The year 1944 in architecture involved some significant events.

Events

* March 9 –

St. Nicholas Church, Tallinn St. Nicholas Church ( et, Niguliste kirik, german: Nikolaikirche) is a medieval Church (building), church building in Tallinn (Reval), Estonia. It was dedicated to Saint Nicholas, the patron of the fishermen and sailors. Originally built in the ...

, gutted during the

bombing of Tallinn in World War II During World War II, the Estonian capital Tallinn suffered from many instances of aerial bombing by the Soviet air force and the German Luftwaffe. The first bombings by Luftwaffe occurred during the Summer War of 1941 as part of Operation Bar ...

. * Summer –

Ministry of Works (United Kingdom) The Ministry of Works was a department of the UK Government formed in 1940, during the Second World War, to organise the requisitioning of property for wartime use. After the war, the ministry retained responsibility for government building proje ...

builds the first demonstration British temporary prefab houses designed for postwar reconstruction (in Northolt and on

Millbank Millbank is an area of central London in the City of Westminster. Millbank is located by the River Thames, east of Pimlico and south of Westminster. Millbank is known as the location of major government offices, Burberry headquarters, the Millb ...

in London). The temporary wooden Jicwood bungalow is designed by Richard Sheppard in England. * October –

Destruction of Warsaw The destruction of Warsaw was Nazi Germany's substantially effected razing of the city in late 1944, after the 1944 Warsaw Uprising of the Polish resistance. The uprising infuriated German leaders, who decided to destroy the city as retaliation. ...

. * The '' Greater London Plan'' and ''A Plan for Plymouth'' are published by Patrick Abercrombie.

Buildings and structures

Buildings

Malmö City Theatre Malmö City Theatre ( sv, Malmö stadsteater) in Malmö, Sweden, is the main theatre of Malmö. History The first theatre in Malmö, Malmö Teater, was built in 1808 but became out of use in 1938. The Malmö City Theatre was built by the archit ...

, Sweden, designed by Sigurd Lewerentz with Erik Lallerstedt and David Helldén in 1933, is completed. * Fagersta airspace surveillance tower, Sweden, designed by

Cyrillus Johansson Cyrillus Johansson (9 July 1884, in Gävle – 20 May 1959, in Lidingö) was a Swedish architect. Life and work Laurentius Cyrillus Johansson was born in Gävle, Sweden. He was the son of Magnus Johansson and Johanna Charlotta Bohlin His f ...

, is completed. *

10050 Cielo Drive 10050 Cielo Drive was the street address of a former luxury home in Benedict Canyon, in the west-central part of the Beverly Crest neighborhood of Los Angeles, bordering Beverly Hills, where three members of the Manson Family committed the Tate ...

(site of the

Manson murders Charles Milles Manson (; November 12, 1934November 19, 2017) was an American criminal and musician who led the Manson Family, a cult based in California, in the late 1960s. Some of the members committed a series of nine murders at four loc ...

in 1969) is built.

Awards

* AIA Gold Medal – Louis Sullivan. * RIBA Royal Gold Medal – Edward Maufe. * Grand Prix de Rome, architecture: Claude Béraud.

Births

* January 2 –

Bryan Avery Bryan Robert Avery MBE RIBA (2 January 1944 – 4 July 2017) was an English architect, born in Wallingford, Berkshire. After his childhood years spent in Lymington in the New Forest, Hampshire, he studied architecture at Leicester College o ...

, English architect (died

2017 File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a ser ...

) * January 9 – Massimiliano Fuksas, Italian architect * January 19 – Thom Mayne, American architect * January 25 –

Bernard Tschumi Bernard Tschumi (born 25 January 1944 in Lausanne, Switzerland) is an architect, writer, and educator, commonly associated with deconstructivism. Son of the well-known Swiss architect Jean Tschumi and a French mother, Tschumi is a dual French-S ...

, Swiss-born architect * April 6 – Peter Murray, English architectural journalist * April 24 – Maarja Nummert, Estonian architect * June 1 –

Rafael Viñoly Rafael Viñoly Beceiro (born 1944) is a Uruguayan architect. He is the principal of Rafael Viñoly Architects, which he founded in 1983. The firm has offices in New York City, Palo Alto, London, Manchester, Abu Dhabi, and Buenos Aires. Viñ ...

, Uruguayan-born architect (died

2023 Events Predicted and scheduled events * January 1 ** In the United States, books, films, and other works published in 1927 will enter the public domain, assuming there are no changes made to copyright law. ** Croatia will adopt the eu ...

) * June 14 – Simo Paavilainen, Finnish architect * July 15 – Stephen A. Lesser, American architect * August 19 – Adrian Smith, American architect * September 27 –

Jan Utzon Jan Utzon (born 1944) is a Danish architect. The son of Jørn Utzon, with whom he worked closely on several prestigious projects, he has completed a number of fine works of his own including the Performing Arts Centre in Esbjerg.

, Danish architect * November 17 –

Rem Koolhaas Remment Lucas Koolhaas (; born 17 November 1944) is a Dutch architect, architectural theorist, urbanist and Professor in Practice of Architecture and Urban Design at the Graduate School of Design at Harvard University. He is often cited as a re ...

, Dutch architect * December 23 – Samuel Mockbee, American architect (died

2001 The September 11 attacks against the United States by Al-Qaeda, which Casualties of the September 11 attacks, killed 2,977 people and instigated the global war on terror, were a defining event of 2001. The United States led a Participants in ...

) * Dick Clark, American architect *

Spencer de Grey Spencer Thomas de Grey CBE RIBA (born 1944) is a British architect. Early and personal life He was born in 1944 in Farnham, Surrey, son of artists Capt. Sir Roger de Grey and Flavia Hatt Irwin. He married Hon. Amanda Lucy Annan, daughter of ...

, English architect * David Miller, American architect

Deaths

* January 1 – Sir

Edwin Lutyens Sir Edwin Landseer Lutyens ( ; 29 March 1869 – 1 January 1944) was an English architect known for imaginatively adapting traditional architectural styles to the requirements of his era. He designed many English country houses, war memori ...

, English architect (born

1869 Events January–March * January 3 – Abdur Rahman Khan is defeated at Tinah Khan, and exiled from Afghanistan. * January 5 – Scotland's oldest professional football team, Kilmarnock F.C., is founded. * January 20 – E ...

) * March 8 –

Rudolf Wels Rudolf Wels (28 April 1882, in Osek near Rokycany, western Bohemia – 8 March 1944, in KZ Auschwitz) was a Czech architect active in western Bohemia and in Prague. Rudolf Wels worked in the Karlovy Vary Region and also Prague. He designed gla ...

, Czech architect, killed in

Auschwitz concentration camp Auschwitz concentration camp ( (); also or ) was a complex of over 40 concentration and extermination camps operated by Nazi Germany in occupied Poland (in a portion annexed into Germany in 1939) during World War II and the Holocaust. It con ...

(born

1882 Events January–March * January 2 ** The Standard Oil Trust is secretly created in the United States to control multiple corporations set up by John D. Rockefeller and his associates. ** Irish-born author Oscar Wilde arrives in ...

) * April 4 –

Morris H. Whitehouse Morris Homans Whitehouse (March 21, 1878 – April 4, 1944) was an American architect whose work included the design of the Gus Solomon United States Courthouse in Portland, Oregon. Biography Whitehouse was born in Portland, Oregon, on Mar ...

, American architect (born

1878 Events January–March * January 5 – Russo-Turkish War – Battle of Shipka Pass IV: Russian and Bulgarian forces defeat the Ottoman Empire. * January 9 – Umberto I becomes King of Italy. * January 17 – Battle o ...

) * April 10 – Henry Price, English architect working in Manchester (born

1867 Events January–March * January 1 – The Covington–Cincinnati Suspension Bridge opens between Cincinnati, Ohio, and Covington, Kentucky, in the United States, becoming the longest single-span bridge in the world. It was renamed a ...

) * May 8 –

Alexander Beer Alexander (Alex) Beer (10 September 1873 – 8 May 1944) was a German architect. Life Beer was born in Czarne, Hammerstein (Czarne), West Prussia. He studied in Berlin and Darmstadt. His first employment was in Mainz, where he restored and refurb ...

, German architect, died in Theresienstadt concentration camp (born

1873 Events January–March * January 1 ** Japan adopts the Gregorian calendar. ** The California Penal Code goes into effect. * January 17 – American Indian Wars: Modoc War: First Battle of the Stronghold – Modoc Indians defeat ...

) * May 26 – Walter Brugmann, Nazi German architect, died in aircraft crash (born

1887 Events January–March * January 11 – Louis Pasteur's anti-rabies treatment is defended in the Académie Nationale de Médecine, by Dr. Joseph Grancher. * January 20 ** The United States Senate allows the Navy to lease Pearl Har ...

) * September 6 – Clarence Perry, American town planner (born

1872 Events January–March * January 12 – Yohannes IV is crowned Emperor of Ethiopia in Axum, the first ruler crowned in that city in over 500 years. * February 2 – The government of the United Kingdom buys a number of forts on ...

) * October 7 – P. Morley Horder, English architect (born

1870 Events January–March * January 1 ** The first edition of ''The Northern Echo'' newspaper is published in Priestgate, Darlington, England. ** Plans for the Brooklyn Bridge are completed. * January 3 – Construction of the Broo ...

) * October 23 – Wilson Eyre, American architect (born

1858 Events January–March * January – **Benito Juárez (1806–1872) becomes Liberal President of Mexico. At the same time, conservatives install Félix María Zuloaga (1813–1898) as president. **William I of Prussia becomes regent f ...

) * November 12 – Samuel Charles Brittingham, Australian architect (born

1860 Events January–March * January 2 – The discovery of a hypothetical planet Vulcan is announced at a meeting of the French Academy of Sciences in Paris, France. * January 10 – The Pemberton Mill in Lawrence, Massachusett ...

) * December 4 – Benjamin Wistar Morris, American architect (born

) * December 25 –

Henry Budden Henry "Harry" Ebenezer Budden (11 August 1871 – 25 December 1944) was a Sulman Award winning Australian architect active in the first 40 years of the 20th century. His work encompassed the styles of the Federation Arts and Crafts and Bungalo ...

, Australian architect (born

1871 Events January–March * January 3 – Franco-Prussian War – Battle of Bapaume: Prussians win a strategic victory. * January 18 – Proclamation of the German Empire: The member states of the North German Confederation and the sout ...

) * Harry Little, American architect *

Watson Elkinah Reid Watson Elkinah Reid (1858–1944) was a Canadian architect, a one time member of the California architectural firm, Reid & Reid. Early life Reid was born in Harvey, Albert County, New Brunswick to William J. Reid and Lucinda Robinson. He was t ...

, Canadian architect (born

)

References

{{reflist 1944 architecture