File:1993 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The

Oslo I Accord The Oslo I Accord or Oslo I, officially called the Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements or short Declaration of Principles (DOP), was an attempt in 1993 to set up a framework that would lead to the resolution of th ...

is signed in an attempt to resolve the

Israeli–Palestinian conflict The Israeli–Palestinian conflict is one of the world's most enduring conflicts, beginning in the mid-20th century. Various attempts have been made to resolve the conflict as part of the Israeli–Palestinian peace process, alongside other ef ...

; The

Russian White House The White House ( rus, Белый дом, r=Bely dom, p=ˈbʲɛlɨj ˈdom; officially The House of the Government of the Russian Federation, rus, Дом Правительства Российской Федерации, r=Dom pravitelstva Ross ...

is shelled during the

1993 Russian constitutional crisis The 1993 Russian constitutional crisis, also known as the 1993 October Coup, Black October, the Shooting of the White House or Ukaz 1400, was a political stand-off and a constitutional crisis between the Russian president Boris Yeltsin and t ...

;

Czechoslovakia , rue, Чеськословеньско, , yi, טשעכאסלאוואקיי, , common_name = Czechoslovakia , life_span = 1918–19391945–1992 , p1 = Austria-Hungary , image_p1 ...

is peacefully dissolved into the

Czech Republic The Czech Republic, or simply Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Historically known as Bohemia, it is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the southeast. The ...

and

Slovakia Slovakia (; sk, Slovensko ), officially the Slovak Republic ( sk, Slovenská republika, links=no ), is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the s ...

; In the United States, the

ATF The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (BATFE), commonly referred to as the ATF, is a domestic law enforcement agency within the United States Department of Justice. Its responsibilities include the investigation and preven ...

besieges a compound belonging to

David Koresh David Koresh (; born Vernon Wayne Howell; August 17, 1959 – April 19, 1993) was an American cult leader who played a central role in the Waco siege of 1993. As the head of the Branch Davidians, a religious sect and offshoot of the Davidian Sev ...

and the

Branch Davidians The Branch Davidians (or the General Association of Branch Davidian Seventh-day Adventists) were an apocalyptic new religious movement founded in 1955 by Benjamin Roden. They regard themselves as a continuation of the General Association of ...

in a search for illegal weapons, which ends in the building being set alight and killing most inside;

Eritrea Eritrea ( ; ti, ኤርትራ, Ertra, ; ar, إرتريا, ʾIritriyā), officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in the Horn of Africa region of Eastern Africa, with its capital and largest city at Asmara. It is bordered by Ethiopia ...

gains independence; A major

snow storm A winter storm is an event in which wind coincides with varieties of precipitation that only occur at freezing temperatures, such as snow, mixed snow and rain, or freezing rain. In temperate continental climates, these storms are not necessar ...

passes over the

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territorie ...

and

Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by tot ...

, leading to over 300 fatalities;

Drug lord A drug lord, drug baron, kingpin or narcotrafficker is a high-ranking crime boss who controls a sizable network of people involved in the illegal drug trade. Such figures are often difficult to bring to justice, as they are normally not directly ...

and

narcoterrorist Narcoterrorism, in its original context, is understood to refer to the attempts of narcotics traffickers to influence the policies of a government or a society through violence and intimidation, and to hinder the enforcement of anti-drug laws by t ...

Pablo Escobar Pablo Emilio Escobar Gaviria (; ; 1 December 19492 December 1993) was a Colombian drug lord and narcoterrorist who was the founder and sole leader of the Medellín Cartel. Dubbed "the king of cocaine", Escobar is the wealthiest criminal in h ...

is killed by Colombian special forces; Ramzi Yousef and other

Islamic terrorists Islamic terrorism (also known as Islamist terrorism or radical Islamic terrorism) refers to Terrorism, terrorist acts with religious terrorism, religious motivations carried out by Islamic fundamentalism, fundamentalist militant Islamism, ...

detonate a truck bomb in the subterranean garage of the North Tower of the

World Trade Center World Trade Centers are sites recognized by the World Trade Centers Association. World Trade Center may refer to: Buildings * List of World Trade Centers * World Trade Center (2001–present), a building complex that includes five skyscrapers, a ...

in the United States., 300x300px, thumb rect 0 0 200 200

rect 200 0 400 200

rect 400 0 600 200

Dissolution of Czechoslovakia The dissolution of Czechoslovakia ( cs, Rozdělení Československa, sk, Rozdelenie Česko-Slovenska) took effect on December 31, 1992, and was the self-determined split of the federal republic of Czechoslovakia into the independent countries o ...

rect 0 200 300 400

1993 World Trade Center bombing The 1993 World Trade Center bombing was a terrorist attack on the World Trade Center in New York City, U.S., carried out on February 26, 1993, when a van bomb detonated below the North Tower of the complex. The urea nitrate–hydrogen gas en ...

rect 300 200 600 400 Waco siege rect 0 400 200 600

rect 200 400 400 600

1993 Storm of the Century The 1993 Storm of the Century (also known as the 93 Superstorm, The No Name Storm, or the Great Blizzard of '93/1993) was a cyclonic storm that formed over the Gulf of Mexico on March 12, 1993. The cold weather, heavy snowfall, high winds and st ...

rect 400 400 600 600

Independence of Eritrea "Eritrea" is an ancient name, associated in the past with its Greek form ''Erythraia'', Ἐρυθραία, and its derived Latin form ''Erythræa''. This name relates to that of the Red Sea, then called the ''Erythræan Sea'', from the Greek ...

1993 was designated as: * International Year for the World's Indigenous People The year 1993 in the

Kwajalein Atoll Kwajalein Atoll (; Marshallese: ) is part of the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI). The southernmost and largest island in the atoll is named Kwajalein Island, which its majority English-speaking residents (about 1,000 mostly U.S. civilia ...

in the

Marshall Islands The Marshall Islands ( mh, Ṃajeḷ), officially the Republic of the Marshall Islands ( mh, Aolepān Aorōkin Ṃajeḷ),'' () is an independent island country and microstate near the Equator in the Pacific Ocean, slightly west of the Internati ...

had only 364 days, since its calendar advanced 24 hours to the

Eastern Hemisphere The Eastern Hemisphere is the half of the planet Earth which is east of the prime meridian (which crosses Greenwich, London, United Kingdom) and west of the antimeridian (which crosses the Pacific Ocean and relatively little land from pole to pol ...

side of the

International Date Line The International Date Line (IDL) is an internationally accepted demarcation on the surface of Earth, running between the South and North Poles and serving as the boundary between one calendar day and the next. It passes through the Pacific O ...

, skipping

August 21 Events Pre-1600 * 959 – Eraclus becomes the 25th bishop of Liège. * 1140 – Song dynasty general Yue Fei defeats an army led by Jin dynasty general Wuzhu at the Battle of Yancheng during the Jin–Song Wars. *1169 – Battle o ...

, 1993.

Events

January

January 1 January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the yea ...

Czechoslovakia , rue, Чеськословеньско, , yi, טשעכאסלאוואקיי, , common_name = Czechoslovakia , life_span = 1918–19391945–1992 , p1 = Austria-Hungary , image_p1 ...

ceases to exist, as the

and

separate in the

. ** The

European Economic Community The European Economic Community (EEC) was a regional organization created by the Treaty of Rome of 1957,Today the largely rewritten treaty continues in force as the ''Treaty on the functioning of the European Union'', as renamed by the Lisb ...

eliminates trade barriers and creates a European single market. *

January 3 Events Pre-1600 *AD 69, 69 – The Roman legions on the Rhine refuse to declare their allegiance to Galba, instead proclaiming their legate, Aulus Vitellius, as emperor. * 250 – Emperor Decius orders everyone in the Roman Empire (ex ...

– In Moscow, Presidents

George H. W. Bush George Herbert Walker BushSince around 2000, he has been usually called George H. W. Bush, Bush Senior, Bush 41 or Bush the Elder to distinguish him from his eldest son, George W. Bush, who served as the 43rd president from 2001 to 2009; pr ...

(United States) and

Boris Yeltsin Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin ( rus, Борис Николаевич Ельцин, p=bɐˈrʲis nʲɪkɐˈla(j)ɪvʲɪtɕ ˈjelʲtsɨn, a=Ru-Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin.ogg; 1 February 1931 – 23 April 2007) was a Soviet and Russian politician wh ...

(Russia) sign the second Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty. *

January 5 Events Pre-1600 *1477 – Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is defeated and killed in a conflict with René II, Duke of Lorraine; Duchy of Burgundy, Burgundy subsequently becomes part of France. 1601–1900 *1675 – Battle of Turckh ...

** US$7.4 million is stolen from the Brink's Armored Car Depot in

Rochester, New York Rochester () is a City (New York), city in the U.S. state of New York (state), New York, the county seat, seat of Monroe County, New York, Monroe County, and the fourth-most populous in the state after New York City, Buffalo, New York, Buffalo, ...

, in the fifth largest robbery in U.S. history. ** , a

Liberia Liberia (), officially the Republic of Liberia, is a country on the West African coast. It is bordered by Sierra Leone to Liberia–Sierra Leone border, its northwest, Guinea to its north, Ivory Coast to its east, and the Atlantic Ocean ...

n-registered

oil tanker An oil tanker, also known as a petroleum tanker, is a ship designed for the bulk transport of oil or its products. There are two basic types of oil tankers: crude tankers and product tankers. Crude tankers move large quantities of unrefined crud ...

, runs aground off the Scottish island of

Mainland, Shetland The Mainland is the main island of Shetland, Scotland. The island contains Shetland's only burgh, Lerwick, and is the centre of Shetland's ferry and air connections. Geography It has an area of , making it the third-largest Scottish island a ...

, causing a massive oil spill. *

January 6 Events Pre-1600 *1066 – Following the death of Edward the Confessor on the previous day, the Witan meets to confirm Harold Godwinson as the new King of England; Harold is crowned the same day, sparking a succession crisis that will eve ...

** Douglas Hurd is the first high-ranking British official to visit

Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th ...

since the

Falklands War The Falklands War ( es, link=no, Guerra de las Malvinas) was a ten-week undeclared war between Argentina and the United Kingdom in 1982 over two British dependent territories in the South Atlantic: the Falkland Islands and its territorial de ...

. **

– 20 – The Bombay riots take place in

Mumbai Mumbai (, ; also known as Bombay — the official name until 1995) is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra and the ''de facto'' financial centre of India. According to the United Nations, as of 2018, Mumbai is the second- ...

. *

January 7 Events Pre-1600 *49 BC – The Senate of Rome says that Caesar will be declared a public enemy unless he disbands his army. This prompts the tribunes who support him to flee to Ravenna, where Caesar is waiting. * 1325 – Alfonso IV ...

– The

Fourth Republic of Ghana Ghana (; tw, Gaana, ee, Gana), officially the Republic of Ghana, is a country in West Africa. It abuts the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean to the south, sharing borders with Ivory Coast in Ghana–Ivory Coast border, the west, Burkina ...

is inaugurated, with Jerry Rawlings as president. *

January 8 Events Pre-1600 * 307 – Emperor Huai of Jin, Jin Huaidi becomes emperor of China in succession to his father, Emperor Hui of Jin, Jin Huidi, despite a challenge from his uncle, Sima Ying. * 871 – Æthelred I, King of Wessex, Æthel ...

– 17 – The

Braer Storm of January 1993 The Braer Storm was the most intense extratropical cyclone ever recorded over the northern Atlantic Ocean, as well as the strongest recorded worldwide. Developing as a weak frontal wave on 8 January 1993, the system moved rapidly northeast. The ...

, the most intense

extratropical cyclone Extratropical cyclones, sometimes called mid-latitude cyclones or wave cyclones, are low-pressure areas which, along with the anticyclones of high-pressure areas, drive the weather over much of the Earth. Extratropical cyclones are capable of ...

on record for the northern Atlantic Ocean, occurs. *

January 13 Events Pre-1600 * 27 BC – Octavian transfers the state to the free disposal of the Roman Senate and the people. He receives Spain, Gaul, and Syria as his province for ten years. * 532 – The Nika riots break out, during the racing ...

** The

Chemical Weapons Convention The Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), officially the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction, is an arms control treaty administered by the Organisation for ...

(CWC) is signed. ** Iraq disarmament crisis: US, British and French aircraft attack Iraqi Surface to Air Missile sites in Southern Iraq. *

January 14 Events Pre-1600 *1236 – King Henry III of England marries Eleanor of Provence. *1301 – Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Árpád dynasty in Hungary. 1601–1900 *1639 – The "Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, Fundamenta ...

– The Polish ferry sinks off the coast of

Rügen Rügen (; la, Rugia, ) is Germany's largest island. It is located off the Pomeranian coast in the Baltic Sea and belongs to the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. The "gateway" to Rügen island is the Hanseatic city of Stralsund, where ...

in the

Baltic Sea The Baltic Sea is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that is enclosed by Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Sweden and the North and Central European Plain. The sea stretches from 53°N to 66°N latitude and from ...

, killing 54 people. *

January 19 Events Pre-1600 * 379 – Emperor Gratian elevates Flavius Theodosius at Sirmium to ''Augustus'', and gives him authority over all the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire. * 649 – Conquest of Kucha: The forces of Kucha surrender ...

- Iraq disarmament crisis:

Iraq Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...

refuses to allow UNSCOM inspectors to use its own aircraft to fly into Iraq and begins military operations in the demilitarized zone between Iraq and

Kuwait Kuwait (; ar, الكويت ', or ), officially the State of Kuwait ( ar, دولة الكويت '), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated in the northern edge of Eastern Arabia at the tip of the Persian Gulf, bordering Iraq to the nort ...

, and the northern Iraqi no-fly zones. U.S. forces fire approximately 40 Tomahawk cruise missiles at

Baghdad Baghdad (; ar, بَغْدَاد , ) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab world after Cairo. It is located on the Tigris near the ruins of the ancient city of Babylon and the Sassanid Persian capital of Ctesiphon ...

factories linked to Iraq's illegal nuclear weapons program (→

January 1993 airstrikes on Iraq During January 1993, numerous coalition airstrikes occurred against Ba'athist Iraq, Iraq in response to actions by the latter predominantly due to the Iraqi no-fly zones conflict, No-Fly Zone in Southern Iraq. Prelude Just after the Gulf War e ...

). Iraq then informs UNSCOM that it will be able to resume its flights. *

January 20 Events Pre-1600 * 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution. * 649 – King Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, crowns his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom. * 1156 &ndas ...

–

Bill Clinton William Jefferson Clinton ( né Blythe III; born August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He previously served as governor of Arkansas from 1979 to 1981 and agai ...

sworn in Traditionally an oath (from Anglo-Saxon ', also called plight) is either a statement of fact or a promise taken by a sacrality as a sign of verity. A common legal substitute for those who conscientiously object to making sacred oaths is to giv ...

as the 42nd

President of the United States The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America. The president directs the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United Stat ...

. *

January 24 Events Pre-1600 * 41 – Claudius is proclaimed Roman emperor by the Praetorian Guard after they assassinate the previous emperor, his nephew Caligula. * 914 – Start of the First Fatimid invasion of Egypt. *1438 – The Cou ...

– In

Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...

, thousands protest against the murder of journalist

Uğur Mumcu Uğur Mumcu (; 22 August 1942 – 24 January 1993)
um:ag was a Turkish people, Turkish investigative journalist for the daily ''Cum ...

. *

January 25 Events Pre-1600 * 41 – After a night of negotiation, Claudius is accepted as Roman emperor by the Senate. * 750 – In the Battle of the Zab, the Abbasid rebels defeat the Umayyad Caliphate, leading to the overthrow of the dynasty ...

– Social Democrat Poul Nyrup Rasmussen succeeds Conservative

Poul Schlüter Poul Holmskov Schlüter (; 3 April 1929 – 27 May 2021) was a Danish politician who served as Prime Minister of Denmark from 1982 to 1993. He was the first member of the Conservative People's Party to become Prime Minister, as well as the first ...

as Prime Minister of Denmark. *

January 26 Events Pre-1600 * 661 – The Rashidun Caliphate is effectively ended with the assassination of Ali, the last caliph. *1531 – The 6.4–7.1 1531 Lisbon earthquake, Lisbon earthquake kills about thirty thousand people. *1564 – ...

–

Václav Havel Václav Havel (; 5 October 193618 December 2011) was a Czech statesman, author, poet, playwright, and former dissident. Havel served as the last president of Czechoslovakia from 1989 until the dissolution of Czechoslovakia in 1992 and then as ...

is elected President of the Czech Republic.

February

February 4 Events Pre–1600 * 211 – Following the death of the Roman Emperor Septimius Severus at Eboracum (modern York, England) while preparing to lead a campaign against the Caledonians, the empire is left in the control of his two quarrellin ...

– Members of the right-wing Austrian Freedom Party of Austria split to form the Liberal Forum in protest against the increasing nationalistic bent of the party. *

February 10 Events Pre-1600 * 1258 – Mongol invasions: Baghdad falls to the Mongols, bringing the Islamic Golden Age to an end. * 1306 – In front of the high altar of Greyfriars Church in Dumfries, Robert the Bruce murders John Comyn, sparkin ...

** Lien Chan is named by

Lee Teng-hui Lee Teng-hui (; 15 January 192330 July 2020) was a Taiwanese statesman and economist who served as President of the Republic of China (Taiwan) under the 1947 Constitution and chairman of the Kuomintang (KMT) from 1988 to 2000. He was the fir ...

to succeed Hau Pei-tsun as Premier of the Republic of China. ** ''

Mani pulite ''Mani pulite'' (; Italian for "clean hands") was a nationwide judicial investigation into political corruption in Italy held in the early 1990s, resulting in the demise of the so-called " First Republic" and the disappearance of many Italian ...

'' scandal: Italian legislator Claudio Martelli resigns, followed by various politicians over the next two weeks. *

February 14 Events Pre-1600 * 748 – Abbasid Revolution: The Hashimi rebels under Abu Muslim Khorasani take Merv, capital of the Umayyad province Khorasan, marking the consolidation of the Abbasid revolt. * 842 – Charles the Bald and Louis ...

Glafcos Clerides Glafcos Ioannou Clerides ( el, Γλαύκος Ιωάννου Κληρίδης; 24 April 1919 – 15 November 2013) was a Cypriot politician and barrister who served as the fourth president of Cyprus from 1993 to 2003. At the time of his death, h ...

defeats incumbent George Vasiliou in the Cypriot presidential election. ** Albert Zafy defeats Didier Ratsiraka in the Madagascar presidential election. *

February 22 Events Pre-1600 * 1076 – Having received a letter during the Lenten synod of 14–20 February demanding that he abdicate, Pope Gregory VII excommunicates Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor. * 1316 – The Battle of Picotin, between Ferdina ...

–

United Nations Security Council Resolution 808 United Nations Security Council resolution 808, adopted unanimously on 22 February 1993, after reaffirming Resolution 713 (1991) and subsequent resolutions on the situation in former Yugoslavia, including resolutions 764 (1992), 771 (1992) and 7 ...

is voted on, deciding that "an international tribunal shall be established" to prosecute violations of international law in

Yugoslavia Yugoslavia (; sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Jugoslavija, Југославија ; sl, Jugoslavija ; mk, Југославија ;; rup, Iugoslavia; hu, Jugoszlávia; rue, label=Pannonian Rusyn, Югославия, translit=Juhoslavija ...

. The tribunal is established on May 25 by Resolution 827. *

February 26 Events Pre-1600 *747 BC – According to Ptolemy, the epoch (origin) of the Nabonassar Era began at noon on this date. Historians use this to establish the modern BC chronology for dating historic events. * 364 – Valentinian I is p ...

– World Trade Center bombing: In New York City, a van bomb parked below the North Tower of the

explodes, killing six people and injuring over one thousand.

March

March 5 Events Pre-1600 * 363 – Roman emperor Julian leaves Antioch with an army of 90,000 to attack the Sasanian Empire, in a campaign which would bring about his own death. * 1046 – Nasir Khusraw begins the seven-year Middle Eastern ...

–

Macedonian Macedonian most often refers to someone or something from or related to Macedonia. Macedonian(s) may specifically refer to: People Modern * Macedonians (ethnic group), a nation and a South Slavic ethnic group primarily associated with North M ...

Palair Palair Macedonian Airlines () was the national flag carrier of Republic of Macedonia operating from Skopje and Ohrid Airports. History During the fall of Yugoslavia, and the establishment of an Independent Macedonian republic in the early ninet ...

Flight 301, an

F-100 F-100 or F100 may refer to: Aerospace and defense * North American F-100 Super Sabre, a fighter aircraft formerly in the service of the United States Air Force * Fokker 100, a regional jet * Pratt & Whitney F100, afterburning turbofan engine * ' ...

on a flight to

Zürich Zürich () is the list of cities in Switzerland, largest city in Switzerland and the capital of the canton of Zürich. It is located in north-central Switzerland, at the northwestern tip of Lake Zürich. As of January 2020, the municipality has 43 ...

, crashes shortly after take-off from

Skopje Skopje ( , , ; mk, Скопје ; sq, Shkup) is the capital and largest city of North Macedonia. It is the country's political, cultural, economic, and academic centre. The territory of Skopje has been inhabited since at least 4000 BC; r ...

, killing 83 of the 97 on board. * March 8 – The Moon moves into its nearest point to Earth, called perigee, at the same time as its fullest phase of the Lunar Cycle. The Moon appears to be 14% bigger and 30% brighter than the year's other full moons. The next time these two events coincided was in 2008. * March 11 – Janet Reno is confirmed by the

United States Senate The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States. The composition and pow ...

and sworn in the next day, becoming the first female Attorney General of the United States. *

March 12 Events Pre-1600 * 538 – Vitiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving the city to the victorious Byzantine general, Belisarius. * 1088 – Election of Urban II as the 159th Pope of the Cat ...

1993 Bombay bombings The 1993 Bombay bombings were a series of 12 terrorist bombings that took place in Bombay, Maharashtra, on 12 March 1993. The single-day attacks resulted in 257 fatalities and 1,400 injuries. The attacks were coordinated by Dawood Ibrahim, le ...

: Several bombs explode in

Bombay Mumbai (, ; also known as Bombay — the official name until 1995) is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra and the ''de facto'' financial centre of India. According to the United Nations, as of 2018, Mumbai is the second- ...

, India, killing 257 and injuring hundreds more. **

North Korea nuclear weapons program North Korea has a military nuclear weapons program and, as of early 2020, is estimated to have an arsenal of approximately 30 to 40 nuclear weapons and sufficient production of fissile material for six to seven nuclear weapons per year.

North Korea North Korea, officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the northern half of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and shares borders with China and Russia to the north, at the Yalu River, Y ...

announces that it plans to withdraw from the

Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, commonly known as the Non-Proliferation Treaty or NPT, is an international treaty whose objective is to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology, to promote cooperation ...

and refuses to allow inspectors access to nuclear sites, beginning the 1993-94 North Korean Nuclear Crisis. *

March 13 Events Pre-1600 *624 – The Battle of Badr, the first major battle between the Muslims and Quraysh. *1567 – The Battle of Oosterweel, traditionally regarded as the start of the Eighty Years' War. *1591 – At the Battle of Tond ...

– 15 – The

Great Blizzard of 1993 The 1993 Storm of the Century (also known as the 93 Superstorm, The No Name Storm, or the Great Blizzard of '93/1993) was a cyclonic storm that formed over the Gulf of Mexico on March 12, 1993. The cold weather, heavy snowfall, high winds and st ...

strikes the eastern U.S., bringing record snowfall and other severe weather all the way from

Cuba Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...

Quebec Quebec ( ; )According to the Canadian government, ''Québec'' (with the acute accent) is the official name in Canadian French and ''Quebec'' (without the accent) is the province's official name in Canadian English is one of the thirtee ...

; it reportedly kills 184 people. *

–

1993 Australian federal election The 1993 Australian federal election was held to determine the members of the 37th Parliament of Australia. It was held on 13 March 1993. All 147 seats of the Australian House of Representatives and 40 seats of the 76-seat Australian Senate we ...

: Paul Keating's Labor

Government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a ...

is re-elected with an increased majority, defeating the

Liberal Liberal or liberalism may refer to: Politics * a supporter of liberalism ** Liberalism by country * an adherent of a Liberal Party * Liberalism (international relations) * Sexually liberal feminism * Social liberalism Arts, entertainment and m ...

National National may refer to: Common uses * Nation or country ** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen Places in the United States * National, Maryland, ce ...

Coalition A coalition is a group formed when two or more people or groups temporarily work together to achieve a common goal. The term is most frequently used to denote a formation of power in political or economical spaces. Formation According to ''A Gui ...

led by John Hewson. * March 17 – The

Kurdistan Workers' Party The Kurdistan Workers' Party or PKK is a Kurdish militant political organization and armed guerrilla movement, which historically operated throughout Kurdistan, but is now primarily based in the mountainous Kurdish-majority regions of south ...

announces a unilateral

ceasefire A ceasefire (also known as a truce or armistice), also spelled cease fire (the antonym of 'open fire'), is a temporary stoppage of a war in which each side agrees with the other to suspend aggressive actions. Ceasefires may be between state act ...

. * March 24 ** The Israeli

Knesset The Knesset ( he, הַכְּנֶסֶת ; "gathering" or "assembly") is the unicameral legislature of Israel. As the supreme state body, the Knesset is sovereign and thus has complete control of the entirety of the Israeli government (with ...

elects

Ezer Weizman Ezer Weizman (; he, עֵזֶר וַיצְמָן ''Ezer Vaytsman''; 15 June 1924 – 24 April 2005) was the seventh President of Israel, first elected in 1993 and re-elected in 1998. Before the presidency, Weizman was commander of the Israeli Ai ...

President of Israel The president of the State of Israel ( he, נְשִׂיא מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, Nesi Medinat Yisra'el, or he, נְשִׂיא הַמְדִינָה, Nesi HaMedina, President of the State) is the head of state of Israel. The posi ...

. ** South Africa officially abandons its nuclear weapons programme. President de Klerk announces that the country's six warheads had already been dismantled in

1989 File:1989 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The Cypress Street Viaduct, Cypress structure collapses as a result of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, killing motorists below; The proposal document for the World Wide Web is submitted; The Exxo ...

. * March 27 **

Jiang Zemin Jiang Zemin (17 August 1926 – 30 November 2022) was a Chinese politician who served as general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) from 1989 to 2002, as chairman of the Central Military Commission from 1989 to 2004, and as pres ...

becomes

President of the People's Republic of China The president of the People's Republic of China, commonly called the president of China, is the head of state and the second-highest political office of the People's Republic of China. The presidency is constitutionally a largely ceremonial off ...

. ** Following a rash of

integrist In politics, integralism, integrationism or integrism (french: intégrisme) is an interpretation of Catholic social teaching that argues for an authoritarian and anti- pluralist Catholic state, wherever the preponderance of Catholics within t ...

murders (including those of foreigners),

Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , relig ...

breaks diplomatic relations with Iran, accusing the country of interfering in its interior affairs. ** Mahamane Ousmane is elected president of

Niger ) , official_languages = , languages_type = National languagesMarch 28 Events Pre-1600 * AD 37 – Roman emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, bestowed on him by the Senate. * 193 – After assassinating the Roman Emperor Pertinax, his Praetorian Guards auction off the throne to Di ...

–

1993 French legislative election French legislative elections took place on 21 and 28 March 1993 to elect the tenth National Assembly of the Fifth Republic. Since 1988, President François Mitterrand and his Socialist cabinets had relied on a relative parliamentary majority. ...

Rally for the Republic The Rally for the Republic (french: Rassemblement pour la République ; RPR ), was a Gaullist and conservative political party in France. Originating from the Union of Democrats for the Republic (UDR), it was founded by Jacques Chirac in 1976 a ...

(Gaullist party) wins a majority and Édouard Balladur becomes

Prime Minister A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister is not ...

. * March 29 – The 65th Academy Awards, hosted by Billy Crystal, are held at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion in

Los Angeles Los Angeles ( ; es, Los Ángeles, link=no , ), often referred to by its initials L.A., is the largest city in the state of California and the second most populous city in the United States after New York City, as well as one of the world' ...

, with '' Unforgiven'' winning Best Picture.

April

* April–May –

1993 Four Corners hantavirus outbreak The 1993 Four Corners hantavirus outbreak was an outbreak of hantavirus that caused the first known human cases of hantavirus disease in the United States. It occurred within the Four Corners region – the geographic intersection of the U.S. sta ...

: Thirteen people are killed by Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, mainly in the

Southwestern United States The Southwestern United States, also known as the American Southwest or simply the Southwest, is a geographic and cultural region of the United States that generally includes Arizona, New Mexico, and adjacent portions of California, Colorado, Ne ...

. * April–October – Great Flood of 1993: The

Mississippi Mississippi () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States, bordered to the north by Tennessee; to the east by Alabama; to the south by the Gulf of Mexico; to the southwest by Louisiana; and to the northwest by Arkansas. Miss ...

and Missouri Rivers flood large portions of the American Midwest. *

April 8 Events Pre-1600 * 217 – Roman emperor Caracalla is assassinated and is succeeded by his Praetorian Guard prefect, Marcus Opellius Macrinus. * 876 – The Battle of Dayr al-'Aqul saves Baghdad from the Saffarids. *1139 – Ro ...

– The Republic of Macedonia is admitted to the

United Nations The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and international security, security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be ...

. * April 16 –

Bosnian War The Bosnian War ( sh, Rat u Bosni i Hercegovini / Рат у Босни и Херцеговини) was an international armed conflict that took place in Bosnia and Herzegovina between 1992 and 1995. The war is commonly seen as having started ...

: the enclave of Srebrenica is declared a UN-protected "safe area". *

April 19 Events Pre-1600 *AD 65 – The freedman Milichus betrays Piso's plot to kill the Emperor Nero and all the conspirators are arrested. * 531 – Battle of Callinicum: A Byzantine army under Belisarius is defeated by the Persians at ...

– Waco siege: A 51-day stand-off at the Branch Davidian compound near

Waco, Texas Waco ( ) is the county seat of McLennan County, Texas, United States. It is situated along the Brazos River and I-35, halfway between Dallas and Austin. The city had a 2020 population of 138,486, making it the 22nd-most populous city in the ...

, ends with a fire that kills 76 people, including

. * April 20 – The Council for National Academic Awards, the national degree-awarding authority in the United Kingdom, is officially dissolved. *

April 21 Events Pre-1600 *753 BC – Romulus founds Rome ( traditional date). * 43 BC – Battle of Mutina: Mark Antony is again defeated in battle by Aulus Hirtius, who is killed. Antony fails to capture Mutina and Decimus Brutus is murdered ...

– The Supreme Court in

La Paz La Paz (), officially known as Nuestra Señora de La Paz (Spanish pronunciation: ), is the seat of government of the Bolivia, Plurinational State of Bolivia. With an estimated 816,044 residents as of 2020, La Paz is the List of Bolivian cities ...

Bolivia , image_flag = Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg , flag_alt = Horizontal tricolor (red, yellow, and green from top to bottom) with the coat of arms of Bolivia in the center , flag_alt2 = 7 × 7 square p ...

, sentences former dictator

Luis Garcia Meza Luis is a given name. It is the Spanish form of the originally Germanic name or . Other Iberian Romance languages have comparable forms: (with an accent mark on the i) in Portuguese and Galician, in Aragonese and Catalan, while is archaic ...

to 30 years in jail without parole for murder, theft, fraud and violating the constitution. *

April 23 Events Pre-1600 * 215 BC – A temple is built on the Capitoline Hill dedicated to Venus Erycina to commemorate the Roman defeat at Lake Trasimene. * 599 – Maya king Uneh Chan of Calakmul attacks rival city-state Palenque in southe ...

** The

World Health Organization The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health. The WHO Constitution states its main objective as "the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of h ...

declares

tuberculosis Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by '' Mycobacterium tuberculosis'' (MTB) bacteria. Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body. Most infections show no symptoms, in ...

a global emergency. **

ns vote overwhelmingly for independence from

Ethiopia Ethiopia, , om, Itiyoophiyaa, so, Itoobiya, ti, ኢትዮጵያ, Ítiyop'iya, aa, Itiyoppiya officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the ...

in a

-monitored referendum, the

1993 Eritrean independence referendum An independence referendum was held in Eritrea, at the time part of Ethiopia, between 23 and 25 April 1993. The result was 99.83% in favour, with a 98.5% turnout. Independence from Ethiopia was declared on 27 April. Conduct The UN Observer Mis ...

. * April 26 – Oscar Luigi Scalfaro appoints

Carlo Azeglio Ciampi Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (; 9 December 1920 – 16 September 2016) was an Italian politician and banker who was the prime minister of Italy from 1993 to 1994 and the president of Italy from 1999 to 2006. Biography Education Ciampi was born i ...

Prime Minister of Italy The Prime Minister of Italy, officially the President of the Council of Ministers ( it, link=no, Presidente del Consiglio dei Ministri), is the head of government of the Italian Republic. The office of president of the Council of Ministers is ...

. *

April 27 Events Pre-1600 * 247 – Philip the Arab marks the millennium of Rome with a celebration of the ''ludi saeculares''. * 395 – Emperor Arcadius marries Aelia Eudoxia, daughter of the Frankish general Flavius Bauto. She becomes one of ...

: Eritrean independence is declared verified by the

. **

1993 Yemeni parliamentary election Parliamentary elections were held in Yemen on 27 April 1993, the first after Yemeni unification. The General People's Congress emerged as the largest party, winning 123 of the 301 seats. Voter turnout was 84.8%. Electoral system The country cont ...

: The General People's Congress of Yemen wins a plurality of 121 seats. **

1993 Zambia national football team plane crash On the evening of 27 April 1993, a DHC-5 Buffalo transport aircraft of the Zambian Air Force crashed into the Atlantic Ocean shortly after taking off from Libreville, Gabon. The flight was carrying most of the Zambian national football team t ...

: All members of the

Zambia national football team The Zambia national football team represents Zambia in men's international association football and it is governed by the Football Association of Zambia (FAZ). During the 1980s, they were known as the KK 11, after founding president Dr. Kenneth ...

die in a plane crash off Libreville, Gabon en route to

Dakar Dakar ( ; ; wo, Ndakaaru) (from daqaar ''tamarind''), is the capital and largest city of Senegal. The city of Dakar proper has a population of 1,030,594, whereas the population of the Dakar metropolitan area is estimated at 3.94 million in 2 ...

Senegal Senegal,; Wolof: ''Senegaal''; Pulaar: 𞤅𞤫𞤲𞤫𞤺𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭 (Senegaali); Arabic: السنغال ''As-Sinighal'') officially the Republic of Senegal,; Wolof: ''Réewum Senegaal''; Pulaar : 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣𞤭 � ...

. * April 30 – Tennis player Monica Seles – at this time the top-ranked player in women's tennis – is stabbed during a match at the

1993 Citizen Cup The Citizen Cup was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the seventh edition of the Citizen Cup and was a Tier II tournament on the 1993 WTA Tour. The tournament took place from 26 April to 2 May 1993 at the Am Rothen ...

Hamburg (male), (female) en, Hamburger(s), Hamburgian(s) , timezone1 = Central (CET) , utc_offset1 = +1 , timezone1_DST = Central (CEST) , utc_offset1_DST = +2 , postal ...

Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...

May

* May 1 ** A Tamil Tigers suicide bomber assassinates President

Ranasinghe Premadasa Sri Lankabhimanya Ranasinghe Premadasa ( si, රණසිංහ ප්‍රේමදාස ''Raṇasiṃha Premadāsa'', ta, ரணசிங்க பிரேமதாசா ''Raṇaciṅka Pirēmatācā''; 23 June 1924 – 1 May 1993) was t ...

Sri Lanka Sri Lanka (, ; si, ශ්‍රී ලංකා, Śrī Laṅkā, translit-std=ISO (); ta, இலங்கை, Ilaṅkai, translit-std=ISO ()), formerly known as Ceylon and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an ...

Dingiri Banda Wijetunga Sri Lankabhimanya Dingiri Banda Wijetunga ( si, ඩිංගිරි බණ්ඩා විජේතුංග, ta, டிங்கிரி பண்ட விஜேதுங்க; 15 February 1916 – 21 September 2008) was the fourth Presid ...

becomes the third executive president of

. * May 4 –

UNOSOM II United Nations Operation in Somalia II (UNOSOM II) was the second phase of the United Nations intervention in Somalia and took place from March 1993 until March 1995, following the outbreak of the Somali Civil War in 1991. UNOSOM II carried on ...

assumes the

Somalia Somalia, , Osmanya script: 𐒈𐒝𐒑𐒛𐒐𐒘𐒕𐒖; ar, الصومال, aṣ-Ṣūmāl officially the Federal Republic of SomaliaThe ''Federal Republic of Somalia'' is the country's name per Article 1 of thProvisional Constituti ...

n duties of the dissolved

UNITAF The Unified Task Force (UNITAF) was a United States-led, United Nations-sanctioned multinational force which operated in Somalia from 5 December 1992 until 4 May 1993. A United States initiative (code-named Operation Restore Hope), U ...

. *

May 9 Events Pre-1600 * 328 – Athanasius is elected Patriarch of Alexandria. *1009 – Lombard Revolt: Lombard forces led by Melus revolt in Bari against the Byzantine Catepanate of Italy. *1386 – England and Portugal formally rati ...

– Juan Carlos Wasmosy becomes the first democratically elected President of Paraguay in nearly 40 years, after defeating

Domingo Laíno Domingo Isabelino Laíno Figueredo (born July 8, 1935 in Asunción, Paraguay) is a Paraguayan politician, economist, and activist. The first leader of the Authentic Radical Liberal Party, a Senate of Paraguay, Senator, and a former Chamber of De ...

in the

1993 Paraguayan general election General elections were held in Paraguay on 9 May 1993.Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume II'', p425 They were the first free elections in the country's 182-year history, the first with no military candidate ...

. *

May 15 Events Pre-1600 * 221 – Liu Bei, Chinese warlord, proclaims himself emperor of Shu Han, the successor of the Han dynasty. * 392 – Emperor Valentinian II is assassinated while advancing into Gaul against the Frankish usurper Arbog ...

– Niamh Kavanagh wins the

Eurovision Song Contest The Eurovision Song Contest (), sometimes abbreviated to ESC and often known simply as Eurovision, is an international songwriting competition organised annually by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), featuring participants representing pr ...

for Ireland with ''

In Your Eyes IN, In or in may refer to: Places * India (country code IN) * Indiana, United States (postal code IN) * Ingolstadt, Germany (license plate code IN) * In, Russia, a town in the Jewish Autonomous Oblast Businesses and organizations * Independ ...

''. *

May 16 Events Pre-1600 * 946 – Emperor Suzaku abdicates the throne in favor of his brother Murakami who becomes the 62nd emperor of Japan. *1204 – Baldwin IX, Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire. * 1364 ...

– The

Grand National Assembly of Turkey The Grand National Assembly of Turkey ( tr, ), usually referred to simply as the TBMM or Parliament ( tr, or ''Parlamento''), is the unicameral Turkish legislature. It is the sole body given the legislative prerogatives by the Turkish Consti ...

elects Prime Minister

Süleyman Demirel Süleyman Sami Demirel (; 1 November 1924 – 17 June 2015) was a Turkish people, Turkish politician, engineer, and statesman who served as the List of Presidents of Turkey, 9th President of Turkey from 1993 to 2000. He previously served as the ...

President of Turkey The president of Turkey, officially the president of the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanı), is the head of state and head of government of Turkey. The president directs the executive branch of the government of Tu ...

. After Demirel becomes president, the acting

Prime Minister of Turkey The prime minister of the Republic of Turkey (Turkish language, Turkish: ''Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Başbakanı'') was the head of government of the Republic of Turkey from 1920 to 2018, who led a political coalition in the Grand National Assembly of ...

is Erdal İnönü of Social Democratic Populist Party for 40 days. *

May 24 Events Pre-1600 * 919 – The nobles of Franconia and Saxony elect Henry the Fowler at the Imperial Diet in Fritzlar as king of the East Frankish Kingdom. * 1218 – The Fifth Crusade leaves Acre for Egypt. * 1276 – Magnus La ...

–

gains independence from

. * May 25 – The

International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) was a body of the United Nations that was established to prosecute the war crimes that had been committed during the Yugoslav Wars and to try their perpetrators. The tribunal ...

is created in

The Hague The Hague ( ; nl, Den Haag or ) is a city and municipality of the Netherlands, situated on the west coast facing the North Sea. The Hague is the country's administrative centre and its seat of government, and while the official capital of ...

. * May 28 – Eritrea and

Monaco Monaco (; ), officially the Principality of Monaco (french: Principauté de Monaco; Ligurian: ; oc, Principat de Mónegue), is a sovereign city-state and microstate on the French Riviera a few kilometres west of the Italian region of Lig ...

gain entry to the United Nations.

June

June 1 Events Pre-1600 *1215 – Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen people, Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Zhongdu. *1252 – Alfonso X is pr ...

** Large protests erupt against

Slobodan Milošević Slobodan Milošević (, ; 20 August 1941 – 11 March 2006) was a Yugoslav and Serbian politician who was the president of Serbia within Yugoslavia from 1989 to 1997 (originally the Socialist Republic of Serbia, a constituent republic of ...

's regime in

Belgrade Belgrade ( , ;, ; Names of European cities in different languages: B, names in other languages) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Serbia, largest city in Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers a ...

; opposition leader Vuk Drašković and his wife Danica are arrested. **

President of Guatemala The president of Guatemala ( es, Presidente de Guatemala), officially known as the President of the Republic of Guatemala ( es, Presidente de la República de Guatemala), is the head of state and head of government of Guatemala, elected to a ...

Jorge Serrano Elías Jorge Antonio Serrano Elías (born 26 April 1945) is a Guatemalan politician who served as President of Guatemala from January 14, 1991 to June 1, 1993. Life and career Serrano was born 26 April 1945 in Guatemala City as the son of Jorge Adán ...

is forced to flee the country after an attempted self-coup. **

1993 Burundian presidential election Presidential elections were held in Burundi on 1 June 1993 following the approval of a new constitution in a referendum the previous year. They were the first multi-party elections for the presidency, the only previous elections in 1984 having bee ...

: The first multiparty elections in Burundi since the country's independence lead to the election of Melchior Ndadaye, leader of the Front for Democracy in Burundi. The next day's

legislative election A general election is a political voting election where generally all or most members of a given political body are chosen. These are usually held for a nation, state, or territory's primary legislative body, and are different from by-elections ( ...

sees his party win with an overwhelming majority. *

June 5 Events Pre-1600 *1257 – Kraków, in Poland, receives city rights. *1283 – Battle of the Gulf of Naples: Roger of Lauria, admiral to King Peter III of Aragon, destroys the Neapolitan fleet and captures Charles II of Naples, Charles ...

** The National Assembly of Venezuela designates Ramón José Velásquez as successor of suspended

President President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...

Carlos Andrés Pérez Carlos Andrés Pérez Rodríguez (27 October 1922 – 25 December 2010) also known as CAP and often referred to as '' El Gocho'' (due to his Andean origins), was a Venezuelan politician and the president of Venezuela from 12 March 1974 to 12 M ...

. ** Twenty-four

Pakistan Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 24 ...

i troops in the

forces are killed in

Mogadishu Mogadishu (, also ; so, Muqdisho or ; ar, مقديشو ; it, Mogadiscio ), locally known as Xamar or Hamar, is the capital and List of cities in Somalia by population, most populous city of Somalia. The city has served as an important port ...

. *

June 6 Events Pre-1600 * 913 – Constantine VII, the eight-year-old illegitimate son of Leo VI the Wise, becomes nominal ruler of the Byzantine Empire under the regency of a seven-man council headed by Patriarch Nicholas Mystikos, appointed b ...

** Following the

Revolutionary Nationalist Movement The Revolutionary Nationalist Movement ( es, Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario , MNR) is a centre-right conservative political party in Bolivia and was the leading force behind the Bolivian National Revolution from 1952 to 1964. It influen ...

's victory,

Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada Sánchez Bustamante (born 1 July 1930), often referred to as Goni, is a Bolivian businessman and politician who served as the 61st president of Bolivia from 1993 to 1997 and from 2002 to 2003. A member of the Revolut ...

becomes President of Bolivia. **

Mongolia Mongolia; Mongolian script: , , ; lit. "Mongol Nation" or "State of Mongolia" () is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south. It covers an area of , with a population of just 3.3 million, ...

holds its first direct presidential elections. *

June 8 Events Pre-1600 * 218 – Battle of Antioch: With the support of the Syrian legions, Elagabalus defeats the forces of emperor Macrinus. * 452 – Attila leads a Hun army in the invasion of Italy, devastating the northern provinces ...

– The PKK-declared ceasefire ends in

. * June 14 – Multipartyists win a referendum on the future of the one-party system in

Malawi Malawi (; or aláwi Tumbuka: ''Malaŵi''), officially the Republic of Malawi, is a landlocked country in Southeastern Africa that was formerly known as Nyasaland. It is bordered by Zambia to the west, Tanzania to the north and northeast ...

. * June 18 – Iraq disarmament crisis: Iraq refuses to allow UNSCOM weapons inspectors to install remote-controlled monitoring cameras at two missile engine test stands. * June 22 – Japan's

New Party Sakigake The , also known as the New Harbinger Party, was a political party in Japan that broke away from the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) on 22 June 1993. The party was created by Masayoshi Takemura. The party was centrist, and had many reformist an ...

breaks away from the Liberal Democratic Party. * June 24 – UK mathematician Andrew Wiles wins worldwide fame after presenting his proof of Fermat's Last Theorem, a problem that had been unsolved for more than three centuries. * June 25 **

Kim Campbell Avril Phaedra Douglas "Kim" Campbell (born March 10, 1947) is a Canadian politician, diplomat, lawyer, and writer who served as the 19th prime minister of Canada from June 25 to November 4, 1993. Campbell is the first and so far only female p ...

becomes the 19th, and first female,

Prime Minister of Canada The prime minister of Canada (french: premier ministre du Canada, link=no) is the head of government of Canada. Under the Westminster system, the prime minister governs with the Confidence and supply, confidence of a majority the elected Hou ...

. ** Tansu Çiller of True Path Party forms the new government of

. ** Zoran Lilić succeeds

Dobrica Ćosić Dobrica Ćosić ( sr, Добрица Ћосић, ; 29 December 1921 – 18 May 2014) was a Yugoslav and Serbian politician, writer, and political theorist. Ćosić was twice awarded the prestigious NIN award for literature and Medal of Pushkin f ...

as President of Yugoslavia. ** The

litas The Lithuanian litas (ISO currency code LTL, symbolized as Lt; plural ''litai'' (nominative) or ''litų'' (genitive) was the currency of Lithuania, until 1 January 2015, when it was replaced by the euro. It was divided into 100 centų (genit ...

is introduced as the new currency of

Lithuania Lithuania (; lt, Lietuva ), officially the Republic of Lithuania ( lt, Lietuvos Respublika, links=no ), is a country in the Baltic region of Europe. It is one of three Baltic states and lies on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea. Lithuania ...

. ** Jacques Attali resigns as President of the

European Bank for Reconstruction and Development The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) is an international financial institution founded in 1991. As a multilateral developmental investment bank, the EBRD uses investment as a tool to build market economies. Initially focus ...

. * June 26– 28 – Typhoon Koryn causes massive damage to the

Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...

, China and

Macau Macau or Macao (; ; ; ), officially the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (MSAR), is a city and special administrative region of China in the western Pearl River Delta by the South China Sea. With a pop ...

. * June 27 – U.S. President

orders a cruise missile attack on Iraqi intelligence headquarters in the

Al-Mansur Abū Jaʿfar ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad al-Manṣūr (; ar, أبو جعفر عبد الله بن محمد المنصور‎; 95 AH – 158 AH/714 CE – 6 October 775 CE) usually known simply as by his laqab Al-Manṣūr (المنصور) w ...

District of

, in response to an Iraqi plot to assassinate former U.S. President

during his visit to Kuwait in mid-April.

July

* July 5 ** Iraq disarmament crisis: UN inspection teams leave Iraq. Iraq then agrees to UNSCOM demands and the inspection teams return. ** Electrochemist Faiza Al-Kharafi is appointed rector (president) of Kuwait University, the first woman to head a major university in the Middle East. * July 7– 9 – The

19th G7 summit The 19th G7 Summit was held in Tokyo, Japan, on July 7–9, 1993. The venue for the summit meetings was the State Guesthouse in Tokyo, Japan.Japan, Ministry of Foreign Affairs ( MOFA) Summit Meetings in the Past. Accessed 2009-03-11. 2009-04-30. ...

is held in Tokyo, Japan. * July 7 – Hurricane Calvin lands in Mexico. It is the second Pacific hurricane on record to land in Mexico in July and kills 34. *

July 12 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – The armies of Titus attack the walls of Jerusalem after a six-month siege. Three days later they breach the walls, which enables the army to destroy the Second Temple. * 927 – King Constantine II of ...

– The 7.7 Hokkaidō earthquake affected northern Japan with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (''Severe'') and triggers a devastating

tsunami A tsunami ( ; from ja, 津波, lit=harbour wave, ) is a series of waves in a water body caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, generally in an ocean or a large lake. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and other underwater explo ...

that kills 230 on the small island of Okushiri, Hokkaido. *

July 19 Events Pre-1600 *AD 64 – The Great Fire of Rome causes widespread devastation and rages on for six days, destroying half of the city. * 484 – Leontius, Roman usurper, is crowned Eastern emperor at Tarsus (modern Turkey). He is re ...

–

1993 Japanese general election General elections were held in Japan on 18 July 1993 to elect the 511 members of the House of Representatives. The Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), which had been in power since 1955, lost their majority in the House. An eight-party coalition gov ...

: The loss of majority of the Liberal Democratic Party results in a coalition taking power. *

July 25 Events Pre-1600 * 306 – Constantine I is proclaimed Roman emperor by his troops. * 315 – The Arch of Constantine is completed near the Colosseum in Rome to commemorate Constantine I's victory over Maxentius at the Milvian Bridge. ...

– In a terrorist attack members of the Azanian People's Liberation Army open fire on a congregation inside St James Church in

Kenilworth, Cape Town Kenilworth is a suburb in Cape Town, South Africa. Geography Kenilworth is bordered by Wynberg to the south and Claremont to the north. Kenilworth railway station is on the main line from Cape Town to Simon's Town. Main Road (which runs fro ...

, killing eleven and injuring fifty. *

July 26 Events Pre-1600 * 657 – First Fitna: In the Battle of Siffin, troops led by Ali ibn Abu Talib clash with those led by Muawiyah I. * 811 – Battle of Pliska: Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros I is killed and his heir Staurakios is seri ...

Miguel Indurain --> Miguel is a given name and surname, the Portuguese and Spanish form of the Hebrew name Michael. It may refer to: Places * Pedro Miguel, a parish in the municipality of Horta and the island of Faial in the Azores Islands * São Miguel (disam ...

wins the

1993 Tour de France The 1993 Tour de France was the 80th edition of the Tour de France, taking place from 3 to 25 July. It consisted of 20 stages, over a distance of . The winner of the previous two years, Miguel Induráin, successfully defended his title. The poin ...

. **

Asiana Airlines Flight 733 Asiana Airlines Flight 733 (OZ733, AAR733, registration HL7229) was a domestic Asiana Airlines passenger flight from Seoul-Gimpo International Airport (SEL at the time, now GMP) to Mokpo Airport (MPK), South Korea. The Boeing 737 crashed on July ...

crashes into Mt. Ungeo in

Haenam Haenam (''Haenam-gun'') is a county in South Jeolla Province, South Korea. The capital of Haenam-gun is Haenam-eup (Haenam town). The economy of the county is based mainly on agriculture, with rice and radish being the two most common crops. Hist ...

, South Korea; 68 are killed. * July 29 – The Israeli Supreme Court acquits accused

Nazi Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in ...

death camp guard

John Demjanjuk John Demjanjuk (born Ivan Mykolaiovych Demjanjuk; uk, Іван Миколайович Дем'янюк; 3 April 1920 – 17 March 2012) was a Ukrainian-American who served as a Trawniki man and Nazi camp guard at Sobibor extermination camp, M ...

of all charges and he is set free.

August

* August – The

European Exchange Rate Mechanism The European Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM II) is a system introduced by the European Economic Community on 1 January 1999 alongside the introduction of a single currency, the euro (replacing ERM 1 and the euro's predecessor, the ECU) as p ...

margin was expanded to 15% to accommodate

speculation In finance, speculation is the purchase of an asset (a commodity, good (economics), goods, or real estate) with the hope that it will become more valuable shortly. (It can also refer to short sales in which the speculator hopes for a decline i ...

against the French franc and other currencies. *

August 5 Events Pre-1600 *AD 25 – Guangwu claims the throne as Emperor of China, restoring the Han dynasty after the collapse of the short-lived Xin dynasty. * 70 – Fires resulting from the destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem are ...

– The discovery of the Tel Dan Stele, the first archaeological confirmation of the existence of the

Davidic line The Davidic line or House of David () refers to the lineage of the Israelite king David through texts in the Hebrew Bible, the New Testament, and through the succeeding centuries. According to the Bible, David, of the Tribe of Judah, was the t ...

, is announced. * August 9 – King Albert II of Belgium is sworn into office nine days after the death of his brother, King

Baudouin I Baudouin (;, ; nl, Boudewijn Albert Karel Leopold Axel Maria Gustaaf, ; german: Balduin Albrecht Karl Leopold Axel Maria Gustav. 7 September 1930 – 31 July 1993), Dutch name Boudewijn, was King of the Belgians from 17 July 1951 until his dea ...

. *

August 13 Events Pre-1600 * 29 BC – Octavian holds the first of three consecutive triumphs in Rome to celebrate the victory over the Dalmatian tribes. * 523 – John I becomes the new Pope after the death of Pope Hormisdas. * 554 – Em ...

– More than 130 die in the collapse of Royal Plaza Hotel at

Nakhon Ratchasima Nakhon Ratchasima ( th, นครราชสีมา, ) is one of the four major cities of Isan, Thailand, known as the "big four of Isan". The city is commonly known as Korat (, ), a shortened form of its name. It is the governmental seat of ...

Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is bo ...

's worst hotel disaster. *

–

NASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the civil space program, aeronautics research, and space research. NASA was established in 1958, succeeding t ...

loses radio contact with the Mars Observer orbiter 3 days before the spacecraft is scheduled to enter orbit around

Mars Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System, only being larger than Mercury (planet), Mercury. In the English language, Mars is named for the Mars (mythology), Roman god of war. Mars is a terr ...

. *

August 28 Events Pre-1600 * 475 – The Roman general Orestes forces western Roman Emperor Julius Nepos to flee his capital city, Ravenna. * 489 – Theodoric, king of the Ostrogoths, defeats Odoacer at the Battle of Isonzo, forcing his way ...

– Ong Teng Cheong becomes the first President of Singapore elected by the population. * August 31 – Russia completes removing its troops from

September

* September 13 **

1993 Norwegian parliamentary election Parliamentary elections were held in Norway on 12 and 13 September 1993.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1438 It was the first European election where the two largest parties fielded a female leade ...

: The Labour Party wins a plurality of the seats and Prime Minister

Gro Harlem Brundtland Gro Brundtland (; born Gro Harlem, 20 April 1939) is a Norwegian politician (Arbeiderpartiet), who served three terms as the 29th prime minister of Norway (1981, 1986–89, and 1990–96) and as the director-general of the World Health Organizati ...

retains office. **

: Following initially secret talks from earlier in the year,

PLO The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO; ar, منظمة التحرير الفلسطينية, ') is a Palestinian nationalist political and militant organization founded in 1964 with the initial purpose of establishing Arab unity and s ...

leader Yasser Arafat and

Israel Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...

i prime minister Yitzhak Rabin shake hands in Washington, D.C. after signing a peace accord. *

September 15 Events Pre-1600 * 994 – Major Fatimid victory over the Byzantine Empire at the Battle of the Orontes. *1440 – Gilles de Rais, one of the earliest known serial killers, is taken into custody upon an accusation brought against him by ...

– 21 –

Hurricane Gert Hurricane Gert was a large tropical cyclone that caused extensive flooding and mudslides throughout Central America and Mexico in September 1993. The seventh named storm and third hurricane of the annual hurricane season, Gert originated as ...

crosses from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean through Central America and Mexico. *

September 17 Events Pre-1600 * 1111 – Highest Galician nobility led by Pedro Fróilaz de Traba and the bishop Diego Gelmírez crown Alfonso VII as "King of Galicia". * 1176 – The Battle of Myriokephalon is the last attempt by the Byzantine Empi ...

– Russian troops withdraw from Poland. * September 19 –

1993 Polish parliamentary election Parliamentary elections were held in Poland on 19 September 1993.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1491 In the Sejm elections, 52.13% of citizens cast their votes, and 95.7% of them were counted as v ...

: A coalition of the Democratic Left Alliance and the Polish People's Party led by Waldemar Pawlak comes into power. *

September 22 Events Pre-1600 * 904 – The warlord Zhu Quanzhong kills Emperor Zhaozong, the penultimate emperor of the Tang dynasty, after seizing control of the imperial government. * 1236 – The Samogitians defeat the Livonian Brothers of th ...

–

Big Bayou Canot train disaster On September 22, 1993, an Amtrak train derailed on the CSX Transportation Big Bayou Canot Bridge near Mobile, Alabama, United States. It was caused by displacement of a span and deformation of the rails when a tow of heavy barges collided with ...

: A bridge collapses while the Amtrak ''

Sunset Limited The ''Sunset Limited'' is an Amtrak passenger train that for most of its history has operated between New Orleans and Los Angeles, over the nation's second transcontinental route. However, up until Hurricane Katrina in 2005, it operated betwe ...

'' is in the process of crossing it, killing 47 people. *

September 23 Events Pre-1600 * 38 – Drusilla, Caligula's sister who died in June, with whom the emperor is said to have an incestuous relationship, is deified. * 1122 – Pope Callixtus II and Holy Roman Emperor Henry V agree to the Concordat ...

– The

International Olympic Committee The International Olympic Committee (IOC; french: link=no, Comité international olympique, ''CIO'') is a non-governmental sports organisation based in Lausanne, Switzerland. It is constituted in the form of an association under the Swiss ...

selects

Sydney Sydney ( ) is the capital city of the state of New South Wales, and the most populous city in both Australia and Oceania. Located on Australia's east coast, the metropolis surrounds Sydney Harbour and extends about towards the Blue Mountain ...

, Australia, to host the

2000 Summer Olympics The 2000 Summer Olympics, officially the Games of the XXVII Olympiad and also known as Sydney 2000 (Dharug: ''Gadigal 2000''), the Millennium Olympic Games or the Games of the New Millennium, was an international multi-sport event held from 1 ...

. *

September 24 Events Pre-1600 *787 – Second Council of Nicaea: The council assembles at the church of Hagia Sophia. *1568 – Spanish naval forces defeat an English fleet, under the command of John Hawkins, at the Battle of San Juan de Ulúa near ...

– The

Cambodia Cambodia (; also Kampuchea ; km, កម្ពុជា, UNGEGN: ), officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country located in the southern portion of the Indochinese Peninsula in Southeast Asia, spanning an area of , bordered by Thailand t ...

n monarchy is restored, with

Norodom Sihanouk Norodom Sihanouk (; km, នរោត្តម សីហនុ, ; 31 October 192215 October 2012) was a Cambodian statesman, Sangkum and FUNCINPEC politician, Norodom Sihanouk filmography, film director, and composer who led Cambodia in vari ...

as king. * September 26 ** The first mission in

Biosphere 2 Biosphere 2 is an American Earth system science research facility located in Oracle, Arizona. Its mission is to serve as a center for research, outreach, teaching, and lifelong learning about Earth, its living systems, and its place in the univers ...

ends after two years. **

PoSAT-1 PoSAT-1, the first Portuguese satellite, was launched into orbit on 26 September 1993, on the 59th flight of the Ariane 40 launch vehicle. The launch took place in the Centre Spatial Guyanais, French Guiana. About 20 minutes and 35 seconds aft ...

(the first Portuguese satellite) is launched on board French rocket Ariane 4. * September 27 – War in Abkhazia: Fall of Sukhumi – Eduard Shevardnadze accuses Russia of passive complicity. *

September 30 Events Pre-1600 * 489 – The Ostrogoths under Theoderic the Great defeat the forces of Odoacer for the second time. * 737 – The Turgesh drive back an Umayyad invasion of Khuttal, follow them south of the Oxus, and capture their b ...

– Latur earthquake: A 6.2 earthquake occurs in the vicinity of

Maharashtra Maharashtra (; , abbr. MH or Maha) is a states and union territories of India, state in the western India, western peninsular region of India occupying a substantial portion of the Deccan Plateau. Maharashtra is the List of states and union te ...

, India having a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (''Severe''), killing 9,748 and injuring 30,000.

October

* October 3– 4– Battle of Mogadishu: The U.S. Army conducts

Operation Gothic Serpent Operation Gothic Serpent was a military operation conducted in Mogadishu, Somalia, by an American force code-named ''Task Force Ranger'' during the Somali Civil War in 1993. The primary objective of the operation was to capture Mohamed Farrah ...

in the city of

, Somalia, deploying Task Force Ranger. Two U.S. Army UH-60 Blackhawks are shot down and the operation leaves over 1,000 Somalians dead and over 74 Americans wounded in action, 18 killed and 1 captured. * October 4 – The

Russian constitutional crisis The 1993 Russian constitutional crisis, also known as the 1993 October Coup, Black October, the Shooting of the White House or Ukaz 1400, was a political stand-off and a constitutional crisis between the Russian president Boris Yeltsin and t ...

culminates with Russian military and security forces, using tanks and clearing the

White House of Russia The White House ( rus, Белый дом, r=Bely dom, p=ˈbʲɛlɨj ˈdom; officially The House of the Government of the Russian Federation, rus, Дом Правительства Российской Федерации, r=Dom pravitelstva Ross ...

Parliament building by force, quashing a mass uprising against President

. * October 5 – China performs a nuclear test, ending a worldwide ''de facto'' moratorium. * October 10 – The South Korean ferry '' Seohae'' capsizes off

Pusan Busan (), officially known as is South Korea's most populous city after Seoul, with a population of over 3.4 million inhabitants. Formerly romanized as Pusan, it is the economic, cultural and educational center of southeastern South Korea, w ...

, South Korea; 292 are killed. * October 11– 28 – The

UNMIH The United Nations Mission in Haiti (UNMIH) was a peacekeeping operation carried out by the United Nations between September 1993 and June 1996. The Mission was reestablished (''MINUSTAH'') in April 2004, after a rebellion took over most of Haiti ...

is prevented from entering

Haiti Haiti (; ht, Ayiti ; French: ), officially the Republic of Haiti (); ) and formerly known as Hayti, is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea, east of Cuba and Jamaica, and ...

by its military-led regime. On

October 18 Events Pre-1600 * 33 – Heartbroken by the deaths of her sons Nero and Drusus, and banished to the island of Pandateria by Tiberius, Agrippina the Elder dies of self-inflicted starvation. * 320 – Pappus of Alexandria, Greek philos ...

economic sanctions (abolished in August) are reinstated. U.S. President Bill Clinton sends 6 American warships to enforce them. * October 13 **

1993 Greek legislative election Parliamentary elections were held in Greece on 10 October 1993.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p830 PASOK of Andreas Papandreou, was elected with 170 of the 300 seats, defeating the conservative New ...

: Andreas Papandreou begins his second term as

Prime Minister of Greece The prime minister of the Hellenic Republic ( el, Πρωθυπουργός της Ελληνικής Δημοκρατίας, Prothypourgós tis Ellinikís Dimokratías), colloquially referred to as the prime minister of Greece ( el, Πρωθυ� ...

. ** The fifth summit of the

Francophonie Francophonie is the quality of speaking French. The term designates the ensemble of people, organisations and governments that share the use of French on a daily basis and as administrative language, teaching language or chosen language. The ...

opens in

Mauritius Mauritius ( ; french: Maurice, link=no ; mfe, label=Mauritian Creole, Moris ), officially the Republic of Mauritius, is an island nation in the Indian Ocean about off the southeast coast of the African continent, east of Madagascar. It incl ...

. ** The

1993 Finisterre earthquakes The 1993 Finisterre Range earthquakes occurred in October 1993, beneath the Finisterre Range, north of Markham Valley in Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea. The earthquake sequence began on October 13 with a 6.9 mainshock, followed by 6.5 and 6 ...

in Papua New Guinea kill at least 60 due to landslides. * October 19 –

Benazir Bhutto Benazir Bhutto ( ur, بینظیر بُھٹو; sd, بينظير ڀُٽو; Urdu ; 21 June 1953 – 27 December 2007) was a Pakistani politician who served as the 11th and 13th prime minister of Pakistan from 1988 to 1990 and again from 1993 t ...

becomes the Prime Minister of Pakistan for the second time. * October 21 – A coup in

Burundi Burundi (, ), officially the Republic of Burundi ( rn, Repuburika y’Uburundi ; Swahili language, Swahili: ''Jamuhuri ya Burundi''; French language, French: ''République du Burundi'' ), is a landlocked country in the Great Rift Valley at the ...

results in the death of president Melchior Ndadaye and sparks the

Burundi Civil War The Burundian Civil War was a civil war in Burundi lasting from 1993 to 2005. The civil war was the result of longstanding ethnic divisions between the Hutu and the Tutsi ethnic groups. The conflict began following the first multi-party electio ...

. *

October 25 Events Pre-1600 * 285 (or 286) – Execution of Saints Crispin and Crispinian during the reign of Diocletian, now the patron saints of leather workers, curriers, and shoemakers. * 473 – Emperor Leo I acclaims his grandson Leo II a ...

–

1993 Canadian federal election The 1993 Canadian federal election was held on October 25, 1993, to elect members to the House of Commons of the 35th Parliament of Canada. Considered to be a major political realignment, it was one of the most eventful elections in Canada's hist ...

Jean Chrétien Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (; born January 11, 1934) is a Canadian lawyer and politician who served as the 20th prime minister of Canada from 1993 to 2003. Born and raised in Shawinigan Falls, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Uni ...

and his Liberal Party defeat the governing Progressive Conservative Party, which falls to a historic low of two seats.

November

November 1 Events Pre-1600 * 365 – The Alemanni cross the Rhine and invade Gaul. Emperor Valentinian I moves to Paris to command the army and defend the Gallic cities. * 996 – Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk, Bishop of Freising, ...

– The

Maastricht Treaty The Treaty on European Union, commonly known as the Maastricht Treaty, is the foundation treaty of the European Union (EU). Concluded in 1992 between the then-twelve member states of the European Communities, it announced "a new stage in the ...

takes effect, formally establishing the

European Union The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. The union has a total area of and an estimated total population of about 447million. The EU has often been des ...

. *

November 4 Events Pre-1600 *1429 – Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War: Joan of Arc liberates Saint-Pierre-le-Moûtier. * 1493 – Christopher Columbus reaches Leeward Island and Puerto Rico. * 1501 – Catherine of Aragon (later Henry VIII's ...

–

becomes the 20th

. *

November 5 Events Pre-1600 * 1138 – Lý Anh Tông is enthroned as emperor of Vietnam at the age of two, beginning a 37-year reign. * 1499 – The '' Catholicon'', written in 1464 by Jehan Lagadeuc in Tréguier, is published; this is the first Br ...

– The

Parliament of the United Kingdom The Parliament of the United Kingdom is the supreme legislative body of the United Kingdom, the Crown Dependencies and the British Overseas Territories. It meets at the Palace of Westminster, London. It alone possesses legislative suprema ...

passes the Railways Act 1993, setting out the procedures for

privatisation of British Rail The privatisation of British Rail was the process by which ownership and operation of the railways of Great Britain passed from government control into private hands. Begun in 1994, it had been completed by 1997. The deregulation of the industr ...

. *

November 9 Events Pre-1600 * 694 – At the Seventeenth Council of Toledo, Egica, a king of the Visigoths of Hispania, accuses Jews of aiding Muslims, sentencing all Jews to slavery. * 1277 – The Treaty of Aberconwy, a humiliating settlement f ...

–

Bosnian Croat The Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina (), often referred to as Bosnian Croats () or Herzegovinian Croats () are the third most populous ethnic groups in Bosnia and Herzegovina, ethnic group in the country after Bosniaks and Serbs of Bosnia and H ...

forces destroy the '' Stari Most'', or Old Bridge of

Mostar Mostar (, ; sr-Cyrl, Мостар, ) is a city and the administrative center of Herzegovina-Neretva Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the historical capital of Herzegovina. Mostar is sit ...

Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sh, / , ), abbreviated BiH () or B&H, sometimes called Bosnia–Herzegovina and often known informally as Bosnia, is a country at the crossroads of south and southeast Europe, located in the Balkans. Bosnia and H ...

, by tank fire. *

November 12 Events Pre-1600 * 954 – The 13-year-old Lothair III is crowned at the Abbey of Saint-Remi as king of the West Frankish Kingdom. *1028 – Future Byzantine empress Zoe takes the throne as empress consort to Romanos III Argyros. * 13 ...

– London Convention: Marine dumping of

radioactive waste Radioactive waste is a type of hazardous waste that contains radioactive material. Radioactive waste is a result of many activities, including nuclear medicine, nuclear research, nuclear power generation, rare-earth mining, and nuclear weapons r ...

is outlawed. *

November 14 Events Pre-1600 1601–1900 *1680 – German astronomer Gottfried Kirch discovers the Great Comet of 1680, the first comet to be discovered by telescope. * 1770 – James Bruce discovers what he believes to be the source of the Nile. * ...

– In a status referendum, residents of

Puerto Rico Puerto Rico (; abbreviated PR; tnq, Boriken, ''Borinquen''), officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico ( es, link=yes, Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico, lit=Free Associated State of Puerto Rico), is a Caribbean island and Unincorporated ...

vote by a slim margin to maintain

Commonwealth A commonwealth is a traditional English term for a political community founded for the common good. Historically, it has been synonymous with "republic". The noun "commonwealth", meaning "public welfare, general good or advantage", dates from the ...

status. *

November 17 Events Pre-1600 * 887 – Emperor Charles the Fat is deposed by the Frankish magnates in an assembly at Frankfurt, leading his nephew, Arnulf of Carinthia, to declare himself king of the East Frankish Kingdom in late November. *1183 &n ...

– 22 – The

North American Free Trade Agreement The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA ; es, Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte, TLCAN; french: Accord de libre-échange nord-américain, ALÉNA) was an agreement signed by Canada, Mexico, and the United States that crea ...

(NAFTA) passes the legislative houses in the United States, Canada and Mexico. * November 17 ** In Nigeria, General

Sani Abacha Sani Abacha (20 September 1943 – 8 June 1998) was a Nigerian military officer and politician who ruled as the military head of state of Nigeria from 1993 until his death in 1998. He seized power on 17 November 1993 in the last successful c ...

ousts the government of

Ernest Shonekan Chief Ernest Adegunle Oladeinde Shonekan (9 May 1936 – 11 January 2022) was a Nigerian lawyer and statesman who served as the interim Head of State of Nigeria from 26 August 1993 to 17 November 1993. He was titled Abese of Egbaland from ...

in a military coup. ** The first meeting of the

Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC ) is an inter-governmental forum for 21 member economy, economies in the Pacific Rim that promotes free trade throughout the Asia-Pacific region.

summit opens in

Seattle Seattle ( ) is a seaport city on the West Coast of the United States. It is the seat of King County, Washington. With a 2020 population of 737,015, it is the largest city in both the state of Washington and the Pacific Northwest regio ...

. *

November 20 Events Pre-1600 * 284 – Diocletian is chosen as Roman emperor. * 762 – During the An Shi Rebellion, the Tang dynasty, with the help of Huihe tribe, recaptures Luoyang from the rebels. *1194 – Palermo is conquered by Henry ...

– An Avioimpex

Yakovlev Yak-42D The Yakovlev Yak-42 (russian: Яковлев Як-42; NATO reporting name: "Clobber") is a 100/120-seat three-engined mid-range passenger jet developed in the mid 1970s to replace the technically obsolete Tupolev Tu-134. It was the first airlin ...

crashes into Mount Trojani near Ohrid, Macedonia. All 8 crew members and 115 of the 116 passengers are killed. * November 28 – ''

The Observer ''The Observer'' is a British newspaper published on Sundays. It is a sister paper to ''The Guardian'' and ''The Guardian Weekly'', whose parent company Guardian Media Group Limited acquired it in 1993. First published in 1791, it is the w ...

'' reveals that a channel of communications has existed between the

Provisional Irish Republican Army The Irish Republican Army (IRA; ), also known as the Provisional Irish Republican Army, and informally as the Provos, was an Irish republican paramilitary organisation that sought to end British rule in Northern Ireland, facilitate Irish reun ...

and the British government, despite the government's persistent denials. *

November 30 Events Pre-1600 * 978 – Franco-German war of 978–980: Holy Roman Emperor Otto II lifts the siege of Paris and withdraws. 1601–1900 * 1707 – Queen Anne's War: The second Siege of Pensacola comes to end with the failure of the Br ...

** An agreement establishing the Permanent Tripartite Commission for East African Co-operation is signed. ** U.S. President

signs the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act.

December

December 2 Events Pre-1600 * 1244 – Pope Innocent IV arrives at Lyon for the First Council of Lyon. *1409 – The University of Leipzig opens. 1601–1900 *1697 – St Paul's Cathedral, rebuilt to the design of Sir Christopher Wren followin ...

** '' STS-61'':

launches the Space Shuttle '' Endeavour'' on a mission to repair an optical flaw in the

Hubble Space Telescope The Hubble Space Telescope (often referred to as HST or Hubble) is a space telescope that was launched into low Earth orbit in 1990 and remains in operation. It was not the first space telescope, but it is one of the largest and most versa ...

. **

Colombia Colombia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country in South America with insular regions in North America—near Nicaragua's Caribbean coast—as well as in the Pacific Ocean. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Car ...

n drug lord

is gunned down by police. * December 5 **

Omar Bongo El Hadj Omar Bongo Ondimba (born Albert-Bernard Bongo; 30 December 1935 – 8 June 2009) was a Gabonese politician who was the second President of Gabon for 42 years, from 1967 until his death in 2009. Omar Bongo was promoted to key positions as ...

is re-elected as

President of Gabon The president of Gabon is the head of state of Gabon. A total of three people have served as president (not counting two acting presidents) since the post was formed in 1960. Description of the office Election The president of the republic is ...

in the country's first multiparty elections. **

Rafael Caldera Rodríguez Rafael Antonio Caldera Rodríguez ( (); 24 January 1916 – 24 December 2009), twice elected the president of Venezuela, served for two five-year terms (1969–1974 and 1994–1999), becoming the longest serving democratically elected lead ...

is elected President of Venezuela for the second time, succeeding interim president Ramón José Velásquez. * December 7 ** In

Garden City, New York Garden City is a village located on Long Island in Nassau County New York. It is the Greater Garden City area's anchor community. The population was 23,272 at the 2020 census. The Incorporated Village of Garden City is primarily located within ...

, six people are murdered and 19 injured in the

Long Island Rail Road massacre The 1993 Long Island Rail Road shooting occurred on December 7, 1993, aboard a Long Island Rail Road (LIRR) train in Garden City Park, New York. As the train arrived at Merillon Avenue station, passenger Colin Ferguson began firing at other pass ...

, a racially motivated mass shooting perpetrated by Colin Ferguson, a black Jamaican immigrant. ** The 32-member Transitional Executive Committee holds its first meeting in

Cape Town Cape Town ( af, Kaapstad; , xh, iKapa) is one of South Africa's three capital cities, serving as the seat of the Parliament of South Africa. It is the legislative capital of the country, the oldest city in the country, and the second largest ...

, marking the first meeting of an official government body in South Africa with Black members. **

President of Ivory Coast This article lists the heads of state of Ivory Coast, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, since the country gained independence from France in 1960. Alassane Ouattara has been serving as President of Ivory Coast since 4 December 2010. L ...

Félix Houphouët-Boigny dies at 88, the oldest African head of state. He is succeeded four days later by

Henri Konan Bédié Aimé Henri Konan Bédié (born 5 May 1934) is an Ivorian politician. He was President of Ivory Coast from 1993 to 1999. He is currently the President of the Democratic Party of Ivory Coast - African Democratic Rally (PDCI-RDA).

. * December 8 – U.S. President

signs into law the

. * December 11 ** One of the three blocks of the Highland Towers near

Kuala Lumpur , anthem = '' Maju dan Sejahtera'' , image_map = , map_caption = , pushpin_map = Malaysia#Southeast Asia#Asia , pushpin_map_caption = , coordinates = , su ...

Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy consists of States and federal territories of Malaysia, thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two r ...

Highland Towers collapse, collapses, killing 48. ** 1993 Chilean presidential election: Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle is elected with 58% of the vote. * December 13 ** Former

resigns as leader of the Progressive Conservative Party and is succeeded as leader by Jean Charest. ** The Majilis of Kazakhstan approves the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and agrees to dismantle the more than 100 missiles left on its territory by the fall of the USSR. * December 15 – The Uruguay Round of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) talks reach a successful conclusion after seven years. * December 17 – Brazil's Supreme Federal Court, Supreme Court rules that former President Fernando Collor de Mello may not hold elected office again until 2000 due to political corruption. * December 20 ** The United Nations General Assembly votes to appoint a U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights. ** The first corrected images from the

are taken. * December 21 – The Hungarian Parliament elects Péter Boross Prime Minister of Hungary following the death of József Antall on December 12. * December 30 ** The Indian National Congress, Congress Party gains a parliamentary majority in India after the defection of 10 Janata Dal party lawmakers. ** Representatives of

and the Holy See sign the Fundamental Agreement Between the Holy See and the State of Israel, preparing for the establishment of Holy See–Israel relations, diplomatic relations. **

passes a measure allowing President Carlos Menem and all future presidents to run for a second consecutive term. It also shortens presidential terms to 4 years and removes the requirement for the president to be Roman Catholic.

Date unknown

* 1992–1993 Jack in the Box E. coli outbreak, 1993 Jack in the Box ''E. coli'' outbreak occurs in the United States when 732 people, mostly children, are infected with the ''Escherichia coli'' O157:H7 bacterium originating from undercooked beef patties in hamburgers; four die. * Severe floods hit South Asia, killing over 4,000 people in Bangladesh, India and Nepal. * Wildfires in California destroy over and 700 homes.

Births

January

– Larry Nance Jr., American basketball player * January 2 – Bryson Tiller, American rapper, singer and songwriter * January 4 – Scott Redding, English Grand Prix motorcycle racer *

– Jesús Manuel Corona, Mexican footballer *

– Jan Oblak, Slovenian footballer * January 9 ** Ashley Argota, American actress and singer ** Katarina Johnson-Thompson, English heptathlete ** Aminata Savadogo, Latvian singer-songwriter * January 12 ** D.O. (entertainer), D.O., South Korean singer and actor ** Zayn Malik, British singer *

** Max Whitlock, English artistic gymnast ** Tyler Barnhardt, american actor *

– Mariya Lasitskene, Russian track and field athlete * January 15 – Paulina Vega, Colombian model and television presenter * January 22 – Netta Barzilai, Israeli singer *

– Iris Mittenaere, French beauty queen and model * January 28 ** John Brooks (soccer, born 1993), John Brooks, German-born American soccer player ** Will Poulter, English actor * January 29 – Kyary Pamyu Pamyu, Japanese model, blogger, and recording artist

February

Emmelie de Forest, ESC2013 press conference 12 (crop)

* February 6 – Tinashe, American actress and singer * February 7 – Diego Laxalt, Uruguayan footballer * February 1 – Karl Geiger, German ski-jumper * February 17 ** Elhaida Dani, Albanian singer-songwriter ** Marc Márquez, Spanish four time MotoGP world champion * February 19 – Victoria Justice, American actress and singer * February 28 – Emmelie de Forest, Danish singer and songwriter

March

* March 1 – Juan Bernat, Spanish footballer * March 2 ** Pandelela Rinong, Malaysian diver ** Mariya Yaremchuk, Ukrainian pop singer * March 3 – Antonio Rüdiger, German footballer * March 4 – Bobbi Kristina Brown, American media personality and singer (d. 2015) *

** Fred (footballer, born 1993), Fred, Brazilian footballer ** Harry Maguire, English footballer * March 9 – Suga (rapper), Suga, South Korean rapper and songwriter * March 10 – Peniel Shin, Peniel, South Korean based rapper * March 11 ** Jodie Comer, English actress ** Anthony Davis (basketball), Anthony Davis, American basketball player * March 14 – Anna Ewers, German model * March 15 ** Alia Bhatt, British actress and singer in Bollywood ** Paul Pogba, French footballer ** Mark Scheifele, Canadian ice hockey player * March 18 – Mana Iwabuchi, Japanese footballer * March 19 – Hakim Ziyech, Moroccan footballer * March 20 – Sloane Stephens, American tennis player * March 23 – Lee Hyun-woo (actor, born 1993), Lee Hyun-woo, South Korean actor and singer * March 24 – Mackenzie Dern, American mixed martial artist and Brazilian Jiu Jitsu practitioner * March 29 – Thorgan Hazard, Belgian footballer * March 30 ** Anitta (singer), Anitta, Brazilian singer and dancer ** Ji Soo, South Korean actor

April

* April 2 ** Shin Jae-ha, South Korean actor ** Keshorn Walcott, Trinidadian javelin thrower * April 10 – Sofia Carson, American actress and singer * April 12 – Ryan Nugent-Hopkins, Canadian ice hockey player * April 16 ** Chance the Rapper, American rapper ** Mirai Nagasu, Japanese-American figure skater * April 24 – Ben Davies (footballer, born 1993), Ben Davies, Welsh footballer * April 25 – Raphaël Varane, French footballer * April 28 – Eva Samková, Czech snowboarder * April 30 – Arnór Ingvi Traustason, Icelandic footballer

May

* May 6 – Naomi Scott, English actress, singer and musician * May 8 – Kayla Williams (gymnast), Kayla Williams, American gymnast *

– Ryosuke Yamada, Japanese idol * May 10 ** Tímea Babos, Hungarian tennis player ** Halston Sage, American actress * May 13 ** Romelu Lukaku, Belgian football player ** Stefan Kraft, Austrian ski jumper ** Debby Ryan, American actress and singer ** Tones and I, Australian singer-songwriter * May 14 ** Miranda Cosgrove, American actress and singer ** Kristina Mladenovic, French tennis player *

** IU (singer), IU, South Korean singer-songwriter and actress ** Atticus Mitchell, Canadian actor and musician * May 18 – Jessica Watson, Australian sailor * May 28 – Jonnie Peacock, English Paralympic athlete * May 29 – Richard Carapaz, Ecuadorian cyclist

June

* June 3 – Sabrina Gonzalez Pasterski, American theoretical physicist *

** Frida Gustavsson, Swedish model ** Ashley Spencer (athlete), Ashley Spencer, American track and field athlete * June 7 ** Swae Lee, American singer, rapper and songwriter ** George Ezra, English singer-songwriter ** Park Ji-yeon, South Korean singer and actress * June 10 – Scott McLaughlin (racing driver), Scott McLaughlin, New Zealand racing driver * June 12 – Robbie Henshaw, Irish rugby union player * June 13 – Thomas Partey, Ghanaian footballer * June 14 – Gunna (rapper), Gunna, American rapper * June 15 – Carolina Marín, Spanish badminton player * June 16 ** Park Bo-gum, South Korean actor ** Alex Len, Ukrainian basketball player * June 17 – Jean Marie Froget, Mauritian swimmer * June 20 – Sead Kolašinac, German-Bosinian footballer * June 21 ** Caroline Brasch Nielsen, Danish model ** Matej Palčič, Slovenian footballer * June 22 – Loris Karius, German footballer * June 25 – Barney Clark (actor), Barney Clark, British actor * June 26 – Ariana Grande, American singer, songwriter, and actress * June 27 – Gabriela Gunčíková, Czech singer * June 28 ** Bradley Beal, American basketball player ** Beanie Feldstein, American actress ** Jung Dae-hyun, South Korean singer * June 29 – Alyssa Valdez, Filipino volleyball player * June 30 – Alexander Evtushenko, Russian racing cyclist

July

* July 1 – Raini Rodriguez, American actress and singer * July 2 ** Yassine Meriah, Tunisian footballer ** Ieva Zasimauskaitė, Lithuanian singer ** Saweetie, American rapper * July 3 ** Mathias Anderle, American singer-songwriter and actor ** Vincent Lacoste, French actor * July 4 – Mate Pavić, Croatian tennis player * July 6 – Jana Burčeska, Macedonian singer * July 7 ** Ally Brooke, American singer ** Shakhram Giyasov, Uzbekistani boxer * July 8 – Ergys Kaçe, Albanian footballer * July 9 – DeAndre Yedlin, American soccer player * July 10 – Florian Sénéchal, French racing cyclist * July 11 – Rebecca Bross, American gymnast * July 14 – Sayaka Yamamoto, Japanese singer * July 16 ** Alexander Ipatov, Ukrainian-Turkish chess grandmaster ** Ganna Rizatdinova, Ukrainian rhythmic gymnast * July 18 ** Alex Esmail, British actor and wrestler ** Taemin, South Korean singer-songwriter, actor, and dancer. * July 20 ** Alycia Debnam-Carey, Australian actress ** Lucas Digne, French footballer ** Debrah Scarlett, Norwegian-Swiss singer * July 21 – Haziq Kamaruddin, Malaysian archer *

** Elizabeth Gillies, American actress ** Taylor Momsen, American singer, songwriter, and model ** Stormzy, English rapper * July 27 ** Omer Atzili, Israeli footballer ** Jordan Spieth, American golfer * July 28 ** Harry Kane, English footballer ** Cher Lloyd, English singer * July 30 – Andre Gomes, Portuguese footballer

August

* August 1 – Leon Thomas III, American actor and singer * August 10 – Andre Drummond, American basketball player * August 11 ** Gita Gutawa, Indonesian soprano, actress, and songwriter ** Alireza Jahanbakhsh, Iranian footballer ** Alyson Stoner, American actress, singer and dancer * August 12 ** Ewa Farna, Polish singer ** Luna (South Korean singer), Luna, South Korean singer, musical actress, and television presenter *

** Artur Gachinski, Russian figure skater ** Johnny Gaudreau, American ice hockey player * August 15 ** Clinton N'Jie, Cameroonian footballer ** Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain, English footballer * August 16 – Cameron Monaghan, American actor * August 17 ** Ederson Moraes, Brazilian football goalkeeper ** Sarah Sjöström, Swedish swimmer ** Yoo Seung-ho, South Korean actor * August 18 ** Jung Eun-ji, South Korean singer, songwriter, actress, and voice actress ** Maia Mitchell, Australian actress and singer * August 20 – Laura Glauser, French handballer * August 24 – Marina Rajčić, Montenegrin handballer * August 26 – Keke Palmer, American actress and singer *

** Sora Amamiya, Japanese voice actress ** Shira Naor, Israeli actress * August 29 ** Lucas Cruikshank, American comedian, actor, & YouTuber ** Liam Payne, British singer-songwriter * August 30 – Paco Alcácer, Spanish footballer * August 31 **Haruka Imai, Japanese figure skater **Pablo Marí, Spanish footballer

September

* September 1 ** Ilona Mitrecey, French singer ** Silje Norendal, Norwegian snowboarder * September 3 – Dominic Thiem, Austrian tennis player * September 4 – Yannick Carrasco, Belgian footballer * September 10 – Ruggero Pasquarelli, Italian singer and actor * September 12 – Kelsea Ballerini, American singer * September 13 – Niall Horan, Irish singer-songwriter *

** Dennis Schröder, German basketball player ** JP Tokoto, American basketball player * September 16 – Bryson DeChambeau, American golfer *

– Sofiane Boufal, French-Moroccan footballer * September 20 – Julian Draxler, German footballer * September 21 – Ante Rebić, Croatian footballer *

– Pontus Åberg, Swedish ice hockey player *

** Sonya Deville, American professional wrestler ** Ben Platt, American actor and singer * September 25 ** Rosalía (singer), Rosalía, Spanish singer, songwriter and record producer ** Abdel Nader, Egyptian-American basketball player * September 26 – Michael Kidd-Gilchrist, American basketball player * September 27 ** Patrick Mölleken, German actor, dubber, and voice-over artist ** Monica Puig, Puerto Rican tennis player * September 28 – Jodie Williams, British sprint runner * September 29 ** Lee Hong-bin, Hongbin, South Korean singer and actor ** Milad Mohammadi, Iranian footballer ** Carlos Salcedo, Mexican footballer

October

* October 1 – Christian Bravo, Chilean footballer * October 2 ** Michy Batshuayi, Belgian footballer ** Lasha Talakhadze, Georgian weightlifter * October 6 – Adam Gemili, British sprinter * October 8 ** Garbiñe Muguruza, Spanish professional tennis player ** Barbara Palvin, Hungarian model ** Molly Quinn, American actress * October 9 ** Lauren Davis, American tennis player ** Scotty McCreery, American singer * October 16 ** Wílmar Barrios, Colombian footballer ** Caroline Garcia, French tennis player * October 19 – Youna Dufournet, French artistic gymnast * October 23 – Fabinho (footballer, born 1993), Fabinho, Brazilian footballer * October 29 – India Eisley, American actress * October 31 ** Letitia Wright, Guyanese-British actress **Zarah Sultana, British politician, Member of Parliament for Coventry South

November

2017 FRIENDLY MATCH RUSSIA v ARGENTINA - Paulo Dybala 01

– Elisabeth Seitz, German artistic gymnast * November 13 – Julia Michaels, American singer and songwriter *

** Luis Gil (soccer), Luis Gil, American soccer player ** Samuel Umtiti, Cameroonian-French footballer * November 15 ** Paulo Dybala, Argentine footballer ** Melitina Staniouta, Belarusian individual rhythmic gymnast * November 16 ** Pete Davidson, American comedian and actor ** Dakota Earnest, American gymnast *

– Taylor Gold, American Olympic snowboarder * November 19 – Suso (footballer), Suso, Spanish footballer * November 21 – Elena Myers, American motorcycle racer * November 22 – Adèle Exarchopoulos, French actress * November 25 – Danny Kent, English motorcycle racer * November 28 ** David Nofoaluma, Australian-Samoan rugby league player ** Stephanie Park, Canadian paralympic wheelchair basketball player * November 29 – David Lambert (actor), David Lambert, American actor *

** Yuri Chinen, Japanese idol ** Mia Goth, English actress and model

December

* December 5 – Ross Barkley, English footballer * December 8 – AnnaSophia Robb, American actress, singer and model * December 11 – Yalitza Aparicio, Mexican actress and preschool teacher * December 16 – Thiago Braz da Silva, Brazilian pole vaulter * December 17 – Kiersey Clemons, American actress and singer * December 18 ** Ana Porgras, Romanian artistic gymnast ** Riria, Japanese actress * December 20 ** Andrea Belotti, Italian footballer ** Yana Egorian, Russian sabre fencer * December 22 ** Raphaël Guerreiro, Portuguese footballer ** Meghan Trainor, American singer-songwriter, musician, and producer

Deaths

January

** Juan Benet, Spanish writer (b. 1927) ** Yuri Bezmenov, Soviet KGB informant (b. 1939) *

** Archduchess Elisabeth of Austria (1922–1993), Archduchess Elisabeth of Austria (b. 1922) ** Dizzy Gillespie, American jazz musician (b. 1917) ** Richard Mortensen, Danish painter (b. 1910) ** Rudolf Nureyev, Russian dancer (b. 1938) * January 9 – Paul Hasluck, Australian politician, 17th Governor-General of Australia (b. 1905) *

– René Pleven, French politician, 88th Prime Minister of France (b. 1901) * January 15 – Sammy Cahn, American lyricist (b. 1913) * January 16 ** Glenn Corbett, American actor (b. 1930) ** Jón Páll Sigmarsson, Icelandic strongman (b. 1960) * January 18 – Eleanor Hibbert, Eleanor Burford, English writer (b. 1906) *

– Audrey Hepburn, Belgian-born British actress (b. 1929) * January 21 ** Charlie Gehringer, American baseball player (b. 1903) ** Leo Löwenthal, German sociologist (b. 1900) * January 22 ** Kōbō Abe, Japanese author (b. 1924) ** Jim Pollard, American professional basketball player and coach (b. 1922) * January 23 ** Thomas A. Dorsey, American musician and Christian evangelist, "Father of Gospel Music" (b. 1899) ** Keith Laumer, American science fiction author (b. 1925) *

** Gustav Ernesaks, Estonian composer and a choir conductor (b. 1908) ** Thurgood Marshall, American jurist, first African-American on the Supreme Court (b. 1908) **

Uğur Mumcu Uğur Mumcu (; 22 August 1942 – 24 January 1993)
um:ag was a Turkish people, Turkish investigative journalist for the daily ''Cum ...

, Turkish journalist and writer (b. 1942) *

– Hedi Amara Nouira, Tunisian politician, 11th Prime Minister of Tunisia (b. 1911) *

** Baron Axel Freiherr von dem Bussche-Streithorst, Axel von dem Bussche, German military officer, member of the anti-Hitler Resistance (b. 1919) ** Jan Gies, Dutch resistance fighter (b. 1905) ** Robert Jacobsen Danish artist (b. 1912) ** Jeanne Sauvé, Canadian politician, 23rd Governor General of Canada (b. 1922) * January 27 – André the Giant, French professional wrestler (b. 1946) * January 30 – Alexandra of Yugoslavia, Queen Alexandra of Yugoslavia (b. 1921)

February

* February 2 – Alexander Schneider, Lithuanian violinist (b. 1908) * February 3 – Karel Goeyvaerts, Belgian composer (b. 1923) * February 5 ** Hans Jonas, German philosopher (b. 1903) ** Joseph L. Mankiewicz, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1909) * February 6 – Arthur Ashe, American tennis player (b. 1943) * February 9 – Saburo Okita, Japanese politician, Foreign Minister of Japan (b. 1914) *

** Maurice Bourgès-Maunoury, Prime Minister of France (b. 1914) ** Fred Hollows, New Zealand-Australian ophthalmologist (b. 1929) * February 11 – Robert W. Holley, American biochemist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1922) * February 18 – Kerry Von Erich, American professional wrestler (b. 1960) * February 20 – Ferruccio Lamborghini, Italian automobile manufacturer (b. 1916) * February 21 – Inge Lehmann, Danish seismologist and geophysicist (b. 1888) *

– Jean Lecanuet, French politician (b. 1920) * February 23 ** Phillip Terry, American actor (b. 1909) ** Robert Triffin, Belgian economist (b. 1911) * February 24 – Bobby Moore, English footballer (b. 1941) * February 25 – Eddie Constantine, American-born French actor and singer (b. 1917) * February 27 – Lillian Gish, American actress (b. 1893) * February 28 ** Ishirō Honda, Japanese film director (b. 1911) ** Ruby Keeler, American actress (b. 1909)

March

* March 3 ** Albert Sabin, American biologist, developer of the oral polio vaccine (b. 1906) ** Carlos Montoya, Spanish flamenco guitarist and a founder of the modern-day popular flamenco style of music (b. 1903) *

– Cyril Collard, French filmmaker (b. 1957) * March 8 – Billy Eckstine, American musician (b. 1914) * March 10 – Dino Bravo, Italian-Canadian professional wrestler (b. 1949) *

– Wang Zhen (general), Wang Zhen, Chinese politician, Vice President of the PRC (b. 1908) * March 15 – Ricardo Arias (politician), Ricardo Arias, Panamanian politician, 29th President of Panama (b. 1912) * March 16 – Muhammad Khan Junejo, Pakistani politician, 10th Prime Minister of Pakistan (b. 1932) * March 17 – Helen Hayes, American actress (b. 1900) * March 20 ** Polykarp Kusch, German-born American physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1911) ** Paul László, Hungarian-born architect (b. 1900) * March 24 – John Hersey, American writer and journalist (b. 1914) * March 27 ** Kate Reid, Canadian actress (b. 1930) ** Kamal Hassan Aly, Egyptian politician, 43rd Prime Minister of Egypt (b. 1921) * March 30 ** Andrée Brunet, French pair skater (b. 1901) ** Richard Diebenkorn, American painter (b. 1922) * March 31 ** Brandon Lee, American actor (b. 1965) ** Mitchell Parish, American lyricist (b. 1900) ** Nicanor Zabaleta, Spanish harpist (b. 1907)

April

* April 1 ** Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona, Juan de Borbón y Battenberg, Spanish royal, Count of Barcelona (b. 1913) ** Alan Kulwicki, U.S. race car driver (b. 1954) ** José María Lemus, Salvadorian politician and military officer, 33rd President of El Salvador (b. 1911) * April 5 – Divya Bharti, Indian film actress (b. 1974) *

– Marian Anderson, American contralto (b. 1897) * April 10 ** Chris Hani, South African politician (b. 1942) ** Donald Broadbent, British psychologist (b. 1926) * April 11 – Rahmon Nabiyev, Tajik politician and Communist leader, 2nd President of Tajikistan (b. 1930) * April 13 – Wallace Stegner, American writer (b. 1909) * April 15 ** Leslie Charteris, British author (b. 1907) ** John Tuzo Wilson, Canadian geophysicist and geologist (b. 1908) * April 17 – Turgut Özal, Turkish statesman, 19th Prime Minister of Turkey, Prime Minister and 8th

(b. 1927) *

–

, American spiritualist, leader of the Branch Davidian religious cult (b. 1959) * April 20 – Cantinflas, Mexican comedian (b. 1911) *

– Cesar Chavez, Mexican American civil rights activist (b. 1927) * April 24 – Oliver Tambo, South African activist and former president of the African National Congress, ANC (b. 1917) * April 29 ** Michael Gordon (film director), American actor and director (b. 1906) ** Mick Ronson, English rock guitarist (b. 1946)

May

* May 1 ** Pierre Bérégovoy, French politician, 111th Prime Minister of France (b. 1925) **

, Sri Lankan statesman, 3rd President of Sri Lanka (b. 1924) * May 5 – Irving Howe, American writer (b. 1920) * May 6 – Ann Todd, English actress (b. 1909) * May 7 – Mary Philbin, American actress (b. 1902) * May 8 ** Avram Davidson, American writer (b. 1923) ** Alwin Nikolais, American choreographer (b. 1912) *

– Freya Stark, Dame Freya Stark, British explorer and travel writer (b. 1893) * May 12 – Zeno Colò, Italian Olympic alpine skier (b. 1920) *

– Madan Bhandari, Nepalese politician (b. 1951) * May 21 – John Frost (British Army officer), John Frost, English army officer (b. 1912) * May 22 – Mieczysław Horszowski, Polish pianist (b. 1892) *

– Juan Jesús Posadas Ocampo Mexican Cardinal (b. 1926) * May 25 – Horia Sima, Romanian fascist politician (b. 1907) * May 30 – Sun Ra, American jazz musician (b. 1914)

June

* June 2 ** Tahar Djaout, Algerian writer (b. 1954) ** Johnny Mize, American baseball player (b. 1913) ** Norton Simon, American industrialist and philanthropist (b. 1907) * June 3 – Yeoh Ghim Seng, Singaporean politician, acting President of Singapore (b. 1918) *

– Conway Twitty, American musician (b. 1933) *

– James Bridges, American screenwriter and director (b. 1936) * June 7 – Dražen Petrović, Croatian professional basketball player (b. 1964) *

** René Bousquet, head of the Vichy France Police (b. 1909) ** Severo Sarduy, Cuban poet (b. 1937) * June 9 ** Arthur Alexander, American musician (b. 1940) ** Alexis Smith, Canadian-born American actress and singer (b. 1921) * June 10 ** Arleen Auger, American soprano singer (b. 1939) ** Richard Webb (actor), Richard Webb, American actor (b. 1915) * June 11 ** Bernard Bresslaw, English actor (b. 1934) ** Ray Sharkey, American actor (b. 1952) * June 13 – Deke Slayton, American astronaut (b. 1924) * June 15 ** John Connally, American politician (b. 1917) ** James Hunt, British racing driver (b. 1947) * June 19 ** William Golding, English writer, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1911) ** Szymon Goldberg, Polish-born violinist (b. 1909) * June 22 – Pat Nixon, First Lady of the United States (b. 1912) * June 24 – Archie Williams, American Olympic athlete (b. 1915) * June 26 – Roy Campanella, American baseball player (b. 1921) * June 28 ** GG Allin, American punk singer (b. 1956) ** Boris Christoff, Bulgarian opera singer (b. 1914) * June 29 – Héctor Lavoe, Puerto Rican salsa singer (b. 1946) * June 30 – George McFarland, Spanky McFarland, American actor (b. 1928)

July

* July 2 – Fred Gwynne, American actor and comedian (b. 1926) * July 3 ** Don Drysdale, American baseball player (b. 1936) ** Joe DeRita, American comedian (b. 1909) * July 4 ** Anne Shirley (actress), Anne Shirley, American actress (b. 1918) ** Lola Gaos, Spanish actress (b. 1921) * July 7 – Mia Zapata, American punk musician (b. 1965) * July 8 – Abul Hasan Jashori, Bangladeshi Islamic scholar and freedom fighter (b. 1918) * July 10 – Masuji Ibuse, Japanese writer (b. 1898) * July 13 – Davey Allison, American stock car driver (b. 1961) * July 14 – Léo Ferré, French poet and singer-songwriter (b. 1916) * July 15 ** Hugo Ballivián, Bolivian general, 44th President of Bolivia (b. 1901) ** David Brian, American actor (b. 1914) * July 18 – Jean Negulesco, Romanian-born film director (b. 1900) *

– Gordon Gray (cardinal), Gordon Gray, Scottish cardinal (b. 1910) *

– Nan Grey, American actress (b. 1918) *

– Matthew Ridgway, American army general (b. 1895) * July 27 – Reggie Lewis, American basketball player (b. 1965) * July 30 – Edward Bernard Raczyński, Polish aristocrat, diplomat, writer, and politician, 8th President of Poland (b. 1891) * July 31 ** Lola Alvarez Bravo, Mexican photographer (b. 1903) ** King Baudouin of Belgium (b. 1930)

August

* August 1 – Claire Du Brey, American actress (b. 1892) * August 3 – James Donald, Scottish actor (b. 1917) *

– Eugen Suchoň, Slovak composer (b. 1908) * August 10 ** Euronymous, Norwegian guitarist (b. 1968) ** Irene Sharaff, American costume designer (b. 1910) * August 16 – Stewart Granger, Anglo-American actor (b. 1913) * August 19 – Salah Jadid, Syrian general and Ba'athist politician (b. 1926) *

– Kasdi Merbah, Algerian politician, 4th Prime Minister of Algeria (b. 1938) * August 22 – Dinmukhamed Kunaev, Kazakh Soviet communist politician (b. 1912) * August 26 − Roy Raymond, American entrepreneur (b. 1947) *

– E. P. Thompson, English historian and activist (b. 1924) * August 30 – Richard Jordan, American actor (b. 1937)

September

* September 1 – Hasan Abdullayev, Azerbaijani physicist and scientist (b. 1918) * September 4 – Hervé Villechaize, French-born actor (b. 1943) * September 5 – Baek Du-jin, Korean politician, 4th Prime Minister of the Republic of Korea (South Korea) (b. 1908) * September 7 – Christian Metz (critic), Christian Metz, French film theorist (b. 1931) * September 9 – Helen O'Connell, American singer (b. 1920) * September 11 – Erich Leinsdorf, Austrian conductor (b. 1912) * September 12 ** Raymond Burr, Canadian-American actor (b. 1917) ** Charles Lamont, Russian-born film director (b. 1895) *

** Pino Puglisi, Italian Roman Catholic priest (b. 1937) ** Maurice Yaméogo, Burkinabé statesman, 1st President of Upper Volta, current Burkina Faso (b. 1921) * September 16 – Oodgeroo Noonuccal, Australian political activist, artist, and educator (b. 1920) * September 20 – Erich Hartmann, German World War II fighter pilot, highest-scoring fighter ace in world history (b. 1922) *

** Maurice Abravanel, Greek-born American conductor (b. 1903) ** Nina Berberova, Russian writer (b. 1901) *

** Bruno Pontecorvo, Italian-Soviet nuclear physicist (b. 1913) ** Ian Stuart Donaldson, English singer (b. 1957) * September 27 – Jimmy Doolittle, American aviation pioneer (b. 1896) * September 29 – Gordon Douglas (director), Gordon Douglas, American film director (b. 1907)

October

Vincent Price in House on Haunted Hill (cropped)

* October 5 – Agnes de Mille, American dancer and choreographer (b. 1905) * October 7 – Cyril Cusack, Irish actor (b. 1910) * October 11 – Andy Stewart (musician), Andy Stewart, Scottish singer and entertainer (b. 1933) * October 12 – Leon Ames, American actor (b. 1903) * October 17 – Criss Oliva, American metal guitarist (b. 1963) * October 21 – Melchior Ndadaye, Burundian politician, 4th President of Burundi (b. 1953) * October 22 ** Jiří Hájek, Czech politician and diplomat (b. 1913) ** Said Mohamed Jaffar, former head of State of Comoros (b. 1918) *

** Danny Chan, Hong Kong singer (b. 1958) ** Vincent Price, American actor (b. 1911) * October 26 – František Filipovský, Czech actor (b. 1907) * October 28 ** Doris Duke, American heiress and philanthropist (b. 1912) ** Juri Lotman, Russian formalist critic, semiotician, and culturologist (b. 1922) * October 31 ** Federico Fellini, Italian film director (b. 1920) ** Paul Grégoire, Archbishop of Montreal (b. 1911) ** River Phoenix, American actor (b. 1970)

November

– Severo Ochoa, Spanish-born biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1905) * November 3 – Leon Theremin, inventor of the theremin (b. 1896) * November 7 – Adelaide Hall, American jazz singer, entertainer (b. 1901) *

– Stanley Myers, British film composer (b. 1930) * November 10 – Alberto Breccia, Argentine comics artist and writer (b. 1919) *

** Bill Dickey, American baseball player (b. 1907) ** H. R. Haldeman, American political aide and businessman (b. 1926) ** Anna Sten, Ukrainian-born American actress (b. 1908) *

– Sanzō Nosaka, Japanese Communist politician (b. 1892) * November 15 – Luciano Leggio, Italian mobster (b. 1925) * November 16 ** Lucia Popp, Slovak soprano (b. 1939) ** Evelyn Venable, American actress (b. 1913) * November 18 – Fritz Feld, German actor (b. 1900) * November 19 – Leonid Gaidai, Soviet comedy director (b. 1923) *

– Emile Ardolino, American film director (b. 1943) * November 21 – Bill Bixby, American actor (b. 1934) * November 22 ** Anthony Burgess, English author (b. 1917) ** Joseph Yodoyman, Chadian politician, 4th Prime Minister of Chad (b. 1950) * November 24 – Albert Collins, American blues guitarist and singer (b. 1932) * November 28 – Kenneth Connor, English comedian (b. 1916) * November 29 – J. R. D. Tata, Indian aviator and businessman (b. 1904)

December

–

, Colombian drug lord (b. 1949) * December 4 – Frank Zappa, American guitarist and composer (b. 1940) * December 5 – Alexandre Trauner, Hungarian set designer (b. 1906) * December 6 – Don Ameche, American actor (b. 1908) * December 7 ** Wolfgang Paul, German physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1913) ** Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 1st President of Ivory Coast (b. 1905) * December 9 – Danny Blanchflower, Northern Ireland international footballer and football manager (b. 1926) * December 11 – Elvira Popescu, Romanian-French actress (b. 1894) * December 12 – József Antall, 53rd Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1932) * December 14 – Myrna Loy, American actress (b. 1905) * December 15 – Penaia Ganilau, 1st President of Fiji (b. 1918) * December 16 ** Charles Willard Moore, American architect (b. 1925) ** Kakuei Tanaka, Japanese politician, 40th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1918) ** Moses Gunn, American actor (b. 1929) * December 17 – Janet Margolin, American actress (b. 1943) * December 18 – Sam Wanamaker, American film director and actor (b. 1919) * December 19 – Michael Clarke (musician), Michael Clarke, American musician (b. 1946) * December 20 – W. Edwards Deming, American engineer, professor, author, lecturer, and management consultant (b. 1900) * December 21 – Gussie Nell Davis, American educator and founder of the Kilgore College Rangerettes (b. 1906) * December 22 ** Don DeFore, American actor (b. 1913) ** Alexander Mackendrick, British-American film director (b. 1912) * December 23 – James Ellison (actor), James Ellison, American actor (b. 1910) * December 24 ** Norman Vincent Peale, American preacher and writer (b. 1898) ** Yen Chia-kan, Taiwanese politician and 2nd President of the Republic of China (b. 1905) ** Pierre Victor Auger, French physicist (b. 1899) * December 25 – Princess Marie Adelheid of Lippe-Biesterfeld (b. 1895) * December 28 ** William L. Shirer, American journalist and historian (b. 1904) ** Howard Caine, American actor (b. 1926) * December 29 – Frunzik Mkrtchyan, Armenian stage and film actor (b. 1930) * December 31 ** İhsan Sabri Çağlayangil, Turkish diplomat and politician (b. 1908) ** Zviad Gamsakhurdia, Georgian politician, 1st President of Georgia (b. 1939) ** Brandon Teena, American murder victim (b. 1972) ** Thomas Watson Jr., American businessman, political figure, and philanthropist (b. 1914)

Nobel Prizes

* Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Kary Mullis, Michael Smith (chemist), Michael Smith * Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, Economics – Robert W. Fogel, Douglass North * Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Toni Morrison * Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – Nelson Mandela and F. W. de Klerk * Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Russell Alan Hulse, Joseph Hooton Taylor, Jr. * Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Physiology or Medicine – Richard J. Roberts, Phillip Allen Sharp

References

Sources

* * * {{Authority control 1993,