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January–February

*
January 14 Events Pre-1600 *1236 – King Henry III of England marries Eleanor of Provence. *1301 – Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Árpád dynasty in Hungary. 1601–1900 *1639 – The "Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, Fundamenta ...
– The Prime Minister of
Northern Ireland Northern Ireland ( ga, Tuaisceart Éireann ; sco, label= Ulster-Scots, Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom, situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland, that is variously described as a country, province or region. Nort ...
and the
Taoiseach The Taoiseach is the head of government, or prime minister, of Republic of Ireland, Ireland. The office is appointed by the president of Ireland upon the nomination of Dáil Éireann (the lower house of the Oireachtas, Ireland's national legisl ...
of the
Republic of Ireland Ireland ( ga, Éire ), also known as the Republic of Ireland (), is a country in north-western Europe consisting of 26 of the 32 counties of the island of Ireland. The capital and largest city is Dublin, on the eastern side of the island. A ...
meet for the first time in 43 years. *
January 20 Events Pre-1600 * 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution. * 649 – King Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, crowns his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom. * 1156 &ndas ...
**
Lyndon B. Johnson Lyndon Baines Johnson (; August 27, 1908January 22, 1973), often referred to by his initials LBJ, was an American politician who served as the 36th president of the United States from 1963 to 1969. He had previously served as the 37th vice ...
is
sworn in Traditionally an oath (from Anglo-Saxon ', also called plight) is either a statement of fact or a promise taken by a sacrality as a sign of verity. A common legal substitute for those who conscientiously object to making sacred oaths is to giv ...
for a full term as President of the United States. **
Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...
n President
Sukarno Sukarno). (; born Koesno Sosrodihardjo, ; 6 June 1901 – 21 June 1970) was an Indonesian statesman, orator, revolutionary, and nationalist who was the first president of Indonesia, serving from 1945 to 1967. Sukarno was the leader of ...
announces the withdrawal of the Indonesian government from the United Nations. *
January 30 Events Pre-1600 *1018 – Poland and the Holy Roman Empire conclude the Peace of Bautzen. *1287 – King Wareru founds the Hanthawaddy Kingdom, and proclaims independence from the Pagan Kingdom. 1601–1900 *1607 – An estimated ...
– The
state funeral A state funeral is a public funeral ceremony, observing the strict rules of Etiquette, protocol, held to honour people of national significance. State funerals usually include much pomp and ceremony as well as religious overtones and distinctive ...
of Sir
Winston Churchill Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (30 November 187424 January 1965) was a British statesman, soldier, and writer who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom twice, from 1940 to 1945 Winston Churchill in the Second World War, dur ...
takes place in London with the largest assembly of dignitaries in the world until the 2005 funeral of
Pope John Paul II Pope John Paul II ( la, Ioannes Paulus II; it, Giovanni Paolo II; pl, Jan Paweł II; born Karol Józef Wojtyła ; 18 May 19202 April 2005) was the head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 1978 until his ...
. *
February 4 Events Pre–1600 * 211 – Following the death of the Roman Emperor Septimius Severus at Eboracum (modern York, England) while preparing to lead a campaign against the Caledonians, the empire is left in the control of his two quarrellin ...
Trofim Lysenko Trofim Denisovich Lysenko (russian: Трофим Денисович Лысенко, uk, Трохи́м Дени́сович Лисе́нко, ; 20 November 1976) was a Soviet agronomist and Pseudoscience, pseudo-scientist.''An ill-educated agro ...
is removed from his post as director of the Institute of Genetics at the
Academy of Sciences An academy of sciences is a type of learned society or academy (as special scientific institution) dedicated to sciences that may or may not be state funded. Some state funded academies are tuned into national or royal (in case of the Unite ...
in the Soviet Union. Lysenkoist theories are now treated as pseudoscience. *
February 12 Events Pre-1600 *1404 – The Italian professor Galeazzo di Santa Sophie performed the first post-mortem autopsy for the purposes of teaching and demonstration at the Heiligen–Geist Spital in Vienna. *1429 – English forces under ...
** The African and Malagasy Common Organization ('; OCAM) is formed as successor to the Afro-Malagasy Union for Economic Cooperation ('; UAMCE), formerly the
African and Malagasy Union , native_name_lang=fr , image = File:Flag_of_African_and_Malagasy_Union.svg , image_border = , size = , caption = Flag , map = AfricanMalagasyUnionMembers.png , msize = , mcaption = , abbreviation = , m ...
('; UAM). *
February 18 Events Pre-1600 * 1229 – The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, signs a ten-year truce with al-Kamil, regaining Jerusalem, Nazareth, and Bethlehem with neither military engagements nor support from the papacy. * 1268 &ndas ...
The Gambia The Gambia,, ff, Gammbi, ar, غامبيا officially the Republic of The Gambia, is a country in West Africa. It is the smallest country within mainland AfricaHoare, Ben. (2002) ''The Kingfisher A-Z Encyclopedia'', Kingfisher Publicatio ...
becomes independent from the United Kingdom. *
February 20 Events Pre-1600 *1339 – The Milanese army and the St. George's (San Giorgio) Mercenaries of Lodrisio Visconti clash in the Battle of Parabiago; Visconti is defeated. *1472 – Orkney and Shetland are pawned by Norway to Scotland ...
** ''
Ranger 8 Ranger 8 was a lunar probe in the Ranger program, a robotic spacecraft series launched by NASA in the early-to-mid-1960s to obtain the first close-up images of the Moon's surface. These pictures helped select landing sites for Apollo missions an ...
'' crashes into the Moon, after a successful mission of photographing possible landing sites for the Apollo program
astronaut An astronaut (from the Ancient Greek (), meaning 'star', and (), meaning 'sailor') is a person trained, equipped, and deployed by a human spaceflight program to serve as a commander or crew member aboard a spacecraft. Although generally r ...
s. **
Suat Hayri Ürgüplü Ali Suat Hayri Ürgüplü (13 August 1903, Damascus, Ottoman Empire – 26 December 1981, Istanbul, Turkey) was a Turkish politician who served a brief term as Prime Minister of Turkey in 1965. He was also the last Prime Minister to be born ...
forms the new (interim) government of
Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...
(29th government). *
February 21 Events Pre-1600 * 452 or 453 – Severianus, Bishop of Scythopolis, is martyred in Palestine. * 1245 – Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland, is granted resignation after confessing to torture and forgery. * 1440 – The Prus ...
Malcolm X Malcolm X (born Malcolm Little, later Malik el-Shabazz; May 19, 1925 – February 21, 1965) was an American Muslim minister and human rights activist who was a prominent figure during the civil rights movement. A spokesman for the Nation of Is ...
is gunned down while giving a speech at the
Audubon Ballroom The Audubon Theatre and Ballroom, generally referred to as the Audubon Ballroom, was a theatre and ballroom located at 3940 Broadway at West 165th Street in the Washington Heights neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City. It was built in 1912 a ...
in Harlem.


March–April

*
March 2 Events Pre-1600 * 537 – Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoth army under king Vitiges begins the siege of the capital. Belisarius conducts a delaying action outside the Flaminian Gate; he and a detachment of his ''bucellarii'' are almost cut o ...
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
:
Operation Rolling Thunder Operation Rolling Thunder was a gradual and sustained aerial bombardment campaign conducted by the United States (U.S.) 2nd Air Division (later Seventh Air Force), U.S. Navy, and Republic of Vietnam Air Force (RVNAF) against the Democratic Repub ...
– The
United States Air Force The United States Air Force (USAF) is the air service branch of the United States Armed Forces, and is one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. Originally created on 1 August 1907, as a part of the United States Army Signal ...
2nd Air Division The 2nd Air Division (2nd AD) is an inactive United States Air Force organization. Its last assignment was with Military Airlift Command, assigned to Twenty-Third Air Force, being stationed at Hurlburt Field, Florida. It started operations on 7 N ...
,
United States Navy The United States Navy (USN) is the maritime service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. It is the largest and most powerful navy in the world, with the estimated tonnage ...
and South Vietnamese air force begin a 3-year aerial bombardment campaign against
North Vietnam North Vietnam, officially the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV; vi, Việt Nam Dân chủ Cộng hòa), was a socialist state supported by the Soviet Union (USSR) and the People's Republic of China (PRC) in Southeast Asia that existed f ...
. *
March 7 Events Pre-1600 * 161 – Marcus Aurelius and L. Commodus (who changes his name to Lucius Verus) become joint emperors of Rome on the death of Antoninus Pius. * 1138 – Konrad III von Hohenstaufen was elected king of Germany at Cob ...
– "
Bloody Sunday Bloody Sunday may refer to: Historical events Canada * Bloody Sunday (1923), a day of police violence during a steelworkers' strike for union recognition in Sydney, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia * Bloody Sunday (1938), police violence agai ...
": Some 200 Alabama State Troopers attack 525 civil rights demonstrators in
Selma, Alabama Selma is a city in and the county seat of Dallas County, in the Black Belt region of south central Alabama and extending to the west. Located on the banks of the Alabama River, the city has a population of 17,971 as of the 2020 census. About ...
, as they attempt to march to the state capitol of Montgomery. *
March 8 Events Pre-1600 * 1010 – Ferdowsi completes his epic poem ''Shahnameh''. *1126 – Following the death of his mother, queen Urraca of León, Alfonso VII is proclaimed king of León. * 1262 – Battle of Hausbergen between bour ...
– Vietnam War: Some 3,500
United States Marines The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines, is the maritime land force service branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for conducting expeditionary and amphibious operations through com ...
arrive in
Da Nang Nang or DanangSee also Danang Dragons ( ; vi, Đà Nẵng, ) is a class-1 municipality and the fifth-largest city in Vietnam by municipal population. It lies on the coast of the East Sea of Vietnam at the mouth of the Hàn River, and is one ...
,
South Vietnam South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam ( vi, Việt Nam Cộng hòa), was a state in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975, the period when the southern portion of Vietnam was a member of the Western Bloc during part of th ...
, becoming the first American ground combat troops in
Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...
. *
March 9 Events Pre-1600 *141 BC – Liu Che, posthumously known as Emperor Wu of Han, assumes the throne over the Han dynasty of China. *1009 – First known mention of Lithuania, in the annals of the monastery of Quedlinburg. * 1226 – ...
– The " Turnaround Tuesday" march from Selma to
Montgomery, Alabama Montgomery is the capital city of the U.S. state of Alabama and the county seat of Montgomery County. Named for the Irish soldier Richard Montgomery, it stands beside the Alabama River, on the coastal Plain of the Gulf of Mexico. In the 202 ...
, under the leadership of
Martin Luther King Jr. Martin Luther King Jr. (born Michael King Jr.; January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968) was an American Baptist minister and activist, one of the most prominent leaders in the civil rights movement from 1955 until his assassination in 1968 ...
, stops at the site of "Bloody Sunday", to hold a prayer service and return to Selma, in obedience to a court
restraining order A restraining order or protective order, is an order used by a court to protect a person in a situation involving alleged domestic violence, child abuse, assault, harassment, stalking, or sexual assault. Restraining and personal protection or ...
. On the same day,
White supremacist White supremacy or white supremacism is the belief that white people are superior to those of other Race (human classification), races and thus should dominate them. The belief favors the maintenance and defense of any Power (social and polit ...
s attack three white ministers, leaving
Unitarian Universalist Unitarian or Unitarianism may refer to: Christian and Christian-derived theologies A Unitarian is a follower of, or a member of an organisation that follows, any of several theologies referred to as Unitarianism: * Unitarianism (1565–present) ...
minister
James J. Reeb James Joseph Reeb (January 1, 1927 – March 11, 1965) was an American Unitarian Universalist minister, pastor, and activist during the civil rights movement in Washington, D.C. and Boston, Massachusetts. While participating in the Selma to M ...
in a coma. *
March 10 Events Pre-1600 * 241 BC – First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates: The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing the First Punic War to an end. * 298 – Roman Emperor Maximian concludes his campaign in North Africa and makes a t ...
– An engagement is announced between
Princess Margriet of the Netherlands Princess Margriet Francisca of the Netherlands (born 19 January 1943) is the third daughter of Queen Juliana and Prince Bernhard. As an aunt of the reigning monarch, King Willem-Alexander, she is a member of the Dutch Royal House and currently ...
and
Pieter van Vollenhoven Pieter van Vollenhoven Jr. (born April 30, 1939) is the husband of Princess Margriet of the Netherlands and a member, by marriage, of the Dutch Royal House. Early life and career Van Vollenhoven was born in Schiedam, he is the second son of Pi ...
, who will become the first commoner and the first Dutchman to marry into the
Dutch Royal Family The monarchy of the Netherlands is a constitutional monarchy. As such, the role and position of the monarch are governed by the Constitution of the Netherlands. Consequently, a large portion of it is devoted to the monarch. Roughly a third of ...
. *
March 18 Events Pre-1600 * 37 – Roman Senate annuls Tiberius' will and proclaims Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ''(aka Caligula = Little Boots)'' emperor.Tacitus, ''Annals'' V.10. * 1068 – An earthquake in the Levant and the Ara ...
Cosmonaut An astronaut (from the Ancient Greek (), meaning 'star', and (), meaning 'sailor') is a person trained, equipped, and deployed by a human spaceflight program to serve as a commander or crew member aboard a spacecraft. Although generally r ...
Alexei Leonov Alexei Arkhipovich Leonov. (30 May 1934 – 11 October 2019) was a Soviet and Russian cosmonaut, Air Force major general, writer, and artist. On 18 March 1965, he became the first person to conduct a spacewalk, exiting the capsule during th ...
leaves his
Voskhod 2 Voskhod 2 (russian: Восход-2, , ''Sunrise-2'') was a Soviet crewed space mission in March 1965. The Vostok-based Voskhod 3KD spacecraft with two crew members on board, Pavel Belyayev and Alexei Leonov, was equipped with an inflatable air ...
spacecraft for 12 minutes, becoming the first person to walk in space. *
March 20 Events Pre-1600 * 673 – Emperor Emperor Tenmu, Tenmu of Japan assumes the Chrysanthemum Throne at the Asuka, Yamato#Imperial Palaces, Palace of Kiyomihara in Asuka, Yamato, Asuka. *1206 – Michael IV of Constantinople, Michael IV Au ...
** "
Poupée de cire, poupée de son "Poupée de cire, poupée de son" (; English: "Wax doll, rag doll") is a song written by Serge Gainsbourg and recorded by French singer France Gall. It is best known as the Luxembourgian winning entry at the Eurovision Song Contest 1965, hel ...
", sung by
France Gall Isabelle Geneviève Marie Anne Gall (9 October 1947 – 7 January 2018), known professionally as France Gall, was a French ''yé-yé'' singer. In 1965, aged 17, she won the Eurovision Song Contest for Luxembourg. Between 1973 and 1992, s ...
(music and lyrics by
Serge Gainsbourg Serge Gainsbourg (; born Lucien Ginsburg; 2 April 1928 – 2 March 1991) was a French musician, singer-songwriter, actor, author and filmmaker. Regarded as one of the most important figures in French pop, he was renowned for often provoca ...
) wins the
Eurovision Song Contest 1965 The Eurovision Song Contest 1965 was the tenth edition of the annual Eurovision Song Contest. It took place in Naples, Italy, following the country's victory at the with the song "Non ho l'età" by Gigliola Cinquetti. Organised by the European ...
for
Luxembourg Luxembourg ( ; lb, Lëtzebuerg ; french: link=no, Luxembourg; german: link=no, Luxemburg), officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, ; french: link=no, Grand-Duché de Luxembourg ; german: link=no, Großherzogtum Luxemburg is a small lan ...
. ** The
Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 or the Second Kashmir War was a culmination of skirmishes that took place between April 1965 and September 1965 between Pakistan and India. The conflict began following Pakistan's Operation Gibraltar, which was d ...
begins. *
March 23 Events Pre-1600 *1400 – The Trần dynasty of Vietnam is deposed, after one hundred and seventy-five years of rule, by Hồ Quý Ly, a court official. *1540 – Waltham Abbey Church, Waltham Abbey is surrendered to King Henry VIII of ...
**
Events of March 23, 1965 The 1965 Moroccan riots were street riots in the cities of Morocco, originating in Casablanca in March 1965. They began with a student protest, which expanded to include marginalized members of the population. The number of casualties incurred is co ...
: Large student demonstration in Morocco, joined by discontented masses, meets with violent police and military repression. **
Gemini 3 Gemini 3 was the first crewed mission in NASA's Project Gemini and was the first time two American astronauts flew together into space. On March 23, 1965, astronauts Gus Grissom and John Young flew three low Earth orbits in their spacecraft, w ...
:
NASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the civil space program, aeronautics research, and space research. NASA was established in 1958, succeeding t ...
launches the United States' first 2-person crew (
Gus Grissom Virgil Ivan "Gus" Grissom (April 3, 1926 – January 27, 1967) was an American engineer, pilot in the United States Air Force, and member of the Mercury Seven selected by National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) as Project Mercur ...
,
John Young John Young may refer to: Academics * John Young (professor of Greek) (died 1820), Scottish professor of Greek at the University of Glasgow * John C. Young (college president) (1803–1857), American educator, pastor, and president of Centre Coll ...
) into
Earth orbit Earth orbits the Sun at an average distance of 149.60 million km (92.96 million mi) in a counterclockwise direction as viewed from above the Northern Hemisphere. One complete orbit takes  days (1 sidereal year), during which time Earth ...
. **The first issue of ''
The Vigilant ''The Vigilant'' was an English language, English-language newspaper published from Khartoum, Sudan.Galander, Mahmoud M. Mass Media in Sudan: Towards History of Media-Politics Interplay'. Kuala Lumpur: IIUM Press, 2001. p. 60Akol, Lam. Southern Sud ...
'' is published from
Khartoum Khartoum or Khartum ( ; ar, الخرطوم, Al-Khurṭūm, din, Kaartuɔ̈m) is the capital of Sudan. With a population of 5,274,321, its metropolitan area is the largest in Sudan. It is located at the confluence of the White Nile, flowing n ...
. *
March 25 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Italian city Venice is founded with the dedication of the first church, that of San Giacomo di Rialto on the islet of Rialto. * 708 – Pope Constantine becomes the 88th pope. He would be the last pope to vi ...
– Martin Luther King Jr. and 25,000 civil rights activists successfully end the 4-day march from Selma, Alabama, to the capitol in Montgomery. *
March 28 Events Pre-1600 * AD 37 – Roman emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, bestowed on him by the Senate. * 193 – After assassinating the Roman Emperor Pertinax, his Praetorian Guards auction off the throne to Di ...
**At least 400 are killed or missing after an earthquake triggered a series of dam failures in La Ligua, Chile. *
March 30 Events Pre-1600 * 598 – Balkan Campaign: The Avars lift the siege at the Byzantine stronghold of Tomis. Their leader Bayan I retreats north of the Danube River after the Avaro- Slavic hordes are decimated by the plague. * 1282 &ndas ...
– The second
ODECA The Central American Integration System ( es, Sistema de la Integración Centroamericana, or SICA) has been the economic and political organization of Central American states since 1 February 1993. On 13 December 1991, the ODECA countries (Spa ...
charter, signed by Central American states on December 12, 1962, becomes effective. *
April 3 Events Pre-1600 * 686 – Maya king Yuknoom Yich'aak K'ahk' assumes the crown of Calakmul. * 1043 – Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England. * 1077 – The Patriarchate of Friûl, the first Friulian state, is created ...
– The world's first space nuclear power reactor, ''
SNAP-10A SNAP-10A (Systems for Nuclear Auxiliary Power, aka Snapshot for Space Nuclear Auxiliary Power Shot, also known as OPS 4682) was a US experimental nuclear powered satellite launched into space in 1965 as part of the SNAPSHOT program.low Earth orbit A low Earth orbit (LEO) is an orbit around Earth with a period of 128 minutes or less (making at least 11.25 orbits per day) and an eccentricity less than 0.25. Most of the artificial objects in outer space are in LEO, with an altitude never mor ...
. *
April 5 Events Pre-1600 * 823 – Lothair I is crowned King of Italy by Pope Paschal I. * 919 – The second Fatimid invasion of Egypt begins, when the Fatimid heir-apparent, al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah, sets out from Raqqada at the head of his a ...
– At the
37th Academy Awards The 37th Academy Awards honored film achievements of 1964. For the first time, an award was presented in the field of makeup. The Best Picture winner of 1964, director George Cukor's ''My Fair Lady'', was about the transformative training o ...
, ''
My Fair Lady ''My Fair Lady'' is a musical based on George Bernard Shaw's 1913 play ''Pygmalion'', with a book and lyrics by Alan Jay Lerner and music by Frederick Loewe. The story concerns Eliza Doolittle, a Cockney flower girl who takes speech lessons f ...
'' wins 8 Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Director.
Rex Harrison Sir Reginald Carey "Rex" Harrison (5 March 1908 – 2 June 1990) was an English actor. Harrison began his career on the stage in 1924. He made his West End debut in 1936 appearing in the Terence Rattigan play ''French Without Tears'', in what ...
wins an Oscar for
Best Actor Best Actor is the name of an award which is presented by various film, television and theatre organizations, festivals, and people's awards to leading actors in a film, television series, television film or play. The term most often refers to th ...
. ''
Mary Poppins It may refer to: * ''Mary Poppins'' (book series), the original 1934–1988 children's fantasy novels that introduced the character. * Mary Poppins (character), the nanny with magical powers. * ''Mary Poppins'' (film), a 1964 Disney film sta ...
'' takes home 5 Oscars.
Julie Andrews Dame Julie Andrews (born Julia Elizabeth Wells; 1 October 1935) is an English actress, singer, and author. She has garnered numerous accolades throughout her career spanning over seven decades, including an Academy Award, a British Academy Fi ...
wins an
Academy Award for Best Actress The Academy Award for Best Actress is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It is given to an actress who has delivered an outstanding performance in a leading role in a film released that year. ...
for her performance in the title role.
Sherman Brothers The Sherman Brothers were an American songwriting duo that specialized in musical films, made up of Robert B. Sherman (December 19, 1925 – March 6, 2012) and Richard M. Sherman (born June 12, 1928). Together they received various accolades in ...
receives 2 Oscars including Best Song, "
Chim Chim Cher-ee "Chim Chim Cher-ee" is a song from ''Mary Poppins'', the 1964 musical motion picture. It was originally sung by Dick Van Dyke and Julie Andrews, and also is featured in the 2004 ''Mary Poppins'' musical. The song won the 1964 Academy Award for ...
". *
April 6 Events Pre–1600 *46 BC – Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato (Cato the Younger) at the Battle of Thapsus. * 402 – Stilicho defeats the Visigoths under Alaric in the Battle of Pollentia. *132 ...
– The
Intelsat I Intelsat I (nicknamed Early Bird for the proverb "The early bird catches the worm") was the first commercial communications satellite to be placed in geosynchronous orbit, on April 6, 1965. It was built by the Space and Communications Group of H ...
("Early Bird")
communications satellite A communications satellite is an artificial satellite that relays and amplifies radio telecommunication signals via a transponder; it creates a communication channel between a source transmitter and a receiver at different locations on Earth. C ...
is launched. It becomes operational May 2 and is placed in commercial service in June. * April 9 – The West German parliament extends the statute of limitations on Nazism, Nazi war crimes. * April 18 – Consecration of Saint Clement of Ohrid Macedonian Orthodox Cathedral in Toronto, Canada. * April 23 – The Pennine Way officially opens. * April 24 ** The 1965 Yerevan demonstrations start in Yerevan, demanding recognition of the Armenian genocide. ** The bodies of Portuguese opposition politician Humberto Delgado and his secretary Arajaryr Moreira de Campos are found in a forest near Villanueva del Fresno, Spain (they were killed
February 12 Events Pre-1600 *1404 – The Italian professor Galeazzo di Santa Sophie performed the first post-mortem autopsy for the purposes of teaching and demonstration at the Heiligen–Geist Spital in Vienna. *1429 – English forces under ...
). ** In the Dominican Republic, officers and civilians loyal to deposed President Juan Bosch (politician), Juan Bosch mutiny against the right-wing junta running the country, setting up a provisional government. Forces loyal to the deposed military-imposed government stage a countercoup the next day, and civil war breaks out, although the new government retains its hold on power. * April 26 – Rede Globo is founded in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. * April 28 ** American occupation of the Dominican Republic (1965–66), U.S. troops occupy the Dominican Republic. **
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
: Prime Minister of Australia Robert Menzies announces that the country will substantially increase its number of troops in
South Vietnam South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam ( vi, Việt Nam Cộng hòa), was a state in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975, the period when the southern portion of Vietnam was a member of the Western Bloc during part of th ...
, supposedly at the request of the Saigon government (it is later revealed that Menzies had asked the leadership in Saigon to send the request at the behest of the Americans). * April 29 – Australia announces that it is sending an infantry battalion to support the
South Vietnam South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam ( vi, Việt Nam Cộng hòa), was a state in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975, the period when the southern portion of Vietnam was a member of the Western Bloc during part of th ...
government.


May–June

* May 1 ** Robert Askin, Bob Askin replaces Jack Renshaw as Premier of New South Wales. ** The Battle of Dong-Yin occurs as a conflict between Taiwan and the People's Republic of China. * May 9 – Pianist Vladimir Horowitz returns to the stage after a 12-year absence, performing a legendary concert in Carnegie Hall in New York. * May 12 –West Germany and Israel establish diplomatic relations. * May 25 – Muhammad Ali knocks out Sonny Liston in the first round of their championship rematch with the "Muhammad Ali vs. Sonny Liston, Phantom Punch" at the Androscoggin Bank Colisée, Central Maine Civic Center in Lewiston, Maine, Lewiston. * May 27 – Inter Milan, Internazionale beats S.L. Benfica, Benfica 1–0 at the San Siro, Milan and wins the 1964-65 European Cup in Association football. * May 29 – A mining accident in Dhanbad, India kills 274. * May 31 – Scottish Auto racing, racing driver Jim Clark wins the Indianapolis 500, later this year winning the Formula One world driving championship. * June 1 – A Coal mining, coal mine explosion in Fukuoka, Japan, kills 237. * June 2 –
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
: The first contingent of Australian combat troops arrives in
South Vietnam South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam ( vi, Việt Nam Cộng hòa), was a state in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975, the period when the southern portion of Vietnam was a member of the Western Bloc during part of th ...
. * June 7 – 1965 Kakanj mine disaster, Kakanj mine disaster: A mining accident in Kakanj, Bosnia and Herzegovina, results in 128 deaths. * June 10 –
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
– Battle of Dong Xoai: About 1,500 Viet Cong mount a mortar attack on Đồng Xoài, overrunning its military headquarters and the adjoining militia compound. * June 19 ** Houari Boumediene's Revolutionary Council ousts Ahmed Ben Bella, in a bloodless coup in Algeria. ** Air Marshal Nguyen Cao Ky, head of the Vietnam Air Force, South Vietnamese Air Force, was appointed prime minister at the head of the military junta, with General Nguyễn Văn Thiệu becoming a figurehead president, ending two years of short-lived military juntas. * June 20 – Police in Algiers break up demonstrations by people who have taken to the streets chanting slogans in support of deposed President Ahmed Ben Bella. * June 22 – The Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea is signed in Tokyo. * June 25 – A U.S. Air Force Boeing C-135 Stratolifter bound for Okinawa crashes just after takeoff at MCAS El Toro in Orange County, California, killing all 85 on board.


July–August

* July – The Commonwealth of Nations, Commonwealth secretariat is created. * July 14 – U.S. spacecraft ''Mariner 4'' flies by Mars, becoming the first spacecraft to return images from the Red Planet. * July 15 – Greek Prime minister Georgios Papandreou and his government are dismissed by King Constantine II of Greece, Constantine II. * July 16 – The Mont Blanc Tunnel is inaugurated by presidents Giuseppe Saragat and Charles de Gaulle. * July 24 –
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
: Four F-4 Phantom II, F-4C Phantoms escorting a Strategic bombing, bombing raid at Kang Chi are targeted by antiaircraft missiles, in the first such attack against American planes in the war. One is shot down and the other 3 sustain damage. * July 26 – The Maldives receive full independence from Great Britain. * July 27 – Edward Heath becomes Leader of the British Conservative Party (UK), Conservative Party. * July 28 – Vietnam War: U.S. President
Lyndon B. Johnson Lyndon Baines Johnson (; August 27, 1908January 22, 1973), often referred to by his initials LBJ, was an American politician who served as the 36th president of the United States from 1963 to 1969. He had previously served as the 37th vice ...
announces his order to increase the number of United States troops in
South Vietnam South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam ( vi, Việt Nam Cộng hòa), was a state in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975, the period when the southern portion of Vietnam was a member of the Western Bloc during part of th ...
from 75,000 to 125,000, and to more than double the number of men drafted per month - from 17,000 to 35,000. * July 30 – War on Poverty: U.S. President
Lyndon B. Johnson Lyndon Baines Johnson (; August 27, 1908January 22, 1973), often referred to by his initials LBJ, was an American politician who served as the 36th president of the United States from 1963 to 1969. He had previously served as the 37th vice ...
signs the Social Security Act of 1965 into law, establishing Medicare (United States), Medicare and Medicaid. * August 7 – Tunku Abdul Rahman, Prime Minister of Malaysia, recommends the expulsion of Singapore from the Malaysia, Federation of Malaysia following a deterioration of PAP–UMNO relations, negotiating its separation with Lee Kuan Yew, Prime Minister of Singapore. * August 9 ** Singapore is expelled from the Federation of Malaysia, which recognises it as a Sovereignty, sovereign nation. Lee Kuan Yew announces Singapore's independence and assumes the position of Prime Minister of the new island nation – a position he holds until 1990. ** An explosion at an Arkansas missile plant kills 53. **
Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...
n president
Sukarno Sukarno). (; born Koesno Sosrodihardjo, ; 6 June 1901 – 21 June 1970) was an Indonesian statesman, orator, revolutionary, and nationalist who was the first president of Indonesia, serving from 1945 to 1967. Sukarno was the leader of ...
collapses in public. * August 18 –
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
: Operation Starlite – 5,500
United States Marines The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines, is the maritime land force service branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for conducting expeditionary and amphibious operations through com ...
destroy a Viet Cong stronghold on the Van Tuong peninsula in Quảng Ngãi Province, in the first major American ground battle of the war. The Marines were tipped off by a Viet Cong deserter who said that there was an attack planned against the U.S. base at Chu Lai. * August 19 – At the conclusion of the Frankfurt Auschwitz trials, 66 ex-SS personnel receive life sentences, 15 others shorter ones. * August 21 –
NASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the civil space program, aeronautics research, and space research. NASA was established in 1958, succeeding t ...
launches Gemini 5 (Gordon Cooper, Pete Conrad) on the first 1-week space flight, as well as the first test of fuel cells for electrical power on such a mission. * August 30 – An avalanche buries a dam construction site at Saas-Fee, Switzerland, killing 90 workers. * August 31 – U.S. President Johnson signs a law penalizing the burning of draft cards with up to 5 years in prison and a $1,000 fine.


September–October

* September 2 **Pakistani troops enter the Indian sector of Kashmir, while Indian troops try to invade Lahore. ** The People's Republic of China announces that it will reinforce its troops on the Indian border. **
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
: In a follow-up to August's Operation Starlite,
United States Marines The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines, is the maritime land force service branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for conducting expeditionary and amphibious operations through com ...
and
South Vietnam South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam ( vi, Việt Nam Cộng hòa), was a state in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975, the period when the southern portion of Vietnam was a member of the Western Bloc during part of th ...
ese forces initiate Operation Piranha on the Batangan Peninsula, south of the Chu Lai Marine base. * September 8 ** India opens 2 additional fronts against Pakistan. ** The Pakistan Navy destroys Indian Port of Dwarka. Operation Dwarka (Pakistan celebrates Victory Day (Pakistan), Victory Day annually). * September 9 ** United Nations Secretary-General, U.N. Secretary General U Thant negotiates with Pakistan President Ayub Khan (President of Pakistan), Ayub Khan. ** U Thant recommends China for United Nations membership. * September 14 – The fourth and final period of the Second Vatican Council opens. * September 16 – In Iraq, Prime Minister Arif Abd ar-Razzaq's attempted coup fails. * September 17 – King Constantine II of Greece forms a new government with Prime Minister Stephanos Stephanopoulos, in an attempt to end a 2-year-old political crisis. * September 18 ** In Denmark, Palle Sørensen shoots 4 policemen in pursuit; he is apprehended the same day. ** Comet Ikeya–Seki is first sighted by Japanese astronomers. ** Premier of the Soviet Union, Soviet Premier Alexei Kosygin invites the leaders of India and Pakistan to meet in the Soviet Union to negotiate. * September 19 ** Pakistani Forces achieve a decisive victory at the Battle of Chawinda, ultimately halting the Indian advance and successfully stabilizing the Sialkot Front. * September 20 –
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
: An United States Air Force, USAF F-104 Starfighter piloted by Captain Philip Eldon Smith is shot down by a Chinese Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-19, MiG-19 Farmer. The pilot is held until March 15 1973. * September 21 – Gambia, Maldives and Singapore are admitted as Members of the United Nations, members of the United Nations. * September 22 – Radio Peking announces that Indian troops have dismantled their equipment on the Chinese side of the border. * September 24 ** Fighting resumes between Indian and Pakistani troops. ** The British governor of Aden cancels the constitution and takes direct control of the protectorate, due to the bad security situation. * September 27 – The largest tanker ship at this time, ''Tokyo Maru'', is launched in Yokohama, Japan. * September 28 ** Fidel Castro announces that anyone who wants to can emigrate to the United States. ** Taal Volcano in Luzon, Philippines, erupts, killing hundreds. * September 30 ** The
Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...
n army, led by General Suharto, crushes an alleged communist coup attempt (see Transition to the New Order and 30 September Movement). ** The classic family sci-fi show ''Thunderbirds (TV series), Thunderbirds'' debuts on ITV (TV network), ITV in the United Kingdom. * October 3 – Fidel Castro announces that Che Guevara has resigned and left Cuba. * October 4 ** At least 150 are killed when a commuter train derails at the outskirts of Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. ** Prime minister Ian Smith of Rhodesia and Arthur Bottomley of the Commonwealth of Nations begin negotiations in London. ** Pope Paul VI visits the United States. He appears for a Mass in Yankee Stadium (1923), Yankee Stadium and makes a speech at the United Nations. ** The University of California, Irvine opens its doors. * October 5 – Pakistan severs diplomatic relations with Malaysia because of their disagreement in the UN. * October 6 – Ian Brady, a 27-year-old stock clerk from Hyde, Greater Manchester, Hyde in Cheshire, is arrested for allegedly hacking to death (with a hatchet) 17-year-old apprentice electrician Edward Evans at a house on the Hattersley housing estate. * October 7 – Seven Japanese fishing boats are sunk off Guam by super typhoon Carmen; 209 are killed. * October 8 ** Indonesian mass killings of 1965–1966: The Indonesian army instigates the arrest and execution of communists which last until next March. ** The 7 Fundamental Principles of the Red Cross and Red Crescent are adopted at the XX International Conference in Vienna, Austria. ** The International Olympic Committee admits East Germany as a member. * October 10 – The first group of Cuban refugees travels to the U.S. * October 12 ** Per Borten forms a government in Norway. ** The U.N. General Council recommends that the United Kingdom try everything to stop a rebellion in Rhodesia. * October 13 – Congo President Joseph Kasavubu fires Prime Minister Moise Tshombe and forms a provisional government, with Évariste Kimba in a leading position. * October 15 –
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
: The Catholic Worker Movement stages an anti-war protest in Manhattan. One draft card burner is arrested, the first under the new law. * October 17 – The 1964 New York World's Fair, New York World's Fair at Flushing Meadows, closes. Due to financial losses, some of the projected site park improvements fail to materialize. * October 18 – The Indonesian government outlaws the Communist Party of Indonesia. * October 20 – Ludwig Erhard is re-elected Chancellor of West Germany (he had first been elected in 1963). * October 21 ** Comet Ikeya–Seki approaches perihelion, passing from the sun. ** The Organization of African Unity meets in Accra, Ghana. * October 22 ** African countries demand that the United Kingdom use force to prevent Rhodesia from declaring unilateral independence. ** Colonel Christophe Soglo stages a second coup in Dahomey. * October 25 – The Soviet Union declares its support of African countries in case Rhodesia unilaterally declares independence. * October 27 ** Brazilian president Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco removes power from parliament, legal courts and opposition parties. ** Süleyman Demirel of Justice Party (Turkey), AP forms the new government of
Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...
(30th government). * October 28 – Pope Paul VI promulgates ''Nostra aetate'', a "Declaration on the Relation of the (Roman Catholic) Church with Non-Christian Religions" by the Second Vatican Council which includes a statement that Jews are not collectively responsible for the death of Jesus (Jewish deicide). * October 29 – An 80-kiloton nuclear device is detonated at Amchitka Island, Alaska, as part of the Vela Uniform program, code-named Project Long Shot. * October 30 –
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
: Near
Da Nang Nang or DanangSee also Danang Dragons ( ; vi, Đà Nẵng, ) is a class-1 municipality and the fifth-largest city in Vietnam by municipal population. It lies on the coast of the East Sea of Vietnam at the mouth of the Hàn River, and is one ...
,
United States Marines The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines, is the maritime land force service branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for conducting expeditionary and amphibious operations through com ...
repel an intense attack by Viet Cong forces, killing 56 guerrillas. A sketch of Marine positions is found on the dead body of a 13-year-old
Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...
ese boy who sold drinks to the Marines the day before.


November–December

* November 1 – A trolleybus plunges into the Nile at Cairo, Egypt, killing 74 passengers. * November 3 – President of France, French President Charles de Gaulle announces (just short of his 75th birthday) that he will stand for re-election. * November 5 – Martial law is announced in Rhodesia. The United Nations General Assembly accepts British intent to use force against Rhodesia if necessary by a vote of 82–9. * November 6 – Freedom Flights begin: Cuba and the United States formally agree to start an airlift for Cubans who want to go to the United States (by 1971, 250,000 Cubans take advantage of this program). * November 8 **
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
– Operation Hump: The United States Army 173rd Airborne is ambushed by over 1,200 Viet Cong. * November 11 ** In Rhodesia (modern-day Zimbabwe), the white-minority government of Ian Smith Rhodesia's Unilateral Declaration of Independence, unilaterally declares ''de facto'' independence ('UDI'). ** United Airlines Flight 227 crashes short of the runway and catches fire at Salt Lake City International Airport, killing 43 out of 91 passengers and crew. * November 12 – A United Nations Security Council resolution, UN Security Council resolution (voted 10–0) recommends that other countries not recognize independent Rhodesia. * November 13 ** The burns and sinks off Nassau, Bahamas, with the loss of 90 lives. ** British theatre critic Kenneth Tynan says "fuck" during a discussion on BBC satirical programme ''BBC-3 (TV series), BBC-3'' for what many believed was the first time on British television. The corporation later issues a public apology. * November 14 – Vietnam War – Battle of Ia Drang: In the Ia Drang Valley of the Central Highlands (Vietnam), Central Highlands in
Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...
, the first major engagement of the war between regular United States and
North Vietnam North Vietnam, officially the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV; vi, Việt Nam Dân chủ Cộng hòa), was a socialist state supported by the Soviet Union (USSR) and the People's Republic of China (PRC) in Southeast Asia that existed f ...
ese forces begins. * November 15 – U.S. racer Craig Breedlove sets a new land speed record of . * November 16 – Venera, Venera program: The Soviet Union launches the ''Venera 3'' space probe from Baikonur, Kazakhstan toward Venus (on March 1, 1966, it becomes the first spacecraft to reach the surface of another planet). * November 20 – The United Nations Security Council recommends that all states stop trading with Rhodesia. * November 22 – The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) is established as a specialized agency of the United Nations. * November 23 – Soviet general Mikhail Kazakov assumes command of the Warsaw Pact. * November 24 – Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congolese lieutenant general Mobutu Sese Seko, Mobutu ousts Joseph Kasavubu and declares himself president. * November 26 – At the Hammaguir launch facility in the Sahara Desert, France launches a Diamant A rocket with its first satellite, ''Astérix (satellite), Astérix-1'' on board, becoming the third country to enter outer space. * November 27 ** Tens of thousands of Vietnam War protesters picket the White House, then march on the Washington Monument. **
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
: The Pentagon tells U.S. President
Lyndon B. Johnson Lyndon Baines Johnson (; August 27, 1908January 22, 1973), often referred to by his initials LBJ, was an American politician who served as the 36th president of the United States from 1963 to 1969. He had previously served as the 37th vice ...
that if planned major sweep operations to neutralize Viet Cong forces during the next year are to succeed, the number of American troops in
Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...
will have to be increased from 120,000 to 400,000. * November 28 – Vietnam War: In response to U.S. President
Lyndon B. Johnson Lyndon Baines Johnson (; August 27, 1908January 22, 1973), often referred to by his initials LBJ, was an American politician who served as the 36th president of the United States from 1963 to 1969. He had previously served as the 37th vice ...
's call for "more flags" in
Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...
, Philippines President-elect Ferdinand Marcos announces he will send troops to help fight in
South Vietnam South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam ( vi, Việt Nam Cộng hòa), was a state in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975, the period when the southern portion of Vietnam was a member of the Western Bloc during part of th ...
. * November 29 – The Canadian satellite ''Alouette 2'' is launched. * December 5 ** Charles de Gaulle is re-elected as French president with 10,828,421 votes. ** The "Glasnost Meeting" in Moscow becomes the first spontaneous political demonstration, and the first demonstration for civil rights in the Soviet Union. * December 8 ** Rhodesian prime minister Ian Smith warns that Rhodesia will resist a trade embargo by neighboring countries with force. ** The Race Relations Act 1965, Race Relations Act becomes the first legislation to address racial discrimination in the UK. ** The Second Vatican Council closes. * December 15 ** The Caribbean Free Trade Association (CARIFTA) is formed. ** ''Gemini 6'' and ''Gemini 7'' perform the first controlled rendezvous in Earth orbit. * December 20 – The World Food Programme is made a permanent agency of the United Nations. * December 21 ** The Soviet Union announces that it has shipped rockets to
North Vietnam North Vietnam, officially the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV; vi, Việt Nam Dân chủ Cộng hòa), was a socialist state supported by the Soviet Union (USSR) and the People's Republic of China (PRC) in Southeast Asia that existed f ...
. ** In West Germany, Konrad Adenauer resigns as chairman of the Christian Democratic Party. ** The United Nations adopts the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination. ** A new 1-hour German-American production of the ballet ''The Nutcracker'', with an international cast that includes Edward Villella in the title role, makes its U.S. television debut. It is repeated annually by CBS over the next 3 years but after that is virtually forgotten until issued on DVD in 2009 by Warner Archive. * December 22 ** A military coup is launched in Dahomey. ** A speed limit is imposed on British roads. ** David Lean's film of ''Doctor Zhivago (film), Doctor Zhivago'', starring Omar Sharif and Julie Christie, is released. * December 25 – The Yemeni Nasserist Unionist People's Organisation is founded in Ta'izz. * December 30 ** President Kenneth Kaunda of Zambia announces that Zambia and the United Kingdom have agreed on a deadline before which the Rhodesian white government should be ousted. ** Ferdinand Marcos becomes President of the Philippines. * December 31 – Bokassa takes power in the Central African Republic.


Date unknown

* Tokyo officially becomes the largest city of the world, taking the lead from New York City. * Aborigines are given the vote in Queensland, Australia.


World population


Births


January

* January 4 ** Julia Ormond, British actress ** Yvan Attal, Israeli-born French actor and director * January 5 ** Vinnie Jones, British footballer-turned-actor ** Patrik Sjöberg, Swedish high jumper * January 9 ** Haddaway, German singer ** Farah Khan, Indian choreographer, film director ** Joely Richardson, British actress * January 10 – Butch Hartman, American animator and voice actor * January 12 ** Nikolai Borschevsky, Russian ice hockey player ** Maybrit Illner, German television journalist and presenter ** Rob Zombie, American musician * January 13 – Bill Bailey, British comedian, musician and actor *
January 14 Events Pre-1600 *1236 – King Henry III of England marries Eleanor of Provence. *1301 – Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Árpád dynasty in Hungary. 1601–1900 *1639 – The "Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, Fundamenta ...
** Shamil Basayev, Chechen terrorist (d. 2006) ** Marc Delissen, Dutch field hockey player ** Bob Essensa, Canadian ice hockey player * January 15 ** Adam Jones (musician), Adam Jones, American musician, guitarist of metal band Tool (band), Tool ** James Nesbitt, Northern Irish actor *
January 20 Events Pre-1600 * 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution. * 649 – King Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, crowns his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom. * 1156 &ndas ...
– Sophie, Countess of Wessex, wife of Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex * January 21 – Jam Master Jay, American DJ, rapper and producer (d. 2002) * January 22 ** DJ Jazzy Jeff, American disc jockey ** Diane Lane, American actress * January 23 – Catherine Guillouard, French businesswoman * January 24 – Porfirio Fisac, Spanish basketball coach * January 25 – Esa Tikkanen, Finnish ice hockey player * January 26 – Natalia Yurchenko, Soviet artistic gymnast * January 27 ** Alan Cumming, Scottish actor ** Ignacio Noé, Argentine artist * January 29 ** Dominik Hašek, Czech hockey player ** Jo Min-su, South Korean actress


February

* February 1 ** Dave Callaghan, South African cricketer ** Brandon Lee, Chinese-American actor (d. 1993) ** Sherilyn Fenn, American actress ** Princess Stéphanie of Monaco * February 3 ** Mattanya Cohen, Israeli diplomat ** Maura Tierney, American actress * February 5 – Gheorghe Hagi, Romanian footballer, manager and club owner * February 6 ** Idania Martínez Grandales, Cuban broadcaster, journalist and professor ** Jan Svěrák, Czech actor, director, and screenwriter * February 7 – Chris Rock, African-American actor, comedian, and film director * February 8 – Dicky Cheung, Hong Kong actor * February 9 – Keith Wickham, British actor * February 11 – Roberto Moya, Cuban athlete (d. 2020) *
February 12 Events Pre-1600 *1404 – The Italian professor Galeazzo di Santa Sophie performed the first post-mortem autopsy for the purposes of teaching and demonstration at the Heiligen–Geist Spital in Vienna. *1429 – English forces under ...
– Brett Kavanaugh, American attorney and Supreme Court Justice * February 15 – Héctor Beltrán Leyva, Mexican drug lord (d. 2018) * February 16 – Adama Barrow, Gambian politician, 3rd President of Gambia * February 17 – Michael Bay, American film director *
February 18 Events Pre-1600 * 1229 – The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, signs a ten-year truce with al-Kamil, regaining Jerusalem, Nazareth, and Bethlehem with neither military engagements nor support from the papacy. * 1268 &ndas ...
– Dr. Dre, African-American rapper and music producer * February 23 ** Kristin Davis, American actress ** Michael Dell, American computer manufacturer ** Vincent Chalvon-Demersay, French producer * February 25 – Sylvie Guillem, French ballerina * February 27 – Claudia Zobel, Filipina actress (d. 1984) * February 28 – Park Gok-ji, South Korean film editor


March

* March 1 ** Mike Dean (record producer), Mike Dean, Record producer ** Stewart Elliott, Canadian jockey ** Jack Tu, Taiwanese-Canadian cardiologist (d. 2018) * March 3 ** Tedros Adhanom, Director of the World Health Organization ** Dragan Stojković, Serbian footballer and coach * March 4 ** Greg Alexander, Australian rugby league player ** Paul W. S. Anderson, British filmmaker, producer and screenwriter *
March 8 Events Pre-1600 * 1010 – Ferdowsi completes his epic poem ''Shahnameh''. *1126 – Following the death of his mother, queen Urraca of León, Alfonso VII is proclaimed king of León. * 1262 – Battle of Hausbergen between bour ...
** Mac Jack, South African educator and politician (d. 2020) ** Caio Júnior, Brazilian football forward and manager (d. 2016) *
March 9 Events Pre-1600 *141 BC – Liu Che, posthumously known as Emperor Wu of Han, assumes the throne over the Han dynasty of China. *1009 – First known mention of Lithuania, in the annals of the monastery of Quedlinburg. * 1226 – ...
**Antonio Saca, 43rd President of El Salvador **Mike Pollock (voice actor), Mike Pollock, American voice actor * March 11 ** Catherine Fulop, Venezuelan actress, model, beauty pageant contestant, and television presenter ** Jesse Jackson Jr., African-American politician ** Laurence Llewelyn-Bowen, British designer and television presenter * March 14 – Aamir Khan, Indian film director, producer, film and scriptwriter and actor * March 16 ** Utut Adianto, Indonesian chess grandmaster (chess), grandmaster and politician ** Mark Carney, Canadian-born economist and central banker *
March 23 Events Pre-1600 *1400 – The Trần dynasty of Vietnam is deposed, after one hundred and seventy-five years of rule, by Hồ Quý Ly, a court official. *1540 – Waltham Abbey Church, Waltham Abbey is surrendered to King Henry VIII of ...
– Marti Pellow, Scottish singer (Wet Wet Wet) * March 24 – The Undertaker, American professional wrestler *
March 25 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Italian city Venice is founded with the dedication of the first church, that of San Giacomo di Rialto on the islet of Rialto. * 708 – Pope Constantine becomes the 88th pope. He would be the last pope to vi ...
** Stefka Kostadinova, Bulgarian high jumper and president of the Bulgarian Olympic Committee ** Sarah Jessica Parker, American actress * March 26 – Prakash Raj, Indian actor, producer and director * March 29 – Voula Patoulidou, Greek athlete *
March 30 Events Pre-1600 * 598 – Balkan Campaign: The Avars lift the siege at the Byzantine stronghold of Tomis. Their leader Bayan I retreats north of the Danube River after the Avaro- Slavic hordes are decimated by the plague. * 1282 &ndas ...
– Piers Morgan, British journalist and television personality * March 31 – Steve Bing, American businessman, philanthropist, and film producer (d. 2020)


April

* April 1 ** Brian Marshall (athlete), Brian Marshall, Canadian retired track and field athlete ** Bekir Bozdağ, Turkish theologian, lawyer, and politician *
April 3 Events Pre-1600 * 686 – Maya king Yuknoom Yich'aak K'ahk' assumes the crown of Calakmul. * 1043 – Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England. * 1077 – The Patriarchate of Friûl, the first Friulian state, is created ...
– Nazia Hassan, Pakistani pop singer-songwriter, lawyer and social activist (d. 2000) * April 4 – Robert Downey Jr., American actor, producer, and singer *
April 6 Events Pre–1600 *46 BC – Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato (Cato the Younger) at the Battle of Thapsus. * 402 – Stilicho defeats the Visigoths under Alaric in the Battle of Pollentia. *132 ...
** Black Francis, American musician ** Rica Reinisch, German swimmer * April 9 – Paulina Porizkova, Swedish-American model and actress * April 10 – Jure Robič, Slovenian cyclist (d. 2010) * April 11 – Eelco van Asperen, Dutch computer scientist * April 12 – Kim Bodnia, Danish actor and director * April 15 – Linda Perry, American musician * April 16 – Martin Lawrence, African-American actor, comedian, and producer * April 18 – Camille Coduri, English actress * April 19 – Suge Knight, African-American record producer * April 20 – Jovy Marcelo, Filipino race car driver (d. 1992) * April 21 ** Tatul Krpeyan, Armenian commander (d. 1991) ** Julio Robaina, Republican politician, Mayor of Hialeah, Florida * April 23 – Leni Robredo, 14th Vice President of the Philippines * April 24 – Michel Leclerc, French director and screenwriter * April 25 – Édouard Ferrand, French politician (d. 2018) * April 26 – Kevin James, American comedian and actor * April 27 – Edwin Poots, Irish politician * April 29 – David Shafer (politician), David Shafer, American politician, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia * April 30 – Adrian Pasdar, Iranian-American actor and voice artist


May

* May 3 ** Gary Mitchell, Irish playwright ** Rob Brydon, Welsh actor, comedian, impressionist and presenter * May 7 ** Owen Hart, Canadian professional wrestler (d. 1999) ** Norman Whiteside, Northern Irish football player * May 9 – Steve Yzerman, Canadian hockey player * May 10 – Linda Evangelista, Canadian supermodel * May 11 – Monsour del Rosario, Filipino Olympic athlete and actor * May 12 – Renée Simonsen, Danish model and writer * May 13 – José Antonio Delgado, Venezuelan mountain climber (d. 2006) * May 14 – Eoin Colfer, Irish novelist * May 16 – Rodica Dunca, Romanian artistic gymnast ** Krist Novoselic, American musician and activist (Nirvana (band), Nirvana) * May 17 – Trent Reznor, American rock musician (Nine Inch Nails) * May 19 – Philippe Dhondt, French singer * May 23 ** Manuel Sanchís Hontiyuelo, Spanish footballer ** Melissa McBride, American actress (''The Walking Dead (TV series), The Walking Dead'') * May 24 ** Carlos Franco, Paraguayan golfer ** John C. Reilly, American actor and comedian ** Shinichirō Watanabe, Japanese anime director * May 25 – Yahya Jammeh, President of the Gambia * May 28 – Robbi Chong, Canadian actress * May 30 – Guadalupe Grande, Spanish poet (d. 2021) * May 31 – Brooke Shields, American actress and model


June

* June 1 ** Larisa Lazutina, Russian cross-country skier ** Nigel Short, English chess player * June 2 – Steve Waugh, Steve and Mark Waugh, Australian cricketers * June 4 – Mick Doohan, Australian motorcycle racer * June 6 ** Cam Neely, Canadian ice hockey player ** Megumi Ogata, Japanese voice actress and singer * June 7 ** Mick Foley, American professional wrestler ** Damien Hirst, British artist ** Christine Roque, French singer * June 8 ** Frank Grillo, American actor ** Rob Pilatus, German model, dancer and singer (d. 1998) * June 10 ** Veronica Ferres, German actress ** Elizabeth Hurley, English model and actress * June 11 – Manuel Uribe, morbidly obese Mexican (d. 2014) * June 12 – Carlos Luis Morales, Ecuadorian journalist (d. 2020) * June 13 – Infanta Cristina of Spain * June 15 – Bernard Hopkins, American boxer * June 16 – Andrea M. Ghez, American astronomer, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics * June 17 ** Dana Eskelson, American actress ** Dan Jansen, American speedskater ** Dara O'Kearney, Irish ultra runner and professional poker player * June 18 ** Kim Dickens, American actress ** Hani Mohsin, Malaysian celebrity, actor and host (d. 2006) * June 21 ** Yang Liwei, Chinese major general, military pilot and China National Space Administration astronaut ** Gabriella Selmeczi, Hungarian jurist and politician ** Tim Lajcik, Czech American mixed martial artist, stuntman, actor and writer * June 22 – Anubhav Sinha, Indian film director * June 23 – Paul Arthurs, English Musician (Oasis (band), Oasis) * June 24 – Son Hyun-joo, South Korean actor * June 25 – Joseph Hii Teck Kwong, Malaysian bishop * June 26 – Jana Hybášková, Czech politician and diplomat * June 27 ** Frédéric Lemoine, French businessman ** S. Manikavasagam, Malaysian politician * June 28 – Belayneh Dinsamo, Ethiopian long-distance runner * June 29 ** Véronique Laury, French businesswoman ** Dado Villa-Lobos, Brazilian musician ** Matthew Weiner, American television writer, director and producer * June 30 ** Philippe Duquesne, French actor ** Cho Jae-hyun, South Korean actor ** Mitch Richmond, American basketball player


July

* July 1 ** Teddy McCarthy, hurler and Gaelic footballer ** Carl Fogarty, English motorcycle racer ** Mohammed Abdul Hussein, Iraqi former footballer * July 2 – Fredrik Sejersted, Norwegian jurist * July 3 ** Komsan Pohkong, Thai lawyer ** Shinya Hashimoto, Japanese professional wrestler (d. 2005) ** Connie Nielsen, Danish actress ** Tommy Flanagan (actor), Tommy Flanagan, Scottish actor * July 4 – Tracy Letts, American actor, playwright and screenwriter * July 5 ** Kathryn Erbe, American actress ** Eyran Katsenelenbogen, Israeli jazz pianist * July 7 ** Paula Devicq, Canadian actress ** Jeremy Kyle, English radio and television presenter * July 10 ** Danny Boffin, Belgian footballer ** Princess Alexia of Greece and Denmark * July 11 – Ernesto Hoost, Dutch kickboxer * July 12 – Mama Kandeh, Gambian politician * July 13 – Akina Nakamori, Japanese singer and actress * July 14 – Lou Savarese, American boxer * July 15 – Dafna Rechter, Israeli actress and singer * July 17 ** Santiago Segura, Spanish actor, screenwriter, producer and director ** Rosa Gumataotao Rios, 43rd Treasurer of the United States ** Alex Winter, British actor * July 18 – Eva Ionesco, French actress, film director and screenwriter * July 19 ** Dame Evelyn Glennie, Scottish virtuoso percussionist ** Hailemariam Desalegn, 15th Prime Minister of Ethiopia * July 21 – Guðni Bergsson, Icelandic footballer * July 22 – Shawn Michaels, American professional wrestler * July 23 ** Grace Mugabe, First Lady of Zimbabwe ** Slash (musician), Slash (Saul Hudson), American rock musician * July 25 – Illeana Douglas, American actress and producer * July 26 ** Vladimir Cruz, Cuban actor ** Jeremy Piven, American actor ** Jimmy Dore, American comedian and political commentator * July 27 ** José Luis Chilavert, Paraguayan footballer ** Trifon Ivanov, Bulgarian footballer (d. 2016) * July 28 – Daniela Mercury, Brazilian singer, songwriter, dancer, producer, actress and television host * July 29 – Chang-Rae Lee, Korean-American novelist * July 31 – J. K. Rowling, English author


August

* August 1 – Sam Mendes, English film director * August 2 ** Sandra Ng, Hong Kong actress ** Hisanobu Watanabe, Japanese baseball player and coach * August 4 ** Terri Lyne Carrington, American jazz drummer ** Dennis Lehane, American crime writer ** Fredrik Reinfeldt, Swedish Prime Minister * August 5 – Monica Ward, Italian actress and voice actress * August 6 – David Robinson, American basketball player * August 10 ** Claudia Christian, American actress, writer, singer, musician, and director ** Mike E. Smith, American jockey ** John Starks (basketball), John Starks, American basketball player * August 11 – Viola Davis, African-American actress * August 15 – Vincent Kok, Vincent Kuk, Hong Kong director and actor * August 16 – Michael O'Gorman (rowing), Michael O'Gorman, American coxswain (d. 2018) * August 19 ** Kevin Dillon, American actor ** Kyra Sedgwick, American actress ** James Tomkins (rower), James Tomkins, Australian rower * August 22 – David Reimer, Canadian man, born male but reassigned female and raised as a girl after a botched circumcision (d. 2004) * August 24 – Reggie Miller, American basketball player and commentator * August 25 – Mia Zapata, American singer (d. 1993) * August 26 – Azela Robinson, Mexican actress * August 28 ** Satoshi Tajiri, Japanese video game designer and ''Pokémon'' creator ** Amanda Tapping, Canadian actress ** Shania Twain, Canadian country singer and songwriter * August 31 – Daniel Bernhardt, Swiss actor and martial artist


September

* September 1 – Craig McLachlan, Australian actor and singer * September 2 – Lennox Lewis, British boxer * September 3 ** Costas Mandylor, Greek-Australian actor ** Charlie Sheen, American actor and producer * September 5 – Derby Makinka, Zambian footballer (d. 1993) * September 6 – Gleisi Hoffmann, Brazilian lawyer and politician * September 7 – Jörg Pilawa, German television presenter * September 8 ** Tutilo Burger, German Benedictine monk and abbot ** Darlene Zschech, Australian singer and worship leader * September 9 – Constance Marie, American actress * September 10 – Marco Pastors, Dutch politician * September 11 ** Bashar al-Assad, President of Syria ** Moby, American musician * September 12 – Einstein Kristiansen, Norwegian cartoonist, designer, and television host * September 14 – Dmitry Medvedev, former President of Russia * September 15 – Fernanda Torres, Brazilian actress * September 16 – Katy Kurtzman, American actress, director and producer * September 17 ** Kyle Chandler, American actor ** Yuji Naka, Japanese video game programmer * September 19 ** Goldie, English record producer and DJ ** Tim Scott, African-American politician and businessman ** Tshering Tobgay, former List of prime ministers of Bhutan, Prime Minister of Bhutan * September 20 – Robert Rusler, American actor * September 21 ** Cheryl Hines, American actress ** Johanna Vuoksenmaa, Finnish film director ** David Wenham, Australian actor ** Pramila Jayapal, American politician * September 23 – Mark Woodforde, Australian tennis player * September 25 – Scottie Pippen, American basketball player * September 26 ** Radisav Ćurčić, Serbian-Israeli basketball player ** Alexei Mordashov, Russian businessman ** Petro Poroshenko, former President of Ukraine * September 27 – Steve Kerr, American basketball player


October

* October 1 – Andreas Keller, German field hockey player * October 2 – Gerardo Reyero, Mexican voice actor * October 3 ** Adriana Calcanhotto, Brazilian singer and composer ** Jan-Ove Waldner, Swedish table tennis player * October 5 ** Mario Lemieux, Canadian ice hockey player ** Patrick Roy, Canadian ice hockey player * October 6 – Steve Scalise, Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives, House Majority Whip and United States House of Representatives, U.S. Representative of Louisiana's 1st district * October 8 ** Matt Biondi, American swimmer ** C. J. Ramone, American musician * October 9 – Dionicio Cerón, Mexican long-distance runner * October 10 – Chris Penn, American actor (d. 2006) * October 11 ** Julianne McNamara, American artistic gymnast ** Lennie James, English actor, screenwriter, and playwright * October 13 – Kalpana (Malayalam actress), Kalpana, Indian film actress (d. 2016) * October 14 ** Steve Coogan, British comedian and actor ** Constantine Koukias, Australian composer * October 16 – Kang Kyung-ok, South Korean artist * October 17 ** Aravinda de Silva, Sri Lankan cricketer ** Rhys Muldoon, Australian actor, writer, and director * October 18 – Zakir Naik, Indian doctor and Islamic activist * October 19 ** The Renegade (wrestler), The Renegade, American professional wrestler (d. 1999) ** Ty Pennington, American television presenter ** Tracy Griffith, American actress, sushi chef, and painter * October 20 ** Amos Mansdorf, Israeli tennis player * October 26 ** Aaron Kwok, Hong Kong singer and actor ** Kelly Rowan, Canadian actress ** Ken Rutherford (cricketer), Kenneth Rutherford, New Zealand cricketer * October 29 – Christy Clark, Canadian politician * October 30 – Zaza Urushadze, Georgian film director, producer and screenwriter (d. 2019) * October 31 – Rob Rackstraw, British actor


November

* November 1 – Mia Korf, American actress * November 2 ** Paweł Adamowicz, Polish politician and lawyer (d. 2019) ** Shah Rukh Khan, Indian actor, film/television producer and television presenter * November 4 – Wayne Static, American singer and musician (Static-X) (d. 2014) * November 7 – Sigrun Wodars, German athlete * November 8 – Patricia Poleo, Venezuelan journalist * November 9 – Sir Bryn Terfel, Welsh baritone * November 10 – Eddie Irvine, Northern Irish racing driver * November 11 – Max Mutchnick, American television producer * November 12 – Ricard Zapata Barrero, Ricard Zapata-Barrero, Spanish scholar of migration studies * November 13 – Rick Roberts (actor), Rick Roberts, Canadian actor * November 19 ** Paulo S. L. M. Barreto, Paulo Barreto, Brazilian cryptographer ** Laurent Blanc, French football player and manager * November 20 – Yoshiki (musician), Yoshiki Hayashi, Japanese rock composer, pianist and drummer * November 21 ** Björk, Icelandic singer-songwriter and musician ** Reggie Lewis, American basketball player (d. 1993) ** Alexander Siddig, Sudanese-British actor * November 22 – Mads Mikkelsen, Danish actor * November 23 – Radion Gataullin, Uzbek-Russian pole-vaulter * November 24 – Shirley Henderson, Scottish actress * November 25 – Ana Paula Padrão, Brazilian journalist, chief editor, entrepreneur, writer and television presenter * November 26 – Scott Adsit, American actor * November 29 ** Yutaka Ozaki, Japanese musician (d. 1992) ** Lauren Child, American author * November 30 ** Ben Stiller, American actor, comedian and filmmaker ** Tashi Tenzing, Indian mountaineer


December

* December 3 ** Steve Harris (actor), Steve Harris, American actor ** Katarina Witt, German figure skater ** Andrew Stanton, American animator, storyboard artist, film director, and screenwriter * December 5 – Johnny Rzeznik, American rock singer and guitarist * December 7 ** Teruyuki Kagawa, Japanese actor ** Jeffrey Wright, African-American actor * December 8 – David Harewood, English actor * December 9 – Brad Savage, American actor * December 10 – Stephanie Morgenstern, Canadian actress * December 15 – Luis Fabián Artime, Argentine footballer * December 16 – J. B. Smoove, African-American actor and comedian * December 18 – John Moshoeu, South African footballer (d. 2015) * December 19 – Jessica Steen, Canadian actress * December 21 ** Andy Dick, American actor and comedian ** Anke Engelke, German comedian, actress and voice-over actress * December 23 – Andreas Kappes, German cyclist (d. 2018) * December 27 – Salman Khan, Indian actor, television presenter * December 30 – Valentina Legkostupova, Soviet and Russian pop singer, teacher and producer (d. 2020) * December 31 ** Nicholas Sparks, American author ** Gong Li, Chinese actress


Date unknown

*Yklymberdi Paromov, Turkmenistan, Turkmen politician


Deaths


January

* January 4 – T. S. Eliot, American-British poet, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1888) * January 10 ** Antonín Bečvář, Czechoslovak astronomer (b. 1901) ** Frederick Fleet, British sailor and lookout aboard the RMS Titanic, RMS ''Titanic'' (b. 1887) * January 12 – Lorraine Hansberry, African-American playwright and writer (b. 1930) *
January 14 Events Pre-1600 *1236 – King Henry III of England marries Eleanor of Provence. *1301 – Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Árpád dynasty in Hungary. 1601–1900 *1639 – The "Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, Fundamenta ...
– Jeanette MacDonald, American actress and singer (b. 1903) * January 15 – Pierre Ngendandumwe, 4th and 6th Prime Minister of Burundi (assassinated) (b. 1930) *
January 20 Events Pre-1600 * 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution. * 649 – King Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, crowns his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom. * 1156 &ndas ...
– Alan Freed, American disc jockey (b. 1922) * January 24 – Sir
Winston Churchill Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (30 November 187424 January 1965) was a British statesman, soldier, and writer who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom twice, from 1940 to 1945 Winston Churchill in the Second World War, dur ...
, British politician and statesman, twice Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, World War II leader, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature (b. 1874) * January 27 – Hassan Ali Mansur, Iranian politician, 69th Prime Minister of Iran (b. 1923) * January 28 ** Taimur bin Feisal, Sultan of Muscat and Oman (b. 1886) ** Maxime Weygand, French general (b. 1867) * January 31 – Konstantin Muraviev, 31st Prime Minister of Bulgaria (b. 1893)


February

* February 5 – Irving Bacon, American actor (b. 1893) * February 6 – Frederick, Prince of Hohenzollern (b. 1891) * February 7 – Nance O'Neil, American stage and film actress (b. 1874) * February 9 – Khan Bahadur Ahsanullah, Indian educationist, philosopher, philanthropist, social reformer and spiritualist (b. 1874) * February 13 ** Humberto Delgado, Portuguese general and opposition politician (b. 1906) ** William Heard Kilpatrick, American mathematician and philosopher (b. 1871) * February 14 – Désiré-Émile Inghelbrecht, French composer (b. 1880) * February 15 – Nat King Cole, American singer and musician (b. 1919) * February 19 ** Forrest Taylor, American actor (b. 1883) ** Tom Wilson (actor), Tom Wilson, American actor (b. 1880) *
February 21 Events Pre-1600 * 452 or 453 – Severianus, Bishop of Scythopolis, is martyred in Palestine. * 1245 – Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland, is granted resignation after confessing to torture and forgery. * 1440 – The Prus ...
Malcolm X Malcolm X (born Malcolm Little, later Malik el-Shabazz; May 19, 1925 – February 21, 1965) was an American Muslim minister and human rights activist who was a prominent figure during the civil rights movement. A spokesman for the Nation of Is ...
, American civil rights activist (b. 1925) * February 22 – Felix Frankfurter, Supreme Court of the United States, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (b. 1882) * February 23 – Stan Laurel, British actor (b. 1890) * February 24 – Takeo Itō, Japanese general (b. 1889) * February 28 – Adolf Schärf, Austrian politician, 6th President of Austria (b. 1890)


March

* March 5 – Salvador Castaneda Castro, 31st President of El Salvador (b. 1888) * March 6 – Margaret Dumont, American actress (b. 1889) *
March 7 Events Pre-1600 * 161 – Marcus Aurelius and L. Commodus (who changes his name to Lucius Verus) become joint emperors of Rome on the death of Antoninus Pius. * 1138 – Konrad III von Hohenstaufen was elected king of Germany at Cob ...
– Louise Mountbatten, Queen of Sweden and second wife of Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden, King Gustaf VI Adolf (b. 1889) * March 13 ** Corrado Gini, Italian statistician (b. 1884) ** Vittorio Jano, Italian automobile designer (b. 1891) ** Fan Noli, Albanian bishop, poet and politician, 13th Prime Minister of Albania (b. 1882) * March 14 – Marion Jones Farquhar, American tennis champion (b. 1879) * March 17 ** Nancy Cunard, English writer, heiress, and political activist (b. 1896) ** Amos Alonzo Stagg, American baseball, basketball and football player and coach (b. 1862) *
March 18 Events Pre-1600 * 37 – Roman Senate annuls Tiberius' will and proclaims Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ''(aka Caligula = Little Boots)'' emperor.Tacitus, ''Annals'' V.10. * 1068 – An earthquake in the Levant and the Ara ...
– King Farouk of Egypt (b. 1920) * March 19 – Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, Romanian communist leader, 47th Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1901) * March 22 – Fidel Dávila Arrondo, Fidel Dávila, Spanish general and minister (b. 1878) *
March 23 Events Pre-1600 *1400 – The Trần dynasty of Vietnam is deposed, after one hundred and seventy-five years of rule, by Hồ Quý Ly, a court official. *1540 – Waltham Abbey Church, Waltham Abbey is surrendered to King Henry VIII of ...
– Mae Murray, American actress (b. 1885) *
March 25 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Italian city Venice is founded with the dedication of the first church, that of San Giacomo di Rialto on the islet of Rialto. * 708 – Pope Constantine becomes the 88th pope. He would be the last pope to vi ...
** Giorgio Federico Ghedini, Italian composer (b. 1892) ** Viola Liuzzo, American Unitarian Universalist and civil rights activist (b. 1925) *
March 28 Events Pre-1600 * AD 37 – Roman emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, bestowed on him by the Senate. * 193 – After assassinating the Roman Emperor Pertinax, his Praetorian Guards auction off the throne to Di ...
** Mary, Princess Royal and Countess of Harewood (b. 1897) ** Jack Hoxie, American actor, rodeo performer (b. 1885) *
March 30 Events Pre-1600 * 598 – Balkan Campaign: The Avars lift the siege at the Byzantine stronghold of Tomis. Their leader Bayan I retreats north of the Danube River after the Avaro- Slavic hordes are decimated by the plague. * 1282 &ndas ...
– Philip Showalter Hench, American physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1896)


April

*
April 3 Events Pre-1600 * 686 – Maya king Yuknoom Yich'aak K'ahk' assumes the crown of Calakmul. * 1043 – Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England. * 1077 – The Patriarchate of Friûl, the first Friulian state, is created ...
– Ray Enright, American film director (b. 1896) * April 10 ** Linda Darnell, American actress (b. 1923) ** La Belle Otero, Spanish actress, dancer and courtesan (b. 1868) * April 14 ** Leonard Mudie, English actor (b. 1883) ** Perry Smith (murderer), Perry Smith (b. 1928) and Dick Hickock (b. 1931), American convicted murderers * April 16 – Sydney Chaplin, English actor (b. 1885) * April 18 – Guillermo González Camarena, Mexican inventor (b. 1917) * April 21 – Edward Victor Appleton, English physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1892) * April 23 – George Adamski, Polish-American UFO writer (b. 1891) * April 24 – Louise Dresser, American actress (b. 1878) * April 27 – Edward R. Murrow, American journalist (b. 1908) * April 30 – Helen Chandler, American actress (b. 1906)


May

* May 1 – Spike Jones, American musician and bandleader (b. 1911) * May 6 – Oren E. Long, American politician, 10th Governor of Hawai'i (b. 1889) * May 7 – Charles Sheeler, American photographer (b. 1883) * May 9 – Leopold Figl, 14th Chancellor of Austria and acting President of Austria (b. 1902) * May 14 – Frances Perkins, first woman appointed as a United States Presidential cabinet member (Labor) (b. 1880) * May 15 – Yisrael Bar-Yehuda, Zionist activist and Israel politician (b. 1895) * May 16 – Maria Dąbrowska, Polish writer (b. 1886) * May 18 – Eli Cohen, Israeli spy (b. 1924) * May 21 – Geoffrey de Havilland, Sir Geoffrey de Havilland, British aviation pioneer and aircraft company founder (b. 1882) * May 23 ** Rosina Anselmi, Italian actress (b. 1880) ** David Smith (sculptor), David Smith, American sculptor (b. 1906) * May 25 – Sonny Boy Williamson II, Sonny Boy Williamson, American blues musician (b. 1899)


June

* June 1 – Curly Lambeau, American football player and coach (b. 1898) * June 5 ** Eleanor Farjeon, British author of children's literature (b. 1881) ** Prince Wilhelm, Duke of Södermanland (b. 1884) * June 7 – Judy Holliday, American actress, comedian, and singer (b. 1921) * June 11 – José Mendes Cabeçadas, Portuguese navy officer, 94th Prime Minister of Portugal and 9th President of Portugal (b. 1883) * June 13 – Martin Buber, Austrian-Israeli philosopher (b. 1878) * June 15 – Steve Cochran, American actor (b. 1917) * June 19 – James Collip, Canadian biochemist (b. 1892) * June 20 – Bernard Baruch, American financier and presidential adviser (b. 1870) * June 22 – David O. Selznick, American film producer (b. 1902) * June 23 – Mary Boland, American actress (b. 1882) * June 28 – Red Nichols, American jazz cornettist (b. 1905) * June 30 – Bessie Barriscale, American actress (b. 1884)


July

* July 1 – Wally Hammond, English cricketer (b. 1903) * July 7 – Moshe Sharett, 2nd Prime Minister of Israel (b. 1894) * July 8 – T. S. Stribling, American novelist (b. 1881) * July 11 – Ray Collins (actor), Ray Collins, American actor (b. 1889) * July 13 – Laureano Gómez, 43rd President of Colombia (b. 1889) * July 14 ** Adlai Stevenson II, Adlai Stevenson, American politician (b. 1900) ** Max Woosnam, English sportsman (b. 1892) * July 19 ** Clyde Beatty, American animal trainer (b. 1903) ** Ingrid Jonker, South African Afrikaans poet (b. 1933) ** Syngman Rhee, Korean statesman, 1st President of South Korea (b. 1875) * July 24 – Constance Bennett, American actress (b. 1904) * July 28 – Rampo Edogawa, Japanese author and critic (b. 1894) * July 30 ** Pier Ruggero Piccio, Italian World War I fighter ace, air force general (b. 1880) ** Jun'ichirō Tanizaki, Japanese writer (b. 1886)


August

* August 1 – John Miller (rower), John Miller, American Olympic rower - Men's eights (b. 1903) * August 6 ** Nancy Carroll, American actress (b. 1903) ** Everett Sloane, American actor (b. 1909) * August 8 – Shirley Jackson, American author (b. 1916) * August 9 – Creighton Hale, American actor (b. 1882) * August 13 – Hayato Ikeda, Japanese politician, 38th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1899) * August 25 – Johnny Hayes, American Olympic athlete (b. 1886) * August 27 – Le Corbusier, Swiss architect (b. 1887) * August 28 ** Rashid Ali al-Gaylani, Iraqi politician, 9th Prime Minister of Iraq (b. 1892) ** Giulio Racah, Israeli physicist (b. 1909) * August 29 – Paul Waner, American baseball player (b. 1903)


September

* September 4 ** Tommy Hampson, British Olympic athlete (b. 1907) ** Albert Schweitzer, Alsace, Alsatian physician and missionary, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1875) * September 8 ** Dorothy Dandridge, American actress (b. 1922) ** Hermann Staudinger, German chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1881) * September 12 – Lucian Truscott, American general (b. 1895) * September 16 – Fred Quimby, American animated film producer (b. 1886) * September 17 – Alejandro Casona, Spanish poet and playwright (b. 1903) * September 22 – Othmar Ammann, Swiss-born American engineer (b. 1879) * September 27 – Clara Bow, American silent film actress (b. 1905)


October

* October 1 – Anton Boisen, American founder of the clinical pastoral education movement (b. 1876) * October 3 – Zachary Scott, American actor (b. 1914) * October 6 – Moors murders, Edward Evans, English murder victim (b. 1948) * October 11 ** Dorothea Lange, American photographer (b. 1895) ** Walther Stampfli, member of the Swiss Federal Council (b. 1884) * October 12 – Samir Al-Rifai, 6-time Prime Minister of Jordan (b. 1901) * October 13 – Paul Hermann Müller, Swiss chemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1899) * October 14 – Randall Jarrell, American poet (b. 1914) * October 15 – Abraham Fraenkel, Israeli mathematician and recipient of the Israel Prize (b. 1891) * October 17 – Bart King, American cricketer (b. 1873) * October 18 ** Oscar Beregi (actor, born 1876), Oscar Beregi, Hungarian actor (b. 1876) ** Henry Travers, English actor (b. 1874) * October 21 ** Bill Black, American musician and bandleader (b. 1926) ** Marie McDonald, American actress (b. 1923) * October 22 – Paul Tillich, German American Christian existentialist philosopher and theologian (b. 1886) * October 23 – Luis de la Puente Uceda, Peruvian guerrilla leader (b. 1926) * October 24 – Hans Meerwein, German chemist (b. 1879) * October 26 – Murder of Sylvia Likens, Sylvia Likens, American murder victim (b. 1949) * October 29 – Miller Anderson (diver), Miller Anderson, American Olympic diver (b. 1922) * October 31 – Rita Johnson, American actress (b. 1913)


November

* November 2 ** Félix Paiva, 28th President of Paraguay (b. 1877) ** H.V. Evatt, Australian politician, judge (b. 1894) * November 6 ** Edgard Varèse, French-born composer (b. 1883) ** Clarence Williams (musician), Clarence Williams, American musician (b. 1893) * November 7 – Mirza Basheer-ud-Din Mahmood Ahmad, 2nd Caliph of Ahmadiyya Muslim Community in Islam (b. 1889) * November 8 ** Dorothy Kilgallen, American newspaper columnist and television personality (b. 1913) ** Emma Gramatica, Italian actress (b. 1874) * November 16 – W. T. Cosgrave, Irish politician, president of the Chairman of the Provisional Government of the Irish Free State, Provisional Government and the President of the Executive Council of the Irish Free State, Executive Council of the Irish Free State (b. 1880) * November 18 ** Khalid al-Azm, 5-time Prime Minister of Syria and acting President of Syria (b. 1903) ** Henry A. Wallace, 33rd Vice President of the United States (b. 1888) * November 24 – Abdullah III Al-Salim Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (b. 1895) * November 25 – Dame Myra Hess, English pianist (b. 1890)


December

* December 5 – Joseph Erlanger, American physiologist and academic, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1874) * December 9 – Branch Rickey, American baseball executive (b. 1881) * December 10 – Henry Cowell, American composer (b. 1897) * December 11 – George Constantinescu, Romanian scientist (b. 1881) * December 15 – Joseph Bamina, 8th Prime Minister of Burundi (executed) (b. 1925) * December 16 ** W. Somerset Maugham, English writer (b. 1874) ** Tito Schipa, Italian tenor (b. 1889) * December 24 – William M. Branham, American minister (b. 1909) * December 27 – Edgar Ende, German painter (b. 1901) * December 29 – Kosaku Yamada, Japanese composer and conductor (b. 1886)


Nobel Prizes

* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Shin'ichirō Tomonaga, Julian Schwinger, Richard Feynman, Richard P. Feynman * Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Robert Burns Woodward * Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Physiology or Medicine – François Jacob, André Michel Lwoff, Jacques Monod * Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Mikhail Sholokhov * Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – UNICEF, United Nation's Children's Fund (UNICEF)


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:1965 1965,