1 Samuel 2 is the second chapter of the

Books of Samuel The Book of Samuel (, ''Sefer Shmuel'') is a book in the Hebrew Bible, found as two books (1–2 Samuel) in the Old Testament. The book is part of the narrative history of Ancient Israel called the Deuteronomistic history, a series of books (Josh ...

in the

Hebrew Bible The Hebrew Bible or Tanakh (;"Tanach"
'' Christian

Bible The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts ...

). It recounts the

Song of Hannah The Song of Hannah is a poem interpreting the prose text of the Books of Samuel. According to the surrounding narrative, the poem () was a prayer delivered by Hannah, to give thanks to God for the birth of her son, Samuel. It is similar to Psalm ...

, the corruption of the priests descended from

Eli Eli most commonly refers to: * Eli (name), a given name, nickname and surname * Eli (biblical figure) Eli or ELI may also refer to: Film * ''Eli'' (2015 film), a Tamil film * ''Eli'' (2019 film), an American horror film Music * ''Eli'' (Jan ...

, Samuel's ministry to God 'even as a child' and the

prophecy In religion, a prophecy is a message that has been communicated to a person (typically called a '' prophet'') by a supernatural entity. Prophecies are a feature of many cultures and belief systems and usually contain divine will or law, or pr ...

of a "man of God" against Eli's household.

Text

The original text of this chapter, as with the rest of the Books of Samuel, was written in

Hebrew Hebrew (; ; ) is a Northwest Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family. Historically, it is one of the spoken languages of the Israelites and their longest-surviving descendants, the Jews and Samaritans. It was largely preserved ...

. Since the division of the Bible into

chapters Chapter or Chapters may refer to: Books * Chapter (books), a main division of a piece of writing or document * Chapter book, a story book intended for intermediate readers, generally age 7–10 * Chapters (bookstore), Canadian big box bookstore ...

in the late medieval period, this chapter is divided into 36 verses.

Textual witnesses

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in

are of the

Masoretic Text The Masoretic Text (MT or 𝕸; he, נֻסָּח הַמָּסוֹרָה, Nūssāḥ Hammāsōrā, lit. 'Text of the Tradition') is the authoritative Hebrew and Aramaic text of the 24 books of the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh) in Rabbinic Judaism. ...

tradition, which includes the Codex Cairensis (895), Aleppo Codex (10th century), and

Codex Leningradensis The Leningrad Codex ( la, Codex Leningradensis [Leningrad Book]; he, כתב יד לנינגרד) is the oldest complete manuscript of the Hebrew Bible in Hebrew, using the Masoretic Text and Tiberian vocalization. According to its colopho ...

(1008). Fragments containing parts of this chapter in Hebrew were found among the

Dead Sea Scrolls The Dead Sea Scrolls (also the Qumran Caves Scrolls) are ancient Jewish and Hebrew religious manuscripts discovered between 1946 and 1956 at the Qumran Caves in what was then Mandatory Palestine, near Ein Feshkha in the West Bank, on the ...

including 4Q51 (4QSam; 100–50 BCE) with extant verses 1–10, 16–36.Dead sea scrolls - 1 Samuel
/ref> There is also a difference into

Koine Greek Koine Greek (; Koine el, ἡ κοινὴ διάλεκτος, hē koinè diálektos, the common dialect; ), also known as Hellenistic Greek, common Attic, the Alexandrian dialect, Biblical Greek or New Testament Greek, was the common supra-reg ...

known as the

Septuagint The Greek Old Testament, or Septuagint (, ; from the la, septuaginta, lit=seventy; often abbreviated ''70''; in Roman numerals, LXX), is the earliest extant Greek translation of books from the Hebrew Bible. It includes several books beyond ...

, made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include

Codex Vaticanus The Codex Vaticanus ( The Vatican, Bibl. Vat., Vat. gr. 1209), designated by siglum B or 03 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), δ 1 ( von Soden), is a fourth-century Christian manuscript of a Greek Bible, containing the majority of the Greek Old ...

(B;

\mathfrak

^B; 4th century) and

Codex Alexandrinus The Codex Alexandrinus (London, British Library, Royal MS 1. D. V-VIII), designated by the siglum A or 02 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts), δ 4 (in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts), is a manu ...

(A;

\mathfrak

^A; 5th century).

Period

* The event in this chapter happened at the end of judges period in Israel, about

1100 BC Eleven or 11 may refer to: *11 (number), the natural number following 10 and preceding 12 * one of the years 11 BC, AD 11, 1911, 2011, or any year ending in 11 Literature * ''Eleven'' (novel), a 2006 novel by British author David Llewellyn *''El ...

Structure

The

New Revised Standard Version The New Revised Standard Version (NRSV) is an English translation of the Bible published in 1989 by the National Council of Churches.Hannah's Prayer * =

’s Wicked Sons * = The Child Samuel at Shiloh * = Prophecy Against Eli’s Household

Prophecy against Eli's household

Verses 22 to 25 introduce a topic dealing with the condemnation of the house of Eli on account of his sons' transgressions. The

of the Hebrew Bible,

Targum A targum ( arc, תרגום 'interpretation, translation, version') was an originally spoken translation of the Hebrew Bible (also called the ''Tanakh'') that a professional translator ( ''mǝturgǝmān'') would give in the common language of the ...

, and

Vulgate The Vulgate (; also called (Bible in common tongue), ) is a late-4th-century Latin translation of the Bible. The Vulgate is largely the work of Jerome who, in 382, had been commissioned by Pope Damasus I to revise the Gospels u ...

translation refer to

Hophni and Phinehas Hophni () and Phinehas or Phineas () were the two sons of Eli. The first book of Samuel describes them as the officiating priests at the sanctuary of Shiloh at the time of Hannah. According to Josephus, Phinehas officiated as high priest because ...

' sins including both the misappropriation of food brought to sacrifice at the shrine in Shiloh and also their sexual relations with "the women who assembled at the door of the tabernacle of meeting". The Septuagint and the Dead Sea Scrolls omit the latter issue. Eli hears of his sons' behaviour and challenges them to reform, but they take no account of his pleading. Then a "man of God" comes to Eli, a prophet of whom, says

Donald Spence Jones Henry Donald Maurice Spence (Spence Jones from 1904; 14 January 1836 - 2 November 1917) was an Anglican dean and author in the last decades of the 19th century and the start of the 20th. The son of the barrister and Chancery reformer George Sp ...

, "we know nothing".Spence, H D M
Ellicott's Commentary for Modern Readers on 1 Samuel 2
accessed 20 April 2017

Notes

References

Bibliography

Commentaries on Samuel

Shmuel I – Samuel I (Judaica Press)
translation ith_Rashi's_commentary.html"_;"title="Rashi.html"_;"title="ith_Rashi">ith_Rashi's_commentary">Rashi.html"_;"title="ith_Rashi">ith_Rashi's_commentaryat_Chabad.org * * * * *

__General_

* * * * *

__External_links_

;Masoretic_Text_ The_Masoretic_Text_(MT_or_𝕸;__he,_נֻסָּח_הַמָּסוֹרָה,_Nūssāḥ_Hammāsōrā,__lit._'Text_of_the_Tradition')_is_the_authoritative_Hebrew_and_Aramaic_text_of_the_24 books_of_the_Hebrew_Bible_(Tanakh)_in_Rabbinic_Judaism.__...

שמואל_א_''Shmuel_Aleph''_–_Samuel_A
(Hebrew_language.html" "title="Rashi">ith_Rashi's_commentary.html" ;"title="Rashi.html" ;"title="ith Rashi">ith Rashi's commentary">Rashi.html" ;"title="ith Rashi">ith Rashi's commentaryat Chabad.org * * * * *

General

* * * * *

External links

;

שמואל א ''Shmuel Aleph'' – Samuel A
(Hebrew language">Hebrew Hebrew (; ; ) is a Northwest Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family. Historically, it is one of the spoken languages of the Israelites and their longest-surviving descendants, the Jews and Samaritans. It was largely preserved ...

– English at Mechon-Mamre.org) ;Jewish translations
1 Samuel at Mechon-Mamre
(Jewish Publication Society translation) ;Christian translations *
Samuel 1 at Bible Gateway
;Related articles
Introduction to the book of 1 Samuel
from the NIV Study Bible {{DEFAULTSORT:Samuel 1 02 First Book of Samuel chapters, 02

Text

Textual witnesses

Period

Structure

Prophecy against Eli's household

See also

Notes

References

Bibliography

Commentaries on Samuel

__General_

__External_links_

General

External links