1957 Elections In Denmark

1957 ( MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1957th year of the Common Era (CE) and '' Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 957th year of the 2nd millennium, the 57th year of the 20th century, and the 8th year of the 1950s decade.

Events

January

* January 1 – The Saarland joins West Germany.
* January 3 – Hamilton Watch Company introduces the first electric watch.
* January 5 – South African player Russell Endean becomes the first batsman to be dismissed for having ''handled the ball'', in Test cricket.
* January 9 – British Prime Minister Anthony Eden resigns.
* January 10 – Harold Macmillan becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
* January 11 – The African Convention is founded in Dakar.
* January 14 – Kripalu Maharaj is named fifth Jagadguru (world teacher), after giving seven days of speeches before 500 Hindu scholars.
* January 15 – The film '' Throne of Blood'', Akira Kurosawa's reworking of ''Macbeth'', is released in Japan.
* January 20
** Dwight D. Eisenhower is privately sworn in for a second term, as President of the United States.
** Israel withdraws from the Sinai Peninsula (captured from Egypt on October 29, 1956).
* January 26 – The Ibirapuera Planetarium (the first in the Southern Hemisphere) is inaugurated in the city of São Paulo, Brazil.

February

* February 2 – President Iskander Mirza of Pakistan lays the foundation-stone of the Guddu Barrage across the Indus River, near Sukkur.
* February 4
** France prohibits U.N. involvement in Algeria.
** The first nuclear-powered submarine, , logs its 60,000th nautical mile, matching the endurance of the fictional '' Nautilus'' described in Jules Verne's 1870 novel '' Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea''. It is decommissioned on March 3, 1980.
** A coal gas explosion at the giant Bishop Coal Mine in Bishop, Virginia, United States, kills 37 men.
* February 6 – The Soviet Union announces that Swedish envoy Raoul Wallenberg had died in a Soviet prison ("possibly of a heart attack"), on July 17, 1947.
* February 10 – The Confederation of African Football is founded, at a meeting in Khartoum.
* February 15 – Andrei Gromyko becomes foreign minister of the Soviet Union.
* February 16 – Ingmar Bergman's film '' The Seventh Seal'' opens at cinemas in Sweden.
* February 17 – A fire at a home for the elderly in Warrenton, Missouri, United States, kills 72 people.
* February 18
** Kenyan rebel leader Dedan Kimathi is executed by the British colonial government.
** The last person to be executed in New Zealand, Walter James Bolton, is hanged at Mount Eden Prison for poisoning his wife.
* February 23 – The founding congress of the Senegalese Popular Bloc opens in Dakar.

March

* March 1
** U Nu becomes Prime Minister of Burma.
** Arturo Lezama becomes President of the National Council of Government of Uruguay.
** Sud Aviation forms, from a merger between SNCASE (Société Nationale de Constructions Aéronautiques du Sud Est) and SNCASO (Société Nationale de Constructions Aéronautiques du Sud Ouest).
* March 3 – '' Net als toen'', sung by Corry Brokken (music by Guus Jansen, lyrics by Willy van Hemert), wins the Eurovision Song Contest 1957 (held at Frankfurt), for the Netherlands.
* March 6
** United Kingdom colonies Gold Coast and British Togoland become the independent nation of Ghana.
** Zodi Ikhia founds the Nigerien Democratic Front (FDN) in Niger.
* March 8 – Egypt re-opens the Suez Canal.
* March 14 – President Sukarno declares martial law in Indonesia.
* March 17 – 1957 Cebu Douglas C-47 crash: Philippine President Ramon Magsaysay and 24 others are killed in a plane crash.
* March 20 – The French news magazine ''L'Express'' reveals that the French army tortures Algerian prisoners.
* March 25 – The Treaty of Rome (''Patto di Roma'') establishes the European Economic Community (EEC; predecessor of the European Union) between Italy, France, West Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg.
* March 27 – The 29th Academy Awards Ceremony is held in Hollywood. '' Around the World in 80 Days'' wins Best Picture.

April

* April – IBM sells the first compiler for the Fortran scientific programming language.
* April 1 – The first new conscripts join the Bundeswehr.
* April 5 – The Communist Party of India wins the elections in Kerala, making E. M. S. Namboodiripad its first chief minister.
* April 9 – Egypt reopens the Suez Canal to all shipping.
* April 12 – The United Kingdom announces that Singapore will gain self-rule on January 1, 1958.
* April 15
** The Distant Early Warning Line is handed over by contractors to the U.S. and Canadian military.
** White Rock secedes from Surrey, British Columbia, following a referendum.
* April 17 – Suspected English serial killer Dr. John Bodkin Adams is found not guilty of murder, at the Old Bailey.
* April 24 – 25 – The 1957 Fethiye earthquakes occur, on the Mediterranean coast of Turkey.
* April 30 – An annular solar eclipse was a non-central annular solar eclipse, that does ''NOT'' have a northern path limit. This was the last of 57 umbral solar eclipses of Solar Saros 118.

May

* May 2 – "Die Stem van Suid-Afrika", written by Cornelis Jacobus Langenhoven, becomes the South African national anthem, replacing " God Save the Queen", which is retained as a royal anthem.
* May 8 – South Vietnamese President Ngo Dinh Diem begins a state visit to the United States, his regime's main sponsor.
* May 15.
** Operation Grapple: At Malden Island in the Pacific, Britain tests its first hydrogen bomb, which fails to detonate properly.
** Stanley Matthews plays his final international game, ending an English record international career of almost 23 years.
* May 16 – Paul-Henri Spaak becomes the new Secretary General of NATO.
* May 24 – May 24 incident: Anti-American riots erupt in Taipei, Taiwan.
* May 30 – Real Madrid beats Fiorentina 2–0 at Santiago Bernabéu Stadium, Madrid, to win the 1956–57 European Cup (football).

June

* June 9 – Broad Peak, on the China-Pakistan border, is first ascended.
* June 21 – John Diefenbaker becomes the 13th Prime Minister of Canada.
* June 27 – Hurricane Audrey demolishes Cameron, Louisiana, U.S., killing 400 people.

July

* July 1
** The International Geophysical Year begins.
** The University of Waterloo is founded in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
** Hugh Everett III publishes the first scientifically founded many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics.
** Production of the Citroën Traction Avant automobile, begun in 1934, ceases.
* July 6 - At the age of fifteen on 6 July 1957, Paul McCartney met John Lennon and his band, the Quarrymen, at the St Peter's Church Hall fête in Woolton.
* July 11 – His Highness Prince Karim Aga Khan IV becomes the 49th Imam of the Shia Ismaili Muslims at age 20. His grandfather Sir Sultan Mohammed Shah Aga Khan III appoints Prince Karim in his will.
* July 14 – Rawya Ateya takes her seat in the National Assembly of Egypt, thereby becoming the first female parliamentarian in the Arab world.
* July 16 – United States Marine Major John Glenn flies an F8U supersonic jet from California to New York in 3 hours, 23 minutes and 8 seconds, setting a new transcontinental speed record.
* July 19 – The largely autobiographical novel '' The Ordeal of Gilbert Pinfold'' by Evelyn Waugh was published.
* July 25 – Tunisia becomes a republic, with Habib Bourguiba as its first president.
* July 28
** The 6th World Festival of Youth and Students, a high point of the Khrushchev Thaw, opens in Moscow.
** Heavy rains and mudslides at Isahaya, western Kyūshū, Japan, kill 992.
* July 29 – The International Atomic Energy Agency is established.

August

* August 4 – Juan Manuel Fangio, driving for Maserati, wins the Formula One German Grand Prix, clinching (with 4 wins this season) his record 5th world drivers championship, including his 4th consecutive championship (also a record); these 2 records endure for nearly half a century.
* August 31 – The Federation of Malaya gains independence from the United Kingdom, subsequently celebrated as Malaysia's National Day. Abdul Rahman of Negeri Sembilan, Yang di-Pertuan Besar of Negeri Sembilan, becomes the first Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaya. The country's new Constitution had come into force on August 27. The Alliance Party and its successor are the ruling coalition until 2018.

September

* September 9 – The Civil Rights Act of 1957 is enacted, establishing the United States Commission on Civil Rights.
* September 21
** Olav V becomes King of Norway, on the death of his father Haakon VII.
** The sailing ship '' Pamir'' sinks off the Azores, in a hurricane.
* September 24 – Camp Nou, home-stadium of FC Barcelona, officially opens in Barcelona, Spain.
* September 29 – The Kyshtym disaster occurs, at the Mayak nuclear reprocessing plant in Russia.

October

* October 1 – The Africanized bee is accidentally released in Brazil.
* October 4
** Space Age – Sputnik program: The Soviet Union launches Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite to orbit the earth.
** The Avro Canada CF-105 Arrow delta wing interceptor aircraft is unveiled.
* October 10 – Windscale fire: Fire at the Windscale nuclear reactor on the north-west coast of England releases radioactive material into the surrounding environment, including iodine-131.
* October 11
** The Jodrell Bank radio telescope opens in Cheshire, England.
** The orbit of the last stage of the R-7 Semyorka rocket (carrying Sputnik I) is first successfully calculated on an IBM 704 computer at the MIT Computation Center as part of Operation Moonwatch, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
* October 21 – Two trains collide at Yarımburgaz in Turkey; 95 die.
* October 23 – Morocco begins its invasion of Ifni.
* October 27 – Celâl Bayar is re-elected president of Turkey.

November

* November 1 – The Mackinac Bridge, the world's longest suspension bridge between anchorages at this time, opens in the United States, to connect Michigan's two peninsulas.
* November 3 – Sputnik program: The Soviet Union launches Sputnik 2, with the first animal to orbit the Earth (a dog named Laika) on board; there is no technology available to return it to Earth.
* November 13
** Gordon Gould invents the laser.
** Flooding in the Po Valley of Italy leads to flooding also in Venice.
* November 15
** 1957 Aquila Airways Solent crash: A flying boat crash on the Isle of Wight leaves 45 dead.
** Yugoslavia announces the end of an economic boycott of Francoist Spain (although it does not reinstitute diplomatic relations).
* November 16 – Adnan Menderes of the Democrat Party forms the new government of Turkey (23rd government, last government formed by DP and Menderes).
* November 30 – Indonesian president Sukarno survives a grenade attack at the Cikini School in Jakarta, but six children are killed.

December

* December 1 – In Indonesia, Sukarno announces the nationalization of 246 Dutch businesses.
* December 4 – The Lewisham rail crash in London, UK, leaves 92 people dead.
* December 5 – All 326,000 Dutch nationals are expelled from Indonesia.
* December 6 – The first U.S. attempt to launch a satellite fails, when the Vanguard rocket blows up on the launch pad.
* December 10 – Canadian diplomat Lester B. Pearson receives the Nobel Peace Prize, for his peacekeeping efforts in the United Nations.
* December 20 – The Boeing 707 airliner flies for the first time.

Date unknown

* Mao Zedong admits that 800,000 " class enemies" had been summarily liquidated in China, between 1949 and 1954.
* Gruppe SPUR, an artistic collaboration, is founded in Germany.
* Raja Fashions, a tailoring business is founded in Hong Kong.
* The so-called 'mound of Midas', the Great Tumulus near Gordium, is excavated.
* Three new neo- grotesque sans-serif typefaces are released: Folio (designed by Konrad Bauer and Walter Baum), Neue Haas Grotesk (designed by Max Miedinger) and Univers (designed by Adrian Frutiger); all will be influential in the International Typographic Style of graphic design.

Births

January

* January 1
** Isabel Ordaz, Spanish actress
** Ewa Kasprzyk, Polish actress
* January 3 – Bojan Križaj, Slovenian alpine skier
* January 4 – Patty Loveless, American country music singer
* January 5 – Maartin Allcock, English multi-instrumentalist and record producer (d. 2018)
* January 6 – Nancy Lopez, American golfer
* January 7
** Katie Couric, American television host
** Hannu Kamppuri, Finnish ice hockey goaltender
** Julian Solís, Puerto Rican former world bantamweight champion boxer
* January 8
** David Lang, American composer
** Dwight Clark, American football player (d. 2018)
* January 9 – Bibie, Ghanaian singer
* January 11
** Bryan Robson, English footballer
** Claude Criquielion, Belgian bike racer (d. 2015)
* January 12 – John Lasseter, American director, writer and animator
* January 13
** Lorrie Moore, American writer
** Daniel Scioli, Argentine politician and sportsman
* January 14
** Anchee Min, Chinese writer
** Wu Chengzhen, Chinese Buddhist abbess
* January 15 – Mario Van Peebles, African-American actor and director
* January 16 – Ricardo Darín, Argentinian actor
* January 17 – Steve Harvey, African-American comedian, television host, radio personality and actor
* January 22
** Mike Bossy, Canadian hockey player (d. 2022)
** Rene Requiestas, Filipino comedian (d. 1993)
** Godfrey Thoma, Nauruan politician
* January 23 – Caroline, Princess of Hanover
* January 26 – Road Warrior Hawk, American professional wrestler (d. 2003)
* January 27
** Frank Miller, American comic book writer
** Janick Gers, British heavy metal guitarist
* January 29 – Grażyna Miller, Polish poet
* January 30 – Payne Stewart, American golfer (d. 1999)

February

* February 1 – Dennis Brown, Jamaican reggae singer (d. 1999)
* February 2 – Phil Barney, French singer
* February 5 – Jackie Woodburne, Australian actress
* February 6
** Kathy Najimy, American actress and comedian
** Robert Townsend, African-American actor, comedian, director, and writer ('' Hollywood Shuffle'')
* February 8 – Cindy Wilson, American rock singer ( The B-52's)
* February 9 – Gordon Strachan, Scottish footballer and manager
* February 11 – Mitchell Symons, British writer
* February 14 – Soile Isokoski, Finnish lyric soprano
* February 15
** Nathaniel Bar-Jonah, American criminal (d. 2008)
** Shahriar Mandanipour, Iranian writer
* February 16 – LeVar Burton, African-American actor
* February 17 – Loreena McKennitt, Canadian singer, composer, harpist (''Mummers' Dance'')
* February 18
** Marita Koch, German athlete
** Vanna White, American game show presenter ('' Wheel of Fortune'')
* February 19
** Falco, Austrian rock musician (''Rock Me Amadeus'') (d. 1998)
** Ray Winstone, British actor
* February 20 – Glen Hanlon, Canadian ice hockey coach
* February 23 – Ria Brieffies, Dutch singer (d. 2009)
* February 25 – Tharman Shanmugaratnam, Singaporean politician, 5th Senior Minister of Singapore
* February 27
** Danny Antonucci, Canadian creator of the Cartoon Network show '' Ed, Edd n Eddy''
** Ralph Cox, American professional ice hockey player
** Timothy Spall, English actor
* February 28
** Ian Smith, New Zealand cricketer
** John Turturro, American actor, writer and director

March

* March 4 – Mykelti Williamson, American actor
* March 5 – Mark E. Smith, English singer (d. 2018)
* March 6 – Eddie Deezen, American actor, voice actor and comedian
* March 8 – Clive Burr, British heavy metal drummer (d. 2013)
* March 9 – Mona Sahlin, Swedish politician
* March 10
** Matt Knudsen, American actor, comedian and writer
** Osama bin Laden, Saudi-born founder of al-Qaeda (d. 2011)
** Hans-Peter Friedrich, German politician
* March 11 – Qasem Soleimani, Iranian general (d. 2020)
* March 12 – Marlon Jackson, African-American singer
* March 13 – David Peaston, American singer (d. 2012)
* March 15
** Joaquim de Almeida, Portuguese actor
** Park Overall, American film and television actress
* March 18 – György Pazdera, Hungarian rock bassist ( Pokolgép)
* March 19 – Christopher Murray, American actor
* March 20
** Vanessa Bell Calloway, African-American actress
** John Grogan, American journalist and non-fiction writer
** Spike Lee, African-American film director and actor
** Theresa Russell, American actress
* March 23
** Edna Molewa, South African politician (d. 2018)
** Teresa Ganzel, American comedian and actress
** Lucio Gutiérrez, 41st President of Ecuador
** Robbie James, Welsh footballer
** Amanda Plummer, American actress
* March 24 – Jack Edwards, American play-by-play announcer
* March 26 – Leeza Gibbons, American television personality
* March 27 – Stephen Dillane, English actor
* March 28 – Paul Eiding, American actor and voice actor
* March 29 – Christopher Lambert, French-American actor
* March 30
** Shen Yi-ming, Taiwanese Air Force general officer (d. 2020)
** Paul Reiser, American comedian and actor
** Ian Shelton, Canadian astronomer who discovered SN 1987A
* March 31
** Marc McClure, American actor
** Terry Klassen, Canadian voice actor and voice director

April

* April 1
** J. Karjalainen, Finnish rock musician
** Denise Nickerson, American actress (d. 2019)
* April 2
** Mark Alburger, American composer
** Giuliana De Sio, Italian actress
* April 4
** Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán, Mexican drug lord
** Aki Kaurismäki, Finnish film director
* April 5 – Ivan Corea, Sri Lankan autism campaigner
* April 8 – Henry Cluney, Irish musician
* April 9 – Seve Ballesteros, Spanish golfer (d. 2011)
* April 10 – Ülle Kaljuste, Estonian actress
* April 12 – Vince Gill, American singer and songwriter
* April 14 – Mikhail Pletnev, Russian pianist, conductor and composer
* April 17
** Afrika Bambaataa, American DJ and producer
** Susan Roman, Canadian voice actress
* April 18 – Genie (feral child), Genie, American feral child
* April 20 - Aviva Chomsky, history professor and coordinator of Latin American studies at Salem State University
* April 21
** Jesse Orosco, American baseball player
** Herbert Wetterauer, German artist and author
** Faustin-Archange Touadéra, 8th President of the Central African Republic
* April 22 – Donald Tusk, Prime Minister of Poland
* April 23
** Jan Hooks, American actress and comedian (d. 2014)
** Kenji Kawai, Japanese composer
* April 24 – Nazir Ahmed, Baron Ahmed, Pakistani-British Labour Party politician
* April 25
** Eric Bristow, English darts player (d. 2018)
** Roch Marc Christian Kaboré, 7th Prime Minister and 8th President of Burkina Faso
* April 27 – Michel Barrette, Canadian actor and stand-up comedian
* April 28 – Dinorah de Jesús Rodriguez, Cuban-born experimental filmmaker
* April 29
** Daniel Day-Lewis, English-born actor
** Timothy Treadwell, American environmentalist and filmmaker (d. 2003)

May

* May 1 – Jo Jorgensen, American libertarian politician and academic
* May 3 – Jo Brand, English comedian
* May 5 – Richard E. Grant, English actor
* May 10 – Sid Vicious (John Beverley), English punk rock bassist (Sex Pistols) (d. 1979)
* May 11 – Peter North (actor), Peter North, Canadian adult actor
* May 13 – Carrie Lam, Hong Kong civil servant
* May 14 – Daniela Dessì, Italian operatic soprano (d. 2016)
* May 15
** Kevin Von Erich, American professional wrestler
** Juan José Ibarretxe, Basque Lehendakari (Prime Minister)
* May 16
** Joan Benoit, American Olympic gold medal-winning marathon runner
** Bob Suter, American professional ice hockey player (d. 2014)
* May 17 – Gösta Sundqvist, Finnish rock singer and songwriter (Leevi and the Leavings) (d. 2003)
* May 18
** Michael Cretu, Romanian–German new-age musician (Enigma (German band), Enigma)
** Frank Plasberg, German journalist and television presenter
* May 20 – Yoshihiko Noda, 62nd Prime Minister of Japan
* May 21
** Rebecca Jones (Mexican actress), Rebecca Jones, Mexican actress
** Judge Reinhold, American actor
** Renée Soutendijk, Dutch actress
* May 22
** Albert Boonstra, Dutch swimmer
** Shinji Morisue, Japanese gymnast
** Gary Sweet, Australian actor
* May 23 – Jimmy McShane (aka Baltimora), Northern Irish singer and dancer (d. 1995)
* May 24
** John Harrington (ice hockey), John Harrington, American professional ice hockey player
** Walter Moers, German comic artist and writer
** John G. Rowland, American Republican Party (United States), Republican politician, Governor of Connecticut and felon
* May 26
**Pontso Sekatle, Lesotho academic and politician
**Dan Roodt, South African author and politician
* May 27 – Siouxsie Sioux, born Susan Ballion, English post-punk singer (Siouxsie and the Banshees)
* May 28 – Kirk Gibson, American baseball player
* May 29 – Ted Levine, American actor
* May 31 – Jim Craig (ice hockey), Jim Craig, American professional ice hockey player

June

* June 1 – Dorota Kędzierzawska, Polish film director
* June 3 – Horst-Ulrich Hänel, German field hockey player
* June 5 – Kim Tai-chung, Korean martial artist and former actor and Bruce Lee double (d. 2011)
* June 7 – Juan Luis Guerra, Dominican singer and songwriter
* June 8
** Scott Adams, American cartoonist (''Dilbert'')
** Dimple Kapadia, Indian actress
* June 12
** Timothy Busfield, American actor
** Gamal Al-Ghandour, Egyptian football referee
** Javed Miandad, Pakistani cricketer
** Tarek Shawki, Egyptian academic, 25th Ministry of Education (Egypt), Minister of Education and Technical Education in Egypt
* June 15 – Seppo Pääkkönen, Finnish actor
* June 19 – Anna Lindh, Swedish politician (d. 2003)
* June 21
** Michael Bowen (actor), Michael Bowen, American actor
** Luis Antonio Tagle, Filipino cardinal, Archbishop of Manila
* June 23 – Frances McDormand, American actress
* June 25 – William Goh, Archbishop of Singapore
* June 27 – Erik Hamrén, Swedish football player
* June 28
** Lance Nethery, Canadian ice hockey player
** Georgi Parvanov, President of Bulgaria
* June 29 – Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow, Turkmen politician, 2nd President of Turkmenistan
* June 30 – Silvio Orlando, Italian actor

July

* July 1
** Erdeniin Bat-Üül, Mongolian politician
** Hannu Kamppuri, Finnish ice hockey player
* July 2 – Bret Hart, Canadian professional wrestler
* July 3
** Shan Goshorn, American Cherokee artist (d. 2018)
** Ken Ober, American actor and game show host (d. 2009)
* July 4
** Chulabhorn, Princess Chulabhorn of Thailand
** Jenny Seagrove, English actress
** M. Nasir, Singaporean-Malaysian poet, singer-songwriter, composer, producer, actor and film director
** Dmitry Nazarov, Soviet-Russian actor
* July 5 – Doug Wilson (ice hockey), Doug Wilson, Canadian ice hockey
* July 6 – Chong Eng, Malaysian politician
* July 7 – Mohd Puad Zarkashi, Malaysian politician
* July 9
** Paul Merton, English writer, actor, comedian, radio and television presenter
** Marc Almond, English singer
** Kelly McGillis, American actress
* July 10 – Cindy Sheehan, American anti-war activist
* July 12
** Götz Alsmann, German television presenter, musician and singer
** Pino Quartullo, Italian actor, director, screenwriter and playwright
** Rick Husband, American astronaut (d. 2003)
* July 13
** Lília Cabral, Brazilian actress
** Tony Vega, Puerto Rican singer
** Cameron Crowe, American writer and film director
* July 17 – Shinobu Otake, Japanese actress
* July 18 – Nick Faldo, British golfer
* July 21
** Jon Lovitz, American actor and comedian
** Stefan Löfven, 33rd Prime Minister of Sweden
* July 23 – Theo van Gogh (film director), Theo van Gogh, Dutch film director (d. 2004)
* July 24 – Shavkat Mirziyoyev, Uzbek politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Uzbekistan and 2nd President of Uzbekistan
* July 26
** Yuen Biao, Hong Kong actor
** Nana Visitor, American actress
* July 27 – Hansi Müller, German footballer
* July 29
** Nellie Kim, Russian gymnast
** Fumio Kishida, 100th Prime Minister of Japan

August

* August 2 – Lo' Lo' Mohd Ghazali, Malaysian politician (d. 2011)
* August 4
** Rupert Farley, British actor and voice actor
** John Wark, Scottish footballer
* August 6 – Jim McGreevey, 52nd Governor of New Jersey
* August 7 – Alexander Dityatin, Soviet gymnast
* August 9 – Melanie Griffith, American actress
* August 10 – Juli Básti, Hungarian actress
* August 11 – Richie Ramone, American rock drummer (Ramones)
* August 14 – Peter Costello, Australian politician
* August 15 – Željko Ivanek, Slovenian-American actor
* August 16
** Tim Farriss, Australian rock guitarist (INXS)
** Laura Innes, American actress and director
** Phil Murphy, American politician
* August 17 – Robin Cousins, British figure skater
* August 18
** Carole Bouquet, French actress
** Denis Leary, American comedian and actor
** Harald Schmidt, German actor, writer, columnist, comedian and television entertainer
* August 19 – Li-Young Lee, Indonesian-born poet
* August 20 – Finlay Calder, Scottish rugby player
* August 22 – Steve Davis, British snooker player
* August 24 – Stephen Fry, British comedian, author and actor
* August 25 – Simon McBurney, British actor, writer and theatre director
* August 26
** Dr. Alban, Nigerian-born Swedish singer
** Uzo (filmmaker), Uzo, Nigerian-American film producer and director
* August 27 – Bernhard Langer, German golfer
* August 28
** Ivo Josipović, President of Croatia
** Rick Rossovich, American actor
** Daniel Stern (actor), Daniel Stern, American actor
** Ai Weiwei, Chinese artist, philosopher
* August 29
** Grzegorz Ciechowski, Polish musician (d. 2001)
** Shirō Sagisu, Japanese composer
* August 30 – Manu Tuiasosopo, American football player
* August 31
** Gina Schock, American drummer (The Go-Go's)
** Ingrid Washinawatok, Native American activist (d. 1999)

September

* September 1 – Gloria Estefan, Cuban-born American singer
* September 6 – José Sócrates, 117th Prime Minister of Portugal
* September 7
** Ewa Kasprzyk (athlete), Ewa Kasprzyk, Polish athlete
** John McInerney, British-German singer-songwriter (Bad Boys Blue)
* September 8 – Ricardo Montaner, Argentine-born Venezuelan singer
* September 11 – Preben Elkjær, Danish footballer
* September 12
** Jan Egeland, Norwegian politician, diplomat and humanitarian
** Kadim Al Sahir, Iraqi singer
** Rachel Ward, English-born actress
** Hans Zimmer, German composer
* September 13
** Bongbong Marcos, 17th President of the Philippines
** Cesare Bocci, Italian actor
** Mal Donaghy, Northern Irish footballer
* September 16 – David McCreery, Irish footballer
* September 18 – Mark Wells, American professional ice hockey player
* September 19
** Chris Roupas, Greek-American basketball player
** Mark Acheson, Canadian film, television and voice actor
* September 20 – Sabine Christiansen, German journalist and television presenter
* September 21
** Ethan Coen, American film director, producer, screenwriter and editor
** Kevin Rudd, 26th Prime Minister of Australia
* September 22
** Nick Cave, Australian musician, songwriter, author, screenwriter and actor
** Mark Johnson (ice hockey), Mark Johnson, American professional ice hockey player and coach
** Dalia Reyes Barrios, Venezuelan art collector
* September 25 – Michael Madsen, American actor
* September 26 – Luigi De Canio, Italian footballer and football manager
* September 27 – Peter Sellars, American theatre director
* September 28 – Luis Cluzeau Mortet, Uruguayan composer and musician
* September 29 – Andrew Dice Clay, American comedian
* September 30 – Fran Drescher, American actress

October

* October 4
**Bill Fagerbakke, American actor
**Aleksandr Tkachyov (gymnast), Aleksandr Tkachyov, Soviet gymnast
* October 5 – Bernie Mac, African-American stand-up comedian and actor (d. 2008)
* October 7 – Jayne Torvill, British ice dancer and Olympian
* October 8
** Ewan Stewart, Scottish actor
** Magdalena Cajías, Bolivian academic, historian, and politician.
* October 9 – Herman Brusselmans, Belgian novelist, poet, playwright and columnist
* October 10 – Rumiko Takahashi, Japanese manga artist
* October 11
** Dawn French, British comedian
** Eric Keenleyside, Canadian actor
* October 12 – Clémentine Célarié, French actress
* October 15 – Stacy Peralta, American director and skateboarder
* October 20 – Manuel Huerga, Spanish film director and screenwriter
* October 21
** Steve Lukather, American guitarist, singer, songwriter, arranger and record producer
** Wolfgang Ketterle, German physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate
* October 22 – Daniel Melingo, Argentine musician
* October 23 – Paul Kagame, 4th President of Rwanda
* October 25 – Nancy Cartwright, American voice actress (Bart Simpson from 'The Simpsons')
* October 26
** Bob Golic, American football player
** Julie Dawn Cole, English actress
* October 27 – Tsai Ming-liang, Taiwanese film director
**Jeff East, American actor
* October 28 – Stephen Morris (musician), Stephen Morris, British drummer
* October 29 – Dan Castellaneta, American voice actor (Homer Simpson from 'The Simpsons')
* October 30
** Kevin Pollak, American actor
** Richard Jeni, American stand-up comedian and actor (d. 2007)
* October 31
** Brian Stokes Mitchell, American actor and singer
** Robert Pollard, American musician
** Shirley Phelps-Roper, American political and religious activist

November

* November 3 – Dolph Lundgren, Swedish actor and martial artist
* November 4 – Tony Abbott, 28th Prime Minister of Australia
* November 5 – Jon-Erik Hexum, American actor (d. 1984)
* November 6
** Cam Clarke, American voice actor and singer
** Ciro Gomes, Brazilian lawyer and politician
** Klaus Kleinfeld, German business executive
** Lori Singer, American actress and musician
* November 7 – Christopher Knight (actor), Christopher Knight, American actor
* November 10 – George Lowe, American voice actor and comedian
* November 12 – Cécilia Attias, wife of French Prime Minister Nicolas Sarkozy
* November 13
** Greg Abbott, American attorney and politician
** Roger Ingram, American jazz musician, author, educator, trumpet designer
* November 14 – Gregg Burge, American tap dancer and choreographer (d. 1998)
* November 15 – Kevin Eubanks, American jazz guitarist
* November 18 – Olivia Heussler, Swiss photojournalist
* November 19
** Ofra Haza, Israeli singer (d. 2000)
** Tom Virtue, American actor
* November 20
** John Eriksen, Danish footballer (d. 2002)
** Goodluck Jonathan, 14th President of Nigeria
** Stefan Bellof, German racing driver (d. 1985)
* November 21 – Sophie Lorain, Canadian actress, director and producer
* November 22
** Don Newman (basketball), Don Newman, American basketball coach and player (d. 2018)
** Alan Stern, principal investigator of NASA's New Horizons mission to Pluto
* November 23 – William Kaelin Jr., American cellular biologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate
* November 24 – Denise Crosby, American screen actress
* November 26
** Kevin Kamenetz, American politician (d. 2018)
** Matthias Reim, German singer-songwriter
* November 27
** Kenny Acheson, Irish race car driver
** Edda Heiðrún Backman, Icelandic actress, singer, director and artist (d. 2016)
** Caroline Kennedy, American author, attorney and daughter of 35th President John F. Kennedy
* November 30 – Colin Mochrie, Scottish-born Canadian comedian

December

* December 1
** Tjahjo Kumolo, Indonesian politician (d. 2022)
** Deep Roy, Anglo-Indian actor, stuntman, puppeteer, and comedian
** Vesta Williams, American singer-songwriter (d. 2011)
* December 3 – Maxim Korobov, Russian businessman and politician
* December 4 – Eric S. Raymond, American open source software advocate
* December 6
** Thomas Brinkman, American politician
** Andrew Cuomo, American politician
*December 7 – Tijjani Muhammad-Bande, Nigerian career-diplomat, President of the United Nations General Assembly (2019)
* December 9
** Peter O'Mara, Australian jazz guitarist and composer
** Donny Osmond, American singer and actor (The Osmonds)
** José Luis Gil, Spanish actor and voice actor
* December 10
** Michael Clarke Duncan, American actor (d. 2012)
** José Mário Vaz, former List of Presidents of Guinea-Bissau, President of Guinea-Bissau
** Paul Hardcastle, English musician
* December 12 – Sheila E., American percussionist, singer, author, and actress
* December 13 – Steve Buscemi, American actor
* December 15 – Laura Molina (artist), Laura Molina, American artist, musician and actress
* December 16 – Nikolaos Michaloliakos, Greek politician, founder and leader of Golden Dawn (political party), Golden Dawn, a Neo-Nazism, neo-nazi party
* December 17 – Doug Parker (voice actor), Doug Parker, Canadian voice actor and voice director
* December 19
** Tracy Pew, Australian musician (d. 1986)
** Kevin McHale (basketball), Kevin McHale, American basketball player
* December 20
** Billy Bragg, British singer
** Joyce Hyser, American actress
** Anna Vissi, Greek singer
* December 21
** Tom Henke, American baseball player
** Ray Romano, American actor and comedian
* December 24 – Hamid Karzai, President of Afghanistan
* December 25 – Shane MacGowan, Irish singer and songwriter (The Pogues)
* December 30
** Matt Lauer, American newscaster
** Joanna Pacuła, Polish actress

Date unknown

*Emily Alemika, Nigerian Professor of Law
*Genie (feral child), Genie, American feral child
*Marie Mendras, political scientist

Deaths

January

* January 4 – Theodor Körner (Austrian president), Theodor Körner, Austrian statesman, 5th President of Austria (b. 1873)
* January 10 – Gabriela Mistral, Chilean writer, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1889)
* January 13 – A. E. Coppard, English short story writer and poet (b. 1878)
* January 14 – Humphrey Bogart, American actor (b. 1899)
* January 16
** Alexander Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone, English army officer and colonial administrator (b. 1874)
** Arturo Toscanini, Italian conductor (b. 1867)
* January 20 – James Brendan Connolly, American Olympic athlete (b. 1868)
* January 26
** Helene Costello, American actress (b. 1906)
** William Eythe, American actor (b. 1918)
** José Linhares, Brazilian lawyer, 15th President of Brazil (b. 1886)
**Mamoru Shigemitsu, Japanese diplomat and politician (b. 1887)

February

* February 1 – Friedrich Paulus, German field marshal (b. 1890)
* February 2 – Julia Morgan, American architect (b. 1872)
* February 4 – Miguel Covarrubias, Mexican painter (b. 1904)
* February 8
** Walther Bothe, German physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1891)
** John von Neumann, Hungarian-born mathematician (b. 1903)
* February 9 – Miklós Horthy, Austro-Hungarian admiral and regent of the Kingdom of Hungary (b. 1868)
* February 10 – Laura Ingalls Wilder, American author (b. 1867)
* February 16
** Josef Hofmann, Polish-born pianist and composer (b. 1876)
** John Sealy Townsend, Sir John Townsend, Irish mathematical physicist (b. 1868)
* February 18
** Walter James Bolton, uxoricide, last person to be executed in New Zealand (b. 1888)
** Dedan Kimathi, Kenyan rebel leader, executed (b. 1920)
** Henry Norris Russell, American astronomer (b. 1877)
* February 19 – Märta Torén, Swedish actress (b. 1925)
* February 20 – Sadri Maksudi Arsal, Turkish politician and academic (b. 1878)
* February 23 – Marika Ninou, Greek singer (b. 1922)
* February 25 – Bugs Moran, American gangster (b. 1893)
* February 27 – Wiljo Tuompo, Finnish general (b. 1893)

March

* March 5 – William Cameron Menzies, American film production designer (b. 1896)
* March 6 – Alexander Godley, Sir Alexander Godley, British general (b. 1867)
* March 7 – Wyndham Lewis, English painter (b. 1882)
* March 8 – János Esterházy, Hungarian politician in Czechoslovakia (b. 1901)
* March 11 – Richard E. Byrd, American explorer (b. 1888)
* March 12 – Josephine Hull, American actress (b. 1877)
* March 14 – Eugenio Castellotti, Italian racing driver (car crash) (b. 1930)
* March 16 – Constantin Brâncuși, Romanian sculptor (b. 1876)
* March 17
** Seale Harris, American physician (b. 1870)
** Ramon Magsaysay, 7th President of the Philippines (killed in plane crash) (b. 1907)
* March 26
** Édouard Herriot, French politician, 66th Prime Minister of France (b. 1872)
** Max Ophüls, German film director and writer (b. 1902)
* March 28 – Gheorghe Tătărescu, Romanian politician, 36th Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1886)
* March 29
** Joyce Cary, Irish author (b. 1888)
** María Josefa Segovia Morón, Spanish Roman Catholic laywoman and venerable (b. 1891)
* March 31 – Gene Lockhart, Canadian actor (b. 1891)

April

* April 3 – Ned Sparks, Canadian character actor (b. 1883)
* April 4 – E. Herbert Norman, Canadian diplomat (b. 1909)
* April 5 – Alagappa Chettiar, Indian philanthropist (b. 1909)
* April 6 – Pierina Morosini, Italian Roman Catholic laywoman, martyr and blessed (b. 1931)
* April 8
** Dorothy Sebastian, American actress (b. 1903)
** Pedro Segura y Sáenz, Spanish Roman Catholic archbishop (b. 1880)
* April 11 – William Skelly, American oil magnate (b. 1878)
* April 15 – Pedro Infante, Mexican actor and singer (b. 1917)
* April 16 – Johnny Torrio, Italian-born American gangster (b. 1882)
* April 21 – Boris Kozo-Polyansky, Soviet botanist and evolutionary biologist (b. 1890)
* April 23 – Roy Campbell (poet), Roy Campbell, South African poet (b. 1901)
* April 24 – Elizabeth Hesselblad, Swedish nurse and Roman Catholic saint (b. 1870)
* April 25 – Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani, Emir of Qatar (b. 1880)
* April 26 – Elinor Fair, American actress (b. 1903)

May

* May 1
** Grant Mitchell (actor), Grant Mitchell, American actor (b. 1874)
** George Paish, Sir George Paish, English economist (b. 1867)
* May 2 – Joseph McCarthy, American senator (b. 1908)
* May 4 – Katie Johnson (English actress), Katie Johnson, British actress (b. 1878)
* May 7
** Wilhelm Filchner, German explorer (b. 1877)
** Zenón Noriega Agüero, Peruvian general, interim President of Peru (b. 1900)
* May 9
** Ezio Pinza, Italian bass (b. 1892)
** Heinrich Campendonk, German-Dutch painter and graphic designer (b. 1889)
* May 12 – Erich von Stroheim, Austrian actor and director (b. 1885)
* May 13
** Michael Fekete, Hungarian-born Israeli mathematician (b. 1886)
** Prince Makonnen, Ethiopian prince (b. 1923)
** Robert Alfred Theobald, American admiral (b. 1884)
* May 14 – Marie Vassilieff, Soviet artist (b. 1884)
* May 16
** John Brown (actor), John Brown, British actor (b. 1904)
** Eliot Ness, American Bureau of Prohibition, Prohibition agent (b. 1903)
* May 17 – Francesco Balilla Pratella, Italian composer (b. 1880)
* May 20 – Gilbert Murray, Australian-British classical scholar and intellectual (b. 1866)
* May 29 – James Whale, English film director (b. 1889)
* May 31 – Leopold Staff, Polish poet (b. 1878)

June

* June 1
** Feliksas Baltušis-Žemaitis, Lithuanian military leader (b. 1897)
** Luisa Casati, Italian patron of the arts (b. 1881)
* June 6 – Kulyash Baiseitova, Soviet composer (b. 1912)
* June 12
** Robert Alton, American dancer and choreographer (b. 1906)
** Mario Urteaga Alvarado, Peruvian painter (b. 1875)
** Jimmy Dorsey, American jazz musician (b. 1904)
* June 13 – Irving Baxter, American athlete (b. 1876)
* June 14 – María Beatriz del Rosario Arroyo, Filipino Roman Catholic nun and servant of God (b. 1884)
* June 15 – Norina Matchabelli, Princess Norina Matchabelli, Italian perfumier (b. 1880)
* June 17
** Dorothy Richardson, English feminist writer (b. 1873)
** Augusto Samuel Boyd, 20th President of Panama (b. 1879)
* June 18 – Henry H. Goddard, American psychologist and eugenicist (b. 1866)
* June 21 – Johannes Stark, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1874)
* June 23 – Patriarch Ignatius Aphrem I Barsoum (b. 1887)
* June 24 – František Kupka, Czech painter and graphic artist (b. 1871)
* June 26
** Alfred Döblin, German writer (b. 1878)
** Malcolm Lowry, English poet and novelist (b. 1909)
* June 27
** Hermann Buhl, Austrian mountaineer (b. 1924)
** David Wallin, Swedish artist (b. 1876)

July

* July 3
** Richard Mohaupt, German composer and Kapellmeister (b. 1904)
** Judy Tyler, American actress (b. 1932)
* July 4 – Maria Crocifissa Curcio, Italian Roman Catholic and Carmelite nun (b. 1877)
* July 8 – Grace Coolidge, First Lady of the United States (b. 1879)
* July 10 – Sholem Asch, Polish-Jewish novelist, dramatist and essayist (b. 1880)
* July 11 – Aga Khan III, 48th Nizari Imam (b. 1877)
* July 15
** George Cleveland, Canadian actor (b. 1885)
** James M. Cox, Democratic Party (United States), Democratic candidate for President of the United States in the 1920 United States presidential election, election of 1920 (b. 1870)
** Vasily Maklakov, Russian liberal politician and parliamentary orator (b. 1869)
* July 23 – Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa, Sicilian writer (b. 1896)
* July 24
** Metodija Andonov-Čento, Macedonian statesman (b. 1902)
** Sacha Guitry, Russian-born French playwright, actor and director (b. 1885)
* July 26 – Carlos Castillo Armas, Guatemalan military officer and politician, 28th President of Guatemala (assassinated) (b. 1914)
* July 28 – Edith Abbott, American social worker, educator and author (b. 1876)

August

* August 3 – Devdas Gandhi, youngest son of Mahatma Gandhi (b. 1900)
* August 4 – Washington Luís, 13th President of Brazil (b. 1869)
* August 5 – Heinrich Otto Wieland, German chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1877)
* August 7 – Oliver Hardy, American actor (b. 1892)
* August 11 – Rudolf Weigl, Polish biologist (b. 1883)
* August 16 – Irving Langmuir, American chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1881)
* August 19 – David Bomberg, British Vorticist painter (b. 1890)
* August 20 – Julio Lozano Díaz, President of Honduras (b. 1885)
* August 30 – Harold Gatty, Australian aviator (b. 1903)

September

* September 1 – Dennis Brain, English French horn player (b. 1921) (car crash)
* September 2 – Bobby Myers (racing driver), Bobby Myers, American NASCAR driver (b. 1927)
* September 9 – Muhammad al-Muqri, grand vizier of Morocco (b. 1844)
* September 15 – Lee Hill (actor), Lee Hill, American actor (b. 1894)
* September 16 – Qi Baishi, Chinese painter (b. 1864)
* September 20 – Jean Sibelius, Finnish composer (b. 1865)
* September 21
**Jimmy Callahan (actor), Jimmy Callahan, American actor (b. 1891)
** Norma Giménez, Argentine actress (b. 1930)
** Margaret Ashmore Sudduth, American educator, editor, temperance advocate (b. 1859)
** King Haakon VII of Norway (b. 1872)
* September 22 – Toyoda Soemu, Japanese admiral (b. 1885)
* September 25 – Archduke Joseph Ferdinand of Austria (b. 1895)
* September 28 – Luis Cluzeau Mortet, Uruguayan composer and musician (b. 1888)
* September 29 – George Bagration of Mukhrani, Prince George Bagration, Georgian nobleman (b. 1884)

October

* October 3
** Bernard Maybeck, American Arts and Crafts architect (b. 1862)
** Lőrinc Szabó, Hungarian poet (b. 1900)
* October 9 – Hassiba Ben Bouali, Algerian militant (b. 1938)
* October 19 – V. Gordon Childe, Australian archaeologist (b. 1892)
* October 20 – Jack Buchanan, British actor (b. 1891)
* October 23 – Frederick Burton (actor), Frederick Burton, American actor (b. 1871)
* October 24
** Christian Dior, French fashion designer (b. 1905)
** Jacobus Hendrik Pierneef, South African artist (b. 1886)
* October 25
** Albert Anastasia, American gangster (b. 1902)
** Lord Dunsany, Irish author (b. 1878)
* October 26
** Gerty Cori, Austrian-born biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1896)
** Nikos Kazantzakis, Greek writer (b. 1883)
* October 27 – Giovanni Battista Caproni, Italian aeronautical, civil and electrical engineer, aircraft designer and industrialist (b. 1886)
* October 29 – Louis B. Mayer, American film studio mogul, former head of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) (b. 1885)
* October 30 – José Patricio Guggiari, Paraguayan politician, 32nd President of Paraguay (b. 1884)

November

* November 2
** William Haywood (architect), William Haywood, British architect (b. 1876)
** Ted Meredith, American Olympic athlete (b. 1891)
* November 3
** Charles Brabin, American director and screenwriter (b. 1882)
** Laika, Soviet space dog (b. c. 1954)
** Wilhelm Reich, Austrian psychoanalyst (b. 1897)
* November 4
** Joseph Canteloube, French composer and singer (b. 1879)
** Shoghi Effendi, Bahá'í leader (b. 1897)
** Grigore Preoteasa, Romanian activist (b. 1915)
* November 7
** Dina Romano, Italian stage and film actress (b. 1888)
** Hasui Kawase, Japanese painter and printmaker (b. 1883)
* November 11 – Masao Maruyama (Japanese Army officer), Masao Maruyama, Japanese general (b. 1889)
* November 13 – Antonín Zápotocký, 6th President and 15th Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (b. 1884)
* November 15 – Andrzej Bursa, Polish poet (b. 1932)
* November 17 – Cora Witherspoon, American actress (b. 1890)
* November 18 – Rudolf Diels, German Nazi civil servant and ''Gestapo'' chief (b. 1900)
* November 24 – Diego Rivera, Mexican painter (b. 1886)
* November 25
** Prince George of Greece and Denmark, high commissioner of the Cretan State (b. 1869)
** Raymond Griffith, American actor (b. 1895)
** William V. Pratt, American admiral (b. 1869)
* November 26
** Billy Bevan, Australian actor (b. 1887)
** Petros Voulgaris, Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1884)
* November 29 – Erich Wolfgang Korngold, Austrian composer (b. 1897)
* November 30 – Beniamino Gigli, Italian tenor (b. 1890)

December

* December 2 – Harrison Ford (silent film actor), Harrison Ford, American silent film actor (b. 1884)
* December 4 – John Lavarack, Sir John Lavarack, Australian general, Governor of Queensland (b. 1885)
* December 6
** Claude Barnard, Australian politician and government minister (b. 1890)
** Robert Esnault-Pelterie, French aircraft designer and pioneer rocket theorist (b. 1881)
* December 8
**Petre Antonescu (general), Petre Antonescu, Romanian general (b. 1891)
**Reginald Sheffield, English actor (b. 1901)
* December 10 – Maurice McLoughlin, American tennis champion (b. 1890)
* December 10
** James Stevenson-Hamilton, first warden of South Africa's Kruger National Park (b. 1867)
** Napoleon Zervas, Greek WW II Resistance leader (b. 1891)
* December 11 – Musidora, French actress (b. 1889)
* December 15 – Alfonso Bedoya, Mexican actor (b. 1904)
* December 17 – Dorothy L. Sayers, British crime writer, poet, playwright and essayist (b. 1893)
* December 21 – Eric Coates, English composer (b. 1886)
* December 24 – Norma Talmadge, American actress (b. 1894)
* December 25
** Alfred Walton Hinds, 17th Naval Governor of Guam (b. 1874)
** Charles Pathé, French film pioneer (b. 1863)
* December 26 – Angelo Motta, Italian entrepreneur (b. 1890)
* December 28 – Hilda Vaughn, American actress (b. 1898)
* December 31 – Óscar Domínguez, Spanish painter (b. 1906)

Nobel Prizes

* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Chen-Ning Yang, Tsung-Dao Lee
* Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Alexander R. Todd, Lord Alexander R. Todd
* Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Physiology or Medicine – Daniel Bovet
* Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Albert Camus
* Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – Lester Bowles Pearson

References

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