1982 Pacific Typhoon Season

The 1982 Pacific typhoon season had no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1982. On average, most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between May and November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. The scope of this article is limited to the Pacific Ocean, north of the equator and west of the International Date Line. Storms that form east of the date line and north of the equator are called hurricanes.

Tropical Storms that formed in the entire west Pacific basin were assigned a name by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Tropical depressions that enter or form in the Philippine area of responsibility are assigned a name by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration or PAGASA. This can often result in the same storm having two names.

During this season, the first tropical cyclone formed on March 16, and the last one dissipated on December 12. A total of 29 tropical depressions formed this year in the Western Pacific, of which 25 became tropical storms. 19 storms reached typhoon intensity, of which 2 reached super typhoon strength. Two-thirds of the tropical cyclones formed between July and October. Typhoon Pamela was the longest-lived tropical cyclone of the season. Sixteen of the cyclones struck land during their life cycles, with eight moving through the Philippines. Tropical cyclones accounted for 35 percent of the 1982 rainfall across Hong Kong, their fifth wettest tropical cyclone contribution on record at the time. Nearly half of the deaths during the season were the result of Typhoon Nancy moving through the Philippines and Vietnam in October.

Seasonal activity

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from:01/12/1982 till:31/12/1982 text:December

A total of 37 tropical depressions formed this year in the Western Pacific, of which 26 became tropical storms. 19 storms reached typhoon intensity, of which 2 reached super typhoon strength. Three tropical cyclones formed in March (most active since 1967,) one in May, three in June, four in July, five in August, six in September, four in October, one in November, and one in December. Typhoon Pamela (Aning) was the longest-lived tropical cyclone of the season. Sixteen tropical cyclones made landfall, with eight moving through the Philippines, four striking China, three impacting Vietnam, and three crossing Japan. Tropical cyclones accounted for 35 percent of the 1982 rainfall across Hong Kong, their fifth wettest tropical cyclone contribution on record at the time.

Tropical Storm Mamie moved across the tropical western Pacific Ocean, striking the Philippines and Vietnam during mid to late March. Nelson formed soon after Mamie, becoming the first typhoon of the season which subsequently moved westward through the southern Philippines before dissipating shy of Vietnam in late March. Odessa formed well out to sea, wandering across the western Pacific before dissipating in early April, ending the most active March since 1967. Pat formed in mid May, approaching the Philippines before becoming an extratropical cyclone offshore Japan late in the month. Ruby wandered around the Marianas in late June, becoming an extratropical cyclone east of Japan.

Tess became the first tropical cyclone of the season to form in the South China Sea during late June, weakening before reaching Taiwan in early July. The Japanese Meteorological Agency states that Val was a continuation of Tess, which moved east-northeast from Taiwan to the south of Japan in early July.Digital Typhoon (2008)
Typhoon 198206 (TESS/VAL).
Digital Typhoon. Retrieved on 2008-10-31. Skip formed ahead of Tess, moving east-northeast well to the south of Japan in late June and early July. Winona moved west-northwest through the northern Philippines across Hainan Island into southern China before dissipating in mid July. Andy formed south of Guam, moving west-northwest across Taiwan into southern China in late July. Bess formed within the same monsoon trough which spawned Andy, moving generally northwest into Japan early in August.

Cecil formed northeast of the Philippines, moving northward offshore Taiwan and eastern China before moving ashore North Korea in mid-August. Dot formed east of Cecil, moving west-northwest into southern Taiwan and southeast China in mid-August. Ellis formed well east of the Philippines in mid-August, recurving northward into southern Japan late in the month. Faye wandered aimlessly between the central Philippines and Taiwan during late August and early September, steered partially by Gordon to its east-northeast. Gordon recurved offshore Japan during late August and early September.

Tropical Storm Hope moved through the South China Sea into Vietnam in early September. Irving moved across the central Philippines and Hainan Island before dissipating in southeast China in mid-September. Judy formed in the same monsoon trough which spawned Irving, recurving across central Japan during mid-September. Ken formed northeast of the Philippines in mid-September, recurving across southern Japan in late September. Tropical Storm Lola formed and recurved well east of Asia in mid-September. Tropical Depression 22 was a short lived system which moved northwestward east of the Philippines and south of Japan on September 21 and 22. Mac was the first super typhoon to form during the season, recurving southeast of Japan in early October.

Nancy was a straight-running typhoon which moved steadily westward across the northern Philippines south of Hainan Island into northern Vietnam. Tropical Depression 25 behaved similarly to Tropical Depression 22, moving northwest well east of the Philippines and south of Japan in mid October. Typhoon Owen meandered well to the southeast of Japan in mid and late October. Pamela moved generally westward across the central Philippines as a typhoon in early December. Roger was the last tropical cyclone of the season, and it moved northward along the northeast side of the Philippines in mid December before dissipating southeast of Taiwan.

Systems

Severe Tropical Storm Mamie (Akang)

The first system of the season was first noted in the Philippine Sea on March 7 just south of the equator. Over the next five days, the system drifted northward across the equator until a convective disturbance organized near Truk Atoll. On March 15, the JMA designated the system as a tropical depression, and a day later upgraded it to a tropical storm. The JTWC named it Tropical Storm Mamie based on reports from the hurricane hunters. Mamie moved westward for its duration due to a strong ridge to the north. On March 19, the storm strengthened and briefly developed an eyewall just before moving ashore the eastern Philippines in Mindanao. The JMA and JTWC estimated peak winds of and , respectively. Mamie weakened over land and emerged into the South China Sea on March 21. Mamie failed to re-intensify as it turned northwest and back to the west. Midday on March 24, Mamie made landfall in Nha Trang and subsequently weakened rapidly inland over mountainous terrain. The JMA stopped tracking its remnants that evening, with the JTWC following suit at 00:00 UTC on March 25.

The Philippine province of Surigao del Sur bore the brunt of the tropical storm, and 117 people died throughout the country, while eight others were injured. Floods killed 13 people in Bukidnon, In Surigao, 28 people were killed and 41 were reported missing, including 14 aboard a speedboat offshore Bislig. Most of the deaths were due to falling debris. Throughout the archipelago, eight people were injured by the tropical storm. Nationwide, the cyclone damaged 11,147 homes and demolished 1,880 others, and leaving 15,654 people displaced from their home, most of whom ended up in evacuation centers. Power lines were knocked down, which left many communities isolated. Property damage totaled $100 million 1982 USD, including $40 million from private and government buildings.

Typhoon Nelson (Bising)

This storm was the second of three early season, low latitude systems to form to the southeast of Guam. Nelson intensified rapidly from a tropical disturbance into a tropical storm. This was due to very strong divergence aloft. Strong low level easterlies and rapid westward movement led to slower development thereafter. After March 22, forward motion began to slow and intensification resumed. Maximum intensity was reached on March 25. On March 27, Nelson moved through the south-central Philippines and rapidly weakened. Fifty-six perished across the Philippines from this typhoon.

Slight intensification resumed as the center emerged into the South China Sea. By March 30, upper level wind shear led to significant weakening, with the low level center becoming exposed and eventually dissipating on April 1 about east of Nha Trang, Vietnam.

Typhoon Odessa

An area of disorganized thunderstorms was noted near 2N 159E on March 26. Moving northwest due to significant cyclogenesis offshore Japan, a circulation center developed within this convective cluster over the next few days. By the afternoon of March 29, it had matured into a tropical storm. A mid-level trough extended southwest towards the cyclone. Combined with strong ridging building in north to northwest of the storm, Odessa ceased moving northwest and turned east at around during March 30 and March 31. As the mid-level trough continued moving east, Odessa turned back to the north, and eventually west-northwest, as ridging built in north of the cyclone. After the change in course to west, intensification resumed, and the system reached typhoon strength in the afternoon of April 2. As Odessa peaked in strength a weakness in the subtropical ridge lured its convection northeast, shearing the thunderstorms away from the center. Rapid weakening ensued, and the cyclone dissipated on the afternoon of April 4.

The occurrence of this cyclone ended the most active March for tropical cyclone formation in the northwest Pacific Ocean since 1967. Odessa was unique from a climatological standpoint, moving east and west in an area normally known for northward moving tropical cyclones in March.

Typhoon Pat (Klaring)

Typhoon Pat became the lone tropical cyclone in the western Pacific basin during the two-month interval between Odessa's dissipation and the formation of Ruby. The disturbance which led to Pat's formation developed southwest of Guam on May 14. By May 17 the system had organized sufficiently to become a tropical depression. Moving westward until the afternoon of May 18, Pat abruptly changed course to the north through a break in the subtropical ridge parallel and close to the Philippines. Rapid intensification ensued, with Pat reaching its maximum intensity late on May 21. As the cyclone turned to the northeast, vertical wind shear began to weaken the cyclone. Its wind field broadened as it began extratropical transition. By midday on May 23, Pat had evolved into an extratropical cyclone along a frontal boundary with cool, dry air wrapping into its center. The cyclone became absorbed by a larger system near Japan on May 24.

Typhoon Ruby

A blob of thunderstorms was noticed about southeast of Guam on June 18. It tracked westward, without significant development until June 20 while passing south of Ulithi Atoll. Steering currents collapsed, and the system drifted between Ulithi and Yap for the next couple of days. By the morning of June 21, the system had strengthened into a tropical storm. The system drifted north to northwest, then northeast towards Guam. Ruby waited to detach from the monsoon trough before further strengthening was realized on June 23. Steady intensification ensued, and the cyclone accelerated northward, becoming a typhoon on the afternoon of June 24. Ruby became an extratropical cyclone on June 27, occluding and becoming nearly stationary east of Hokkaidō for several days. Two vessels with a collective crew of 42 people became stranded off the coast of Honshu during the typhoon. The 19 crew of the ''No. 10 Soichi-Maru'' were rescued while the 23 members on the ''No. 8 Takojima-Maru'' remained missing.

Heavy rains fell near the path of this cyclone. Yap Island received of rainfall. Koror, within Palau, recorded of rain. Anderson Air Force Base on Guam measured of rain.

Tropical Storm Tess–Val (Deling)

The initial disturbance formed in the South China Sea in late June as a monsoon depression. A weak low-level circulation formed on June 27, but convection remained far from the center. By June 29, convection had become nearer to the center and it qualified as a tropical depression. No additional development was seen through June 30 as the system moved northward. The cyclone turned east-northeast, paralleling the coast of China. When tropical storm force winds were observed in Hong Kong, the cyclone was upgraded to a tropical storm late on June 30. Winds gusted to at Tate's Cairn, and of rain fell from the cyclone. Quickly weakening back to a tropical depression early on July 1, Tess dissipated as it approached the Formosa Strait.

The Japanese Meteorological Agency states that Val was a continuation of Tess, which moved east-northeast from Taiwan to the south of Japan in early July. Its circulation center moved along a frontal-like band east of Taiwan on July 1. Isolated convection was seen near the low pressure center at the time. When deeper convection formed on July 3, Val was deemed to become a tropical storm. In the Joint Typhoon Warning Center write-up, it was considered a subtropical cyclone after the fact. The cyclone accelerated northeast, and by July 4 whatever central convection it once had was gone and it was considered an extratropical cyclone late that morning.

Tropical Storm Skip

Skip formed from a tropical disturbance near 20N 124E on June 26. A sharp trough connected Ruby with Skip at this time, which was undergoing frontogenesis as Ruby became extratropical. By late morning on June 30, Skip was of tropical storm strength accelerating up the frontal boundary to its northeast with limited convection near its center, and was considered by the Joint Typhoon Warning center as a subtropical cyclone in its annual report. By July 2, what limited convection was near the center of Skip disappeared, and it became an extratropical cyclone.Joint Typhoon Warning Center (1983)
Chapter 3.
United States Navy. Retrieved on 2007-01-05.

Severe Tropical Storm Winona (Emang)

Moderate to strong northeasterly vertical wind shear hampered the development of this tropical cyclone throughout its life cycle. Between July 10 and July 12, its predecessor disturbance marched westward with little development. Observations from Yap late on July 12 verified the existence of a developing low-level center, and it was upgraded to a tropical depression at this time. Moving west-northwest along the southern periphery of the subtropical ridge, Winona made landfall on Luzon during the afternoon of July 15. Rainfall at Clark Air Force Base totaled . Damage to Clark Air Force Base totalled US$250,000 (1982 dollars). Two died and 5000 were left homeless in the Philippines were left homeless by the ensuing flood. Reintensifying in the South China Sea, the cyclone reached its peak intensity on the afternoon of July 16. Thereafter, wind shear took its toll and the cyclone began to weaken. The cyclone revealed an exposed low-level center on July 17, and the system dissipated before reaching the China/Vietnam coast on July 18. Winds gusted to at Tate's Cairn.

Tropical Depression Gading

Tropical Depression Heling

Typhoon Andy (Iliang)

The system formed on the northern edge of the monsoon trough south of Guam. Prior to its formation, low-level westerlies were firmly in place south of the 10th parallel eastward to the International Date Line. On July 20, the monsoon trough segmented, with the middle segment becoming Andy (Bess formed from the eastern segment). On July 22, the area south of Guam showed increasing thunderstorm activity and organization. That morning, it became a tropical storm. Andy's center briefly became exposed on July 23 before drifting back under the thunderstorm activity. After looping south of Guam, the cyclone moved northwest and strengthened. Andy turned westward near the 18th parallel on July 25 as the ridge to its northeast strengthened. The system became a strong typhoon for a prolonged period on July 28 and July 29 before striking southern Taiwan.

Heavy rains fell over Hong Kong, where fell at Tate's Cairn. A deluge fell across eastern Taiwan, where flood-related damage was concentrated. Continuing westward through the Formosa Strait, the storm made its final landfall and dissipated in southeast China on July 30. Andy led to 13 deaths across Taiwan.

Typhoon Bess

The monsoon trough spawned a tropical depression near Kwajalein on July 22. It headed northwestward, becoming a tropical storm on July 23 and a typhoon on July 24. A shortwave trough forced Bess southwestward where it remained a typhoon. It looped and stalled until another shortwave trough brought the typhoon to the northwest. Bess rapidly intensified to a super typhoon, and weakened steadily as it turned more northward. Bess crossed the Japanese coast on August 1 as a minimal typhoon, and was absorbed by a low pressure center in the Sea of Japan on August 2. Bess caused torrential mudslides in Japan, causing extensive damage and 95 casualties. The name Bess was retired after this season.

Typhoon Cecil (Loleng)

A low-level circulation north of Chuuk organized into a tropical depression on August 4. After moving quickly westward, the depression stalled on August 5 and August 6, allowing it to strengthen into a tropical storm and mature into a typhoon on August 7. The typhoon turned northward, rapidly intensifying to maximum sustained winds of on August 8 while east of Taiwan. Cooler water temperatures and vertical wind shear weakened Cecil as it continued northward, and as a tropical storm, it hit North Korea on August 14.

The outer rainbands of the typhoon lashed Taiwan with heavy rains, where fell in a 32-hour time span. A landslide killed 18 people in the Wugu District, where 4 people were rendered missing and 2,800 families were stranded. Flash flooding claimed one life and resulted in four others missing in Taoyuan. Overall, 19 people perished in the country. After passing Taiwan, rough seas near the Ryukyu Islands left the World Cosmos and Marvie in distress. Along mainland Japan, three people were killed and two others were wounded in Miyazaki Prefecture and Ōita Prefecture. In Hinokage, 2,100 homes lost electricity and 500 residents were evacuated from their home.

Across South Korea, the storm dumped of rain in some places, including in Sancheong County. These rains resulted in landslides in 10 provinces. Nationwide, 35 people were killed, 28 were missing, and 28 were hurt. Nearly 1,300 houses were flooded, leaving 6,200 people homeless. Sancheong County along with the city of Changwon were the hardest hit by the storm, where three mudslides killed nine people and left six missing. In all, damage in the country amounted to US$30 million.

Typhoon Dot (Miding)

A weak circulation formed near Kwajalein on August 5. Over the next couple days, the low moved northwest. Slowly developing, it became a tropical depression on the morning of August 9, and a tropical storm by evening. Becoming a typhoon on August 11, Dot moved westward under the base of the subtropical ridge. DOt peaked as an extremely strong category 1 typhoon, with and unusual low pressure of 960. By August 12, Cecil's outflow began to impact Dot, and weakening ensued, sending Dot back to the tropical storm stage. As Cecil's influence began to lessen on August 13, Dot stopped weakening. As a tropical storm, Dot rapidly passed over Taiwan on August 15, rapidly weakening over the mountainous island. As a weak tropical storm, Dot dissipated after making landfall in eastern China. As of 2005, Dot is the eighth wettest known typhoon for Hong Kong. It dropped of rainfall upon the region.

Typhoon Ellis (Oyang)

A disturbance appeared in the monsoon trough south of Ponape on August 15. Modest development ensued as it moved west-northwest, and the system was classified as a tropical depression on the morning of August 19, and a tropical storm that night. Turning to the northwest, Ellis became a typhoon on the morning of August 21, and ultimately a major typhoon on August 22. A mid-level trough moving into the Yellow Sea continued Ellis' recurvature. Soon after peaking as a lower-end category 4 cyclone, Ellis soon began to weaken in response to an eyewall replacement cycle that began to happen in Ellis. Moving east of Okinawa on August 25, the cyclone headed northward towards Japan, where it encountered colder waters, causing the system to weaken even further as Ellis struck Japan. Moving by Kyūshū, Shikoku, and Honshū, the cyclone degenerated into a tropical storm. Heavy rains up to inundated southwest Japan, bringing life to a standstill for the region. Five perished across Japan. Moving into the Sea of Japan on August 27, Ellis evolved into an extratropical cyclone which turned back to the northwest, ending up about west of Vladivostok.The extratropical cyclone then churned in the open area near Russia and Alaska, bringing some rains.

Prior to the approach of the typhoon, many residents of Nagasaki Prefecture evacuated their homes. Virtually all domestic flights to and from the islands of Kyushu and Shikoku were canceled, resulting in approximately 5,000 stranded customers. In Shikoku, 14,000 houses lost power. One person was killed in Kagoshima Prefecture and Miyazaki Prefecture each. Overall, 20 homes were destroyed, 985 houses were flooded, 6 bridges were washed away, and landslides occurred in 137 places, 19 of which occurred in Miyazaki, Kagoshima, and Ōita Prefectures, prompting 4,604 people to flee their homes in Miyazaki. Nationwide, five people were killed, two were wounded, and twenty-seven were wounded. Across South Korea, three people were killed and five were missing. Over 1,000 houses received damage, leaving more than 5,000 people homeless. Crops were flooded while roads and communication lines were cut across the eastern portion of the country.

Typhoon Faye (Norming)

On August 16, a weak tropical disturbance was moving towards the southern Philippines. Its low-level circulation was easily identified, since it was exposed, away from any deep convection. The system organized in the South China Sea, becoming a tropical depression by midday on August 21, a tropical storm that evening, and a typhoon on the night of August 22. A small cyclone, Faye moved northward on August 24 due to the weakening of a warm core ridge over China. By that evening, it reached its maximum intensity. On the morning of August 25, the cyclone strikes Luzon and rapidly weakens. Wallace Air Station reported gusts to during the passage of Faye. Thirty-two perished in the Philippines due to Faye.

Recurving to the northeast, Faye continued weakening due to vertical wind shear from Ellis, with dissipation as a tropical cyclone occurring on the afternoon of August 27. As a tropical depression, Faye moved east-northeast for a while before stalling between a mid-level trough and newly developed Tropical Storm Gordon. As Ellis retreated to the north, Faye began to reorganize with tropical storm status reattained on the morning of August 28 and typhoon status reached that night. Weakening began anew due to outflow from Typhoon Gordon, and the system became a tropical storm once more on the early morning of August 30. By August 31, a building ridge to Faye's north led to a southwest motion as the system continued to weaken. The cyclone became a tropical depression that evening, and drifted west for the next few days as an exposed low level circulation. The depression dissipated in the South China Sea on the afternoon of September 3.

Typhoon Gordon

The initial disturbance that led to Gordon's formation developed within the monsoon trough just west of the International Date Line. A surface circulation developed in associated with this convection on August 25 near 8N 163E. While upper ridging aloft existed, it was not until the following day that it developed directly over this disturbance. Moving northwest, rapid development began early on August 27, with tropical depression status achieved that morning and tropical storm intensity reached that afternoon. Gordon became a typhoon on the morning of August 28. By early on August 30, the cyclone reached its maximum intensity. A building ridge to its north directed Gordon westward until September 3, when its motion slowed. A shortwave trough deepened to its northwest, and the cyclone turned northward in response. By September 4, the cyclone was accelerating east to northeast, passing about southeast of Tokyo, and the storm became extratropical early on the afternoon of September 5.

Severe Tropical Storm Hope (Pasing)

A monsoon depression formed over the South China Sea on September 3. It deepened rapidly, becoming a tropical storm late on September 4. Moving quickly westward, it struck the coast of Vietnam south of Da Nang, then moved into the mountains of Laos and Vietnam as it rapidly dissipated. Significant flooding caused the evacuation of several thousand people and damaged the rice crop.

Typhoon Irving (Ruping)

An active monsoon trough was south of Guam. By late on September 4, a surface low was apparent near 11N 130E. Late the next day, it became a tropical depression while moving generally to the west. By the next morning, it had strengthened into a tropical storm. Late on September 8, the cyclone struck the southern tip of Luzon as a strong tropical storm. Moving through an inland sea route through the archipelago, Irving slightly weakened before turning northwest into the South China Sea. Irving became a compact typhoon while strengthening over open waters. Weakening back into a tropical storm due to land interaction with Hai-nan and mainland China, the system made landfall about northeast of Hanoi, then rapidly dissipated as it moved inland.

Across the Philippines, Irving battered a dozen provinces in the southern section of Luzon, toppling trees and ripping off rooftops. Moreover, the storm also uprooted trees, downed power and telephone lines, triggered landslides and forced the cancellation of several domestic airline flights on Thursday. Schools were closed. Irving damaged 7,890 houses in Albay