The 1900 United States elections elected the
57th United States Congress
The 57th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from March 4, 1901, to ...
. The election was held during the
Fourth Party System
The Fourth Party System is the term used in political science and history for the period in American political history from about 1896 to 1932 that was dominated by the Republican Party, except the 1912 split in which Democrats captured the Whit ...
. Republicans retained control of the Presidency and both houses of Congress, while third parties suffered defeats.
In a re-match of the 1896 presidential election,
Republican
Republican can refer to:
Political ideology
* An advocate of a republic, a type of government that is not a monarchy or dictatorship, and is usually associated with the rule of law.
** Republicanism, the ideology in support of republics or agains ...
President
William McKinley
William McKinley (January 29, 1843September 14, 1901) was the 25th president of the United States, serving from 1897 until his assassination in 1901. As a politician he led a realignment that made his Republican Party largely dominant in ...
defeated
Democratic former Representative
William Jennings Bryan
William Jennings Bryan (March 19, 1860 – July 26, 1925) was an American lawyer, orator and politician. Beginning in 1896, he emerged as a dominant force in the History of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party, running ...
of
Nebraska
Nebraska () is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States. It is bordered by South Dakota to the north; Iowa to the east and Missouri to the southeast, both across the Missouri River; Kansas to the south; Colorado to the southwe ...
.
McKinley's previous running mate, Vice President
Garret Hobart
Garret Augustus Hobart (June 3, 1844 – November 21, 1899) was the 24th vice president of the United States, Vice President of the United States, serving from 1897 until his death in 1899. He was the sixth American vice president to die in ...
, had died in office, so the Republicans nominated
New York Governor
The governor of New York is the head of government of the U.S. state of New York. The governor is the head of the executive branch of New York's state government and the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces. The governor has a ...
Theodore Roosevelt
Theodore Roosevelt Jr. ( ; October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919), often referred to as Teddy or by his initials, T. R., was an American politician, statesman, soldier, conservationist, naturalist, historian, and writer who served as the 26t ...
as their vice presidential candidate. McKinley again won by a comfortable margin in both the popular vote and the electoral college, and he picked up a handful of states in the West and the Midwest. McKinley's win made him the first sitting President to win re-election since
Ulysses S. Grant
Ulysses S. Grant (born Hiram Ulysses Grant ; April 27, 1822July 23, 1885) was an American military officer and politician who served as the 18th president of the United States from 1869 to 1877. As Commanding General, he led the Union Ar ...
in
1872
Events
January–March
* January 12 – Yohannes IV is crowned Emperor of Ethiopia in Axum, the first ruler crowned in that city in over 500 years.
* February 2 – The government of the United Kingdom buys a number of forts on ...
.
Republicans won minor gains in the
House
A house is a single-unit residential building. It may range in complexity from a rudimentary hut to a complex structure of wood, masonry, concrete or other material, outfitted with plumbing, electrical, and heating, ventilation, and air condi ...
, maintaining their majority.
In the
Senate
A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ...
, the Democrats made moderate gains while the
Populist Party lost three seats. Republicans continued to maintain a commanding majority in the chamber.
See also
*
1900 United States presidential election
The 1900 United States presidential election was the 29th quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 6, 1900. In a re-match of the 1896 race, incumbent Republican President William McKinley defeated his Democratic challenger, ...
*
1900 United States House of Representatives elections
The 1900 United States House of Representatives elections were held, coinciding with the re-election of President William McKinley.
McKinley's Republican Party gained thirteen seats from the Democratic Party and minor parties, cementing their ...
*
1900–01 United States Senate elections
The 1900–01 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states, coinciding with President William McKinley's re-election as well as the 1900 House of Representatives elections. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior ...
References
Further reading
*
*
* Beeby, James M. "Red Shirt Violence, Election Fraud, and the Demise of the Populist Party in North Carolina's Third Congressional District, 1900." ''North Carolina Historical Review'' 85.1 (2008): 1-28
online* Bloch, Herman D. "The New York Afro-American's Struggle for Political Rights and the Emergence of Political Recognition, 1865–1900." ''International Review of Social History'' 13.3 (1968): 321-349
online* Brands, Henry William. ''The reckless decade: America in the 1890s'' (U of Chicago Press, 2002).
* Brown, M. Craig, and Barbara D. Warner. "Immigrants, urban politics, and policing in 1900." ''American Sociological Review'' (1992): 293-305
online*
* Connolly, James J. ''The Triumph of Ethnic Progressivism: Urban Political Culture in Boston, 1900-1925'' (Harvard UP, 2009).
* Fishel, Leslie H. "The Negro in Northern Politics, 1870-1900." ''Mississippi Valley Historical Review'' 42.3 (1955): 466-489
online* Hair, William Ivy. ''Bourbonism and Agrarian Protest: Louisiana Politics, 1877--1900'' (LSU Press, 1969).
*
* Hilpert, John M. (2015) ''American Cyclone: Theodore Roosevelt and His 1900 Whistle-Stop Campaign'' (U Press of Mississippi, 2015), 349 pp.
* Kalisch, Philip A. "The Black Death in Chinatown: Plague and Politics in San Francisco 1900-1904." ''Arizona and the West'' 14.2 (1972): 113-136
online* McKinney, Gordon B. ''Southern Mountain Republicans 1865-1900: Politics and the Appalachian Community'' (U North Carolina Press, 1978).
* Moneyhon, Carl H. "Black Politics in Arkansas during the Gilded Age, 1876-1900." ''Arkansas Historical Quarterly'' 44.3 (1985): 222-245
online*
* Quince, Charles. ''Resistance to the Spanish-American and Philippine Wars: Anti-imperialism and the Role of the Press, 1895-1902'' (McFarland, 2017).
*
* Thelen, David Paul. ''The new citizenship: Origins of progressivism in Wisconsin, 1885-1900'' (U of Missouri Press, 1972).
*
Primary sources
* Bryan, William Jennings. "The Election of 1900," pp. 788–80
Bryan gives his analysis of why he lost* Stevenson, Adlai E., et al. "Bryan or McKinley? The Present Duty of American Citizens," ''The North American Review'' Vol. 171, No. 527 (Oct. 1900), pp. 433–51
in JSTORpolitical statements by politicians on all sides, including Adlai E. Stevenson, B. R. Tillman, Edward M. Shepard, Richard Croker, Erving Winslow, Charles Emory Smith, G. F. Hoar, T. C. Platt, W. M. Stewart, Andrew Carnegie, and James H. Eckels
1900 elections in the United States
1900
As of March 1 ( O.S. February 17), when the Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 13 days until February 28 ( O.S. February 15), 2 ...
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