The 1969 Glasgow Gorbals by-election was a parliamentary by-election held on 30 October 1969 for the

House of Commons The House of Commons is the name for the elected lower house of the bicameral parliaments of the United Kingdom and Canada. In both of these countries, the Commons holds much more legislative power than the nominally upper house of parliament. ...

constituency An electoral district, also known as an election district, legislative district, voting district, constituency, riding, ward, division, or (election) precinct is a subdivision of a larger State (polity), state (a country, administrative region, ...

of Glasgow Gorbals in Glasgow. It was one of five UK parliamentary by-elections held on that day.

Background

The seat had become vacant when the sitting

Labour Labour or labor may refer to: * Childbirth, the delivery of a baby * Labour (human activity), or work ** Manual labour, physical work ** Wage labour, a socioeconomic relationship between a worker and an employer ** Organized labour and the labour ...

Member of Parliament (MP), Alice Cullen had died on 31 May 1969, aged 78. She had held the seat since the by-election in 1948 following the resignation of her Labour predecessor,

George Buchanan George Buchanan ( gd, Seòras Bochanan; February 1506 – 28 September 1582) was a Scottish historian and humanist scholar. According to historian Keith Brown, Buchanan was "the most profound intellectual sixteenth century Scotland produced." ...

. The moving of the writ was much delayed and finally announced in early-October.'Gorbals by-election date set' ''

Glasgow Herald ''The Herald'' is a Scottish broadsheet newspaper founded in 1783. ''The Herald'' is the longest running national newspaper in the world and is the eighth oldest daily paper in the world. The title was simplified from ''The Glasgow Herald'' in ...

'' 3 October 1969 Because of the recess and parliamentary convention, the formal campaign only lasted two weeks. Labour had a good record in the seat, and in

1966 Events January * January 1 – In a coup, Colonel Jean-Bédel Bokassa takes over as military ruler of the Central African Republic, ousting President David Dacko. * January 3 – 1966 Upper Voltan coup d'état: President Maurice Yaméogo i ...

, Cullen's had polled 73.1% of the votes, 50.3% ahead of the second placed

Conservative Conservatism is a cultural, social, and political philosophy that seeks to promote and to preserve traditional institutions, practices, and values. The central tenets of conservatism may vary in relation to the culture and civilization i ...

candidate. The constituency's electorate had shrunk considerably in the past few years. In

1955 Events January * January 3 – José Ramón Guizado becomes president of Panama. * January 17 – , the first nuclear-powered submarine, puts to sea for the first time, from Groton, Connecticut. * January 18– 20 – Battle of Yijian ...

, there had been a total of 56,627 electors, but by the time of the by-election this number had fallen to just 25,057. Labour's nominee to defend the seat was

Frank McElhone Francis Patrick McElhone (5 April 1929 – 22 September 1982) was a Scottish Labour Party politician. McElhone was elected Member of Parliament (MP) for Glasgow Gorbals in a 1969 by-election. He served until the constituency was abolished ...

, aged 40, who was a fruiterer. The Conservatives chose William Shearer, a 59-year-old builder, while the

Scottish National Party The Scottish National Party (SNP; sco, Scots National Pairty, gd, Pàrtaidh Nàiseanta na h-Alba ) is a Scottish nationalist and social democratic political party in Scotland. The SNP supports and campaigns for Scottish independence from ...

(SNP) ran Tom Brady, an electrical engineer aged 26. All three men were also sitting Glasgow councillors. As this was the first by-election in Scotland since the SNP's capture of Hamilton in 1967, there was interest in how well the SNP would perform, though privately Labour were said to be confident of victory and thought that the SNP would finish "a poor second or third." On the day of the election, bookmakers made Labour favourites to hold the seat with odds of 10 to 1 on, with odds on SNP and Conservative victories being quoted as 6–1 against and 16–1 against respectively. An editorial in ''The

'' on the day of the by-election reflected these odds stating that "as it stands, Frank McElhone looks as certain as these things can be to take the seat for Labour." However it predicted a tight contest for second place, arguing that the Conservative Shearer had fought a good campaign which might help him to just finish in front of the SNP.

Result

The result of the contest was a victory for the Labour Party candidate, Frank McElhone, who won with a majority of 4,163 votes over the SNP candidate Tom Brady.

Aftermath

Covering the by-election result the next day, John Warden, the political correspondent of ''The

'' reported that the result was a disappointment for the SNP, arguing that "By the standards of any serious contender as a third party the S.N.P. were knocked out in Gorbals" and that given "the claims and ambitions of their leaders they need to do better than the 25% of the votes they won yesterday." Warden further argued that the result signaled "a weakening of the urban strength" that the SNP relied on and that while no one would "write the write the Nationalists off... the S.N.P. challenge has now been cut down to size." Warden also argued that of the four seats Labour held in the five by-elections held that day (they lost the fifth in Swindon to the Conservatives), the Gorbals result was the only one where the result was not too close for comfort for the Party. At the subsequent general election the following June the three main candidates faced off again, with McElhone greatly increasing his majority and vote share. Shearer also slightly increased his vote share and finished second, but the SNP vote share fell from 25% to 7.4% and Brady lost his deposit.

Background

Result

Aftermath

References

See also