The 1904 United States House of Representatives elections coincided with the election to a full term of

President President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...

Theodore Roosevelt Theodore Roosevelt Jr. ( ; October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919), often referred to as Teddy or by his initials, T. R., was an American politician, statesman, soldier, conservationist, naturalist, historian, and writer who served as the 26t ...

. Roosevelt's popularity swept many

Republican Republican can refer to: Political ideology * An advocate of a republic, a type of government that is not a monarchy or dictatorship, and is usually associated with the rule of law. ** Republicanism, the ideology in support of republics or agains ...

house candidates into office, cementing their majority over the opposition

Democratic Party Democratic Party most often refers to: *Democratic Party (United States) Democratic Party and similar terms may also refer to: Active parties Africa *Botswana Democratic Party *Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea *Gabonese Democratic Party *Demo ...

. Because Roosevelt came from a liberal wing of the Republican Party, his ideology was prevalent among freshman representatives. Progressive Republicanism mobilized a new base of support and proved to be especially popular among the Protestant middle-class workers who held jobs in business or in the front offices of industrial facilities.

Election summaries

The previous election of 1902 saw 3 Independent Republicans elected in the Pittsburgh area of Pennsylvania.

Early election dates

In 1904, three states, with 8 seats among them, held elections early: * June 6

Oregon Oregon () is a U.S. state, state in the Pacific Northwest region of the Western United States. The Columbia River delineates much of Oregon's northern boundary with Washington (state), Washington, while the Snake River delineates much of it ...

* September 6

Vermont Vermont () is a state in the northeast New England region of the United States. Vermont is bordered by the states of Massachusetts to the south, New Hampshire to the east, and New York to the west, and the Canadian province of Quebec to ...

* September 12

Maine Maine () is a state in the New England and Northeastern regions of the United States. It borders New Hampshire to the west, the Gulf of Maine to the southeast, and the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Quebec to the northeast and north ...

Special elections

, - , , George W. Croft , , Democratic , 1902 , , Incumbent died March 10, 1904.
New member elected May 17, 1904.
Winner was not a candidate to the next term, see below. , nowrap , , - , ,

Victor H. Metcalf Victor Howard Metcalf (October 10, 1853 – February 20, 1936) was an American politician; he served in President Theodore Roosevelt's cabinet as Secretary of Commerce and Labor, and then as Secretary of the Navy. Biography Born in Utica, New ...

, , Republican , 1898 , , Incumbent resigned July 1, 1904 to become U.S. Secretary of Commerce and Labor.
New member elected November 8, 1904.
Republican hold.
Winner was also elected to the next term, see below. , nowrap , , - ,

Alabama

Arkansas

California

, - , ,

James Gillett James Norris Gillett (September 20, 1860 – April 20, 1937) was an American lawyer and politician. A Republican involved in federal and state politics, Gillett was elected both a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from California fr ...

, , Republican , 1902 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - , , Theodore A. Bell , , Democratic , 1902 , , Incumbent lost re-election.
New member

elected Elected may refer to: * "Elected" (song), by Alice Cooper, 1973 * ''Elected'' (EP), by Ayreon, 2008 *The Elected, an American indie rock band See also *Election An election is a formal group decision-making process by which a population ...

.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - , ,

, , Republican , 1898 , , Incumbent resigned July 1, 1904 to become U.S. Secretary of Commerce and Labor.
New member

.
Republican gain.
Winner was also elected to finish the current term, see above. , nowrap , , - , ,

Edward J. Livernash Edward James Livernash, subsequently Edward James de Nivernais (February 14, 1866 – June 1, 1938), was an American newspaperman and lawyer who served one term as a United States House of Representatives, U.S. Representative representing the ...

, , Democratic , 1902 , , Incumbent lost re-election.
New member

.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - , , William J. Wynn , , Democratic , 1902 , , Incumbent lost re-election.
New member

.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - , ,

James C. Needham James Carson Needham (September 17, 1864 – July 11, 1942) was an American lawyer and politician who served as a seven-term U.S. Representative from California from 1899 to 1913. Biography Born in a covered wagon at Carson City, Nevada, Ja ...

, , Republican , 1898 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - , , James McLachlan , , Republican , 1900 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - , ,

Milton J. Daniels Milton John Daniels (April 18, 1838 – December 1, 1914) was an American Civil War veteran and politician who served one term as a U.S. Representative from California from 1903 to 1905. Biography Born in Cobleskill (village), New York, Dan ...

, , Republican , 1902 , , Incumbent retired.
New member

.
Republican hold. , nowrap ,

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

, - , , Stephen M. Sparkman , , Democratic , 1894 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - , ,

Robert Wyche Davis Robert Wyche Davis (March 15, 1849 – September 15, 1929) was a United States Representative from Florida. Biography Born near Albany, Georgia, Davis attended public schools. He enlisted in 1863 in the Fifth Georgia Volunteer Infantry Regimen ...

, , Democratic , 1896 , , Incumbent retired.
New member

.
Democratic hold. , nowrap , , - , , William B. Lamar , , Democratic , 1902 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap ,

Georgia

Idaho

, - ! ,

Burton L. French Burton Lee French (August 1, 1875 – September 12, 1954) was a congressman from Idaho. French served as a Republican in the House from 1903 to 1909, 1911 to 1915 and 1917 to 1933. With a combined 26 years in office, he remains the longest-s ...

, , Republican , 1902 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap ,

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

, - , , William H. Jackson , , Republican , 1900 , , Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic gain. , nowrap , , - , ,

J. Frederick C. Talbott Joshua Frederick Cockey Talbott (July 29, 1843 – October 5, 1918) was a U.S. Congressman who represented the second Congressional district of Maryland. Biography He was born near Lutherville, Maryland on July 29, 1843. He began to study law ...

, , Democratic , 1902 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - , ,

Frank C. Wachter Frank Charles Wachter (September 16, 1861 – July 1, 1910) was an American politician and Congressman from Maryland. Biography Born in Baltimore, Maryland to German immigrants, Wachter attended private schools and St. Paul's Evangelical Sch ...

, , Republican , 1898 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - , , James W. Denny , , Democratic , 1902 , , Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold. , nowrap , , - , , Sydney Emanuel Mudd I , , Republican , 1896 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - , , George A. Pearre , , Republican , 1898 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap ,

Massachusetts

, - ! , George P. Lawrence , , Republican , 1897 (special) , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Frederick H. Gillett Frederick Huntington Gillett (; October 16, 1851 – July 31, 1935) was an American politician who served in the Massachusetts state government and both houses of the U.S. Congress between 1879 and 1931, including six years as Speaker of the Hous ...

, , Republican , 1892 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , John R. Thayer , , Democratic , 1898 , , Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! , Charles Q. Tirrell , , Republican , 1900 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Butler Ames Butler Ames (August 22, 1871 – November 6, 1954) was an American politician, engineer, soldier and businessman. He was the son of Adelbert Ames and grandson of Benjamin Franklin Butler, both decorated generals in the Union Army during the Ame ...

, , Republican , 1902 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Augustus Peabody Gardner Augustus Peabody Gardner (November 5, 1865 – January 14, 1918) was an American military officer and Republican Party politician from Massachusetts. He represented the North Shore region in the Massachusetts Senate and United States House of Re ...

, , Republican , 1902 (special) , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , Ernest W. Roberts , , Republican , 1898 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Samuel W. McCall Samuel Walker McCall (February 28, 1851 – November 4, 1923) was a Republican lawyer, politician, and writer from Massachusetts. He was for twenty years (1893–1913) a member of the United States House of Representatives, and the 47th Governo ...

, , Republican , 1892 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , John A. Keliher , , Democratic , 1902 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , William S. McNary , , Democratic , 1902 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

John Andrew Sullivan John Andrew Sullivan (May 10, 1868 – May 31, 1927) was a United States House of Representatives, U.S. Representative from Massachusetts. Born in Boston, Massachusetts, Sullivan attended the common and high schools. He was graduated from the B ...

, , Democratic , 1902 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , Samuel L. Powers , , Republican , 1900 , , Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold. , nowrap , , - ! ,

William S. Greene William Stedman Greene (April 28, 1841 – September 22, 1924) was a United States representative from Massachusetts. Biography William S. Greene was born in Tremont, Illinois on April 28, 1841. He moved with his parents to Fall River, Massachu ...

, , Republican , 1898 (special) , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

William C. Lovering William Croad Lovering (February 25, 1835 – February 4, 1910) was a U.S. Representative from Massachusetts. Biography Born in Woonsocket, Rhode Island, Lovering moved with his parents to Taunton, Massachusetts, in 1837. He attended the Camb ...

, , Republican , 1896 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap ,

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

, - ! , Ezekiel S. Candler Jr. , , Democratic , 1900 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Thomas Spight Thomas Spight (October 25, 1841 – January 5, 1924) was a U.S. Representative from Mississippi. Born near Ripley, Mississippi, Spight attended the common schools, Ripley Academy, Purdy (Tennessee) College, and the La Grange (Tennessee) Synodi ...

, , Democratic , 1898 (special) , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Benjamin G. Humphreys II Benjamin Grubb Humphreys II (August 17, 1865 – October 16, 1923) was a United States House of Representatives, U.S. Representative from Mississippi. He was known by his constituents as "Our Ben." Early life Benjamin Grubb Humphreys II was bo ...

, , Democratic , 1902 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , Wilson S. Hill , , Democratic , 1902 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , Adam M. Byrd , , Democratic , 1902 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , Eaton J. Bowers , , Democratic , 1902 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , Frank A. McLain , , Democratic , 1898 (special) , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , John S. Williams , , Democratic , 1892 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap ,

Missouri

Montana

, - ! ,

Joseph M. Dixon Joseph Moore Dixon (July 31, 1867May 22, 1934) was an American History of the Republican Party (United States), Republican politician from Montana. He served as a U.S. House of Representatives, Representative, United States Senate, Senator, and th ...

, , Republican , 1902 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap ,

Nebraska

, - ! ,

Elmer Burkett Elmer Jacob Burkett (December 1, 1867May 23, 1935) was a Representative and a Senator from Nebraska. Burkett was born on a farm near Glenwood, Iowa. He attended the public schools and graduated from Tabor College in 1890 and from the University ...

, , Republican , 1898 , Incumbent re-elected.
Resigned before start of term to become Senator. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Gilbert Hitchcock Gilbert Monell Hitchcock (September 18, 1859February 3, 1934) was an American congressman and U.S. Senator from Nebraska, and the founder of the ''Omaha World-Herald'' newspaper. Life and career Born in Omaha, Nebraska, Hitchcock was the son ...

, , Democratic , 1902 , , Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! , John McCarthy , , Republican , 1902 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , Edmund H. Hinshaw , , Republican , 1902 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

George W. Norris George William Norris (July 11, 1861September 2, 1944) was an American politician from the state of Nebraska in the Midwestern United States. He served five terms in the United States House of Representatives as a Republican, from 1903 until 1913 ...

, , Republican , 1902 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , Moses Kinkaid , , Republican , 1902 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap ,

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

, - ! rowspan=2 ,
, Thomas F. Marshall , , Republican , nowrap , 1900 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap rowspan=2 , , - ,

Burleigh F. Spalding Burleigh Folsom Spalding (December 3, 1853 – March 17, 1934) was a United States representative from North Dakota. He was born on a farm near Craftsbury, Vermont. He attended the Lyndon Literary Institute in Lyndon, Vermont and was graduated ...

, , Republican , nowrap , 1902 , , Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican hold.

Ohio

Oregon

, - ! ,

Binger Hermann Binger Hermann (February 19, 1843 – April 15, 1926) was an American attorney and politician in Oregon. A native of Maryland, he immigrated to the Oregon Territory with his parents as part of the Baltimore Colony. Hermann would serve in both ...

, , Republican , 1903 (special) , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

John N. Williamson John Newton Williamson (November 8, 1855August 29, 1943) was an American rancher and politician in the state of Oregon. A native Oregonian, he served in both chambers of the Oregon Legislative Assembly representing central and eastern Oregon in ...

, , Republican , 1902 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap ,

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

, - , ,

George Swinton Legaré George Swinton Legaré (November 11, 1869 – January 31, 1913) was an American attorney and politician from South Carolina. He was best known for his service in the United States House of Representatives from 1903 until his death. Early life ...

, , Democratic , 1902 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - , , George W. Croft , , Democratic , 1902 , , Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold. , nowrap , , - , , Wyatt Aiken , , Democratic , 1902 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - , , Joseph T. Johnson , , Democratic , 1900 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - , , David E. Finley , , Democratic , 1898 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - , , Robert B. Scarborough , , Democratic , 1900 , , Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold. , nowrap , , - , , Asbury F. Lever , , Democratic , 1901 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap ,

South Dakota

, - ! rowspan=2 ,
,

Charles H. Burke Charles Henry Burke (April 1, 1861 – April 7, 1944) was a Republican Congressman from South Dakota and Commissioner of the Bureau of Indian Affairs in the 1920s. Biography He was born near Batavia, New York, in 1861, and attended the public sc ...

, , Republican , 1898 , Incumbent re-elected. , rowspan=2 nowrap , , - ,

Eben Martin Eben Wever Martin (April 12, 1855 – May 22, 1932) was an American attorney and politician in South Dakota. A Republican, he was most notable for his service as a member of the United States House of Representatives. Early life and education M ...

, , Republican , 1900 , Incumbent re-elected.

Tennessee

, - ! ,

Walter P. Brownlow Walter Preston Brownlow (March 27, 1851 – July 8, 1910) was an American politician who represented Tennessee's 1st district in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1897 until his death in 1910. He is remembered for obtaining large feder ...

, , Republican , 1896 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Henry R. Gibson Henry Richard Gibson (December 24, 1837 – May 25, 1938) was an American attorney and politician who represented Tennessee's 2nd congressional district, Tennessee's 2nd district in the United States House of Representatives, U.S. House of Repres ...

, , Republican , 1894 , , Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold. , nowrap , , - ! , John A. Moon , , Democratic , 1896 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , Morgan C. Fitzpatrick , , Democratic , 1902 , , Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold. , nowrap , , - ! , James D. Richardson , , Democratic , 1884 , , Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold. , nowrap , , - ! , John W. Gaines , , Democratic , 1896 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Lemuel P. Padgett Lemuel Phillips Padgett (November 28, 1855 – August 2, 1922) was an American politician and a member of the United States House of Representatives for the 7th congressional district of Tennessee. Biography Born in Columbia, Tennessee, in ...

, , Democratic , 1900 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , Thetus W. Sims , , Democratic , 1896 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , Rice A. Pierce , , Democratic , 1896 , , Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Democratic hold. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Malcolm R. Patterson Malcolm Rice Patterson (June 7, 1861 – March 8, 1935) was an American politician and jurist. He served in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1901 to 1906, and as the 30th governor of Tennessee from 1907 to 1911. He later served as a circu ...

, , Democratic , 1900 , Incumbent re-elected. ,

Texas

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

, - , , , , , , , - , , , , , , , - , , , , , , , - , , , , , , , - , , , , , , , - , ,

Carter Glass Carter Glass (January 4, 1858 – May 28, 1946) was an American newspaper publisher and Democratic politician from Lynchburg, Virginia. He represented Virginia in both houses of Congress and served as the United States Secretary of the Treas ...

, , Democratic , 1902 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - , ,

James Hay James Hay may refer to: *James Hay (bishop) (died 1538), Scottish abbot and bishop * James Hay, 1st Earl of Carlisle (c.1580–1636), British noble * James Hay, 2nd Earl of Carlisle (1612–1660), British noble * James Hay, 15th Earl of Erroll (172 ...

, , Democratic , 1904 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - , , , , , , , - , , , , , , , - , , Henry D. Flood , , Democratic , 1900 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap ,

Washington

West Virginia

, - ! , Blackburn B. Dovener , , Republican , 1894 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Alston G. Dayton Alston Gordon Dayton (October 18, 1857 – July 30, 1920) was a United States representative from West Virginia and a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of West Virginia. Education and caree ...

, , Republican , 1894 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , Joseph H. Gaines , , Republican , 1900 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Harry C. Woodyard Harry Chapman Woodyard (November 13, 1867 – June 21, 1929) was a Republican Party (United States), Republican politician from West Virginia who served as a United States representative. Congressman Woodyard was born in Spencer, West Virginia, in ...

, , Republican , 1902 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

James A. Hughes James Anthony Hughes (February 27, 1861March 2, 1930) was a member of the United States House of Representatives from the state of West Virginia. Hughes was born near Corunna in the Province of Canada (in what is now Ontario). He immigrat ...

, , Republican , 1900 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap ,

Wisconsin

Wyoming

, - ! ,

Frank W. Mondell Frank Wheeler Mondell (November 6, 1860August 6, 1939) was a United States representative of Wyoming. Biography Born in St. Louis, Missouri, he was educated in the public schools. For many years he was engaged in farming, stock-raising, and ra ...

, , Republican , 1898 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap ,

Non-voting delegates

Oklahoma Territory

, - , , Bird S. McGuire , , Republican , 1902 , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap ,

New Mexico Territory

New Mexico Territory elected its non-voting delegate November 8, 1904. , - , , Bernard Shandon Rodey , , Republican , 1900 , , Incumbent lost renomination and then lost re-election as an Independent Republican.
New delegate elected.
Republican hold. , nowrap ,

Notes

References

Bibliography

* * * * *

External links

Office of the Historian
(Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives) {{1904 United States elections