The 1st Ohio Cavalry Regiment was a

cavalry Historically, cavalry (from the French word ''cavalerie'', itself derived from "cheval" meaning "horse") are soldiers or warriors who fight mounted on horseback. Cavalry were the most mobile of the combat arms, operating as light cavalry ...

regiment A regiment is a military unit. Its role and size varies markedly, depending on the country, service and/or a specialisation. In Medieval Europe, the term "regiment" denoted any large body of front-line soldiers, recruited or conscripted ...

that served in the

Union Army During the American Civil War, the Union Army, also known as the Federal Army and the Northern Army, referring to the United States Army, was the land force that fought to preserve the Union (American Civil War), Union of the collective U.S. st ...

during the

American Civil War The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States. It was fought between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), the latter formed by states th ...

Service

The 1st Ohio Cavalry Regiment was organized at

Camp Chase Camp Chase was a military staging and training camp established in Columbus, Ohio in May 1861 after the start of the American Civil War. It also included a large Union-operated prison camp for Confederate prisoners during the American Civil War ...

Columbus, Ohio Columbus () is the state capital and the most populous city in the U.S. state of Ohio. With a 2020 census population of 905,748, it is the 14th-most populous city in the U.S., the second-most populous city in the Midwest, after Chicago, and t ...

August 17-October 30, 1861, and mustered in for a three-year enlistment under the command of

Colonel Colonel (abbreviated as Col., Col or COL) is a senior military officer rank used in many countries. It is also used in some police forces and paramilitary organizations. In the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, a colonel was typically in charge of ...

Owen P. Ransom. The regiment was attached to 1st Division,

Army of the Ohio The Army of the Ohio was the name of two Union armies in the American Civil War. The first army became the Army of the Cumberland and the second army was created in 1863. History 1st Army of the Ohio General Orders No. 97 appointed Maj. Gen. Do ...

, to October 1862. (Companies F, I, K, L, and M attached to 5th Division, Army of the Ohio, May to October 1862.) Zahm's 2nd Brigade, Cavalry Division, Army of the Ohio, to November 1862. (Companies F, I, K, L, and M attached to

II Corps 2nd Corps, Second Corps, or II Corps may refer to: France * 2nd Army Corps (France) * II Cavalry Corps (Grande Armée), a cavalry unit of the Imperial French Army during the Napoleonic Wars * II Corps (Grande Armée), a unit of the Imperial French ...

, Army of the Ohio, to November 1862.) 2nd Brigade, Cavalry Division,

Army of the Cumberland The Army of the Cumberland was one of the principal Union armies in the Western Theater during the American Civil War. It was originally known as the Army of the Ohio. History The origin of the Army of the Cumberland dates back to the creation ...

, to January 1863. 2nd Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division, Army of the Cumberland, to March 1863. 2nd Brigade, 2nd Cavalry Division, Army of the Cumberland, to October 1864. 2nd Brigade, 2nd Division, Wilson's Cavalry Corps, Military Division of Mississippi, to February 1865. 2nd Brigade, 4th Division, Wilson's Cavalry Corps, to May 1865. 1st Brigade, 4th Division, Wilson's Cavalry Corps, and Department of Georgia, to September 1865. The 1st Ohio Cavalry mustered out of service on September 13, 1865.

Detailed service

Left State for Louisville, Ky., December 9, 1861. Company B was at Headquarters of Gen. Mitchel in Kentucky October to December 1861. Action at West Liberty, Ky., October 23. Rejoined regiment at Louisville, Ky., December 1861. Operations near Greensburg and Lebanon, Ky., January 28-February 2, 1862. Moved to Louisville, Ky., February 14, thence to Nashville, Tenn., February 28-March 3. Advance on Columbia March 14–15. Near Columbia March 15. March to Savannah, Tenn., March 28-April 7, thence moved to Pittsburg Landing, Tenn. Advance on and siege of Corinth, Miss., April 29-May 30. Pursuit to Booneville May 30-June 12. Reconnaissance toward Carrollville and Baldwyn June 3. Skirmish at Blackland June 3. Osborn's and Wolf Creeks, near Blackland, June 4 (Companies E, I, and M). Guard duty along Memphis & Charleston Railroad until August. Near Russellsville July 3 (Companies B & G). Expedition to Decatur, Ala., July 12–16 (detachment). Near Davis Gap July 12 (detachment). Near Decatur July 15 (Company I). Pond Springs July 24. Courtland and Trinity July 25 (detachment). Moved to Dechard, Tenn., August 1. Salem August 6. Scout to Fayetteville August 17–20. March to Louisville. Ky., in pursuit of Bragg August 21-September 25. Pursuit of Bragg into Kentucky October 1–22. Cedar Church, near Shepherdstown, October 3. Bardstown October 4. Battle of Perryville October 8 (detachment). Pursuit of Bragg to London October 10–22. Harrodsburg October 13. Stanford October 14. March to Nashville, Tenn., October 22-November 7. Duty there until December 26. Franklin December 12 and 26. Reconnaissance from Rural Hill December 20. Advance on Murfreesboro December 26–30. Nolinsville December 26. Near Murfreesboro December 29–30. Battle of Stones River December 30–31, 1862 and January 1–3, 1863. Overall's Creek December 31, 1862. Shelbyville Pike January 5. Duty at Lavergne until June. Reconnaissance from Lavergne May 12. Tullahoma Campaign June 23-July 7. Moore's Ford, Elk River, July 2. Occupation of middle Tennessee until August 16. Expedition to Huntsville July 13–22. Passage of Cumberland Mountains and Tennessee River, and Chickamauga Campaign August 16-September 22. Reconnaissance from Stevenson to Trenton, Ga., August 28–31. Reconnaissance from Winston's Gap to Broomtown Valley September 5. Alpine, Ga., September 3 and 8. Reconnaissance from Alpine toward Lafayette, Ga., September 10. Alpine September 11. Battle of Chickamauga, September 19–21. Cotton Port Ford, Tennessee River, September 30. Operations against Wheeler and Roddy September 30-October 17. Greenville October 2. McMinnville October 4. Farmington October 7. Sim's Farm, near Shelbyville, October 7. At Paint Rock until November 18. Chattanooga-Ringgold Campaign November 23–27. Raid on East Tennessee & Georgia Railroad November 24–27. Charleston November 26. Cleveland November 27. March to relief of Knoxville, Tenn., November 28-December 8. Near Loudoun December 2. Expedition to Murphey, N. C., December 6–11. Charleston and Calhoun December 28. Regiment reenlisted January 4, 1864. Demonstration on Dalton, Ga., February 22–27, 1864 (non-veterans). Near Dalton February 23. Tunnel Hill, Buzzard's Roost Gap and Rocky Faced Ridge February 23–25. Tunnel Hill February 25. Buzzard's Roost February 27. Atlanta Campaign May 1-September 8, 1864. Decatur, Ala.. May 26. Courtland Road, Ala., May 26. Pond Springs, near Courtland, May 27. Moulton May 28–29. Operations about Marietta and against Kennesaw Mountain June 10-July 2. McAffee's Cross Roads June 11. Noonday Creek June 15–19 and 27. Kennesaw Mountain June 21. Near Marietta June 23. Assault on Kennesaw June 27. Nickajack Creek July 2–5. Rottenwood Creek July 4. Chattahoochie River July 5–17. Raid to Covington July 22–24. Siege of Atlanta July 24-August 15. Garrard's Raid to South River July 27–31. Flat Rock Bridge and Lithonia July 28. Kilpatrick's Raid around Atlanta August 18–22. Flint River and Red Oak August 19. Jonesboro August 19. Lovejoy's Station August 20. Operations at Chattahoochee River Bridge August 26-September 2. Occupation of Atlanta September 2. Operations against Hood and Forest in northern Georgia and northern Alabama September 29-November 3. Near Lost Mountain October 4–7. New Hope Church October 5. Dallas October 7. Rome October 10–11. Narrows November 11. Coosaville Road, near Rome, November 13. Near Summerville October 18. Little River October 20. Blue Pond and Leesburg October 21. Coosa River October 25. Ladiga, Terrapin Creek, October 28. Ordered to Louisville, Ky., and, duty there until December. Ordered to Gravelly Springs, Ala., December 28, and duty there until March 1865. Wilson's Raid to Macon, March 22-April 24. Near Montevallo March 31. Ebenezer Church April 1. Selma April 2. Montgomery April 12–13. Crawford and Girard April. Columbus and West Point April 16. Capture of Macon April 20. Irwinsville, Ga., May 10. Capture of

Jefferson Davis Jefferson F. Davis (June 3, 1808December 6, 1889) was an American politician who served as the president of the Confederate States from 1861 to 1865. He represented Mississippi in the United States Senate and the House of Representatives as a ...

. Duty in Georgia and South Carolina until September. Companies A and C were the first to organize and were thus ordered to western Virginia September 17, 1861. Attached to Army of Occupation, western Virginia, to October 1861. Cheat Mountain District, western Virginia, to January 1862. Landers' Division,

Army of the Potomac The Army of the Potomac was the principal Union Army in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War. It was created in July 1861 shortly after the First Battle of Bull Run and was disbanded in June 1865 following the surrender of the Confedera ...

, to March 1862. Shields' 2nd Division, Banks'

V Corps 5th Corps, Fifth Corps, or V Corps may refer to: France * 5th Army Corps (France) * V Cavalry Corps (Grande Armée), a cavalry unit of the Imperial French Army during the Napoleonic Wars * V Corps (Grande Armée), a unit of the Imperial French Ar ...

, and Department of the Shenandoah, to May 1862. Cavalry, Shields' Division, Department of the Rappahannock, to June 1862. Headquarters II Corps,

Army of Virginia The Army of Virginia was organized as a major unit of the Union Army and operated briefly and unsuccessfully in 1862 in the American Civil War. It should not be confused with its principal opponent, the Confederate Army of ''Northern'' Virginia, ...

, to September 1862. Price's Cavalry Brigade, Military District of Washington, D.C., to March 1863. 2nd Brigade, Stahel's Cavalry Division, XXII Corps, Department of Washington, to June 1863. Headquarters 3rd Division, Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac, to December 1863. Defenses of Washington, D.C., to January 1864. Participating in skirmish at Bloomery Gap, Va., February 4, 1862. Advance on Winchester March 7–15. Battle of Winchester March 23. Occupation of Mt. Jackson April 17. Battle of Cedar Mountain August 9. Pope's Campaign in northern Virginia August 16-September 2. Catlett's Station August 22. Centreville August 27–28. Groveton August 29. Bull Run August 30. Chantilly September 1. Duty in Defenses of Washington until June 1863. Battle of Gettysburg, July 1–3, 1863. Monterey Gap July 4. Emmettsburg July 5. Hagerstown July 6–12. Falling Waters July 14. Hartwood Church August 28. Advance from the Rappahannock to the Rapidan September 13–17. Bristoe Campaign October 9–22. Hartwood Church November 5. Mine Run Campaign November 26-December 2. In Defenses of Washington, D.C., until January 1864, when the two companies rejoined the regiment.

Casualties

The regiment lost a total of 204 men during service; 6 officers and 45 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded, 3 officers and 150 enlisted men died of disease.

Commanders

* Colonel Owen P. Ransom - resigned * Colonel Minor Millikin - killed in action at the battle of Stones River * Colonel Beroth B. Eggleston *

Lieutenant Colonel Lieutenant colonel ( , ) is a rank of commissioned officers in the armies, most marine forces and some air forces of the world, above a major and below a colonel. Several police forces in the United States use the rank of lieutenant colone ...

T. C. H. Smith * Lieutenant Colonel Valentine Cupp - commanded four companies at the battle of Perryville and the regiment at the battle of Chickamauga *

Major Major (commandant in certain jurisdictions) is a military rank of commissioned officer status, with corresponding ranks existing in many military forces throughout the world. When used unhyphenated and in conjunction with no other indicators ...

James Laughlin - commanded at the battle of Stones River * Major Thomas J. Patten - commanded at the battle of Chickamauga

References

* Curry, William L. ''Four Years in the Saddle: History of the First Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Cavalry, War of the Rebellion, 1861-1865'' (Columbus, OH: Champlin Printing Co.), 1898. * Dyer, Frederick H. ''A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion'' (Des Moines, IA: Dyer Pub. Co.), 1908. * Fordyce, Samuel Wesley. ''The Autobiography of Samuel Wesley Fordyce: Captain, First Ohio Cavalry, Army of the Cumberland'' (Bethesda, MD: S. W. Fordyce), 1992. * Lovejoy. ''A History of Company A, First Ohio Cavalry, 1861-1865: A Memorial Volume Compiled from Personal Records and Living Witnesses'' (Washington, OH: Ohio State Register), 1898. * Ohio Roster Commission. ''Official Roster of the Soldiers of the State of Ohio in the War on the Rebellion, 1861–1865, Compiled Under the Direction of the Roster Commission'' (Akron, OH: Werner Co.), 1886–1895. * Reid, Whitelaw. ''Ohio in the War: Her Statesmen, Her Generals, and Soldiers'' (Cincinnati, OH: Moore, Wilstach, & Baldwin), 1868. * Walley, Walter High. ''Martin Van Buren High'' (Las Vegas, NV: W. H. Walley), 1994. ;Attribution *

External links