The 1908 Wolverhampton East by-election was held on 5 May 1908. The by-election was held due to the elevation to the peerage of the incumbent Liberal MP,

Henry Fowler Henry Fowler may refer to: * Henry the Fowler (861–936), Duke of Saxony and King of the Germans * Henry Fowler (hymn writer) (1779–1838), English hymn writer * Henry Fowler (Maryland and Wisconsin) (1799–?), American farmer and politician * ...

, who became Viscount Wolverhampton. It was won by the Liberal candidate George Rennie Thorne.

Background

Thorne, who had stood unsuccessfully for election twice in the

South South is one of the cardinal directions or Points of the compass, compass points. The direction is the opposite of north and is perpendicular to both east and west. Etymology The word ''south'' comes from Old English ''sūþ'', from earlier Pro ...

and West divisions of Wolverhampton, seemed in nearly every way the stereotypical Liberal of his day; a pronounced nonconformist, a Baptist,''The Times'', 6 May 1908 in a constituency where there were many nonconformist voters. In his election meetings and literature he declared himself a supporter of free trade, the proposed Bill on Old Age Pensions, restricting to eight the hours that miners could be made to work daily, women’s suffrage, Irish Home Rule and any necessary reform of the House of Lords. He was also strongly in favour of temperance and a supporter of the disestablishment of the Church of England. Fowler had been unopposed in two of the previous four elections, and had won the last, in 1906, with more than two thirds of the votes cast, a majority of 2,865. Portrait of Henry Fowler, 1st Viscount Wolverhampton

Portrait of Henry Fowler, 1st Viscount Wolverhampton

Result

Thorne won the by-election by a majority of just eight votes from the Unionist candidate Leo Amery, who had lost to Fowler in 1906. One of reasons it was such a narrow margin was the policy of the

Suffragists Suffrage, political franchise, or simply franchise, is the right to vote in public, political elections and referendums (although the term is sometimes used for any right to vote). In some languages, and occasionally in English, the right to v ...

at this time to oppose the candidates of the Liberal government because they would not bring in a Bill to provide votes for women. This was despite the individual views of the candidates, many of whom, like Thorne, were pro-women’s suffrage. A Mrs Lois Dawson, who had incorrectly been placed on the electoral register as Louis Dawson, was allowed to vote by a surprised polling station presiding officer, as she was clearly on the electoral roll. Her vote was allowed to stand, although had there been a court scrutiny of the election result it would almost certainly have been rejected.''The Times'', 7 May 1908

Aftermath

References

{{By-elections to the 28th UK Parliament Wolverhampton East by-election Wolverhampton East by-election By-elections to the Parliament of the United Kingdom in Staffordshire constituencies By-elections to the Parliament of the United Kingdom in West Midlands (county) constituencies Elections in Wolverhampton 20th century in Staffordshire Wolverhampton East by-election