President of Israel
The president of the State of Israel ( he, נְשִׂיא מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, Nesi Medinat Yisra'el, or he, נְשִׂיא הַמְדִינָה, Nesi HaMedina, President of the State) is the head of state of Israel. The posi ...
–
Ephraim Katzir
Ephraim Katzir ( he, אפרים קציר, translit=Efrayim Katsir; – 30 May 2009) was an Israeli biophysics, biophysicist and Israeli Labor Party, Labor Party politician. He was the List of Presidents of Israel, fourth President of Israel fro ...
*
Prime Minister of Israel
The prime minister of Israel ( he, רֹאשׁ הַמֶּמְשָׁלָה, Rosh HaMemshala, Head of the Government, Hebrew acronym: he2, רה״מ; ar, رئيس الحكومة, ''Ra'īs al-Ḥukūma'') is the head of government and chief exec ...
Alignment
Alignment may refer to:
Archaeology
* Alignment (archaeology), a co-linear arrangement of features or structures with external landmarks
* Stone alignment, a linear arrangement of upright, parallel megalithic standing stones
Biology
* Structu ...
Shimon Agranat
Shimon Agranat ( he, שמעון אגרנט; September 5, 1906 – August 10, 1992) was an Israeli jurist and the third President of the Supreme Court of Israel, from 1965 until 1976.
Biography
Agranat was born to a Jewish-Zionist family in Louisv ...
Mordechai Gur
Mordechai "Motta" Gur ( he, מרדכי "מוטה" גור, May 6, 1930 – July 16, 1995) was an Israeli politician and the 10th Chief of Staff of the Israel Defense Forces. During the Six-Day War (1967), he commanded the brigade that penetrated ...
Yehoshua Ben-Zion
Yehoshua Ben-Zion (1924 – 2004) ( he, יהושע בן ציון) was an Israeli banker. He served as the managing director of Israel-British Bank. Following the collapse of the bank in July 1974, owing British investors £46.6 million, Ben-Zion ...
convicted of embezzling £20 million from the Israeli-British Bank which collapsed in July 1974 owing British investors £46.6 million. He was sentenced to 12 years in prison. Later, Ben-Zion was pardoned by the Israeli president after intervention of
Menachem Begin
Menachem Begin ( ''Menaḥem Begin'' (); pl, Menachem Begin (Polish documents, 1931–1937); ''Menakhem Volfovich Begin''; 16 August 1913 – 9 March 1992) was an Israeli politician, founder of Likud and the sixth Prime Minister of Israel. B ...
At Va'Ani
AT or at may refer to:
Geography Austria
* Austria (ISO 2-letter country code)
* .at, Internet country code top-level domain
United States
* Atchison County, Kansas (county code)
* The Appalachian Trail (A.T.), a 2,180+ mile long mountaino ...
” ("You and Me").
* 25 April – Leading Israeli pop star
Mike Brant
Mike Brant (born Moshe Michael Brand, he, משה מיכאל ברנד, 1 February 1947 – 25 April 1975) was an Israeli singer and songwriter who achieved fame after moving to France. His most successful hit was "Laisse-moi t'aimer" ("Let Me Lov ...
, who achieved world fame after moving to France, leaps to his death from a six store apartment in Paris.
* 4 September – The Sinai Interim Agreement is signed between Israel and
Egypt
Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediter ...
in
Geneva
Geneva ( ; french: Genève ) frp, Genèva ; german: link=no, Genf ; it, Ginevra ; rm, Genevra is the List of cities in Switzerland, second-most populous city in Switzerland (after Zürich) and the most populous city of Romandy, the French-speaki ...
Zionism
Zionism ( he, צִיּוֹנוּת ''Tsiyyonut'' after ''Zion'') is a Nationalism, nationalist movement that espouses the establishment of, and support for a homeland for the Jewish people centered in the area roughly corresponding to what is ...
with
racism
Racism is the belief that groups of humans possess different behavioral traits corresponding to inherited attributes and can be divided based on the superiority of one race over another. It may also mean prejudice, discrimination, or antagonism ...
. The resolution was eventually revoked by Resolution 46/86 on 16 December 1991. In the history of the UN, this is the only resolution that has ever been revoked.
* 25 November –
Israeli Air Force
The Israeli Air Force (IAF; he, זְרוֹעַ הָאֲוִיר וְהֶחָלָל, Zroa HaAvir VeHahalal, tl, "Air and Space Arm", commonly known as , ''Kheil HaAvir'', "Air Corps") operates as the aerial warfare branch of the Israel Defense ...
C-130H ''203/4X-FBO'', c/n 4533, crashes into mount
Jebel Halal
Jabal, Jabel, Jebel or Jibal may refer to:
People
* Jabal (name), a male Arabic given name
* Jabal (Bible), mentioned in the Hebrew Bible
Places
In Arabic, ''jabal'' or ''jebel'' (spelling variants of the same word) means 'mountain'.
* Dzhebel ...
, 55 kilometers south-southeast of
El Arish
ʻArish or el-ʻArīsh ( ar, العريش ' , ''Hrinokorura'') is the capital and largest city (with 164,830 inhabitants ) of the North Sinai Governorate of Egypt, as well as the largest city on the entire Sinai Peninsula, lying on the Mediter ...
, in the Israeli-administered
Sinai Peninsula
The Sinai Peninsula, or simply Sinai (now usually ) (, , cop, Ⲥⲓⲛⲁ), is a peninsula in Egypt, and the only part of the country located in Asia. It is between the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Red Sea to the south, and is a l ...
. Pilots were Shaul Bustan and Uri Manor.
Israeli–Palestinian conflict
The most prominent events related to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict which occurred during 1975 include:
Notable Palestinian militant operations against Israeli targets
The most prominent Palestinian Arab terror attacks committed against Israeli targets during 1975 include:
* 6 March –
Savoy Hotel Attack
The Savoy Hotel attack was a terrorist attack by the Palestine Liberation Organization against the Savoy Hotel in Tel Aviv, Israel, on 4–5 March 1975.
Background
The operation was planned by Abu Jihad.
Initial Palestinian planning had call ...
: eight
Al-Fatah
Fatah ( ar, فتح '), formerly the Palestinian National Liberation Movement, is a Palestinian nationalist social democratic political party and the largest faction of the confederated multi-party Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and s ...
commandos seize the Savoy Hotel in
Tel Aviv
Tel Aviv-Yafo ( he, תֵּל־אָבִיב-יָפוֹ, translit=Tēl-ʾĀvīv-Yāfō ; ar, تَلّ أَبِيب – يَافَا, translit=Tall ʾAbīb-Yāfā, links=no), often referred to as just Tel Aviv, is the most populous city in the G ...
after they rowed ashore to Israel from the Mediterranean Sea. 13 civilians were taken hostage. The Israeli counter-terrorism unit Sayeret Matkal stormed the hotel later in the day, killing seven of the eight militants. Five of the hostages were freed while eight hostages and three of the Israeli soldiers died in the operation.
* 3 May – The Israeli capital of
Jerusalem
Jerusalem (; he, יְרוּשָׁלַיִם ; ar, القُدس ) (combining the Biblical and common usage Arabic names); grc, Ἱερουσαλήμ/Ἰεροσόλυμα, Hierousalḗm/Hierosóluma; hy, Երուսաղեմ, Erusałēm. i ...
was struck by missiles for the first time, after two Czechoslovakian made
Katyusha rockets
The Katyusha ( rus, Катю́ша, p=kɐˈtʲuʂə, a=Ru-Катюша.ogg) is a type of rocket artillery first built and fielded by the Soviet Union in World War II. Multiple rocket launchers such as these deliver explosives to a target area ...
, fired by Arab guerillas, struck 500 meters from the Knesset parliament building."Arab Missiles Strike Center of Jerusalem", ''Sarasota Herald-Tribune'', 4 May 1975, p1
* 15 June – Kfar Yuval hostage crisis: a terror cell consisting of Palestinian Arab assailants from the Arab Liberation Front cross the border from
Lebanon
Lebanon ( , ar, لُبْنَان, translit=lubnān, ), officially the Republic of Lebanon () or the Lebanese Republic, is a country in Western Asia. It is located between Syria to the north and east and Israel to the south, while Cyprus li ...
and manage to infiltrate moshav Kfar Yuval in the night and enter one of the houses of the moshav. They kill one of the family members who tries to fight them and then hold the rest of the family members as hostages, demanding the release of Palestinian assailants held in Israeli prisons. A raid by an
IDF
IDF or idf may refer to:
Defence forces
* Irish Defence Forces
* Israel Defense Forces
*Iceland Defense Force, of the US Armed Forces, 1951-2006
* Indian Defence Force, a part-time force, 1917
Organizations
* Israeli Diving Federation
* Interac ...
infantry unit kills all four assailants. Two hostages and one soldier are also killed during the raid.
* 4 July –
Zion Square refrigerator bombing
On July 4, 1975, a Palestinian terrorist exploded a booby-trapped refrigerator which contained five kilograms of explosives inside an appliance store at Zion Square in the center of Jerusalem, killing 15 people and wounding 77. The attack
A Jewis ...
: A refrigerator that had five kilograms of explosives packed into its sides explodes on
Zion Square
Zion Square ( he, כיכר ציון, ''Kikar Tziyon'') is a public square in Jerusalem, located at the intersection of Jaffa Road, Ben Yehuda Street, Herbert Samuel Street, and Yoel Moshe Salomon Street.
The square is one of the vertices of ...
, a main square leading to Ben Yehuda Street and Jaffa Road,
Jerusalem
Jerusalem (; he, יְרוּשָׁלַיִם ; ar, القُدس ) (combining the Biblical and common usage Arabic names); grc, Ἱερουσαλήμ/Ἰεροσόλυμα, Hierousalḗm/Hierosóluma; hy, Երուսաղեմ, Erusałēm. i ...
. Fifteen people are killed and 77 injured in the attack. The
PLO
The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO; ar, منظمة التحرير الفلسطينية, ') is a Palestinian nationalist political and militant organization founded in 1964 with the initial purpose of establishing Arab unity and s ...
claims responsibility for the attack.
Notable Israeli military operations against Palestinian militancy targets
The most prominent Israeli military counter-terrorism operations (
military campaign
A military campaign is large-scale long-duration significant military strategy plan incorporating a series of interrelated military operations or battles forming a distinct part of a larger conflict often called a war. The term derives from the ...
Palestinian militants
Palestinian political violence refers to acts of violence perpetrated for political ends in relation to the State of Palestine or in connection with Palestinian nationalism. Common political objectives include self-determination in and sovereig ...
during 1975 include:
Unknown dates
* The founding of the
West Bank
The West Bank ( ar, الضفة الغربية, translit=aḍ-Ḍiffah al-Ġarbiyyah; he, הגדה המערבית, translit=HaGadah HaMaʽaravit, also referred to by some Israelis as ) is a landlocked territory near the coast of the Mediter ...
settlement of
Ma'ale Adummim
Ma'ale Adumim ( he, מַעֲלֵה אֲדֻמִּים; ar, معالي أدوميم) is an urban Israeli settlement organized as a city council in the West Bank, seven kilometers () east of Jerusalem. Ma'ale Adumim achieved city status in 1991 ...
.
Notable births
* 2 March – Muki, Israeli singer and rapper.
* 7 March –
Michal Amdursky
Michal Amdursky ( he, מיכל אמדורסקי; born in 1975) is an Israeli dancer and singer.
Biography
Michal Amdursky was married to Assaf Amdursky, with whom she has two children. She is one of the pioneers of the Israeli Dance Music genre. ...
, Israeli dancer and singer
* 12 March –
Tzachi Halevy
Tzachi Halevy (or Tsahi HaLevi, he, צחי הלוי; born March 12, 1975) is an Israeli film and television actor and a singer.
Early and personal life
Tzachi Halevy was born in Petah Tikva, Israel, to a Sephardic Jewish family.Adi Ashkenazi, Israeli actress and comedian.
* 3 April –
Nachshon Wachsman
The abduction and killing of Nachshon Wachsman was an incident in which Palestinian Hamas abducted Israeli soldier Nachshon Wachsman from the Bnei Atarot junction in central Israel, and held him hostage for six days. The incident ended in a fail ...
, kidnapped IDF soldier, killed during an attempted rescue operation (died 1994).
* 22 May –
Noa Tishby
Noa Tohar Tishby ( he, נועה טוהר תשבי; born May 1977) is an Israeli actress, writer, producer, and activist. As an actress, she appeared in a variety of American television shows and movies, including '' The Affair'', '' The Island' ...
, Israeli actress and activist.
* 17 June – Eli Finish, Israeli actor and comedian
* 8 July –
Skazi
Skazi is an Israeli EDM DJ formed in 1998, by Asher Swissa.
History
Skazi was formed in 1998 by Asher Swissa and Assaf Bivas, producing Soft Psy-Trance Electro Punk music.
Swissa began his musical career as a punk rocker in 1990, when he for ...
, Israeli psytrance DJ and a producer
* 28 July –
Ori Pfeffer
Ori Pfeffer ( he, אורי פפר; born July 28, 1975) is an Israeli actor. He starred as Detective Golan Cohen in the TV-series ''Dig'' and in the movie ''Hacksaw Ridge''.
Personal life
Pfeffer was born in Jerusalem, Israel. He served as ...
, Israeli actor
* 30 August –
Amir Benayoun
Amir Benayoun (Hebrew: עמיר בניון) (born on August 30, 1975) is an Israeli singer-songwriter.
Biography
Amir Benayoun was born in Beersheba to Maxim and Esther Benayoun who moved to Israel from Algeria. His father was an oud player. From ...
, Israeli singer-songwriter
* 16 September –
Gal Fridman
Gal Fridman (or Friedman, he, גל פרידמן; born September 16, 1975) is an Israeli windsurfer and Israel's first Olympic Games, Olympic gold medalist. Fridman won a bronze medal, Bronze Medal in the 1996 Summer Olympics, Atlanta 1996 Summer ...
, Israeli windsurfer and Olympic
gold medal
A gold medal is a medal awarded for highest achievement in a non-military field. Its name derives from the use of at least a fraction of gold in form of plating or alloying in its manufacture.
Since the eighteenth century, gold medals have bee ...
ist.
* 12 November – Nina Brosh, Israeli model and actress
Notable deaths
* 22 February – Mordechai Namir (born 1897), Russian (Ukraine)-born Israeli politician.
* 6 April – Ernst David Bergmann (born 1903), German-born Israeli nuclear scientist and chemist.
* 25 April –
Mike Brant
Mike Brant (born Moshe Michael Brand, he, משה מיכאל ברנד, 1 February 1947 – 25 April 1975) was an Israeli singer and songwriter who achieved fame after moving to France. His most successful hit was "Laisse-moi t'aimer" ("Let Me Lov ...
(born 1947), Israeli singer, committed suicide.
* 18 June –
Hugo Bergmann
Hugo Bergmann (Hebrew: שמואל הוגו ברגמן; December 25, 1883 – June 18, 1975) was an Israeli philosopher, born in Prague.
Biography
Hugo Samuel Bergmann was born and raised in Prague, Austria-Hungary. He was a member of the Pragu ...
(born 1883), Austro-Hungarian (Bohemia)-born German and Israeli Jewish philosopher.
* 11 August –
Rachel Katznelson-Shazar
Rachel Katznelson-Shazar ( he, רחל כצנלסון-שזר), also known as Rachel Shazar, (24 October 1885 – 11 August 1975) was an active figure in the Zionist movement. Her husband was Zalman Shazar, the third President of the State of Isra ...
(born 1885), Russian (Belarus)-born Zionist political figure and wife of third President of Israel.
* 12 August – Pinchas Sapir (born 1906), Russian (Poland)-born Israeli politician.
* 25 September –
Yehoshua Bar-Hillel
Yehoshua Bar-Hillel ( he, יהושע בר-הלל; 8 September 1915, in Vienna – 25 September 1975, in Jerusalem) was an Israeli philosopher, mathematician, and linguist. He was a pioneer in the fields of machine translation and formal linguisti ...
(born 1915), Austrian-born Israeli philosopher, mathematician, and linguist.
* ''Full date unknown''
**
Israel Reichart
Israel Reichert (Hebrew: ישראל רייכרט) (5 August 1891 – 22 May 1975) was a Polish-born Israeli agriculturist and biologist who established the field of phytopathology in Israel. He worked on the management of rusts and smuts of field a ...
(born 1891), Russian (Poland)-born Israeli agriculturist and biologist.
**
Moshe Zilberg
Moshe Zilberg ( he, משה זילברג) (1900–1975) was a leading Israeli jurist.
Biography
Zilberg was born on 16 September 1900 near Kaunas in Lithuania, then part of the Russian Empire. He studied at various yeshivot, including Kelm, Mir ...
(born 1900), Russian (Lithuania)-born leading Israeli jurist.