January 3
Events Pre-1600
*AD 69, 69 – The Roman legions on the Rhine refuse to declare their allegiance to Galba, instead proclaiming their legate, Aulus Vitellius, as emperor.
* 250 – Emperor Decius orders everyone in the Roman Empire (ex ...
–
1966 Upper Voltan coup d'état
The 1966 Upper Voltan coup d'état was an event which took place on 3 January 1966 in the Republic of Upper Volta (today Burkina Faso), when following large-scale popular unrest the military intervened against the government, forced President Mauri ...
January 10
Events Pre-1600
*49 BC – Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signalling the start of civil war.
* 9 – The Western Han dynasty ends when Wang Mang claims that the divine Mandate of Heaven called for the end of the dynasty and the be ...
Rhodesia
Rhodesia (, ), officially from 1970 the Republic of Rhodesia, was an unrecognised state in Southern Africa from 1965 to 1979, equivalent in territory to modern Zimbabwe. Rhodesia was the ''de facto'' successor state to the British colony of S ...
Lyndon Johnson
Lyndon Baines Johnson (; August 27, 1908January 22, 1973), often referred to by his initials LBJ, was an American politician who served as the 36th president of the United States from 1963 to 1969. He had previously served as the 37th vice ...
states that the United States should stay in
South Vietnam
South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam ( vi, Việt Nam Cộng hòa), was a state in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975, the period when the southern portion of Vietnam was a member of the Western Bloc during part of th ...
until
Communist
Communism (from Latin la, communis, lit=common, universal, label=none) is a far-left sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology and current within the socialist movement whose goal is the establishment of a communist society, a s ...
aggression there is ended.
*
January 15
Events Pre-1600
* 69 – Otho seizes power in Rome, proclaiming himself Emperor of Rome, beginning a reign of only three months.
* 1541 – King Francis I of France gives Jean-François Roberval a commission to settle the province of ...
–
1966 Nigerian coup d'état
The 1966 Nigerian coup d'état began on 15 January 1966, when mutinous Nigerian soldiers led by Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu and Emmanuel Ifeajuna killed 22 people including the Prime Minister of Nigeria, many senior politicians, many senior Army o ...
: A bloody military coup is staged in Nigeria, deposing the civilian government and resulting in the death of Prime Minister Abubakar Tafawa Balewa.
* January 17
** The Nigerian coup is overturned by another faction of the military, leaving a military government in power. This is the beginning of a long period of military rule.
**
1966 Palomares B-52 crash
The 1966 Palomares B-52 crash, also called the Palomares incident, occurred on 17 January 1966, when a B-52G bomber of the United States Air Force's Strategic Air Command collided with a KC-135 tanker during mid-air refueling at over the Me ...
hydrogen bomb
A thermonuclear weapon, fusion weapon or hydrogen bomb (H bomb) is a second-generation nuclear weapon design. Its greater sophistication affords it vastly greater destructive power than first-generation nuclear bombs, a more compact size, a lowe ...
s near the town of Palomares, and one into the sea.
Carl Brashear
Carl Maxie Brashear (January 19, 1931 – July 25, 2006) was a United States Navy sailor. He was a master diver, rising to the position in 1970, despite having his left leg amputated in 1966. The film '' Men of Honor'' was based on his life.
E ...
, the first African American United States Navy diver, is involved in an accident during the recovery of the latter which results in the amputation of his leg.
* January 19 –
Indira Gandhi
Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi (; Given name, ''née'' Nehru; 19 November 1917 – 31 October 1984) was an Indian politician and a central figure of the Indian National Congress. She was elected as third prime minister of India in 1966 ...
is elected
Prime Minister of India
The prime minister of India (IAST: ) is the head of government of the Republic of India. Executive authority is vested in the prime minister and their chosen Council of Ministers, despite the president of India being the nominal head of the ...
January 20
Events Pre-1600
* 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution.
* 649 – King Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, crowns his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom.
* 1156 &ndas ...
**
1966 Liberal Party of Australia leadership election
The Liberal Party of Australia held a leadership ballot on 20 January 1966, following the resignation of Robert Menzies. Incumbent deputy leader Harold Holt was elected unopposed as his successor, and was sworn in as prime minister on 26 January. ...
:
Harold Holt
Harold Edward Holt (5 August 190817 December 1967) was an Australian politician who served as the 17th prime minister of Australia from 1966 until his presumed death in 1967. He held office as leader of the Liberal Party.
Holt was born in S ...
Sir Robert Menzies
''Sir'' is a formal honorific address in English for men, derived from Sire in the High Middle Ages. Both are derived from the old French "Sieur" (Lord), brought to England by the French-speaking Normans, and which now exist in French only as p ...
retires after an unprecedented 16 years in office; consequently Holt becomes
Prime Minister of Australia
The prime minister of Australia is the head of government of the Commonwealth of Australia. The prime minister heads the executive branch of the Australian Government, federal government of Australia and is also accountable to Parliament of A ...
six days later.
** Demonstrations occur against high food prices in Hungary.
* January 21 – Italian Prime Minister Aldo Moro resigns due to a power struggle in his party.
*
January 22
Events Pre-1600
* 613 – Eight-month-old Constantine is crowned as co-emperor (''Caesar'') by his father Heraclius at Constantinople.
* 871 – Battle of Basing: The West Saxons led by King Æthelred I are defeated by the Danelaw Vi ...
** The military government of Nigeria announces that ex-prime minister Abubakar Tafawa Balewa was killed during the coup a week previously.
** The
Chad
Chad (; ar, تشاد , ; french: Tchad, ), officially the Republic of Chad, '; ) is a landlocked country at the crossroads of North and Central Africa. It is bordered by Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic ...
Sudan
Sudan ( or ; ar, السودان, as-Sūdān, officially the Republic of the Sudan ( ar, جمهورية السودان, link=no, Jumhūriyyat as-Sūdān), is a country in Northeast Africa. It shares borders with the Central African Republic t ...
Homi J. Bhabha
Homi Jehangir Bhabha, (30 October 1909 – 24 January 1966) was an Indian nuclear physicist, founding director, and professor of physics at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR). Colloquially known as "Father of Indian nuclear pro ...
, chairman of the
Indian Atomic Energy Commission
The Atomic Energy Commission of India is the governing body of the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), Government of India. The DAE is under the direct charge of the Prime Minister.
The Indian Atomic Energy Commission was set up on 3 August 1948 ...
Beaumont children disappearance
Jane Nartare Beaumont (born 10 September 1956), Arnna Kathleen Beaumont (born 11 November 1958) and Grant Ellis Beaumont (born 12 July 1961), collectively known as the Beaumont children, were three Australian siblings who disappeared from Gle ...
January 27
Events Pre-1600
* 98 – Trajan succeeds his adoptive father Nerva as Roman emperor; under his rule the Roman Empire will reach its maximum extent.
* 945 – The co-emperors Stephen and Constantine are overthrown and forced to becom ...
**The British government promises the U.S. that British troops in Malaysia will stay until more peaceful conditions occur in the region.
**Britain's Labour Party unexpectedly retains the parliamentary seat of Hull North in a by-election, with a swing of 4.5% to their candidate from the opposition Conservatives, and a majority up from 1,181 at the 1964 General Election to 5,351.
* January 31 – The United Kingdom ceases all trade with
Rhodesia
Rhodesia (, ), officially from 1970 the Republic of Rhodesia, was an unrecognised state in Southern Africa from 1965 to 1979, equivalent in territory to modern Zimbabwe. Rhodesia was the ''de facto'' successor state to the British colony of S ...
.
February
*
February 1
Events Pre-1600
* 1327 – The teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Isabella and her lover Roger Mortimer.
* 1411 – The First Peace of Thorn is signed in Thorn (Toruń), Mon ...
February 3
Events Pre-1600
* 1112 – Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona, and Douce I, Countess of Provence, marry, uniting the fortunes of those two states.
*1451 – Sultan Mehmed II inherits the throne of the Ottoman Empire.
*1488 – ...
– The unmanned Soviet Luna 9 spacecraft makes the first controlled rocket-assisted landing on the Moon.
*
February 4
Events Pre–1600
* 211 – Following the death of the Roman Emperor Septimius Severus at Eboracum (modern York, England) while preparing to lead a campaign against the Caledonians, the empire is left in the control of his two quarrellin ...
–
All Nippon Airways Flight 60
was a Boeing 727-81 aircraft making a domestic commercial flight from Sapporo Chitose Airport to Tokyo Haneda International Airport. On February 4, 1966, all 133 people on board died when the plane mysteriously crashed into Tokyo Bay about ...
plunges into Tokyo Bay; 133 people are killed.
* February 7 –
Lyndon Johnson
Lyndon Baines Johnson (; August 27, 1908January 22, 1973), often referred to by his initials LBJ, was an American politician who served as the 36th president of the United States from 1963 to 1969. He had previously served as the 37th vice ...
of the United States and Nguyễn Cao Kỳ of South Vietnam convene with other officials in a
summit
A summit is a point on a surface that is higher in elevation than all points immediately adjacent to it. The topography, topographic terms acme, apex, peak (mountain peak), and zenith are synonymous.
The term (mountain top) is generally used ...
February 14
Events Pre-1600
* 748 – Abbasid Revolution: The Hashimi rebels under Abu Muslim Khorasani take Merv, capital of the Umayyad province Khorasan, marking the consolidation of the Abbasid revolt.
* 842 – Charles the Bald and Louis ...
– The Australian dollar is introduced at a rate of 2 dollars per pound, or 10 shillings per dollar.
*
February 19
Events Pre-1600
* 197 – Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum, the bloodiest battle between Roman armies.
* 356 – The anti-paganism policy of Constantius II forbids the worship of pagan ...
– The naval minister of the United Kingdom, Christopher Mayhew, resigns.
*
February 20
Events Pre-1600
*1339 – The Milanese army and the St. George's (San Giorgio) Mercenaries of Lodrisio Visconti clash in the Battle of Parabiago; Visconti is defeated.
*1472 – Orkney and Shetland are pawned by Norway to Scotland ...
– While Soviet author and translator
Valery Tarsis
Valery Yakovlevich Tarsis ( uk, Валерій Яковлевич Тарсіс, russian: Вале́рий Я́ковлевич Та́рсис; , Kyiv – 3 March 1983, Bern) was a Ukrainian writer, literary critic, and translator. He was highly c ...
is abroad, the Soviet Union negates his citizenship.
*
February 23
Events Pre-1600
* 303 – Roman emperor Diocletian orders the destruction of the Christian church in Nicomedia, beginning eight years of Diocletianic Persecution.
* 532 – Byzantine emperor Justinian I lays the foundation stone of a ...
–
1966 Syrian coup d'état
The 1966 Syrian coup d'état refers to events between 21 and 23 February during which the government of the Syrian Arab Republic was overthrown and replaced. The ruling National Command of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party were removed from power ...
: An intra-party military coup in
Syria
Syria ( ar, سُورِيَا or سُورِيَة, translit=Sūriyā), officially the Syrian Arab Republic ( ar, الجمهورية العربية السورية, al-Jumhūrīyah al-ʻArabīyah as-Sūrīyah), is a Western Asian country loc ...
February 24
Events Pre-1600
* 484 – King Huneric of the Vandals replaces Nicene bishops with Arian ones, and banishes some to Corsica.
* 1303 – The English are defeated at the Battle of Roslin, in the First War of Scottish Independence.
* 13 ...
Kwame Nkrumah
Kwame Nkrumah (born 21 September 190927 April 1972) was a Ghanaian politician, political theorist, and revolutionary. He was the first Prime Minister and President of Ghana, having led the Gold Coast to independence from Britain in 1957. An in ...
is abroad.
*
February 28
Events Pre-1600
*202 BC – Liu Bang is enthroned as the Emperor of China, beginning four centuries of rule by the Han dynasty.
* 870 – The Fourth Council of Constantinople closes.
*1525 – Aztec king Cuauhtémoc is executed on ...
– British Prime Minister
Harold Wilson
James Harold Wilson, Baron Wilson of Rievaulx, (11 March 1916 – 24 May 1995) was a British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom twice, from October 1964 to June 1970, and again from March 1974 to April 1976. He ...
calls a General Election in the United Kingdom, to be held on March 31.
March
* March – The
DKW
DKW (''Dampf-Kraft-Wagen'', en, "steam-powered car", also ''Deutsche Kinder-Wagen'' en, "German children's car". ''Das-Kleine-Wunder'', en, "the little wonder" or ''Des-Knaben-Wunsch'', en, "the boy's wish"- from when the company built to ...
automobile ceases production in Germany.
* March 1
**The British Government announces plans for the
decimalisation
Decimalisation or decimalization (see spelling differences) is the conversion of a system of currency or of weights and measures to units related by powers of 10.
Most countries have decimalised their currencies, converting them from non-decimal ...
of the
pound sterling
Sterling (abbreviation: stg; Other spelling styles, such as STG and Stg, are also seen. ISO code: GBP) is the currency of the United Kingdom and nine of its associated territories. The pound ( sign: £) is the main unit of sterling, and t ...
(hitherto denominated in 20 shillings and 240 pence to the £), to come into force on 15 February 1971 (
Decimal Day
Decimal Day in the United Kingdom and in Ireland was Monday 15 February 1971, the day on which each country decimalised its respective £sd currency of pounds, shillings, and pence.
Before this date, the British pound sterling (symbol "£" ...
).
**Soviet space probe '' Venera 3'' crashes on Venus, becoming the first spacecraft to land on another planet's surface.
**The
Ba'ath Party
The Arab Socialist Baʿath Party ( ar, حزب البعث العربي الاشتراكي ' ) was a political party founded in Syria by Mishel ʿAflaq, Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn al-Bītār, and associates of Zaki al-ʾArsūzī. The party espoused B ...
takes power in
Syria
Syria ( ar, سُورِيَا or سُورِيَة, translit=Sūriyā), officially the Syrian Arab Republic ( ar, الجمهورية العربية السورية, al-Jumhūrīyah al-ʻArabīyah as-Sūrīyah), is a Western Asian country loc ...
Kwame Nkrumah
Kwame Nkrumah (born 21 September 190927 April 1972) was a Ghanaian politician, political theorist, and revolutionary. He was the first Prime Minister and President of Ghana, having led the Gold Coast to independence from Britain in 1957. An in ...
arrives in
Guinea
Guinea ( ),, fuf, 𞤘𞤭𞤲𞤫, italic=no, Gine, wo, Gine, nqo, ߖߌ߬ߣߍ߫, bm, Gine officially the Republic of Guinea (french: République de Guinée), is a coastal country in West Africa. It borders the Atlantic Ocean to the we ...
Canadian Pacific Air Lines Flight 402
On March 4, 1966, Canadian Pacific Air Lines Flight 402 (CP402) struck the approach lights and a seawall during a night landing attempt in poor visibility at Haneda Airport in Japan. Of the 62 passengers and 10 crew, only 8 passengers survived.
...
more popular than Jesus
"More popular than Jesus" is part of a remark made by John Lennon of the Beatles in a March 1966 interview in which he argued that the public were more infatuated with the band than with Jesus and that Christian faith was declining to the exte ...
now".
*
March 5
Events Pre-1600
* 363 – Roman emperor Julian leaves Antioch with an army of 90,000 to attack the Sasanian Empire, in a campaign which would bring about his own death.
* 1046 – Nasir Khusraw begins the seven-year Middle Eastern ...
Mount Fuji
, or Fugaku, located on the island of Honshū, is the highest mountain in Japan, with a summit elevation of . It is the second-highest volcano located on an island in Asia (after Mount Kerinci on the island of Sumatra), and seventh-highest p ...
soon after taking off from Tokyo International Airport in Japan, killing all 124 people on board.
**" Merci, Chérie" by Udo Jürgens (music by Udo Jürgens, lyrics by Jürgens and Thomas Hörbiger) wins the Eurovision Song Contest 1966 for Austria.
*
March 7
Events Pre-1600
* 161 – Marcus Aurelius and L. Commodus (who changes his name to Lucius Verus) become joint emperors of Rome on the death of Antoninus Pius.
* 1138 – Konrad III von Hohenstaufen was elected king of Germany at Cob ...
–
Charles de Gaulle
Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle (; ; (commonly abbreviated as CDG) 22 November 18909 November 1970) was a French army officer and statesman who led Free France against Nazi Germany in World War II and chaired the Provisional Government ...
asks U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson for negotiations about the state of NATO equipment in France.
* March 8
**Anti-communist demonstrations occur at the Indonesian Foreign Ministry.
** Vietnam War: The U.S. announces it will substantially increase the number of its troops in Vietnam.
**
Nelson's Pillar
Nelson's Pillar (also known as the Nelson Pillar or simply the Pillar) was a large granite column capped by a statue of Horatio Nelson, built in the centre of what was then Sackville Street (later renamed O'Connell Street) in Dublin, Ireland. ...
Easter Rising
The Easter Rising ( ga, Éirí Amach na Cásca), also known as the Easter Rebellion, was an armed insurrection in Ireland during Easter Week in April 1916. The Rising was launched by Irish republicans against British rule in Ireland with the a ...
Sukarno
Sukarno). (; born Koesno Sosrodihardjo, ; 6 June 1901 – 21 June 1970) was an Indonesian statesman, orator, revolutionary, and nationalist who was the first president of Indonesia, serving from 1945 to 1967.
Sukarno was the leader of ...
Suharto
Suharto (; ; 8 June 1921 – 27 January 2008) was an Indonesian army officer and politician, who served as the second and the longest serving president of Indonesia. Widely regarded as a military dictator by international observers, Suharto ...
by signing the " Supersemar" order.
**French President
Charles de Gaulle
Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle (; ; (commonly abbreviated as CDG) 22 November 18909 November 1970) was a French army officer and statesman who led Free France against Nazi Germany in World War II and chaired the Provisional Government ...
states that French troops will be taken out of NATO and that all French NATO bases and headquarters must be closed within a year.
* March 16
** NASA spacecraft Gemini 8 ( David Scott,
Neil Armstrong
Neil Alden Armstrong (August 5, 1930 – August 25, 2012) was an American astronaut and aeronautical engineer who became the first person to walk on the Moon in 1969. He was also a naval aviator, test pilot, and university professor.
...
Paul Van Doren
Paul Van Doren (June 12, 1930 – May 6, 2021) was an American businessman and one of the founders of Vans, a shoe company in the United States.
Early life
Van Doren was one of the two children of Johnson and Rena Van Doren. His father was an i ...
Texas Western Miners
The UTEP Miners is the name given to the sports teams of the University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP). They are informally referred to as the Miners, UTEP, or Texas–El Paso. UTEP was a member of the Western Athletic Conference from 1967 to 2005, ...
defeat the Kentucky Wildcats with five African American starters, ushering in desegregation in athletic recruiting.
* March 20 – Football's FIFA World Cup Trophy is stolen while on exhibition in London; it is found seven days later by a mongrel dog named " Pickles" and his owner David Corbett, wrapped in newspaper in a south London garden.
* March 22: in the Chinese city of Xingtai a magnitude 6.8 earthquake leaves more than 8,000 dead and 38,000 injured.
* March 24 – Pope Paul VI meets Michael Ramsey, the
Archbishop of Canterbury
The archbishop of Canterbury is the senior bishop and a principal leader of the Church of England, the ceremonial head of the worldwide Anglican Communion and the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Canterbury. The current archbishop is Justi ...
, in Rome, and gives him an episcopal ring.
* March 26 – Demonstrations are held across the United States against the Vietnam War.
* March 27 – In
South Vietnam
South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam ( vi, Việt Nam Cộng hòa), was a state in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975, the period when the southern portion of Vietnam was a member of the Western Bloc during part of th ...
, 20,000 Buddhists march in demonstrations against the policies of the military government.
* March 28
** Cevdet Sunay becomes the fifth president of Turkey.
**
Indira Gandhi
Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi (; Given name, ''née'' Nehru; 19 November 1917 – 31 October 1984) was an Indian politician and a central figure of the Indian National Congress. She was elected as third prime minister of India in 1966 ...
23rd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
The 23rd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) took place in Moscow, RSFSR between 29 March and 8 April 1966. It was the first Congress during Leonid Brezhnev's leadership of the Party and state. The position of First Secret ...
March 31
Events Pre-1600
* 307 – After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine the Great, Constantine marries Fausta, daughter of the retired Roman emperor Maximian.
*1146 – Bernard of Clairvaux preaches his famous sermon in a field at V ...
Harold Wilson
James Harold Wilson, Baron Wilson of Rievaulx, (11 March 1916 – 24 May 1995) was a British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom twice, from October 1964 to June 1970, and again from March 1974 to April 1976. He ...
wins the
1966 United Kingdom general election
The 1966 United Kingdom general election was held on 31 March 1966. The result was a landslide victory for the Labour Party led by incumbent Prime Minister Harold Wilson.
Wilson decided to call a snap election since his government, elected a m ...
, gaining a 96-seat majority (compared with a single seat majority when the election was called on February 28).
** The Soviet Union launches Luna 10, which becomes the first space probe to enter orbit around the Moon.
April 5
Events Pre-1600
* 823 – Lothair I is crowned King of Italy by Pope Paschal I.
* 919 – The second Fatimid invasion of Egypt begins, when the Fatimid heir-apparent, al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah, sets out from Raqqada at the head of his a ...
– During the
Buddhist Uprising
The Buddhist Uprising of 1966 (), or more widely known in Vietnam as the Crisis in Central Vietnam (), was a period of civil and military unrest in South Vietnam, largely focused in the I Corps area in the north of the country in central Vietnam. ...
, South Vietnamese military prime minister Nguyễn Cao Kỳ personally attempts to lead the capture of the restive city of Đà Nẵng before backing down.
* April 7 – The United Kingdom asks the United Nations Security Council for authority to use force to stop oil tankers that violate the embargo against
Rhodesia
Rhodesia (, ), officially from 1970 the Republic of Rhodesia, was an unrecognised state in Southern Africa from 1965 to 1979, equivalent in territory to modern Zimbabwe. Rhodesia was the ''de facto'' successor state to the British colony of S ...
April 8
Events Pre-1600
* 217 – Roman emperor Caracalla is assassinated and is succeeded by his Praetorian Guard prefect, Marcus Opellius Macrinus.
* 876 – The Battle of Dayr al-'Aqul saves Baghdad from the Saffarids.
*1139 – Ro ...
** Buddhists in
South Vietnam
South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam ( vi, Việt Nam Cộng hòa), was a state in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975, the period when the southern portion of Vietnam was a member of the Western Bloc during part of th ...
protest against the fact that the new government has not set a date for
free elections
An election is a formal group decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual or multiple individuals to hold Public administration, public office.
Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative ...
.
** Leonid Brezhnev becomes General Secretary of the Soviet Union, as well as Leader of the Communist Party of the U.S.S.R.
* April 14
** Kenyan Vice President
Oginga Odinga
Jaramogi Ajuma Oginga Odinga (October 1911 – 20 January 1994) was a Luo chieftain who became a prominent figure in Kenya's struggle for independence. He later served as Kenya's first Vice-President, and thereafter as opposition leader. Odinga ...
resigns, saying "invisible government" representing foreign interests now runs the country. He will head a new party, the Kenya People's Union.
**The
South Vietnam
South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam ( vi, Việt Nam Cộng hòa), was a state in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975, the period when the southern portion of Vietnam was a member of the Western Bloc during part of th ...
ese government promises free elections in 3–5 months.
* April 15 – An anti-
Nasser
Gamal Abdel Nasser Hussein, . (15 January 1918 – 28 September 1970) was an Egyptian politician who served as the second president of Egypt from 1954 until his death in 1970. Nasser led the Egyptian revolution of 1952 and introduced Egyptian ...
conspiracy is exposed in Egypt.
* April 18
** China declares that it will stop economic aid to Indonesia.
** The
38th Academy Awards
The 38th Academy Awards, honoring the best in film for 1965, were held on April 18, 1966, at the Santa Monica Civic Auditorium in Santa Monica, California. They were hosted by Bob Hope.
The ceremony was broadcast on the ABC network and was ...
April 21
Events Pre-1600
*753 BC – Romulus founds Rome ( traditional date).
* 43 BC – Battle of Mutina: Mark Antony is again defeated in battle by Aulus Hirtius, who is killed. Antony fails to capture Mutina and Decimus Brutus is murdered ...
** An artificial heart is installed in the chest of Marcel DeRudder in a
Houston, Texas
Houston (; ) is the most populous city in Texas, the most populous city in the Southern United States, the fourth-most populous city in the United States, and the sixth-most populous city in North America, with a population of 2,304,580 in ...
Myra Hindley
The Moors murders were carried out by Ian Brady and Myra Hindley between July 1963 and October 1965, in and around Manchester, England. The victims were five children—Pauline Reade, John Kilbride, Keith Bennett, Lesley Ann Downey, and Edward E ...
go on trial at
Chester Crown Court
Chester Crown Court is a judicial facility at Castle Square in Chester, Cheshire. The building, which forms part of a series of imposing buildings at Chester Castle, is a Grade I listed building.
History
The current building replaced a previous ...
in north west England for the murders of 3 children who vanished between November
1963
Events January
* January 1 – Bogle–Chandler case: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation scientist Dr. Gilbert Bogle and Mrs. Margaret Chandler are found dead (presumed poisoned), in bushland near the Lane Cov ...
and October
1965
Events January–February
* January 14 – The Prime Minister of Northern Ireland and the Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland meet for the first time in 43 years.
* January 20
** Lyndon B. Johnson is Second inauguration of Lyndo ...
Republic of the Congo
The Republic of the Congo (french: République du Congo, ln, Republíki ya Kongó), also known as Congo-Brazzaville, the Congo Republic or simply either Congo or the Congo, is a country located in the western coast of Central Africa to the w ...
, led by
Ambroise Noumazalaye
Ambroise Édouard Noumazalaye (September 23, 1933Rémy Bazenguissa-Ganga, ''Les voies du politique au Congo: essai de sociologie historique'' (1997), Karthala Editions, page 442.November 17, 2007Tashkent earthquake affects the largest city in Soviet Central Asia with a maximum MSK intensity of VII (''Very strong''). Tashkent is mostly destroyed and 15–200 are killed.
*
April 27
Events Pre-1600
* 247 – Philip the Arab marks the millennium of Rome with a celebration of the ''ludi saeculares''.
* 395 – Emperor Arcadius marries Aelia Eudoxia, daughter of the Frankish general Flavius Bauto. She becomes one of ...
Rhodesia
Rhodesia (, ), officially from 1970 the Republic of Rhodesia, was an unrecognised state in Southern Africa from 1965 to 1979, equivalent in territory to modern Zimbabwe. Rhodesia was the ''de facto'' successor state to the British colony of S ...
, security forces kill seven
ZANLA
Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army (ZANLA) was the military wing of the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU), a militant African nationalist organisation that participated in the Rhodesian Bush War against white minority rule of Rhode ...
hovercraft
A hovercraft, also known as an air-cushion vehicle or ACV, is an amphibious Craft (vehicle), craft capable of travelling over land, water, mud, ice, and other surfaces.
Hovercraft use blowers to produce a large volume of air below the hull ...
service begins over the English Channel (discontinued in 2000).
Fiat
Fiat Automobiles S.p.A. (, , ; originally FIAT, it, Fabbrica Italiana Automobili di Torino, lit=Italian Automobiles Factory of Turin) is an Italian automobile manufacturer, formerly part of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, and since 2021 a subsidiary ...
signs a contract with the Soviet government to build a car factory in the Soviet Union.
**
May 1966 lunar eclipse
A penumbral lunar eclipse took place on Wednesday, May 4, 1966, the first of two penumbral lunar eclipses in 1966. It was visible from South America, Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia and Antarctica.
Visibility
The penumbral eclipse was visible in ...
: A penumbral lunar eclipse takes place, the 64th lunar eclipse of
Lunar Saros 111
Saros cycle series 111 for lunar eclipses occurs at the moon's descending node, repeats every 18 years 11 and 1/3 days. It contains 71 events.
The first total lunar eclipse of this series was on April 19, 1353, and last was on August 4, 1533. Th ...
Detroit Red Wings
The Detroit Red Wings (colloquially referred to as the Wings) are a professional ice hockey team based in Detroit. The Red Wings compete in the National Hockey League (NHL) as a member of the Atlantic Division (NHL), Atlantic Division in the East ...
to win the
Stanley Cup
The Stanley Cup (french: La Coupe Stanley) is the championship trophy awarded annually to the National Hockey League (NHL) playoff champion. It is the oldest existing trophy to be awarded to a professional sports franchise in North America, an ...
in ice hockey.
* May 6 – The Moors murders trial ends in the UK with Ian Brady being found guilty on all three counts of murder and sentenced to three concurrent terms of life imprisonment.
Myra Hindley
The Moors murders were carried out by Ian Brady and Myra Hindley between July 1963 and October 1965, in and around Manchester, England. The victims were five children—Pauline Reade, John Kilbride, Keith Bennett, Lesley Ann Downey, and Edward E ...
is convicted on two counts of murder and of being an accessory in the third murder committed by Brady, receiving two concurrent terms of life imprisonment and a seven-year fixed term for being an accessory.
* May 7 – Irish bank workers
go on strike
Strike action, also called labor strike, labour strike, or simply strike, is a work stoppage caused by the mass refusal of employees to Labor (economics), work. A strike usually takes place in response to grievance (labour), employee grievance ...
.
* May 12
** African members of the UN Security Council say that the British army should blockade Rhodesia.
**
Radio Peking
China Radio International (CRI) is the state-owned international radio broadcaster of China. It is currently headquartered in the Babaoshan area of Beijing's Shijingshan District. It was founded on December 3, 1941, as Radio Peking. It late ...
claims that U.S. planes have shot down a Chinese plane over Yunnan (the U.S. denies the story the next day).
*
May 14
Events Pre-1600
* 1027 – Robert II of France names his son Henry I as junior King of the Franks.
*1097 – The Siege of Nicaea begins during the First Crusade.
* 1264 – Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured and forc ...
– Turkey and Greece intend to start negotiations about the situation in Cyprus.
* May 15
** Indonesia asks Malaysia for peace negotiations.
** The
South Vietnam
South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam ( vi, Việt Nam Cộng hòa), was a state in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975, the period when the southern portion of Vietnam was a member of the Western Bloc during part of th ...
ese army besieges
Da Nang
Nang or DanangSee also Danang Dragons ( ; vi, Đà Nẵng, ) is a class-1 municipality and the fifth-largest city in Vietnam by municipal population. It lies on the coast of the East Sea of Vietnam at the mouth of the Hàn River, and is one ...
May 16
Events Pre-1600
* 946 – Emperor Suzaku abdicates the throne in favor of his brother Murakami who becomes the 62nd emperor of Japan.
*1204 – Baldwin IX, Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire.
* 1364 ...
Sylvia Likens
Sylvia Marie Likens (January 3, 1949 – October 26, 1965) was an American teenager who was tortured and murdered by her caregiver, Gertrude Baniszewski, many of Baniszewski's children, and several of their neighborhood friends. This abuse in ...
at a court in Indianapolis, United States, and is sentenced to life in prison (she is released on parole in December
1985
The year 1985 was designated as the International Youth Year by the United Nations.
Events January
* January 1
** The Internet's Domain Name System is created.
** Greenland withdraws from the European Economic Community as a result of a ...
).
*
May 24
Events Pre-1600
* 919 – The nobles of Franconia and Saxony elect Henry the Fowler at the Imperial Diet in Fritzlar as king of the East Frankish Kingdom.
* 1218 – The Fifth Crusade leaves Acre for Egypt.
* 1276 – Magnus La ...
**
Battle of Mengo Hill
The Buganda Crisis, also called the 1966 Mengo Crisis, the Kabaka Crisis, or the 1966 Crisis, domestically, was a period of political turmoil that occurred in Buganda. It was driven by conflict between Prime Minister Milton Obote and the Kabaka o ...
Explorer 32
Explorer 32, also known as Atmosphere Explorer-B (AE-B), was a NASA satellite launched by the United States to study the Earth's upper atmosphere. It was launched from Cape Canaveral on a Delta C1 launch vehicle, on 25 May 1966. It was the se ...
(Atmosphere Explorer-B) is launched from the United States.
**
No. 9 Squadron RAAF
No. 9 Squadron was a unit of the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF). The squadron was formed in early 1939 and saw active service in World War II as a fleet co-operation unit providing aircrews for seaplanes operating off Royal Australian Navy c ...
becomes part of the 4,500 strong
Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...
May 26
Events Pre-1600
* 17 – Germanicus celebrates a triumph in Rome for his victories over the Cherusci, Chatti, and other German tribes west of the Elbe.
* 451 – Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sasanian Empire take ...
–
British Guiana
British Guiana was a British colony, part of the mainland British West Indies, which resides on the northern coast of South America. Since 1966 it has been known as the independent nation of Guyana.
The first European to encounter Guiana was S ...
achieves independence, becoming
Guyana
Guyana ( or ), officially the Cooperative Republic of Guyana, is a country on the northern mainland of South America. Guyana is an indigenous word which means "Land of Many Waters". The capital city is Georgetown. Guyana is bordered by the ...
Fidel Castro
Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (; ; 13 August 1926 – 25 November 2016) was a Cuban revolutionary and politician who was the leader of Cuba from 1959 to 2008, serving as the prime minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976 and president from 1976 to 200 ...
declares martial law in Cuba because of a possible U.S. attack.
** The Indonesian and Malaysian governments declare that the
Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation
The Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation or Borneo confrontation (also known by its Indonesian / Malay name, ''Konfrontasi'') was an armed conflict from 1963 to 1966 that stemmed from Indonesia's opposition to the creation of the Federation of ...
is over (a treaty is signed on
August 11
Events Pre-1600
* 3114 BC – The Mesoamerican Long Count calendar, used by several pre-Columbian Mesoamerican civilizations, notably the Maya, begins.
* 2492 BC – Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and founde ...
1968 Summer Olympics
The 1968 Summer Olympics ( es, Juegos Olímpicos de Verano de 1968), officially known as the Games of the XIX Olympiad ( es, Juegos de la XIX Olimpiada) and commonly known as Mexico 1968 ( es, México 1968), were an international multi-sport eve ...
Mobutu Sese Seko
Mobutu Sese Seko Kuku Ngbendu Wa Za Banga (; born Joseph-Désiré Mobutu; 14 October 1930 – 7 September 1997) was a Congolese politician and military officer who was the president of Zaire from 1965 to 1997 (known as the Democratic Republic o ...
Joaquín Balaguer
Joaquín Antonio Balaguer Ricardo (1 September 1906 – 14 July 2002) was a Dominican politician, scholar, writer, and lawyer. He was President of the Dominican Republic serving three non-consecutive terms for that office from 1960 to 1962 ...
June 5
Events Pre-1600
*1257 – Kraków, in Poland, receives city rights.
*1283 – Battle of the Gulf of Naples: Roger of Lauria, admiral to King Peter III of Aragon, destroys the Neapolitan fleet and captures Charles II of Naples, Charles ...
–
Gemini 9A
Gemini 9A (officially Gemini IX-A) With Gemini IV, NASA changed to Roman numerals for Gemini mission designations. was a 1966 crewed spaceflight in NASA's Gemini program. It was the seventh crewed Gemini flight, the 13th crewed American flight ...
: Gene Cernan completes the second U.S. spacewalk (2 hours, 7 minutes).
*
June 6
Events Pre-1600
* 913 – Constantine VII, the eight-year-old illegitimate son of Leo VI the Wise, becomes nominal ruler of the Byzantine Empire under the regency of a seven-man council headed by Patriarch Nicholas Mystikos, appointed b ...
James Meredith
James Howard Meredith (born June 25, 1933) is an American civil rights activist, writer, political adviser, and Air Force veteran who became, in 1962, the first African-American student admitted to the racially segregated University of Mississ ...
is shot by a sniper while traversing Mississippi in the
March Against Fear
The March Against Fear was a major 1966 demonstration in the Civil Rights Movement in the South. Activist James Meredith launched the event on June 5, 1966, intending to make a solitary walk from Memphis, Tennessee, to Jackson, Mississippi via ...
F-104 Starfighter
The Lockheed F-104 Starfighter is an American single-engine, supersonic air superiority fighter which was extensively deployed as a fighter-bomber during the Cold War. Created as a day fighter by Lockheed as one of the "Century Series" of fi ...
Joseph A. Walker
Joseph Albert Walker (February 20, 1921 – June 8, 1966) (Capt, USAF) was an American World War II pilot, experimental physicist, NASA test pilot, and astronaut who was the first person to fly an airplane to space. He was one of twelve pilots ...
and USAF test pilot Carl Cross are both killed.
**
1966 Topeka tornado
The Tornado outbreak sequence of June 1966 was a series of tornado outbreaks which occurred between June 2 and June 12. The nearly two week event of severe weather was mainly concentrated in the Midwestern (Great Plains) region of the United Sta ...
: Topeka, Kansas is devastated by a tornado that registers as an "F5" on the Fujita scale, the first to exceed US$100 million in damages. Sixteen people are killed, hundreds more injured and thousands of homes damaged or destroyed, and the campus of Washburn University suffers catastrophic damage.
*
June 12
Events Pre-1600
* 910 – Battle of Augsburg: The Hungarians defeat the East Frankish army under King Louis the Child, using the famous feigned retreat tactic of the nomadic warriors.
* 1240 – At the instigation of Louis IX of Fr ...
– Chicago's Division Street riots begin in response to police shooting of a young Puerto Rican man.
* June 13 – ''
Miranda v. Arizona
''Miranda v. Arizona'', 384 U.S. 436 (1966), was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that the Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution restricts prosecutors from using a person's statements made in response to i ...
'': The
Supreme Court of the United States
The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all U.S. federal court cases, and over state court cases that involve a point o ...
rules that the police must inform
suspect
In law enforcement jargon, a suspect is a known person accused or suspected of committing a crime. Police and reporters in the United States often use the word suspect as a jargon when referring to the perpetrator of the offense (perp in dated U ...
s of their rights before questioning them.
* June 14 – The Vatican abolishes the ''
Index Librorum Prohibitorum
The ''Index Librorum Prohibitorum'' ("List of Prohibited Books") was a list of publications deemed heretical or contrary to morality by the Sacred Congregation of the Index (a former Dicastery of the Roman Curia), and Catholics were forbidden ...
''.
*
June 17
Events Pre-1600
* 653 – Pope Martin I is arrested and taken to Constantinople, due to his opposition to monothelitism.
* 1242 – Following the Disputation of Paris, twenty-four carriage loads of Jewish religious manuscripts were bur ...
CIA
The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA ), known informally as the Agency and historically as the Company, is a civilian intelligence agency, foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States, officially tasked with gat ...
June 28
Events Pre-1600
* 1098 – Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul at the battle of Antioch.
* 1360 – Muhammed VI becomes the tenth Nasrid king of Granada after killing his brother-in-law Ismail II.
* 1461 – ...
–
Argentine Revolution
Argentine Revolution ( es, Revolución Argentina, links=no) was the name given by its leaders to a military coup d'état which overthrew the government of Argentina in June 1966 and began a period of military dictatorship by a junta from then ...
July 1
Events Pre-1600
* 69 – Tiberius Julius Alexander orders his Roman legions in Alexandria to swear allegiance to Vespasian as Emperor.
* 552 – Battle of Taginae: Byzantine forces under Narses defeat the Ostrogoths in Italy, and the ...
–
Joaquín Balaguer
Joaquín Antonio Balaguer Ricardo (1 September 1906 – 14 July 2002) was a Dominican politician, scholar, writer, and lawyer. He was President of the Dominican Republic serving three non-consecutive terms for that office from 1960 to 1962 ...
Grosvenor Square
Grosvenor Square is a large garden square in the Mayfair district of London. It is the centrepiece of the Mayfair property of the Duke of Westminster, and takes its name from the duke's surname "Grosvenor". It was developed for fashionable re ...
turns violent.
**
René Barrientos
René Barrientos Ortuño (30 May 1919 – 27 April 1969) was a Bolivian military officer and politician who served as the 47th president of Bolivia twice nonconsecutively from 1964 to 1966 and from 1966 to 1969. During much of his first term, ...
July 8
Events Pre-1600
* 1099 – Some 15,000 starving Christian soldiers begin the siege of Jerusalem by marching in a religious procession around the city as its Muslim defenders watch.
* 1283 – Roger of Lauria, commanding the Aragonese ...
– King
Mwambutsa IV Bangiriceng of Burundi
Mwambutsa IV Bangiricenge (6 May 1912 – 26 March 1977) was the penultimate king of Burundi (or ''mwami'') who ruled between 1915 and 1966. He succeeded to the throne on the death of his father Mutaga IV Mbikije (reigned 1908–15). Born whil ...
is deposed by his son
Ntare V
Ntare V of Burundi (born Charles Ndizeye; 2 December 1947 – 29 April 1972) was the last king of Burundi (or ''mwami''), reigning from July to November 1966. Until his accession, he was known as Crown Prince Charles Ndizeye.
Early life
Charle ...
, who is in turn deposed by prime minister
Michel Micombero
Michel Micombero (26 August 194016 July 1983) was a Burundian politician and army officer who ruled the country as ''de facto'' military dictator for the decade between 1966 and 1976. He was the last Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Burundi from ...
1966 FIFA World Cup
The 1966 FIFA World Cup was the eighth FIFA World Cup, a quadrennial football tournament for men's senior national teams. It was played in England from 11 July to 30 July 1966. The England national football team defeated West Germany 4-2 in the ...
begins in England.
*
July 12
Events Pre-1600
* 70 – The armies of Titus attack the walls of Jerusalem after a six-month siege. Three days later they breach the walls, which enables the army to destroy the Second Temple.
* 927 – King Constantine II of ...
**
Indira Gandhi
Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi (; Given name, ''née'' Nehru; 19 November 1917 – 31 October 1984) was an Indian politician and a central figure of the Indian National Congress. She was elected as third prime minister of India in 1966 ...
Rhodesia
Rhodesia (, ), officially from 1970 the Republic of Rhodesia, was an unrecognised state in Southern Africa from 1965 to 1979, equivalent in territory to modern Zimbabwe. Rhodesia was the ''de facto'' successor state to the British colony of S ...
A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada
Abhay Charanaravinda Bhaktivedanta Swami (; 1 September 1896 – 14 November 1977) was an Indian Gaudiya Vaishnava guru who founded ISKCON, commonly known as the "Hare Krishna movement". Members of ISKCON view Bhaktivedanta Swami as a repr ...
Syria
Syria ( ar, سُورِيَا or سُورِيَة, translit=Sūriyā), officially the Syrian Arab Republic ( ar, الجمهورية العربية السورية, al-Jumhūrīyah al-ʻArabīyah as-Sūrīyah), is a Western Asian country loc ...
n jet fighters clash over the
Jordan River
The Jordan River or River Jordan ( ar, نَهْر الْأُرْدُنّ, ''Nahr al-ʾUrdunn'', he, נְהַר הַיַּרְדֵּן, ''Nəhar hayYardēn''; syc, ܢܗܪܐ ܕܝܘܪܕܢܢ ''Nahrāʾ Yurdnan''), also known as ''Nahr Al-Shariea ...
.
** Richard Speck murders 8 student nurses in their Chicago dormitory. He is arrested on July 17.
** Gwynfor Evans, President of Plaid Cymru, the Welsh nationalist party, becomes Member of the United Kingdom Parliament for Carmarthen, taking the previously Labour-held Welsh seat at a by-election with a majority of 2,435 on an 18% swing and giving his party its first representation at Westminster in its forty-one year history.
* July 18
** Gemini 10 ( John Young,
Michael Collins Michael Collins or Mike Collins most commonly refers to:
* Michael Collins (Irish leader) (1890–1922), Irish revolutionary leader, soldier, and politician
* Michael Collins (astronaut) (1930–2021), American astronaut, member of Apollo 11 and Ge ...
) is launched from the United States. After docking with an Agena target vehicle, the astronauts set a world altitude record of 474 miles (763 km).
** The International Court of Justice rules in favour of South Africa in a case on the administration of South West Africa which has been brought before them by Ethiopia and
Liberia
Liberia (), officially the Republic of Liberia, is a country on the West African coast. It is bordered by Sierra Leone to Liberia–Sierra Leone border, its northwest, Guinea to its north, Ivory Coast to its east, and the Atlantic Ocean ...
death of Hsu Tsu-tsai The death of Hsu Tsu-tsai, a 42-year-old Chinese engineer, in July 1966 in The Hague, Netherlands caused a diplomatic incident between the Netherlands and China. The mysterious circumstances surrounding Hsu's injuries and death, apparently resulting ...
, an engineer, in The Hague, the Chinese government declares Dutch delegate G. J. Jongejans
persona non grata
In diplomacy, a ' (Latin: "person not welcome", plural: ') is a status applied by a host country to foreign diplomats to remove their protection of diplomatic immunity from arrest and other types of prosecution.
Diplomacy
Under Article 9 of the ...
, but tells him not to leave the country before other Chinese engineers have left the Netherlands.
* July 23 –
Katangese
Katanga was one of the four large provinces created in the Belgian Congo in 1914.
It was one of the eleven provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo between 1966 and 2015, when it was split into the Tanganyika, Haut-Lomami, Lualaba, a ...
Congo
Congo or The Congo may refer to either of two countries that border the Congo River in central Africa:
* Democratic Republic of the Congo, the larger country to the southeast, capital Kinshasa, formerly known as Zaire, sometimes referred to a ...
, revolt for several weeks in support of the exiled minister Moise Tshombe.
* July 24 – U.N. Secretary General U Thant visits Moscow.
* July 24 – A USAF
F-4C Phantom
The McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II is an American Tandem#Aviation, tandem two-seat, twinjet, twin-engine, all-weather, long-range supersonic aircraft, supersonic jet interceptor aircraft, interceptor and fighter-bomber originally developed ...
#63-7599 is shot down by a North Vietnamese SAM-2 northeast of Hanoi, the first loss of a U.S. aircraft to a Vietnamese
surface-to-air missile
A surface-to-air missile (SAM), also known as a ground-to-air missile (GTAM) or surface-to-air guided weapon (SAGW), is a missile designed to be launched from the ground to destroy aircraft or other missiles. It is one type of anti-aircraft syst ...
in the Vietnam War.
* July 26 – Lord Gardiner issues the Practice Statement in the House of Lords of the United Kingdom, stating that the House is not bound to follow its own previous precedent.
* July 28 – The U.S. announces that a Lockheed U-2 reconnaissance plane has disappeared over Cuba.
* July 29
**
1966 Nigerian counter-coup
The 1966 Nigerian counter-coup, or the so-called "July Rematch", was the second of many military coups in Nigeria. It was masterminded by Lt. Colonel Murtala Muhammed and many northern military officers. The coup began as a mutiny at roughly midn ...
: Army officers from the north of Nigeria execute head of state General
Aguiyi-Ironsi
Johnson Thomas Umunnakwe Aguiyi-Ironsi (3 March 1924 – 29 July 1966) was the first military head of state of Nigeria. He seized power during the ensuing chaos after the 15 January 1966 military coup, which decapitated the country's leadersh ...
La Noche de los Bastones Largos
La Noche de los Bastones Largos ("The Night of the Long Batons") was the violent dislodging of students and teachers from five academic faculties of the University of Buenos Aires (UBA), by the Federal Argentine Police, on July 29, 1966. The ac ...
'': Junta takes over Argentine universities.
** Bob Dylan is injured in a motorcycle accident near his home in Woodstock, New York. He is not seen in public for over a year.
*
July 30
Events Pre-1600
* 762 – Baghdad is founded.
*1419 – First Defenestration of Prague: A crowd of radical Hussites kill seven members of the Prague city council.
*1502 – Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay Islands ...
1966 FIFA World Cup
The 1966 FIFA World Cup was the eighth FIFA World Cup, a quadrennial football tournament for men's senior national teams. It was played in England from 11 July to 30 July 1966. The England national football team defeated West Germany 4-2 in the ...
extra time
Overtime or extra time is an additional period of play specified under the rules of a sport to bring a game to a decision and avoid declaring the match a tie or draw where the scores are the same. In some sports, this extra period is played onl ...
.
*
July 31
Events Pre-1600
*30 BC – Battle of Alexandria: Mark Antony achieves a minor victory over Octavian's forces, but most of his army subsequently deserts, leading to his suicide.
* 781 – The oldest recorded eruption of Mount Fuji (Tr ...
– The pleasure cruiser MV ''Darlwyne'' disappeared off the Cornwall coast with the loss of all 31 aboard.
Commonwealth Relations Office
The Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations was a British Cabinet minister responsible for dealing with the United Kingdom's relations with members of the Commonwealth of Nations (its former colonies). The minister's department was the Commo ...
to form a new
Commonwealth Office
The Secretary of State for Commonwealth Affairs was a British Cabinet minister responsible for dealing with the United Kingdom's relations with members of the Commonwealth of Nations (its former colonies). The minister's department was the Common ...
.
*
August 2
Events Pre-1600
*338 BC – A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Battle of Chaeronea, securing Macedonian hegemony in Greece and the Aegean.
*216 BC – The Carthaginian arm ...
– The Spanish government forbids overflights by British military aircraft.
*
August 5
Events Pre-1600
*AD 25 – Guangwu claims the throne as Emperor of China, restoring the Han dynasty after the collapse of the short-lived Xin dynasty.
* 70 – Fires resulting from the destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem are ...
** Groundbreaking takes place for the World Trade Center in New York City.
** Martin Luther King Jr. leads a civil rights march in Chicago, during which he is struck by a rock thrown from an angry white mob.
** The
Caesars Palace
Caesars Palace is a luxury hotel and casino in Paradise, Nevada, United States. The hotel is situated on the west side of the Las Vegas Strip between Bellagio and The Mirage. It is one of Las Vegas's largest and best known landmarks.
Caesars P ...
August 6
Events Pre-1600
*1284 – The Republic of Pisa is defeated in the Battle of Meloria by the Republic of Genoa, thus losing its naval dominance in the Mediterranean.
* 1538 – Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada ...
**
Braniff Flight 250
Braniff International Airways Flight 250 crashed near Falls City, Nebraska, on August 6, 1966, en route to Omaha from Kansas City, Missouri. Thirty-eight passengers and four crew members were killed in the crash, which occurred in a farm field ...
crashes in
Falls City, Nebraska
Falls City is a city and county seat of Richardson County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 4,133 at the 2020 census, down from 4,325 in 2010 and 4,671 in 2000.
History
Falls City was founded in the summer of 1857 by James Lane, John ...
, killing all 42 on board.
**
René Barrientos
René Barrientos Ortuño (30 May 1919 – 27 April 1969) was a Bolivian military officer and politician who served as the 47th president of Bolivia twice nonconsecutively from 1964 to 1966 and from 1966 to 1969. During much of his first term, ...
takes office as the President of
Bolivia
, image_flag = Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg
, flag_alt = Horizontal tricolor (red, yellow, and green from top to bottom) with the coat of arms of Bolivia in the center
, flag_alt2 = 7 × 7 square p ...
.
** The António de Oliveira Salazar, Salazar Bridge (later the 25 de Abril Bridge) opens in Lisbon, Portugal.
* August 10
** An East German court sentences Günter Laudahn to life imprisonment for spying for the United States.
** Lunar Orbiter 1, the first U.S. spacecraft to orbit the moon, is launched.
*
August 11
Events Pre-1600
* 3114 BC – The Mesoamerican Long Count calendar, used by several pre-Columbian Mesoamerican civilizations, notably the Maya, begins.
* 2492 BC – Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and founde ...
** Indonesia and Malaysia issue a joint peace declaration, formally ending the
Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation
The Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation or Borneo confrontation (also known by its Indonesian / Malay name, ''Konfrontasi'') was an armed conflict from 1963 to 1966 that stemmed from Indonesia's opposition to the creation of the Federation of ...
which began in 1963.
** The Beatles hold a press conference in Chicago, during which John Lennon apologizes for his "
more popular than Jesus
"More popular than Jesus" is part of a remark made by John Lennon of the Beatles in a March 1966 interview in which he argued that the public were more infatuated with the band than with Jesus and that Christian faith was declining to the exte ...
" remark, saying, "I didn't mean it as a lousy anti-religious thing."
* August 12 – Massacre of Braybrook Street: Harry Roberts, John Duddy and Jack Witney shoot dead 3 plainclothes policemen in London; they are later sentenced to life imprisonment.
* August 15 –
Syria
Syria ( ar, سُورِيَا or سُورِيَة, translit=Sūriyā), officially the Syrian Arab Republic ( ar, الجمهورية العربية السورية, al-Jumhūrīyah al-ʻArabīyah as-Sūrīyah), is a Western Asian country loc ...
n and Israeli troops clash over Lake Kinneret (also known as the Sea of Galilee) for 3 hours.
* August 17 – Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Republic begin negotiations in Kuwait to end the war in Yemen.
* August 18 – Vietnam War – Battle of Long Tan: D Company, 6th Battalion of the Royal Australian Regiment, meets and defeats a Viet Cong force estimated to be four times larger, in Phuoc Tuy Province, Republic of Vietnam.
* August 19 – The 6.8 1966 Varto earthquake, Varto earthquake affects the town of Varto in eastern Turkey with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (''Violent''), killing at least 2,394–3,000 and injuring at least 1,420.
* August 21 – Seven men are sentenced to death in Egypt for anti-
Nasser
Gamal Abdel Nasser Hussein, . (15 January 1918 – 28 September 1970) was an Egyptian politician who served as the second president of Egypt from 1954 until his death in 1970. Nasser led the Egyptian revolution of 1952 and introduced Egyptian ...
agitation.
* August 22
** The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is established.
** The United Farm Workers Organizing Committee (UFWOC), predecessor of the United Farm Workers, United Farm Workers of America (UFW), is formed.
* August 26 – The first battle of the South African Air Force and the South African Police with People's Liberation Army of Namibia, PLAN, the armed wing of the South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO), takes place at Ongulumbashe during Operation Blue Wildebeest, triggering the South African Border War which continues until 1989.
* August 29 – The Beatles end their The Beatles' 1966 US tour, U.S. tour with a concert at Candlestick Park in San Francisco. It is their last performance as a live touring band.
* August 30 – France offers independence to French Somaliland (Djibouti from 1977).
September
* September 1
** United Nations Secretary-General U Thant declares that he will not seek re-election, because U.N. efforts in Vietnam have failed.
** 98 British tourists die when Britannia Airways Flight 105 crashes in Ljubljana, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Yugoslavia.
* September 6 – South African Prime Minister Hendrik Verwoerd is stabbed to death in Parliament by Dimitri Tsafendas.
* September 9 – NATO decides to move Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe to Belgium.
* September 12
** Gemini 11 (Richard F. Gordon, Jr., Pete Conrad) docks with an Agena target vehicle.
** B. J. Vorster becomes the new Prime Minister of South Africa.
* September 13 – Cultural Revolution in China: Clashes between the Chinese Communist Party and the Red Guards are reported by Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union, TASS in the Soviet Union.
* September 16
** In South Vietnam, Thích Trí Quang ends a 100-day hunger strike.
** The Metropolitan Opera House (Lincoln Center), Metropolitan Opera House opens at Lincoln Center in New York City with the world premiere of Samuel Barber's opera ''Antony and Cleopatra (opera), Antony and Cleopatra''.
* September 19 – Indonesian military commander (later President)
Suharto
Suharto (; ; 8 June 1921 – 27 January 2008) was an Indonesian army officer and politician, who served as the second and the longest serving president of Indonesia. Widely regarded as a military dictator by international observers, Suharto ...
announces the resumption of Indonesian participation in the United Nations.
* September 29 – Hurricane Inez strikes Hispaniola, leaving thousands dead and tens of thousands homeless in the Dominican Republic and Haiti.
* September 30
** The Bechuanaland Protectorate in Africa achieves independence from the United Kingdom as Botswana, with Seretse Khama as its first President of Botswana, President.
** Baldur von Schirach and Albert Speer are released from Spandau Prison in West Berlin.
October
* October – Bobby Seale and Huey P. Newton found the Black Panther Party in the United States.
* October 1 – West Coast Airlines Flight 956 crashes with 18 fatal injuries and no survivors south of Wemme, Oregon, the first loss of a DC-9.
* October 3 – Tunisia severs diplomatic relations with the United Arab Republic.
* October 4
** Israel applies for membership in the European Economic Community, which is never granted.
** Basutoland becomes independent of the United Kingdom and takes the name Lesotho.
* October 5
** UNESCO signs the Recommendation Concerning the Status of Teachers. This event is to be celebrated as World Teachers' Day.
** Spain closes its Gibraltar border to vehicular traffic.
** An experimental breeder reactor at the Enrico Fermi Nuclear Generating Station in Michigan suffers a partial meltdown when its cooling system fails.
* October 6
** LSD is made illegal in the United States and controlled so strictly that not only are possession and recreational use criminalized, but all legal scientific research programs on the drug in the country are shut down as well.
** The Love Pageant Rally takes place in the Panhandle (San Francisco), Panhandle of Golden Gate Park (a narrow section that projects into San Francisco's Haight-Ashbury district).
* October 7 – The Soviet Union declares that all Chinese students must leave the country before the end of October.
* October 9 – Vietnam War: Binh Tai Massacre.
* October 11 – France and the Soviet Union sign a treaty for cooperation in nuclear research.
* October 14
** Closure of Intra Bank begins a crisis in the Lebanese banking system.
** The city of Montreal inaugurates the Montreal Metro system.
* October 17 – Lesotho and Botswana are admitted to the United Nations.
* October 21
** Aberfan disaster in South Wales (U.K.): 144 (including 116 children) are killed by a collapsing coal spoil tip.
** The AFL-NFL merger in American football is approved by the U.S. Congress.
* October 22 – Spain demands that the United Kingdom stop military flights to Gibraltar; Britain refuses the next day.
* October 26
** NATO decides to move its headquarters from Paris to Brussels.
** A fire aboard the aircraft carrier in the Gulf of Tonkin kills 44 crewmen.
* October 27
** The United Nations terminates the mandate given by the League of Nations and proclaims that South West Africa will be administrated by the United Nations. This is rejected by South Africa.
** Walt Disney records his final filmed appearance prior to his death, detailing his plans for EPCOT (concept), EPCOT, a utopian planned community, planned city to be built in Florida.
November
* November 1 – The National Football League in the United States awards its sixteenth franchise to the city of New Orleans. The team will be named the New Orleans Saints.
* November 2 – The Cuban Adjustment Act comes into force, allowing 123,000 Cubans the opportunity to apply for permanent residency in the United States.
* November 4 – 1966 flood of the Arno river in Italy hits Florence, flooding it to a maximum depth of , leaving thousands homeless and destroying millions of masterpieces of art and rare books. In addition, a 1966 Venice flood, severe tidal flood hits Venice.
* November 5 – Thirty-eight African states demand that the United Kingdom use force against the
Rhodesia
Rhodesia (, ), officially from 1970 the Republic of Rhodesia, was an unrecognised state in Southern Africa from 1965 to 1979, equivalent in territory to modern Zimbabwe. Rhodesia was the ''de facto'' successor state to the British colony of S ...
n government.
* November 6 – Lunar Orbiter 2 is launched.
* November 8 – Screen actor Ronald Reagan is elected Governor of California.
* November 10 – Seán Lemass retires as Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland to be replaced in the role by fellow Fianna Fáil member Jack Lynch.
* November 11
** A mine kills 3 Israelis, Israeli paratroopers on the West Bank border.
** Spain declares general amnesty for crimes committed during the Spanish Civil War, effective only for the Falangists' side.
* November 12 – Total solar eclipse occurs, the 20th solar eclipse of Solar Saros 142.
* November 14 – Jack L. Warner sells Warner Bros. to Seven Arts Productions, which eventually becomes Warner Bros.-Seven Arts.
* November 15
** Gemini 12 (James A. Lovell, Buzz Aldrin) splashes down safely in the Atlantic Ocean, east of the Bahamas.
** A Boeing 727 freighter on Pan Am Flight 708 crashes near Berlin, Germany, killing all three crew on board.
** Two young couples in Point Pleasant, West Virginia reportedly see a strange moth-like creature, which would become known as the Mothman.
* November 17
** The U.N. General Assembly decides to found the United Nations Industrial Development Organization.
** A spectacular Leonids, Leonid meteor shower passes over Arizona, at the rate of 2,300 a minute for 20 minutes.
* November 21 – In Togo, the army crushes an attempted coup.
* November 24
** The Beatles begin recording sessions for their ''Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band'' album at Abbey Road Studios in London.
** TABSO Flight 101, from Sofia, Bulgaria, crashes near Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, killing all 82 people on board.
* November 26
** 1966 Australian federal election:
Harold Holt
Harold Edward Holt (5 August 190817 December 1967) was an Australian politician who served as the 17th prime minister of Australia from 1966 until his presumed death in 1967. He held office as leader of the Liberal Party.
Holt was born in S ...
's Liberal Party of Australia, Liberal/National Party of Australia, Country Coalition (Australia), Coalition Holt Government, Government is re-elected with a significantly increased majority, defeating the Australian Labor Party, Labor Party led by Arthur Calwell. Calwell resigns as Labor leader shortly after; he will be 1967 Australian Labor Party leadership election, replaced by his deputy and future Prime Minister of Australia, Prime Minister Gough Whitlam.
** In the Canadian Football League, the Saskatchewan Roughriders defeat the Ottawa Rough Riders to win the 54th Grey Cup at Vancouver's Empire Stadium (Vancouver), Empire Stadium 29–14. Saskatchewan were led by quarterback Ron Lancaster.
* November 27 – The Washington Redskins defeat the New York Giants 72–41 in the highest scoring game in National Football League history.
* November 28 – Truman Capote's Black and White Ball ('The Party of the Century') is held in New York City.
* November 29 – The sinks in a storm on Lake Huron, killing 28 of 29 crewmen.
* November 30 – Barbados achieves Barbados Independence Act 1966, independence from the United Kingdom.
December
* December 1
** Kurt Georg Kiesinger is elected Chancellor of Germany (Federal Republic), Chancellor of West Germany.
** British Prime Minister
Harold Wilson
James Harold Wilson, Baron Wilson of Rievaulx, (11 March 1916 – 24 May 1995) was a British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom twice, from October 1964 to June 1970, and again from March 1974 to April 1976. He ...
and
Rhodesia
Rhodesia (, ), officially from 1970 the Republic of Rhodesia, was an unrecognised state in Southern Africa from 1965 to 1979, equivalent in territory to modern Zimbabwe. Rhodesia was the ''de facto'' successor state to the British colony of S ...
n Prime minister Ian Smith negotiate aboard in the Mediterranean.
* December 2 – U Thant agrees to serve a second term as United Nations Secretary General.
* December 3 – Anti-Portuguese demonstrations occur in Macau; a curfew is declared the next day.
* December 5 – The U.S. Supreme Court rules in ''Bond v. Floyd'' that the Georgia House of Representatives must seat Julian Bond, having violated his First Amendment to the United States Constitution, First and Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, Fourteenth Amendment rights.
* December 6 – Vietnam War: Bình Hòa massacre.
* December 7
**
Syria
Syria ( ar, سُورِيَا or سُورِيَة, translit=Sūriyā), officially the Syrian Arab Republic ( ar, الجمهورية العربية السورية, al-Jumhūrīyah al-ʻArabīyah as-Sūrīyah), is a Western Asian country loc ...
offers weapons to rebels in Jordan.
** Barbados is United Nations Security Council Resolution 230, admitted to the United Nations.
* December 8 – The Typaldos Line's ferry sinks in rough seas in the Aegean Sea near Crete, leaving 217 dead.
* December 12 – Harry Roberts (criminal), Harry Roberts, John Whitney and John Duddy are sentenced to life imprisonment (each with a recommended minimum of 30 years) for the Shepherd's Bush murders of three London policemen on August 12. Roberts, arrested on November 15 north of London, will eventually spend nearly 48 years in prison.
* December 16
** The United Nations Security Council approves an oil embargo against
Rhodesia
Rhodesia (, ), officially from 1970 the Republic of Rhodesia, was an unrecognised state in Southern Africa from 1965 to 1979, equivalent in territory to modern Zimbabwe. Rhodesia was the ''de facto'' successor state to the British colony of S ...
.
** The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights are adopted by the General Assembly, as Resolution 2200 A (XXI).
* December 17 – South Africa does not join the trade embargo against
Rhodesia
Rhodesia (, ), officially from 1970 the Republic of Rhodesia, was an unrecognised state in Southern Africa from 1965 to 1979, equivalent in territory to modern Zimbabwe. Rhodesia was the ''de facto'' successor state to the British colony of S ...
.
* December 19 – The Asian Development Bank begins operations.
* December 20 – U.K. Prime Minister
Harold Wilson
James Harold Wilson, Baron Wilson of Rievaulx, (11 March 1916 – 24 May 1995) was a British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom twice, from October 1964 to June 1970, and again from March 1974 to April 1976. He ...
withdraws all his previous offers to the
Rhodesia
Rhodesia (, ), officially from 1970 the Republic of Rhodesia, was an unrecognised state in Southern Africa from 1965 to 1979, equivalent in territory to modern Zimbabwe. Rhodesia was the ''de facto'' successor state to the British colony of S ...
n government and announces that he will agree to independence for the country only after the establishment of a Black majority government there.
* December 22 – Prime Minister Ian Smith declares that Rhodesia is already a republic.
* December 24 – New York television station WPIX broadcasts ''Yule Log (TV program), The Yule Log'' for the first time; it becomes a Christmas tradition.
* December 25 – Marionette sci-fi series ''Thunderbirds (TV series), Thunderbirds'' airs its final episode on ITV (TV network), ITV in the United Kingdom with a Christmas special.
* December 26 – The first Kwanzaa is celebrated by Maulana Karenga, founder of Organization US (a black nationalist group) and chair of Black Studies at California State University, Long Beach, from 1989 to 2002.
* December 31
** East German Premier Walter Ulbricht discusses negotiations about German reunification.
** Eight paintings worth millions of pounds are stolen from Dulwich Picture Gallery in London, but are recovered locally within a week.
** The Congolese government takes over the Union Minière du Haut Katanga.
Date unknown
* Konstantin Chernenko, later leader of the Soviet Union, becomes a candidate member of the Central Committee.
* Paramount Pictures Corporation becomes a wholly owned subsidiary of Gulf+Western Industries, Inc.
* Lise Meitner and Otto Hahn are awarded the Fermi Prize.
* The Congress of the United States creates the National Council for Marine Resources and Engineering Development.
* Martin Richards (computer scientist), Martin Richards designs the programming language BCPL.
* The World Buddhist Sangha (Buddhism), Sangha Council is convened by Theravada, Theravadins in Sri Lanka, with the hope of bridging differences and working together.
* ''The Jerusalem Bible'', a Roman Catholic translation, is published in English.
* Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann publish ''The Social Construction of Reality''.
* Long-term potentiation (LTP), the putative cell (biology), cellular mechanism of learning and memory, is first observed by Terje Lømo in Oslo, Norway.
* In or about this year, one person returning to Haiti from the Republic of the Congo, Congo is thought to have first brought HIV to the Americas.
Births
January
* January 1 – Ivica Dačić, Serbian politician, Prime Minister of Serbia 2012–2014
* January 4 – Christian Kern, Austrian politician, 24th Chancellor of Austria
* January 6 – Sharon Cuneta, Filipino actress, host and singer
* January 7 – Corrie Sanders, South African boxer (d. 2012)
* January 8
** Igor Vyazmikin, Russian ice hockey player (d. 2009)
** Andrew Wood (singer), Andrew Wood, American musician (d. 1990)
* January 13 – Patrick Dempsey, American actor and race car driver
* January 14
** Nadia Maftouni, Iranian philosopher
** Dan Schneider, American television producer, screenwriter and actor
* January 17
** Shabba Ranks, Jamaican singer
** Nobuyuki Kojima, Korean footballer
* January 19
** Floris Jan Bovelander, Dutch field-hockey player
** Stefan Edberg, Swedish tennis player
** Lena Philipsson, Swedish singer and media personality
*
January 20
Events Pre-1600
* 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution.
* 649 – King Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, crowns his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom.
* 1156 &ndas ...
– Rainn Wilson, American actor, writer and producer
*
January 22
Events Pre-1600
* 613 – Eight-month-old Constantine is crowned as co-emperor (''Caesar'') by his father Heraclius at Constantinople.
* 871 – Battle of Basing: The West Saxons led by King Æthelred I are defeated by the Danelaw Vi ...
– Jegath Gaspar Raj, Tamil Maiyam founder
* January 28 – Andrea Berg, German singer
* January 29 – Romário, Brazilian footballer and politician
February
*
February 1
Events Pre-1600
* 1327 – The teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Isabella and her lover Roger Mortimer.
* 1411 – The First Peace of Thorn is signed in Thorn (Toruń), Mon ...
– Michelle Akers, American footballer
*
February 3
Events Pre-1600
* 1112 – Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona, and Douce I, Countess of Provence, marry, uniting the fortunes of those two states.
*1451 – Sultan Mehmed II inherits the throne of the Ottoman Empire.
*1488 – ...
– Jimmy Thunder, Samoan boxer
* February 5 – José María Olazábal, Spanish golfer
* February 6 – Rick Astley, British pop musician
* February 7 – Kristin Otto, German swimmer
* February 8 – Hristo Stoichkov, Bulgarian footballer
* February 9 – Ellen van Langen, Dutch athlete
* February 11 – Cristina Elena Grigoraș, Romanian artistic gymnast
* February 13 – Neal McDonough, American actor
* February 17 – Quorthon, Swedish singer, songwriter, musician and record producer (d. 2004)
*
February 20
Events Pre-1600
*1339 – The Milanese army and the St. George's (San Giorgio) Mercenaries of Lodrisio Visconti clash in the Battle of Parabiago; Visconti is defeated.
*1472 – Orkney and Shetland are pawned by Norway to Scotland ...
– Cindy Crawford, American model and actress
* February 22 – Rachel Dratch, American actress and comedian
*
February 23
Events Pre-1600
* 303 – Roman emperor Diocletian orders the destruction of the Christian church in Nicomedia, beginning eight years of Diocletianic Persecution.
* 532 – Byzantine emperor Justinian I lays the foundation stone of a ...
**Alexandre Borges, Brazilian actor
**Didier Queloz, Swiss-born astronomer, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate
*
February 24
Events Pre-1600
* 484 – King Huneric of the Vandals replaces Nicene bishops with Arian ones, and banishes some to Corsica.
* 1303 – The English are defeated at the Battle of Roslin, in the First War of Scottish Independence.
* 13 ...
– Billy Zane, American actor
* February 25
** Samson Kitur, Kenyan athlete
** Téa Leoni, American actress
* February 26
** Jennifer Grant, American actress
** Najwa Karam, Lebanese singer
* February 27 – Alison Gertz, American AIDS activist (d. 1992)
*
February 28
Events Pre-1600
*202 BC – Liu Bang is enthroned as the Emperor of China, beginning four centuries of rule by the Han dynasty.
* 870 – The Fourth Council of Constantinople closes.
*1525 – Aztec king Cuauhtémoc is executed on ...
** Paulo Futre, Portuguese footballer
** Ickey Woods, American football player
March
* March 1 – Zack Snyder, American actor, film director, screenwriter and producer
* March 2 – Sheren Tang, Hong Kong actress
* March 3
** Fernando Colunga, Mexican actor
** Vander Lee, Brazilian singer-songwriter (d. 2016)
** Tone Lōc, African American R&B musician
* March 4
** Steve Bastoni, Australian actor
** Kevin Johnson (basketball), Kevin Johnson, American basketball player
* March 9 – Tony Lockett, Australian rules footballer
* March 10 – Edie Brickell, American singer
* March 13 – Chico Science, Brazilian musician (d. 1997)
* March 17 – Espen Hammer, Norwegian philosopher
* March 18 – Jerry Cantrell, American guitarist and singer
* March 22
** Pia Cayetano, Filipino politician, and lawyer
** António Pinto (athlete), Antonio Pinto, Portuguese long-distance runner
* March 25
** Tom Glavine, American baseball player, MLB Hall of Fame member
** Jeff Healey, Canadian guitarist (d. 2008)
** Anton Rogan, Northern Irish footballer
** Remig Stumpf, German cyclist (d. 2019)
* March 26 – Michael Imperioli, American actor
* March 29 – Krasimir Balakov, Bulgarian footballer
April
* April 2 – Teddy Sheringham, British footballer
*
April 8
Events Pre-1600
* 217 – Roman emperor Caracalla is assassinated and is succeeded by his Praetorian Guard prefect, Marcus Opellius Macrinus.
* 876 – The Battle of Dayr al-'Aqul saves Baghdad from the Saffarids.
*1139 – Ro ...
** Cynthia Nixon, American actress
** Robin Wright, American actress
* April 11 – Lisa Stansfield, British soul singer
* April 13 – Ali Boumnijel, Tunisian footballer
* April 14 - Greg Maddux, American baseball player, MLB Hall of Fame member
* April 15 – Samantha Fox, British model and singer
* April 17 – Vikram (actor), Vikram, Indian actor
* April 18 – Trine Hattestad, Norwegian athlete
* April 20 – David Chalmers, Australian philosopher
* April 22 – Jeffrey Dean Morgan, American actor
* April 25 – Man Arenas, Spanish comic creator
* April 26 – Natasha Trethewey, Pulitzer Prize–winning poet
*
April 27
Events Pre-1600
* 247 – Philip the Arab marks the millennium of Rome with a celebration of the ''ludi saeculares''.
* 395 – Emperor Arcadius marries Aelia Eudoxia, daughter of the Frankish general Flavius Bauto. She becomes one of ...
** Siw Anita Andersen Norwegian actress
** Yoshihiro Togashi, Japanese author and illustrator
* April 28 – Ali Reza Pahlavi (born 1966), Ali-Reza Pahlavi, titular prince of Iran (d. 2011)
May
* May 3 – Firdous Bamji, Indian-American actor
* May 5 – Lyubov Yegorova (cross-country skier), Lyubov Yegorova, Russian cross-country skier
* May 6
** Andrea Chiesa, Swiss Formula One driver
** Cindy Hsu, American Emmy Award-winning journalist
* May 7
** Anderson Cummins, Canadian cricketer
** Jes Høgh, Danish footballer
* May 8
** Robert J. Behnen, American genealogist and politician
** Kamil Kašťák, Czech ice hockey player
** Marta Sánchez, Spanish female vocalist, entertainer
** Cláudio Taffarel, Brazilian goalkeeper
* May 10
** Mikael Andersson (ice hockey, born 1966), Mikael Andersson, Swedish ice hockey player
** Jonathan Edwards (triple jumper), Jonathan Edwards, British athlete
** Anne Elvebakk, Norwegian biathlete
** Genaro Hernández, Mexican-American boxer
** Wade Dominguez, American actor, model, singer and dancer (d. 1998)
* May 12
** Stephen Baldwin, American actor
** Bebel Gilberto, Brazilian popular singer
* May 13
** Cheryl Dunye, Liberian-born film director, producer, screenwriter, editor and actress
** Darius Rucker, African American country singer
*
May 16
Events Pre-1600
* 946 – Emperor Suzaku abdicates the throne in favor of his brother Murakami who becomes the 62nd emperor of Japan.
*1204 – Baldwin IX, Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire.
* 1364 ...
** Janet Jackson, African American R&B singer
** Juan Manuel Funes, Guatemalan footballer and coach
* May 17
** Hill Harper, American actor
** Qusay Hussein, Iraqi politician (d. 2003)
* May 19 – Polly Walker, English actress
* May 21
** Lisa Edelstein, American actress and playwright
** François Omam-Biyik, Cameroonian football player
* May 22 – Siri Eftedal, Norwegian team handball player and Olympic medalist
* May 23
** H. Jon Benjamin, American actor and comedian
** Graeme Hick, English cricketer
*
May 24
Events Pre-1600
* 919 – The nobles of Franconia and Saxony elect Henry the Fowler at the Imperial Diet in Fritzlar as king of the East Frankish Kingdom.
* 1218 – The Fifth Crusade leaves Acre for Egypt.
* 1276 – Magnus La ...
** Eric Cantona, French footballer
** Francisco Javier Cruz, Mexican football player
** Russell Kun, Nauruan politician
* May 25 – Ahmad Reza Abedzadeh, Iranian goalkeeper
*
May 26
Events Pre-1600
* 17 – Germanicus celebrates a triumph in Rome for his victories over the Cherusci, Chatti, and other German tribes west of the Elbe.
* 451 – Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sasanian Empire take ...
** Helena Bonham Carter, English actress
** Zola Budd, South African athlete
* May 27
** Heston Blumenthal, British chef
** Carol Campbell (actress), Carol Campbell, Afro-German actress, model and presenter
* May 30 – Thomas Häßler, German football player
June
* June 3 – Wasim Akram, Pakistani cricketer
* June 4
** Cecilia Bartoli, Italian mezzo-soprano
** Svetlana Jitomirskaya, American mathematician
** Vladimir Voevodsky, Russian mathematician (d. 2017)
*
June 6
Events Pre-1600
* 913 – Constantine VII, the eight-year-old illegitimate son of Leo VI the Wise, becomes nominal ruler of the Byzantine Empire under the regency of a seven-man council headed by Patriarch Nicholas Mystikos, appointed b ...
– Faure Gnassingbé, President of Togo
* June 7 – Tom McCarthy (director), Tom McCarthy, American film director and actor
* June 8
** Jens Kidman, Swedish musician
** Julianna Margulies, American actress and producer
* June 13 – Grigori Perelman, Russian mathematician
* June 14 – Eduardo Waghorn, Chilean musician
* June 15 – Roberto Carnevale, Italian musician
* June 16 – Jan Železný, Czech javelin thrower
* June 18 – Kurt Browning, Canadian figure skater
* June 19 – Samuel West, British actor
* June 22
** Michael Park (co-driver), Michael Park, British rally co-driver (d. 2005)
** Emmanuelle Seigner, French actress
** Dean Woods, Australian cyclist and Olympic champion (d. 2022)
* June 23 – Richie Jen, Taiwanese musician
* June 24 – Adrienne Shelly, American actress, film director and screenwriter (d. 2006)
* June 25 – Dikembe Mutombo, Congolese basketball player
* June 26 – Dany Boon, French comedian and filmmaker
* June 27 – J. J. Abrams, American television writer and producer
*
June 28
Events Pre-1600
* 1098 – Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul at the battle of Antioch.
* 1360 – Muhammed VI becomes the tenth Nasrid king of Granada after killing his brother-in-law Ismail II.
* 1461 – ...
** John Cusack, American actor
** Mary Stuart Masterson, American actress
* June 29 – Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, Indonesian politician, governor of Jakarta
* June 30
** Cheryl Bernard, Canadian Olympic curler
** Marton Csokas, New Zealand actor
** Mike Tyson, African American boxer
July
*
July 1
Events Pre-1600
* 69 – Tiberius Julius Alexander orders his Roman legions in Alexandria to swear allegiance to Vespasian as Emperor.
* 552 – Battle of Taginae: Byzantine forces under Narses defeat the Ostrogoths in Italy, and the ...
** Enrico Annoni, Italian footballer
** Samir Rifai, Prime Minister of Jordan
* July 3 – František Štorm, Czech musician (Master's Hammer) and typographer
* July 5 – Gianfranco Zola, Italian footballer
*
July 8
Events Pre-1600
* 1099 – Some 15,000 starving Christian soldiers begin the siege of Jerusalem by marching in a religious procession around the city as its Muslim defenders watch.
* 1283 – Roger of Lauria, commanding the Aragonese ...
– Shadlog Bernicke, Nauruan politician
* July 9 – Pamela Adlon, American actress, voice actress, screenwriter, producer and director
* July 10 – Gina Bellman, New Zealand-British actress
* July 11 – Kentaro Miura, Japanese author and illustrator
* July 14 – Matthew Fox, American actor
* July 15
** Irène Jacob, French-born actress
** Kristoff St. John, American actor (d. 2019)
* July 16
** Frankie Gan Joon Zin, Malaysian politician
** Waytha Moorthy Ponnusamy, Malaysian lawyer
* July 18
** Lori Alan, American actress and voice actress
** Dan O'Brien, American athlete
* July 20 – Enrique Peña Nieto, President of Mexico (2012-2018), Governor of the State of Mexico (2005–2011)
* July 21 – Sarah Waters, British novelist
* July 26 – Angelo Di Livio, Italian footballer
* July 28 – Miguel Ángel Nadal, Spanish footballer
* July 29 – Richard Steven Horvitz, American actor and voice actor
*
July 30
Events Pre-1600
* 762 – Baghdad is founded.
*1419 – First Defenestration of Prague: A crowd of radical Hussites kill seven members of the Prague city council.
*1502 – Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay Islands ...
** Murilo Bustamante, Brazilian mixed martial artist
** Allan Langer, Australian rugby league player
*
July 31
Events Pre-1600
*30 BC – Battle of Alexandria: Mark Antony achieves a minor victory over Octavian's forces, but most of his army subsequently deserts, leading to his suicide.
* 781 – The oldest recorded eruption of Mount Fuji (Tr ...
– Dean Cain, American actor
August
*
August 5
Events Pre-1600
*AD 25 – Guangwu claims the throne as Emperor of China, restoring the Han dynasty after the collapse of the short-lived Xin dynasty.
* 70 – Fires resulting from the destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem are ...
– James Gunn, American filmmaker
* August 7
** Harith Iskander, Malaysian actor and comedian
** Jimmy Wales, American-British entrepreneur, co-founder of Wikipedia. Quoted from the April 25, 2004, first-ever press release issued by the Wikimedia Foundation.
* August 10
** Charlie Dimmock, English TV gardening expert
** Hossam Hassan, Egyptian footballer
** André Sogliuzzo, American actor and voice actor
*
August 11
Events Pre-1600
* 3114 BC – The Mesoamerican Long Count calendar, used by several pre-Columbian Mesoamerican civilizations, notably the Maya, begins.
* 2492 BC – Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and founde ...
– Juan María Solare, Argentine composer
* August 12 – Les Ferdinand, English footballer
* August 14
** Halle Berry, American actress
** Freddy Rincón, Colombian footballer (d. 2022)
* August 17 – Rodney Mullen, American skateboarder
* August 19 – Lee Ann Womack, American musician
* August 20
** Dimebag Darrell, American guitarist (d. 2004)
** Enrico Letta, 55th Prime Minister of Italy
** Liu Chunyan, Chinese voice actress and host
* August 23 – Rik Smits, Dutch basketball player
* August 26 – Jacques Brinkman, Dutch field hockey player
* August 27
** Jeroen Duyster, Dutch rower
** Juhan Parts, 15th Prime Minister of Estonia
* August 28 – Priya Dutt, Indian social worker and politician
September
* September 1 – Tim Hardaway, American basketball player
* September 2 – Salma Hayek, Mexican-American actress
* September 4 – Yanka Dyagileva, Russian singer (d. 1991)
* September 6
** Emil Boc, 61st Prime Minister of Romania
** Eduardo Maruri, Ecuadorian businessman and politician
* September 7
** Vladimir Andreyev (racewalker), Vladimir Andreyev, Russian race walker
** Toby Jones, English actor
** Gunda Niemann-Stirnemann, German speed skater
* September 8 – Carola Häggkvist, Swedish pop singer, Eurovision Song Contest Eurovision Song Contest 1991, 1991 winner
* September 9
** Georg Hackl, German skiing, luger
** Adam Sandler, American actor and comedian
* September 12
** Steve Ells, American entrepreneur and founder of Chipotle Mexican Grill
** Kiko, Princess Akishino, Princess Akishino of Japan
** Malu Mader, Brazilian actress
* September 20 – Nuno Bettencourt, Portuguese-American guitarist and singer-songwriter
* September 21 – Nechirvan Barzani, President of Iraqi Kurdistan
* September 22
** Erdoğan Atalay, German actor
** Moustafa Amar, Egyptian singer
* September 25 – Jason Flemyng, English actor
* September 28 – Maria Canals-Barrera, American actress
* September 29 – Bujar Nishani, President of Albania (d. 2022)
October
* October 1
** Ashab Uddin, Indian politician
** George Weah, Liberian politician and football player
* October 2 – Yokozuna (wrestler), Rodney Anoa'i, Samoan-American professional wrestler (d. 2000)
* October 3 – Rabbi Binyamin Ze'ev Kahane, Israeli settler leader (d. 2000)
* October 5 – Inessa Kravets, Ukrainian athlete
* October 6 – Niall Quinn, Irish footballer
* October 7 – Sherman Alexie, Native American author
* October 8 – Aaron Callaghan (footballer, born 1966), Aaron Callaghan, Irish football club executive
* October 9 – David Cameron, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
* October 10
** Tony Adams, English footballer
** Carolyn Bertozzi, American chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate
** Bai Ling, Chinese actress
** Elana Meyer, South African athlete
* October 11 – Luke Perry, American actor (d. 2019)
* October 15
** Eric Benét, African American singer-songwriter
** Jorge Campos, Mexican footballer and coach
* October 18 – Angela Visser, Dutch winner of Miss Universe 1989
* October 19 – Jon Favreau, American actor and director
* October 20 – Stefan Raab, German entertainer, television host, comedian and musician
* October 22 – Valeria Golino, Italian-Greek film and television actress
* October 24 – Roman Abramovich, UK-based Russian billionaire businessman
* October 25 – Wendel Clark, Canadian hockey player
* October 28 – Andy Richter, American actor, writer, comedian and late night talk show announcer
* October 30 – Zoran Milanović, Croatian politician, President of Croatia
* October 31
**Ad-Rock, Adam Horovitz, American rapper
**Mike O'Malley, American actor and playwright
November
*November 2
**David Schwimmer, American actor
* November 3 – Joe Hachem, Lebanese-born Australian poker player
* November 8 – Gordon Ramsay, Scottish-born chef, restaurateur and television personality
* November 11
** Benedicta Boccoli, Italian model and actress
** Peaches (musician), Peaches, Canadian musician
* November 13 – Susanna Haapoja, Finnish politician (d. 2009)
* November 15 – Rachel True, American actress
* November 17
** Jeff Buckley, American singer-songwriter (d. 1997)
** Daisy Fuentes, Cuban-born American model and television personality
** Sophie Marceau, French actress
* November 19
** Gail Devers, American track and field athlete
** Jason Scott Lee, American actor and martial artist
* November 22
** Orlando Jorge Mera, Dominican politician (d. 2022)
** Michael K. Williams, American actor (d. 2021)
* November 23
**Vincent Cassel, French actor
**Michelle Gomez, Scottish actress
* November 24 – Juan Pablo Gamboa, Colombian actor
* November 25
** Billy Burke (actor), Billy Burke, American actor
** Roberto Rojas, Bolivian politician (d. 2022)
* November 26 – Garcelle Beauvais, Haitian-American actress, singer and fashion model
* November 28 – Narumi Yasuda, Japanese actress
* November 29 – John Bradshaw Layfield, American professional wrestler
December
* December 1 - Larry Walker, Canadian baseball player, MLB Hall of Fame member
* December 3 – Adam Berry, American composer
* December 4
** Fred Armisen, American actor, comedian and musician
** Carey Means, American actor and voice artist
* December 5 – Patricia Kaas, French singer and actress
* December 7
** C. Thomas Howell, American actor and director
** Linn Ullmann, Norwegian journalist and author
* December 8
** Bushwick Bill, Jamaican-American rapper (d. 2019)
** Matthew Labyorteaux, American actor
** Sinéad O'Connor, Irish pop singer
** Ralph Santolla, Italian-American metal guitarist (d. 2018)
* December 9
** Tim Bull, Australian politician
** Michael Foster (musician), Michael Foster, American musician, drummer
* December 10
** Montserrat Gil Torné, Andorran politician
** Kirsten Gillibrand, American politician; United States Senator (D-NY)
** Julio Rodas, Guatemalan soccer player
** Mateo Romero (artist), Mateo Romero, Native American painter
** Gideon Sa'ar, Israeli politician
** Kadyrbek Sarbayev, foreign minister of Kyrgyzstan
** Natee Thongsookkaew, Thailand footballer
* December 12
** Último Dragón, Japanese professional wrestler
** Lydia Zimmermann, Spanish filmmaker
* December 14
** Anthony Mason (basketball), Anthony Mason, American basketball player (d. 2015)
** Helle Thorning-Schmidt, Danish Prime Minister
* December 15 – Katja von Garnier, German film director
* December 17 – Miloš Tichý, Czech astronomer
* December 19
** Tim Sköld, Swedish multi-instrumentalist musician
** Alberto Tomba, Italian alpine skier
* December 20 – Ed de Goeij, Dutch footballer
* December 21 – Kiefer Sutherland, Canadian actor and film director
* December 22
** Din Beramboi, Malaysian comedian, actor and radio DJ (d. 2010)
** Dmitry Bilozerchev, Soviet gymnast
* December 23 – Cláudia Raia, Brazilian actress, dancer and singer
* December 24 – Diedrich Bader, American actor and voice artist
* December 27 – Bill Goldberg, American professional wrestler
* December 28 – Kaliopi, Macedonian singer-songwriter
* December 31 – Maddie Taylor, American actress and comedian
Date unknown
* Guli Francis-Dehqani, Iranian-born Anglican diocesan bishop
* Julian Hooper, New Zealand artist
* Charbel Iskandar, Lebanese actor
* Kivi Larmola, Finnish artist
Deaths
January
* January 1 – Vincent Auriol, French politician, President of France (b. 1884)
*
January 3
Events Pre-1600
*AD 69, 69 – The Roman legions on the Rhine refuse to declare their allegiance to Galba, instead proclaiming their legate, Aulus Vitellius, as emperor.
* 250 – Emperor Decius orders everyone in the Roman Empire (ex ...
** Sammy Younge Jr., American civil rights activist (b. 1944)
** Marguerite Higgins, American journalist (b. 1920)
** Rex Lease, American actor (b. 1903)
* January 4 – Georges Theunis, 24th Prime Minister of Belgium (b. 1873)
*
January 10
Events Pre-1600
*49 BC – Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signalling the start of civil war.
* 9 – The Western Han dynasty ends when Wang Mang claims that the divine Mandate of Heaven called for the end of the dynasty and the be ...
– Ignacy Oziewicz, Polish general (b. 1887)
* January 11
** Alberto Giacometti, Swiss sculptor and painter (b. 1901)
** Hannes Kolehmainen, Finnish Olympic athlete (b. 1889)
** Lal Bahadur Shastri, Indian activist, 2nd
Prime Minister of India
The prime minister of India (IAST: ) is the head of government of the Republic of India. Executive authority is vested in the prime minister and their chosen Council of Ministers, despite the president of India being the nominal head of the ...
(b. 1904)
* January 14
** Sergei Korolev, Soviet rocket engineer and spacecraft designer (b. 1907)
** Bill Carr, American Olympic athlete (b. 1909)
*
January 15
Events Pre-1600
* 69 – Otho seizes power in Rome, proclaiming himself Emperor of Rome, beginning a reign of only three months.
* 1541 – King Francis I of France gives Jean-François Roberval a commission to settle the province of ...
** Samuel Akintola, Nigerian premier of the Western Nigeria, Western region and Aare Ona Kakanfo XIII of the Yoruba (assassinated) (b. 1910)
** Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, Nigerian politician, 1st Prime Minister of Nigeria (assassinated) (b. 1912)
** Ahmadu Bello, Nigerian premier of the Premier of Northern Nigeria, Northern region (assassinated) (b. 1910)
* January 16 – Courtney Hodges, American army general (b. 1887)
* January 17 – Vincent J. Donehue, American stage director (b. 1917)
* January 18 – Kathleen Norris, American writer (b. 1880)
*
January 22
Events Pre-1600
* 613 – Eight-month-old Constantine is crowned as co-emperor (''Caesar'') by his father Heraclius at Constantinople.
* 871 – Battle of Basing: The West Saxons led by King Æthelred I are defeated by the Danelaw Vi ...
– Herbert Marshall, English actor (b. 1890)
* January 25 – Saul Adler, Russian-born British-Israeli expert on parasitology (b. 1895)
* January 31
** Elizabeth Patterson (actress), Elizabeth Patterson, American actress (b. 1875)
** Arthur Percival, British general (b.1887)
February
*
February 1
Events Pre-1600
* 1327 – The teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Isabella and her lover Roger Mortimer.
* 1411 – The First Peace of Thorn is signed in Thorn (Toruń), Mon ...
** Hedda Hopper, American actress and gossip columnist (b. 1885)
** Buster Keaton, American actor and film director (b. 1895)
** Joseph R. Knowland, American politician and newspaper publisher (b. 1873)
*
February 3
Events Pre-1600
* 1112 – Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona, and Douce I, Countess of Provence, marry, uniting the fortunes of those two states.
*1451 – Sultan Mehmed II inherits the throne of the Ottoman Empire.
*1488 – ...
– June Walker, American actress (b. 1900)
* February 5 – Louisa Martindale, British physician, writer, magistrate and prison commissioner (b. 1872)
* February 6 – Narcisa de León, Filipino film producer (b. 1877)
* February 9 – Sophie Tucker, American singer (b. 1886)
* February 10
** J. F. C. Fuller, British general and military strategist (b. 1878)
** Billy Rose, American composer and band leader (b. 1899)
* February 12 – Wilhelm Röpke, German economist (b. 1899)
* February 15
** Gerard Antoni Ciołek, Gerard Ciołek, Polish architect and historian (b. 1909)
** Camilo Torres Restrepo, Colombian socialist and Roman Catholic priest (b. 1929)
* February 17
**Alfred P. Sloan, American automobile industrialist (b. 1875)
**Hans Hofmann, German-American painter (b. 1880)
* February 18 – Robert Rossen, American film director (b. 1908)
*
February 20
Events Pre-1600
*1339 – The Milanese army and the St. George's (San Giorgio) Mercenaries of Lodrisio Visconti clash in the Battle of Parabiago; Visconti is defeated.
*1472 – Orkney and Shetland are pawned by Norway to Scotland ...
– Chester W. Nimitz, American Navy admiral (b. 1885)
* February 25 – Victor Kravchenko (defector), Victor Kravchenko, Soviet writer (b. 1905)
* February 26
** Vinayak Damodar Savarkar, Indian pro-independence activist, Hindu nationalist (b. 1883)
** Gino Severini, Italian painter (b. 1883)
*
February 28
Events Pre-1600
*202 BC – Liu Bang is enthroned as the Emperor of China, beginning four centuries of rule by the Han dynasty.
* 870 – The Fourth Council of Constantinople closes.
*1525 – Aztec king Cuauhtémoc is executed on ...
** Charles Bassett, American astronaut (b. 1931)
** Jonathan Hale, American actor (b. 1891)
** Elliot See, American astronaut (b. 1927)
March
* March 1
** Fritz Houtermans, German physicist (b. 1903)
** William R. Munroe, American admiral (b. 1886)
** Donald Stewart (actor), Donald Stewart, American actor (b. 1910)
* March 3
** Joseph Fields, American playwright (b. 1895)
** William Frawley, American actor (''I Love Lucy'') (b. 1887)
** Alice Pearce, American actress (b. 1917)
*
March 5
Events Pre-1600
* 363 – Roman emperor Julian leaves Antioch with an army of 90,000 to attack the Sasanian Empire, in a campaign which would bring about his own death.
* 1046 – Nasir Khusraw begins the seven-year Middle Eastern ...
– Anna Akhmatova, Russian poet (b. 1889)
*
March 7
Events Pre-1600
* 161 – Marcus Aurelius and L. Commodus (who changes his name to Lucius Verus) become joint emperors of Rome on the death of Antoninus Pius.
* 1138 – Konrad III von Hohenstaufen was elected king of Germany at Cob ...
– Donald B. Beary, American admiral (b. 1888)
* March 8
** William Astor, 3rd Viscount Astor, British politician (b. 1907)
** Abdel Hadi Al Gazzar, Egyptian painter (b. 1925)
* March 10
** Frank O'Connor, Irish writer (b. 1903)
** Frits Zernike, Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1888)
* March 12 – Néstor Guillén, Bolivian politician, 40th President of Bolivia (b. 1890)
* March 20
** Laurence Abrams, English professional footballer (b. 1889)
** Johnny Morrison (baseball), Johnny Morrison, American professional baseball player (b. 1895)
* March 27 – Helen Menken, American actress (b. 1901)
* March 29 – Stylianos Gonatas, Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1876)
* March 30 – Erwin Piscator, German theater director (b. 1893)
April
* April 1 – Brian O'Nolan, Irish humorist (b. 1911)
* April 2 – C. S. Forester, English author (b. 1899)
* April 3 – Battista Farina, Italian car designer (b. 1893)
* April 6 – Julia Faye, American actress (b. 1893)
* April 10 – Evelyn Waugh, English author (b. 1903)
*April 11 - William H. Pitsenbarger, United States Air Force Medal of Honour recipient (b. 1944)
* April 13
** Carlo Carrà, Italian painter (b. 1881)
** Georges Duhamel, French author (b. 1884)
** Abdul Salam Arif, Iraqi military officer and statesman, 2nd President of Iraq (b. 1921)
* April 17 – Mario Serandrei, Italian editor and screenwriter (b. 1907)
* April 19 – Javier Solís, Mexican singer and actor (b. 1931)
* April 20 – Prince Frederick of Prussia (1911–1966), Prince Frederick of Prussia (b. 1911)
*
April 21
Events Pre-1600
*753 BC – Romulus founds Rome ( traditional date).
* 43 BC – Battle of Mutina: Mark Antony is again defeated in battle by Aulus Hirtius, who is killed. Antony fails to capture Mutina and Decimus Brutus is murdered ...
– Sepp Dietrich, Nazi German military leader and Schutzstaffel, SS commander (b. 1892)
* April 23 – George Ohsawa, Japanese dietist, founder of Macrobiotics (b. 1893)
* April 24 – Tino Pattiera, Yugoslav-born Italian tenor (b. 1890)
* April 29 – Eugene O'Brien (actor), Eugene O'Brien, American actor (b. 1880)
May
* May 4 – Amédée Ozenfant, French painter (b. 1886)
* May 8 – Erich Pommer, German film producer (b. 1889)
* May 11 – Alfred Wintle, British army officer and eccentric (b. 1897)
*
May 14
Events Pre-1600
* 1027 – Robert II of France names his son Henry I as junior King of the Franks.
*1097 – The Siege of Nicaea begins during the First Crusade.
* 1264 – Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured and forc ...
– Ludwig Meidner, German painter (b. 1884)
* May 15
** Venceslau Brás, 9th President of Brazil, leader in World War II (b. 1868)
** Maximiliano Hernández Martínez, 30th President of El Salvador (assassinated) (b. 1882)
** Titien Sumarni, Indonesian actress (b. 1932)
* May 20 – Carlos Arruza, Mexican bullfighter (b. 1920)
* May 21 – Lady Dorothy Macmillan, spouse of the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1900)
* May 22 – Tom Goddard, English cricketer (b. 1900)
* May 23 – Demchugdongrub, Mongolian politician (b. 1902)
*
May 24
Events Pre-1600
* 919 – The nobles of Franconia and Saxony elect Henry the Fowler at the Imperial Diet in Fritzlar as king of the East Frankish Kingdom.
* 1218 – The Fifth Crusade leaves Acre for Egypt.
* 1276 – Magnus La ...
– Jim Barnes, English golf champion (b. 1886)
* May 25 – Vernon Sturdee, Australian general (b. 1890)
* May 29 – John and James Woolf, James Woolf, British film producer (b. 1919)
June
* June 1 – Papa Jack Laine, American jazz musician (b. 1873)
* June 3 – Nicholas Straussler, Hungarian engineer (b. 1891)
*
June 6
Events Pre-1600
* 913 – Constantine VII, the eight-year-old illegitimate son of Leo VI the Wise, becomes nominal ruler of the Byzantine Empire under the regency of a seven-man council headed by Patriarch Nicholas Mystikos, appointed b ...
– Ethel Clayton, American actress (b. 1882)
* June 7 – Jean Arp, Alsatian sculptor, painter and poet (b. 1886)
* June 8 – Anton Melik, Slovenian geographer (b. 1890)
* June 11 – Wallace Ford, English-born American actor (b. 1898)
*
June 12
Events Pre-1600
* 910 – Battle of Augsburg: The Hungarians defeat the East Frankish army under King Louis the Child, using the famous feigned retreat tactic of the nomadic warriors.
* 1240 – At the instigation of Louis IX of Fr ...
** William Ernest Hocking, American philosopher (b. 1873)
** Hermann Scherchen, Austrian conductor (b. 1891)
* June 15 – Robert G. Fowler, American pioneer aviator (b. 1884)
* June 19 – Ed Wynn, American actor and comedian (b. 1886)
* June 20 – Georges Lemaître, Belgian priest and astrophysicist (b. 1894)
* June 30
** Margery Allingham, British detective fiction writer (b. 1904)
** Giuseppe Farina, Italian race car driver (b. 1906)
July
* July 2
** Jan Brzechwa, Polish poet (b. 1900)
** John of Shanghai and San Francisco, John the Wonderworker, Chinese Eastern Orthodox Church, Orthodox bishop, American archbishop and saint (b. 1896)
* July 3 – Deems Taylor, American composer (b. 1885)
* July 5 – George de Hevesy, Hungarian chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1885)
* July 7 – Carmelita Geraghty, American actress (b. 1901)
* July 9 – Venerable Marija Petković, Yugoslav Roman Catholic foundress and Servant of God (b. 1892)
* July 11 – Delmore Schwartz, American poet (b. 1913)
*
July 12
Events Pre-1600
* 70 – The armies of Titus attack the walls of Jerusalem after a six-month siege. Three days later they breach the walls, which enables the army to destroy the Second Temple.
* 927 – King Constantine II of ...
– D. T. Suzuki, Japanese scholar and essayist (b. 1870)
* July 14 – Julie Manet, French painter (b. 1878)
* July 18 – Bobby Fuller, American rock and roll musician (b. 1942)
* July 21
** Francesco Paolo Cantelli, Italian mathematician (b. 1875)
** Philipp Frank, Austrian physicist and mathematician (b. 1884)
* July 23
** Montgomery Clift, American actor (b. 1920)
** Douglass Montgomery, American actor (b. 1907)
* July 25 – Frank O'Hara, American poet (b. 1926)
*
July 31
Events Pre-1600
*30 BC – Battle of Alexandria: Mark Antony achieves a minor victory over Octavian's forces, but most of his army subsequently deserts, leading to his suicide.
* 781 – The oldest recorded eruption of Mount Fuji (Tr ...
** Alexander von Falkenhausen, German general and military advisor, 20 July Plotter (b. 1878)
** Bud Powell, American jazz pianist (b. 1924)
August
* August 1 – Charles Whitman, American mass murderer (b. 1941)
* August 3 – Lenny Bruce, American comedian (b. 1925)
*
August 6
Events Pre-1600
*1284 – The Republic of Pisa is defeated in the Battle of Meloria by the Republic of Genoa, thus losing its naval dominance in the Mediterranean.
* 1538 – Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada ...
– Cordwainer Smith, American author (b. 1913)
* August 12 – Artur Alliksaar, Estonian poet (b. 1923)
* August 15
** Jan Kiepura, Polish tenor and actor (b. 1902)
** Seena Owen, American actress (b. 1894)
* August 17 – Ken Miles, British sports car racing engineer and driver (b. 1918)
* August 19 – Fritz Bleyl, German painter (b. 1880)
* August 23 – Francis X. Bushman, American actor (b. 1883)
* August 24
** Tadeusz Bór-Komorowski, Polish general and statesman, 33rd Prime Minister of Poland (b. 1895)
** Vicente Mejía Colindres, 29th President of Honduras (b. 1878)
* August 26 – Art Baker (actor), Art Baker, American actor (b. 1898)
September
* September 3 – Fu Lei, Chinese translator (b. 1908)
* September 6
** Margaret Sanger, American birth control advocate (b. 1879)
** Hendrik Verwoerd, 2nd Prime Minister of South Africa (b. 1901)
* September 14
** Gertrude Berg, American actress (b. 1899)
** Hiram Wesley Evans, American Ku Klux Klan Imperial Wizard (b. 1881)
** Cemal Gürsel, Turkish general and statesman, 10th Prime Minister of Turkey and 4th President of Turkey (b. 1895)
* September 17 – Fritz Wunderlich, German tenor (b. 1930)
* September 19 – Vladimir Grigoryevich Fyodorov, Soviet scientist and general (b. 1874)
* September 21 – Paul Reynaud, French lawyer and politician, 77th Prime Minister of France (b. 1878)
* September 26
** Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi, Indian Independence activist (b. 1900)
** Helen Kane, American singer (b. 1904)
* September 28
** André Breton, French poet and writer (b. 1896)
** Eric Fleming, American actor (b. 1925)
October
* October 10
** Charlotte Cooper (tennis), Charlotte Cooper, English tennis champion (b. 1870)
** Wilfrid Lawson (actor), Wilfrid Lawson, English actor (b. 1900)
* October 13 – Clifton Webb, American actor, dancer and singer (b. 1889)
* October 16 – George O'Hara (actor), George O'Hara, American actor (b. 1899)
* October 17 – Cléo de Mérode, French dancer (b. 1875)
* October 18 – Elizabeth Arden, Canadian-born American beautician and cosmetics entrepreneur (b. 1878)
* October 23 – Claire McDowell, American silent screen actress (b. 1877)
* October 24 – Hans Dreier, German art director (b. 1885)
* October 26 – Alma Cogan, English singer (b. 1932)
* October 28 – Robert Charpentier, French Olympic cyclist (b. 1916)
November
* November 2
** Peter Debye, Dutch chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1884)
** Mississippi John Hurt, African American singer and guitarist (b. 1893)
* November 4 – Dietrich von Choltitz, Nazi German military governor of Paris in World War II (b. 1894)
* November 8 – Bernhard Zondek German-born Israeli gynecologist, developer of first reliable pregnancy test (b. 1891)
* November 9 – Jisaburō Ozawa, Japanese admiral (b. 1886)
* November 13 – Esna Boyd, Australian tennis player (b. 1899)
* November 14 – Steingrímur Steinþórsson, 11th Prime Minister of Iceland (b. 1893)
* November 21 – Władysław Bortnowski, Polish historian and military commander (b. 1891)
* November 23 – Seán T. O'Kelly, 2nd President of Ireland (b. 1882)
* November 26 – Siegfried Kracauer, German writer, sociologist and critic (b. 1889)
* November 28 – Boris Podolsky, Russian-American physicist (b. 1896)
December
* December 2 – L.E.J. Brouwer, Dutch mathematician and philosopher (b. 1881)
* December 6 – Juan Natalicio González, Paraguayan poet, 37th President of Paraguay (b. 1897)
* December 14
** Emma Dunn, British-born actress (b. 1875)
** Verna Felton, American actress (b. 1890)
** Richard Whorf, American actor (b. 1906)
* December 15 – Walt Disney, American animated film producer and founder of The Walt Disney Company and Disneyland Resort (b. 1901)
* December 19 – Betty Kuuskemaa, Estonian actress (b. 1879)
* December 22
** Harry Beaumont, American film director (b. 1888)
** Lucy Burns, American women's rights campaigner (b. 1879)
** Robert Keith (actor), Robert Keith, American actor (b. 1898)
* December 26 – Herbert Gille, SS German general (b. 1897)
* December 27 – Guillermo Stábile, Argentine football player and manager (b. 1905)
* December 30 – Christian Herter, United States Secretary of State (b. 1895)
Nobel Prizes
* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Alfred Kastler
* Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Robert S. Mulliken
* Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Physiology or Medicine – Peyton Rous and Charles Brenton Huggins
* Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Shmuel Yosef Agnon and Nelly Sachs
* Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – not awarded