
from C-SPAN
Videos of Committees from the House and Senate for the 116th Congress
C-SPAN
Congressional Pictorial Directory for the 116th CongressOfficial Congressional Directory for the 116th Congress

{{United States Congresses

116th United States Congress,