The year 1985 was designated as the
International Youth Year
The year 1985 was proclaimed by the United Nations as the International Youth Year (IYY). It was held to focus attention on issues of concern to and relating to youth. The proclamation was signed on January 1, 1985, by United Nations Secretary Gen ...
by the
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmoniz ...
.
Events
January
*
January 1
January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the yea ...
** The Internet's
Domain Name System
The Domain Name System (DNS) is a hierarchical and distributed naming system for computers, services, and other resources in the Internet or other Internet Protocol (IP) networks. It associates various information with domain names assigned t ...
is created.
**
Greenland
Greenland ( kl, Kalaallit Nunaat, ; da, Grønland, ) is an island country in North America that is part of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is located between the Arctic and Atlantic oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Greenland i ...
withdraws from the
European Economic Community as a result of a new agreement on fishing rights.
*
January 7 –
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency launches ''
Sakigake
, known before launch as MS-T5, was Japan's first interplanetary spacecraft, and the first deep space probe to be launched by any country other than the USA or the Soviet Union. It aimed to demonstrate the performance of the new launch vehi ...
'', Japan's first interplanetary spacecraft and the first deep space probe to be launched by any country other than the
United States
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territori ...
or the
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
.
*
January 15 –
Tancredo Neves
Tancredo de Almeida Neves () (4 March 1910 – 21 April 1985) was a Brazilian politician, lawyer, and entrepreneur. He served as Minister of Justice and Interior Affairs from 1953 to 1954, Prime Minister from 1961 to 1962, Minister of Financ ...
is
elected Elected may refer to:
* "Elected" (song), by Alice Cooper, 1973
* ''Elected'' (EP), by Ayreon, 2008
*The Elected, an American indie rock band
See also
*Election
An election is a formal group decision-making process by which a population ...
president of
Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
by the
Congress
A congress is a formal meeting of the representatives of different countries, constituent states, organizations, trade unions, political parties, or other groups. The term originated in Late Middle English to denote an encounter (meeting of ...
, ending the
21-year military rule.
*
January 20 –
Ronald Reagan is
privately sworn in for a second term as
President of the United States
The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America. The president directs the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States ...
.
*
January 27 – The
Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) is formed, in Tehran.
*
January 28
Events Pre-1600
* 98 – On the death of Nerva, Trajan is declared Roman emperor in Cologne, the seat of his government in lower Germany.
* 814 – The death of Charlemagne, the first Holy Roman Emperor, brings about the accession ...
– The charity single record "
We Are the World
"We Are the World" is a charity single originally recorded by the supergroup USA for Africa in 1985. It was written by Michael Jackson and Lionel Richie and produced by Quincy Jones and Michael Omartian for the album '' We Are the World''. Wi ...
" is recorded by
USA for Africa
United Support of Artists for Africa (USA for Africa) was the name under which 47 predominantly U.S.
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily locat ...
.
February
*
February 4 – The
border
Borders are usually defined as geographical boundaries, imposed either by features such as oceans and terrain, or by political entities such as governments, sovereign states, federated states, and other subnational entities. Political borders c ...
between
Gibraltar
)
, anthem = " God Save the King"
, song = " Gibraltar Anthem"
, image_map = Gibraltar location in Europe.svg
, map_alt = Location of Gibraltar in Europe
, map_caption = United Kingdom shown in pale green
, mapsize =
, image_map2 = Gib ...
and
Spain
, image_flag = Bandera de España.svg
, image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg
, national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond")
, national_anthem = (English: "Royal March")
, i ...
reopens for the first time since
Francisco Franco closed it in 1969.
*
February 5 –
Australia cancels its involvement in U.S.-led
MX missile
The LGM-118 Peacekeeper, originally known as the MX for "Missile, Experimental", was a MIRV-capable intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) produced and deployed by the United States from 1985 to 2005. The missile could carry up to twelve Mark ...
tests.
*
February 9
Events Pre-1600
* 474 – Zeno is crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
* 1003 – Boleslaus III is restored to authority with armed support from Bolesław I the Brave of Poland.
*1539 – The first recorded race is held ...
–
U.S. drug agent Kiki Camarena
Enrique "Kiki" Camarena Salazar (July 26, 1947 – February 9, 1985) was an American intelligence officer for the United States (DEA). In February 1985 Camarena was kidnapped by drug traffickers hired by Mexican politicians in Guadalajara, Mexic ...
is kidnapped and murdered in
Mexico
Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...
by
drug traffickers
The illegal drug trade or drug trafficking is a global black market dedicated to the cultivation, manufacture, distribution and sale of prohibited drugs. Most jurisdictions prohibit trade, except under license, of many types of drugs through ...
; his body is later discovered on
March 5.
*
February 14 –
Lebanon hostage crisis
The Lebanon hostage crisis was the kidnapping in Lebanon of 104 foreign hostages between 1982 and 1992, when the Lebanese Civil War was at its height. The hostages were mostly Americans and Western Europeans, but 21 national origins were represen ...
:
CNN
CNN (Cable News Network) is a multinational cable news channel headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, U.S. Founded in 1980 by American media proprietor Ted Turner and Reese Schonfeld as a 24-hour cable news channel, and presently owned by ...
reporter
Jeremy Levin is freed from captivity in
Lebanon
Lebanon ( , ar, لُبْنَان, translit=lubnān, ), officially the Republic of Lebanon () or the Lebanese Republic, is a country in Western Asia. It is located between Syria to Lebanon–Syria border, the north and east and Israel to Blue ...
.
*
February 16
Events Pre-1600
*1249 – Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khagan of the Mongol Empire.
*1270 – Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeats the Livonian Order in the Battle of Kar ...
**
Israel
Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
begins withdrawing troops from
Lebanon
Lebanon ( , ar, لُبْنَان, translit=lubnān, ), officially the Republic of Lebanon () or the Lebanese Republic, is a country in Western Asia. It is located between Syria to Lebanon–Syria border, the north and east and Israel to Blue ...
.
** The
ideology of Hezbollah
The ideology of Hezbollah has been summarized as Shiite radicalism. Hezbollah was largely formed with the aid of the Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini's followers in the early 1980s in order to spread the Islamic Revolution and follows a distinct vers ...
is declared in a program issued in
Beirut
Beirut, french: Beyrouth is the capital and largest city of Lebanon. , Greater Beirut has a population of 2.5 million, which makes it the third-largest city in the Levant region. The city is situated on a peninsula at the midpoint o ...
.
*
February 19
**
William J. Schroeder becomes the first
artificial heart
An artificial heart is a device that replaces the heart. Artificial hearts are typically used to bridge the time to heart transplantation, or to permanently replace the heart in the case that a heart transplant (from a deceased human or, exper ...
patient to leave the hospital.
**
Iberia Airlines Flight 610
Iberia Flight 610 was a scheduled domestic passenger flight from Madrid to Bilbao, Spain. On 19 February 1985, a Boeing 727-200 operating the flight crashed into a ravine after one of its wings sliced a television antenna on the summit of Mount O ...
crashes killing all 148 on board.
**
China Airlines Flight 006
China Airlines Flight 006 (callsign "Dynasty 006") was a daily non-stop flight from Taipei to Los Angeles International Airport. On 19 February 1985, the Boeing 747SP operating the flight was involved in an aircraft upset accident, following ...
is involved in a mid-air incident; while there are 22 minor injuries and 2 serious injuries, no one is killed.
*
February 20 –
Minolta
was a Japanese manufacturer of cameras, camera accessories, photocopiers, fax machines, and laser printers. Minolta Co., Ltd., which is also known simply as Minolta, was founded in Osaka, Japan, in 1928 as . It made the first integrated aut ...
releases the
Maxxum 7000, the world's first
autofocus
An autofocus (or AF) optical system uses a sensor, a control system and a motor to focus on an automatically or manually selected point or area. An electronic rangefinder has a display instead of the motor; the adjustment of the optical system ...
single-lens reflex camera.
*
February 28 – The
Provisional Irish Republican Army
The Irish Republican Army (IRA; ), also known as the Provisional Irish Republican Army, and informally as the Provos, was an Irish republican paramilitary organisation that sought to end British rule in Northern Ireland, facilitate Irish reu ...
carries out
a mortar attack on the
Royal Ulster Constabulary police station at
Newry
Newry (; ) is a City status in Ireland, city in Northern Ireland, divided by the Newry River, Clanrye river in counties County Armagh, Armagh and County Down, Down, from Belfast and from Dublin. It had a population of 26,967 in 2011.
Newry ...
in
Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland ( ga, Tuaisceart Éireann ; sco, label= Ulster-Scots, Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom, situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland, that is variously described as a country, province or region. Nort ...
. With nine officers dead, it is the highest loss of life for the RUC on a single day.
March
* March – The ''
GNU Manifesto
__NOTOC__
The ''GNU Manifesto'' is a call-to-action by Richard Stallman encouraging participation and support of the GNU Project's goal in developing the GNU free computer operating system. The GNU Manifesto was published in March 1985 in '' D ...
'', written by
Richard Stallman
Richard Matthew Stallman (; born March 16, 1953), also known by his initials, rms, is an American free software movement activist and programmer. He campaigns for software to be distributed in such a manner that its users have the freedom to ...
, is first published.
*
March 1
Events Pre-1600
*509 BC – Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia.
* 293 – Emperor Diocletian ...
– After a
12-year-long dictatorship,
Julio María Sanguinetti
Julio María Sanguinetti Coirolo (; born 6 January 1936 in Montevideo, Uruguay) is a Uruguayan politician, lawyer and journalist, who twice served as President of Uruguay (from March 1985 until March 1990, and again, from March 1995 until Marc ...
is sworn in as the first democratically elected
President of Uruguay.
*
March 3
Events Pre-1600
* 473 – Gundobad (nephew of Ricimer) nominates Glycerius as emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
* 724 – Empress Genshō abdicates the throne in favor of her nephew Shōmu who becomes emperor of Japan.
* 1575 & ...
– The 8.0
Algarrobo earthquake hits
Santiago
Santiago (, ; ), also known as Santiago de Chile, is the capital and largest city of Chile as well as one of the largest cities in the Americas. It is the center of Chile's most densely populated region, the Santiago Metropolitan Region, whos ...
and
Valparaíso
Valparaíso (; ) is a major city, seaport, naval base, and educational centre in the commune of Valparaíso, Chile. "Greater Valparaíso" is the second largest metropolitan area in the country. Valparaíso is located about northwest of Santiago ...
,
Chile
Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in the western part of South America. It is the southernmost country in the world, and the closest to Antarctica, occupying a long and narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east a ...
, leaving 177 dead, 2,575 injured, 142,489 houses destroyed, and approximately a million people homeless.
*
March 8
Events Pre-1600
* 1010 – Ferdowsi completes his epic poem ''Shahnameh''.
*1126 – Following the death of his mother, queen Urraca of León, Alfonso VII is proclaimed king of León.
* 1262 – Battle of Hausbergen between bou ...
– A
Beirut car bomb, planted in an attempt to assassinate Islamic cleric
Sayyed Mohammad Hussein Fadlallah, kills more than 80 people and injures 200 more.
*
March 11
Events Pre-1600
* 222 – Roman emperor Elagabalus is murdered alongside his mother, Julia Soaemias. He is replaced by his 14-year old cousin, Severus Alexander.
* 843 – Triumph of Orthodoxy: Empress Theodora II restores the ven ...
**
Mikhail Gorbachev becomes
General Secretary of the
Soviet Communist Party
"Hymn of the Bolshevik Party"
, headquarters = 4 Staraya Square, Moscow
, general_secretary = Vladimir Lenin (first)Mikhail Gorbachev (last)
, founded =
, banned =
, founder = Vladimir Lenin
, newspaper ...
and ''
de facto
''De facto'' ( ; , "in fact") describes practices that exist in reality, whether or not they are officially recognized by laws or other formal norms. It is commonly used to refer to what happens in practice, in contrast with ''de jure'' ("by la ...
'' leader of the
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
.
**
Mohamed Al-Fayed buys the London-based department store company
Harrods.
*
March 15
Events Pre-1600
*474 BC – Roman consul Aulus Manlius Vulso celebrates an ovation for concluding the war against Veii and securing a forty years' truce.
* 44 BC – The assassination of Julius Caesar takes place.
* 493 – Odo ...
– Vice-president
José Sarney
José Sarney de Araújo Costa (; born José Ribamar Ferreira de Araújo Costa; 24 April 1930) is a Brazilian politician, lawyer, and writer who served as 31st president of Brazil from 1985 to 1990. He briefly served as the 20th vice president of ...
, upon becoming vice president, assumes the duties of president of
Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
, as the new president
Tancredo Neves
Tancredo de Almeida Neves () (4 March 1910 – 21 April 1985) was a Brazilian politician, lawyer, and entrepreneur. He served as Minister of Justice and Interior Affairs from 1953 to 1954, Prime Minister from 1961 to 1962, Minister of Financ ...
had become severely ill the day before. Sarney would later become Brazil's first civilian president in 21 years, upon Neves' death on
April 21.
*
March 16
Events Pre-1600
* 934 – Meng Zhixiang declares himself emperor and establishes Later Shu as a new state independent of Later Tang.
*1190 – Massacre of Jews at Clifford's Tower, York.
* 1244 – Over 200 Cathars who refuse ...
– Lebanon hostage crisis: US journalist
Terry Anderson is taken hostage in
Beirut
Beirut, french: Beyrouth is the capital and largest city of Lebanon. , Greater Beirut has a population of 2.5 million, which makes it the third-largest city in the Levant region. The city is situated on a peninsula at the midpoint o ...
; he remains a prisoner until December 4, 1991.
*
March 17
Events Pre-1600
* 45 BC – In his last victory, Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger in the Battle of Munda.
* 180 – Commodus becomes sole emperor of the Roman Empire at the age of ei ...
–
Expo '85
Expo '85, officially called the , was a world's fair held in Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Tsukuba Science City, a planned city focused on technology north of Tokyo) between Sunday, March 17 and Monday, September 16, 1985. The theme of the fair was " ...
, an international exhibition, opens in
Tsukuba, Ibaraki
is a city located in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 244,528 in 108,669 households and a population density of 862 persons per km². The percentage of the population aged over 65 was 20.3%. The total ar ...
,
Japan, running until September 16.
*
March 18
Events Pre-1600
* 37 – Roman Senate annuls Tiberius' will and proclaims Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ''(aka Caligula = Little Boots)'' emperor.Tacitus, ''Annals'' V.10.
* 1068 – An earthquake in the Levant and the Ara ...
–
Australia's longest-running soap opera, ''
Neighbours'', debuts on
Seven Network
The Seven Network (commonly known as Channel Seven or simply Seven) is a major Australian commercial free-to-air television network. It is owned by Seven West Media Limited, and is one of five main free-to-air television networks in Australia ...
.
*
March 21
Events Pre-1600
* 537 – Siege of Rome: King Vitiges attempts to assault the northern and eastern city walls, but is repulsed at the Praenestine Gate, known as the ''Vivarium'', by the defenders under the Byzantine generals Bessas an ...
– Canadian
paraplegic athlete and activist
Rick Hansen
Richard Marvin Hansen (born August 26, 1957) is a Canadian track and field athlete (Paralympic Games), activist, and philanthropist for people with disabilities. Following a pickup truck crash at the age of 15, Hansen sustained a spinal cord ...
sets out on his , 26-month Man in Motion tour which raises US$26 million for
spinal cord research and
quality of life
Quality of life (QOL) is defined by the World Health Organization as "an individual's perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards ...
initiatives.
*
March 25
** The
57th Academy Awards
The 57th Academy Awards were presented March 25, 1985, at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion, Los Angeles. Jack Lemmon presided over the ceremonies. This ceremony marked the first time that multiple black nominees would win an Oscar, when Prince an ...
are held in
Los Angeles
Los Angeles ( ; es, Los Ángeles, link=no , ), often referred to by its initials L.A., is the List of municipalities in California, largest city in the U.S. state, state of California and the List of United States cities by population, sec ...
, with ''
Amadeus
Amadeus may refer to:
*Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791), prolific and influential composer of classical music
*Amadeus (name), a given name and people with the name
* ''Amadeus'' (play), 1979 stage play by Peter Shaffer
* ''Amadeus'' (film), ...
'' winning
Best Picture
This is a list of categories of awards commonly awarded through organizations that bestow film awards, including those presented by various film, festivals, and people's awards.
Best Actor/Best Actress
*See Best Actor#Film awards, Best Actress#F ...
.
** The
Organization Commune Africaine et Malgache
The African and Malagasy Union (AMU) (french: Union Africaine et Malgache (UAM)) was an intergovernmental organization created to promote cooperation among newly independent states in Francophone Africa. The organization derives its name from th ...
is officially dissolved.
April
*
Soviet–Afghan War
The Soviet–Afghan War was a protracted armed conflict fought in the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan from 1979 to 1989. It saw extensive fighting between the Soviet Union and the Afghan mujahideen (alongside smaller groups of anti-Sovie ...
: The
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
begins to transfer the burden of fighting the
mujahideen to the armed forces of the
Democratic Republic of Afghanistan, a cause of the
Revolutions of 1989
The Revolutions of 1989, also known as the Fall of Communism, was a revolutionary wave that resulted in the end of most communist states in the world. Sometimes this revolutionary wave is also called the Fall of Nations or the Autumn of Nat ...
.
*
April 1
Events Pre-1600
* 33 – According to one historian's account, Jesus Christ's Last Supper is held.
* 527 – Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne.
*1081 – Alexios I Ko ...
– Telegraph and Telephone Public Corporation, and Japan Tobacco and Salt Public Corporation, are
privatized
Privatization (also privatisation in British English) can mean several different things, most commonly referring to moving something from the public sector into the private sector. It is also sometimes used as a synonym for deregulation when ...
and change their names to
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone
, commonly known as NTT, is a Japanese telecommunications company headquartered in Tokyo, Japan. Ranked 55th in ''Fortune'' Global 500, NTT is the fourth largest telecommunications company in the world in terms of revenue, as well as the third la ...
, and
Japan Tobacco
Hepburn: ''Nippon Senbai Kōsha''
, type = 1985-: Public (''kabushiki gaisha'') 1949-1985: Statutory corporation
, traded_as =
, industry = FoodTobacco
, foundation = 1898 (as Imperial Japanese Tobacco Company)1 June 1949 (as Japan Tobacco ...
.
*
April 12
Events Pre-1600
* 240 – Shapur I becomes co-emperor of the Sasanian Empire with his father Ardashir I.
* 467 – Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
* 627 – King Edwin of Northumbria is converted to ...
–
El Descanso bombing: A terrorist bombing attributed to the
Islamic Jihad Organization
The Islamic Jihad Organization – IJO ( ar, حركة الجهاد الإسلامي, Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-'Islāmiyy) or ''Organisation du Jihad Islamique'' (OJI) in French, but best known as "Islamic Jihad" (Arabic: ''Jihad al-Islami'') for ...
in the ''El Descanso'' restaurant near
Madrid
Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the Largest cities of the Europ ...
,
Spain
, image_flag = Bandera de España.svg
, image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg
, national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond")
, national_anthem = (English: "Royal March")
, i ...
, mostly attended by U.S. personnel from the
Torrejón Air Base
Torrejón Air Base (Base Aérea de Torrejón de Ardoz) is both a major Spanish Air and Space Force base and the co-located Madrid–Torrejón Airport, a secondary civilian airport for the city and metropolitan area of Madrid, east-northeast of t ...
, causes 18 deaths (all Spaniards) and 82 injuries.
*
April 15
Events Pre-1600
* 769 – The Lateran Council ends by condemning the Council of Hieria and anathematizing its iconoclastic rulings.
* 1071 – Bari, the last Byzantine possession in southern Italy, is surrendered to Robert Guiscar ...
–
South Africa
South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the Southern Africa, southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline that stretch along the Atlantic Ocean, South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the ...
ends its ban on
interracial marriage
Interracial marriage is a marriage involving spouses who belong to different races or racialized ethnicities.
In the past, such marriages were outlawed in the United States, Nazi Germany and apartheid-era South Africa as miscegenation. In 1 ...
s.
*
April 19
Events Pre-1600
* AD 65 – The freedman Milichus betrays Piso's plot to kill the Emperor Nero and all the conspirators are arrested.
* 531 – Battle of Callinicum: A Byzantine army under Belisarius is defeated by the Persi ...
– The
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
performs a
nuclear weapon
A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from nuclear reactions, either fission (fission bomb) or a combination of fission and fusion reactions ( thermonuclear bomb), producing a nuclear explosion. Both bom ...
test in eastern
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental country located mainly in Central Asia and partly in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the north and west, China to the east, Kyrgyzstan to the southeast, Uzbeki ...
.
*
April 23 –
Coca-Cola
Coca-Cola, or Coke, is a carbonated soft drink manufactured by the Coca-Cola Company. Originally marketed as a temperance drink and intended as a patent medicine, it was invented in the late 19th century by John Stith Pemberton in Atlant ...
changes its formula and releases
New Coke. The response is overwhelmingly negative and the original formula is back on the market in less than three months.
*
April 28
Events Pre-1600
* 224 – The Battle of Hormozdgan is fought. Ardashir I defeats and kills Artabanus V effectively ending the Parthian Empire.
* 357 – Emperor Constantius II enters Rome for the first time to celebrate his victory ...
– The Australian
Nuclear Disarmament Party
The Nuclear Disarmament Party (NDP) was an Australian political party formed in June 1984. It was founded by medical researcher Michael Denborough as the political arm of the Australian anti-nuclear movement, which had been active since the ear ...
(NDP) splits.
May
*
May 4
Events Pre-1600
* 1256 – The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV issues a papal bull ''Licet ecclesiae catholicae''.
* 1415 – Religious reformers John Wycliffe and Jan Hus ar ...
– The
30th Eurovision Song Contest takes place in
Gothenburg,
Sweden and is won by the
Bobbysocks!
Bobbysocks is a Norwegian pop duo consisting of Norwegian Hanne Krogh and Swedish-Norwegian Elisabeth Andreassen. They won the Eurovision Song Contest 1985 with the song " La det swinge" ("Let it swing"). Elisabeth went by the surname Andreass ...
song ''
La det swinge
"La det swinge" (; "Let it swing") is a Norwegian-language song by the pop duo Bobbysocks!. It was the winner of the Eurovision Song Contest 1985 and 's first victory in the contest. The song is a tribute to dancing to old rock 'n' roll heard on ...
'' for
Norway
Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland territory of which comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and the ...
.
*
May 5
Events Pre-1600
* 553 – The Second Council of Constantinople begins.
*1215 – Rebel barons renounce their allegiance to King John of England — part of a chain of events leading to the signing of the Magna Carta.
*1260 – Kub ...
– U.S. President
Ronald Reagan joins West German Chancellor
Helmut Kohl
Helmut Josef Michael Kohl (; 3 April 1930 – 16 June 2017) was a German politician who served as Chancellor of Germany from 1982 to 1998 and Leader of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) from 1973 to 1998. Kohl's 16-year tenure is the longes ...
for a controversial funeral service at a cemetery in
Bitburg, West Germany, which includes the graves of 59 elite
S.S. troops from World War II.
*
May 9
Events Pre-1600
* 328 – Athanasius is elected Patriarch of Alexandria.
*1009 – Lombard Revolt: Lombard forces led by Melus revolt in Bari against the Byzantine Catepanate of Italy.
*1386 – England and Portugal formally rati ...
– The 3rd total
Victory Day
Victory Day is a commonly used name for public holidays in various countries, where it commemorates a nation's triumph over a hostile force in a war or the liberation of a country from hostile occupation. In many cases, multiple countries may ob ...
Parade (the first being in 1945 and the next in 1965) is held on Red Square in
Moscow
Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 millio ...
in the Soviet Union. It features T-34-85 tanks, veterans of World War II from Poland, Czechoslovakia and the Soviet Union, and is the first parade to be held during the reign of Mikhail Gorbachev.
*
May 11
** The
FBI
The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the domestic intelligence and security service of the United States and its principal federal law enforcement agency. Operating under the jurisdiction of the United States Department of Justice, t ...
brings charges against the suspected heads of the
five Mafia families in New York City.
**
Bradford City stadium fire: A fire engulfs a wooden stand at the
Valley Parade
Valley Parade, known as the University of Bradford Stadium for sponsorship reasons, is an all-seater football stadium in Bradford, West Yorkshire, England. Built in 1886, it was the home of Manningham Rugby Football Club until 1903, when they ...
stadium in
Bradford, England, during an
Association football
Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of 11 players who primarily use their feet to propel the ball around a rectangular field called a pitch. The objective of the game is ...
match, killing 56 people.
*
May 15
Events Pre-1600
* 221 – Liu Bei, Chinese warlord, proclaims himself emperor of Shu Han, the successor of the Han dynasty.
* 392 – Emperor Valentinian II is assassinated while advancing into Gaul against the Frankish usurper Arbog ...
–
Argentinian President Raúl Alfonsín
Raúl Ricardo Alfonsín (12 March 1927 – 31 March 2009) was an Argentine lawyer and statesman who served as President of Argentina from 10 December 1983 to 8 July 1989. He was the first democratically elected president after more than ...
terminates Argentinian administration of the
Falkland Islands
The Falkland Islands (; es, Islas Malvinas, link=no ) is an archipelago in the South Atlantic Ocean on the Patagonian Shelf. The principal islands are about east of South America's southern Patagonian coast and about from Cape Dubouze ...
but does not relinquish Argentina's
claim to the islands.
*
May 16 – Scientists of the
British Antarctic Survey announce the discovery of the
ozone hole
Ozone depletion consists of two related events observed since the late 1970s: a steady lowering of about four percent in the total amount of ozone in Earth's atmosphere, and a much larger springtime decrease in stratospheric ozone (the ozone lay ...
.
*
May 25
Events Pre-1600
* 567 BC – Servius Tullius, the king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victory over the Etruscans.
*240 BC – First recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet.
* 1085 – Alfonso VI of Castile takes Tol ...
– Approximately 10,000 people are killed when
Bangladesh
Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million people in an area of . Bangladesh is among the mos ...
is affected by the
storm surge from
Tropical Storm One (1B).
*
May 26
Events Pre-1600
* 17 – Germanicus celebrates a triumph in Rome for his victories over the Cherusci, Chatti, and other German tribes west of the Elbe.
* 451 – Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sasanian Empire tak ...
– Young driver
Danny Sullivan
Daniel John Sullivan III (born March 9, 1950), better known as Danny Sullivan, is an American former racing driver. He earned 17 wins in the CART Indy Car World Series, including the 1985 Indianapolis 500. Sullivan won the 1988 CART Champions ...
beats veteran
Mario Andretti
Mario Gabriele Andretti (born February 28, 1940) is an Italian-born American former racing driver. One of the most successful drivers in the history of motorsports, Andretti is one of only two drivers to have won races in Formula One, IndyCar, t ...
to win the 1985
Indianapolis 500
The Indianapolis 500, formally known as the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, and commonly called the Indy 500, is an annual automobile race held at Indianapolis Motor Speedway (IMS) in Speedway, Indiana, United States, an enclave suburb of Indi ...
.
*
May 29
Events Pre-1600
* 363 – The Roman emperor Julian defeats the Sasanian army in the Battle of Ctesiphon, under the walls of the Sasanian capital, but is unable to take the city.
* 1108 – Battle of Uclés: Almoravid troops under ...
–
Heysel Stadium disaster
The Heysel Stadium disaster ( it, Strage dell'Heysel ; german: link=no, Katastrophe von Heysel ; french: Drame du Heysel ; nl, Heizeldrama ) was a crowd disaster that occurred on 29 May 1985 when mostly Juventus fans escaping from a breach by L ...
: Thirty-nine spectators are killed in rioting on the terraces during the
European Cup final between
Liverpool F.C.
Liverpool Football Club is a professional football club based in Liverpool, England. The club competes in the Premier League, the top tier of English football. Founded in 1892, the club joined the Football League the following year and has p ...
and
Juventus (0–1) at
Heysel Stadium
The King Baudouin Stadium (french: Stade Roi Baudouin , nl, Koning Boudewijnstadion ) is a sports ground in north-west Brussels, Belgium. Located in the Heysel district of the City of Brussels, it was built to embellish the Heysel Plateau in ...
in
Brussels
Brussels (french: Bruxelles or ; nl, Brussel ), officially the Brussels-Capital Region (All text and all but one graphic show the English name as Brussels-Capital Region.) (french: link=no, Région de Bruxelles-Capitale; nl, link=no, Bruss ...
,
Belgium
Belgium, ; french: Belgique ; german: Belgien officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe. The country is bordered by the Netherlands to the north, Germany to the east, Luxembourg to the southeast, France to th ...
.
*
May 31
Events Pre-1600
* 455 – Emperor Petronius Maximus is stoned to death by an angry mob while fleeing Rome.
* 1223 – Mongol invasion of the Cumans: Battle of the Kalka River: Mongol armies of Genghis Khan led by Subutai defeat K ...
–
Forty-four tornadoes hit
Ohio
Ohio () is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States. Of the fifty U.S. states, it is the 34th-largest by area, and with a population of nearly 11.8 million, is the seventh-most populous and tenth-most densely populated. The sta ...
,
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania (; ( Pennsylvania Dutch: )), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes regions of the United States. It borders Delaware to its southeast, ...
,
New York and
Ontario
Ontario ( ; ) is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada.Ontario is located in the geographic eastern half of Canada, but it has historically and politically been considered to be part of Central Canada. Located in Central C ...
, including a rare powerful F5. In total, the event killed 90 people.
June
*
June 6 – The remains of
Josef Mengele
, allegiance =
, branch = Schutzstaffel
, serviceyears = 1938–1945
, rank = '' SS''-'' Hauptsturmführer'' (Captain)
, servicenumber =
, battles =
, unit =
, awards =
, commands =
, ...
, the physician notorious for
Nazi human experimentation
Nazi human experimentation was a series of medical experiments on large numbers of prisoners, including children, by Nazi Germany in its concentration camps in the early to mid 1940s, during World War II and the Holocaust. Chief target po ...
on inmates of
Auschwitz concentration camp, buried in
1979
Events
January
* January 1
** United Nations Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim heralds the start of the '' International Year of the Child''. Many musicians donate to the '' Music for UNICEF Concert'' fund, among them ABBA, who write the so ...
under the name of Wolfgang Gerhard, are exhumed in
Embu das Artes
Embu das Artes, previously and commonly known simply as Embu, is a Brazilian Municipalities of Brazil, municipality in the State of São Paulo (state), São Paulo. It is part of the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo. The population is 276,535 (2 ...
,
Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
.
*
June 14
Events Pre-1600
* 1158 – The city of Munich is founded by Henry the Lion on the banks of the river Isar.
* 1216 – First Barons' War: Prince Louis of France takes the city of Winchester, abandoned by John, King of England, and soon ...
**
TWA Flight 847
Trans World Airlines Flight 847 was a flight from Cairo to San Diego with en route stops in Athens, Rome, Boston, and Los Angeles. On the morning of June 14, 1985, Flight 847 was hijacked shortly after take off from Athens. The hijackers demand ...
, carrying 153 passengers from
Athens
Athens ( ; el, Αθήνα, Athína ; grc, Ἀθῆναι, Athênai (pl.) ) is both the capital and largest city of Greece. With a population close to four million, it is also the seventh largest city in the European Union. Athens dominates ...
to
Rome
, established_title = Founded
, established_date = 753 BC
, founder = King Romulus (legendary)
, image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg
, map_caption ...
, is hijacked by a
Hezbollah fringe group. One passenger, U.S. Navy Petty Officer
Robert Stethem
Robert Dean Stethem (November 17, 1961 – June 15, 1985) was a United States Navy Seabee (US Navy), Seabee diver who was murdered by Hezbollah terrorists during the aircraft hijacking, hijacking of the commercial airliner he was aboard, TWA ...
, is killed. Greek police arrest a 65-year-old
Lebanese suspect on
September 21
Events Pre-1600
* 455 – Emperor Avitus enters Rome with a Gallic army and consolidates his power.
* 1170 – The Kingdom of Dublin falls to Norman invaders.
* 1217 – Livonian Crusade: The Estonian leader Lembitu and Livonian ...
,
2019
File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
.
** The
Schengen Agreement
The Schengen Agreement ( , ) is a treaty which led to the creation of Europe's Schengen Area, in which internal border checks have largely been abolished. It was signed on 14 June 1985, near the town of Schengen, Luxembourg, by five of the t ...
is signed between certain member states of the
European Economic Community, creating the
Schengen Area, a bloc of (at this time) 5 states with no internal border controls.
*
June 15
Events Pre-1600
* 763 BC – Assyrians record a solar eclipse that is later used to fix the chronology of Mesopotamian history.
* 844 – Louis II is crowned as king of Italy at Rome by pope Sergius II.
* 923 – Battle of So ...
–
Studio Ghibli
is a Japanese animation studio headquartered in Koganei, Tokyo."Studio Ghibli Collection - Madman Entertainment". ''Studio Ghibli Collection - Madman Entertainment''. Retrieved 2020-12-14. It is best known for its animated feature films, and h ...
, an animation studio, is founded in
Tokyo
Tokyo (; ja, 東京, , ), officially the Tokyo Metropolis ( ja, 東京都, label=none, ), is the capital and List of cities in Japan, largest city of Japan. Formerly known as Edo, its metropolitan area () is the most populous in the world, ...
.
*
June 20 –
1985 Nepal bombings
A series of coordinated bomb blasts occurred on 20 June 1985 in Kathmandu and other cities in Nepal.Bowman, John Stewart. Columbia Chronologies of Asian History and Culture'. New York: Columbia University Press, 2000. p. 398webindia123. 'Asia Watc ...
: A series of bomb blasts occurs in
Kathmandu
, pushpin_map = Nepal Bagmati Province#Nepal#Asia
, coordinates =
, subdivision_type = Country
, subdivision_name =
, subdivision_type1 = Province
, subdivision_name1 = Bagmati Prov ...
and other cities of
Nepal
Nepal (; ne, :ne:नेपाल, नेपाल ), formerly the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal ( ne,
सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल ), is a landlocked country in S ...
.
*
June 22
Events Pre-1600
* 217 BC – Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV Philopator of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom.
* 168 BC – Battle of Pydna: Romans under Lucius Aemilius Paullus defeat Macedonian King Perseus ...
– British and Irish police foil a "mainland bombing campaign" sponsored by the
Provisional Irish Republican Army
The Irish Republican Army (IRA; ), also known as the Provisional Irish Republican Army, and informally as the Provos, was an Irish republican paramilitary organisation that sought to end British rule in Northern Ireland, facilitate Irish reu ...
which targets luxury vacation resorts.
*
June 23 –
Air India Flight 182
Air India Flight 182 was an Air India flight operating on the Montreal–London–Delhi–Bombay route. On 23 June 1985, it was operated using Boeing 747-237B registered ''VT-EFO''. It disintegrated in mid-air en route from Montreal to Lond ...
, a
Boeing 747, is blown up by a terrorist bomb 31,000 feet (9,500 m) above the Atlantic Ocean, south of Ireland, on a Montreal–London–Delhi flight, killing all 329 aboard.
*
June 24
Events Pre-1600
*1312 BC – Mursili II launches a campaign against the Kingdom of Azzi-Hayasa.
* 109 – Roman emperor Trajan inaugurates the Aqua Traiana, an aqueduct that channels water from Lake Bracciano, northwest of Rome. ...
–
STS-51-G
STS-51-G was the 18th flight of NASA's Space Shuttle program, and the fifth flight of Space Shuttle ''Discovery''. The seven-day mission launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on June 17, 1985, and landed at Edwards Air Force Base, Calif ...
:
Space Shuttle
The Space Shuttle is a retired, partially reusable low Earth orbital spacecraft system operated from 1981 to 2011 by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as part of the Space Shuttle program. Its official program ...
''
Discovery
Discovery may refer to:
* Discovery (observation), observing or finding something unknown
* Discovery (fiction), a character's learning something unknown
* Discovery (law), a process in courts of law relating to evidence
Discovery, The Discover ...
'' completes its mission, best remembered for having
Sultan bin Salman Al Saud, the first
Arab
The Arabs (singular: Arab; singular ar, عَرَبِيٌّ, DIN 31635: , , plural ar, عَرَب, DIN 31635: , Arabic pronunciation: ), also known as the Arab people, are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in Western Asia, ...
and first
Muslim in space, as a
payload specialist.
*
June 27
Events Pre-1600
* 1358 – The Republic of Ragusa is founded.
*1497 – Cornish rebels Michael An Gof and Thomas Flamank are executed at Tyburn, London, England.
* 1499 – Americo Vespucci, on Spanish financed trip, sights coa ...
– The iconic
U.S. Route 66
U.S. Route 66 or U.S. Highway 66 (US 66 or Route 66) was one of the original highways in the United States Numbered Highway System. It was established on November 11, 1926, with road signs erected the following year. The h ...
is officially decommissioned.
July
![Live Aid at JFK Stadium, Philadelphia, PA](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/47/Live_Aid_at_JFK_Stadium%2C_Philadelphia%2C_PA.jpg)
*
July 1 – The
Convention on the Transfer of Sentenced Persons
The Convention on the Transfer of Sentenced Persons is an international treaty regulating the extradition and social rehabilitation of imprisoned persons. The Convention was concluded in Strasbourg on 21 March 1983 and entered into force on 1 Jul ...
enters into force.
*
July 10
Events Pre-1600
* 138 – Emperor Hadrian of Rome dies of heart failure at his residence on the bay of Naples, Baiae; he is buried at Rome in the Tomb of Hadrian beside his late wife, Vibia Sabina.
* 645 – Isshi Incident: Prin ...
– The
Greenpeace vessel ''
Rainbow Warrior'' is
bombed and sunk in
Auckland Harbour
Auckland (pronounced ) ( mi, Tāmaki Makaurau) is a large metropolitan city in the North Island of New Zealand. The most populous urban area in the country and the fifth largest city in Oceania, Auckland has an urban population of about It ...
by French
DGSE
The General Directorate for External Security (french: link=no, Direction générale de la Sécurité extérieure, DGSE) is France's foreign intelligence agency, equivalent to the British MI6 and the American CIA, established on 2 April 1982. ...
agents.
*
July 13
Events Pre-1600
* 1174 – William I of Scotland, a key rebel in the Revolt of 1173–74, is captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to Henry II of England.
* 1249 – Coronation of Alexander III as King of Scots.
*1260 – The Livon ...
– ''
Live Aid'' benefit concerts in
London
London is the capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary dow ...
and
Philadelphia
Philadelphia, often called Philly, is the List of municipalities in Pennsylvania#Municipalities, largest city in the Commonwealth (U.S. state), Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the List of United States cities by population, sixth-largest city i ...
raise over £50 million for
famine
A famine is a widespread scarcity of food, caused by several factors including war, natural disasters, crop failure, population imbalance, widespread poverty, an economic catastrophe or government policies. This phenomenon is usually accompani ...
relief in
Ethiopia
Ethiopia, , om, Itiyoophiyaa, so, Itoobiya, ti, ኢትዮጵያ, Ítiyop'iya, aa, Itiyoppiya officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the ...
.
*
July 19
Events Pre-1600
*AD 64 – The Great Fire of Rome causes widespread devastation and rages on for six days, destroying half of the city.
* 484 – Leontius, Roman usurper, is crowned Eastern emperor at Tarsus (modern Turkey). He is ...
**
New Hampshire
New Hampshire is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Gulf of Maine to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec to the nor ...
teacher
Christa McAuliffe
Sharon Christa McAuliffe ( Corrigan; September 2, 1948 – January 28, 1986) was an American teacher and astronaut from Concord, New Hampshire, who was killed on the Space Shuttle ''Challenger'' on mission STS-51-L where she was serving as a ...
is selected as the first person to go into space under the
Teacher in Space Project
The Teacher in Space Project (TISP) was a NASA program announced by Ronald Reagan in 1984 designed to inspire students, honor teachers, and spur interest in mathematics, science, and space exploration. The project would carry teachers into space ...
, and designated to ride aboard the
Space Shuttle ''Challenger''.
** The
Val di Stava dam collapse
The Val di Stava Dam collapse occurred on 19 July 1985, when two tailings dams above the village of Stava, near Tesero, Italy, failed. It resulted in one of Italy's worst disasters, killing 268 people, destroying 63 buildings and demolishing eigh ...
s in Italy, killing 268 people, destroying 63 buildings, and demolishing eight bridges.
*
July 20
Events Pre-1600
* 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus, son of emperor Vespasian, storms the Fortress of Antonia north of the Temple Mount. The Roman army is drawn into street fights with the Zealots.
* 792 – Kardam of Bulgaria defea ...
–
State President of South Africa,
P. W. Botha
Pieter Willem Botha, (; 12 January 1916 – 31 October 2006), commonly known as P. W. and af, Die Groot Krokodil (The Big Crocodile), was a South African politician. He served as the last prime minister of South Africa from 1978 to 1984 and ...
, declares a state of emergency in 36 magisterial districts of South Africa amid growing civil unrest in
black townships.
*
July 27
Events Pre-1600
* 1054 – Siward, Earl of Northumbria, invades Scotland and defeats Macbeth, King of Scotland, somewhere north of the Firth of Forth.
* 1189 – Friedrich Barbarossa arrives at Niš, the capital of Serbian King Ste ...
– The
63 Building
The 63 Building ( ko, 63빌딩), officially called 63 SQUARE (formerly Hanwha 63 City), is a skyscraper on Yeouido island, overlooking the Han River (Korea), Han River in Seoul, South Korea. At 249 meters (817 ft) high, it was the tallest b ...
officially opens as the
tallest skyscraper outside North America in
Yeouido
Yeouido (Hangul: 여의도, en, Yoi Island or Yeoui Island) is a large island (or eyot) on the Han River (Korea), Han River in Seoul, South Korea. It is Seoul's main finance and investment banking district. Its 8.4 square kilometers are home to ...
,
Seoul
Seoul (; ; ), officially known as the Seoul Special City, is the capital and largest metropolis of South Korea.Before 1972, Seoul was the ''de jure'' capital of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) as stated iArticle 103 of ...
,
South Korea
South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korean Peninsula and sharing a land border with North Korea. Its western border is formed by the Yellow Sea, while its eas ...
.
August
*
August 2 –
Delta Air Lines Flight 191
Delta Air Lines Flight 191 was a regularly scheduled Delta Air Lines domestic service from Fort Lauderdale, Florida, to Los Angeles with an intermediate stop at Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport (DFW). On August 2, 1985, the Lockheed ...
crashes near
Dallas, Texas
Dallas () is the third largest city in Texas and the largest city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, the fourth-largest metropolitan area in the United States at 7.5 million people. It is the largest city in and seat of Dallas County ...
, killing 137 people.
*
August 7
Events Pre-1600
* 461 – Roman Emperor Majorian is beheaded near the river Iria in north-west Italy following his arrest and deposition by the ''magister militum'' Ricimer.
* 626 – The Avar and Slav armies leave the siege of Co ...
–
Takao Doi
is a Japanese astronaut, engineer and veteran of two NASA Space Shuttle missions.
Doi holds a doctorate from the University of Tokyo in aerospace engineering, and has studied and published in the fields of propulsion systems and microgravity te ...
,
Mamoru Mohri and
Chiaki Mukai are chosen to be Japan's first
astronauts.
*
August 12
Events Pre-1600
*1099 – First Crusade: Battle of Ascalon Crusaders under the command of Godfrey of Bouillon defeat Fatimid forces led by Al-Afdal Shahanshah. This is considered the last engagement of the First Crusade.
* 1121 – B ...
–
Japan Airlines Flight 123
Japan Air Lines Flight 123 (JAL123) () was a scheduled domestic Japan Air Lines passenger flight from Haneda Airport in Tokyo to Itami International Airport in Osaka. On August 12, 1985, the Boeing 747SR operating this flight suffered a sudden ...
crashes in Japan, killing 520 people (the worst single-aircraft disaster in history).
*
August 14 – The
Accomarca massacre
The Accomarca massacre occurred on 14 August 1985, in the peasant village of Accomarca, now a neighbourhood of Ayacucho, Peru. There the Peruvian military massacred unarmed men, women and children. The official number of villagers killed is 69, ...
takes place in
Ayacucho
Ayacucho (, qu, Ayak'uchu) is the capital city of Ayacucho Region and of Huamanga Province, Ayacucho Region, Peru.
During the Inca Empire and Viceroyalty of Peru periods the city was known by the name of Huamanga (Quechua: Wamanga), and it c ...
,
Peru
, image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg
, image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg
, other_symbol = Great Seal of the State
, other_symbol_type = National seal
, national_motto = "Firm and Happy f ...
.
*
August 22
Events Pre-1600
* 392 – Arbogast has Eugenius elected Western Roman Emperor.
* 851 – Battle of Jengland: Erispoe defeats Charles the Bald near the Breton town of Jengland.
*1138 – Battle of the Standard between Scotland a ...
–
British Airtours Flight 28M
British Airtours Flight 28M (also known as Flight 328) was an international passenger flight which caught fire before takeoff at Manchester Airport, England on 22 August 1985 with the loss of 55 lives. It was en route to Corfu International A ...
: The 737's left engine catches fire while on its takeoff roll at
Manchester Airport in the UK and 55 people are killed while trying to evacuate the aircraft.
*
August 25
Events Pre-1600
* 19 – The Roman general Germanicus dies near Antioch. He was convinced that the mysterious illness that ended in his death was a result of poisoning by the Syrian governor Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso, whom he had ordered to ...
–
Bar Harbor Airlines Flight 1808 crashes in the United States killing all 8 on board including thirteen-year-old American celebrity schoolgirl
Samantha Smith
Samantha Reed Smith (June 29, 1972 – August 25, 1985) was an American peace activist and child actress from Manchester, Maine, who became famous for her anti-war outreaches during the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union. I ...
.
September
*
September 1
Events Pre-1600
*1145 – The main altar of Lund Cathedral, at the time seat of the archiepiscopal see of all the Nordic countries, is consecrated.
*1173 – The widow Stamira sacrifices herself in order to raise the siege of Ancona b ...
– The
wreck of the RMS ''Titanic'' is located by a joint American-French expedition led by Dr.
Robert Ballard
Robert Duane Ballard (born June 30, 1942) is an American retired Navy officer and a professor of oceanography at the University of Rhode Island who is most noted for his work in underwater archaeology: maritime archaeology and archaeology o ...
(
WHOI) and
Jean-Louis Michel (
IFREMER
IFREMER (Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer; ) is an oceanographic institution in Brest, France.
Scope of works
Ifremer focuses its research activities in the following areas:
* Monitoring, use and enhancement of coa ...
) using
side-scan sonar
Side-scan sonar (also sometimes called side scan sonar, sidescan sonar, side imaging sonar, side-imaging sonar and bottom classification sonar) is a category of sonar system that is used to efficiently create an image of large areas of the sea ...
from
RV ''Knorr''.
*
September 6
Events Pre-1600
* 394 – Battle of the Frigidus: Roman emperor Theodosius I defeats and kills Eugenius the usurper. His Frankish ''magister militum'' Arbogast escapes but commits suicide two days later.
*1492 – Christopher Colu ...
–
Midwest Express Airlines Flight 105
Midwest Express Airlines Flight 105 was a scheduled domestic passenger flight that crashed into an open field in Milwaukee, Wisconsin shortly after taking off from General Mitchell International Airport on September 6, 1985. The airplane, a Doug ...
, a
Douglas DC-9
The McDonnell Douglas DC-9 is an American five-abreast single-aisle aircraft designed by the Douglas Aircraft Company. It was initially produced by the developer company as the Douglas DC-9 until August 1967 and then by McDonnell Douglas.
After ...
, crashes just after takeoff from
Milwaukee
Milwaukee ( ), officially the City of Milwaukee, is both the most populous and most densely populated city in the U.S. state of Wisconsin and the county seat of Milwaukee County. With a population of 577,222 at the 2020 census, Milwaukee ...
, killing all 31 on board.
*
September 13
Events Pre-1600
* 585 BC – Lucius Tarquinius Priscus, king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victories over the Sabines, and the surrender of Collatia.
* 509 BC – The Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus on Rome's Capitoline Hi ...
– ''
Super Mario Bros.
is a platform game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES). The successor to the 1983 arcade game '' Mario Bros.'' and the first game in the ''Super Mario'' series, it was first released in 1985 for ...
'' is released for the
Nintendo Entertainment System.
*
September 19
Events Pre-1600
* 85 – Nerva, suspected of complicity of the death of Domitian, is declared emperor by Senate. The Senate then annuls laws passed by Domitian and orders his statues to be destroyed.
* 634 – Siege of Damascus: Th ...
– An 8.0
earthquake
An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is the shaking of the surface of the Earth resulting from a sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves. Earthquakes can range in intensity, fr ...
strikes Mexico City, killing between 5,000 and 45,000 people and injuring 30,000 more.
*
September 20
Events Pre-1600
*1058 – Agnes of Poitou and Andrew I of Hungary meet to negotiate about the border territory of Burgenland.
*1066 – At the Battle of Fulford, Harald Hardrada defeats earls Morcar and Edwin.
*1187 – Saladin b ...
– The
capital gains tax
A capital gains tax (CGT) is the tax on profits realized on the sale of a non-inventory asset. The most common capital gains are realized from the sale of stocks, bonds, precious metals, real estate, and property.
Not all countries impose a c ...
is introduced to Australia.
*
September 22
Events Pre-1600
* 904 – The warlord Zhu Quanzhong kills Emperor Zhaozong, the penultimate emperor of the Tang dynasty, after seizing control of the imperial government.
* 1236 – The Samogitians defeat the Livonian Brothers of th ...
– The
Plaza Accord
The Plaza Accord was a joint–agreement signed on September 22, 1985, at the Plaza Hotel in New York City, between France, West Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States, to depreciate the U.S. dollar in relation to the French ...
is signed by five nations.
*
September 23 – Italian crime reporter
Giancarlo Siani
Giancarlo Siani (; Naples, September 19, 1959, - Naples, September 23, 1985) was an Italian crime reporter from Naples, who was killed by the Camorra, the Neapolitan mafia.
He started to write in the magazine ''Osservatorio sulla camorra'', and l ...
is killed by the
Camorra.
October
*
October 1
Events Pre-1600
* 331 BC – Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela.
* 366 – Pope Damasus I is consecrated.
* 959 – Edgar the Peaceful becomes king of all England, in succession to Eadw ...
–
Operation Wooden Leg
Operation "Wooden Leg" ( he, מבצע רגל עץ, ''Mivtza Regel Etz'') was an attack by Israel on the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) headquarters in Hammam Chott, near Tunis, Tunisia, on October 1, 1985. With a target 1,280 miles (2,0 ...
: The
Israel
Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
i air force bombs
Palestine Liberation Organization Headquarters near
Tunis
''Tounsi'' french: Tunisois
, population_note =
, population_urban =
, population_metro = 2658816
, population_density_km2 =
, timezone1 = CET
, utc_offset1 ...
.
*
October 3
Events Pre-1600
* 2457 BC – Gaecheonjeol, Hwanung (환웅) purportedly descended from heaven. South Korea's National Foundation Day.
* 52 BC – Gallic Wars: Vercingetorix, leader of the Gauls, surrenders to the Romans under Juliu ...
– The
Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' makes its maiden flight.
*
October 7
Events Pre-1600
* 3761 BC – The epoch reference date (start) of the modern Hebrew calendar.
* 1403 – Venetian–Genoese wars: The Genoese fleet under a French admiral is defeated by a Venetian fleet at the Battle of Modon.
* 1477 ...
– The cruise ship ''
Achille Lauro'' is hijacked in the Mediterranean Sea by four heavily armed Palestinian terrorists. One passenger, American
Leon Klinghoffer
Leon Klinghoffer (September 24, 1916 – October 8, 1985) was an American man who was shot, killed and thrown overboard from the cruise ship ''Achille Lauro'' by members of the Palestinian Liberation Front who hijacked the ship in 1985.
P ...
, is killed.
*
October 16
Events Pre-1600
* 456 – Ricimer defeats Avitus at Piacenza and becomes master of the Western Roman Empire.
* 690 – Empress Wu Zetian ascends to the throne of the Tang dynasty and proclaims herself ruler of the Chinese Empire.
* ...
– The Finnish
dry cargo ship
A bulk carrier or bulker is a merchant ship specially designed to transport unpackaged bulk cargo — such as grains, coal, ore, steel coils, and cement — in its cargo holds. Since the first specialized bulk carrier was built in 1852, econom ...
MS ''Hanna-Marjut'', on its way from
Mariehamn to
Naantali
Naantali (; sv, Nådendal) is a town in southwestern Finland, and, as a resort town during the summer, an important tourist centre of the country. The municipality has a population of
(), and is located in the region of Southwest Finland, west ...
, sank in hard sea on the open water of Kihti between the
Kökar
Kökar () is an island municipality to the south-east of the Åland archipelago, Finland.
It is also one of the municipalities of Åland. It is reachable by boat from Långnäs on Åland or from Galtby with access to mainland Finland.
The munic ...
and
Sottunga
Sottunga is an island municipality of Åland, an autonomous territory of Finland. The municipality is the smallest when it comes to population in Åland and in Finland, with a population of only
() and covers an area of of
which
is water. The p ...
islands of
Åland
Åland ( fi, Ahvenanmaa: ; ; ) is an autonomous and demilitarised region of Finland since 1920 by a decision of the League of Nations. It is the smallest region of Finland by area and population, with a size of 1,580 km2, and a populat ...
, leading to the drowning of four people.
*
October 25
Events Pre-1600
* 285 (or 286) – Execution of Saints Crispin and Crispinian during the reign of Diocletian, now the patron saints of leather workers, curriers, and shoemakers.
* 473 – Emperor Leo I acclaims his grandson Leo II a ...
–
Emirates Airlines
Emirates ( ar, طَيَران الإمارات DMG: ''Ṭayarān Al-Imārāt'') is one of two flag carriers of the United Arab Emirates (the other being Etihad). Based in Garhoud, Dubai, the airline is a subsidiary of The Emirates Group, whic ...
is established in
Dubai
Dubai (, ; ar, دبي, translit=Dubayy, , ) is the most populous city in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and the capital of the Emirate of Dubai, the most populated of the 7 emirates of the United Arab Emirates.The Government and Politics of ...
and makes its first flight, to
Karachi
Karachi (; ur, ; ; ) is the most populous city in Pakistan and 12th most populous city in the world, with a population of over 20 million. It is situated at the southern tip of the country along the Arabian Sea coast. It is the former c ...
.
November
*
November 6
Events Pre-1600
* 447 – A powerful earthquake destroys large portions of the Walls of Constantinople, including 57 towers.
* 963 – Synod of Rome: Emperor Otto I calls a council at St. Peter's Basilica in Rome. Pope John XII is ...
**
Palace of Justice siege
The Palace of Justice siege was a 1985 attack on the Supreme Court of Colombia, in which members of the leftist M-19 guerrilla group took over the Palace of Justice in Bogotá and held the Supreme Court hostage, intending to hold a trial again ...
: Members of the
19th of April Movement
The 19th of April Movement ( es, Movimiento 19 de Abril), or M-19, was a Colombian guerrilla organisation movement. After its demobilization it became a political party, the M-19 Democratic Alliance (), or AD/M-19.
The M-19 traced its or ...
(M-19) Marxist guerrilla group take over the
Palace of Justice of Colombia
The Palace of Justice of Colombia ( es, Palacio de Justicia de Colombia) is a building located in Bolívar Square in the city of Bogotá, seat and symbol of the Judiciary of Colombia.
History
Throughout the history of Colombia there have been ...
in
Bogotá and hold the
Supreme Court hostage. Hours later, after a military raid, the incident leaves almost half of the 25 Supreme Court Justices dead.
** The Argentine tourist village of
Villa Epecuén
Villa Epecuén was a tourist village in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, on the eastern shore of Laguna Epecuén, about north of the city of Carhué. Developed in the early 1920s, Epecuén was accessible from Buenos Aires by train. The Sarmient ...
is permanently flooded through the collapse of a dam and dyke.
*
November 9 – In an all-Soviet match, 22-year-old
Garry Kasparov
Garry Kimovich Kasparov (born 13 April 1963) is a Russian chess grandmaster, former World Chess Champion, writer, political activist and commentator. His peak rating of 2851, achieved in 1999, was the highest recorded until being surpassed by ...
defeats
Anatoly Karpov
Anatoly Yevgenyevich Karpov ( rus, links=no, Анато́лий Евге́ньевич Ка́рпов, p=ɐnɐˈtolʲɪj jɪvˈɡʲenʲjɪvʲɪtɕ ˈkarpəf; born May 23, 1951) is a Russian and former Soviet chess grandmaster, former World Che ...
to become the youngest-ever undisputed winner of the
World Chess Championship
The World Chess Championship is played to determine the world champion in chess. The current world champion is Magnus Carlsen of Norway, who has held the title since 2013.
The first event recognized as a world championship was the 1886 match ...
.
*
November 12
Events Pre-1600
* 954 – The 13-year-old Lothair III is crowned at the Abbey of Saint-Remi as king of the West Frankish Kingdom.
*1028 – Future Byzantine empress Zoe takes the throne as empress consort to Romanos III Argyros.
* 13 ...
– A
total solar eclipse occurs over Antarctica at 14:11:22 UTC.
*
November 13
Events Pre-1600
* 1002 – English king Æthelred II orders the killing of all Danes in England, known today as the St. Brice's Day massacre.
*1093 – Battle of Alnwick: in an English victory over the Scots, Malcolm III of Scotla ...
–
Armero tragedy
The Armero tragedy ( es, Tragedia de Armero, links=no ) occurred following the eruption of the Nevado del Ruiz stratovolcano in Tolima, Colombia, on November 13, 1985. The volcano's eruption after 69 years of dormancy caught nearby towns unawa ...
: The
Nevado del Ruiz
The Nevado del Ruiz (), also known as La Mesa de Herveo ( en, Mesa of Herveo, the name of the nearby town) is a volcano on the border of the departments of Caldas and Tolima in Colombia, about west of the capital city Bogotá. It is a stratov ...
volcano
A volcano is a rupture in the Crust (geology), crust of a Planet#Planetary-mass objects, planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and volcanic gas, gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface.
On Ear ...
erupts, killing an estimated 23,000 people, including 21,000 killed by
lahars, in the town of
Armero
Armero is a municipality in the Tolima Department, Colombia. According to the National Department of Statistics of Colombia, 12,852 lived in the town in 2005. Its median temperature is 27 °C. It was founded in 1895, but was not officia ...
,
Colombia.
*
November 19
Events Pre-1600
* 461 – Libius Severus is declared emperor of the Western Roman Empire. The real power is in the hands of the ''magister militum'' Ricimer.
* 636 – The Rashidun Caliphate defeats the Sasanian Empire at the Batt ...
–
Cold War: In
Geneva
, neighboring_municipalities= Carouge, Chêne-Bougeries, Cologny, Lancy, Grand-Saconnex, Pregny-Chambésy, Vernier, Veyrier
, website = https://www.geneve.ch/
Geneva ( ; french: Genève ) frp, Genèva ; german: link=no, Genf ; it, Ginevr ...
, U.S. President
Ronald Reagan and
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
leader
Mikhail Gorbachev meet for the first time.
*
November 20
Events Pre-1600
* 284 – Diocletian is chosen as Roman emperor.
* 762 – During the An Shi Rebellion, the Tang dynasty, with the help of Huihe tribe, recaptures Luoyang from the rebels.
* 1194 – Palermo is conquered by Henry ...
– Microsoft Corporation releases the first international release of
Windows 1.0
Windows 1.0 is the first major release of Microsoft Windows, a family of graphical operating systems for personal computers developed by Microsoft. It was first released to manufacturing in the United States on November 20, 1985, while the Euro ...
.
*
November 23
Events Pre-1600
* 534 BC – Thespis of Icaria becomes the first recorded actor to portray a character on stage.
* 1248 – Conquest of Seville by Christian troops under King Ferdinand III of Castile.
* 1499 – Pretender to the t ...
–
EgyptAir Flight 648
EgyptAir Flight 648 was a regularly scheduled international flight between Athens Ellinikon International Airport (Greece) and Cairo International Airport (Egypt). On 23 November 1985, a Boeing 737-200 airliner, registered SU-AYH, servicing the ...
is hijacked by the
Abu Nidal
Sabri Khalil al-Banna (May 1937 – 16 August 2002), known by his '' nom de guerre'' Abu Nidal, was the founder of Fatah: The Revolutionary Council, a militant Palestinian splinter group more commonly known as the Abu Nidal Organization ...
group and flown to
Malta
Malta ( , , ), officially the Republic of Malta ( mt, Repubblika ta' Malta ), is an island country in the Mediterranean Sea. It consists of an archipelago, between Italy and Libya, and is often considered a part of Southern Europe. It lies ...
, where
Egypt
Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Medit ...
ian commandos storm the plane; 60 are killed by gunfire and explosions.
*
November 25
Events Pre-1600
*571 BC – Servius Tullius, king of Rome, celebrates the first of his three triumphs for his victory over the Etruscans.
*1034 – Máel Coluim mac Cináeda, King of Scots, dies. His grandson, Donnchad, son of Bethó ...
–
1985 Aeroflot Antonov An-12 shoot-down: A Soviet
Aeroflot Antonov An-12 cargo airplane, en route from
Cuito Cuanavale
Cuito Cuanavale is a town and municipality in Cuando Cubango (Kuando-Kubango) province in Angola. The names Kuito Kuanavale or Kwito Kwanavale are sometimes used, although this is a mutation of the original Portuguese name.
It covers an area of ...
to
Luanda
Luanda () is the Capital (political), capital and largest city in Angola. It is Angola's primary port, and its major Angola#Economy, industrial, Angola#Culture, cultural and Angola#Demographics, urban centre. Located on Angola's northern Atl ...
, is shot down by
South African Special Forces and crashes approximately 43 km east of
Menongue
Menongue, formerly Serpa Pinto, is a town, a municipality, and the capital of Cuando Cubango Province in Angola. The municipality had a population of 320,914 in 2014. It is one of the four municipalities in Angola whose inhabitants are predominan ...
, the provincial center of the
Cuando Cubango Province
Cuando Cubango (Umbundu: Kwando Kubango Volupale) is a province of Angola and it has an area of 199,049km2 and a population of 534,002 in 2014. Menongue is the capital of the province. The governor of the province is José Martins, who was appoi ...
,
Angola
, national_anthem = " Angola Avante"()
, image_map =
, map_caption =
, capital = Luanda
, religion =
, religion_year = 2020
, religion_ref =
, coordina ...
, killing 8 crew members and 13 passengers on board.
*
November 29
Events Pre-1600
* 561 – Following the death of King Chlothar I at Compiègne, his four sons, Charibert I, Guntram, Sigebert I and Chilperic I, divide the Frankish Kingdom.
* 618 – The Tang dynasty scores a decisive victory over t ...
–
Gérard Hoarau
Gérard Hoarau (7 December 1950 – 29 November 1985) was an exiled opposition leader from Seychelles and was head of the Mouvement Pour La Resistance (MPR) that sought the peaceful overthrow of the France-Albert René regime which had come to po ...
, exiled political leader from the Seychelles, is assassinated in
London
London is the capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary dow ...
.
December
* December 1
** The Organization of Ibero-American States for Education, Science and Culture (Spanish: Organización e Estados Iberoamericanos para la Educación la Ciencia y la Cultura; OEI) is created.
** The Ford Taurus and Mercury Sable are released for sale to the public in the US.
* December 8 – The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is established.
* December 11 – Hugh Scrutton is killed outside his Sacramento, California computer rental store by a Unabomber explosive, becoming the first fatality of the bombing campaign.
* December 12 – Arrow Air Flight 1285, a Douglas DC-8, crashes after takeoff from Gander International Airport, Gander, Newfoundland, killing 256 people – 248 of whom were U.S. servicemen returning to Fort Campbell, Kentucky, after overseeing a peacekeeping force in the Sinai Peninsula.
* December 20 – Pope John Paul II announces the instituting of World Youth Day for Catholic youths.
* December 27
**Rome and Vienna airport attacks:
Abu Nidal
Sabri Khalil al-Banna (May 1937 – 16 August 2002), known by his '' nom de guerre'' Abu Nidal, was the founder of Fatah: The Revolutionary Council, a militant Palestinian splinter group more commonly known as the Abu Nidal Organization ...
terrorists open fire in the airports of Leonardo da Vinci–Fiumicino Airport, Rome and Vienna International Airport, Vienna, leaving 18 dead and 120 injured.
** American naturalist Dian Fossey is found brutally murdered in Rwanda.
Date unknown
* The fullerene Buckminsterfullerene (C
60) is first intentionally prepared by Harold Kroto, James R. Heath, Sean O'Brien, Robert Curl and Richard Smalley at Rice University in the US.
* DNA is first used in a criminal case.
* The 1983–85 famine in Ethiopia continues;
USA for Africa
United Support of Artists for Africa (USA for Africa) was the name under which 47 predominantly U.S.
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily locat ...
(''
We Are the World
"We Are the World" is a charity single originally recorded by the supergroup USA for Africa in 1985. It was written by Michael Jackson and Lionel Richie and produced by Quincy Jones and Michael Omartian for the album '' We Are the World''. Wi ...
'') and
Live Aid raise funds for famine relief.
* The Union for Aromanian Language and Culture, an Aromanians, Aromanian cultural organization, is founded in Freiburg im Breisgau by the Aromanian professor .
* Africa has a population growth of 3.2 percent per year.
World population
Births
January
![Simone Simons at ND Ateneo 2007 09](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Simone_Simons_at_ND_Ateneo_2007_09.JPG)
*
January 1
January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the yea ...
** Jeff Carter, Canadian hockey player
** Steven Davis, Northern Irish footballer
* January 2
** Teng Haibin, Chinese gymnast
** Carla Juri, Swiss actress
** Heather O'Reilly, U.S. women's national soccer player
*
January 7 – Lewis Hamilton, British 7-Time Formula One world champion
* January 11 – Aja Naomi King, American actress
* January 16 – Sidharth Malhotra, Indian actor
* January 17
** Kangin, Korean singer (Super Junior)
** Simone Simons, Dutch metal singer (Epica (band), Epica)
* January 19
** Damien Chazelle, American film director and screenwriter
** Benny Feilhaber, Brazilian-born footballer
* January 21 – Aura Dione, Danish pop musician
* January 23 – Doutzen Kroes, Dutch supermodel
* January 25 – Tina Karol, Ukrainian singer
*
January 27 – Eric Radford, Canadian pair skater
*
January 28
Events Pre-1600
* 98 – On the death of Nerva, Trajan is declared Roman emperor in Cologne, the seat of his government in lower Germany.
* 814 – The death of Charlemagne, the first Holy Roman Emperor, brings about the accession ...
** J. Cole, American hip-hop musician and record producer
** Libby Trickett, Australian swimmer
* January 29
** Liu Chunhong, Chinese weightlifter
** Marc Gasol, Spanish basketball player
** Isabel Lucas, Australian actress
* January 31 – Kalomira, Greek-American singer and model
February
![Julia Volkova at TEC Continent 140920](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Julia_Volkova_at_TEC_Continent_140920.jpg)
*
February 5 – Cristiano Ronaldo, Portuguese footballer
* February 6
** Joji Kato, Japanese speed skater
** Crystal Reed, American actress
* February 7
** Donald (singer), Donald Moatshe, South African musician
** Deborah Ann Woll, American actress
*
February 9
Events Pre-1600
* 474 – Zeno is crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
* 1003 – Boleslaus III is restored to authority with armed support from Bolesław I the Brave of Poland.
*1539 – The first recorded race is held ...
– David Gallagher, American actor
* February 15
** Luis Carlos Díaz, Venezuelan journalist
** Natalie Morales (actress), Natalie Morales, American actress
*
February 19
** Haylie Duff, American actress and singer
** Arielle Kebbel, American model and actress
* February 22 – Hameur Bouazza, Algerian footballer
* February 25
** Benji Marshall, New Zealand rugby league player
** Joakim Noah, American basketball player
*
February 28
** Fefe Dobson, Canadian pop and rock singer
** Jelena Janković, Serbian tennis player
** Diego Ribas da Cunha, Brazilian soccer player
March
![Sonequa Martin-Green 2019 (cropped)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Sonequa_Martin-Green_2019_%28cropped%29.jpg)
* March 2 – Patrick Makau Musyoki, Kenyan long-distance runner
*
March 3
Events Pre-1600
* 473 – Gundobad (nephew of Ricimer) nominates Glycerius as emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
* 724 – Empress Genshō abdicates the throne in favor of her nephew Shōmu who becomes emperor of Japan.
* 1575 & ...
– Alena and Ninel Karpovich, Belarusian twin sister musical duo, members of 3+2 (band), 3+2
* March 10 – Lassana Diarra, French footballer
*
March 11
Events Pre-1600
* 222 – Roman emperor Elagabalus is murdered alongside his mother, Julia Soaemias. He is replaced by his 14-year old cousin, Severus Alexander.
* 843 – Triumph of Orthodoxy: Empress Theodora II restores the ven ...
** Ajantha Mendis, Sri Lankan cricketer
** Hakuhō Shō, Mongolian wrestler, 69th Yokozuna
* March 13 – Emile Hirsch, American actor
*
March 15
Events Pre-1600
*474 BC – Roman consul Aulus Manlius Vulso celebrates an ovation for concluding the war against Veii and securing a forty years' truce.
* 44 BC – The assassination of Julius Caesar takes place.
* 493 – Odo ...
** Antti Autti, Finnish snowboarder
** Andriy Honchar, retired Ukrainian professional footballer
** Kellan Lutz, American fashion model and actor
*
March 18
Events Pre-1600
* 37 – Roman Senate annuls Tiberius' will and proclaims Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ''(aka Caligula = Little Boots)'' emperor.Tacitus, ''Annals'' V.10.
* 1068 – An earthquake in the Levant and the Ara ...
– Bianca King, Filipina actress and model
*
March 21
Events Pre-1600
* 537 – Siege of Rome: King Vitiges attempts to assault the northern and eastern city walls, but is repulsed at the Praenestine Gate, known as the ''Vivarium'', by the defenders under the Byzantine generals Bessas an ...
– Sonequa Martin-Green, American actress
* March 22 – Jakob Fuglsang, Danish cyclist
* March 24 – Sayaka Hirano, Japanese table tennis player
* March 26
** Matt Grevers, American Olympic swimmer
** Stéphane Séjourné, French lawyer and politician
** Jonathan Groff, American actor, singer and dancer
** Keira Knightley, English actress
* March 27 – Ram Charan, Indian film actor
* March 31 – Jessica Szohr, American actress
April
![Rallye Deutschland 2017 (Latvala-0764)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Rallye_Deutschland_2017_%28Latvala-0764%29.jpg)
* April 2 – Stéphane Lambiel, Swiss figure skater
* April 3
** Leona Lewis, British pop musician
** Jari-Matti Latvala, Finnish racing driver
* April 4
** Rudy Fernández (basketball), Rudy Fernández, Spanish professional basketball player
** Ricardo Vilar, Brazilian footballer
* April 6 – Frank Ongfiang, Cameroonian footballer
* April 7 – Ariela Massotti, Brazilian actress
* April 8 – Yemane Tsegay, Ethiopian marathon runner
* April 9 – Tomohisa Yamashita, Japanese singer and actor
* April 10 – Wang Meng (speed skater), Wang Meng, Chinese short track skater
*
April 12
Events Pre-1600
* 240 – Shapur I becomes co-emperor of the Sasanian Empire with his father Ardashir I.
* 467 – Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
* 627 – King Edwin of Northumbria is converted to ...
** Olga Seryabkina, Russian pop musician
** Hitomi Yoshizawa, Japanese singer and actress
* April 13 – Carmen Carrera, American model
* April 16 – Benjamín Rojas, Argentine singer and actor
* April 17
** Rooney Mara, American film and television actress
** Luke Mitchell, Australian actor and model
** Jo-Wilfried Tsonga, French tennis player
* April 18
** Łukasz Fabiański, Polish footballer
** Elena Temnikova, Russian pop singer
*
April 19
Events Pre-1600
* AD 65 – The freedman Milichus betrays Piso's plot to kill the Emperor Nero and all the conspirators are arrested.
* 531 – Battle of Callinicum: A Byzantine army under Belisarius is defeated by the Persi ...
– Zhang Xi (beach volleyball), Zhang Xi, Chinese beach volleyball player
* April 22
** Kristin Fairlie, Canadian actress
** Camille Lacourt, French swimmer
* April 30 – Gal Gadot, Israeli actress and model
May
![CareyMulligan-Aug-2012](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/CareyMulligan-Aug-2012.JPG)
* May 2
** Lily Allen, British pop musician
** Kyle Busch, American race car driver
** Alexander Galimov, Russian hockey player (d. 2011)
** Sarah Hughes, American figure skater
*
May 4
Events Pre-1600
* 1256 – The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV issues a papal bull ''Licet ecclesiae catholicae''.
* 1415 – Religious reformers John Wycliffe and Jan Hus ar ...
– Fernandinho (footballer, born May 1985), Fernandinho, Brazilian footballer
*
May 5
Events Pre-1600
* 553 – The Second Council of Constantinople begins.
*1215 – Rebel barons renounce their allegiance to King John of England — part of a chain of events leading to the signing of the Magna Carta.
*1260 – Kub ...
– P. J. Tucker, American basketball player
* May 6 – Chris Paul, American basketball player
* May 7 – J Balvin, Colombian reggaeton singer, in Medellín
* May 8 – Silvia Stroescu, Romanian artistic gymnast
*
May 11 – Jadyn Wong, Canadian actress
* May 12 – Dániel Tőzsér, Hungarian footballer
* May 14
** Lina Esco, American actress, producer and activist
** Sally Martin, New Zealand actress
** Zack Ryder, American professional wrestler
*
May 15
Events Pre-1600
* 221 – Liu Bei, Chinese warlord, proclaims himself emperor of Shu Han, the successor of the Han dynasty.
* 392 – Emperor Valentinian II is assassinated while advancing into Gaul against the Frankish usurper Arbog ...
** Cristiane (footballer), Cristiane, Brazilian footballer
** Tathagata Mukherjee, Indian actor
*
May 16 – Andrew Keenan-Bolger, American actor, writer and director
* May 17
** Derek Hough, American dancer, choreographer and musician, six-time winner of ''Dancing with the Stars (U.S. TV series), Dancing with the Stars''
** Christine Nesbitt, Canadian speed skater
* May 18 – Oliver Sin, Hungarian painter
* May 20 – Chris Froome, Kenyan-born British road racing cyclist
* May 21
** Mutya Buena, British urban singer (Sugababes)
** Mark Cavendish, Manx-born road racing cyclist
** Kano (British musician), Kano, British rapper, songwriter and actor
* May 22 – Chrissie Chau, Hong Kong model
* May 23 – Kanyeria, Kenyan music producer
*
May 25
Events Pre-1600
* 567 BC – Servius Tullius, the king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victory over the Etruscans.
*240 BC – First recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet.
* 1085 – Alfonso VI of Castile takes Tol ...
** Luciana Abreu, Portuguese pop singer and actress
** Lauren Frost, American actress and singer
** Roman Reigns, American professional wrestler
*
May 26
Events Pre-1600
* 17 – Germanicus celebrates a triumph in Rome for his victories over the Cherusci, Chatti, and other German tribes west of the Elbe.
* 451 – Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sasanian Empire tak ...
– Ashley Vincent, English footballer
* May 27 – Chien-Ming Chiang, Taiwanese baseball player
* May 28
** Colbie Caillat, American musician
** Carey Mulligan, British actress
*
May 31
Events Pre-1600
* 455 – Emperor Petronius Maximus is stoned to death by an angry mob while fleeing Rome.
* 1223 – Mongol invasion of the Cumans: Battle of the Kalka River: Mongol armies of Genghis Khan led by Subutai defeat K ...
– Zoraida Gómez, Mexican actress
June
![Codyrhodes](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/62/Codyrhodes.jpg)
* June 1 – Tirunesh Dibaba, Ethiopian athlete
* June 3 – Nikolai Bondarenko, Russian politician and blogger
*June 4
** Evan Lysacek, American figure skater
** Lukas Podolski, German footballer
** Bar Refaeli, Israeli model and occasional actress
* June 7 – Richard Thompson (athlete), Richard Thompson, Trinidadian sprinter
* June 8 – Joel Dommett, English comedian and television presenter
* June 9 – Sonam Kapoor, Indian actress and model
* June 10 – Andy Schleck, Luxembourgish road cyclist
* June 11 – Dmitry Koldun, Belarusian singer
* June 12 – Dave Franco, American actor, voice actor, and filmmaker
*
June 15
Events Pre-1600
* 763 BC – Assyrians record a solar eclipse that is later used to fix the chronology of Mesopotamian history.
* 844 – Louis II is crowned as king of Italy at Rome by pope Sergius II.
* 923 – Battle of So ...
– Nadine Coyle, Irish singer
* June 17
** Kateryna Handziuk, Ukrainian politician (d. 2018)
** Marcos Baghdatis, Cypriot tennis player
* June 18 – Alex Hirsch, American animator and voice actor
*
June 20 – Darko Miličić, Serbian basketball player
* June 21 – Lana Del Rey, American pop musician
*
June 24
Events Pre-1600
*1312 BC – Mursili II launches a campaign against the Kingdom of Azzi-Hayasa.
* 109 – Roman emperor Trajan inaugurates the Aqua Traiana, an aqueduct that channels water from Lake Bracciano, northwest of Rome. ...
– Krunoslav Simon, Croatian basketball player
* June 25 – Scott Brown (footballer, born June 1985), Scott Brown, Scottish footballer
* June 26
** Arjun Kapoor, Indian actor
** Ogyen Trinley Dorje, Tibetan Buddhist spiritual leader
*
June 27
Events Pre-1600
* 1358 – The Republic of Ragusa is founded.
*1497 – Cornish rebels Michael An Gof and Thomas Flamank are executed at Tyburn, London, England.
* 1499 – Americo Vespucci, on Spanish financed trip, sights coa ...
** James Hook (rugby union), James Hook, Welsh rugby union player
** Svetlana Kuznetsova, Russian tennis player
** Nico Rosberg, German 2016 Formula 1 world champion
* June 28 – Ahmed Kantari, Moroccan footballer
* June 30
** Michael Phelps, American swimmer
** Cody Rhodes, American professional wrestler
July
![Oculus 11 (9779849003)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Oculus_11_%289779849003%29.jpg)
*
July 1
** Sebalter, Swiss pop musician and fiddle player
** Léa Seydoux, French actress
* July 2
** Gábor Máthé (tennis), Gábor Máthé, Hungarian Deaflympic Champion in tennis
** Pak Nam-chol (footballer, born 1985), Pak Nam-chol, North Korean footballer
** Ashley Tisdale, American actress, singer and producer
** Vlatko Ilievski, Macedonian singer and actor (d. 2018)
* July 5 – François Arnaud (actor), François Arnaud, French-Canadian actor
* July 6 – Ranveer Singh, Bollywood actor
* July 7
** Pong Escobal, Filipino basketball player
** Langton Rusere, Zimbabwean cricket umpire
** Seo Woo, Korean actress
* July 9
** Cathy Leung, Hong Kong singer
** Ashley Young, English footballer
*
July 10
Events Pre-1600
* 138 – Emperor Hadrian of Rome dies of heart failure at his residence on the bay of Naples, Baiae; he is buried at Rome in the Tomb of Hadrian beside his late wife, Vibia Sabina.
* 645 – Isshi Incident: Prin ...
** Mario Gómez, German footballer
** Park Chu-young South Korean footballer
* July 11 – Lilian Marijnissen, Dutch politician
* July 12
** Emil Hegle Svendsen, Norwegian biathlete
** Natasha Poly, Russian model
*
July 13
Events Pre-1600
* 1174 – William I of Scotland, a key rebel in the Revolt of 1173–74, is captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to Henry II of England.
* 1249 – Coronation of Alexander III as King of Scots.
*1260 – The Livon ...
** Charlotte Dujardin, English dressage rider
** Guillermo Ochoa, Mexican footballer
** Andrew Wolff, Filipino-British rugby player
* July 14
** Oleksandr Pyatnytsya, Ukrainian javelin thrower
** Lee Kwang-soo, South Korean actor, entertainer and model
* July 15
** Pedro Carvalho (actor), Pedro Carvalho, Portuguese actor
** Igor Jurković, Croatian heavyweight kickboxer
**Tomer Kapon, Israeli actor
**Agniya Kuznetsova, Russian actress
**Crowd Lu, Taiwanese singer-songwriter and actor
**Chris Tiu, Filipino professional basketball player, TV host, commercial model, and politician
* July 16
** Cha Ye-ryun, South Korean actress
** Yōko Hikasa, Japanese actress
** Rosa Salazar, American actress
* July 17
** Tom Fletcher, British musician
** Caitlin Van Zandt, American actress
* July 18
** Hopsin, American rapper and record producer
** James Norton (actor), James Norton, British actor
** Chace Crawford, American actor
*
July 19
Events Pre-1600
*AD 64 – The Great Fire of Rome causes widespread devastation and rages on for six days, destroying half of the city.
* 484 – Leontius, Roman usurper, is crowned Eastern emperor at Tarsus (modern Turkey). He is ...
– LaMarcus Aldridge, American basketball player
*
July 20
Events Pre-1600
* 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus, son of emperor Vespasian, storms the Fortress of Antonia north of the Temple Mount. The Roman army is drawn into street fights with the Zealots.
* 792 – Kardam of Bulgaria defea ...
– John Francis Daley, American television and film actor
* July 21 – Guillaume Bastille, Canadian short track speed skater
* July 22
** Jessica Abbott, Australian swimmer
** Ryan Dolan, Irish singer
** Takudzwa Ngwenya, Zimbabwean-American rugby player
** Akira Tozawa, Japanese wrestler
* July 25
** James Lafferty, American actor
** Shantel VanSanten, American actress and model
** Nelson Piquet Jr., Brazilian Formula One and NASCAR driver
*
July 27
Events Pre-1600
* 1054 – Siward, Earl of Northumbria, invades Scotland and defeats Macbeth, King of Scotland, somewhere north of the Firth of Forth.
* 1189 – Friedrich Barbarossa arrives at Niš, the capital of Serbian King Ste ...
– Lou Taylor Pucci, American actor
* July 30 – Elena Gheorghe, Romanian singer
* July 31 – Allie X, Canadian singer, songwriter and visual artist
August
![Secretary Pompeo Meets With Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman (32862953548) (cropped)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Secretary_Pompeo_Meets_With_Saudi_Crown_Prince_Mohammed_bin_Salman_%2832862953548%29_%28cropped%29.jpg)
*
August 2 – Davey Boy Smith Jr., Canadian professional wrestler
* August 3
** Sonny Bill Williams, New Zealand rugby league and rugby union player and boxer
** Georgina Haig, Australian actress
* August 4 – Crystal Bowersox, American singer-songwriter
* August 5 – Salomon Kalou, Ivorian footballer
* August 8 – Toby Flood, English rugby union player
* August 9
** Anna Kendrick, American actress
** Filipe Luís, Brazilian footballer
* August 11
** Asher Roth, American rapper
** Jacqueline Fernandez, Bahraini–Sri Lankan actress
*
August 12
Events Pre-1600
*1099 – First Crusade: Battle of Ascalon Crusaders under the command of Godfrey of Bouillon defeat Fatimid forces led by Al-Afdal Shahanshah. This is considered the last engagement of the First Crusade.
* 1121 – B ...
– África Zavala, Mexican actress
*
August 14 – Shea Weber, Canadian ice hockey player
* August 15
** Emily Kinney, American actress, singer, and songwriter
** Nipsey Hussle, American rapper (d. 2019)
* August 16
** Arden Cho, American actress, singer and model
** Cristin Milioti, American actress and singer
* August 17 – Evgeny Konobry, Russian professional ice hockey player
* August 21
** Melissa M, French singer
** Laura Haddock, English actress
* August 27 – Kayla Ewell, American actress
* August 30
** Eamon Sullivan, Australian swimmer
** Leisel Jones, Australian swimmer
** Éva Risztov, Hungarian Olympic Champion swimmer
* August 31 – Mohammed bin Salman, Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia.
September
![Hasan Minhaj 2013 (cropped)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Hasan_Minhaj_2013_%28cropped%29.jpg)
*
September 1
Events Pre-1600
*1145 – The main altar of Lund Cathedral, at the time seat of the archiepiscopal see of all the Nordic countries, is consecrated.
*1173 – The widow Stamira sacrifices herself in order to raise the siege of Ancona b ...
– Camile Velasco, Filipina-American actress
* September 2 – Allison Miller, American actress
* September 4
** Raúl Albiol, Spanish footballer
** Ri Kwang-chon, North Korean footballer
** Walid Mesloub, Algerian footballer
* September 7
** Radhika Apte, Indian film and theatre actress
** Alyona Lanskaya, Belarusian singer
** Rafinha (footballer, born 1985), Rafinha, Brazilian football player
* September 8
** Vanessa Baden, American actress, writer, director, and producer
** Denny Morrison, Canadian speed skater
* September 9
** Lior Eliyahu, Israeli basketball player
** Amy Manson, British actress
** Luka Modrić, Croatian football player
** J. R. Smith, American basketball player
* September 10 – Monica Lopera, Colombian-American actress
* September 12 – Headhunterz, Dutch DJ and music producer
* September 14 – Aya Ueto, Japanese actress
* September 15 – Iselin Steiro, Norwegian model
* September 16
** Madeline Zima, American actress
** Max Minghella, English actor
** Danny Fernandes, Canadian singer
* September 17 – Alexander Ovechkin, Russian hockey player
*
September 19
Events Pre-1600
* 85 – Nerva, suspected of complicity of the death of Domitian, is declared emperor by Senate. The Senate then annuls laws passed by Domitian and orders his statues to be destroyed.
* 634 – Siege of Damascus: Th ...
** Alun Wyn Jones, Welsh rugby union player
*
September 20
Events Pre-1600
*1058 – Agnes of Poitou and Andrew I of Hungary meet to negotiate about the border territory of Burgenland.
*1066 – At the Battle of Fulford, Harald Hardrada defeats earls Morcar and Edwin.
*1187 – Saladin b ...
– Tessanne Chin, Jamaican singer, winner of The Voice (U.S. TV series), The Voice The Voice (U.S. season 5), season 5
*
September 22
Events Pre-1600
* 904 – The warlord Zhu Quanzhong kills Emperor Zhaozong, the penultimate emperor of the Tang dynasty, after seizing control of the imperial government.
* 1236 – The Samogitians defeat the Livonian Brothers of th ...
– Tatiana Maslany, Canadian actress
*
September 23 – Maki Goto, Japanese singer and actress
* September 24 – Jessica Lucas, Canadian actress
* September 26 – Marcin Mroziński, Polish actor, singer and television presenter
* September 28 – Shindong, Korean singer
* September 29
** Calvin Johnson, retired American football player and contestant on Dancing with the Stars (U.S. TV series), Dancing with the Stars season 23
** Dani Pedrosa, Spanish motorcycle racer
* September 30 – T-Pain, American singer-songwriter, rapper, record producer and actor
October
![Ciara AMAs 2019](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Ciara_AMAs_2019.png)
* October 2 – Mzwandile Ndzimandze, Eswatini international footballer
* October 5 – Nicola Roberts, British singer
*
October 7
Events Pre-1600
* 3761 BC – The epoch reference date (start) of the modern Hebrew calendar.
* 1403 – Venetian–Genoese wars: The Genoese fleet under a French admiral is defeated by a Venetian fleet at the Battle of Modon.
* 1477 ...
– Evan Longoria, American professional baseball player
* October 8 – Bruno Mars, American singer-songwriter and music producer
* October 9 – Sam Oji, English footballer (d. 2021)
* October 10
** Marina Diamandis, Welsh singer-songwriter
** Kyle Switzer, Canadian actor
* October 11
** Lee Min-hye, South Korean racing cyclist (d. 2018)
** Margaret Berger, Norwegian electropop singer-songwriter
** Michelle Trachtenberg, American actress
* October 14 – Sherlyn, Mexican actress
*
October 16
Events Pre-1600
* 456 – Ricimer defeats Avitus at Piacenza and becomes master of the Western Roman Empire.
* 690 – Empress Wu Zetian ascends to the throne of the Tang dynasty and proclaims herself ruler of the Chinese Empire.
* ...
– Casey Stoner, Australian motorcycle racer
* October 20 – Jennifer Freeman, American actress
* October 23
** Chris Neal, English footballer
** Masiela Lusha, Albanian-American actress, poet, and humanitarian
* October 24 – Wayne Rooney, English footballer
*
October 25
Events Pre-1600
* 285 (or 286) – Execution of Saints Crispin and Crispinian during the reign of Diocletian, now the patron saints of leather workers, curriers, and shoemakers.
* 473 – Emperor Leo I acclaims his grandson Leo II a ...
– Ciara, African-American singer
* October 26 – Andrea Bargnani, Italian professional basketball player
* October 27 – Briana Lane, American actress and musician
* October 28 – Troian Bellisario, American actress
* October 29 – Ximena Sariñana, Mexican singer and actress
* October 31 – Kerron Clement, American hurdler and sprinter
November
![Kaley Cuoco by Gage Skidmore](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Kaley_Cuoco_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg)
* November 2 – Diana Penty, Indian model and actress
* November 3 – Philipp Tschauner, German footballer
* November 8 – Jack Osbourne, English television personality
* November 10
** Johana Clavel, Venezuelan cook and entrepreneur
* November 11
** Raquel Guerra, Portuguese singer and actress
** Robin Uthappa, Indian cricketer
*
November 13
Events Pre-1600
* 1002 – English king Æthelred II orders the killing of all Danes in England, known today as the St. Brice's Day massacre.
*1093 – Battle of Alnwick: in an English victory over the Scots, Malcolm III of Scotla ...
** Rahul Kohli, English actor
** Asdrúbal Cabrera, Venezuelan baseball player
** Simo-Pekka Olli, Finnish volleyball player
* November 14 – Thomas Vermaelen, Belgian footballer
* November 15 – Lily Aldridge, American model
* November 16 – Sanna Marin, Finnish politician, 46th Prime Minister of Finland
* November 18 – Allyson Felix, American sprinter
*
November 20
Events Pre-1600
* 284 – Diocletian is chosen as Roman emperor.
* 762 – During the An Shi Rebellion, the Tang dynasty, with the help of Huihe tribe, recaptures Luoyang from the rebels.
* 1194 – Palermo is conquered by Henry ...
** Aaron Yan, Taiwanese actor and singer
** Dan Byrd, American actor
* November 21 – Carly Rae Jepsen, Canadian singer-songwriter
* November 22 – Asamoah Gyan, Ghanaian football player
*
November 23
Events Pre-1600
* 534 BC – Thespis of Icaria becomes the first recorded actor to portray a character on stage.
* 1248 – Conquest of Seville by Christian troops under King Ferdinand III of Castile.
* 1499 – Pretender to the t ...
** Katie Crown, Canadian voice actress and writer
** Ahn Hyun-Soo, South Korean short track skater
*
November 25
Events Pre-1600
*571 BC – Servius Tullius, king of Rome, celebrates the first of his three triumphs for his victory over the Etruscans.
*1034 – Máel Coluim mac Cináeda, King of Scots, dies. His grandson, Donnchad, son of Bethó ...
– Marcus Hellner, Swedish cross-country skier
* November 27 – Alison Pill, Canadian actress
* November 28 – Magdolna Rúzsa, Hungarian singer
* November 30
** Gia Crovatin, American actress and producer
** Kaley Cuoco, American actress and producer
** Chrissy Teigen, American model
December
![Dulce Maria Teleton 3](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Dulce_Maria_Teleton_3.jpg)
* December 1 – Janelle Monáe, African-American R&B/soul musician
* December 2 – Amaury Leveaux, French swimmer
* December 3 – Amanda Seyfried, American actress, model and singer-songwriter
* December 4 – Krista Siegfrids, Finnish singer
* December 5 – Frankie Muniz, American actor, musician, writer, producer, and race car driver
* December 6 – Dulce María, Mexican singer and actress
* December 7 – Jon Moxley, American professional wrestler
* December 8 – Dwight Howard, American basketball player
* December 9 – Wil Besseling, Dutch golfer
* December 10 – Raven-Symoné, African-American actress, singer, songwriter, executive producer, and director
* December 12 – Juan Camilo Zúñiga, Colombian footballer
* December 16 – Amanda Setton, American actress
* December 19 – Gary Cahill, English footballer
* December 22 – Edurne, Spanish singer, actress, and TV presenter
* December 23 – Harry Judd, English drummer
* December 26
** Yu Shirota, Japanese actor and singer
** Beth Behrs, American actress
* December 27
** Jérôme d'Ambrosio, Belgian racing driver
** Jessica Harmon, Canadian actress
** Paul Stastny, Canadian-American professional ice hockey player
Deaths
January
![Gromov Mihail Mihajlovich 1934](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Gromov_Mihail_Mihajlovich_1934.jpg)
* January 2 – Gabriel Elorde, Filipino professional boxer (b. 1935)
* January 4 – Sir Brian Horrocks, British general (b. 1895)
* January 5 – Robert Surtees (cinematographer), Robert L. Surtees, American cinematographer (b. 1906)
* January 11 – William McKell, Sir William McKell, 12th Governor-General of Australia (b. 1891)
* January 14
** Jetta Goudal, Dutch actress (b. 1891)
** Anagarika Govinda, German buddhist lama (b. 1898)
* January 18 – Mahmoud Mohammed Taha, Sudanese religious thinker (b. 1909)
* January 19 – Eric Voegelin, German-American philosopher (b. 1901)
* January 22 – Mikhail Gromov (aviator), Mikhail Gromov, Soviet aviator (b. 1899)
* January 26 – Kenny Clarke, American jazz drummer and bandleader (b. 1914)
February
![Efrem Zimbalist with violin (cropped)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Efrem_Zimbalist_with_violin_%28cropped%29.jpg)
*
February 4 – Jesse Hibbs, American film director (b. 1906)
* February 6 – Neil McCarthy (actor), Neil McCarthy, English actor (b. 1932)
* February 8
** William Lyons, British automobile engineer and designer (b. 1901)
** Marvin Miller (actor), Marvin Miller, American actor (b. 1913)
* February 11 – Henry Hathaway, American film director (b. 1898)
* February 12 – Nicholas Colasanto, American actor (b. 1924)
*
February 20 – Clarence Nash, American actor (b. 1904)
* February 21
** Ina Claire, American actress (b. 1893)
** Louis Hayward, British actor (b. 1909)
** John G. Trump, American electrical engineer, inventor, and physicist (b. 1907)
* February 22
** Efrem Zimbalist, Russian-American violinist (b. 1889)
** Alexander Scourby, American film, television, and voice actor (b. 1913)
* February 26 – Tjalling Koopmans, Dutch economist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1910)
* February 27
** Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., American politician (b. 1902)
** J. Pat O'Malley, English actor (b. 1904)
March
![PIC 1-M-878-202 Berlin 1936 Shot put Hans Woellke Gerhard Stock Sulo Barlund](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/PIC_1-M-878-202_Berlin_1936_Shot_put_Hans_Woellke_Gerhard_Stock_Sulo_Barlund.jpg)
*
March 3
Events Pre-1600
* 473 – Gundobad (nephew of Ricimer) nominates Glycerius as emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
* 724 – Empress Genshō abdicates the throne in favor of her nephew Shōmu who becomes emperor of Japan.
* 1575 & ...
– Iosif Shklovsky, Soviet astronomer and astrophysicist (b. 1916)
* March 7 – George Schick, Czechoslovakian conductor and music educator (b. 1908)
*
March 8
Events Pre-1600
* 1010 – Ferdowsi completes his epic poem ''Shahnameh''.
*1126 – Following the death of his mother, queen Urraca of León, Alfonso VII is proclaimed king of León.
* 1262 – Battle of Hausbergen between bou ...
– Edward Andrews, American actor (b. 1914)
* March 10
** Konstantin Chernenko, Soviet politician, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (b. 1911)
** Bob Nieman, American baseball player (b. 1927)
*
March 11
Events Pre-1600
* 222 – Roman emperor Elagabalus is murdered alongside his mother, Julia Soaemias. He is replaced by his 14-year old cousin, Severus Alexander.
* 843 – Triumph of Orthodoxy: Empress Theodora II restores the ven ...
** Tom Adams (politician), Tom Adams, Barbadosian politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Barbados (b. 1931)
** Nazem Akkari, Lebanese politician, 19th Prime Minister of Lebanon (b. 1902)
* March 12 – Eugene Ormandy, Hungarian-American conductor (b. 1899)
* March 13 – Mabel Alvarez, American painter (b. 1891)
*
March 15
Events Pre-1600
*474 BC – Roman consul Aulus Manlius Vulso celebrates an ovation for concluding the war against Veii and securing a forty years' truce.
* 44 BC – The assassination of Julius Caesar takes place.
* 493 – Odo ...
– Radha Krishna Choudhary, Indian historian (b. 1921)
*
March 16
Events Pre-1600
* 934 – Meng Zhixiang declares himself emperor and establishes Later Shu as a new state independent of Later Tang.
*1190 – Massacre of Jews at Clifford's Tower, York.
* 1244 – Over 200 Cathars who refuse ...
– Roger Sessions, American composer (b. 1896)
*
March 21
Events Pre-1600
* 537 – Siege of Rome: King Vitiges attempts to assault the northern and eastern city walls, but is repulsed at the Praenestine Gate, known as the ''Vivarium'', by the defenders under the Byzantine generals Bessas an ...
– Sir Michael Redgrave, British actor (b. 1908)
* March 23
** Doctor Richard Beeching, Chairman of British Rail (b. 1913)
** Zoot Sims, American jazz saxophonist (b. 1925)
* March 28 – Marc Chagall, Russian-born painter (b. 1887)
* March 29
** The Singing Nun (Jeannine Deckers), Belgian nun and singer (b. 1933)
** Gerhard Stock, German Olympic athlete (b. 1911)
* March 30 – Shizuko Kasagi, Japanese singer (b. 1914)
* March 31
** Michel Georges-Michel, French painter, journalist, novelist (b. 1883)
** Richard McKeon, American philosopher (b. 1900)
April
![Tancredo Neves, 1983](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Tancredo_Neves%2C_1983.jpg)
* April 4 – Kate Roberts (author), Kate Roberts, Welsh-language author (b. 1891)
* April 5 – Paul Hugh Emmett, American chemical engineer (b. 1900)
* April 6 – Terence Sanders, British Olympic rower – coxless fours (b. 1901)
* April 7 – Carl Schmitt, German jurist, political theorist and professor of law (b. 1888)
* April 10 – Alfredo Duhalde, Chilean statesman (b. 1898)
* April 11 – Enver Hoxha, Albanian Communist politician, leader of the Party of Labour of Albania, Party of Labour 22nd Prime Minister of Albania (b. 1908)
* April 14 – Noele Gordon, British actress (b. 1919)
*
April 15
Events Pre-1600
* 769 – The Lateran Council ends by condemning the Council of Hieria and anathematizing its iconoclastic rulings.
* 1071 – Bari, the last Byzantine possession in southern Italy, is surrendered to Robert Guiscar ...
– Jack Medica, American Olympic swimmer (b. 1914)
* April 16 – Scott Brady, American actor (b. 1924)
* April 17 – Evadne Price, Australian-British writer, actress and astrologer (b. 1888)
* April 18 – Gertrude Caton–Thompson, English archaeologist (b. 1888)
*
April 19
Events Pre-1600
* AD 65 – The freedman Milichus betrays Piso's plot to kill the Emperor Nero and all the conspirators are arrested.
* 531 – Battle of Callinicum: A Byzantine army under Belisarius is defeated by the Persi ...
– Sergei Aleksandrovich Tokarev, Russian ethnologist (b. 1899)
*
April 21
** John Welsh (actor), John Welsh, Irish actor (b. 1914)
**
Tancredo Neves
Tancredo de Almeida Neves () (4 March 1910 – 21 April 1985) was a Brazilian politician, lawyer, and entrepreneur. He served as Minister of Justice and Interior Affairs from 1953 to 1954, Prime Minister from 1961 to 1962, Minister of Financ ...
, Brazilian elected president and former Prime Minister of Brazil, Prime Minister (b. 1910)
* April 26 – Albert Maltz, American screenwriter, one of the Hollywood Ten (b. 1908)
May
![Samdech Penn Nouth (1947)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Samdech_Penn_Nouth_%281947%29.jpg)
* May 1 – Denise Robins, (akas: Francesca Wright, Ashley French, Harriet Gray, Julia Kane) British romance novelist (b. 1897)
*
May 4
Events Pre-1600
* 1256 – The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV issues a papal bull ''Licet ecclesiae catholicae''.
* 1415 – Religious reformers John Wycliffe and Jan Hus ar ...
– Clarence Wiseman, the 10th General of The Salvation Army (b. 1907)
*
May 5
Events Pre-1600
* 553 – The Second Council of Constantinople begins.
*1215 – Rebel barons renounce their allegiance to King John of England — part of a chain of events leading to the signing of the Magna Carta.
*1260 – Kub ...
– Sir Donald Bailey (civil engineer), Donald Bailey, British civil engineer (b. 1901)
* May 6
** Pete Desjardins, American Olympic diver (b. 1907)
** Julie Vega, Filipino child actress and singer (b. 1968)
* May 7 – Dawn Addams, British actress (b. 1930)
* May 8
** Karl Marx (composer), Karl Marx, German composer and music teacher (b. 1897)
** Theodore Sturgeon, American writer (b. 1918)
** Dolph Sweet, American actor (b. 1920)
*
May 9
Events Pre-1600
* 328 – Athanasius is elected Patriarch of Alexandria.
*1009 – Lombard Revolt: Lombard forces led by Melus revolt in Bari against the Byzantine Catepanate of Italy.
*1386 – England and Portugal formally rati ...
– Edmond O'Brien, American actor (b. 1915)
* May 10
** Tahar Ben Ammar, Tunisian politician, 8th Prime Minister of Tunisia (b. 1889)
** Florizel von Reuter, American violinist and composer (b. 1890)
* May 12 – Jean Dubuffet, French artist (b. 1901)
* May 13 – Leatrice Joy, American actress (b. 1893)
* May 14 – Barbara Yung, Hong Kong actress (b. 1959)
*
May 15
Events Pre-1600
* 221 – Liu Bei, Chinese warlord, proclaims himself emperor of Shu Han, the successor of the Han dynasty.
* 392 – Emperor Valentinian II is assassinated while advancing into Gaul against the Frankish usurper Arbog ...
– Rama Devi (Orissa politician), Rama Devi, Indian nationalist leader (b. 1889)
*
May 16 – Margaret Hamilton (actress), Margaret Hamilton, American actress (b. 1902)
* May 18 – Penn Nouth, Cambodian politician, 7-time Prime Minister of Cambodia (b. 1906)
* May 19 – Maqbular Rahman Sarkar, Bangladeshi academic (b. 1928)
* May 22
** Charles Murphy (architect), Charles Murphy, American architect. (b. 1890)
** Wolfgang Reitherman, German animator, director and producer (b. 1909)
June
![Haruo Ignacio Remeliik (cropped)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/Haruo_Ignacio_Remeliik_%28cropped%29.jpg)
* June 5 – George Brown, Baron George-Brown, Lord George-Brown, British politician (b. 1914)
*
June 6
** Norman W. Walker, British businessman (b. 1886)
** Vladimir Jankélévitch, French philosopher and musicologist (b. 1903)
* June 7
** Georgia Hale, American actress (b. 1905)
* June 9 – Clifford Evans (actor), Clifford Evans, British actor (b. 1912)
** Matsutarō Kawaguchi, Japanese novelist (b. 1899)
* June 10 – George Chandler, American actor (b. 1898)
* June 11 – Karen Ann Quinlan, American right-to-die cause célèbre (b. 1954)
* June 12 – Helmuth Plessner, German philosopher and sociologist (b. 1892)
*
June 15
Events Pre-1600
* 763 BC – Assyrians record a solar eclipse that is later used to fix the chronology of Mesopotamian history.
* 844 – Louis II is crowned as king of Italy at Rome by pope Sergius II.
* 923 – Battle of So ...
** Percy Fender, English cricketer (b. 1892)
** Andy Stanfield, American Olympic athlete (b. 1927)
* June 17
**George Jackson (footballer, born 1893), George Jackson, English footballer (b. 1893)
** Boulting brothers, John Boulting, English filmmaker (b. 1913)
**Kirill Moskalenko, Soviet military commander (b. 1902)
* Either June 18 or June 19 - Bonnie Nettles, American religious leader (b. 1927)
* June 21 – Tage Erlander, Swedish politician, 25th Prime Minister of Sweden (b. 1901)
*
June 27
Events Pre-1600
* 1358 – The Republic of Ragusa is founded.
*1497 – Cornish rebels Michael An Gof and Thomas Flamank are executed at Tyburn, London, England.
* 1499 – Americo Vespucci, on Spanish financed trip, sights coa ...
– Elias Sarkis, Lebanese lawyer, 27th President of Lebanon (b. 1924)
* June 28 – James Craig (actor), James Craig, American actor (b. 1912)
* June 30 – Haruo Remeliik, Palauan politician, 1st President of Palau (b. 1933)
July
![Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F062164-0004, Bonn, Heinrich Böll (cropped)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F062164-0004%2C_Bonn%2C_Heinrich_B%C3%B6ll_%28cropped%29.jpg)
*
July 1 – Pauli Murray, American civil rights activist, lawyer, author and priest (b. 1910)
* July 3 – Erik Ågren (boxer), Erik Ågren, Swedish boxer (b. 1916)
* July 4 – Jan de Quay, Dutch politician and psychologist, 31st Prime Minister of the Netherlands (b. 1901)
* July 8
** Phil Foster, American actor (b. 1913)
** Simon Kuznets, American economist (b. 1901)
* July 9
** Jimmy Kinnon, Scottish founder of Narcotics Anonymous (b. 1911)
** Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (b. 1896)
* July 14 – Lluís Solé, Spanish geographer and academic (b. 1908)
* July 16 – Heinrich Böll, German writer, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1917)
* July 17 – Margo (actress), Margo, Mexican-born American actress (b. 1917)
*
July 19
Events Pre-1600
*AD 64 – The Great Fire of Rome causes widespread devastation and rages on for six days, destroying half of the city.
* 484 – Leontius, Roman usurper, is crowned Eastern emperor at Tarsus (modern Turkey). He is ...
** Janusz Zajdel, Polish writer (b. 1938)
** Louisa Ghijs, Belgian stage actress and wife of Johannes Heesters (b. 1902)
* July 21 – Alvah Cecil Bessie, American screenwriter, one of the Hollywood Ten (b. 1904)
* July 22 – Matti Järvinen, Finnish Olympic athlete (b. 1909)
* July 23
** Kay Kyser, American bandleader (b. 1905)
** Mickey Shaughnessy, American actor (b. 1920)
* July 25 – Grant Williams (actor), Grant Williams, American actor (b. 1931)
* July 26 – Grace Albee, American printmaker and wood engraver. (b. 1890)
*
July 27
Events Pre-1600
* 1054 – Siward, Earl of Northumbria, invades Scotland and defeats Macbeth, King of Scotland, somewhere north of the Firth of Forth.
* 1189 – Friedrich Barbarossa arrives at Niš, the capital of Serbian King Ste ...
– John Scarne, American magician and card expert (b. 1903)
August
![Frank Macfarlane Burnet](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5b/Frank_Macfarlane_Burnet.jpg)
* August 1 – D. H. Turner, British art historian and museum curator (b. 1931)
*
August 2 – Frank Faylen, American actor (b. 1905)
* August 5 – Arnold Horween, Harvard Crimson and NFL football player (b. 1898)
* August 6
** Forbes Burnham, Guyanese political leader, 1st Prime Minister of Guyana and 2nd President of Guyana (b. 1923)
** John Harmon (actor), John Harmon, American actor (b. 1905)
* August 8 – Louise Brooks, American actress (b. 1906)
* August 9 – Clive Churchill, Australian rugby league player and coach (b. 1927)
* August 10 – Kenny Baker (American performer), Kenny Baker, American actor and singer (b. 1912)
*August 11 – Hector Grey, Scottish street trader and company director (b. 1904)
*
August 12
Events Pre-1600
*1099 – First Crusade: Battle of Ascalon Crusaders under the command of Godfrey of Bouillon defeat Fatimid forces led by Al-Afdal Shahanshah. This is considered the last engagement of the First Crusade.
* 1121 – B ...
** Kyu Sakamoto, Japanese singer (b. 1941)
** Manfred Winkelhock, German racing driver (b. 1951)
*
August 14 – Gale Sondergaard, American actress (b. 1899)
* August 15 – Lester Cole, American screenwriter, one of the Hollywood Ten (b. 1904)
* August 20 – Donald O. Hebb, Canadian neuropsychologist (b. 1904)
*
August 22
Events Pre-1600
* 392 – Arbogast has Eugenius elected Western Roman Emperor.
* 851 – Battle of Jengland: Erispoe defeats Charles the Bald near the Breton town of Jengland.
*1138 – Battle of the Standard between Scotland a ...
– Paul Peter Ewald, German-born American crystallographer and physicist (b. 1888)
* August 24 – Morrie Ryskind, American dramatist (b. 1895)
*
August 25
Events Pre-1600
* 19 – The Roman general Germanicus dies near Antioch. He was convinced that the mysterious illness that ended in his death was a result of poisoning by the Syrian governor Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso, whom he had ordered to ...
** Paul Harris (actor), Paul Harris, American actor (b. 1917)
**
Samantha Smith
Samantha Reed Smith (June 29, 1972 – August 25, 1985) was an American peace activist and child actress from Manchester, Maine, who became famous for her anti-war outreaches during the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union. I ...
, American schoolgirl activist (b. 1972)
* August 28
** Ruth Gordon, American actress, screenwriter, and playwright (b. 1896)
** Miguel Otero Silva, Venezuelan writer (b. 1908)
* August 29
** Evelyn Ankers, British actress (b. 1918)
** Patrick Barr, British actor (b. 1908)
* August 30 – Taylor Caldwell, Anglo-American writer (b. 1900)
* August 31 – Macfarlane Burnet, Australian biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1899)
September
![Italo-Calvino](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Italo-Calvino.jpg)
*
September 1
Events Pre-1600
*1145 – The main altar of Lund Cathedral, at the time seat of the archiepiscopal see of all the Nordic countries, is consecrated.
*1173 – The widow Stamira sacrifices herself in order to raise the siege of Ancona b ...
** Stefan Bellof, German racing driver and 1984 World SportsCars (Group C) Champion (b. 1957).
** Saunders Lewis, Welsh writer and founder of the Welsh National Party (Plaid Cymru) (born 1893)
* September 4
** Isabel Jeans, British actress (b. 1891)
** George O'Brien (actor), George O'Brien, American actor (b. 1899)
*
September 6
Events Pre-1600
* 394 – Battle of the Frigidus: Roman emperor Theodosius I defeats and kills Eugenius the usurper. His Frankish ''magister militum'' Arbogast escapes but commits suicide two days later.
*1492 – Christopher Colu ...
– Rodney Robert Porter, English biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1917)
* September 7
** Bruiser Kinard, American football player (Brooklyn Dodgers (NFL), Brooklyn Dodgers) and a member of the Pro Football Hall of Fame (b. 1914)
** José Zabala-Santos, Filipino cartoonist (b. 1911)
** George Pólya, Hungarian mathematician (b. 1887)
* September 8 – John Franklin Enders, American scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1897)
* September 9 – Paul Flory, American chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1910)
* September 10
** Ernst Öpik, Estonian astronomer and astrophysicist (b. 1893)
** Jock Stein, Scottish football player and manager (b. 1922)
* September 11
** William Alwyn, English composer (b. 1905)
** Henrietta Barnett (WRAF officer), Henrietta Barnett, British Women's Royal Air Force (World War II), Women's Royal Air Force officer (b. 1905)
** Masako Natsume, Japanese actress (b. 1957)
*
September 13
Events Pre-1600
* 585 BC – Lucius Tarquinius Priscus, king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victories over the Sabines, and the surrender of Collatia.
* 509 BC – The Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus on Rome's Capitoline Hi ...
– Augusto Hamann Rademaker Grünewald, Augusto Rademaker, Brazilian admiral and former military junta member (b. 1905)
* September 14
** Julian Beck, American actor (b. 1925)
** John Holt (educator), John Holt, American writer and educator (b. 1923)
* September 17 – Laura Ashley, Welsh designer (b. 1925)
*
September 19
Events Pre-1600
* 85 – Nerva, suspected of complicity of the death of Domitian, is declared emperor by Senate. The Senate then annuls laws passed by Domitian and orders his statues to be destroyed.
* 634 – Siege of Damascus: Th ...
– Italo Calvino, Italian writer (b. 1923)
*
September 22
Events Pre-1600
* 904 – The warlord Zhu Quanzhong kills Emperor Zhaozong, the penultimate emperor of the Tang dynasty, after seizing control of the imperial government.
* 1236 – The Samogitians defeat the Livonian Brothers of th ...
– Axel Springer, German journalist and the founder and owner of the Axel Springer AG (b. 1912)
* September 27 – Lloyd Nolan, American actor (b. 1902)
* September 30
** Floyd Crosby, American cinematographer (b. 1899)
** Charles Francis Richter, American seismologist and physicist, creator of the Richter magnitude scale (b. 1900)
** Simone Signoret, French actress (b. 1921)
October
![Welles-Draft-1943 (cropped)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Welles-Draft-1943_%28cropped%29.jpg)
*
October 1
Events Pre-1600
* 331 BC – Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela.
* 366 – Pope Damasus I is consecrated.
* 959 – Edgar the Peaceful becomes king of all England, in succession to Eadw ...
– E. B. White, American writer (b. 1899)
* October 2
** Rock Hudson, American actor (b. 1925)
** George Savalas, American actor (b. 1924)
* October 5 – Abdus Sattar (president), Abdus Sattar, Bangladeshi statesman, 8th President of Bangladesh (b. 1906)
* October 6 – Nelson Riddle, American bandleader (b. 1921)
* October 9 – Emílio Garrastazu Médici, Brazilian general and statesman, 28th President of Brazil (b. 1905)
* October 10
** Yul Brynner, Russian actor (b. 1920)
** Orson Welles, American actor and director (b. 1915)
* October 12 – Ricky Wilson (American musician), Ricky Wilson, American guitarist (b. 1953)
* October 13 – Francesca Bertini, Italian actress (b. 1892)
* October 14 – Emil Gilels, Soviet pianist (b. 1916)
* October 17 – Abdelmunim Al-Rifai, Prime Minister of Jordan (b. 1917)
* October 21 – Dan White, American politician and murderer (Moscone–Milk assassinations) (b. 1946)
* October 22 – Thomas Townsend Brown, American inventor (b. 1905)
* October 24 – László Bíró, Hungarian inventor of the ballpoint pen (b. 1899)
* October 29 – John Davis Lodge, American actor and politician (b. 1903)
November
![Juan Arvizu](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Juan_Arvizu.jpg)
* November 1
** Ōuchiyama Heikichi, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1926)
** Phil Silvers, American entertainer (b. 1911)
* November 5
** Spencer W. Kimball, president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1895)
** Arnold Chikobava, Georgian linguist (b. 1898)
*
November 6
Events Pre-1600
* 447 – A powerful earthquake destroys large portions of the Walls of Constantinople, including 57 towers.
* 963 – Synod of Rome: Emperor Otto I calls a council at St. Peter's Basilica in Rome. Pope John XII is ...
– Sanjeev Kumar, Indian actor (b. 1937)
* November 8 – Nicolas Frantz, Luxembourgian cyclist (b. 1899)
*
November 9 – Marie-Georges Pascal, French actress (b. 1946)
* November 11
** James Hanley (novelist), James Hanley, British novelist, playwright and writer (b. 1897)
** Pelle Lindbergh, Swedish Professional Hockey goaltender (b. 1959)
** Arthur Rothstein, American photographer (b. 1915)
*
November 13
Events Pre-1600
* 1002 – English king Æthelred II orders the killing of all Danes in England, known today as the St. Brice's Day massacre.
*1093 – Battle of Alnwick: in an English victory over the Scots, Malcolm III of Scotla ...
** William Pereira, American architect (b. 1909)
** George Robert Vincent, American sound recording pioneer (b. 1898)
* November 14 – Wellington Koo, Chinese statesman (b. 1888)
* November 16 – John Sparkman, American politician (b. 1899)
* November 17
** Lon Nol, Cambodian general and statesman, 32nd Prime Minister of Cambodia and 7th President of Cambodia, President of Khmer Republic (b. 1913)
** Ritz Brothers, Jimmy Ritz, American actor (b. 1904)
*
November 19
Events Pre-1600
* 461 – Libius Severus is declared emperor of the Western Roman Empire. The real power is in the hands of the ''magister militum'' Ricimer.
* 636 – The Rashidun Caliphate defeats the Sasanian Empire at the Batt ...
** Juan Arvizu, Mexican operatic tenor and bolero vocalist (b. 1900)
** Stepin Fetchit, American actor (b. 1902)
* November 24 – Big Joe Turner, American blues singer (b. 1911)
*
November 25
Events Pre-1600
*571 BC – Servius Tullius, king of Rome, celebrates the first of his three triumphs for his victory over the Etruscans.
*1034 – Máel Coluim mac Cináeda, King of Scots, dies. His grandson, Donnchad, son of Bethó ...
– Geoffrey Grigson, British poet, writer, critic (b. 1905)
* November 27 – Fernand Braudel, French historian (b. 1902)
* November 28 – Johnny McNally, American football player, member of the Pro Football Hall of Fame (b. 1903)
December
![Decca Records Rick Nelson 1966](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Decca_Records_Rick_Nelson_1966.jpg)
* December 2 – Philip Larkin, English poet and novelist (b. 1922)
* December 7
** Robert Graves, English writer (b. 1895)
** Potter Stewart, American Supreme Court Justice (b. 1915)
* December 12
** Anne Baxter, American actress (b. 1923)
** Ian Stewart (musician), Ian Stewart, Scottish rock musician (b. 1938)
** Phil Karlson, American film director (b. 1908)
* December 14 – Roger Maris, American baseball player (New York Yankees) (b. 1934)
* December 15
** Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, 1st Prime Minister of Mauritius (b. 1900)
** Carlos Romulo, Filipino diplomat (b. 1899)
* December 16 – Paul Castellano, American Mafia boss (b. 1915)
* December 20 – Coral Buttsworth, Australian tennis champion (b. 1900)
* December 22 – D. Boon, American singer, songwriter and guitarist (b. 1958)
* December 23
** Ferhat Abbas, Algerian nationalist, 1st president of the Provisional Government of the Algerian Republic (b. 1899)
** Prince Bira, Prince of Siam and Formula One driver (b. 1914)
* December 24 – Erich Schaedler, Scottish footballer (b. 1949)
* December 26 – Dian Fossey, American biologist (b. 1932)
* December 27
** Harry Hopman, Australian tennis player and coach (b. 1906)
** Harold Whitlock, British Olympic athlete (b. 1903)
* December 28 – Renato Castellani, Italian director (b. 1913)
* December 31
** Ricky Nelson, American actor and musician (b. 1940)
** Sam Spiegel, Polish-born film producer (b. 1903)
Date unknown
* Andrej Bicenko, Russian fresco painter and muralist (b. 1886)
* Kaare Bratung, Norwegian cartoonist (b. 1906)
* Hamlet Gonashvili, Georgian singer (b. 1928)
Nobel Prizes
* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Klaus von Klitzing
* Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Herbert A. Hauptman, Jerome Karle
* Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Claude Simon
* Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War
* Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, Economics – Franco Modigliani
* Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine – Michael Stuart Brown, Joseph L. Goldstein
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:1985
1985,