File:1995 Events Collage V2.png, From left, clockwise: O.J. Simpson is acquitted
In common law jurisdictions, an acquittal certifies that the accused is free from the charge of an offense, as far as criminal law is concerned. The finality of an acquittal is dependent on the jurisdiction. In some countries, such as the ...
of the murders of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Goldman
Ronald Lyle Goldman (July 2, 1968 – June 12, 1994) was an American restaurant waiter and a friend of Nicole Brown Simpson, the ex-wife of the American football player O.J. Simpson. He was murdered, along with Brown, at her home in Los Angeles ...
from the year prior in "The Trial of the Century" in the United States
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territori ...
; The Great Hanshin earthquake
The , or Kobe earthquake, occurred on January 17, 1995, at 05:46:53 JST (January 16 at 20:46:53 UTC) in the southern part of Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan, including the region known as Hanshin. It measured 6.9 on the moment magnitude scale and ha ...
strikes Kobe, Japan, killing 5,000-6,000 people; The Unabomber Manifesto
''Industrial Society and Its Future'', generally known as the ''Unabomber Manifesto'', is a 1995 anti-technology essay by Ted Kaczynski, the "Unabomber". The manifesto contends that the Industrial Revolution began a harmful process of natura ...
is published in several U.S. newspapers
A newspaper is a periodical publication containing written information about current events and is often typed in black ink with a white or gray background.
Newspapers can cover a wide variety of fields such as politics, business, sports ...
; Gravestones
A headstone, tombstone, or gravestone is a stele or marker, usually stone, that is placed over a grave. It is traditional for burials in the Christian, Jewish, and Muslim religions, among others. In most cases, it has the deceased's name, da ...
mark the victims of the Srebrenica massacre
The Srebrenica massacre ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Masakr u Srebrenici, Масакр у Сребреници), also known as the Srebrenica genocide ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Genocid u Srebrenici, Геноцид у Сребрен ...
near the end of the Bosnian War; Windows 95
Windows 95 is a consumer-oriented operating system developed by Microsoft as part of its Windows 9x family of operating systems. The first operating system in the 9x family, it is the successor to Windows 3.1x, and was released to manufacturi ...
is launched by Microsoft
Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational technology corporation producing computer software, consumer electronics, personal computers, and related services headquartered at the Microsoft Redmond campus located in Redmond, Washin ...
for PC; The first exoplanet, 51 Pegasi b
51 Pegasi b, officially named Dimidium , and formerly unofficially dubbed Bellerophon , is an extrasolar planet approximately away in the constellation of Pegasus. It was the first exoplanet to be discovered orbiting a main-sequence star, th ...
, is discovered; Space Shuttle Atlantis docks with the Space station Mir
''Mir'' (russian: Мир, ; ) was a space station that operated in low Earth orbit from 1986 to 2001, operated by the Soviet Union and later by Russia. ''Mir'' was the first modular space station and was assembled in orbit from 1986 to&n ...
in a display of U.S.-Russian cooperation; The Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building
The Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building was a United States federal government complex located at 200 N.W. 5th Street in downtown Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. On April 19, 1995, at 9:02 a.m. the building was the target of the Oklahoma City bombing ...
in Oklahoma City
Oklahoma City (), officially the City of Oklahoma City, and often shortened to OKC, is the capital and largest city of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The county seat of Oklahoma County, it ranks 20th among United States cities in population, a ...
is bombed by domestic terrorists, killing 168., 300x300px, thumb
rect 0 0 200 200 O. J. Simpson murder case
''The People of the State of California v. Orenthal James Simpson'' was a criminal trial in Los Angeles County Superior Court starting in 1994, in which O. J. Simpson, a former National Football League (NFL) player, broadcaster and actor, was ...
rect 200 0 400 200 Kobe earthquake
The , or Kobe earthquake, occurred on January 17, 1995, at 05:46:53 JST (January 16 at 20:46:53 UTC) in the southern part of Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan, including the region known as Hanshin. It measured 6.9 on the moment magnitude scale and h ...
rect 400 0 600 200 Unabomber Manifesto
''Industrial Society and Its Future'', generally known as the ''Unabomber Manifesto'', is a 1995 anti-technology essay by Ted Kaczynski, the "Unabomber". The manifesto contends that the Industrial Revolution began a harmful process of natura ...
rect 0 200 300 400 Oklahoma City bombing
The Oklahoma City bombing was a domestic terrorism in the United States, domestic terrorist truck bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States, on April 19, 1995. Perpetrated by two anti-federal go ...
rect 300 200 600 400 Srebrenica massacre
The Srebrenica massacre ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Masakr u Srebrenici, Масакр у Сребреници), also known as the Srebrenica genocide ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Genocid u Srebrenici, Геноцид у Сребрен ...
rect 0 400 200 600 Space Shuttle Atlantis
rect 200 400 400 600 51 Pegasi b
51 Pegasi b, officially named Dimidium , and formerly unofficially dubbed Bellerophon , is an extrasolar planet approximately away in the constellation of Pegasus. It was the first exoplanet to be discovered orbiting a main-sequence star, th ...
rect 400 400 600 600 Windows 95
Windows 95 is a consumer-oriented operating system developed by Microsoft as part of its Windows 9x family of operating systems. The first operating system in the 9x family, it is the successor to Windows 3.1x, and was released to manufacturi ...
1995 was designated as:
* United Nations Year for Tolerance
* World Year of Peoples' Commemoration of the Victims of the Second World War
This was the first year that the
Internet
The Internet (or internet) is the global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is a '' network of networks'' that consists of private, pub ...
was entirely privatized, with the United States government no longer providing public funding, marking the beginning of the
Information Age
The Information Age (also known as the Computer Age, Digital Age, Silicon Age, or New Media Age) is a historical period that began in the mid-20th century. It is characterized by a rapid shift from traditional industries, as established during ...
.
America Online and
Prodigy
Prodigy, Prodigies or The Prodigy may refer to:
* Child prodigy, a child who produces meaningful output to the level of an adult expert performer
** Chess prodigy, a child who can beat experienced adult players at chess
Arts, entertainment, and ...
offered access to the
World Wide Web
The World Wide Web (WWW), commonly known as the Web, is an information system enabling documents and other web resources to be accessed over the Internet.
Documents and downloadable media are made available to the network through web ...
system for the first time this year, releasing browsers that made it easily accessible to the general public.
Events
January
*
January 1
January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the yea ...
** The
World Trade Organization
The World Trade Organization (WTO) is an intergovernmental organization that regulates and facilitates international trade. With effective cooperation
in the United Nations System, governments use the organization to establish, revise, and ...
(WTO) is established to replace the
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT).
**
Austria
Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...
,
Finland
Finland ( fi, Suomi ; sv, Finland ), officially the Republic of Finland (; ), is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It shares land borders with Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of B ...
and
Sweden join the
European Union
The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. The union has a total area of and an estimated total population of about 447million. The EU has often been de ...
.
*
January 9 –
Valeri Polyakov
Valeri Vladimirovich Polyakov (russian: Валерий Владимирович Поляков, born Valeri Ivanovich Korshunov, russian: Валерий Иванович Коршунов, 27 April 1942 – 7 September 2022) was a Soviet and Rus ...
completes 366 days in space while aboard the
Mir
''Mir'' (russian: Мир, ; ) was a space station that operated in low Earth orbit from 1986 to 2001, operated by the Soviet Union and later by Russia. ''Mir'' was the first modular space station and was assembled in orbit from 1986 to&n ...
space station, breaking a duration record.
*
January 17
Events Pre-1600
*38 BC – Octavian divorces his wife Scribonia and marries Livia Drusilla, ending the fragile peace between the Second Triumvirate and Sextus Pompey.
* 1362 – Saint Marcellus' flood kills at least 25,000 people on ...
– The 6.9
Great Hanshin earthquake
The , or Kobe earthquake, occurred on January 17, 1995, at 05:46:53 JST (January 16 at 20:46:53 UTC) in the southern part of Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan, including the region known as Hanshin. It measured 6.9 on the moment magnitude scale and ha ...
strikes the southern
Hyōgo Prefecture of Japan with a maximum
Shindo of VII, leaving 5,502–6,434 people dead, and 251,301–310,000 displaced.
*
January 25 –
Norwegian rocket incident
The Norwegian rocket incident, also known as the Black Brant scare, occurred on January 25, 1995 when a team of Norwegian and American scientists launched a Black Brant XII four-stage sounding rocket from the Andøya Rocket Range off the northwe ...
: A rocket launched from the space exploration centre at
Andøya
Andøya is the northernmost island in the Vesterålen archipelago, situated about inside the Arctic circle. Andøya is located in Andøy Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The main population centres on the island include the villages of ...
, Norway, is briefly interpreted by the Russians as an incoming attack.
*
January 31
Events Pre-1600
* 314 – Pope Sylvester I is consecrated, as successor to the late Pope Miltiades.
*1208 – The Battle of Lena takes place between King Sverker II of Sweden and his rival, Prince Eric, whose victory puts him on the ...
–
Mexican peso crisis
The Mexican peso crisis was a currency crisis sparked by the Mexican government's sudden devaluation of the peso against the U.S. dollar in December 1994, which became one of the first international financial crises ignited by capital flight.
...
: U.S. President
Bill Clinton
William Jefferson Clinton ( né Blythe III; born August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He previously served as governor of Arkansas from 1979 to 1981 and agai ...
invokes emergency powers to extend a $20 billion loan to help Mexico avert financial collapse.
February
*
February 13 – Twenty-one
Bosnian Serb
The Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sr-Cyrl, Срби у Босни и Херцеговини, Srbi u Bosni i Hercegovini) are one of the three constitutive nations (state-forming nations) of the country, predominantly residing in the politi ...
commanders are charged with
genocide
Genocide is the intentional destruction of a people—usually defined as an ethnic, national, racial, or religious group—in whole or in part. Raphael Lemkin coined the term in 1944, combining the Greek word (, "race, people") with the Lat ...
and
crimes against humanity in the
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmoniz ...
'
International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, a tribunal on
human rights
Human rights are moral principles or normsJames Nickel, with assistance from Thomas Pogge, M.B.E. Smith, and Leif Wenar, 13 December 2013, Stanford Encyclopedia of PhilosophyHuman Rights Retrieved 14 August 2014 for certain standards of hu ...
violations during the
Wars in the Balkans.
*
February 21
Events Pre-1600
*452 or 453 – Severianus, Bishop of Scythopolis, is martyred in Palestine.
* 1245 – Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland, is granted resignation after confessing to torture and forgery.
*1440 – The Pru ...
–
Steve Fossett
James Stephen Fossett (April 22, 1944 – September 3, 2007) was an American businessman and a record-setting aviator, sailor, and adventurer. He was the first person to fly solo nonstop around the world in a balloon and in a fixed-wing aircraf ...
lands in
Leader, Saskatchewan
Leader is a town in southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada, located approximately directly east of Calgary, Alberta and is near the border between Saskatchewan and Alberta. It has a population of 863 as of 2016.
History
Before settlement, the Lea ...
, Canada, becoming the first person to make a solo flight across the Pacific Ocean in a
balloon
A balloon is a flexible bag that can be inflated with a gas, such as helium, hydrogen, nitrous oxide, oxygen, and air. For special tasks, balloons can be filled with smoke, liquid water, granular media (e.g. sand, flour or rice), or light so ...
.
*
February 25 – The
Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization
The Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization (ACTO) is an international organization aimed at the promotion of sustainable development of the Amazon Basin. Its member states are: Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Suriname and Venez ...
(ACTO) (Organización del Tratado de Cooperación Amazónica
TCA is formed.
*
February 26 – The United Kingdom's oldest investment banking firm,
Barings Bank
Barings Bank was a British merchant bank based in London, and one of England's oldest merchant banks after Berenberg Bank, Barings' close collaborator and German representative. It was founded in 1762 by Francis Baring, a British-born member ...
, collapses after securities broker
Nick Leeson
Nicholas William Leeson (born 25 February 1967) is an English former derivatives trader whose fraudulent, unauthorized and speculative trades resulted in the 1995 collapse of Barings Bank, the United Kingdom's oldest merchant bank. Leeson w ...
loses $1.4 billion by
speculating on the
Tokyo Stock Exchange
The , abbreviated as Tosho () or TSE/TYO, is a stock exchange located in Tokyo, Japan. It is the third largest stock exchange in the world by aggregate market capitalization of its listed companies, and the largest in Asia. It had 2,292 listed ...
.
March
*
March 1
Events Pre-1600
*509 BC – Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia.
* 293 – Emperor Diocletian ...
**
Julio María Sanguinetti
Julio María Sanguinetti Coirolo (; born 6 January 1936 in Montevideo, Uruguay) is a Uruguayan politician, lawyer and journalist, who twice served as President of Uruguay (from March 1985 until March 1990, and again, from March 1995 until Marc ...
is sworn in as
President of Uruguay for his second term.
** Polish Prime Minister
Waldemar Pawlak
Waldemar Pawlak (born 5 September 1959) is a Polish politician. He has twice served as Prime Minister of Poland, briefly in 1992 and again from 1993 to 1995. From November 2007 to November 2012 he served as Deputy Prime Minister and the Minist ...
resigns from Parliament and is replaced by ex-communist
Józef Oleksy
Józef Oleksy (; 22 June 1946 – 9 January 2015) was a Polish left-wing politician, former chairman of the Democratic Left Alliance (''Sojusz Lewicy Demokratycznej'', SLD).
Early life and education
In his youth he lived in Nowy Sącz, and wa ...
.
*
March 3
Events Pre-1600
* 473 – Gundobad (nephew of Ricimer) nominates Glycerius as emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
* 724 – Empress Genshō abdicates the throne in favor of her nephew Shōmu who becomes emperor of Japan.
* 1575 & ...
–
United Nations Operation in Somalia II
United Nations Operation in Somalia II (UNOSOM II) was the second phase of the United Nations intervention in Somalia and took place from March 1993 until March 1995, following the outbreak of the Somali Civil War in 1991.
UNOSOM II carried on ...
, the
United Nations peacekeeping
Peacekeeping by the United Nations is a role held by the Department of Peace Operations as an "instrument developed by the organization as a way to help countries torn by conflict to create the conditions for lasting peace". It is distinguished ...
mission in Somalia, ends.
*
March 14 – Astronaut
Norman Thagard
Norman Earl Thagard, M.D. (born July 3, 1943; Capt, USMC, Ret.), is an American scientist and former U.S. Marine Corps officer and naval aviator and NASA astronaut. He is the first American to ride to space on board a Russian vehicle, and ca ...
becomes the first American to ride into space aboard a Russian launch vehicle (the ''
Soyuz TM-21
Soyuz TM-21 was a crewed Soyuz spaceflight to ''Mir''. The mission launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome, atop a Soyuz-U2 carrier rocket, at 06:11:34 UTC on March 14, 1995. The flight marked the first time thirteen humans were flying in space simu ...
''), lifting off from the
Baikonur Cosmodrome in
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental country located mainly in Central Asia and partly in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the north and west, China to the east, Kyrgyzstan to the southeast, Uzbeki ...
.
*
March 20
Events Pre-1600
* 673 – Emperor Tenmu of Japan assumes the Chrysanthemum Throne at the Palace of Kiyomihara in Asuka.
* 1206 – Michael IV Autoreianos is appointed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople.
* 1600 – The Link ...
– Members of the doomsday cult
Aum Shinrikyo
, formerly , is a Japanese doomsday cult founded by Shoko Asahara in 1987. It carried out the deadly Tokyo subway sarin attack in 1995 and was found to have been responsible for the Matsumoto sarin attack the previous year.
The group says ...
carry out the
Tokyo subway sarin attack
The was an act of domestic terrorism perpetrated on 20 March 1995, in Tokyo, Japan, by members of the cult movement Aum Shinrikyo. In five coordinated attacks, the perpetrators released sarin on three lines of the Tokyo Metro (then ''Teito Rapi ...
, killing 14 people and leading to over a thousand injured. The attack remains the deadliest terrorist incident in Japanese history.
*
March 22
Events Pre-1600
* 106 – Start of the Bostran era, the calendar of the province of Arabia Petraea.
* 235 – Roman emperor Severus Alexander is murdered, marking the start of the Crisis of the Third Century.
* 871 – Æthelr ...
– Cosmonaut
Valeri Polyakov
Valeri Vladimirovich Polyakov (russian: Валерий Владимирович Поляков, born Valeri Ivanovich Korshunov, russian: Валерий Иванович Коршунов, 27 April 1942 – 7 September 2022) was a Soviet and Rus ...
returns after setting a record for 438 days in
outer space
Outer space, commonly shortened to space, is the expanse that exists beyond Earth and its atmosphere and between celestial bodies. Outer space is not completely empty—it is a near-perfect vacuum containing a low density of particles, pred ...
.
*
March 25 – Boxer
Mike Tyson is released from prison after serving nearly 3 years.
*
March 26
Events Pre-1600
* 590 – Emperor Maurice proclaims his son Theodosius as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
*1021 – On the feast of Eid al-Adha, the death of the Fatimid caliph al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, kept secret for six weeks, ...
– The
Schengen Agreement
The Schengen Agreement ( , ) is a treaty which led to the creation of Europe's Schengen Area, in which internal border checks have largely been abolished. It was signed on 14 June 1985, near the town of Schengen, Luxembourg, by five of the t ...
, easing cross-border travel, goes into effect in several European countries.
*
March 31
**
TAROM Flight 371
TAROM Flight 371 was a scheduled international passenger flight, with an Airbus A310 from Otopeni International Airport in Romania's capital Bucharest to Brussels Airport in Brussels, Belgium. The flight was operated by TAROM, the flag carrie ...
from
Bucharest
Bucharest ( , ; ro, București ) is the capital and largest city of Romania, as well as its cultural, industrial, and financial centre. It is located in the southeast of the country, on the banks of the Dâmbovița River, less than north of ...
to
Brussels
Brussels (french: Bruxelles or ; nl, Brussel ), officially the Brussels-Capital Region (All text and all but one graphic show the English name as Brussels-Capital Region.) (french: link=no, Région de Bruxelles-Capitale; nl, link=no, Bruss ...
crashes shortly after takeoff killing all 60 people on board.
**American singer
Selena
Selena Quintanilla Pérez (; April 16, 1971 – March 31, 1995), known mononymously as Selena, was an American Tejano singer. Called the " Queen of Tejano music", her contributions to music and fashion made her one of the most celebrated Mex ...
is
murdered by her fan club president,
Yolanda Saldívar
Yolanda Saldívar (; born September 19, 1960) is an American former nurse who was convicted of the murder of singer Selena in 1995. Saldívar had been the president of Selena's fan club and the manager of her boutiques, but she lost both positio ...
.
April
![Oklahomacitybombing-DF-ST-98-01356](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Oklahomacitybombing-DF-ST-98-01356.jpg)
*
April 7
Events Pre-1600
* 451 – Attila the Hun captures Metz in France, killing most of its inhabitants and burning the town.
* 529 – First ''Corpus Juris Civilis'', a fundamental work in jurisprudence, is issued by Eastern Roman Empe ...
–
First Chechen War –
Samashki massacre
The Samashki massacre (russian: Резня в Самашках) occurred on April 7–8, 1995, in the village of Samashki, at the border between Chechnya and Ingushetia. Numerous civilians died as result of a Russian '' cleansing operation.'' ...
: Russian paramilitary troops begin a massacre of at least 250 civilians in
Samashki
Samashki (russian: Самашки; ce, СемаӀашка, '' Semajaşka'') is a rural locality (a '' selo'') in Achkhoy-Martanovsky District, Chechnya. Samashki is the administrative center and only settlement of the Samashkinskoye rural settle ...
,
Chechnya.
*
April 19
Events Pre-1600
* AD 65 – The freedman Milichus betrays Piso's plot to kill the Emperor Nero and all the conspirators are arrested.
* 531 – Battle of Callinicum: A Byzantine army under Belisarius is defeated by the Persi ...
–
Oklahoma City bombing
The Oklahoma City bombing was a domestic terrorism in the United States, domestic terrorist truck bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States, on April 19, 1995. Perpetrated by two anti-federal go ...
: 168 people, including eight federal Marshals and 19 children, are killed at the
Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building
The Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building was a United States federal government complex located at 200 N.W. 5th Street in downtown Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. On April 19, 1995, at 9:02 a.m. the building was the target of the Oklahoma City bombing ...
and 680 are wounded by a bomb set off by
Timothy McVeigh
Timothy James McVeigh (April 23, 1968 – June 11, 2001) was an American domestic terrorist responsible for the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing that killed 168 people, 19 of whom were children, injured more than 680 others, and destroyed one-third ...
.
*
April 30
Events Pre-1600
*311 – The Diocletianic Persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire ends.
*1315 – Enguerrand de Marigny is hanged at the instigation of Charles, Count of Valois.
*1492 – Spain gives Christopher Columbus hi ...
– The United States government stops funding the
NSFNET
The National Science Foundation Network (NSFNET) was a program of coordinated, evolving projects sponsored by the National Science Foundation (NSF) from 1985 to 1995 to promote advanced research and education networking in the United States. The p ...
, making the
Internet
The Internet (or internet) is the global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is a '' network of networks'' that consists of private, pub ...
a wholly privatized system.
May
*
May 7
Events Pre-1600
* 351 – The Jewish revolt against Constantius Gallus breaks out after his arrival at Antioch.
* 558 – In Constantinople, the dome of the Hagia Sophia collapses, twenty years after its construction. Justinian I imm ...
–
Jacques Chirac is elected president of France.
*
May 10 – At
Vaal Reefs
Vaal Reefs is a gold bearing reef which is mined near the town of Orkney in Dr Kenneth Kaunda District Municipality in the North West province of South Africa.
The town of Orkney is home to a large gold mining operation originally owned by AngloG ...
gold mine in
Orkney, a runaway locomotive falls into a lift shaft onto an ascending cage and causes it to plunge to the bottom of the deep shaft, killing 104.
*
May 11 – More than 170 countries agree to extend the
Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty
The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, commonly known as the Non-Proliferation Treaty or NPT, is an international treaty whose objective is to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology, to promote cooperation ...
indefinitely and without conditions.
Sega launches the
Saturn game console in North America four months before its initial scheduled date.
*
May 13
Events Pre-1600
*1373 – Julian of Norwich has visions of Jesus while suffering from a life-threatening illness, visions which are later described and interpreted in her book '' Revelations of Divine Love''.
* 1501 – Amerigo Vespu ...
– The 6.6
Western Macedonia earthquake strikes northwestern
Greece
Greece,, or , romanized: ', officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the southern tip of the Balkans, and is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Greece shares land borders ...
with a maximum
Mercalli intensity
The Modified Mercalli intensity scale (MM, MMI, or MCS), developed from Giuseppe Mercalli's Mercalli intensity scale of 1902, is a seismic intensity scale used for measuring the intensity of shaking produced by an earthquake. It measures the eff ...
of VIII (''Severe''), injuring 25 and causing $450 million in damage.
*
May 14
Events Pre-1600
*1027 – Robert II of France names his son Henry I as junior King of the Franks.
* 1097 – The Siege of Nicaea begins during the First Crusade.
*1264 – Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured and force ...
– The
Dalai Lama
Dalai Lama (, ; ) is a title given by the Tibetan people to the foremost spiritual leader of the Gelug or "Yellow Hat" school of Tibetan Buddhism, the newest and most dominant of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism. The 14th and current D ...
proclaims 6-year-old
Gedhun Choekyi Nyima
Gedhun Choekyi Nyima (born 25 April 1989) is the Dalai Lama appointed 11th Panchen Lama belonging to the Gelugpa school of Tibetan Buddhism. The Central Government of China rejected such appointment. The 14th Dalai Lama recognized and announce ...
as the 11th
reincarnation
Reincarnation, also known as rebirth or transmigration, is the philosophical or religious concept that the non-physical essence of a living being begins a new life in a different physical form or body after biological death. Resurrection is ...
of the
Panchen Lama
The Panchen Lama () is a tulku of the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. Panchen Lama is one of the most important figures in the Gelug tradition, with its spiritual authority second only to Dalai Lama. Along with the council of high lamas, h ...
.
*
May 16 – Following the
Tokyo subway sarin attack
The was an act of domestic terrorism perpetrated on 20 March 1995, in Tokyo, Japan, by members of the cult movement Aum Shinrikyo. In five coordinated attacks, the perpetrators released sarin on three lines of the Tokyo Metro (then ''Teito Rapi ...
two months earlier, Japanese police besiege the headquarters of
Aum Shinrikyo
, formerly , is a Japanese doomsday cult founded by Shoko Asahara in 1987. It carried out the deadly Tokyo subway sarin attack in 1995 and was found to have been responsible for the Matsumoto sarin attack the previous year.
The group says ...
near
Mount Fuji and arrest cult leader
Shoko Asahara
, born , was the founder and leader of the Japanese doomsday cult known as Aum Shinrikyo. He was convicted of masterminding the deadly 1995 sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway, and was also involved in several other crimes. Asahara was sentenced ...
. Further police operations result in over two hundred arrests and thirteen members of the cult, including Asahara, are sentenced to death.
*
May 24 –
AFC Ajax
Amsterdamsche Football Club Ajax (), also known as AFC Ajax, Ajax Amsterdam, or simply Ajax, is a Dutch professional football club based in Amsterdam, that plays in the , the top tier in Dutch football. Historically, Ajax (named after the l ...
wins the
UEFA Champions League
The UEFA Champions League (abbreviated as UCL, or sometimes, UEFA CL) is an annual club football competition organised by the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) and contested by top-division European clubs, deciding the competi ...
at the
Ernst Happel Stadium
Ernst-Happel-Stadion (), known as Praterstadion until 1992, sometimes also called Wiener-Stadion, is a football stadium in Leopoldstadt, the 2nd district of Austria's capital Vienna. With 50,865 seats, it is the largest stadium in Austria. It ...
in
Vienna
en, Viennese
, iso_code = AT-9
, registration_plate = W
, postal_code_type = Postal code
, postal_code =
, timezone = CET
, utc_offset = +1
, timezone_DST ...
by defeating
A.C. Milan
Associazione Calcio Milan (), commonly referred to as AC Milan or simply Milan, is a professional Association football, football club in Milan, Italy, founded in 1899. The club has spent its entire history, with the exception of the 1980–81 ...
1–0.
*
May 28
Events Pre-1600
*585 BC – A solar eclipse occurs, as predicted by the Greek philosopher and scientist Thales, while Alyattes is battling Cyaxares in the Battle of the Eclipse, leading to a truce. This is one of the cardinal dates from ...
– The 7.0
Neftegorsk earthquake strikes northern
Sakhalin
Sakhalin ( rus, Сахали́н, r=Sakhalín, p=səxɐˈlʲin; ja, 樺太 ''Karafuto''; zh, c=, p=Kùyèdǎo, s=库页岛, t=庫頁島; Manchu: ᠰᠠᡥᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠨ, ''Sahaliyan''; Orok: Бугата на̄, ''Bugata nā''; Nivkh ...
Island in Russia with a maximum
Mercalli intensity
The Modified Mercalli intensity scale (MM, MMI, or MCS), developed from Giuseppe Mercalli's Mercalli intensity scale of 1902, is a seismic intensity scale used for measuring the intensity of shaking produced by an earthquake. It measures the eff ...
of IX (''Violent''), leaving 1,967 people dead and 750 injured.
June
*
June 2
Events Pre-1600
* 455 – Sack of Rome: Vandals enter Rome, and plunder the city for two weeks.
* 1098 – First Crusade: The first Siege of Antioch ends as Crusader forces take the city; the second siege began five days later. 1601 ...
**
Mrkonjić Grad incident
Scott Francis O'Grady (born October 12, 1965) is a former United States Air Force fighter pilot. On June 2, 1995, he was shot down over Bosnia and Herzegovina by a 2K12 Kub mobile SAM launcher and forced to eject from his F-16C into hostile t ...
: A United States Air Force
F-16 piloted by Captain
Scott O'Grady
Scott Francis O'Grady (born October 12, 1965) is a former United States Air Force fighter pilot. On June 2, 1995, he was shot down over Bosnia and Herzegovina by a 2K12 Kub mobile SAM launcher and forced to eject from his F-16C into hostile ter ...
is shot down over
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sh, / , ), abbreviated BiH () or B&H, sometimes called Bosnia–Herzegovina and often known informally as Bosnia, is a country at the crossroads of south and southeast Europe, located in the Balkans. Bosnia and H ...
while patrolling the
NATO
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, ; french: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, ), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 30 member states – 28 European and two No ...
no-fly zone
A no-fly zone, also known as a no-flight zone (NFZ), or air exclusion zone (AEZ), is a territory or area established by a military power over which certain aircraft are not permitted to fly. Such zones are usually set up in an enemy power's te ...
. O'Grady is rescued by
U.S. Marines
The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines, is the maritime land force service branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for conducting expeditionary and amphibious operations through combi ...
six days later.
**
Waffen-SS
The (, "Armed SS") was the combat branch of the Nazi Party's ''Schutzstaffel'' (SS) organisation. Its formations included men from Nazi Germany, along with Waffen-SS foreign volunteers and conscripts, volunteers and conscripts from both occup ...
Hauptsturmführer
__NOTOC__
(, ; short: ''Hstuf'') was a Nazi Party paramilitary rank that was used in several Nazi organizations such as the SS, NSKK and the NSFK. The rank of ''Hauptsturmführer'' was a mid-level commander and had equivalent seniority to a ...
Erich Priebke
Erich Priebke (29 July 1913 – 11 October 2013) was a German mid-level SS commander in the SS police force (SiPo) of Nazi Germany. In 1996, he was convicted of war crimes in Italy, for commanding the unit which was responsible for the Ar ...
is
extradited
Extradition is an action wherein one jurisdiction delivers a person accused or convicted of committing a crime in another jurisdiction, over to the other's law enforcement. It is a cooperative law enforcement procedure between the two jurisdi ...
from
Argentina
Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th ...
to Italy.
*
June 6
** U.S. astronaut
Norman Thagard
Norman Earl Thagard, M.D. (born July 3, 1943; Capt, USMC, Ret.), is an American scientist and former U.S. Marine Corps officer and naval aviator and NASA astronaut. He is the first American to ride to space on board a Russian vehicle, and ca ...
breaks
NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agencies of the United States government, independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the civil List of government space agencies, space program ...
's space endurance record of 14 days, 1 hour and 16 minutes, aboard the Russian space station
Mir
''Mir'' (russian: Мир, ; ) was a space station that operated in low Earth orbit from 1986 to 2001, operated by the Soviet Union and later by Russia. ''Mir'' was the first modular space station and was assembled in orbit from 1986 to&n ...
.
** The
Constitutional Court of South Africa abolishes
capital punishment in South Africa
Capital punishment in South Africa was abolished on 6 June 1995 by the ruling of the Constitutional Court in the case of ''S v Makwanyane'', following a five-year and four-month moratorium since February 1990.
History
The standard method for ca ...
in the case of ''
S v Makwanyane and Another''.
*
June 13
Events Pre-1600
* 313 – The decisions of the Edict of Milan, signed by Constantine the Great and co-emperor Valerius Licinius, granting religious freedom throughout the Roman Empire, are published in Nicomedia.
* 1325 – Ibn Battuta ...
– French President
Jacques Chirac announces the resumption of nuclear tests in
French Polynesia.
*
June 16
Events Pre-1600
* 363 – Emperor Julian marches back up the Tigris and burns his fleet of supply ships. During the withdrawal, Roman forces suffer several attacks from the Persians.
* 632 – Yazdegerd III ascends the throne as king ...
– The IOC selects
Salt Lake City
Salt Lake City (often shortened to Salt Lake and abbreviated as SLC) is the capital and most populous city of Utah, United States. It is the seat of Salt Lake County, the most populous county in Utah. With a population of 200,133 in 2020, th ...
to host the
2002 Winter Olympics
The 2002 Winter Olympics, officially the XIX Olympic Winter Games and commonly known as Salt Lake 2002 ( arp, Niico'ooowu' 2002; Gosiute Shoshoni: ''Tit'-so-pi 2002''; nv, Sooléí 2002; Shoshoni: ''Soónkahni 2002''), was an internation ...
.
*
June 22
Events Pre-1600
* 217 BC – Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV Philopator of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom.
* 168 BC – Battle of Pydna: Romans under Lucius Aemilius Paullus defeat Macedonian King Perseus ...
– Japanese police rescue 365 hostages from a hijacked
All Nippon Airways
, also known as ANA (''Ē-enu-ē'') or is an airline in Japan. Its headquarters are located in Shiodome City Center in the Shiodome area of Minato ward of Tokyo. It operates services to both domestic and international destinations and had m ...
Flight 857 (
Boeing 747-200
The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2022.
After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet times its size, t ...
) at Hakodate airport. The hijacker was armed with a knife and demanded the release of
Shoko Asahara
, born , was the founder and leader of the Japanese doomsday cult known as Aum Shinrikyo. He was convicted of masterminding the deadly 1995 sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway, and was also involved in several other crimes. Asahara was sentenced ...
.
*
June 24
Events Pre-1600
*1312 BC – Mursili II launches a campaign against the Kingdom of Azzi-Hayasa.
* 109 – Roman emperor Trajan inaugurates the Aqua Traiana, an aqueduct that channels water from Lake Bracciano, northwest of Rome. ...
– South Africa wins the
Rugby World Cup
The Rugby World Cup is a men's rugby union tournament contested every four years between the top international teams. The tournament is administered by World Rugby, the sport's international governing body. The winners are awarded the Webb E ...
.
*
June 29
Events Pre-1600
* 226 – Cao Rui succeeds his father as emperor of the Kingdom of Wei.
*1149 – Raymond of Poitiers is defeated and killed at the Battle of Inab by Nur ad-Din Zangi.
* 1194 – Sverre is crowned King of Norway, ...
**
Lisa Clayton completes her 10-month solo
circumnavigation
Circumnavigation is the complete navigation around an entire island, continent, or astronomical body (e.g. a planet or moon). This article focuses on the circumnavigation of Earth.
The first recorded circumnavigation of the Earth was the Mage ...
from the Northern Hemisphere.
** ''
STS-71'':
Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' docks with the Russian Mir
space station for the first time.
** The
Sampoong Department Store collapses in the Seocho-gu district of
Seoul
Seoul (; ; ), officially known as the Seoul Special City, is the capital and largest metropolis of South Korea.Before 1972, Seoul was the ''de jure'' capital of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) as stated iArticle 103 of ...
, South Korea, killing 502 and injuring 937.
**
Iraq disarmament crisis
The Iraq disarmament crisis was claimed as one of primary issues that led to the multinational invasion of Iraq on 20 March 2003. Since the 1980s, Iraq was widely assumed to have been producing and extensively running the programs of biologi ...
: According to UNSCOM, the unity of the U.N. Security Council begins to fray, as a few countries, particularly France and Russia, become more interested in making financial deals with
Iraq
Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, the Persian Gulf and K ...
than in disarming the country.
July
![Srebrenica Massacre - Exhumed Grave of Victims - Potocari 2007](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Srebrenica_Massacre_-_Exhumed_Grave_of_Victims_-_Potocari_2007.jpg)
* July –
Iraq disarmament crisis
The Iraq disarmament crisis was claimed as one of primary issues that led to the multinational invasion of Iraq on 20 March 2003. Since the 1980s, Iraq was widely assumed to have been producing and extensively running the programs of biologi ...
: Iraq threatens to end all cooperation with UNSCOM and IAEA, if sanctions against the country are not lifted by
August 31
Events Pre-1600
* 1056 – After a sudden illness a few days previously, Byzantine Empress Theodora dies childless, thus ending the Macedonian dynasty.
* 1057 – Abdication of Byzantine Emperor Michael VI Bringas after just one year ...
. Following the defection of his son-in-law,
Hussein Kamel al-Majid
Colonel General Hussein Kamel Hassan al-Majid ( ar, حسين كامل حسن المجيد) ( 1954 – 23 February 1996) was the son-in-law and second cousin of Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein. He defected to Jordan and assisted United Nations S ...
,
Saddam Hussein
Saddam Hussein ( ; ar, صدام حسين, Ṣaddām Ḥusayn; 28 April 1937 – 30 December 2006) was an Iraqi politician who served as the fifth president of Iraq from 16 July 1979 until 9 April 2003. A leading member of the revolutio ...
makes new revelations about the full extent of Iraq's biological and nuclear weapons programs. Iraq also withdraws its last U.N. declaration of prohibited biological weapons and turns over a large amount of new documents on its WMD programs.
*
July 1 – Iraq disarmament crisis: In response to UNSCOM's evidence, Iraq admits for first time the existence of an offensive biological weapons program, but denies weaponization.
*
July 4
Events Pre-1600
*362 BC – Battle of Mantinea: The Thebans, led by Epaminondas, defeated the Spartans.
* 414 – Emperor Theodosius II, age 13, yields power to his older sister Aelia Pulcheria, who reigned as regent and proclaime ...
–
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
The prime minister of the United Kingdom is the head of government of the United Kingdom. The prime minister advises the sovereign on the exercise of much of the royal prerogative, chairs the Cabinet and selects its ministers. As modern ...
John Major is
re-elected as leader of the
Conservative Party.
*
July 9 –
Sri Lankan Civil War: 125 civilians are
killed in
Navaly as result of bombing by the
Sri Lanka Air Force.
*
July 10
Events Pre-1600
* 138 – Emperor Hadrian of Rome dies of heart failure at his residence on the bay of Naples, Baiae; he is buried at Rome in the Tomb of Hadrian beside his late wife, Vibia Sabina.
* 645 – Isshi Incident: Prin ...
– Burmese dissident
Aung San Suu Kyi
Aung San Suu Kyi (; ; born 19 June 1945) is a Burmese politician, diplomat, author, and a 1991 Nobel Peace Prize laureate who served as State Counsellor of Myanmar (equivalent to a prime minister) and Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2 ...
is freed from house arrest.
*
July 11
Events Pre-1600
* 472 – After being besieged in Rome by his own generals, Western Roman Emperor Anthemius is captured in St. Peter's Basilica and put to death.
* 813 – Byzantine emperor Michael I, under threat by conspiracies, ...
**
Srebrenica massacre
The Srebrenica massacre ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Masakr u Srebrenici, Масакр у Сребреници), also known as the Srebrenica genocide ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Genocid u Srebrenici, Геноцид у Сребрен ...
: Units of the
Army of Republika Srpska
The Army of Republika Srpska ( sr, Војска Републике Српске/Vojska Republike Srpske; ВРС/VRS), commonly referred to in English as the Bosnian Serb Army, was the military of Republika Srpska (RS), the self-proclaimed Serb ...
,
under the command of
General
A general officer is an officer of high rank in the armies, and in some nations' air forces, space forces, and marines or naval infantry.
In some usages the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colonel."general, adj. and n.". OED ...
Ratko Mladić
Ratko Mladić ( sr-Cyrl, Ратко Младић, ; born 12 March 1942) is a Bosnian Serb convicted war criminal and colonel-general who led the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS) during the Yugoslav Wars. In 2017, he was found guilty of committing ...
, enter
Srebrenica
Srebrenica ( sr-cyrl, Сребреница, ) is a town and municipality located in the easternmost part of Republika Srpska, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is a small mountain town, with its main industry being salt mining and a nearby ...
with little resistance from Dutch
peacekeepers of the
United Nations Protection Force
The United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR; also known by its French acronym FORPRONU: ''Force de Protection des Nations Unies'') was the first United Nations peacekeeping force in Croatia and in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the Yugoslav War ...
, going on to kill thousands of
Bosniak men and boys and
rape
Rape is a type of sexual assault usually involving sexual intercourse or other forms of sexual penetration carried out against a person without their consent. The act may be carried out by physical force, coercion, abuse of authority, or ...
many women.
** President Clinton announces the restoration of
United States–Vietnam relations
After a 20-year hiatus of severed ties, then- U.S. President Bill Clinton announced the formal normalization of diplomatic relations between the United States of America and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam on July 11, 1995. Subsequent to P ...
twenty years after the
Vietnam War
The Vietnam War (also known by other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vietnam a ...
.
** A
Cubana de Aviación
Cubana de Aviación S.A., commonly known as Cubana, is Cuba's flag carrier, as well as the country's largest airline. It was founded in , becoming one of the earliest airlines to emerge in Latin America. It has its corporate headquarters in Ha ...
Antonov An-24
The Antonov An-24 (Russian/Ukrainian: Антонов Ан-24) ( NATO reporting name: Coke) is a 44-seat twin turboprop transport/passenger aircraft designed in 1957 in the Soviet Union by the Antonov Design Bureau and manufactured by Kyiv, Ir ...
crashes into the
Caribbean off southeast
Cuba
Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...
killing 44 people.
![Taiwan Strait](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Taiwan_Strait.png)
*
July 21
Events Pre-1600
* 356 BC – The Temple of Artemis in Ephesus, one of the Seven Wonders of the World, is destroyed by arson.
* 230 – Pope Pontian succeeds Urban I as the eighteenth pope. After being exiled to Sardinia, he became t ...
–
26 –
Third Taiwan Strait Crisis
The Third Taiwan Strait Crisis, also called the 1995–1996 Taiwan Strait Crisis or the 1996 Taiwan Strait Crisis, was the effect of a series of missile tests conducted by the People's Republic of China (PRC) in the waters surrounding Taiwan ...
: The Chinese
People's Liberation Army fires missiles into the waters north of
Taiwan
Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the nort ...
.
August
* August – The
International Rugby Football Board declares that
rugby union
Rugby union, commonly known simply as rugby, is a close-contact team sport that originated at Rugby School in the first half of the 19th century. One of the two codes of rugby football, it is based on running with the ball in hand. In it ...
players may be professional.
*
August 4
Events Pre-1600
* 598 – Goguryeo-Sui War: In response to a Goguryeo (Korean) incursion into Liaoxi, Emperor Wéndi of Sui orders his youngest son, Yang Liang (assisted by the co-prime minister Gao Jiong), to conquer Goguryeo during th ...
–
Croatia
, image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg
, image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg
, anthem = "Lijepa naša domovino"("Our Beautiful Homeland")
, image_map =
, map_caption =
, capit ...
n forces, with the cooperation of the
ARBiH
The Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina ( bs, Armija Republike Bosne i Hercegovine or ARBiH), often referred to as Bosnian Army, was the military force of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It was established by the government of ...
, launch
Operation Storm
}) was the last major battle of the Croatian War of Independence and a major factor in the outcome of the Bosnian War. It was a decisive victory for the Croatian Army (HV), which attacked across a front against the self-declared proto-state Re ...
against rebel forces of the
Republic of Serbian Krajina
The Republic of Serbian Krajina or Serb Republic of Krajina ( sh, Република Српска Крајина, italics=no / or РСК / ''RSK'', ), known as the Serbian Krajina ( / ) or simply Krajina, was a self-proclaimed Serb proto-state, ...
, which subsequently ceases to exist as a political entity.
*
August 7
Events Pre-1600
* 461 – Roman Emperor Majorian is beheaded near the river Iria in north-west Italy following his arrest and deposition by the ''magister militum'' Ricimer.
* 626 – The Avar and Slav armies leave the siege of Co ...
– The Chilean government declares
state of emergency in the southern half of the country in response to an event of intense, cold, wind, rain and snowfall known as the
White Earthquake
image:Terremotoblanco.jpg, 400px, Map of Chile showing communes in state of catastrophe during the White Earthquake in red. Communes in pink were declared zones of "agrarian emergency". Communes in both state of catastrophe and agrarian emergency a ...
.
*
August 14 - The Nepali Prime Minister
Man Mohan Adhikari
Man Mohan Adhikari (Magi) ( ne, मन मोहन अधिकारी 9 June 1920 – 26 April 1999) was the 31st Prime Minister of Nepal from 1994 to 1995, representing the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist). He is the ...
along with seven other high-ranking officials survives Helicopter crash.
*
August 16 –
Bermuda
)
, anthem = "God Save the King"
, song_type = National song
, song = "Hail to Bermuda"
, image_map =
, map_caption =
, image_map2 =
, mapsize2 =
, map_caption2 =
, subdivision_type = Sovereign state
, subdivision_name =
, es ...
ns reject independence in a
referendum
A referendum (plural: referendums or less commonly referenda) is a direct vote by the electorate on a proposal, law, or political issue. This is in contrast to an issue being voted on by a representative. This may result in the adoption of a ...
.
*
August 29
Events Pre-1600
* 708 – Copper coins are minted in Japan for the first time (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 708).
* 870 – The city of Melite surrenders to an Aghlabid army following a siege, putting an end to Byzantine M ...
–
Eduard Shevardnadze
Eduard Ambrosis dze Shevardnadze ( ka, ედუარდ ამბროსის ძე შევარდნაძე}, romanized: ; 25 January 1928 – 7 July 2014) was a Soviet and Georgian politician and diplomat who governed Georgia fo ...
, the
Georgian
Georgian may refer to:
Common meanings
* Anything related to, or originating from Georgia (country)
** Georgians, an indigenous Caucasian ethnic group
** Georgian language, a Kartvelian language spoken by Georgians
**Georgian scripts, three scrip ...
head of state
A head of state (or chief of state) is the public persona who officially embodies a state Foakes, pp. 110–11 " he head of statebeing an embodiment of the State itself or representatitve of its international persona." in its unity and l ...
, survives an assassination attempt in
Tbilisi
Tbilisi ( ; ka, თბილისი ), in some languages still known by its pre-1936 name Tiflis ( ), is the capital and the largest city of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Kura River with a population of approximately 1.5 million p ...
.
*
August 30
Events Pre-1600
* 70 – Titus ends the siege of Jerusalem after destroying Herod's Temple.
* 1282 – Peter III of Aragon lands at Trapani to intervene in the War of the Sicilian Vespers.
*1363 – The five-week Battle of Lake ...
– The
NATO
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, ; french: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, ), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 30 member states – 28 European and two No ...
bombing campaign against Bosnian Serb artillery positions begins in
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sh, / , ), abbreviated BiH () or B&H, sometimes called Bosnia–Herzegovina and often known informally as Bosnia, is a country at the crossroads of south and southeast Europe, located in the Balkans. Bosnia and H ...
, continuing into September. At the same time, ARBiH forces begin an offensive against the Bosnian Serb Army around Sarajevo, central Bosnia and
Bosnian Krajina
Bosanska Krajina ( sr-cyrl, Босанска Крајина, ) is a geographical region, a subregion of Bosnia, in western Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is enclosed by a number of rivers, namely the Sava (north), Glina (northwest), Vrbanja and Vrbas ...
.
September
* September – The European Parliament elects the first
European Ombudsman
The European Ombudsman is an inter-institutional body of the European Union that holds the institutions, bodies and agencies of the EU to account, and promotes good administration. The Ombudsman helps people, businesses and organisations facing ...
,
Jacob Söderman, who takes up office in September 1995.
*
September 3
Events Pre-1600
*36 BC – In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompey, son of Pompey, thus ending Pompeian resistance to the Second Triumvirate.
* 301 – San Marino, one of the ...
–
eBay
eBay Inc. ( ) is an American multinational e-commerce company based in San Jose, California, that facilitates consumer-to-consumer and business-to-consumer sales through its website. eBay was founded by Pierre Omidyar in 1995 and became ...
is founded by
Pierre Omidyar.
*
September 4
Events Pre-1600
* 476 – Romulus Augustulus is deposed when Odoacer proclaims himself "King of Italy", thus ending the Western Roman Empire.
* 626 – Li Shimin, posthumously known as Emperor Taizong of Tang, assumes the throne ove ...
–
15 The
Fourth World Conference on Women
The Fourth World Conference on Women: Action for Equality, Development and Peace was the name given for a conference convened by the United Nations during 4–15 September 1995 in Beijing, China.
At this conference, governments from around the ...
in Beijing with over 4,750 delegates from 181 countries in attendance.
*
September 6
Events Pre-1600
* 394 – Battle of the Frigidus: Roman emperor Theodosius I defeats and kills Eugenius the usurper. His Frankish ''magister militum'' Arbogast escapes but commits suicide two days later.
*1492 – Christopher Colu ...
–
NATO air strikes against Bosnian Serb forces continue, after repeated attempts at a solution to the Bosnian War fail.
*
September 9
Events Pre-1600
* 337 – Constantine II, Constantius II, and Constans succeed their father Constantine I as co-emperors. The Roman Empire is divided between the three Augusti.
*1000 – Battle of Svolder, Viking Age.
* 1141 – ...
–
Sony
, commonly stylized as SONY, is a Japanese multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, Japan. As a major technology company, it operates as one of the world's largest manufacturers of consumer and professiona ...
enters the North American video game market with the release of the
PlayStation.
*
September 19
Events Pre-1600
* 85 – Nerva, suspected of complicity of the death of Domitian, is declared emperor by Senate. The Senate then annuls laws passed by Domitian and orders his statues to be destroyed.
* 634 – Siege of Damascus: Th ...
– ''
The Washington Post
''The Washington Post'' (also known as the ''Post'' and, informally, ''WaPo'') is an American daily newspaper published in Washington, D.C. It is the most widely circulated newspaper within the Washington metropolitan area and has a large nati ...
'' and ''
The New York Times
''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid d ...
'' publish the
Unabomber manifesto
''Industrial Society and Its Future'', generally known as the ''Unabomber Manifesto'', is a 1995 anti-technology essay by Ted Kaczynski, the "Unabomber". The manifesto contends that the Industrial Revolution began a harmful process of natura ...
*
September 26
Events
Pre-1600
*46 BC – Julius Caesar dedicates a temple to Venus Genetrix, fulfilling a vow he made at the Battle of Pharsalus.
* 715 – Ragenfrid defeats Theudoald at the Battle of Compiègne.
*1087 – William II is crown ...
– The trial against former Italian Prime Minister
Giulio Andreotti, who is accused of
Mafia
"Mafia" is an informal term that is used to describe criminal organizations that bear a strong similarity to the original “Mafia”, the Sicilian Mafia and Italian Mafia. The central activity of such an organization would be the arbitration of d ...
connections, begins.
*
September 27
Events Pre-1600
*1066 – William the Conqueror and his army set sail from the mouth of the Somme river, beginning the Norman conquest of England.
* 1331 – The Battle of Płowce is fought, between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teuton ...
–
28 –
Bob Denard
Robert Denard (born Gilbert Bourgeaud; 7 April 1929 – 13 October 2007) was a French soldier of fortune and mercenary. He served as the Military Leader of The Comoros twice with him first serving from 13 May 1978 to 15 December 1989 and again ...
's
mercenaries capture President Said Mohammed Djohor of the
Comoros; the local army does not resist.
October
*
October 3
Events Pre-1600
* 2457 BC – Gaecheonjeol, Hwanung (환웅) purportedly descended from heaven. South Korea's National Foundation Day.
* 52 BC – Gallic Wars: Vercingetorix, leader of the Gauls, surrenders to the Romans under Juliu ...
–
O. J. Simpson is found not guilty of double murder for the deaths of former wife
Nicole Brown Simpson and
Ronald Goldman
Ronald Lyle Goldman (July 2, 1968 – June 12, 1994) was an American restaurant waiter and a friend of Nicole Brown Simpson, the ex-wife of the American football player O.J. Simpson. He was murdered, along with Brown, at her home in Los Angeles ...
.
*
October 5
Events Pre-1600
* 610 – Heraclius arrives at Constantinople, kills Byzantine Emperor Phocas, and becomes emperor.
* 816 – King Louis the Pious is crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by the Pope.
* 869 – The Fourth Coun ...
–
Tansu Çiller
Tansu Çiller (; born 24 May 1946) is a Turkish academic, economist and politician who served as the 22nd Prime Minister of Turkey from 1993 to 1996. She is Turkey's first and only female prime minister to date. As the leader of the True Path ...
of
DYP forms the new government of
Turkey
Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a small portion on the Balkan Peninsula in ...
(51st government, a minority government which failed to receive the vote of confidence).
*
October 6
Events Pre-1600
* 105 BC – Cimbrian War: Defeat at the Battle of Arausio accelerates the Marian reforms of the Roman army of the mid-Republic.
* 69 BC – Third Mithridatic War: The military of the Roman Republic subdue Armenia.
*A ...
–
Michel Mayor
Michel Gustave Édouard Mayor (; born 12 January 1942) is a Swiss astrophysicist and professor emeritus at the University of Geneva's Department of Astronomy. He formally retired in 2007, but remains active as a researcher at the Observatory o ...
and
Didier Queloz
Didier Patrick Queloz (; born 23 February 1966) is a Swiss astronomer. He is the Jacksonian Professor of Natural Philosophy at the University of Cambridge, where he is also a fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, as well as a professor at the ...
announce the discovery of
51 Pegasi b
51 Pegasi b, officially named Dimidium , and formerly unofficially dubbed Bellerophon , is an extrasolar planet approximately away in the constellation of Pegasus. It was the first exoplanet to be discovered orbiting a main-sequence star, th ...
, the first confirmed
extrasolar planet
An exoplanet or extrasolar planet is a planet outside the Solar System. The first possible evidence of an exoplanet was noted in 1917 but was not recognized as such. The first confirmation of detection occurred in 1992. A different planet, init ...
orbiting an ordinary
main-sequence
In astronomy, the main sequence is a continuous and distinctive band of stars that appears on plots of stellar color versus brightness. These color-magnitude plots are known as Hertzsprung–Russell diagrams after their co-developers, Ejnar He ...
star.
*
October 16
Events Pre-1600
* 456 – Ricimer defeats Avitus at Piacenza and becomes master of the Western Roman Empire.
* 690 – Empress Wu Zetian ascends to the throne of the Tang dynasty and proclaims herself ruler of the Chinese Empire.
* ...
– The
Million Man March
The Million Man March was a large gathering of African-American men in Washington, D.C., on October 16, 1995. Called by Louis Farrakhan, it was held on and around the National Mall. The National African American Leadership Summit, a leadin ...
is held in
Washington, D.C.
)
, image_skyline =
, image_caption = Clockwise from top left: the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall, United States Capitol, Logan Circle, Jefferson Memorial, White House, Adams Morgan, ...
The event was conceived by
Nation of Islam leader
Louis Farrakhan
Louis Farrakhan (; born Louis Eugene Walcott, May 11, 1933) is an American religious leader, Black supremacy, black supremacist, Racism, anti-white and Antisemitism, antisemitic Conspiracy theory, conspiracy theorist, and former singer who hea ...
.
*
October 24
Events Pre-1600
* AD 69 – In the Second Battle of Bedriacum, troops loyal to Vespasian defeat those of Emperor Vitellius.
*1260 – Chartres Cathedral is dedicated in the presence of King Louis IX of France.
* 1360 – The T ...
– A
total solar eclipse
A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby obscuring the view of the Sun from a small part of the Earth, totally or partially. Such an alignment occurs during an eclipse season, approximately every six month ...
is visible from Iran, India, Thailand, and Southeast Asia.
*
October 25
Events Pre-1600
* 285 (or 286) – Execution of Saints Crispin and Crispinian during the reign of Diocletian, now the patron saints of leather workers, curriers, and shoemakers.
* 473 – Emperor Leo I acclaims his grandson Leo II a ...
–
A commuter train slams into a school bus in Fox River Grove, Illinois, killing seven students.
*
October 26
Events Pre-1600
* 1185 – The Uprising of Asen and Peter begins on the feast day of St. Demetrius of Thessaloniki and ends with the creation of the Second Bulgarian Empire.
* 1341 – The Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347 formally b ...
– An
avalanche
An avalanche is a rapid flow of snow down a slope, such as a hill or mountain.
Avalanches can be set off spontaneously, by such factors as increased precipitation or snowpack weakening, or by external means such as humans, animals, and eart ...
hits the village
Flateyri
Flateyri ( Icelandic: ) is a village situated in Iceland's Westfjords. It is part of the municipality of Ísafjarðarbær and has a population of approximately 200, making it the largest settlement in Önundarfjörður.
History
Flateyri has been ...
in
Iceland
Iceland ( is, Ísland; ) is a Nordic island country in the North Atlantic Ocean and in the Arctic Ocean. Iceland is the most sparsely populated country in Europe. Iceland's capital and largest city is Reykjavík, which (along with its s ...
, killing 20 people. It was the second of two deadly avalanches that occurred in Iceland during the calendar year.
*
October 28
Events Pre-1600
* 97 – Roman emperor Nerva is forced by the Praetorian Guard to adopt general Marcus Ulpius Trajanus as his heir and successor.
* 306 – Maxentius is proclaimed Roman emperor.
* 312 – Constantine I defe ...
– A
fire in Baku Metro,
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan (, ; az, Azərbaycan ), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, , also sometimes officially called the Azerbaijan Republic is a transcontinental country located at the boundary of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is a part of t ...
, kills 289 passengers, becoming the world's worst subway disaster.
*
October 30
Events Pre-1600
* 637 – Arab–Byzantine wars: Antioch surrenders to the Rashidun Caliphate after the Battle of the Iron Bridge.
* 758 – Guangzhou is sacked by Arab and Persian pirates.
*1137 – Ranulf of Apulia defeats Ro ...
**
Quebec
Quebec ( ; )According to the Canadian government, ''Québec'' (with the acute accent) is the official name in Canadian French and ''Quebec'' (without the accent) is the province's official name in Canadian English is one of the thirtee ...
independentists narrowly lose a
referendum
A referendum (plural: referendums or less commonly referenda) is a direct vote by the electorate on a proposal, law, or political issue. This is in contrast to an issue being voted on by a representative. This may result in the adoption of a ...
for a mandate to negotiate independence from Canada.
**
Tansu Çiller
Tansu Çiller (; born 24 May 1946) is a Turkish academic, economist and politician who served as the 22nd Prime Minister of Turkey from 1993 to 1996. She is Turkey's first and only female prime minister to date. As the leader of the True Path ...
of
DYP forms the new government of
Turkey
Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a small portion on the Balkan Peninsula in ...
.
November
* November – The
India
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...
n government officially renames the city of Bombay, restoring the name
Mumbai
Mumbai (, ; also known as Bombay — List of renamed Indian cities and states#Maharashtra, the official name until 1995) is the capital city of the Indian States and union territories of India, state of Maharashtra and the ''de facto'' fin ...
.
*
November 1
Events Pre-1600
*365 – The Alemanni cross the Rhine and invade Gaul. Emperor Valentinian I moves to Paris to command the army and defend the Gallic cities.
* 996 – Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk, Bishop of Freisin ...
** The last signal is received from
NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agencies of the United States government, independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the civil List of government space agencies, space program ...
's ''
Pioneer 11
''Pioneer 11'' (also known as ''Pioneer G'') is a robotic space probe launched by NASA on April 5, 1973, to study the asteroid belt, the environment around Jupiter and Saturn, solar winds, and cosmic rays. It was the first probe to encounter ...
'' spacecraft.
** Participants in the
Yugoslav Wars
The Yugoslav Wars were a series of separate but related Naimark (2003), p. xvii. ethnic conflicts, wars of independence, and insurgencies that took place in the SFR Yugoslavia from 1991 to 2001. The conflicts both led up to and resulted from ...
begin negotiations at the
Wright-Patterson Air Force Base
Wright-Patterson Air Force Base (WPAFB) is a United States Air Force base and census-designated place just east of Dayton, Ohio, in Greene and Montgomery counties. It includes both Wright and Patterson Fields, which were originally Wilbur Wr ...
in
Dayton, Ohio
Dayton () is the sixth-largest city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Montgomery County. A small part of the city extends into Greene County. The 2020 U.S. census estimate put the city population at 137,644, while Greater D ...
.
*
November 2
Events Pre-1600
* 619 – A qaghan of the Western Turkic Khaganate is assassinated in a Chinese palace by Eastern Turkic rivals after the approval of Tang emperor Gaozu.
* 1410 – The Peace of Bicêtre suspends hostilities in the ...
– The
Supreme Court of Argentina
The Supreme Court of Argentina ( es, link=no, Corte Suprema de Argentina), officially known as the Supreme Court of Justice of the Argentine Nation ( es, link=no, Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación Argentina, CSJN), is the highest court of l ...
orders the extradition of ex-S.S. captain
Erich Priebke
Erich Priebke (29 July 1913 – 11 October 2013) was a German mid-level SS commander in the SS police force (SiPo) of Nazi Germany. In 1996, he was convicted of war crimes in Italy, for commanding the unit which was responsible for the Ar ...
.
*
November 4
Events Pre-1600
*1429 – Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War: Joan of Arc liberates Saint-Pierre-le-Moûtier.
*1493 – Christopher Columbus reaches Leeward Island and Puerto Rico.
*1501 – Catherine of Aragon (later Henry VIII's ...
– Israeli Prime Minister
Yitzhak Rabin
Yitzhak Rabin (; he, יִצְחָק רַבִּין, ; 1 March 1922 – 4 November 1995) was an Israeli politician, statesman and general. He was the fifth Prime Minister of Israel, serving two terms in office, 1974–77, and from 1992 until h ...
is
assassinated at a peace rally in Tel Aviv.
*
November 7
Events Pre-1600
* 335 – Athanasius is banished to Trier, on the charge that he prevented a grain fleet from sailing to Constantinople.
* 680 – The Sixth Ecumenical Council commences in Constantinople.
* 921 – Treaty of Bon ...
–
Typhoon Angela
Typhoon Angela, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Rosing, was a catastrophic Category 5-equivalent typhoon with sustained winds, and the most intense tropical cyclone worldwide in 1995. Typhoon Angela was the third storm in a row that ...
leaves the
Philippines
The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no),
* bik, Republika kan Filipinas
* ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas
* cbk, República de Filipinas
* hil, Republ ...
and
Vietnam
Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...
devastated, with 882 deaths and
US$
The United States dollar (symbol: $; code: USD; also abbreviated US$ or U.S. Dollar, to distinguish it from other dollar-denominated currencies; referred to as the dollar, U.S. dollar, American dollar, or colloquially buck) is the official ...
315 million in damage. The typhoon was the strongest ever to strike the Philippines in 25 years, with wind speeds of and gusts of .
*
November 12
Events Pre-1600
* 954 – The 13-year-old Lothair III is crowned at the Abbey of Saint-Remi as king of the West Frankish Kingdom.
*1028 – Future Byzantine empress Zoe takes the throne as empress consort to Romanos III Argyros.
* 13 ...
– The
Millbrook Commonwealth Action Programme
The Millbrook Commonwealth Action Programme on the Harare Declaration, sometimes abbreviated to just Millbrook, is a policy programme of the Commonwealth of Nations, designed to implement and uphold the Harare Declaration, which sets out the basic ...
, a programme to implement the
Harare Declaration
The Harare Commonwealth Declaration was a declaration of the Commonwealth of Nations, setting out the Commonwealth's core principles and values, detailing the Commonwealth's membership criteria, and redefining and reinforcing its purpose. The ...
, is announced by the
Commonwealth Heads of Government
The Commonwealth Heads of Government (CHOG) is the collective name for the government leaders of the nations with membership in the Commonwealth of Nations. They are invited to attend Commonwealth Heads of Government Meetings every two years, ...
.
*
November 16
Events Pre-1600
* 951 – Emperor Li Jing sends a Southern Tang expeditionary force of 10,000 men under Bian Hao to conquer Chu. Li Jing removes the ruling family to his own capital in Nanjing, ending the Chu Kingdom.
*1272 – Whi ...
– A United Nations tribunal charges
Radovan Karadžić
Radovan Karadžić ( sr-cyr, Радован Караџић, ; born 19 June 1945) is a Bosnian Serb politician, psychiatrist and poet. He was convicted of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes by the International Criminal Tr ...
and
Ratko Mladić
Ratko Mladić ( sr-Cyrl, Ратко Младић, ; born 12 March 1942) is a Bosnian Serb convicted war criminal and colonel-general who led the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS) during the Yugoslav Wars. In 2017, he was found guilty of committing ...
with
genocide
Genocide is the intentional destruction of a people—usually defined as an ethnic, national, racial, or religious group—in whole or in part. Raphael Lemkin coined the term in 1944, combining the Greek word (, "race, people") with the Lat ...
during the
Bosnian War.
*
November 19
Events Pre-1600
* 461 – Libius Severus is declared emperor of the Western Roman Empire. The real power is in the hands of the ''magister militum'' Ricimer.
* 636 – The Rashidun Caliphate defeats the Sasanian Empire at the Batt ...
– A car bomb explosion outside the
Egypt
Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Medit ...
ian Embassy in
Islamabad
Islamabad (; ur, , ) is the capital city of Pakistan. It is the country's ninth-most populous city, with a population of over 1.2 million people, and is federally administered by the Pakistani government as part of the Islamabad Capital ...
, Pakistan, destroyed the face of the building, killed at least 13 people and wounded dozens more.
*
November 21
Events Pre-1600
* 164 BCE – Judas Maccabeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family, rededicates the Temple in Jerusalem, an event is commemorated each year by the festival of Hanukkah. (25 Kislev 3597 in the Hebrew calendar.)
* 235 ...
– The
Dayton Agreement
The General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina, also known as the Dayton Agreement or the Dayton Accords ( Croatian: ''Daytonski sporazum'', Serbian and Bosnian: ''Dejtonski mirovni sporazum'' / Дејтонски миро ...
to end the
Bosnian War is reached at
Wright-Patterson Air Force Base
Wright-Patterson Air Force Base (WPAFB) is a United States Air Force base and census-designated place just east of Dayton, Ohio, in Greene and Montgomery counties. It includes both Wright and Patterson Fields, which were originally Wilbur Wr ...
near
Dayton, Ohio
Dayton () is the sixth-largest city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Montgomery County. A small part of the city extends into Greene County. The 2020 U.S. census estimate put the city population at 137,644, while Greater D ...
(signed
December 14
Events Pre-1600
* 557 – Constantinople is severely damaged by an earthquake, which cracks the dome of Hagia Sophia.
* 835 – Sweet Dew Incident: Emperor Wenzong of the Tang dynasty conspires to kill the powerful eunuchs of the T ...
).
*
November 22
Events Pre-1600
* 498 – After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran Palace, while Laurentius is elected Pope in Santa Maria Maggiore.
* 845 – The first duke of Brittany, Nominoe, defeats the Fra ...
** The 7.3
Gulf of Aqaba earthquake shakes the Sinai Peninsula and Saudi Arabia region with a maximum
Mercalli intensity
The Modified Mercalli intensity scale (MM, MMI, or MCS), developed from Giuseppe Mercalli's Mercalli intensity scale of 1902, is a seismic intensity scale used for measuring the intensity of shaking produced by an earthquake. It measures the eff ...
of VIII (''Severe''), killing eight and injuring 30, and generating a non-destructive tsunami.
** The first-ever full-length computer-animated feature film, ''
Toy Story
''Toy Story'' is a 1995 American computer-animated comedy film directed by John Lasseter (in his feature directorial debut), produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures. The first installment in the '' Toy Story ...
'', is released by
Pixar
Pixar Animation Studios (commonly known as Pixar () and stylized as P I X A R) is an American computer animation studio known for its critically and commercially successful computer animated feature films. It is based in Emeryville, Californ ...
and
Walt Disney Pictures
Walt Disney Pictures is an American film production company and subsidiary of Walt Disney Studios, which is owned by The Walt Disney Company. The studio is the flagship producer of live-action feature films within the Walt Disney Studios unit ...
.
* November 28 – Twenty-seven nations sign the Barcelona Treaty, creating the Union for the Mediterranean.
* November 30 – Operation Desert Storm officially ends.
December
*December 3 – 1995 strikes in France, Strikes paralyze France's public sector.
* December 6 – The United States Food and Drug Administration approved Saquinavir, the first Protease inhibitor (pharmacology), protease inhibitor to treat HIV/AIDS. Within 2 years of its approval, annual deaths from AIDS in the United States fell from over 50,000 to approximately 18,000.
* December 7 – NASA's ''Galileo (spacecraft)#Galileo entry probe, Galileo Probe'' enters Jupiter's atmosphere.
* December 8 – Five-year-old Gyaincain Norbu is enthroned as the 11th
reincarnation
Reincarnation, also known as rebirth or transmigration, is the philosophical or religious concept that the non-physical essence of a living being begins a new life in a different physical form or body after biological death. Resurrection is ...
of the
Panchen Lama
The Panchen Lama () is a tulku of the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. Panchen Lama is one of the most important figures in the Gelug tradition, with its spiritual authority second only to Dalai Lama. Along with the council of high lamas, h ...
at Tashilhunpo Monastery.
* December 9 – Godzilla vs. Destoroyah is released by Toho Studios, the last Godzilla incarnation in the "Heisei" era of Godzilla films.
*
December 14
Events Pre-1600
* 557 – Constantinople is severely damaged by an earthquake, which cracks the dome of Hagia Sophia.
* 835 – Sweet Dew Incident: Emperor Wenzong of the Tang dynasty conspires to kill the powerful eunuchs of the T ...
– The
Dayton Agreement
The General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina, also known as the Dayton Agreement or the Dayton Accords ( Croatian: ''Daytonski sporazum'', Serbian and Bosnian: ''Dejtonski mirovni sporazum'' / Дејтонски миро ...
is signed in Paris, officially ending the
Bosnian War.
* December 16 – Iraq disarmament crisis: Iraqi scuba divers, under the direction of the United Nations Special Commission, dredge the Tigris near Baghdad. The divers find over 200 prohibited Russian-made missile instruments and components.
* December 20
** American Airlines Flight 965 (Boeing 757) crashes into a mountain near Buga, Valle del Cauca, Colombia, killing 160 of the 164 on board.
**
NATO
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, ; french: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, ), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 30 member states – 28 European and two No ...
begins peacekeeping in Bosnia.
* December 30 – The lowest ever United Kingdom temperature of is recorded at Altnaharra in the Scottish Highlands. This equals the record set at Braemar, Aberdeenshire in 1895#January–March, 1895 and 1982#January, 1982.
Date unknown
* Sudden oak death, the tree disease caused by the plant pathogen ''Phytophthora ramorum'', is first observed, in California.
* The existence of the Top Quark is announced by the international scientific community.
* The first SampTA conference for mathematicians, engineers, and applied scientists is held in Riga, Latvia.
World population
Births
January
![Danielle Campbell at PaleyFest 2014](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Danielle_Campbell_at_PaleyFest_2014.jpg)
*
January 1
January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the yea ...
** Sardar Azmoun, Iranian footballer
** Poppy (entertainer), Poppy, American musician and model
* January 3
** Jisoo (singer, born 1995), Jisoo, South Korean singer, actress, and model
** Kim Seol-hyun, Seolhyun, South Korean singer, actress, and model
* January 4 – María Isabel, Spanish singer
* January 6 – Michaela DePrince, Sierra Leonean-American ballet dancer
*
January 9 – Nicola Peltz, American actress
* January 12
** Alessio Romagnoli, Italian footballer
** Maverick Viñales, Spanish motorcycle racer
* January 13 – Natalia Dyer, American actress
* January 16
** Hansamu Yama Pranata, Indonesian footballer
** Takumi Minamino, Japanese footballer
* January 19
** Mathieu van der Poel, Dutch bicycle racer
** Maxi Rolón, Argentine footballer (d. 2022)
* January 20
** Joey Badass, American rapper
** Calum Chambers, English footballer
** José María Giménez, Uruguayan footballer
* January 24 – Callan McAuliffe, Australian actor
* January 30
** Danielle Campbell, American actress
** Viktoria Komova, Russian artistic gymnast
*
January 31
Events Pre-1600
* 314 – Pope Sylvester I is consecrated, as successor to the late Pope Miltiades.
*1208 – The Battle of Lena takes place between King Sverker II of Sweden and his rival, Prince Eric, whose victory puts him on the ...
– Nina Sublatti, Georgian singer and model
February
![Januzaj and Hazard (cropped) (cropped)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/Januzaj_and_Hazard_%28cropped%29_%28cropped%29.jpg)
* February 1 – Oliver Heldens, Dutch DJ and electronic music producer
* February 4 – Pione Sisto, South Sudanese-Danish footballer
* February 5 – Adnan Januzaj, Belgian footballer
* February 6
** Leon Goretzka, German footballer
** Nyck de Vries, Dutch racing driver
* February 8 – Joshua Kimmich, German footballer
* February 9 – Mario Pašalić, Croatian footballer
* February 10 – Naby Keïta, Guinean footballer
* February 11 – Milan Škriniar, Slovak footballer
* February 15 – Megan Thee Stallion, American rapper
* February 16 – Denzel Curry, American rapper
* February 17 – Madison Keys, American tennis player
* February 18 – Mikhail Kolyada, Russian figure skater
* February 23
** Volodymyr Khorolskyi, Ukrainian football defender
** Andrew Wiggins, Canadian basketball player
* February 27 – Sergej Milinković-Savić, Serbian footballer
March
![Cierra Ramirez 7th Annual Television Academy Honors (cropped)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/Cierra_Ramirez_7th_Annual_Television_Academy_Honors_%28cropped%29.jpg)
* March 2 – Mats Møller Dæhli, Norwegian footballer
*
March 3
Events Pre-1600
* 473 – Gundobad (nephew of Ricimer) nominates Glycerius as emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
* 724 – Empress Genshō abdicates the throne in favor of her nephew Shōmu who becomes emperor of Japan.
* 1575 & ...
– Maine Mendoza, Filipina television personality
* March 7
** Fajar Alfian, Indonesian badminton player
** Haley Lu Richardson, American actress
* March 8 – Keita Baldé, Senegalese footballer
* March 9 – Cierra Ramirez, American actress and singer
* March 9 – Meezaan Jafri, Indian film actor
* March 10 – Zach LaVine, American basketball player
* March 13 – Mikaela Shiffrin, American skier
* March 15 – Jabari Parker, American basketball player
* March 19
** Héctor Bellerín, Spanish footballer
** Julia Montes, Filipina actress
* March 23 – Ester Ledecká, Czech winter athlete
*
March 25 – Carlos Vinícius, Brazilian footballer
* March 27 – Zaur Uguev, Russian freestyle wrestler
* March 30 – Tao Geoghegan Hart, British cyclist
April
![Gigi Hadid 2016](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Gigi_Hadid._2015.jpg)
* April 1 – Logan Paul, American actor and YouTube personality
* April 3 – Adrien Rabiot, French footballer
* April 5 – Nguyễn Phương Khánh, Vietnamese model and beauty queen, Miss Earth 2018
* April 17 – Wheein, South Korean singer and songwriter
* April 18 – Divock Origi, Belgian footballer
* April 23 – Gigi Hadid, American fashion model
* April 24 – Kehlani, American singer
* April 26 – Daniel Padilla, Filipino actor
* April 28 – Melanie Martinez (singer), Melanie Martinez, American singer
May
![Shira_Haas_2018_1_(cropped)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Shira_Haas_2018_1_%28cropped%29.png)
* May 1
** Jake Cannavale, American musician and actor
** Radhika Madan, Indian actress and dancer
* May 2 – Yook Sung-jae, South Korean singer and actor
* May 3 – Zach Sobiech, American singer-songwriter and musician (d. 2013)
* May 6 – Marko Pjaca, Croatian footballer
*
May 10
** Missy Franklin, American swimmer
** Gabriella Papadakis, French ice dancer
*
May 11
** Gelson Martins, Portuguese footballer
** Shira Haas, Israeli actress
* May 12 – Kenton Duty, American actor, singer, and dancer
*
May 14
Events Pre-1600
*1027 – Robert II of France names his son Henry I as junior King of the Franks.
* 1097 – The Siege of Nicaea begins during the First Crusade.
*1264 – Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured and force ...
– Kelly Gale, Swedish model
* May 15 – Ksenia Sitnik, Belarusian singer
* May 23
** Eula Caballero, Filipina actress
* May 25 – José Luis Gayà, Spanish footballer
* May 29 – Nicolas Pépé, Ivorian footballer
June
* June 4 – Willie Rioli, Australian football player
* June 5 – Troye Sivan, South African-born Australian singer
*
June 13
Events Pre-1600
* 313 – The decisions of the Edict of Milan, signed by Constantine the Great and co-emperor Valerius Licinius, granting religious freedom throughout the Roman Empire, are published in Nicomedia.
* 1325 – Ibn Battuta ...
– Petra Vlhová, Slovak alpine skier
*
June 16
Events Pre-1600
* 363 – Emperor Julian marches back up the Tigris and burns his fleet of supply ships. During the withdrawal, Roman forces suffer several attacks from the Persians.
* 632 – Yazdegerd III ascends the throne as king ...
– Joseph Schooling, Singaporean swimmer
* June 19 – Raphael Veiga, Brazilian footballer
* June 21
** Jessica Ahlquist, American activist and public speaker
** Darko Velkovski, Macedonian footballer
** Jesper Karlström, Swedish footballer
*
June 22
Events Pre-1600
* 217 BC – Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV Philopator of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom.
* 168 BC – Battle of Pydna: Romans under Lucius Aemilius Paullus defeat Macedonian King Perseus ...
** Aleksandr Maltsev (synchronised swimmer), Aleksandr Maltsev, Russian artistic (synchronized) swimmer
** Ádám Borbély, Hungarian handball player
* June 23
** Eva Lazzaro, Australian actress
** Jorge Mateo, Dominican baseball shortstop
** Danna Paola, Mexican singer and actress
*
June 24
Events Pre-1600
*1312 BC – Mursili II launches a campaign against the Kingdom of Azzi-Hayasa.
* 109 – Roman emperor Trajan inaugurates the Aqua Traiana, an aqueduct that channels water from Lake Bracciano, northwest of Rome. ...
– Abdel Fadel Suanon, Beninese footballer
* June 25
** Wilhem Belocian, French sprinter
** Laura Jung, German rhythmic gymnast
** Juan Córdova, Chilean footballer
** Kamil Dragun, Polish chess grandmaster
* June 26 – Natsuhiko Watanabe, Japanese footballer
* June 28
** Syafiq Ahmad, Malaysian footballer
** Kåre Hedebrant, Swedish actor
** Demi-Leigh Nel-Peters, South African model and beauty pageant titleholder
** Adama Traoré (footballer, born 28 June 1995), Adama Traoré, Malian footballer
*
June 29
Events Pre-1600
* 226 – Cao Rui succeeds his father as emperor of the Kingdom of Wei.
*1149 – Raymond of Poitiers is defeated and killed at the Battle of Inab by Nur ad-Din Zangi.
* 1194 – Sverre is crowned King of Norway, ...
– João Paulo Silva Martins, Brazilian footballer
* June 30
** Marina Ruy Barbosa, Brazilian actress
** Kristoffer Olsson, Swedish footballer
July
![Luke Shaw, Manchester United v Newcastle United, 11 September 2021 (44) (cropped)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/Luke_Shaw%2C_Manchester_United_v_Newcastle_United%2C_11_September_2021_%2844%29_%28cropped%29.jpg)
*
July 1
** Boli Bolingoli-Mbombo, Congolese-Belgian footballer
** Krzysztof Piątek, Polish footballer
* July 2
** Ito Ohno, Japanese fashion model and actress
** Ryan Murphy (swimmer), Ryan Murphy, American competitive swimmer
* July 3 – Emircan Koşut, Turkish basketball player
*
July 4
Events Pre-1600
*362 BC – Battle of Mantinea: The Thebans, led by Epaminondas, defeated the Spartans.
* 414 – Emperor Theodosius II, age 13, yields power to his older sister Aelia Pulcheria, who reigned as regent and proclaime ...
** Brayden Schnur, Canadian tennis player
** Álex Berenguer, Spanish footballer
** Post Malone, American rapper
* July 5
** Hyuk (singer), Hyuk, South Korean singer and actor
** Phataimas Muenwong, Thai badminton player
*
July 9
** Georgie Henley, English actress
** Sandro Ramírez, Spanish footballer
*
July 10
Events Pre-1600
* 138 – Emperor Hadrian of Rome dies of heart failure at his residence on the bay of Naples, Baiae; he is buried at Rome in the Tomb of Hadrian beside his late wife, Vibia Sabina.
* 645 – Isshi Incident: Prin ...
** Trayvon Bromell, American sprinter
** Ada Hegerberg, Norwegian footballer
** Edymar Martínez, Venezuelan model
** Lu Shanglei, Chinese chess grandmaster
*
July 11
Events Pre-1600
* 472 – After being besieged in Rome by his own generals, Western Roman Emperor Anthemius is captured in St. Peter's Basilica and put to death.
* 813 – Byzantine emperor Michael I, under threat by conspiracies, ...
– Tyler Medeiros, Canadian singer, songwriter, and dancer
* July 12
** Jordyn Wieber, American artistic gymnast
** Luke Shaw, English footballer
** Yohio, Swedish singer and songwriter
* July 13
** Cody Bellinger, American baseball player
** Dante Exum, Australian basketball player
* July 14 – Serge Gnabry, German footballer
* July 15 – Vivianne Miedema, Dutch football player
* July 16 – Torstein Træen, Norwegian racing cyclist
* July 19
** Manuel Akanji, Swiss footballer
** María José Alvarado, Honduran model (d. 2014)
** Matt Miazga, American soccer player
** Maria Paseka, Russian artistic gymnast
* July 23 – Hwasa, South Korean singer, songwriter, and rapper
* July 24 – Kyle Kuzma, American basketball player
* July 30 – Hirving Lozano, Mexican footballer
August
![2017-10-03 FIS SGP 2017 Klingenthal Siegerehrung Andreas Wellinger Hymne](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/2017-10-03_FIS_SGP_2017_Klingenthal_Siegerehrung_Andreas_Wellinger_Hymne.jpg)
* August 1 – Madison Cawthorn, American politician
* August 2
** Kevin Sanjaya Sukamuljo, Indonesian badminton player
** Kristaps Porziņģis, Latvian basketball player
*
August 4
Events Pre-1600
* 598 – Goguryeo-Sui War: In response to a Goguryeo (Korean) incursion into Liaoxi, Emperor Wéndi of Sui orders his youngest son, Yang Liang (assisted by the co-prime minister Gao Jiong), to conquer Goguryeo during th ...
** Bruna Marquezine, Brazilian actress
** Jessica Sanchez, American singer
* August 5 – Pierre-Emile Højbjerg, Danish footballer
* August 6 – Sasha Vezenkov, Bulgarian professional basketball player
* August 9 – Hwang Min-hyun, South Korean singer-songwriter and actor
* August 12 – Sara Ali Khan, Indian actress
* August 13 – Presnel Kimpembe, French footballer
* August 15 – Chief Keef, American rapper
*
August 16 – James Young (basketball), James Young, American basketball player
* August 17 – Gracie Gold, American figure skater
* August 22
** Huang Wenpan, Chinese swimmer (d. 2018)
** Dua Lipa, English singer
**Nasrat Haqparast, Afghan-German mixed martial artist
** Jonnu Smith, American football player
* August 24
** Lady Amelia Windsor, member of the British royal family
** Justine Skye, American singer
* August 26
** Gracie Dzienny, American actress
** Solomon Thomas, American football player
** Hannah van der Westhuysen, British actress
* August 27 – Sergey Sirotkin (racing driver), Sergey Sirotkin, Russian racing driver
* August 28 – Andreas Wellinger, German ski jumper
*
August 29
Events Pre-1600
* 708 – Copper coins are minted in Japan for the first time (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 708).
* 870 – The city of Melite surrenders to an Aghlabid army following a siege, putting an end to Byzantine M ...
– Gud (music producer), Gud, Swedish DJ and producer
September
![Patrick Mahomes II](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Patrick_Mahomes_II.JPG)
* September 1
** Munir El Haddadi, Spanish footballer
** Nathan MacKinnon, Canadian hockey player
*
September 3
Events Pre-1600
*36 BC – In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompey, son of Pompey, thus ending Pompeian resistance to the Second Triumvirate.
* 301 – San Marino, one of the ...
** Myles Jack, American football player
** Niklas Süle, German footballer
* September 5 – Caroline Sunshine, American actress, dancer, singer and political operative
*
September 6
Events Pre-1600
* 394 – Battle of the Frigidus: Roman emperor Theodosius I defeats and kills Eugenius the usurper. His Frankish ''magister militum'' Arbogast escapes but commits suicide two days later.
*1492 – Christopher Colu ...
– Bertrand Traoré, Burkinabé footballer
* September 8 – Julian Weigl, German footballer
* September 12
** Steven Gardiner, Bahamian sprinter
** Ryan Potter, American actor
* September 14 – Deshaun Watson, American football player
* September 15 – Awer Mabil, Australian association footballer
* September 16 – Aaron Gordon, American basketball player
* September 17 – Patrick Mahomes, American football player
* September 20 – Laura Dekker, Dutch sailor
* September 22 – Nayeon, South Korean singer
* September 23
** Eli Dershwitz, American fencer
** Agnes Tirop, Agnes Jebet Tirop, Kenian athlete (d. 2021)
* September 29 – Mozzik (rapper), Mozzik, Albanian rapper
October
![190226 Jimin at the 6th EDaily Culture Awards](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/190226_Jimin_at_the_6th_EDaily_Culture_Awards.jpg)
* October 1 – Scott Helman, Canadian singer-songwriter
* October 4
** Mikolas Josef, Czech singer and music producer
** Jabrill Peppers, American football player
** Seventeen (South Korean band), Jeonghan, South Korean singer
*
October 5
Events Pre-1600
* 610 – Heraclius arrives at Constantinople, kills Byzantine Emperor Phocas, and becomes emperor.
* 816 – King Louis the Pious is crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by the Pope.
* 869 – The Fourth Coun ...
– Kim A-lim South Korean golfer
* October 9 – Kenny Tete, Dutch footballer
* October 13 – Jimin (singer, born 1995), Jimin, South Korean singer
* October 15 – Billy Unger, American actor and musician
* October 17 – Queen Naija, American singer
* October 21 – Antoinette Guedia Mouafo, Cameroonian swimmer
* October 21 – Doja Cat, American singer and rapper
* October 23 – Ireland Baldwin, American fashion model and actress
*
October 25
Events Pre-1600
* 285 (or 286) – Execution of Saints Crispin and Crispinian during the reign of Diocletian, now the patron saints of leather workers, curriers, and shoemakers.
* 473 – Emperor Leo I acclaims his grandson Leo II a ...
– Conchita Campbell, Canadian actress
*
October 28
Events Pre-1600
* 97 – Roman emperor Nerva is forced by the Praetorian Guard to adopt general Marcus Ulpius Trajanus as his heir and successor.
* 306 – Maxentius is proclaimed Roman emperor.
* 312 – Constantine I defe ...
– Mia Wray, Australian pop musician
November
![Katherine McNamara - November 2014 (cropped)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Katherine_McNamara_-_November_2014_%28cropped%29.jpg)
*
November 1
Events Pre-1600
*365 – The Alemanni cross the Rhine and invade Gaul. Emperor Valentinian I moves to Paris to command the army and defend the Gallic cities.
* 996 – Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk, Bishop of Freisin ...
** lucas car was born in sports.
** Nour El Sherbini, Egyptian squash player
*
November 2
Events Pre-1600
* 619 – A qaghan of the Western Turkic Khaganate is assassinated in a Chinese palace by Eastern Turkic rivals after the approval of Tang emperor Gaozu.
* 1410 – The Peace of Bicêtre suspends hostilities in the ...
– Rafael Vitti, Brazilian actor, musician and poet
* November 3
** Kelly Catlin, American racing cyclist (d. 2019)
** Kendall Jenner, American model and television personality
* November 5
** Madison McLaughlin, American Actress
* November 6 – André Silva (footballer, born 1995), André Silva, Portuguese footballer
* November 13 – Oliver Stummvoll, Austrian model
* November 15 – Karl-Anthony Towns, Dominican-American basketball player
* November 17 – Elise Mertens, Belgian tennis player
* November 18 – Ihsan Maulana Mustofa, Indonesian badminton player
*
November 19
Events Pre-1600
* 461 – Libius Severus is declared emperor of the Western Roman Empire. The real power is in the hands of the ''magister militum'' Ricimer.
* 636 – The Rashidun Caliphate defeats the Sasanian Empire at the Batt ...
** Vanessa Axente, Hungarian fashion model
** Asuka Teramoto, Japanese artistic gymnast
** Melinda Ademi, Kosovan singer
* November 20
** Timothy Cheruiyot, Kenyan athlete
** Michael Clifford (musician), Michael Clifford, Australian guitarist and singer
*
November 22
Events Pre-1600
* 498 – After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran Palace, while Laurentius is elected Pope in Santa Maria Maggiore.
* 845 – The first duke of Brittany, Nominoe, defeats the Fra ...
– Katherine McNamara, American actress
* November 28
** Tin Jedvaj, Croatian footballer
** Chase Elliott, American race car driver
* November 29 – Laura Marano, American actress and singer
December
![220624 방탄소년단 뷔(1)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/220624_%EB%B0%A9%ED%83%84%EC%86%8C%EB%85%84%EB%8B%A8_%EB%B7%94%281%29.jpg)
* December 4 –
**Dina Asher-Smith, British sprinter
**John Mateer (musician), John Mateer, American musician and filmmaker
* December 5
** Anthony Martial, French footballer
** Kaetlyn Osmond, Canadian figure skater
* December 6
** Joy Gruttmann, German singer
** A Boogie wit da Hoodie, American rapper and singer
* December 9
** McKayla Maroney, American gymnast
** Kelly Oubre Jr., American basketball player
*
December 14
Events Pre-1600
* 557 – Constantinople is severely damaged by an earthquake, which cracks the dome of Hagia Sophia.
* 835 – Sweet Dew Incident: Emperor Wenzong of the Tang dynasty conspires to kill the powerful eunuchs of the T ...
– Yulia Belokobylskaya, Russian gymnast
* December 15 – Yoshihide Kiryū, Japanese sprinter
* December 18 – Lim Na-young, South Korean singer
* December 27
** Timothée Chalamet, French-American actor
** Carlos Cuevas, Spanish actor
* December 29 – Ross Lynch, American actor
* December 30
** Sakura Fujiwara, Japanese actress
** V (singer), V, South Korean singer
* December 31 – Gabby Douglas, American gymnast
Deaths
January
![Rose Kennedy 1967 (cropped)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Rose_Kennedy_1967_%28cropped%29.JPG)
*
January 1
January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the yea ...
**Eugene Wigner, Hungarian physicist (b. 1902)
**Fred West, English serial killer (b. 1941)
* January 2
**Siad Barre, Somalian military leader and statesman, 3rd President of Somalia (b. 1919)
**Nancy Kelly, American actress (b. 1921)
* January 6 – Joe Slovo, ANC activist and South African minister of Housing (b. 1926)
* January 7 – Murray Rothbard, American economist (b. 1926)
* January 8 – Carlos Monzón, Argentine boxer (b. 1942)
*
January 9
** Peter Cook, English comedian and writer (b. 1937)
** Souphanouvong, Laotian royal prince and Communist leader, 1st President of Laos (b. 1909)
* January 11 – Josef Gingold, Russian-American violinist (b. 1909)
*
January 17
Events Pre-1600
*38 BC – Octavian divorces his wife Scribonia and marries Livia Drusilla, ending the fragile peace between the Second Triumvirate and Sextus Pompey.
* 1362 – Saint Marcellus' flood kills at least 25,000 people on ...
– Miguel Torga, Portuguese writer (b. 1907)
* January 18 – Adolf Butenandt, German biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (b. 1903)
* January 20 – Mehdi Bazargan, 46th Prime Minister of Iran (b. 1907)
* January 22 – Rose Kennedy, American philanthropist (b. 1890)
*
January 25
** John Smith (actor), John Smith, American actor (b. 1931)
** William Sylvester, American actor (b. 1922)
* January 30 – Gerald Durrell, British naturalist, author, and television presenter (b. 1925)
*
January 31
Events Pre-1600
* 314 – Pope Sylvester I is consecrated, as successor to the late Pope Miltiades.
*1208 – The Battle of Lena takes place between King Sverker II of Sweden and his rival, Prince Eric, whose victory puts him on the ...
** George Abbott, American writer, director, and producer (b. 1887)
** George Stibitz, American computational engineer (b. 1904)
February
![U Nu portrait](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/U_Nu_portrait.jpg)
* February 2
** Tikvah Alper, South African scientist (b. 1909)
** Fred Perry, English tennis champion (b. 1909)
** Donald Pleasence, English actor (b. 1919)
* February 4 – Patricia Highsmith, American author (b. 1921)
* February 5 – Doug McClure, American actor (b. 1935)
* February 6
** James Merrill, American poet (b. 1926)
** Art Taylor, American jazz drummer (b. 1929)
* February 9
** J. William Fulbright, American senator and congressman (b. 1905)
** David Wayne, American actor (b. 1914)
* February 12 – Robert Bolt, English dramatist (b. 1924)
*
February 13 – Alberto Burri, Italian artist (b. 1915)
* February 14 – U Nu, Burmese politician, 1st Prime Minister of Burma (b. 1907)
* February 19 – John Howard (American actor), John Howard, American actor (b. 1913)
* February 22 – Ed Flanders, American actor (b. 1934)
* February 23 – James Herriot, English veterinarian and author (b. 1916)
* February 24 – Hideko Maehata, Japanese swimmer (b. 1914)
*
February 26 – Jack Clayton, British film director (b. 1921)
March
![Selena una Leyenda](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/Selena_una_Leyenda.jpg)
*
March 1
Events Pre-1600
*509 BC – Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia.
* 293 – Emperor Diocletian ...
** Georges J. F. Köhler, German biologist (b. 1946)
** Vladislav Listyev, Russian journalist (b. 1956)
*
March 3
Events Pre-1600
* 473 – Gundobad (nephew of Ricimer) nominates Glycerius as emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
* 724 – Empress Genshō abdicates the throne in favor of her nephew Shōmu who becomes emperor of Japan.
* 1575 & ...
– Howard W. Hunter, American President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1907)
* March 5 – Vivian Stanshall, English comedian, writer, artist, broadcaster, and musician (b. 1943)
* March 8
** Paul Horgan, American writer (b. 1903)
** Ingo Schwichtenberg, German drummer (b. 1965)
* March 9
** Edward Bernays, Austrian-born American propagandist (b. 1891)
** Yisrael Galil, Israeli firearm designer (b. 1923)
* March 10 – Ovidi Montllor, Spanish singer and actor (b. 1942)
* March 11 – Wilfred Jacobs, 1st Governor-General of Antigua and Barbuda (b. 1919)
* March 13 – Odette Hallowes, French intelligence officer (b. 1912)
*
March 14 – William Alfred Fowler, American physicist (b. 1911)
* March 16 – Albert Hackett, American dramatist and screenwriter (b. 1900)
* March 17
** Rick Aviles, American actor (b. 1952)
** Sunnyland Slim, American blues pianist (b. 1906)
* March 19 – Nike Ardilla, Indonesian singer, actress, and model (b. 1975)
*
March 20
Events Pre-1600
* 673 – Emperor Tenmu of Japan assumes the Chrysanthemum Throne at the Palace of Kiyomihara in Asuka.
* 1206 – Michael IV Autoreianos is appointed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople.
* 1600 – The Link ...
** Sidney Kingsley, American dramatist (b. 1906)
** Big John Studd, John William Minton, American professional wrestler (b. 1948)
* March 23 – Davie Cooper, Scottish footballer (b. 1956)
* March 24 – Joseph Needham, British biochemist, historian, and sinologist (b. 1900)
*
March 25 – James Samuel Coleman, American sociologist (b. 1926)
*
March 26
Events Pre-1600
* 590 – Emperor Maurice proclaims his son Theodosius as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
*1021 – On the feast of Eid al-Adha, the death of the Fatimid caliph al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, kept secret for six weeks, ...
– Eazy-E, American rapper and record producer (b. 1964)
*
March 31 –
Selena
Selena Quintanilla Pérez (; April 16, 1971 – March 31, 1995), known mononymously as Selena, was an American Tejano singer. Called the " Queen of Tejano music", her contributions to music and fashion made her one of the most celebrated Mex ...
, American singer (b. 1971)
April
![Ginger Rogers Colorized 1943](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/Ginger_Rogers_Colorized_1943.jpg)
* April 2 – Hannes Alfvén, Swedish chemist (b. 1908)
* April 4
** Kenny Everett, British comedian (b. 1944)
** Priscilla Lane, American actress (b. 1915)
* April 6 – V. J. Sukselainen, Finnish politician, 24th Prime Minister of Finland (b. 1906)
* April 10 – Morarji Desai, 4th Prime Minister of India (b. 1896)
* April 14 – Burl Ives, American singer and actor (b. 1909)
* April 16 – Cy Endfield, American screenwriter (b. 1914)
* April 18 – Arturo Frondizi, Argentine lawyer and politician, 32nd President of Argentina (b. 1908)
* April 20 – Milovan Đilas, Yugoslav politician and philosopher (b. 1911)
* April 23 – Howard Cosell, American sportscaster (b. 1918)
* April 25
** Alexander Knox, Canadian actor and novelist (b. 1907)
** Ginger Rogers, American actress and dancer (b. 1911)
* April 27 – Willem Frederik Hermans, Dutch writer (b. 1921)
*
April 30
Events Pre-1600
*311 – The Diocletianic Persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire ends.
*1315 – Enguerrand de Marigny is hanged at the instigation of Charles, Count of Valois.
*1492 – Spain gives Christopher Columbus hi ...
– Maung Maung Kha, 5th Prime Minister of Burma (b. 1920)
May
![Harold Wilson](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Harold_Wilson.jpg)
* May 2 – Michael Hordern, English actor (b. 1911)
* May 4 – Louis Krasner, Ukrainian-American violinist (b. 1903)
* May 5 – Mikhail Botvinnik, Russian chess player (b. 1911)
* May 6 – Maria Pia de Saxe-Coburgo e Bragança, Portuguese writer and journalist (b. 1907)
* May 8 – Teresa Teng, Taiwanese singer (b. 1953)
* May 12
** Arthur Lubin, American film director (b. 1898)
** Adolfo Pedernera, Argentinian footballer (b. 1918)
** Mia Martini, Italian singer and songwriter (b. 1947)
*
May 14
Events Pre-1600
*1027 – Robert II of France names his son Henry I as junior King of the Franks.
* 1097 – The Siege of Nicaea begins during the First Crusade.
*1264 – Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured and force ...
– Christian B. Anfinsen, American chemist (b. 1916)
* May 15 – Eric Porter, English actor (b. 1928)
*
May 16 – Lola Flores, Spanish singer, dancer and actress (b. 1923)
* May 18
** Elisha Cook Jr., American actor (b. 1903)
** Alexander Godunov, Russian ballet dancer and actor (b. 1949)
** Elizabeth Montgomery, American actress (b. 1933)
* May 21 – Les Aspin, American politician (b. 1938)
*
May 24 – Harold Wilson,
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
The prime minister of the United Kingdom is the head of government of the United Kingdom. The prime minister advises the sovereign on the exercise of much of the royal prerogative, chairs the Cabinet and selects its ministers. As modern ...
(b. 1916)
* May 25
** Krešimir Ćosić, Croatian professional basketball player and coach (b. 1948)
** Dany Robin, French actress (b. 1927)
* May 26 – Friz Freleng, American animator (b. 1906)
* May 29 – Margaret Chase Smith, American politician (b. 1897)
* May 30 – Ted Drake, English footballer (b. 1912)
June
![Lana Turner - Marriage is a Private Affair portrait (cropped)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Lana_Turner_-_Marriage_is_a_Private_Affair_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg)
* June 3 – J. Presper Eckert, American engineer (b. 1919)
* June 7 – Hsuan Hua, Chinese Buddhist (b. 1918)
* June 8 – Juan Carlos Onganía, 35th President of Argentina (b. 1914)
* June 12 – Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli, Italian pianist (b. 1920)
* June 14 – Rory Gallagher, Irish blues and rock guitarist (b. 1948)
* June 20 – Emil Cioran, Romanian philosopher and essayist (b. 1911)
*
June 22
Events Pre-1600
* 217 BC – Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV Philopator of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom.
* 168 BC – Battle of Pydna: Romans under Lucius Aemilius Paullus defeat Macedonian King Perseus ...
– Yves Congar, French cardinal (b. 1904)
* June 23
** Jonas Salk, American medical researcher (b. 1914)
** Anatoly Tarasov, Russian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1918)
* June 25
** Warren E. Burger, Chief Justice of the United States (b. 1907)
** Ernest Walton, Irish physicist and Nobel laureate (b. 1903)
*
June 29
Events Pre-1600
* 226 – Cao Rui succeeds his father as emperor of the Kingdom of Wei.
*1149 – Raymond of Poitiers is defeated and killed at the Battle of Inab by Nur ad-Din Zangi.
* 1194 – Sverre is crowned King of Norway, ...
– Lana Turner, American actress (b. 1921)
* June 30
** Georgi Beregovoi, Russian cosmonaut (b. 1921)
** Gale Gordon, American actor (b. 1906)
** Phyllis Hyman, American singer and actress (b. 1949)
July
![Fangio](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Fangio.png)
*
July 1
** Wolfman Jack, American disc jockey (b. 1938)
** Bruce Mitchell (cricketer), Bruce Mitchell, South African cricketer (b. 1909)
* July 3 – Pancho Gonzales, American tennis champion (b. 1928)
*
July 4
Events Pre-1600
*362 BC – Battle of Mantinea: The Thebans, led by Epaminondas, defeated the Spartans.
* 414 – Emperor Theodosius II, age 13, yields power to his older sister Aelia Pulcheria, who reigned as regent and proclaime ...
** Eva Gabor, Hungarian-American actress, businesswoman, and socialite (b. 1919)
** Bob Ross, American television painter (b. 1942)
* July 5 – Takeo Fukuda, Japanese politician, 46th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1905)
* July 6 – Aziz Nesin, Turkish writer (b. 1915)
* July 13 – Ashapoorna Devi, Indian author and poet (b. 1908)
* July 16
** Patsy Ruth Miller, American actress (b. 1904)
** Stephen Spender, English poet and writer (b. 1909)
* July 17
** Juan Manuel Fangio, Argentine race car driver (b. 1911)
** Harry Guardino, American actor (b. 1925)
* July 18
** Fabio Casartelli, Italian cyclist (b. 1970)
** Srinagarindra, Thai princess (b. 1900)
* July 20 – Genevieve Tobin, American actress (b. 1899)
* July 22 – Harold Larwood, British cricketer (b. 1904)
* July 24 – George Rodger, British photojournalist (b. 1908)
* July 25 – Charlie Rich, American singer (b. 1932)
* July 27 – Miklós Rózsa, Hungarian composer (b. 1907)
August
![Mickey Mantle - New York Yankees - 1957](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Mickey_Mantle_-_New_York_Yankees_-_1957.jpg)
* August 3 – Ida Lupino, British-born American actress (b. 1918)
* August 9 – Jerry Garcia, American guitarist (The Grateful Dead) (b. 1942)
* August 11 – Phil Harris, American comedian and actor (b. 1904)
* August 13 – Mickey Mantle, American baseball player (b. 1931)
* August 19 – Pierre Schaeffer, French composer (b. 1910)
* August 20 – Hugo Pratt, Italian comics creator (b. 1927)
* August 21 – Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, Indian astrophysicist (b. 1910)
* August 22 – Johnny Carey, Irish football player and manager (b. 1919)
* August 24
** Gary Crosby (actor), Gary Crosby, American singer and actor (b. 1933)
** Alfred Eisenstaedt, German-American photographer (b. 1898)
*
August 29
Events Pre-1600
* 708 – Copper coins are minted in Japan for the first time (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 708).
* 870 – The city of Melite surrenders to an Aghlabid army following a siege, putting an end to Byzantine M ...
** Michael Ende, German author (b. 1929)
** Frank Perry, American stage director and filmmaker (b. 1930)
*
August 30
Events Pre-1600
* 70 – Titus ends the siege of Jerusalem after destroying Herod's Temple.
* 1282 – Peter III of Aragon lands at Trapani to intervene in the War of the Sicilian Vespers.
*1363 – The five-week Battle of Lake ...
** Fischer Black, American economist (b. 1938)
** Lev Polugaevsky, Belarusian chess Grandmaster (b. 1934)
September
![Madalyn Murray O'Hair (cropped)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/Madalyn_Murray_O%27Hair_%28cropped%29.jpg)
*
September 4
Events Pre-1600
* 476 – Romulus Augustulus is deposed when Odoacer proclaims himself "King of Italy", thus ending the Western Roman Empire.
* 626 – Li Shimin, posthumously known as Emperor Taizong of Tang, assumes the throne ove ...
– William Kunstler, American radical lawyer and civil rights activist (b. 1919)
* September 8 – Eileen Chang, Chinese writer (b. 1920)
* September 12 – Jeremy Brett, English actor (b. 1933)
* September 15 – Gunnar Nordahl, Swedish footballer (b. 1921)
*
September 19
Events Pre-1600
* 85 – Nerva, suspected of complicity of the death of Domitian, is declared emperor by Senate. The Senate then annuls laws passed by Domitian and orders his statues to be destroyed.
* 634 – Siege of Damascus: Th ...
– Sir Rudolf Peierls, German-born British physicist (b. 1907)
* September 25 – Kei Tomiyama, Japanese actor, voice actor, and narrator (b. 1938)
* September 29
** Madalyn Murray O'Hair, American activist (b. 1919)
** Pedro Nolasco, Dominican boxer (b. 1963)
October
![DonCherry (cropped)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/DonCherry_%28cropped%29.jpg)
*
October 5
Events Pre-1600
* 610 – Heraclius arrives at Constantinople, kills Byzantine Emperor Phocas, and becomes emperor.
* 816 – King Louis the Pious is crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by the Pope.
* 869 – The Fourth Coun ...
** Linda Gary, American film and television actress and voice actress (b. 1944)
** Pin Malakul, Thai educator and politician (b. 1903)
* October 9
** Alec Douglas-Home,
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
The prime minister of the United Kingdom is the head of government of the United Kingdom. The prime minister advises the sovereign on the exercise of much of the royal prerogative, chairs the Cabinet and selects its ministers. As modern ...
(b. 1903)
** M.R. Kukrit Pramoj, Thai politician and 13th Prime Minister of Thailand (b. 1911)
* October 19 – Don Cherry (trumpeter), Don Cherry, American jazz trumpeter (b. 1936)
* October 21 – Shannon Hoon, American singer-songwriter (b. 1967)
* October 22
** Kingsley Amis, English writer (b. 1922)
** Mary Wickes, American actress (b. 1910)
*
October 25
Events Pre-1600
* 285 (or 286) – Execution of Saints Crispin and Crispinian during the reign of Diocletian, now the patron saints of leather workers, curriers, and shoemakers.
* 473 – Emperor Leo I acclaims his grandson Leo II a ...
** Viveca Lindfors, Swedish actress (b. 1920)
** Bobby Riggs, American tennis player (b. 1918)
*
October 26
Events Pre-1600
* 1185 – The Uprising of Asen and Peter begins on the feast day of St. Demetrius of Thessaloniki and ends with the creation of the Second Bulgarian Empire.
* 1341 – The Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347 formally b ...
– Wilhelm Freddie, Danish painter (b. 1909)
* October 31
** Alan Bush, British composer, pianist, and conductor (b. 1900)
** Rosalind Cash, American actress (b. 1938)
** Bill Rowling, 30th Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1927)
November
*
November 4
Events Pre-1600
*1429 – Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War: Joan of Arc liberates Saint-Pierre-le-Moûtier.
*1493 – Christopher Columbus reaches Leeward Island and Puerto Rico.
*1501 – Catherine of Aragon (later Henry VIII's ...
** Gilles Deleuze, French philosopher (b. 1925)
** Paul Eddington, English actor (b. 1927)
**
Yitzhak Rabin
Yitzhak Rabin (; he, יִצְחָק רַבִּין, ; 1 March 1922 – 4 November 1995) was an Israeli politician, statesman and general. He was the fifth Prime Minister of Israel, serving two terms in office, 1974–77, and from 1992 until h ...
, 5th Prime Minister of Israel (b. 1922)
*
November 7
Events Pre-1600
* 335 – Athanasius is banished to Trier, on the charge that he prevented a grain fleet from sailing to Constantinople.
* 680 – The Sixth Ecumenical Council commences in Constantinople.
* 921 – Treaty of Bon ...
– Ann Dunham, American anthropologist (b. 1942)
*
November 12
Events Pre-1600
* 954 – The 13-year-old Lothair III is crowned at the Abbey of Saint-Remi as king of the West Frankish Kingdom.
*1028 – Future Byzantine empress Zoe takes the throne as empress consort to Romanos III Argyros.
* 13 ...
– Robert Stephens, English actor (b. 1931)
* November 20 – Sergei Grinkov, Russian figure skater (b. 1967)
* November 23 – Louis Malle, French film director (b. 1932)
* November 24 – Jeffrey Lynn, American actor (b. 1909)
December
![Dean Martin - publicity](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Dean_Martin_-_publicity.JPG)
* December 2 – Robertson Davies, Canadian novelist (b. 1913)
* December 9 – Vivian Blaine, American actress and singer (b. 1921)
* December 12 – Princess Caroline-Mathilde of Denmark, Danish princess (b. 1912)
* December 13 – Anatoly Dyatlov, Soviet engineer in charge during the Chernobyl disaster (b. 1931)
* December 18
** Nathan Rosen, Israeli physicist (b. 1909)
** Konrad Zuse, German engineer (b. 1910)
* December 20 – Madge Sinclair, Jamaican-American actress (b. 1938)
* December 22
** Butterfly McQueen, American actress (b. 1911)
** James Meade, English economist (b. 1907)
* December 23 – Patric Knowles, English actor (b. 1911)
* December 25
** Dean Martin, American actor, singer and comedian (b. 1917)
** Nicolas Slonimsky, Russian-American musicologist (b. 1894)
* December 27 – Edgar Bischoff, Romanian-born French composer (b. 1912)
* December 29 – Lita Grey, American actress (b. 1908)
* December 30 – Heiner Müller, German poet and playwright (b. 1929)
Date unknown
* Richey Edwards, Welsh musician (b. 1967)
Nobel Prizes
* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Martin L. Perl, Frederick Reines
* Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Paul J. Crutzen, Mario J. Molina, F. Sherwood Rowland
* Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Medicine – Edward B. Lewis, Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard, Eric F. Wieschaus
* Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Seamus Heaney
* Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel – Robert Lucas, Jr.
* Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – Joseph Rotblat and the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs
References
External links
1995: A look back- CNN
CNN Time Capsule: The Defining Moments of 1995- CNN
{{DEFAULTSORT:1995
1995,