1965 Establishments In Armenia
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Events


January–February

*
January 14 Events Pre-1600 *1236 – King Henry III of England marries Eleanor of Provence. * 1301 – Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Árpád dynasty in Hungary. 1601–1900 * 1639 – The " Fundamental Orders", the first written ...
– The Prime Minister of
Northern Ireland Northern Ireland ( ga, Tuaisceart Éireann ; sco, label=Ulster-Scots, Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom, situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland, that is variously described as a country, province or region. North ...
and the
Taoiseach The Taoiseach is the head of government, or prime minister, of Ireland. The office is appointed by the president of Ireland upon the nomination of Dáil Éireann (the lower house of the Oireachtas, Ireland's national legislature) and the offi ...
of the
Republic of Ireland Ireland ( ga, Éire ), also known as the Republic of Ireland (), is a country in north-western Europe consisting of 26 of the 32 Counties of Ireland, counties of the island of Ireland. The capital and largest city is Dublin, on the eastern ...
meet for the first time in 43 years. *
January 20 Events Pre-1600 * 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution. * 649 – King Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, crowns his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom. *1156 &nda ...
**
Lyndon B. Johnson Lyndon Baines Johnson (; August 27, 1908January 22, 1973), often referred to by his initials LBJ, was an American politician who served as the 36th president of the United States from 1963 to 1969. He had previously served as the 37th vice ...
is
sworn in Traditionally an oath (from Anglo-Saxon ', also called plight) is either a statement of fact or a promise taken by a sacrality as a sign of verity. A common legal substitute for those who conscientiously object to making sacred oaths is to giv ...
for a full term as President of the United States. **
Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...
n President
Sukarno Sukarno). (; born Koesno Sosrodihardjo, ; 6 June 1901 – 21 June 1970) was an Indonesian statesman, orator, revolutionary, and nationalist who was the first president of Indonesia, serving from 1945 to 1967. Sukarno was the leader ...
announces the withdrawal of the Indonesian government from the United Nations. *
January 30 Events Pre-1600 *1018 – Poland and the Holy Roman Empire conclude the Peace of Bautzen. *1287 – King Wareru founds the Hanthawaddy Kingdom, and proclaims independence from the Pagan Kingdom. 1601–1900 *1607 – An estimated ...
– The
state funeral A state funeral is a public funeral ceremony, observing the strict rules of Etiquette, protocol, held to honour people of national significance. State funerals usually include much pomp and ceremony as well as religious overtones and distinctive ...
of Sir Winston Churchill takes place in London with the largest assembly of dignitaries in the world until the 2005 funeral of
Pope John Paul II Pope John Paul II ( la, Ioannes Paulus II; it, Giovanni Paolo II; pl, Jan Paweł II; born Karol Józef Wojtyła ; 18 May 19202 April 2005) was the head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 1978 until his ...
. *
February 4 Events Pre–1600 * 211 – Following the death of the Roman Emperor Septimius Severus at Eboracum (modern York, England) while preparing to lead a campaign against the Caledonians, the empire is left in the control of his two quarrelling ...
Trofim Lysenko Trofim Denisovich Lysenko (russian: Трофим Денисович Лысенко, uk, Трохи́м Дени́сович Лисе́нко, ; 20 November 1976) was a Soviet agronomist and pseudo-scientist.''An ill-educated agronomist with hu ...
is removed from his post as director of the Institute of Genetics at the
Academy of Sciences An academy of sciences is a type of learned society or academy (as special scientific institution) dedicated to sciences that may or may not be state funded. Some state funded academies are tuned into national or royal (in case of the Unit ...
in the Soviet Union. Lysenkoist theories are now treated as pseudoscience. *
February 12 Events Pre-1600 *1404 – The Italian professor Galeazzo di Santa Sophie performed the first post-mortem autopsy for the purposes of teaching and demonstration at the Heiligen–Geist Spital in Vienna. *1429 – English forces under ...
** The African and Malagasy Common Organization ('; OCAM) is formed as successor to the Afro-Malagasy Union for Economic Cooperation ('; UAMCE), formerly the
African and Malagasy Union The African and Malagasy Union (AMU) (french: Union Africaine et Malgache (UAM)) was an intergovernmental organization created to promote cooperation among newly independent states in Francophone Africa. The organization derives its name from the ...
('; UAM). *
February 18 Events Pre-1600 * 1229 – The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, signs a ten-year truce with al-Kamil, regaining Jerusalem, Nazareth, and Bethlehem with neither military engagements nor support from the papacy. *1268 &nd ...
The Gambia The Gambia,, ff, Gammbi, ar, غامبيا officially the Republic of The Gambia, is a country in West Africa West Africa or Western Africa is the westernmost region of Africa. The United Nations defines Western Africa as the 16 c ...
becomes independent from the United Kingdom. * February 20 ** ''
Ranger 8 Ranger 8 was a lunar probe in the Ranger program, a robotic spacecraft series launched by NASA in the early-to-mid-1960s to obtain the first close-up images of the Moon's surface. These pictures helped select landing sites for Apollo missions an ...
'' crashes into the Moon, after a successful mission of photographing possible landing sites for the Apollo program
astronaut An astronaut (from the Ancient Greek (), meaning 'star', and (), meaning 'sailor') is a person trained, equipped, and deployed by a human spaceflight program to serve as a commander or crew member aboard a spacecraft. Although generally r ...
s. **
Suat Hayri Ürgüplü Ali Suat Hayri Ürgüplü (13 August 1903, Damascus, Ottoman Empire – 26 December 1981, Istanbul, Turkey) was a Turkish politician who served a brief term as Prime Minister of Turkey in 1965. He was also the last Prime Minister to be bor ...
forms the new (interim) government of
Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...
(29th government). *
February 21 Events Pre-1600 *452 or 453 – Severianus, Bishop of Scythopolis, is martyred in Palestine. *1245 – Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland, is granted resignation after confessing to torture and forgery. * 1440 – The ...
Malcolm X Malcolm X (born Malcolm Little, later Malik el-Shabazz; May 19, 1925 – February 21, 1965) was an American Muslim minister and human rights activist who was a prominent figure during the civil rights movement. A spokesman for the Nation of ...
is gunned down while giving a speech at the
Audubon Ballroom The Audubon Theatre and Ballroom, generally referred to as the Audubon Ballroom, was a theatre and ballroom located at 3940 Broadway at West 165th Street in the Washington Heights neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City. It was built in 1912 ...
in Harlem.


March–April

*
March 2 Events Pre-1600 * 537 – Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoth army under king Vitiges begins the siege of the capital. Belisarius conducts a delaying action outside the Flaminian Gate; he and a detachment of his '' bucellarii'' are almost cu ...
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
:
Operation Rolling Thunder Operation Rolling Thunder was a gradual and sustained aerial bombardment campaign conducted by the United States (U.S.) 2nd Air Division (later Seventh Air Force), U.S. Navy, and Republic of Vietnam Air Force (RVNAF) against the Democratic Repub ...
– The
United States Air Force The United States Air Force (USAF) is the air service branch of the United States Armed Forces, and is one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. Originally created on 1 August 1907, as a part of the United States Army S ...
2nd Air Division The 2nd Air Division (2nd AD) is an inactive United States Air Force organization. Its last assignment was with Military Airlift Command, assigned to Twenty-Third Air Force, being stationed at Hurlburt Field, Florida. It started operations on 7 N ...
,
United States Navy The United States Navy (USN) is the maritime service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. It is the largest and most powerful navy in the world, with the estimated tonnage ...
and
South Vietnamese air force The South Vietnam Air Force, officially the Republic of Vietnam Air Force (RVNAF; vi, Không lực Việt Nam Cộng hòa, KLVNCH; french: Force aérienne vietnamienne, FAVN) (sometimes referred to as the Vietnam Air Force or VNAF) was the aer ...
begin a 3-year aerial bombardment campaign against
North Vietnam North Vietnam, officially the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV; vi, Việt Nam Dân chủ Cộng hòa), was a socialist state supported by the Soviet Union (USSR) and the People's Republic of China (PRC) in Southeast Asia that existed f ...
. *
March 7 Events Pre-1600 * 161 – Marcus Aurelius and L. Commodus (who changes his name to Lucius Verus) become joint emperors of Rome on the death of Antoninus Pius. *1138 – Konrad III von Hohenstaufen was elected king of Germany at Coble ...
– " Bloody Sunday": Some 200 Alabama State Troopers attack 525 civil rights demonstrators in
Selma, Alabama Selma is a city in and the county seat of Dallas County, in the Black Belt region of south central Alabama and extending to the west. Located on the banks of the Alabama River, the city has a population of 17,971 as of the 2020 census. Abou ...
, as they attempt to march to the state capitol of Montgomery. *
March 8 Events Pre-1600 *1010 – Ferdowsi completes his epic poem ''Shahnameh''. * 1126 – Following the death of his mother, queen Urraca of León, Alfonso VII is proclaimed king of León. *1262 – Battle of Hausbergen between bo ...
– Vietnam War: Some 3,500
United States Marines The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines, is the maritime land force service branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for conducting expeditionary and amphibious operations through c ...
arrive in
Da Nang Nang or DanangSee also Danang Dragons ( ; vi, Đà Nẵng, ) is a class-1 municipality and the fifth-largest city in Vietnam by municipal population. It lies on the coast of the East Sea of Vietnam at the mouth of the Hàn River, and is o ...
, South Vietnam, becoming the first American ground combat troops in
Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making it ...
. *
March 9 Events Pre-1600 * 141 BC – Liu Che, posthumously known as Emperor Wu of Han, assumes the throne over the Han dynasty of China. * 1009 – First known mention of Lithuania, in the annals of the monastery of Quedlinburg. *1226 &nda ...
– The " Turnaround Tuesday" march from Selma to
Montgomery, Alabama Montgomery is the capital city of the U.S. state of Alabama and the county seat of Montgomery County. Named for the Irish soldier Richard Montgomery, it stands beside the Alabama River, on the coastal Plain of the Gulf of Mexico. In the 202 ...
, under the leadership of Martin Luther King Jr., stops at the site of "Bloody Sunday", to hold a prayer service and return to Selma, in obedience to a court
restraining order A restraining order or protective order, is an order used by a court to protect a person in a situation involving alleged domestic violence, child abuse, assault, harassment, stalking, or sexual assault. Restraining and personal protection o ...
. On the same day,
White supremacist White supremacy or white supremacism is the belief that white people are superior to those of other races and thus should dominate them. The belief favors the maintenance and defense of any power and privilege held by white people. White su ...
s attack three white ministers, leaving
Unitarian Universalist Unitarian or Unitarianism may refer to: Christian and Christian-derived theologies A Unitarian is a follower of, or a member of an organisation that follows, any of several theologies referred to as Unitarianism: * Unitarianism (1565–present) ...
minister
James J. Reeb James Joseph Reeb (January 1, 1927 – March 11, 1965) was an American Unitarian Universalist minister, pastor, and activist during the civil rights movement in Washington, D.C. and Boston, Massachusetts. While participating in the Selma to M ...
in a coma. *
March 10 Events Pre-1600 *241 BC – First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates: The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing the First Punic War to an end. * 298 – Roman Emperor Maximian concludes his campaign in North Africa and makes a ...
– An engagement is announced between
Princess Margriet of the Netherlands Princess Margriet Francisca of the Netherlands (born 19 January 1943) is the third daughter of Queen Juliana and Prince Bernhard. As an aunt of the reigning monarch, King Willem-Alexander, she is a member of the Dutch Royal House and curre ...
and
Pieter van Vollenhoven Pieter van Vollenhoven Jr. (born April 30, 1939) is the husband of Princess Margriet of the Netherlands and a member, by marriage, of the Dutch Royal House. Early life and career Van Vollenhoven was born in Schiedam, he is the second son of ...
, who will become the first commoner and the first Dutchman to marry into the
Dutch Royal Family The monarchy of the Netherlands is a constitutional monarchy. As such, the role and position of the monarch are governed by the Constitution of the Netherlands. Consequently, a large portion of it is devoted to the monarch. Roughly a third of ...
. *
March 18 Events Pre-1600 * 37 – Roman Senate annuls Tiberius' will and proclaims Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ''(aka Caligula = Little Boots)'' emperor.Tacitus, ''Annals'' V.10. *1068 – An earthquake in the Levant and the Ar ...
Cosmonaut An astronaut (from the Ancient Greek (), meaning 'star', and (), meaning 'sailor') is a person trained, equipped, and deployed by a human spaceflight program to serve as a commander or crew member aboard a spacecraft. Although generally r ...
Alexei Leonov Alexei Arkhipovich Leonov. (30 May 1934 – 11 October 2019) was a Soviet and Russian cosmonaut, Air Force major general, writer, and artist. On 18 March 1965, he became the first person to conduct a spacewalk, exiting the capsule during th ...
leaves his
Voskhod 2 Voskhod 2 (russian: Восход-2, , ''Sunrise-2'') was a Soviet crewed space mission in March 1965. The Vostok-based Voskhod 3KD spacecraft with two crew members on board, Pavel Belyayev and Alexei Leonov, was equipped with an inflatable a ...
spacecraft for 12 minutes, becoming the first person to walk in space. *
March 20 Events Pre-1600 * 673 – Emperor Tenmu of Japan assumes the Chrysanthemum Throne at the Palace of Kiyomihara in Asuka. *1206 – Michael IV Autoreianos is appointed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople. *1600 – The Link ...
** "
Poupée de cire, poupée de son "Poupée de cire, poupée de son" (; English: "Wax doll, rag doll") is a song written by Serge Gainsbourg and recorded by French singer France Gall. It is best known as the Luxembourgian winning entry at the Eurovision Song Contest 1965, he ...
", sung by
France Gall Isabelle Geneviève Marie Anne Gall (9 October 1947 – 7 January 2018), known professionally as France Gall, was a French '' yé-yé'' singer. In 1965, aged 17, she won the Eurovision Song Contest for Luxembourg. Between 1973 and 1992, ...
(music and lyrics by
Serge Gainsbourg Serge Gainsbourg (; born Lucien Ginsburg; 2 April 1928 – 2 March 1991) was a French musician, singer-songwriter, actor, author and filmmaker. Regarded as one of the most important figures in French pop, he was renowned for often provoc ...
) wins the Eurovision Song Contest 1965 for
Luxembourg Luxembourg ( ; lb, Lëtzebuerg ; french: link=no, Luxembourg; german: link=no, Luxemburg), officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, ; french: link=no, Grand-Duché de Luxembourg ; german: link=no, Großherzogtum Luxemburg is a small land ...
. ** The
Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 or the Second Kashmir War was a culmination of skirmishes that took place between April 1965 and September 1965 between Pakistan and India. The conflict began following Pakistan's Operation Gibraltar, which was d ...
begins. *
March 23 Events Pre-1600 *1400 – The Trần dynasty of Vietnam is deposed, after one hundred and seventy-five years of rule, by Hồ Quý Ly, a court official. *1540 – Waltham Abbey is surrendered to King Henry VIII of England; the last rel ...
** Events of March 23, 1965: Large student demonstration in Morocco, joined by discontented masses, meets with violent police and military repression. ** Gemini 3:
NASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the civil space program, aeronautics research, and space research. NASA was established in 1958, succeedi ...
launches the United States' first 2-person crew (
Gus Grissom Virgil Ivan "Gus" Grissom (April 3, 1926 – January 27, 1967) was an American engineer, pilot in the United States Air Force, and member of the Mercury Seven selected by National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) as Project Merc ...
, John Young) into
Earth orbit Earth orbits the Sun at an average distance of 149.60 million km (92.96 million mi) in a counterclockwise direction as viewed from above the Northern Hemisphere. One complete orbit takes  days (1 sidereal year), during which time Eart ...
. **The first issue of '' The Vigilant'' is published from
Khartoum Khartoum or Khartum ( ; ar, الخرطوم, Al-Khurṭūm, din, Kaartuɔ̈m) is the capital of Sudan. With a population of 5,274,321, its metropolitan area is the largest in Sudan. It is located at the confluence of the White Nile, flowing n ...
. *
March 25 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Italian city Venice is founded with the dedication of the first church, that of San Giacomo di Rialto on the islet of Rialto. * 708 – Pope Constantine becomes the 88th pope. He would be the last pope to visi ...
– Martin Luther King Jr. and 25,000 civil rights activists successfully end the 4-day march from Selma, Alabama, to the capitol in Montgomery. *
March 28 Events Pre-1600 * AD 37 – Roman emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, bestowed on him by the Senate. * 193 – After assassinating the Roman Emperor Pertinax, his Praetorian Guards auction off the throne to Di ...
**At least 400 are killed or missing after an earthquake triggered a series of dam failures in La Ligua, Chile. *
March 30 Events Pre-1600 * 598 – Balkan Campaign: The Avars lift the siege at the Byzantine stronghold of Tomis. Their leader Bayan I retreats north of the Danube River after the Avaro- Slavic hordes are decimated by the plague. * 1282 &n ...
– The second ODECA charter, signed by Central American states on December 12, 1962, becomes effective. *
April 3 Events Pre-1600 * 686 – Maya king Yuknoom Yich'aak K'ahk' assumes the crown of Calakmul. *1043 – Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England. *1077 – The Patriarchate of Friûl, the first Friulian state, is created. ...
– The world's first space nuclear power reactor, ''
SNAP-10A SNAP-10A (Systems for Nuclear Auxiliary Power, aka Snapshot for Space Nuclear Auxiliary Power Shot, also known as OPS 4682) was a US experimental nuclear powered satellite launched into space in 1965 as part of the SNAPSHOT program.low Earth orbit A low Earth orbit (LEO) is an orbit around Earth with a period of 128 minutes or less (making at least 11.25 orbits per day) and an eccentricity less than 0.25. Most of the artificial objects in outer space are in LEO, with an altitude never m ...
. *
April 5 Events Pre-1600 * 823 – Lothair I is crowned King of Italy by Pope Paschal I. * 919 – The second Fatimid invasion of Egypt begins, when the Fatimid heir-apparent, al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah, sets out from Raqqada at the head of hi ...
– At the
37th Academy Awards The 37th Academy Awards honored film achievements of 1964. For the first time, an award was presented in the field of makeup. The Best Picture winner of 1964, director George Cukor's ''My Fair Lady'', was about the transformative training o ...
, ''
My Fair Lady ''My Fair Lady'' is a musical theatre, musical based on George Bernard Shaw's 1913 play ''Pygmalion (play), Pygmalion'', with a book and lyrics by Alan Jay Lerner and music by Frederick Loewe. The story concerns Eliza Doolittle, a Cockney flowe ...
'' wins 8 Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Director.
Rex Harrison Sir Reginald Carey "Rex" Harrison (5 March 1908 – 2 June 1990) was an English actor. Harrison began his career on the stage in 1924. He made his West End debut in 1936 appearing in the Terence Rattigan play '' French Without Tears'', in what ...
wins an Oscar for
Best Actor Best Actor is the name of an award which is presented by various film, television and theatre organizations, festivals, and people's awards to leading actors in a film, television series, television film or play. The term most often refers to th ...
. '' Mary Poppins'' takes home 5 Oscars.
Julie Andrews Dame Julie Andrews (born Julia Elizabeth Wells; 1 October 1935) is an English actress, singer, and author. She has garnered numerous accolades throughout her career spanning over seven decades, including an Academy Award, a British Academy ...
wins an
Academy Award for Best Actress The Academy Award for Best Actress is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It is given to an actress who has delivered an outstanding performance in a leading role in a film released that year. ...
for her performance in the title role.
Sherman Brothers The Sherman Brothers were an American songwriting duo that specialized in musical films, made up of Robert B. Sherman (December 19, 1925 – March 6, 2012) and Richard M. Sherman (born June 12, 1928). Together they received various accolades inc ...
receives 2 Oscars including Best Song, "
Chim Chim Cher-ee "Chim Chim Cher-ee" is a song from '' Mary Poppins'', the 1964 musical motion picture. It was originally sung by Dick Van Dyke and Julie Andrews, and also is featured in the 2004 '' Mary Poppins'' musical. The song won the 1964 Academy Award f ...
". *
April 6 Events Pre–1600 *46 BC – Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato (Cato the Younger) at the Battle of Thapsus. * 402 – Stilicho defeats the Visigoths under Alaric in the Battle of Pollentia. * ...
– The
Intelsat I Intelsat I (nicknamed Early Bird for the proverb "The early bird catches the worm") was the first commercial communications satellite to be placed in geosynchronous orbit, on April 6, 1965. It was built by the Space and Communications Group of ...
("Early Bird")
communications satellite A communications satellite is an artificial satellite that relays and amplifies radio telecommunication signals via a transponder; it creates a communication channel between a source transmitter and a receiver at different locations on Ear ...
is launched. It becomes operational
May 2 Events Pre-1600 *1194 – King Richard I of England gives Portsmouth its first Royal Charter. *1230 – William de Braose is hanged by Prince Llywelyn the Great. * 1536 – Anne Boleyn, Queen of England, is arrested and imprisone ...
and is placed in commercial service in
June June is the sixth month of the year in the Julian calendar, Julian and Gregorian calendars and is the second of four months to have a length of 30 days, and the third of five months to have a length of less than 31 days. June contains the summ ...
. *
April 9 Events Pre-1600 * 193 – The distinguished soldier Septimius Severus is proclaimed emperor by the army in Illyricum. * 475 – Byzantine Emperor Basiliscus issues a circular letter (''Enkyklikon'') to the bishops of his empire, su ...
– The West German parliament extends the
statute of limitations A statute of limitations, known in civil law systems as a prescriptive period, is a law passed by a legislative body to set the maximum time after an event within which legal proceedings may be initiated. ("Time for commencing proceedings") In m ...
on
Nazi Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right politics, far-right Totalitarianism, totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hit ...
war crimes. *
April 18 Events Pre-1600 * 796 – King Æthelred I of Northumbria is murdered in Corbridge by a group led by his ealdormen, Ealdred and Wada. The ''patrician'' Osbald is crowned, but abdicates within 27 days. *1428 – Peace of Ferrara be ...
– Consecration of Saint
Clement of Ohrid Saint Clement of Ohrid ( Bulgarian, Serbian and Macedonian: Свети Климент Охридски, ; el, Ἅγιος Κλήμης τῆς Ἀχρίδας; sk, svätý Kliment Ochridský; – 916) was one of the first medieval Bulgarian ...
Macedonian Orthodox Cathedral in Toronto, Canada. *
April 23 Events Pre-1600 *215 BC – A temple is built on the Capitoline Hill dedicated to Venus Erycina to commemorate the Roman defeat at Lake Trasimene. *599 – Maya king Uneh Chan of Calakmul attacks rival city-state Palenque in south ...
– The
Pennine Way The Pennine Way is a National Trail in England, with a small section in Scotland. The trail stretches for from Edale, in the northern Derbyshire Peak District, north through the Yorkshire Dales and Northumberland National Park and ends at Kir ...
officially opens. *
April 24 Events Pre-1600 * 1479 BC – Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th dynasty). *1183 BC – Traditional reckoning of the Fall of Troy ...
** The
1965 Yerevan demonstrations The 1965 Yerevan demonstrations took place in Yerevan, Armenia on April 24, 1965, on the 50th anniversary of the Armenian genocide. It is said that this event constitutes the first step in the struggle for the recognition of the Armenian genocide ...
start in Yerevan, demanding recognition of the
Armenian genocide The Armenian genocide was the systematic destruction of the Armenians in the Ottoman Empire, Armenian people and identity in the Ottoman Empire during World War I. Spearheaded by the ruling Committee of Union and Progress (CUP), it was ...
. ** The bodies of Portuguese opposition politician
Humberto Delgado Humberto da Silva Delgado, ComC, GCA, GOA, ComA, OA, ComSE, GCL, OIP, CBE (Portuguese pronunciation: ˈbɛɾtu dɛɫˈɡadu 15 May 1906 – 13 February 1965) was a General of the Portuguese Air Force, diplomat and politician. Early l ...
and his secretary Arajaryr Moreira de Campos are found in a forest near Villanueva del Fresno, Spain (they were killed
February 12 Events Pre-1600 *1404 – The Italian professor Galeazzo di Santa Sophie performed the first post-mortem autopsy for the purposes of teaching and demonstration at the Heiligen–Geist Spital in Vienna. *1429 – English forces under ...
). ** In the
Dominican Republic The Dominican Republic ( ; es, República Dominicana, ) is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean region. It occupies the eastern five-eighths of the island, which it shares with ...
, officers and civilians loyal to deposed President Juan Bosch mutiny against the right-wing junta running the country, setting up a
provisional government A provisional government, also called an interim government, an emergency government, or a transitional government, is an emergency governmental authority set up to manage a political transition generally in the cases of a newly formed state or f ...
. Forces loyal to the deposed military-imposed government stage a countercoup the next day, and civil war breaks out, although the new government retains its hold on power. * April 26
Rede Globo TV Globo (, "Globe TV", or simply Globo), formerly known as Rede Globo, is a Brazilian free-to-air television network, launched by media proprietor Roberto Marinho on 26 April 1965. It is owned by media conglomerate Grupo Globo. The TV statio ...
is founded in
Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro ( , , ; literally 'River of January'), or simply Rio, is the capital of the Rio de Janeiro (state), state of the same name, Brazil's List of Brazilian states by population, third-most populous state, and the List of largest citi ...
,
Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
. *
April 28 Events Pre-1600 * 224 – The Battle of Hormozdgan is fought. Ardashir I defeats and kills Artabanus V effectively ending the Parthian Empire. * 357 – Emperor Constantius II enters Rome for the first time to celebrate his victory ov ...
** U.S. troops occupy the Dominican Republic. **
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
: Prime Minister of Australia
Robert Menzies The name Robert is an ancient Germanic given name, from Proto-Germanic "fame" and "bright" (''Hrōþiberhtaz''). Compare Old Dutch ''Robrecht'' and Old High German ''Hrodebert'' (a compound of '' Hruod'' ( non, Hróðr) "fame, glory, honou ...
announces that the country will substantially increase its number of troops in South Vietnam, supposedly at the request of the
Saigon , population_density_km2 = 4,292 , population_density_metro_km2 = 697.2 , population_demonym = Saigonese , blank_name = GRP (Nominal) , blank_info = 2019 , blank1_name = – Total , blank1_ ...
government (it is later revealed that Menzies had asked the leadership in Saigon to send the request at the behest of the Americans). *
April 29 Events Pre-1600 * 1091 – Battle of Levounion: The Pechenegs are defeated by Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos. *1386 – Battle of the Vikhra River: The Principality of Smolensk is defeated by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and be ...
– Australia announces that it is sending an
infantry Infantry is a military specialization which engages in ground combat on foot. Infantry generally consists of light infantry, mountain infantry, motorized infantry & mechanized infantry, airborne infantry, air assault infantry, and m ...
battalion to support the South Vietnam government.


May–June

*
May 1 Events Pre-1600 * 305 – Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman emperor. * 880 – The Nea Ekklesia is inaugurated in Constantinople, setting the model for all later cross-in-square Orthodox churches. *1169 &ndas ...
**
Bob Askin Sir Robert William Askin, GCMG (4 April 1907 – 9 September 1981), was an Australian politician and the 32nd Premier of New South Wales from 1965 to 1975, the first representing the Liberal Party. He was born in 1907 as Robin William Askin, but ...
replaces
Jack Renshaw John Brophy Renshaw AC (8 August 190928 July 1987) was an Australian politician. He was Labor Premier of New South Wales from 30 April 1964 to 13 May 1965. He was the first New South Wales Premier born in the 20th century. Early life Jack Re ...
as Premier of
New South Wales ) , nickname = , image_map = New South Wales in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of New South Wales in AustraliaCoordinates: , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Australia , established_title = Before federation , es ...
. ** The Battle of Dong-Yin occurs as a conflict between
Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northe ...
and the People's Republic of China. *
May 9 Events Pre-1600 * 328 – Athanasius is elected Patriarch of Alexandria. * 1009 – Lombard Revolt: Lombard forces led by Melus revolt in Bari against the Byzantine Catepanate of Italy. *1386 – England and Portugal formally ...
– Pianist
Vladimir Horowitz Vladimir Samoylovich Horowitz; yi, וולאַדימיר סאַמוילאָוויטש האָראָוויץ, group=n (November 5, 1989)Schonberg, 1992 was a Russian-born American classical pianist. Considered one of the greatest pianists of al ...
returns to the stage after a 12-year absence, performing a legendary concert in Carnegie Hall in New York. *
May 12 Events Pre-1600 * 254 – Pope Stephen I succeeds Pope Lucius I, becoming the 23rd pope of the Catholic Church, and immediately takes a stand against Novatianism. * 907 – Zhu Wen forces Emperor Ai into abdicating, ending the Tan ...
–West Germany and
Israel Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
establish diplomatic relations. *
May 25 Events Pre-1600 *567 BC – Servius Tullius, the king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victory over the Etruscans. *240 BC – First recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. *1085 – Alfonso VI of Castile takes Tol ...
Muhammad Ali Muhammad Ali (; born Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.; January 17, 1942 – June 3, 2016) was an American professional boxer and activist. Nicknamed "The Greatest", he is regarded as one of the most significant sports figures of the 20th century, ...
knocks out
Sonny Liston Charles L. "Sonny" Liston ( 1930 – December 30, 1970) was an American professional boxer who competed from 1953 to 1970. A dominant contender of his era, he became the world heavyweight champion in 1962 after knocking out Floyd Patterson ...
in the first round of their championship rematch with the " Phantom Punch" at the Central Maine Civic Center in Lewiston. *
May 27 Events Pre-1600 *1096 – Count Emicho enters Mainz, where his followers massacre Jewish citizens. At least 600 Jews are killed. *1120 – Richard III of Capua is anointed as Prince two weeks before his untimely death. * 1153 &ndash ...
Internazionale Football Club Internazionale Milano, commonly referred to as Internazionale () or simply Inter, and colloquially known as Inter Milan in English-speaking countries, is an Italian professional football club based in Milan, Lombardy. Inter i ...
beats Benfica 1–0 at the
San Siro Stadio Giuseppe Meazza, commonly known as San Siro, is a football stadium in the San Siro district of Milan, Italy, which is the home of A.C. Milan and Inter Milan. It has a seating capacity of 80,018, making it one of the largest stadiums ...
,
Milan Milan ( , , Lombard language, Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the List of cities in Italy, second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4  ...
and wins the 1964-65 European Cup in Association football. *
May 29 Events Pre-1600 * 363 – The Roman emperor Julian defeats the Sasanian army in the Battle of Ctesiphon, under the walls of the Sasanian capital, but is unable to take the city. *1108 – Battle of Uclés: Almoravid troops under ...
– A mining accident in
Dhanbad Dhanbad is the second-most populated city in the Indian state of Jharkhand after Jamshedpur. It ranks as the 42nd largest city in India and is the 33rd largest million-plus urban agglomeration in India. Dhanbad shares its land borders with P ...
, India kills 274. *
May 31 Events Pre-1600 * 455 – Emperor Petronius Maximus is stoned to death by an angry mob while fleeing Rome. *1223 – Mongol invasion of the Cumans: Battle of the Kalka River: Mongol armies of Genghis Khan led by Subutai defeat Kie ...
– Scottish
racing driver Auto racing (also known as car racing, motor racing, or automobile racing) is a motorsport involving the racing of automobiles for competition. Auto racing has existed since the invention of the automobile. Races of various sorts were organise ...
Jim Clark James Clark Jr. OBE (4 March 1936 – 7 April 1968) was a British Formula One racing driver from Scotland, who won two World Championships, in 1963 and 1965. A versatile driver, he competed in sports cars, touring cars and in the Indianapol ...
wins the
Indianapolis 500 The Indianapolis 500, formally known as the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, and commonly called the Indy 500, is an annual automobile race held at Indianapolis Motor Speedway (IMS) in Speedway, Indiana, United States, an enclave suburb of India ...
, later this year winning the
Formula One Formula One (also known as Formula 1 or F1) is the highest class of international racing for open-wheel single-seater formula racing cars sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA). The World Drivers' Championship ...
world driving championship. *
June 1 Events Pre-1600 *1215 – Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Zhongdu. *1252 – Alfonso X is proclaimed king o ...
– A
coal mine Coal mining is the process of extracting coal from the ground. Coal is valued for its energy content and since the 1880s has been widely used to generate electricity. Steel and cement industries use coal as a fuel for extraction of iron fro ...
explosion in
Fukuoka is the List of Japanese cities by population, sixth-largest city in Japan, the second-largest port city after Yokohama, and the capital city of Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. The city is built along the shores of Hakata Bay, and has been a center ...
, Japan, kills 237. *
June 2 Events Pre-1600 * 455 – Sack of Rome: Vandals enter Rome, and plunder the city for two weeks. * 1098 – First Crusade: The first Siege of Antioch ends as Crusader forces take the city; the second siege began five days later. 1601 ...
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
: The first contingent of Australian combat troops arrives in South Vietnam. *
June 7 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Emperor Theodosius II marries Aelia Eudocia at Constantinople (Byzantine Empire). * 879 – Pope John VIII recognizes the Duchy of Croatia under Duke Branimir as an independent state. *1002 – Henry II ...
Kakanj mine disaster: A mining accident in
Kakanj Kakanj ( sr-cyrl, Какањ) is a town and municipality located in Zenica-Doboj Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013, the town has a population of 11,796 inhabitants, with 38,937 inh ...
,
Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sh, / , ), abbreviated BiH () or B&H, sometimes called Bosnia–Herzegovina and often known informally as Bosnia, is a country at the crossroads of south and southeast Europe, located in the Balkans. Bosnia and ...
, results in 128 deaths. *
June 10 Events Pre-1600 * 671 – Emperor Tenji of Japan introduces a water clock (clepsydra) called ''Rokoku''. The instrument, which measures time and indicates hours, is placed in the capital of Ōtsu. *1190 – Third Crusade: Frederick I ...
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
Battle of Dong Xoai A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and for ...
: About 1,500
Viet Cong , , war = the Vietnam War , image = FNL Flag.svg , caption = The flag of the Viet Cong, adopted in 1960, is a variation on the flag of North Vietnam. Sometimes the lower stripe was green. , active ...
mount a mortar attack on
Đồng Xoài Đồng Xoài () is the capital city of Bình Phước Province in the Southeast region of Vietnam. The city was the site of the 1965 Battle of Đồng Xoài during the Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was ...
, overrunning its military headquarters and the adjoining militia compound. * June 19 **
Houari Boumediene Houari is a given name and surname. It may refer to: Persons Given name * Houari Boumédiène, also transcribed Boumediene, Boumedienne etc. (1932–1978), served as Chairman of the Revolutionary Council of Algeria from 19 June 1965 until 12 Decemb ...
's Revolutionary Council ousts
Ahmed Ben Bella Ahmed Ben Bella ( ar, أحمد بن بلّة '; 25 December 1916 – 11 April 2012) was an Algerian politician, soldier and socialist revolutionary who served as the head of government of Algeria from 27 September 1962 to 15 September 1963 ...
, in a bloodless coup in
Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , religi ...
. ** Air Marshal Nguyen Cao Ky, head of the
South Vietnamese Air Force The South Vietnam Air Force, officially the Republic of Vietnam Air Force (RVNAF; vi, Không lực Việt Nam Cộng hòa, KLVNCH; french: Force aérienne vietnamienne, FAVN) (sometimes referred to as the Vietnam Air Force or VNAF) was the aer ...
, was appointed prime minister at the head of the military junta, with General
Nguyễn Văn Thiệu Nguyễn Văn Thiệu (; 5 April 1923 – 29 September 2001) was a South Vietnamese military officer and politician who was the president of South Vietnam from 1967 to 1975. He was a general in the Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces (RVNAF), beca ...
becoming a figurehead president, ending two years of short-lived military juntas. *
June 20 Events Pre-1600 * 451 – Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius' battles Attila the Hun. After the battle, which was inconclusive, Attila retreats, causing the Romans to interpret it as a victory. * 1180 – First Battle of Uji, starting ...
– Police in Algiers break up demonstrations by people who have taken to the streets chanting slogans in support of deposed President
Ahmed Ben Bella Ahmed Ben Bella ( ar, أحمد بن بلّة '; 25 December 1916 – 11 April 2012) was an Algerian politician, soldier and socialist revolutionary who served as the head of government of Algeria from 27 September 1962 to 15 September 1963 ...
. *
June 22 Events Pre-1600 *217 BC – Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV Philopator of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom. * 168 BC – Battle of Pydna: Romans under Lucius Aemilius Paullus defeat Macedonian King Per ...
– The Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea is signed in Tokyo. * June 25 – A U.S. Air Force Boeing C-135 Stratolifter bound for Okinawa crashes just after takeoff at MCAS El Toro in
Orange County, California Orange County is located in the Los Angeles metropolitan area in Southern California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 3,186,989, making it the third-most-populous county in California, the sixth-most-populous in the United States, ...
, killing all 85 on board.


July–August

* July – The
Commonwealth A commonwealth is a traditional English term for a political community founded for the common good. Historically, it has been synonymous with " republic". The noun "commonwealth", meaning "public welfare, general good or advantage", dates from th ...
secretariat is created. *
July 14 Events Pre-1600 * 982 – King Otto II and his Frankish army are defeated by the Muslim army of al-Qasim at Cape Colonna, Southern Italy. *1223 – Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father, Philip II. *142 ...
– U.S. spacecraft ''
Mariner 4 Mariner 4 (together with Mariner 3 known as Mariner-Mars 1964) was the fourth in a series of spacecraft intended for planetary exploration in a flyby mode. It was designed to conduct closeup scientific observations of Mars and to transmit the ...
'' flies by
Mars Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System, only being larger than Mercury. In the English language, Mars is named for the Roman god of war. Mars is a terrestrial planet with a thin atmos ...
, becoming the first spacecraft to return images from the Red Planet. * July 15 – Greek Prime minister
Georgios Papandreou Georgios Papandreou ( ''Geórgios Papandréou''; 13 February 1888 – 1 November 1968) was a Greek politician, the founder of the Papandreou political dynasty. He served three terms as prime minister of Greece (1944–1945, 1963, 1964–1 ...
and his government are dismissed by King Constantine II. * July 16 – The
Mont Blanc Tunnel The Mont Blanc Tunnel is a highway tunnel between France and Italy, under the Mont Blanc mountain in the Alps. It links Chamonix, Haute-Savoie, France with Courmayeur, Aosta Valley, Italy, via the French Route Nationale 205 and the Ita ...
is inaugurated by presidents
Giuseppe Saragat Giuseppe Saragat (; 19 September 1898 – 11 June 1988) was an Italian politician who served as the president of Italy from 1964 to 1971. Early life Born to Sardinian parents, he was a member of the Unitary Socialist Party (''Partito Socialis ...
and Charles de Gaulle. *
July 24 Events Pre-1600 *1132 – Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily. *1148 – Louis VII of France lays siege to Damascus during the Second Crusade. *1304 – Wars of Scottish Independence: Fall of St ...
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
: Four F-4C Phantoms escorting a
bombing raid Strategic bombing is a military strategy used in total war with the goal of defeating the enemy by destroying its morale, its economic ability to produce and transport materiel to the theatres of military operations, or both. It is a systematica ...
at Kang Chi are targeted by
antiaircraft missile A surface-to-air missile (SAM), also known as a ground-to-air missile (GTAM) or surface-to-air guided weapon (SAGW), is a missile designed to be launched from the ground to destroy aircraft or other missiles. It is one type of anti-aircraft syst ...
s, in the first such attack against American planes in the war. One is shot down and the other 3 sustain damage. *
July 26 Events Pre-1600 * 657 – First Fitna: In the Battle of Siffin, troops led by Ali ibn Abu Talib clash with those led by Muawiyah I. * 811 – Battle of Pliska: Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros I is killed and his heir Staurakios is ser ...
– The
Maldives The Maldives, officially the Republic of Maldives,, ) and historically known as the Maldive Islands, is a country and archipelagic state in South Asia in the Indian Ocean. The Maldives is southwest of Sri Lanka and India, about from the A ...
receive full independence from Great Britain. * July 27
Edward Heath Sir Edward Richard George Heath (9 July 191617 July 2005), often known as Ted Heath, was a British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1970 to 1974 and Leader of the Conservative Party from 1965 to 1975. Heath a ...
becomes Leader of the British Conservative Party. *
July 28 Events Pre-1600 * 1364 – Troops of the Republic of Pisa and the Republic of Florence clash in the Battle of Cascina. * 1540 – Henry VIII of England marries his fifth wife, Catherine Howard, on the same day his former Chancellor, Th ...
– Vietnam War: U.S. President
Lyndon B. Johnson Lyndon Baines Johnson (; August 27, 1908January 22, 1973), often referred to by his initials LBJ, was an American politician who served as the 36th president of the United States from 1963 to 1969. He had previously served as the 37th vice ...
announces his order to increase the number of United States troops in South Vietnam from 75,000 to 125,000, and to more than double the number of men drafted per month - from 17,000 to 35,000. * July 30
War on Poverty The war on poverty is the unofficial name for legislation first introduced by United States President Lyndon B. Johnson during his State of the Union address on January 8, 1964. This legislation was proposed by Johnson in response to a nationa ...
: U.S. President
Lyndon B. Johnson Lyndon Baines Johnson (; August 27, 1908January 22, 1973), often referred to by his initials LBJ, was an American politician who served as the 36th president of the United States from 1963 to 1969. He had previously served as the 37th vice ...
signs the Social Security Act of 1965 into law, establishing Medicare and
Medicaid Medicaid in the United States is a federal and state program that helps with healthcare Health care or healthcare is the improvement of health via the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, amelioration or cure of disease, illness, injury, and ...
. *
August 7 Events Pre-1600 * 461 – Roman Emperor Majorian is beheaded near the river Iria in north-west Italy following his arrest and deposition by the ''magister militum'' Ricimer. * 626 – The Avar and Slav armies leave the siege of Co ...
Tunku Abdul Rahman Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj ibni Almarhum Sultan Abdul Hamid Halim Shah ( ms, ‏تونكو عبد الرحمن ڤوترا الحاج ابن سلطان عبد الحميد حليم شاه, label= Jawi, script=arab, italic=unset; 8 Febru ...
,
Prime Minister of Malaysia The prime minister of Malaysia ( ms, Perdana Menteri Malaysia; ms, ڤردان منتري مليسيا, label= Jawi, script=arab, italic=unset) is the head of government of Malaysia. The prime minister directs the executive branch of the fede ...
, recommends the expulsion of
Singapore Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It lies about one degree of latitude () north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, borde ...
from the
Federation of Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federal constitutional monarchy consists of thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two regions: Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo's East Malaysia ...
following a deterioration of
PAP–UMNO relations The PAP–UMNO relations refer to the occasion turbulent relationship between the People's Action Party (PAP), the governing party of Singapore since 1959, and the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), the governing party of Malaysia from ...
, negotiating its separation with
Lee Kuan Yew Lee Kuan Yew (16 September 1923 – 23 March 2015), born Harry Lee Kuan Yew, often referred to by his initials LKY, was a Singaporean lawyer and statesman who served as Prime Minister of Singapore between 1959 and 1990, and Secretary-General o ...
, Prime Minister of Singapore. *
August 9 Events Pre-1600 *48 BC – Caesar's Civil War: Battle of Pharsalus: Julius Caesar decisively defeats Pompey at Pharsalus and Pompey flees to Ancient Egypt, Egypt. * 378 – Gothic War (376–382), Gothic War: Battle of Adrianople: A la ...
**
Singapore Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It lies about one degree of latitude () north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, borde ...
is expelled from the Federation of
Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy consists of States and federal territories of Malaysia, thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two r ...
, which recognises it as a
sovereign nation A nation state is a political unit where the state and nation are congruent. It is a more precise concept than "country", since a country does not need to have a predominant ethnic group. A nation, in the sense of a common ethnicity, may in ...
.
Lee Kuan Yew Lee Kuan Yew (16 September 1923 – 23 March 2015), born Harry Lee Kuan Yew, often referred to by his initials LKY, was a Singaporean lawyer and statesman who served as Prime Minister of Singapore between 1959 and 1990, and Secretary-General o ...
announces Singapore's independence and assumes the position of Prime Minister of the new island nation – a position he holds until
1990 File:1990 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1990 FIFA World Cup is played in Italy; The Human Genome Project is launched; Voyager I takes the famous Pale Blue Dot image- speaking on the fragility of Humankind, humanity on Earth, Astroph ...
. ** An explosion at an
Arkansas Arkansas ( ) is a landlocked state in the South Central United States. It is bordered by Missouri to the north, Tennessee and Mississippi to the east, Louisiana to the south, and Texas and Oklahoma to the west. Its name is from the ...
missile plant kills 53. **
Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...
n president
Sukarno Sukarno). (; born Koesno Sosrodihardjo, ; 6 June 1901 – 21 June 1970) was an Indonesian statesman, orator, revolutionary, and nationalist who was the first president of Indonesia, serving from 1945 to 1967. Sukarno was the leader ...
collapses in public. *
August 18 Events Pre-1600 * 684 – Battle of Marj Rahit: Umayyad partisans defeat the supporters of Ibn al-Zubayr and cement Umayyad control of Syria. *707 – Princess Abe accedes to the imperial Japanese throne as Empress Genmei. *1304 & ...
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
:
Operation Starlite Operation Starlite (also known in Vietnam as Battle of Van Tuong) was the first major offensive action conducted by a purely U.S. military unit during the Vietnam War from 18 to 24 August 1965. The operation was launched based on intelligence p ...
– 5,500
United States Marines The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines, is the maritime land force service branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for conducting expeditionary and amphibious operations through c ...
destroy a
Viet Cong , , war = the Vietnam War , image = FNL Flag.svg , caption = The flag of the Viet Cong, adopted in 1960, is a variation on the flag of North Vietnam. Sometimes the lower stripe was green. , active ...
stronghold on the Van Tuong peninsula in Quảng Ngãi Province, in the first major American ground battle of the war. The Marines were tipped off by a Viet Cong deserter who said that there was an attack planned against the U.S. base at
Chu Lai Chu Lai is a seaport, urban and industrial area in Núi Thành District, Quảng Nam Province, Vietnam. The city is served by Chu Lai International Airport. It is also the site of the Chu Lai Open Economic Zone (Vietnamese: ''Với Khu Kinh T ...
. *
August 19 Events Pre-1600 *295 BC – The first temple to Venus, the Roman goddess of love, beauty and fertility, is dedicated by Quintus Fabius Maximus Gurges during the Third Samnite War. *43 BC – Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus, later kn ...
– At the conclusion of the
Frankfurt Auschwitz trials The Frankfurt Auschwitz trials, known in German as ''der Auschwitz-Prozess'', or ''der zweite Auschwitz-Prozess,'' (the "second Auschwitz trial") was a series of trials running from 20 December 1963 to 19 August 1965, charging 22 defendants und ...
, 66 ex- SS personnel receive
life sentence Life imprisonment is any sentence of imprisonment for a crime under which convicted people are to remain in prison for the rest of their natural lives or indefinitely until pardoned, paroled, or otherwise commuted to a fixed term. Crimes for ...
s, 15 others shorter ones. *
August 21 Events Pre-1600 * 959 – Eraclus becomes the 25th bishop of Liège. *1140 – Song dynasty general Yue Fei defeats an army led by Jin dynasty general Wuzhu at the Battle of Yancheng during the Jin–Song Wars. *1169 – B ...
NASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the civil space program, aeronautics research, and space research. NASA was established in 1958, succeedi ...
launches Gemini 5 (
Gordon Cooper Leroy Gordon "Gordo" Cooper Jr. (March 6, 1927 – October 4, 2004) was an American aerospace engineer, test pilot, United States Air Force pilot, and the youngest of the seven original astronauts in Project Mercury, the first human spa ...
,
Pete Conrad Charles "Pete" Conrad Jr. (June 2, 1930 – July 8, 1999) was an American NASA astronaut, aeronautical engineer, naval officer and aviator, and test pilot, and commanded the Apollo 12 space mission, on which he became the third person to ...
) on the first 1-week space flight, as well as the first test of
fuel cell A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy of a fuel (often hydrogen fuel, hydrogen) and an oxidizing agent (often oxygen) into electricity through a pair of redox reactions. Fuel cells are different from most bat ...
s for electrical power on such a mission. *
August 30 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – Titus ends the siege of Jerusalem after destroying Herod's Temple. * 1282 – Peter III of Aragon lands at Trapani to intervene in the War of the Sicilian Vespers. *1363 – The five-week Battle of Lak ...
– An
avalanche An avalanche is a rapid flow of snow down a slope, such as a hill or mountain. Avalanches can be set off spontaneously, by such factors as increased precipitation or snowpack weakening, or by external means such as humans, animals, and ear ...
buries a dam construction site at
Saas-Fee Saas-Fee () is the main village in the Saastal, or the Saas Valley, and is a municipality in the district of Visp in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. The village is situated on a high mountain plateau at 1,800 meters (5,900 feet), surrounde ...
, Switzerland, killing 90 workers. *
August 31 Events Pre-1600 * 1056 – After a sudden illness a few days previously, Byzantine Empress Theodora dies childless, thus ending the Macedonian dynasty. *1057 – Abdication of Byzantine Emperor Michael VI Bringas after just one year ...
– U.S. President Johnson signs a law penalizing the burning of draft cards with up to 5 years in prison and a $1,000 fine.


September–October

*
September 2 Events Pre-1600 * 44 BC – Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesarion. * 44 BC – Cicero launches the first of his '' Philippicae'' (oratorical attacks) on Mark Antony. He will make 14 of th ...
**
Pakistan Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 24 ...
i troops enter the Indian sector of Kashmir, while Indian troops try to invade
Lahore Lahore ( ; pnb, ; ur, ) is the second most populous city in Pakistan after Karachi and 26th most populous city in the world, with a population of over 13 million. It is the capital of the province of Punjab where it is the largest ...
. ** The People's Republic of China announces that it will reinforce its troops on the Indian border. **
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
: In a follow-up to August's
Operation Starlite Operation Starlite (also known in Vietnam as Battle of Van Tuong) was the first major offensive action conducted by a purely U.S. military unit during the Vietnam War from 18 to 24 August 1965. The operation was launched based on intelligence p ...
,
United States Marines The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines, is the maritime land force service branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for conducting expeditionary and amphibious operations through c ...
and South Vietnamese forces initiate Operation Piranha on the Batangan Peninsula, south of the Chu Lai Marine base. *
September 8 Events Pre-1600 * 617 – Battle of Huoyi: Li Yuan defeats a Sui dynasty army, opening the path to his capture of the imperial capital Chang'an and the eventual establishment of the Tang dynasty. *1100 – Election of Antipope Theo ...
** India opens 2 additional fronts against Pakistan. ** The Pakistan Navy destroys Indian Port of Dwarka.
Operation Dwarka Operation Dwarka was a naval operation by the Pakistan Navy to attack the Indian coastal town of Dwarka on 7 and 8 September 1965. This instance was the first engagement by the Pakistan Navy in any of the Indo-Pakistan Wars. As the Indo-Pak ...
(Pakistan celebrates
Victory Day Victory Day is a commonly used name for public holidays in various countries, where it commemorates a nation's triumph over a hostile force in a war or the liberation of a country from hostile occupation. In many cases, multiple countries may ob ...
annually). *
September 9 Events Pre-1600 *337 – Constantine II, Constantius II, and Constans succeed their father Constantine I as co-emperors. The Roman Empire is divided between the three Augusti. *1000 – Battle of Svolder, Viking Age. *1141 – Y ...
** U.N. Secretary General
U Thant Thant (; ; January 22, 1909 – November 25, 1974), known honorifically as U Thant (), was a Burmese diplomat and the third secretary-general of the United Nations from 1961 to 1971, the first non-Scandinavian to hold the position. He held th ...
negotiates with Pakistan President
Ayub Khan Ayub Khan is a compound masculine name; Ayub is the Arabic version of the name of the Biblical figure Job, while Khan or Khaan is taken from the title used first by the Mongol rulers and then, in particular, their Islamic and Persian-influenced ...
. **
U Thant Thant (; ; January 22, 1909 – November 25, 1974), known honorifically as U Thant (), was a Burmese diplomat and the third secretary-general of the United Nations from 1961 to 1971, the first non-Scandinavian to hold the position. He held th ...
recommends China for
United Nations The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmonizi ...
membership. * September 14 – The fourth and final period of the
Second Vatican Council The Second Ecumenical Council of the Vatican, commonly known as the , or , was the 21st Catholic ecumenical councils, ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church. The council met in St. Peter's Basilica in Rome for four periods (or sessions) ...
opens. *
September 16 Events Pre-1600 * 681 – Pope Honorius I is posthumously excommunicated by the Sixth Ecumenical Council. * 1400 – Owain Glyndŵr is declared Prince of Wales by his followers. 1601–1900 *1620 – A determined band of 35 relig ...
– In
Iraq Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...
, Prime Minister
Arif Abd ar-Razzaq Arif Abd ar-Razzaq or Aref Abdel Razzak (1921 – 30 March 2007; ar, عارف عبد الرزاق) was Prime Minister of Iraq for 11 days in September 1965. On September 17 he fled to Egypt, after participating in a failed coup d'état against ...
's attempted coup fails. *
September 17 Events Pre-1600 *1111 – Highest Galician nobility led by Pedro Fróilaz de Traba and the bishop Diego Gelmírez crown Alfonso VII as "King of Galicia". *1176 – The Battle of Myriokephalon is the last attempt by the Byzantine Em ...
– King
Constantine II of Greece Constantine II ( el, Κωνσταντίνος Βʹ, ''Konstantínos II''; 2 June 1940) reigned as the last King of Greece, from 6 March 1964 until the abolition of the Greek monarchy on 1 June 1973. Constantine is the only son of King Paul a ...
forms a new government with Prime Minister
Stephanos Stephanopoulos Stefanos Stefanopoulos ( el, Στέφανος Στεφανόπουλος, 3 July 1898 – 4 October 1982) was a Greece, Greek politician, and served as Prime Minister of Greece from 1965 to 1966. Stefanopoulos was born in Pyrgos, Elis. He was ...
, in an attempt to end a 2-year-old political crisis. *
September 18 Events Pre-1600 * 96 – Domitian, who has been conducting a reign of terror for the past three years, is assassinated as a result of a plot by his wife Domitia and two Praetorian prefects. * 96 – Nerva is proclaimed Roman emperor ...
** In Denmark, Palle Sørensen shoots 4 policemen in pursuit; he is apprehended the same day. **
Comet Ikeya–Seki :''There are two comets named Ikeya–Seki: C/1965 S1 (this one), and C/1967 Y1, a.k.a. 1968 I, 1967n.'' Comet Ikeya–Seki, formally designated C/1965 S1, 1965 VIII, and 1965f, was a long-period comet discovered independently by Kaoru Ikeya a ...
is first sighted by Japanese astronomers. **
Soviet Premier The Premier of the Soviet Union (russian: Глава Правительства СССР) was the head of government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). The office had four different names throughout its existence: Chairman of the ...
Alexei Kosygin Alexei Nikolayevich Kosygin ( rus, Алексе́й Никола́евич Косы́гин, p=ɐlʲɪkˈsʲej nʲɪkɐˈla(j)ɪvʲɪtɕ kɐˈsɨɡʲɪn; – 18 December 1980) was a Soviet statesman during the Cold War. He served as the Prem ...
invites the leaders of India and Pakistan to meet in the Soviet Union to negotiate. * September 19 ** Pakistani Forces achieve a decisive victory at the
Battle of Chawinda {{Infobox military conflict , width = 380px , image = File:Sculpture showing Indo-Pak war.jpg , image_size = 300px , caption = Sculpture showing the Indo-Pakistani War {{clear {{OSM Location map , co ...
, ultimately halting the Indian advance and successfully stabilizing the
Sialkot Sialkot ( ur, ) is a city located in Punjab, Pakistan. It is the capital of Sialkot District and the 13th most populous city in Pakistan. The boundaries of Sialkot are joined with Jammu (the winter capital of Indian administered Jammu and Kas ...
Front. *
September 20 Events Pre-1600 * 1058 – Agnes of Poitou and Andrew I of Hungary meet to negotiate about the border territory of Burgenland. * 1066 – At the Battle of Fulford, Harald Hardrada defeats earls Morcar and Edwin. *1187 – Saladin ...
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
: An
USAF The United States Air Force (USAF) is the Aerial warfare, air military branch, service branch of the United States Armed Forces, and is one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. Originally created on 1 August 1907, as a part ...
F-104 Starfighter The Lockheed F-104 Starfighter is an American single-engine, supersonic air superiority fighter which was extensively deployed as a fighter-bomber during the Cold War. Created as a day fighter by Lockheed as one of the " Century Series" of ...
piloted by Captain Philip Eldon Smith is shot down by a Chinese
MiG-19 Farmer The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-19 (russian: Микоян и Гуревич МиГ-19; NATO reporting name: Farmer) is a Soviet second generation, single-seat, twinjet fighter aircraft, the world's first mass-produced supersonic aircraft. It was the ...
. The pilot is held until March 15
1973 Events January * January 1 - The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and Denmark 1973 enlargement of the European Communities, enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union. * January 15 – Vietnam War: ...
. * September 21
Gambia The Gambia,, ff, Gammbi, ar, غامبيا officially the Republic of The Gambia, is a country in West Africa. It is the smallest country within mainland AfricaHoare, Ben. (2002) ''The Kingfisher A-Z Encyclopedia'', Kingfisher Publicatio ...
,
Maldives The Maldives, officially the Republic of Maldives,, ) and historically known as the Maldive Islands, is a country and archipelagic state in South Asia in the Indian Ocean. The Maldives is southwest of Sri Lanka and India, about from the A ...
and
Singapore Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It lies about one degree of latitude () north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, borde ...
are admitted as
members Member may refer to: * Military jury, referred to as "Members" in military jargon * Element (mathematics), an object that belongs to a mathematical set * In object-oriented programming, a member of a class ** Field (computer science), entries in ...
of the
United Nations The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmonizi ...
. *
September 22 Events Pre-1600 * 904 – The warlord Zhu Quanzhong kills Emperor Zhaozong, the penultimate emperor of the Tang dynasty, after seizing control of the imperial government. *1236 – The Samogitians defeat the Livonian Brothers of the ...
Radio Peking announces that Indian troops have dismantled their equipment on the Chinese side of the border. * September 24 ** Fighting resumes between Indian and Pakistani troops. ** The British governor of Aden cancels the constitution and takes direct control of the protectorate, due to the bad security situation. *
September 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1066 – William the Conqueror and his army set sail from the mouth of the Somme river, beginning the Norman conquest of England. *1331 – The Battle of Płowce is fought, between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teuto ...
– The largest tanker ship at this time, ''Tokyo Maru'', is launched in
Yokohama is the second-largest city in Japan by population and the most populous municipality of Japan. It is the capital city and the most populous city in Kanagawa Prefecture, with a 2020 population of 3.8 million. It lies on Tokyo Bay, south of ...
, Japan. *
September 28 Events Pre-1600 *48 BC – Pompey disembarks at Pelusium upon arriving in Egypt, whereupon he is assassinated by order of King Ptolemy XIII. * 235 – Pope Pontian resigns. He is exiled to the mines of Sardinia, along with Hippolytus o ...
**
Fidel Castro Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (; ; 13 August 1926 – 25 November 2016) was a Cuban revolutionary and politician who was the leader of Cuba from 1959 to 2008, serving as the prime minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976 and president from 1976 to 2 ...
announces that anyone who wants to can emigrate to the United States. ** Taal Volcano in
Luzon Luzon (; ) is the largest and most populous island in the Philippines. Located in the northern portion of the Philippines archipelago, it is the economic and political center of the nation, being home to the country's capital city, Manila, ...
,
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
, erupts, killing hundreds. *
September 30 Events Pre-1600 * 489 – The Ostrogoths under Theoderic the Great defeat the forces of Odoacer for the second time. * 737 – The Turgesh drive back an Umayyad invasion of Khuttal, follow them south of the Oxus, and capture their b ...
** The
Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...
n army, led by General
Suharto Suharto (; ; 8 June 1921 – 27 January 2008) was an Indonesian army officer and politician, who served as the second and the longest serving president of Indonesia. Widely regarded as a military dictator by international observers, Suharto le ...
, crushes an alleged communist coup attempt (see
Transition to the New Order Indonesia's transition to the New Order in the mid-1960s ousted the country's first president, Sukarno, after 22 years in the position. One of the most tumultuous periods in the country's modern history, it was the commencement of Suharto's ...
and
30 September Movement The Thirtieth of September Movement ( id, Gerakan 30 September, abbreviated as G30S, also known by the acronym Gestapu for ''Gerakan September Tiga Puluh'', Thirtieth of September Movement) was a self-proclaimed organization of Indonesian Na ...
). ** The classic family sci-fi show '' Thunderbirds'' debuts on ITV in the United Kingdom. *
October 3 Events Pre-1600 *2457 BC – Gaecheonjeol, Hwanung (환웅) purportedly descended from heaven. South Korea's National Foundation Day. * 52 BC – Gallic Wars: Vercingetorix, leader of the Gauls, surrenders to the Romans under Julius ...
Fidel Castro Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (; ; 13 August 1926 – 25 November 2016) was a Cuban revolutionary and politician who was the leader of Cuba from 1959 to 2008, serving as the prime minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976 and president from 1976 to 2 ...
announces that
Che Guevara Ernesto Che Guevara (; 14 June 1928The date of birth recorded on [//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/Ernesto_Guevara_Acta_de_Nacimiento.jpg his birth certificate] was 14 June 1928, although one tertiary source, (Julia Constenla, quot ...
has resigned and left Cuba. * October 4 ** At least 150 are killed when a commuter train derails at the outskirts of Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. ** Prime minister Ian Smith of Rhodesia and Arthur Bottomley of the Commonwealth of Nations begin negotiations in London. ** Pope Paul VI visits the United States. He appears for a Mass in Yankee Stadium (1923), Yankee Stadium and makes a speech at the
United Nations The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmonizi ...
. ** The University of California, Irvine opens its doors. * October 5 –
Pakistan Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 24 ...
severs diplomatic relations with
Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy consists of States and federal territories of Malaysia, thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two r ...
because of their disagreement in the UN. * October 6 – Ian Brady, a 27-year-old stock clerk from Hyde, Greater Manchester, Hyde in Cheshire, is arrested for allegedly hacking to death (with a hatchet) 17-year-old apprentice electrician Edward Evans at a house on the Hattersley housing estate. * October 7 – Seven Japanese fishing boats are sunk off Guam by super typhoon Carmen; 209 are killed. * October 8 ** Indonesian mass killings of 1965–1966: The Indonesian army instigates the arrest and execution of communists which last until next March. ** The 7 Fundamental Principles of the Red Cross and Red Crescent are adopted at the XX International Conference in Vienna, Austria. ** The International Olympic Committee admits East Germany as a member. * October 10 – The first group of Cuban refugees travels to the U.S. * October 12 ** Per Borten forms a government in Norway. ** The U.N. General Council recommends that the United Kingdom try everything to stop a rebellion in Rhodesia. * October 13 – Congo President Joseph Kasavubu fires Prime Minister Moise Tshombe and forms a provisional government, with Évariste Kimba in a leading position. * October 15 –
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
: The Catholic Worker Movement stages an anti-war protest in Manhattan. One draft card burner is arrested, the first under the new law. * October 17 – The 1964 New York World's Fair, New York World's Fair at Flushing Meadows, closes. Due to financial losses, some of the projected site park improvements fail to materialize. * October 18 – The Indonesian government outlaws the Communist Party of Indonesia. * October 20 – Ludwig Erhard is re-elected Chancellor of West Germany (he had first been elected in 1963). * October 21 **
Comet Ikeya–Seki :''There are two comets named Ikeya–Seki: C/1965 S1 (this one), and C/1967 Y1, a.k.a. 1968 I, 1967n.'' Comet Ikeya–Seki, formally designated C/1965 S1, 1965 VIII, and 1965f, was a long-period comet discovered independently by Kaoru Ikeya a ...
approaches perihelion, passing from the sun. ** The Organization of African Unity meets in Accra, Ghana. * October 22 ** African countries demand that the United Kingdom use force to prevent Rhodesia from declaring unilateral independence. ** Colonel Christophe Soglo stages a second coup in Dahomey. * October 25 – The Soviet Union declares its support of African countries in case Rhodesia unilaterally declares independence. * October 27 **
Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
ian president Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco removes power from parliament, legal courts and opposition parties. ** Süleyman Demirel of Justice Party (Turkey), AP forms the new government of
Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...
(30th government). * October 28 – Pope Paul VI promulgates ''Nostra aetate'', a "Declaration on the Relation of the (Roman Catholic) Church with Non-Christian Religions" by the
Second Vatican Council The Second Ecumenical Council of the Vatican, commonly known as the , or , was the 21st Catholic ecumenical councils, ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church. The council met in St. Peter's Basilica in Rome for four periods (or sessions) ...
which includes a statement that Jews are not collectively responsible for the death of Jesus (Jewish deicide). * October 29 – An 80-kiloton nuclear device is detonated at Amchitka Island, Alaska, as part of the Vela Uniform program, code-named Project Long Shot. * October 30 –
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
: Near
Da Nang Nang or DanangSee also Danang Dragons ( ; vi, Đà Nẵng, ) is a class-1 municipality and the fifth-largest city in Vietnam by municipal population. It lies on the coast of the East Sea of Vietnam at the mouth of the Hàn River, and is o ...
,
United States Marines The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines, is the maritime land force service branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for conducting expeditionary and amphibious operations through c ...
repel an intense attack by
Viet Cong , , war = the Vietnam War , image = FNL Flag.svg , caption = The flag of the Viet Cong, adopted in 1960, is a variation on the flag of North Vietnam. Sometimes the lower stripe was green. , active ...
forces, killing 56 guerrillas. A sketch of Marine positions is found on the dead body of a 13-year-old
Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making it ...
ese boy who sold drinks to the Marines the day before.


November–December

* November 1 – A trolleybus plunges into the Nile at Cairo, Egypt, killing 74 passengers. * November 3 – President of France, French President Charles de Gaulle announces (just short of his 75th birthday) that he will stand for re-election. * November 5 – Martial law is announced in Rhodesia. The United Nations General Assembly accepts British intent to use force against Rhodesia if necessary by a vote of 82–9. * November 6 – Freedom Flights begin: Cuba and the United States formally agree to start an airlift for Cubans who want to go to the United States (by 1971, 250,000 Cubans take advantage of this program). * November 8 **
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
– Operation Hump: The United States Army 173rd Airborne is ambushed by over 1,200
Viet Cong , , war = the Vietnam War , image = FNL Flag.svg , caption = The flag of the Viet Cong, adopted in 1960, is a variation on the flag of North Vietnam. Sometimes the lower stripe was green. , active ...
. * November 11 ** In Rhodesia (modern-day Zimbabwe), the white-minority government of Ian Smith Rhodesia's Unilateral Declaration of Independence, unilaterally declares ''de facto'' independence ('UDI'). ** United Airlines Flight 227 crashes short of the runway and catches fire at Salt Lake City International Airport, killing 43 out of 91 passengers and crew. * November 12 – A United Nations Security Council resolution, UN Security Council resolution (voted 10–0) recommends that other countries not recognize independent Rhodesia. * November 13 ** The burns and sinks off Nassau, Bahamas, with the loss of 90 lives. ** British theatre critic Kenneth Tynan says "fuck" during a discussion on BBC satirical programme ''BBC-3 (TV series), BBC-3'' for what many believed was the first time on British television. The corporation later issues a public apology. * November 14 – Vietnam War – Battle of Ia Drang: In the Ia Drang Valley of the Central Highlands (Vietnam), Central Highlands in
Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making it ...
, the first major engagement of the war between regular United States and
North Vietnam North Vietnam, officially the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV; vi, Việt Nam Dân chủ Cộng hòa), was a socialist state supported by the Soviet Union (USSR) and the People's Republic of China (PRC) in Southeast Asia that existed f ...
ese forces begins. * November 15 – U.S. racer Craig Breedlove sets a new land speed record of . * November 16 – Venera, Venera program: The Soviet Union launches the ''Venera 3'' space probe from Baikonur, Kazakhstan toward Venus (on March 1, 1966, it becomes the first spacecraft to reach the surface of another planet). * November 20 – The United Nations Security Council recommends that all states stop trading with Rhodesia. * November 22 – The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) is established as a specialized agency of the
United Nations The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmonizi ...
. * November 23 – Soviet general Mikhail Kazakov assumes command of the Warsaw Pact. * November 24 – Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congolese lieutenant general Mobutu Sese Seko, Mobutu ousts Joseph Kasavubu and declares himself president. * November 26 – At the Hammaguir launch facility in the Sahara Desert, France launches a Diamant A rocket with its first satellite, ''Astérix (satellite), Astérix-1'' on board, becoming the third country to enter outer space. * November 27 ** Tens of thousands of Vietnam War protesters picket the White House, then march on the Washington Monument. **
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
: The Pentagon tells U.S. President
Lyndon B. Johnson Lyndon Baines Johnson (; August 27, 1908January 22, 1973), often referred to by his initials LBJ, was an American politician who served as the 36th president of the United States from 1963 to 1969. He had previously served as the 37th vice ...
that if planned major sweep operations to neutralize
Viet Cong , , war = the Vietnam War , image = FNL Flag.svg , caption = The flag of the Viet Cong, adopted in 1960, is a variation on the flag of North Vietnam. Sometimes the lower stripe was green. , active ...
forces during the next year are to succeed, the number of American troops in
Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making it ...
will have to be increased from 120,000 to 400,000. * November 28 – Vietnam War: In response to U.S. President
Lyndon B. Johnson Lyndon Baines Johnson (; August 27, 1908January 22, 1973), often referred to by his initials LBJ, was an American politician who served as the 36th president of the United States from 1963 to 1969. He had previously served as the 37th vice ...
's call for "more flags" in
Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making it ...
,
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
President-elect Ferdinand Marcos announces he will send troops to help fight in South Vietnam. * November 29 – The Canadian satellite ''Alouette 2'' is launched. * December 5 ** Charles de Gaulle is re-elected as French president with 10,828,421 votes. ** The "Glasnost Meeting" in Moscow becomes the first spontaneous political demonstration, and the first demonstration for civil rights in the Soviet Union. * December 8 ** Rhodesian prime minister Ian Smith warns that Rhodesia will resist a trade embargo by neighboring countries with force. ** The Race Relations Act 1965, Race Relations Act becomes the first legislation to address racial discrimination in the UK. ** The
Second Vatican Council The Second Ecumenical Council of the Vatican, commonly known as the , or , was the 21st Catholic ecumenical councils, ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church. The council met in St. Peter's Basilica in Rome for four periods (or sessions) ...
closes. * December 15 ** The Caribbean Free Trade Association (CARIFTA) is formed. ** ''Gemini 6'' and ''Gemini 7'' perform the first controlled rendezvous in Earth orbit. * December 20 – The World Food Programme is made a permanent agency of the
United Nations The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmonizi ...
. * December 21 ** The Soviet Union announces that it has shipped rockets to
North Vietnam North Vietnam, officially the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV; vi, Việt Nam Dân chủ Cộng hòa), was a socialist state supported by the Soviet Union (USSR) and the People's Republic of China (PRC) in Southeast Asia that existed f ...
. ** In West Germany, Konrad Adenauer resigns as chairman of the Christian Democratic Party. ** The
United Nations The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmonizi ...
adopts the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination. ** A new 1-hour German-American production of the ballet ''The Nutcracker'', with an international cast that includes Edward Villella in the title role, makes its U.S. television debut. It is repeated annually by CBS over the next 3 years but after that is virtually forgotten until issued on DVD in 2009 by Warner Archive. * December 22 ** A military coup is launched in Dahomey. ** A speed limit is imposed on British roads. ** David Lean's film of ''Doctor Zhivago (film), Doctor Zhivago'', starring Omar Sharif and Julie Christie, is released. * December 25 – The Yemeni Nasserist Unionist People's Organisation is founded in Ta'izz. * December 30 ** President Kenneth Kaunda of Zambia announces that Zambia and the United Kingdom have agreed on a deadline before which the Rhodesian white government should be ousted. ** Ferdinand Marcos becomes President of the Philippines. * December 31 – Bokassa takes power in the Central African Republic.


Date unknown

* Tokyo officially becomes the largest city of the world, taking the lead from New York City. * Aborigines are given the vote in Queensland, Australia.


World population


Births


January

* January 4 ** Julia Ormond, British actress ** Yvan Attal, Israeli-born French actor and director * January 5 ** Vinnie Jones, British footballer-turned-actor ** Patrik Sjöberg, Swedish high jumper * January 9 ** Haddaway, German singer ** Farah Khan, Indian choreographer, film director ** Joely Richardson, British actress * January 10 – Butch Hartman, American animator and voice actor * January 12 ** Nikolai Borschevsky, Russian ice hockey player ** Maybrit Illner, German television journalist and presenter ** Rob Zombie, American musician * January 13 – Bill Bailey, British comedian, musician and actor *
January 14 Events Pre-1600 *1236 – King Henry III of England marries Eleanor of Provence. * 1301 – Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Árpád dynasty in Hungary. 1601–1900 * 1639 – The " Fundamental Orders", the first written ...
** Shamil Basayev, Chechen terrorist (d. 2006) ** Marc Delissen, Dutch field hockey player ** Bob Essensa, Canadian ice hockey player * January 15 ** Adam Jones (musician), Adam Jones, American musician, guitarist of metal band Tool (band), Tool ** James Nesbitt, Northern Irish actor *
January 20 Events Pre-1600 * 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution. * 649 – King Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, crowns his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom. *1156 &nda ...
– Sophie, Countess of Wessex, wife of Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex * January 21 – Jam Master Jay, American DJ, rapper and producer (d. 2002) * January 22 ** DJ Jazzy Jeff, American disc jockey ** Diane Lane, American actress * January 23 – Catherine Guillouard, French businesswoman * January 24 – Porfirio Fisac, Spanish basketball coach * January 25 – Esa Tikkanen, Finnish ice hockey player * January 26 – Natalia Yurchenko, Soviet artistic gymnast * January 27 ** Alan Cumming, Scottish actor ** Ignacio Noé, Argentine artist * January 29 ** Dominik Hašek, Czech hockey player ** Jo Min-su, South Korean actress


February

* February 1 ** Dave Callaghan, South African cricketer ** Brandon Lee, Chinese-American actor (d. 1993) ** Sherilyn Fenn, American actress ** Princess Stéphanie of Monaco * February 3 ** Mattanya Cohen, Israeli diplomat ** Maura Tierney, American actress * February 5 – Gheorghe Hagi, Romanian footballer, manager and club owner * February 6 ** Idania Martínez Grandales, Cuban broadcaster, journalist and professor ** Jan Svěrák, Czech actor, director, and screenwriter * February 7 – Chris Rock, African-American actor, comedian, and film director * February 8 – Dicky Cheung, Hong Kong actor * February 9 – Keith Wickham, British actor * February 11 – Roberto Moya, Cuban athlete (d. 2020) *
February 12 Events Pre-1600 *1404 – The Italian professor Galeazzo di Santa Sophie performed the first post-mortem autopsy for the purposes of teaching and demonstration at the Heiligen–Geist Spital in Vienna. *1429 – English forces under ...
– Brett Kavanaugh, American attorney and Supreme Court Justice * February 15 – Héctor Beltrán Leyva, Mexican drug lord (d. 2018) * February 16 – Adama Barrow, Gambian politician, 3rd President of Gambia * February 17 – Michael Bay, American film director *
February 18 Events Pre-1600 * 1229 – The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, signs a ten-year truce with al-Kamil, regaining Jerusalem, Nazareth, and Bethlehem with neither military engagements nor support from the papacy. *1268 &nd ...
– Dr. Dre, African-American rapper and music producer * February 23 ** Kristin Davis, American actress ** Michael Dell, American computer manufacturer ** Vincent Chalvon-Demersay, French producer * February 25 – Sylvie Guillem, French ballerina * February 27 – Claudia Zobel, Filipina actress (d. 1984) * February 28 – Park Gok-ji, South Korean film editor


March

* March 1 ** Mike Dean (record producer), Mike Dean, Record producer ** Stewart Elliott, Canadian jockey ** Jack Tu, Taiwanese-Canadian cardiologist (d. 2018) * March 3 ** Tedros Adhanom, Director of the World Health Organization ** Dragan Stojković, Serbian footballer and coach * March 4 ** Greg Alexander, Australian rugby league player ** Paul W. S. Anderson, British filmmaker, producer and screenwriter *
March 8 Events Pre-1600 *1010 – Ferdowsi completes his epic poem ''Shahnameh''. * 1126 – Following the death of his mother, queen Urraca of León, Alfonso VII is proclaimed king of León. *1262 – Battle of Hausbergen between bo ...
** Mac Jack, South African educator and politician (d. 2020) ** Caio Júnior, Brazilian football forward and manager (d. 2016) *
March 9 Events Pre-1600 * 141 BC – Liu Che, posthumously known as Emperor Wu of Han, assumes the throne over the Han dynasty of China. * 1009 – First known mention of Lithuania, in the annals of the monastery of Quedlinburg. *1226 &nda ...
**Antonio Saca, 43rd President of El Salvador **Mike Pollock (voice actor), Mike Pollock, American voice actor * March 11 ** Catherine Fulop, Venezuelan actress, model, beauty pageant contestant, and television presenter ** Jesse Jackson Jr., African-American politician ** Laurence Llewelyn-Bowen, British designer and television presenter * March 14 – Aamir Khan, Indian film director, producer, film and scriptwriter and actor * March 16 ** Utut Adianto, Indonesian chess grandmaster (chess), grandmaster and politician ** Mark Carney, Canadian-born economist and central banker *
March 23 Events Pre-1600 *1400 – The Trần dynasty of Vietnam is deposed, after one hundred and seventy-five years of rule, by Hồ Quý Ly, a court official. *1540 – Waltham Abbey is surrendered to King Henry VIII of England; the last rel ...
– Marti Pellow, Scottish singer (Wet Wet Wet) * March 24 – The Undertaker, American professional wrestler *
March 25 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Italian city Venice is founded with the dedication of the first church, that of San Giacomo di Rialto on the islet of Rialto. * 708 – Pope Constantine becomes the 88th pope. He would be the last pope to visi ...
** Stefka Kostadinova, Bulgarian high jumper and president of the Bulgarian Olympic Committee ** Sarah Jessica Parker, American actress * March 26 – Prakash Raj, Indian actor, producer and director * March 29 – Voula Patoulidou, Greek athlete *
March 30 Events Pre-1600 * 598 – Balkan Campaign: The Avars lift the siege at the Byzantine stronghold of Tomis. Their leader Bayan I retreats north of the Danube River after the Avaro- Slavic hordes are decimated by the plague. * 1282 &n ...
– Piers Morgan, British journalist and television personality * March 31 – Steve Bing, American businessman, philanthropist, and film producer (d. 2020)


April

* April 1 ** Brian Marshall (athlete), Brian Marshall, Canadian retired track and field athlete ** Bekir Bozdağ, Turkish theologian, lawyer, and politician *
April 3 Events Pre-1600 * 686 – Maya king Yuknoom Yich'aak K'ahk' assumes the crown of Calakmul. *1043 – Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England. *1077 – The Patriarchate of Friûl, the first Friulian state, is created. ...
– Nazia Hassan, Pakistani pop singer-songwriter, lawyer and social activist (d. 2000) * April 4 – Robert Downey Jr., American actor, producer, and singer *
April 6 Events Pre–1600 *46 BC – Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato (Cato the Younger) at the Battle of Thapsus. * 402 – Stilicho defeats the Visigoths under Alaric in the Battle of Pollentia. * ...
** Black Francis, American musician ** Rica Reinisch, German swimmer *
April 9 Events Pre-1600 * 193 – The distinguished soldier Septimius Severus is proclaimed emperor by the army in Illyricum. * 475 – Byzantine Emperor Basiliscus issues a circular letter (''Enkyklikon'') to the bishops of his empire, su ...
– Paulina Porizkova, Swedish-American model and actress * April 10 – Jure Robič, Slovenian cyclist (d. 2010) * April 11 – Eelco van Asperen, Dutch computer scientist * April 12 – Kim Bodnia, Danish actor and director * April 15 – Linda Perry, American musician * April 16 – Martin Lawrence, African-American actor, comedian, and producer *
April 18 Events Pre-1600 * 796 – King Æthelred I of Northumbria is murdered in Corbridge by a group led by his ealdormen, Ealdred and Wada. The ''patrician'' Osbald is crowned, but abdicates within 27 days. *1428 – Peace of Ferrara be ...
– Camille Coduri, English actress * April 19 – Suge Knight, African-American record producer * April 20 – Jovy Marcelo, Filipino race car driver (d. 1992) * April 21 ** Tatul Krpeyan, Armenian commander (d. 1991) ** Julio Robaina, Republican politician, Mayor of Hialeah, Florida *
April 23 Events Pre-1600 *215 BC – A temple is built on the Capitoline Hill dedicated to Venus Erycina to commemorate the Roman defeat at Lake Trasimene. *599 – Maya king Uneh Chan of Calakmul attacks rival city-state Palenque in south ...
– Leni Robredo, 14th Vice President of the Philippines *
April 24 Events Pre-1600 * 1479 BC – Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th dynasty). *1183 BC – Traditional reckoning of the Fall of Troy ...
– Michel Leclerc, French director and screenwriter * April 25 – Édouard Ferrand, French politician (d. 2018) * April 26 – Kevin James, American comedian and actor * April 27 – Edwin Poots, Irish politician *
April 29 Events Pre-1600 * 1091 – Battle of Levounion: The Pechenegs are defeated by Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos. *1386 – Battle of the Vikhra River: The Principality of Smolensk is defeated by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and be ...
– David Shafer (politician), David Shafer, American politician, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia * April 30 – Adrian Pasdar, Iranian-American actor and voice artist


May

* May 3 ** Gary Mitchell, Irish playwright ** Rob Brydon, Welsh actor, comedian, impressionist and presenter * May 7 ** Owen Hart, Canadian professional wrestler (d. 1999) ** Norman Whiteside, Northern Irish football player *
May 9 Events Pre-1600 * 328 – Athanasius is elected Patriarch of Alexandria. * 1009 – Lombard Revolt: Lombard forces led by Melus revolt in Bari against the Byzantine Catepanate of Italy. *1386 – England and Portugal formally ...
– Steve Yzerman, Canadian hockey player * May 10 – Linda Evangelista, Canadian supermodel * May 11 – Monsour del Rosario, Filipino Olympic athlete and actor *
May 12 Events Pre-1600 * 254 – Pope Stephen I succeeds Pope Lucius I, becoming the 23rd pope of the Catholic Church, and immediately takes a stand against Novatianism. * 907 – Zhu Wen forces Emperor Ai into abdicating, ending the Tan ...
– Renée Simonsen, Danish model and writer * May 13 – José Antonio Delgado, Venezuelan mountain climber (d. 2006) * May 14 – Eoin Colfer, Irish novelist * May 16 – Rodica Dunca, Romanian artistic gymnast ** Krist Novoselic, American musician and activist (Nirvana (band), Nirvana) * May 17 – Trent Reznor, American rock musician (Nine Inch Nails) * May 19 – Philippe Dhondt, French singer * May 23 ** Manuel Sanchís Hontiyuelo, Spanish footballer ** Melissa McBride, American actress (''The Walking Dead (TV series), The Walking Dead'') * May 24 ** Carlos Franco, Paraguayan golfer ** John C. Reilly, American actor and comedian ** Shinichirō Watanabe, Japanese anime director *
May 25 Events Pre-1600 *567 BC – Servius Tullius, the king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victory over the Etruscans. *240 BC – First recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. *1085 – Alfonso VI of Castile takes Tol ...
– Yahya Jammeh, President of the Gambia * May 28 – Robbi Chong, Canadian actress * May 30 – Guadalupe Grande, Spanish poet (d. 2021) *
May 31 Events Pre-1600 * 455 – Emperor Petronius Maximus is stoned to death by an angry mob while fleeing Rome. *1223 – Mongol invasion of the Cumans: Battle of the Kalka River: Mongol armies of Genghis Khan led by Subutai defeat Kie ...
– Brooke Shields, American actress and model


June

*
June 1 Events Pre-1600 *1215 – Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Zhongdu. *1252 – Alfonso X is proclaimed king o ...
** Larisa Lazutina, Russian cross-country skier ** Nigel Short, English chess player *
June 2 Events Pre-1600 * 455 – Sack of Rome: Vandals enter Rome, and plunder the city for two weeks. * 1098 – First Crusade: The first Siege of Antioch ends as Crusader forces take the city; the second siege began five days later. 1601 ...
– Steve Waugh, Steve and Mark Waugh, Australian cricketers * June 4 – Mick Doohan, Australian motorcycle racer * June 6 ** Cam Neely, Canadian ice hockey player ** Megumi Ogata, Japanese voice actress and singer *
June 7 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Emperor Theodosius II marries Aelia Eudocia at Constantinople (Byzantine Empire). * 879 – Pope John VIII recognizes the Duchy of Croatia under Duke Branimir as an independent state. *1002 – Henry II ...
** Mick Foley, American professional wrestler ** Damien Hirst, British artist ** Christine Roque, French singer * June 8 ** Frank Grillo, American actor ** Rob Pilatus, German model, dancer and singer (d. 1998) *
June 10 Events Pre-1600 * 671 – Emperor Tenji of Japan introduces a water clock (clepsydra) called ''Rokoku''. The instrument, which measures time and indicates hours, is placed in the capital of Ōtsu. *1190 – Third Crusade: Frederick I ...
** Veronica Ferres, German actress ** Elizabeth Hurley, English model and actress * June 11 – Manuel Uribe, morbidly obese Mexican (d. 2014) * June 12 – Carlos Luis Morales, Ecuadorian journalist (d. 2020) * June 13 – Infanta Cristina of Spain * June 15 – Bernard Hopkins, American boxer * June 16 – Andrea M. Ghez, American astronomer, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics * June 17 ** Dana Eskelson, American actress ** Dan Jansen, American speedskater ** Dara O'Kearney, Irish ultra runner and professional poker player * June 18 ** Kim Dickens, American actress ** Hani Mohsin, Malaysian celebrity, actor and host (d. 2006) * June 21 ** Yang Liwei, Chinese major general, military pilot and China National Space Administration astronaut ** Gabriella Selmeczi, Hungarian jurist and politician ** Tim Lajcik, Czech American mixed martial artist, stuntman, actor and writer *
June 22 Events Pre-1600 *217 BC – Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV Philopator of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom. * 168 BC – Battle of Pydna: Romans under Lucius Aemilius Paullus defeat Macedonian King Per ...
– Anubhav Sinha, Indian film director * June 23 – Paul Arthurs, English Musician (Oasis (band), Oasis) * June 24 – Son Hyun-joo, South Korean actor * June 25 – Joseph Hii Teck Kwong, Malaysian bishop * June 26 – Jana Hybášková, Czech politician and diplomat * June 27 ** Frédéric Lemoine, French businessman ** S. Manikavasagam, Malaysian politician * June 28 – Belayneh Dinsamo, Ethiopian long-distance runner * June 29 ** Véronique Laury, French businesswoman ** Dado Villa-Lobos, Brazilian musician ** Matthew Weiner, American television writer, director and producer * June 30 ** Philippe Duquesne, French actor ** Cho Jae-hyun, South Korean actor ** Mitch Richmond, American basketball player


July

* July 1 ** Teddy McCarthy, hurler and Gaelic footballer ** Carl Fogarty, English motorcycle racer ** Mohammed Abdul Hussein, Iraqi former footballer * July 2 – Fredrik Sejersted, Norwegian jurist * July 3 ** Komsan Pohkong, Thai lawyer ** Shinya Hashimoto, Japanese professional wrestler (d. 2005) ** Connie Nielsen, Danish actress ** Tommy Flanagan (actor), Tommy Flanagan, Scottish actor * July 4 – Tracy Letts, American actor, playwright and screenwriter * July 5 ** Kathryn Erbe, American actress ** Eyran Katsenelenbogen, Israeli jazz pianist * July 7 ** Paula Devicq, Canadian actress ** Jeremy Kyle, English radio and television presenter * July 10 ** Danny Boffin, Belgian footballer ** Princess Alexia of Greece and Denmark * July 11 – Ernesto Hoost, Dutch kickboxer * July 12 – Mama Kandeh, Gambian politician * July 13 – Akina Nakamori, Japanese singer and actress *
July 14 Events Pre-1600 * 982 – King Otto II and his Frankish army are defeated by the Muslim army of al-Qasim at Cape Colonna, Southern Italy. *1223 – Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father, Philip II. *142 ...
– Lou Savarese, American boxer * July 15 – Dafna Rechter, Israeli actress and singer * July 17 ** Santiago Segura, Spanish actor, screenwriter, producer and director ** Rosa Gumataotao Rios, 43rd Treasurer of the United States ** Alex Winter, British actor * July 18 – Eva Ionesco, French actress, film director and screenwriter * July 19 ** Dame Evelyn Glennie, Scottish virtuoso percussionist ** Hailemariam Desalegn, 15th Prime Minister of Ethiopia * July 21 – Guðni Bergsson, Icelandic footballer * July 22 – Shawn Michaels, American professional wrestler * July 23 ** Grace Mugabe, First Lady of Zimbabwe ** Slash (musician), Slash (Saul Hudson), American rock musician * July 25 – Illeana Douglas, American actress and producer *
July 26 Events Pre-1600 * 657 – First Fitna: In the Battle of Siffin, troops led by Ali ibn Abu Talib clash with those led by Muawiyah I. * 811 – Battle of Pliska: Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros I is killed and his heir Staurakios is ser ...
** Vladimir Cruz, Cuban actor ** Jeremy Piven, American actor ** Jimmy Dore, American comedian and political commentator * July 27 ** José Luis Chilavert, Paraguayan footballer ** Trifon Ivanov, Bulgarian footballer (d. 2016) *
July 28 Events Pre-1600 * 1364 – Troops of the Republic of Pisa and the Republic of Florence clash in the Battle of Cascina. * 1540 – Henry VIII of England marries his fifth wife, Catherine Howard, on the same day his former Chancellor, Th ...
– Daniela Mercury, Brazilian singer, songwriter, dancer, producer, actress and television host * July 29 – Chang-Rae Lee, Korean-American novelist * July 31 – J. K. Rowling, English author


August

* August 1 – Sam Mendes, English film director * August 2 ** Sandra Ng, Hong Kong actress ** Hisanobu Watanabe, Japanese baseball player and coach * August 4 ** Terri Lyne Carrington, American jazz drummer ** Dennis Lehane, American crime writer ** Fredrik Reinfeldt, Swedish Prime Minister * August 5 – Monica Ward, Italian actress and voice actress * August 6 – David Robinson, American basketball player * August 10 ** Claudia Christian, American actress, writer, singer, musician, and director ** Mike E. Smith, American jockey ** John Starks (basketball), John Starks, American basketball player * August 11 – Viola Davis, African-American actress * August 15 – Vincent Kok, Vincent Kuk, Hong Kong director and actor * August 16 – Michael O'Gorman (rowing), Michael O'Gorman, American coxswain (d. 2018) *
August 19 Events Pre-1600 *295 BC – The first temple to Venus, the Roman goddess of love, beauty and fertility, is dedicated by Quintus Fabius Maximus Gurges during the Third Samnite War. *43 BC – Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus, later kn ...
** Kevin Dillon, American actor ** Kyra Sedgwick, American actress ** James Tomkins (rower), James Tomkins, Australian rower * August 22 – David Reimer, Canadian man, born male but reassigned female and raised as a girl after a botched circumcision (d. 2004) * August 24 – Reggie Miller, American basketball player and commentator * August 25 – Mia Zapata, American singer (d. 1993) * August 26 – Azela Robinson, Mexican actress * August 28 ** Satoshi Tajiri, Japanese video game designer and ''Pokémon'' creator ** Amanda Tapping, Canadian actress ** Shania Twain, Canadian country singer and songwriter *
August 31 Events Pre-1600 * 1056 – After a sudden illness a few days previously, Byzantine Empress Theodora dies childless, thus ending the Macedonian dynasty. *1057 – Abdication of Byzantine Emperor Michael VI Bringas after just one year ...
– Daniel Bernhardt, Swiss actor and martial artist


September

* September 1 – Craig McLachlan, Australian actor and singer *
September 2 Events Pre-1600 * 44 BC – Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesarion. * 44 BC – Cicero launches the first of his '' Philippicae'' (oratorical attacks) on Mark Antony. He will make 14 of th ...
– Lennox Lewis, British boxer * September 3 ** Costas Mandylor, Greek-Australian actor ** Charlie Sheen, American actor and producer * September 5 – Derby Makinka, Zambian footballer (d. 1993) * September 6 – Gleisi Hoffmann, Brazilian lawyer and politician * September 7 – Jörg Pilawa, German television presenter *
September 8 Events Pre-1600 * 617 – Battle of Huoyi: Li Yuan defeats a Sui dynasty army, opening the path to his capture of the imperial capital Chang'an and the eventual establishment of the Tang dynasty. *1100 – Election of Antipope Theo ...
** Tutilo Burger, German Benedictine monk and abbot ** Darlene Zschech, Australian singer and worship leader *
September 9 Events Pre-1600 *337 – Constantine II, Constantius II, and Constans succeed their father Constantine I as co-emperors. The Roman Empire is divided between the three Augusti. *1000 – Battle of Svolder, Viking Age. *1141 – Y ...
– Constance Marie, American actress * September 10 – Marco Pastors, Dutch politician * September 11 ** Bashar al-Assad, President of Syria ** Moby, American musician * September 12 – Einstein Kristiansen, Norwegian cartoonist, designer, and television host * September 14 – Dmitry Medvedev, former President of Russia * September 15 – Fernanda Torres, Brazilian actress *
September 16 Events Pre-1600 * 681 – Pope Honorius I is posthumously excommunicated by the Sixth Ecumenical Council. * 1400 – Owain Glyndŵr is declared Prince of Wales by his followers. 1601–1900 *1620 – A determined band of 35 relig ...
– Katy Kurtzman, American actress, director and producer *
September 17 Events Pre-1600 *1111 – Highest Galician nobility led by Pedro Fróilaz de Traba and the bishop Diego Gelmírez crown Alfonso VII as "King of Galicia". *1176 – The Battle of Myriokephalon is the last attempt by the Byzantine Em ...
** Kyle Chandler, American actor ** Yuji Naka, Japanese video game programmer * September 19 ** Goldie, English record producer and DJ ** Tim Scott, African-American politician and businessman ** Tshering Tobgay, former List of prime ministers of Bhutan, Prime Minister of Bhutan *
September 20 Events Pre-1600 * 1058 – Agnes of Poitou and Andrew I of Hungary meet to negotiate about the border territory of Burgenland. * 1066 – At the Battle of Fulford, Harald Hardrada defeats earls Morcar and Edwin. *1187 – Saladin ...
– Robert Rusler, American actor * September 21 ** Cheryl Hines, American actress ** Johanna Vuoksenmaa, Finnish film director ** David Wenham, Australian actor ** Pramila Jayapal, American politician * September 23 – Mark Woodforde, Australian tennis player * September 25 – Scottie Pippen, American basketball player * September 26 ** Radisav Ćurčić, Serbian-Israeli basketball player ** Alexei Mordashov, Russian businessman ** Petro Poroshenko, former President of Ukraine *
September 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1066 – William the Conqueror and his army set sail from the mouth of the Somme river, beginning the Norman conquest of England. *1331 – The Battle of Płowce is fought, between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teuto ...
– Steve Kerr, American basketball player


October

* October 1 – Andreas Keller, German field hockey player * October 2 – Gerardo Reyero, Mexican voice actor *
October 3 Events Pre-1600 *2457 BC – Gaecheonjeol, Hwanung (환웅) purportedly descended from heaven. South Korea's National Foundation Day. * 52 BC – Gallic Wars: Vercingetorix, leader of the Gauls, surrenders to the Romans under Julius ...
** Adriana Calcanhotto, Brazilian singer and composer ** Jan-Ove Waldner, Swedish table tennis player * October 5 ** Mario Lemieux, Canadian ice hockey player ** Patrick Roy, Canadian ice hockey player * October 6 – Steve Scalise, Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives, House Majority Whip and United States House of Representatives, U.S. Representative of Louisiana's 1st district * October 8 ** Matt Biondi, American swimmer ** C. J. Ramone, American musician * October 9 – Dionicio Cerón, Mexican long-distance runner * October 10 – Chris Penn, American actor (d. 2006) * October 11 ** Julianne McNamara, American artistic gymnast ** Lennie James, English actor, screenwriter, and playwright * October 13 – Kalpana (Malayalam actress), Kalpana, Indian film actress (d. 2016) * October 14 ** Steve Coogan, British comedian and actor ** Constantine Koukias, Australian composer * October 16 – Kang Kyung-ok, South Korean artist * October 17 ** Aravinda de Silva, Sri Lankan cricketer ** Rhys Muldoon, Australian actor, writer, and director * October 18 – Zakir Naik, Indian doctor and Islamic activist * October 19 ** The Renegade (wrestler), The Renegade, American professional wrestler (d. 1999) ** Ty Pennington, American television presenter ** Tracy Griffith, American actress, sushi chef, and painter * October 20 ** Amos Mansdorf, Israeli tennis player * October 26 ** Aaron Kwok, Hong Kong singer and actor ** Kelly Rowan, Canadian actress ** Ken Rutherford (cricketer), Kenneth Rutherford, New Zealand cricketer * October 29 – Christy Clark, Canadian politician * October 30 – Zaza Urushadze, Georgian film director, producer and screenwriter (d. 2019) * October 31 – Rob Rackstraw, British actor


November

* November 1 – Mia Korf, American actress * November 2 ** Paweł Adamowicz, Polish politician and lawyer (d. 2019) ** Shah Rukh Khan, Indian actor, film/television producer and television presenter * November 4 – Wayne Static, American singer and musician (Static-X) (d. 2014) * November 7 – Sigrun Wodars, German athlete * November 8 – Patricia Poleo, Venezuelan journalist * November 9 – Sir Bryn Terfel, Welsh baritone * November 10 – Eddie Irvine, Northern Irish racing driver * November 11 – Max Mutchnick, American television producer * November 12 – Ricard Zapata Barrero, Ricard Zapata-Barrero, Spanish scholar of migration studies * November 13 – Rick Roberts (actor), Rick Roberts, Canadian actor * November 19 ** Paulo S. L. M. Barreto, Paulo Barreto, Brazilian cryptographer ** Laurent Blanc, French football player and manager * November 20 – Yoshiki (musician), Yoshiki Hayashi, Japanese rock composer, pianist and drummer * November 21 ** Björk, Icelandic singer-songwriter and musician ** Reggie Lewis, American basketball player (d. 1993) ** Alexander Siddig, Sudanese-British actor * November 22 – Mads Mikkelsen, Danish actor * November 23 – Radion Gataullin, Uzbek-Russian pole-vaulter * November 24 – Shirley Henderson, Scottish actress * November 25 – Ana Paula Padrão, Brazilian journalist, chief editor, entrepreneur, writer and television presenter * November 26 – Scott Adsit, American actor * November 29 ** Yutaka Ozaki, Japanese musician (d. 1992) ** Lauren Child, American author * November 30 ** Ben Stiller, American actor, comedian and filmmaker ** Tashi Tenzing, Indian mountaineer


December

* December 3 ** Steve Harris (actor), Steve Harris, American actor ** Katarina Witt, German figure skater ** Andrew Stanton, American animator, storyboard artist, film director, and screenwriter * December 5 – Johnny Rzeznik, American rock singer and guitarist * December 7 ** Teruyuki Kagawa, Japanese actor ** Jeffrey Wright, African-American actor * December 8 – David Harewood, English actor * December 9 – Brad Savage, American actor * December 10 – Stephanie Morgenstern, Canadian actress * December 15 – Luis Fabián Artime, Argentine footballer * December 16 – J. B. Smoove, African-American actor and comedian * December 18 – John Moshoeu, South African footballer (d. 2015) * December 19 – Jessica Steen, Canadian actress * December 21 ** Andy Dick, American actor and comedian ** Anke Engelke, German comedian, actress and voice-over actress * December 23 – Andreas Kappes, German cyclist (d. 2018) * December 27 – Salman Khan, Indian actor, television presenter * December 30 – Valentina Legkostupova, Soviet and Russian pop singer, teacher and producer (d. 2020) * December 31 ** Nicholas Sparks, American author ** Gong Li, Chinese actress


Date unknown

*Yklymberdi Paromov, Turkmenistan, Turkmen politician


Deaths


January

* January 4 – T. S. Eliot, American-British poet, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1888) * January 10 ** Antonín Bečvář, Czechoslovak astronomer (b. 1901) ** Frederick Fleet, British sailor and lookout aboard the RMS Titanic, RMS ''Titanic'' (b. 1887) * January 12 – Lorraine Hansberry, African-American playwright and writer (b. 1930) *
January 14 Events Pre-1600 *1236 – King Henry III of England marries Eleanor of Provence. * 1301 – Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Árpád dynasty in Hungary. 1601–1900 * 1639 – The " Fundamental Orders", the first written ...
– Jeanette MacDonald, American actress and singer (b. 1903) * January 15 – Pierre Ngendandumwe, 4th and 6th Prime Minister of Burundi (assassinated) (b. 1930) *
January 20 Events Pre-1600 * 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution. * 649 – King Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, crowns his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom. *1156 &nda ...
– Alan Freed, American disc jockey (b. 1922) * January 24 – Sir Winston Churchill, British politician and statesman, twice Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, World War II leader, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature (b. 1874) * January 27 – Hassan Ali Mansur, Iranian politician, 69th Prime Minister of Iran (b. 1923) * January 28 ** Taimur bin Feisal, Sultan of Muscat and Oman (b. 1886) ** Maxime Weygand, French general (b. 1867) * January 31 – Konstantin Muraviev, 31st Prime Minister of Bulgaria (b. 1893)


February

* February 5 – Irving Bacon, American actor (b. 1893) * February 6 – Frederick, Prince of Hohenzollern (b. 1891) * February 7 – Nance O'Neil, American stage and film actress (b. 1874) * February 9 – Khan Bahadur Ahsanullah, Indian educationist, philosopher, philanthropist, social reformer and spiritualist (b. 1874) * February 13 **
Humberto Delgado Humberto da Silva Delgado, ComC, GCA, GOA, ComA, OA, ComSE, GCL, OIP, CBE (Portuguese pronunciation: ˈbɛɾtu dɛɫˈɡadu 15 May 1906 – 13 February 1965) was a General of the Portuguese Air Force, diplomat and politician. Early l ...
, Portuguese general and opposition politician (b. 1906) ** William Heard Kilpatrick, American mathematician and philosopher (b. 1871) * February 14 – Désiré-Émile Inghelbrecht, French composer (b. 1880) * February 15 – Nat King Cole, American singer and musician (b. 1919) * February 19 ** Forrest Taylor, American actor (b. 1883) ** Tom Wilson (actor), Tom Wilson, American actor (b. 1880) *
February 21 Events Pre-1600 *452 or 453 – Severianus, Bishop of Scythopolis, is martyred in Palestine. *1245 – Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland, is granted resignation after confessing to torture and forgery. * 1440 – The ...
Malcolm X Malcolm X (born Malcolm Little, later Malik el-Shabazz; May 19, 1925 – February 21, 1965) was an American Muslim minister and human rights activist who was a prominent figure during the civil rights movement. A spokesman for the Nation of ...
, American civil rights activist (b. 1925) * February 22 – Felix Frankfurter, Supreme Court of the United States, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (b. 1882) * February 23 – Stan Laurel, British actor (b. 1890) * February 24 – Takeo Itō, Japanese general (b. 1889) * February 28 – Adolf Schärf, Austrian politician, 6th President of Austria (b. 1890)


March

* March 5 – Salvador Castaneda Castro, 31st President of El Salvador (b. 1888) * March 6 – Margaret Dumont, American actress (b. 1889) *
March 7 Events Pre-1600 * 161 – Marcus Aurelius and L. Commodus (who changes his name to Lucius Verus) become joint emperors of Rome on the death of Antoninus Pius. *1138 – Konrad III von Hohenstaufen was elected king of Germany at Coble ...
– Louise Mountbatten, Queen of Sweden and second wife of Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden, King Gustaf VI Adolf (b. 1889) * March 13 ** Corrado Gini, Italian statistician (b. 1884) ** Vittorio Jano, Italian automobile designer (b. 1891) ** Fan Noli, Albanian bishop, poet and politician, 13th Prime Minister of Albania (b. 1882) * March 14 – Marion Jones Farquhar, American tennis champion (b. 1879) * March 17 ** Nancy Cunard, English writer, heiress, and political activist (b. 1896) ** Amos Alonzo Stagg, American baseball, basketball and football player and coach (b. 1862) *
March 18 Events Pre-1600 * 37 – Roman Senate annuls Tiberius' will and proclaims Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ''(aka Caligula = Little Boots)'' emperor.Tacitus, ''Annals'' V.10. *1068 – An earthquake in the Levant and the Ar ...
– King Farouk of Egypt (b. 1920) * March 19 – Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, Romanian communist leader, 47th Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1901) * March 22 – Fidel Dávila Arrondo, Fidel Dávila, Spanish general and minister (b. 1878) *
March 23 Events Pre-1600 *1400 – The Trần dynasty of Vietnam is deposed, after one hundred and seventy-five years of rule, by Hồ Quý Ly, a court official. *1540 – Waltham Abbey is surrendered to King Henry VIII of England; the last rel ...
– Mae Murray, American actress (b. 1885) *
March 25 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Italian city Venice is founded with the dedication of the first church, that of San Giacomo di Rialto on the islet of Rialto. * 708 – Pope Constantine becomes the 88th pope. He would be the last pope to visi ...
** Giorgio Federico Ghedini, Italian composer (b. 1892) ** Viola Liuzzo, American Unitarian Universalist and civil rights activist (b. 1925) *
March 28 Events Pre-1600 * AD 37 – Roman emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, bestowed on him by the Senate. * 193 – After assassinating the Roman Emperor Pertinax, his Praetorian Guards auction off the throne to Di ...
** Mary, Princess Royal and Countess of Harewood (b. 1897) ** Jack Hoxie, American actor, rodeo performer (b. 1885) *
March 30 Events Pre-1600 * 598 – Balkan Campaign: The Avars lift the siege at the Byzantine stronghold of Tomis. Their leader Bayan I retreats north of the Danube River after the Avaro- Slavic hordes are decimated by the plague. * 1282 &n ...
– Philip Showalter Hench, American physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1896)


April

*
April 3 Events Pre-1600 * 686 – Maya king Yuknoom Yich'aak K'ahk' assumes the crown of Calakmul. *1043 – Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England. *1077 – The Patriarchate of Friûl, the first Friulian state, is created. ...
– Ray Enright, American film director (b. 1896) * April 10 ** Linda Darnell, American actress (b. 1923) ** La Belle Otero, Spanish actress, dancer and courtesan (b. 1868) * April 14 ** Leonard Mudie, English actor (b. 1883) ** Perry Smith (murderer), Perry Smith (b. 1928) and Dick Hickock (b. 1931), American convicted murderers * April 16 – Sydney Chaplin, English actor (b. 1885) *
April 18 Events Pre-1600 * 796 – King Æthelred I of Northumbria is murdered in Corbridge by a group led by his ealdormen, Ealdred and Wada. The ''patrician'' Osbald is crowned, but abdicates within 27 days. *1428 – Peace of Ferrara be ...
– Guillermo González Camarena, Mexican inventor (b. 1917) * April 21 – Edward Victor Appleton, English physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1892) *
April 23 Events Pre-1600 *215 BC – A temple is built on the Capitoline Hill dedicated to Venus Erycina to commemorate the Roman defeat at Lake Trasimene. *599 – Maya king Uneh Chan of Calakmul attacks rival city-state Palenque in south ...
– George Adamski, Polish-American UFO writer (b. 1891) *
April 24 Events Pre-1600 * 1479 BC – Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th dynasty). *1183 BC – Traditional reckoning of the Fall of Troy ...
– Louise Dresser, American actress (b. 1878) * April 27 – Edward R. Murrow, American journalist (b. 1908) * April 30 – Helen Chandler, American actress (b. 1906)


May

*
May 1 Events Pre-1600 * 305 – Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman emperor. * 880 – The Nea Ekklesia is inaugurated in Constantinople, setting the model for all later cross-in-square Orthodox churches. *1169 &ndas ...
– Spike Jones, American musician and bandleader (b. 1911) * May 6 – Oren E. Long, American politician, 10th Governor of Hawai'i (b. 1889) * May 7 – Charles Sheeler, American photographer (b. 1883) *
May 9 Events Pre-1600 * 328 – Athanasius is elected Patriarch of Alexandria. * 1009 – Lombard Revolt: Lombard forces led by Melus revolt in Bari against the Byzantine Catepanate of Italy. *1386 – England and Portugal formally ...
– Leopold Figl, 14th Chancellor of Austria and acting President of Austria (b. 1902) * May 14 – Frances Perkins, first woman appointed as a United States Presidential cabinet member (Labor) (b. 1880) * May 15 – Yisrael Bar-Yehuda, Zionist activist and Israel politician (b. 1895) * May 16 – Maria Dąbrowska, Polish writer (b. 1886) * May 18 – Eli Cohen, Israeli spy (b. 1924) * May 21 – Geoffrey de Havilland, Sir Geoffrey de Havilland, British aviation pioneer and aircraft company founder (b. 1882) * May 23 ** Rosina Anselmi, Italian actress (b. 1880) ** David Smith (sculptor), David Smith, American sculptor (b. 1906) *
May 25 Events Pre-1600 *567 BC – Servius Tullius, the king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victory over the Etruscans. *240 BC – First recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. *1085 – Alfonso VI of Castile takes Tol ...
– Sonny Boy Williamson II, Sonny Boy Williamson, American blues musician (b. 1899)


June

*
June 1 Events Pre-1600 *1215 – Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Zhongdu. *1252 – Alfonso X is proclaimed king o ...
– Curly Lambeau, American football player and coach (b. 1898) * June 5 ** Eleanor Farjeon, British author of children's literature (b. 1881) ** Prince Wilhelm, Duke of Södermanland (b. 1884) *
June 7 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Emperor Theodosius II marries Aelia Eudocia at Constantinople (Byzantine Empire). * 879 – Pope John VIII recognizes the Duchy of Croatia under Duke Branimir as an independent state. *1002 – Henry II ...
– Judy Holliday, American actress, comedian, and singer (b. 1921) * June 11 – José Mendes Cabeçadas, Portuguese navy officer, 94th Prime Minister of Portugal and 9th President of Portugal (b. 1883) * June 13 – Martin Buber, Austrian-Israeli philosopher (b. 1878) * June 15 – Steve Cochran, American actor (b. 1917) * June 19 – James Collip, Canadian biochemist (b. 1892) *
June 20 Events Pre-1600 * 451 – Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius' battles Attila the Hun. After the battle, which was inconclusive, Attila retreats, causing the Romans to interpret it as a victory. * 1180 – First Battle of Uji, starting ...
– Bernard Baruch, American financier and presidential adviser (b. 1870) *
June 22 Events Pre-1600 *217 BC – Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV Philopator of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom. * 168 BC – Battle of Pydna: Romans under Lucius Aemilius Paullus defeat Macedonian King Per ...
– David O. Selznick, American film producer (b. 1902) * June 23 – Mary Boland, American actress (b. 1882) * June 28 – Red Nichols, American jazz cornettist (b. 1905) * June 30 – Bessie Barriscale, American actress (b. 1884)


July

* July 1 – Wally Hammond, English cricketer (b. 1903) * July 7 – Moshe Sharett, 2nd Prime Minister of Israel (b. 1894) * July 8 – T. S. Stribling, American novelist (b. 1881) * July 11 – Ray Collins (actor), Ray Collins, American actor (b. 1889) * July 13 – Laureano Gómez, 43rd President of Colombia (b. 1889) *
July 14 Events Pre-1600 * 982 – King Otto II and his Frankish army are defeated by the Muslim army of al-Qasim at Cape Colonna, Southern Italy. *1223 – Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father, Philip II. *142 ...
** Adlai Stevenson II, Adlai Stevenson, American politician (b. 1900) ** Max Woosnam, English sportsman (b. 1892) * July 19 ** Clyde Beatty, American animal trainer (b. 1903) ** Ingrid Jonker, South African Afrikaans poet (b. 1933) ** Syngman Rhee, Korean statesman, 1st President of South Korea (b. 1875) *
July 24 Events Pre-1600 *1132 – Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily. *1148 – Louis VII of France lays siege to Damascus during the Second Crusade. *1304 – Wars of Scottish Independence: Fall of St ...
– Constance Bennett, American actress (b. 1904) *
July 28 Events Pre-1600 * 1364 – Troops of the Republic of Pisa and the Republic of Florence clash in the Battle of Cascina. * 1540 – Henry VIII of England marries his fifth wife, Catherine Howard, on the same day his former Chancellor, Th ...
– Rampo Edogawa, Japanese author and critic (b. 1894) * July 30 ** Pier Ruggero Piccio, Italian World War I fighter ace, air force general (b. 1880) ** Jun'ichirō Tanizaki, Japanese writer (b. 1886)


August

* August 1 – John Miller (rower), John Miller, American Olympic rower - Men's eights (b. 1903) * August 6 ** Nancy Carroll, American actress (b. 1903) ** Everett Sloane, American actor (b. 1909) * August 8 – Shirley Jackson, American author (b. 1916) *
August 9 Events Pre-1600 *48 BC – Caesar's Civil War: Battle of Pharsalus: Julius Caesar decisively defeats Pompey at Pharsalus and Pompey flees to Ancient Egypt, Egypt. * 378 – Gothic War (376–382), Gothic War: Battle of Adrianople: A la ...
– Creighton Hale, American actor (b. 1882) * August 13 – Hayato Ikeda, Japanese politician, 38th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1899) * August 25 – Johnny Hayes, American Olympic athlete (b. 1886) * August 27 – Le Corbusier, Swiss architect (b. 1887) * August 28 ** Rashid Ali al-Gaylani, Iraqi politician, 9th Prime Minister of Iraq (b. 1892) ** Giulio Racah, Israeli physicist (b. 1909) * August 29 – Paul Waner, American baseball player (b. 1903)


September

* September 4 ** Tommy Hampson, British Olympic athlete (b. 1907) ** Albert Schweitzer, Alsace, Alsatian physician and missionary, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1875) *
September 8 Events Pre-1600 * 617 – Battle of Huoyi: Li Yuan defeats a Sui dynasty army, opening the path to his capture of the imperial capital Chang'an and the eventual establishment of the Tang dynasty. *1100 – Election of Antipope Theo ...
** Dorothy Dandridge, American actress (b. 1922) ** Hermann Staudinger, German chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1881) * September 12 – Lucian Truscott, American general (b. 1895) *
September 16 Events Pre-1600 * 681 – Pope Honorius I is posthumously excommunicated by the Sixth Ecumenical Council. * 1400 – Owain Glyndŵr is declared Prince of Wales by his followers. 1601–1900 *1620 – A determined band of 35 relig ...
– Fred Quimby, American animated film producer (b. 1886) *
September 17 Events Pre-1600 *1111 – Highest Galician nobility led by Pedro Fróilaz de Traba and the bishop Diego Gelmírez crown Alfonso VII as "King of Galicia". *1176 – The Battle of Myriokephalon is the last attempt by the Byzantine Em ...
– Alejandro Casona, Spanish poet and playwright (b. 1903) *
September 22 Events Pre-1600 * 904 – The warlord Zhu Quanzhong kills Emperor Zhaozong, the penultimate emperor of the Tang dynasty, after seizing control of the imperial government. *1236 – The Samogitians defeat the Livonian Brothers of the ...
– Othmar Ammann, Swiss-born American engineer (b. 1879) *
September 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1066 – William the Conqueror and his army set sail from the mouth of the Somme river, beginning the Norman conquest of England. *1331 – The Battle of Płowce is fought, between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teuto ...
– Clara Bow, American silent film actress (b. 1905)


October

* October 1 – Anton Boisen, American founder of the clinical pastoral education movement (b. 1876) *
October 3 Events Pre-1600 *2457 BC – Gaecheonjeol, Hwanung (환웅) purportedly descended from heaven. South Korea's National Foundation Day. * 52 BC – Gallic Wars: Vercingetorix, leader of the Gauls, surrenders to the Romans under Julius ...
– Zachary Scott, American actor (b. 1914) * October 6 – Moors murders, Edward Evans, English murder victim (b. 1948) * October 11 ** Dorothea Lange, American photographer (b. 1895) ** Walther Stampfli, member of the Swiss Federal Council (b. 1884) * October 12 – Samir Al-Rifai, 6-time Prime Minister of Jordan (b. 1901) * October 13 – Paul Hermann Müller, Swiss chemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1899) * October 14 – Randall Jarrell, American poet (b. 1914) * October 15 – Abraham Fraenkel, Israeli mathematician and recipient of the Israel Prize (b. 1891) * October 17 – Bart King, American cricketer (b. 1873) * October 18 ** Oscar Beregi (actor, born 1876), Oscar Beregi, Hungarian actor (b. 1876) ** Henry Travers, English actor (b. 1874) * October 21 ** Bill Black, American musician and bandleader (b. 1926) ** Marie McDonald, American actress (b. 1923) * October 22 – Paul Tillich, German American Christian existentialist philosopher and theologian (b. 1886) * October 23 – Luis de la Puente Uceda, Peruvian guerrilla leader (b. 1926) * October 24 – Hans Meerwein, German chemist (b. 1879) * October 26 – Murder of Sylvia Likens, Sylvia Likens, American murder victim (b. 1949) * October 29 – Miller Anderson (diver), Miller Anderson, American Olympic diver (b. 1922) * October 31 – Rita Johnson, American actress (b. 1913)


November

* November 2 ** Félix Paiva, 28th President of Paraguay (b. 1877) ** H.V. Evatt, Australian politician, judge (b. 1894) * November 6 ** Edgard Varèse, French-born composer (b. 1883) ** Clarence Williams (musician), Clarence Williams, American musician (b. 1893) * November 7 – Mirza Basheer-ud-Din Mahmood Ahmad, 2nd Caliph of Ahmadiyya Muslim Community in Islam (b. 1889) * November 8 ** Dorothy Kilgallen, American newspaper columnist and television personality (b. 1913) ** Emma Gramatica, Italian actress (b. 1874) * November 16 – W. T. Cosgrave, Irish politician, president of the Chairman of the Provisional Government of the Irish Free State, Provisional Government and the President of the Executive Council of the Irish Free State, Executive Council of the Irish Free State (b. 1880) * November 18 ** Khalid al-Azm, 5-time Prime Minister of Syria and acting President of Syria (b. 1903) ** Henry A. Wallace, 33rd Vice President of the United States (b. 1888) * November 24 – Abdullah III Al-Salim Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (b. 1895) * November 25 – Dame Myra Hess, English pianist (b. 1890)


December

* December 5 – Joseph Erlanger, American physiologist and academic, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1874) * December 9 – Branch Rickey, American baseball executive (b. 1881) * December 10 – Henry Cowell, American composer (b. 1897) * December 11 – George Constantinescu, Romanian scientist (b. 1881) * December 15 – Joseph Bamina, 8th Prime Minister of Burundi (executed) (b. 1925) * December 16 ** W. Somerset Maugham, English writer (b. 1874) ** Tito Schipa, Italian tenor (b. 1889) * December 24 – William M. Branham, American minister (b. 1909) * December 27 – Edgar Ende, German painter (b. 1901) * December 29 – Kosaku Yamada, Japanese composer and conductor (b. 1886)


Nobel Prizes

* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Shin'ichirō Tomonaga, Julian Schwinger, Richard Feynman, Richard P. Feynman * Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Robert Burns Woodward * Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Physiology or Medicine – François Jacob, André Michel Lwoff, Jacques Monod * Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Mikhail Sholokhov * Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – UNICEF, United Nation's Children's Fund (UNICEF)


References

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