The 1936 Combined Scottish Universities by-election was a
by-election
A by-election, also known as a special election in the United States and the Philippines, a bye-election in Ireland, a bypoll in India, or a Zimni election ( Urdu: ضمنی انتخاب, supplementary election) in Pakistan, is an election use ...
held from 27 to 31 January 1936 for the
Combined Scottish Universities
The Combined Scottish Universities was a three-member university constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1918 until 1950. It was created by merging the single-member constituencies of Glasgow and Abe ...
, a
university constituency
A university constituency is a constituency, used in elections to a legislature, that represents the members of one or more universities rather than residents of a geographical area. These may or may not involve plural voting, in which voters a ...
of the
British House of Commons.
Vacancy
The seat had become vacant when the
Unionist Member of Parliament
A member of parliament (MP) is the representative in parliament of the people who live in their electoral district. In many countries with Bicameralism, bicameral parliaments, this term refers only to members of the lower house since upper house ...
(MP)
Noel Skelton
Archibald Noel Skelton (1 July 1880 – 22 November 1935) was a Scottish Unionist politician, journalist and intellectual.
Early life
The son of Sir John Skelton KCB LLD, Skelton was born on 1 July 1880 at Hermitage of Braid in Edinburgh a ...
had died at the age of 55 on 22 November 1935, 3 days before being returned posthumously at the
1935 general election. A lawyer, journalist and Conservative intellectual, he had held the seat since being elected unopposed at the
1931 general election.
Candidates
The Unionists and their
Conservative
Conservatism is a cultural, social, and political philosophy that seeks to promote and to preserve traditional institutions, practices, and values. The central tenets of conservatism may vary in relation to the culture and civilization in ...
allies were the dominant group in the
National Government, whose parties did not usually stand candidates against each other. A by-election in a Unionist-held seat would therefore normally have been contested by a Unionist candidate, but in this case there was a need to find a seat for
Ramsay MacDonald of
National Labour, who had been defeated in his
Seaham constituency at the
1935 general election. He had led the National Government from 1931 to 1935 and remained
Lord President of the Council, so the other government parties agreed that he should contest this by-election, the first since the general election.
The
Labour Party, which formed the
official opposition
Parliamentary opposition is a form of political opposition to a designated government, particularly in a Westminster-based parliamentary system. This article uses the term ''government'' as it is used in Parliamentary systems, i.e. meaning ''t ...
at Westminster, fielded
David Cleghorn Thomson. As a
Liberal candidate, Thomson had contested
Willesden West
Willesden West was a constituency in Middlesex adjoining the County of London and forming part of the London conurbation, in London itself from 1965. It returned one member to the House of Commons of the UK Parliament 1918–1974.
The outco ...
in
1923 and
Edinburgh South in
1924
Events
January
* January 12 – Gopinath Saha shoots Ernest Day, whom he has mistaken for Sir Charles Tegart, the police commissioner of Calcutta, and is arrested soon after.
* January 20– 30 – Kuomintang in China h ...
. After joining Labour, he stood as the Labour candidate in
Leith
Leith (; gd, Lìte) is a port area in the north of the city of Edinburgh, Scotland, founded at the mouth of the Water of Leith. In 2021, it was ranked by ''Time Out'' as one of the top five neighbourhoods to live in the world.
The earliest ...
in
1935
Events
January
* January 7 – Italian premier Benito Mussolini and French Foreign Minister Pierre Laval conclude an agreement, in which each power agrees not to oppose the other's colonial claims.
* January 12 – Amelia Earhart bec ...
.
The third candidate was
Andrew Dewar Gibb, of the
Scottish National Party
The Scottish National Party (SNP; sco, Scots National Pairty, gd, Pàrtaidh Nàiseanta na h-Alba ) is a Scottish nationalist and social democratic political party in Scotland. The SNP supports and campaigns for Scottish independence from ...
. Gibb, who was
Regius Professor of Law at Glasgow University, had also contested the seat in the 1935 general election.
Result
The result was a clear victory for MacDonald, who won over 56% of the votes.
However his physical and mental health collapsed later in the year, exacerbated by the death of King
George V
George V (George Frederick Ernest Albert; 3 June 1865 – 20 January 1936) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 until his death in 1936.
Born during the reign of his grandmother Q ...
a week before polling; a sea voyage was recommended to restore his health, and he died at sea in November 1937, triggering
another by-election.
See also
*
Combined Scottish Universities (UK Parliament constituency)
The Combined Scottish Universities was a three-member university constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1918 until 1950. It was created by merging the single-member constituencies of Glasgow and Aberde ...
*
1927 Combined Scottish Universities by-election
The 1927 Combined Scottish Universities by-election was a by-election held from 26 to 29 April 1927 for the Combined Scottish Universities, a university constituency of the British House of Commons.
Vacancy
The seat had become vacant on 16 Mar ...
*
1934 Combined Scottish Universities by-election
The 1934 Combined Scottish Universities by-election was a by-election held from 7 to 12 March 1934 for the Combined Scottish Universities, a university constituency of the British House of Commons.
Vacancy
The seat had become vacant on 30 Dece ...
*
1935 Combined Scottish Universities by-election
*
1938 Combined Scottish Universities by-election
The 1938 Combined Scottish Universities by-election was a by-election held from 21 to 25 February 1938 for the Combined Scottish Universities, a university constituency of the British House of Commons.
Vacancy
The seat had become vacant when t ...
*
1945 Combined Scottish Universities by-election
The 1945 Combined Scottish Universities by-election was a by-election held from 9 to 13 April 1945 for the Combined Scottish Universities, a university constituency of the British House of Commons.
Vacancy
The seat had become vacant on 6 March ...
*
1946 Combined Scottish Universities by-election
The 1946 Combined Scottish Universities by-election was a by-election held from 22 to 27 November 1946 for the Combined Scottish Universities, a university constituency of the British House of Commons.
It was the last election for a university ...
*
List of United Kingdom by-elections (1931–1950)
This is a list of parliamentary by-elections in the United Kingdom held between 1931 and 1950, with the names of the incumbent and victor and their respective parties. Where seats changed political party at the election, the result is highlighted ...
References
Sources
*
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Combined Scottish Universities By-Election, 1936
1936 in Scotland
1930s elections in Scotland
1936 elections in the United Kingdom
By-elections to the Parliament of the United Kingdom in the Combined Scottish Universities
Ramsay MacDonald